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In this study, we report biodiesel production from waste cooking oil using CaO catalyst derived from Madura limestone through a transesterification reaction. Many limestone quarries in Madura can be used as heterogeneous catalysts because they are cheap, easy to separate, and have high basicity. Conversion of limestone into CaO catalyst through calcination at 900°C for 3 hours. The CaO catalyst formed was characterized using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR), and Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX) instruments. Biodiesel formed through the transesterification reaction was analyzed using GC-MS. Furthermore, biodiesel blends from waste cooking oil and pure diesel were prepared in volume percentages (B-10, B-20, B-30, B-40, and B-100) for testing on diesel engine performance. The results of testing the highest torque and brake horsepower (BHP) were obtained on pure diesel fuel (S-100) at 2.49 Nm and 381.12 watts, respectively. The lowest fuel consumption at 1500 rpm is produced on the B-20 at 0.186 kg/h. Overall, the emission characteristics of carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and nitrogen monoxide (NO) with the lowest concentration resulted from biodiesel blends rather than pure diesel.

The low demand for vocational education graduates has led to high unemployment. The low demand for vocational education graduates has led to high unemployment. Vocational college graduates still need to be commensurate with industrial needs. Many Senior High School, Vocational High School, and Vocational College graduates have not been able to find a job for more than six months. Conditions on Madura island worsened this, and the lack of accelerated industrialization even after the Suramadu Bridge was built. Madura has the lowest Human Development Index (HDI) score in East Java. Data from the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) Sampang in Figures 2021) shows that the HDI value in 2020 only increased by 0.76 from 2019 of 62.70. Politeknik Negeri Madura (Poltera) together with PT. United Tractors and LSP ABI want to take an active role in improving Madura's HDI by preparing human resources on heavy equipment mechanics through the development of a centre of excellence for technology (PUT) of Heavy Equipment (CHE). Using the causal-comparative method, the researcher observed the impact of each stage on PUT-CHE development activities and reviewed the data to find causal factors and correlations. Poltera took a strategic step by equipping lecturers with virtual training on heavy equipment mechanics (SOBAT Program), organized by PT United Tractors. The SOBAT program has positively impacted heavy equipment engineering graduates in 2022, which has increased significantly. Academic data showed that 13 out of 34 heavy equipment mechanical engineering graduates were employed in leading heavy equipment industries before three months. Other data stated that three lecturers participating in Virtual Training on heavy equipment mechanics were selected as 50 interns at PT United Tractors.

Hydroelectric power plant is renewable electrical energy that is needed at this time. One of the hydropower plants that has been designed is the Kaplan turbine, which is intended for the Geladak Kenong river, Pamekasan. The turbine is designed to produce 1000 Watts of power. In the manufacture of the turbine, several variations have been carried out, namely the diameter of the turbine blades, the angle of the turbine blades and the height of the draft tube. However, the power generated is relatively small, which is 416.89 Watts. In this modification, Kaplan turbines will be made with variations in Guide Vanes angles of 15⁰, 25⁰, 35⁰ and 45⁰. Its working principle is optimizing water energy to improve Turbine performance. The method used in this study is to vary the angle of the Guide Vanes which can affect the power generated. The results of the Kaplan Turbine test, the highest power of 521.79 Watt, occurred at a Guide Vanes angle of 25⁰ with a discharge of 0.0152 m3/s and a rotation of 466 rpm. Pembangkit listrik tenaga air (PLTA) merupakan energi listrik terbarukan yang sangat dibutuhkan pada saat ini. Salah satu PLTA yang telah dirancang yaitu turbin Kaplan yang diperuntukkan di sungai Geladak Kenong Pamekasan. Turbin tersebut dirancang untuk dapat menghasilkan daya sebesar 1000 Watt. Dalam pembuatan turbin tersebut telah dilakukan pengujian dengan beberapa variasi yaitu diameter sudu tubin, sudut sudu turbin dan ketinggian draft tube. Namun daya yang dihasilkan relatif kecil yaitu sebesar 416,89 Watt. Pada modifikasi ini akan dibuat Turbin Kaplan dengan variasi sudut Guide Vanes 15⁰, 25⁰, 35⁰ dan 45⁰. Prinsip kerjanya mengoptimalkan energi air untuk meningkatkan kinerja Turbin. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah memvariasi sudut Guide Vanes yang dapat mempengaruhi daya yang dihasilkan. Hasil dari pengujian Turbin Kaplan, daya tertinggi sebesar 521,79 Watt, terjadi pada sudut Guide Vanes 25⁰ dengan debit 0.0152 m3/s dan putaran 466 rpm.