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BACKGROUND: Wolbachia are widespread intracellular bacteria in insects that often have high rates of spread due to their impact on insect reproduction. These bacteria may also affect the mating behavior of their host with impacts on the fitness of host progeny. In this study, we investigated the impact of Wolbachia on a preference for mating with young or old males in the parasitoid wasp Habrobracon hebetor. RESULTS: Our results showed that uninfected females from a tetracycline‐treated line preferred to mate with young males, whereas Wolbachia‐infected females had no preference. Time to mating was relatively shorter in the infected lines. Regardless of Wolbachia infection status, progeny resulting from matings with young males showed higher fitness than those from crosses with old males, and infected females crossed with infected young males showed the highest performance. CONCLUSION: These results suggest an impact of Wolbachia on female mate preference and offspring fitness although it is unclear how this phenomenon increases Wolbachia transmission of infected wasps. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currently, the composite industry is focusing on more environmentally friendly resources in order to generate a new range of biobased materials. In this manuscript, we present a new work using lignocellulosic wastes from the paper industry to incorporate into biobased epoxy systems. The manufactured materials were composed of kraft lignin, glass fiber, and a sustainable epoxy system, obtaining a 40% biobased content. Using a vacuum infusion process, we fabricated the composites and analyzed their mechanical and UV resistance properties. The findings reveal a significant correlation between the lignin content and flexural modulus and strength, showing an increase of 69% in the flexural modulus and 134% in the flexural strength with the presence of 5% of lignin content. Moreover, it is necessary to highlight that the presence of synthesized lignin inhibits the UV degradation of the biobased epoxy coating. We propose that the use of lignocellulosic-based wastes could improve the mechanical properties and generate UV resistance in the composite materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transfusion-associated circulatory overload (TACO) is a potentially fatal blood transfusion complication that often presents itself within 12 hours of transfusion cessation. We present a case of TACO in an orthopedic surgery patient to highlight the importance of anticipating and managing complications of blood loss and transfusion in an otherwise healthy patient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Our study aimed to compare the twice-weekly and three-time weekly prophylactic fluconazole regimens among low birth weight premature neonates. Methods: Premature neonates (40 cases) were divided into two groups and received two and three-times-weekly fluconazole regimens for three weeks. Surveillance of fungal colonization was performed before treatment and twice weekly. Results: Fungal colonization occurred in 11 infants in group A and 4 infants in group B (55% vs. 20%, p=0.022). In both groups, the rectum was the most common site of colonization. Candida glabrata, Candida orthopsilosis and, Candida albicans were the most commonly isolated species in both groups. There were no significant differences between the two groups regarding birth weight, gestational age, and other baseline risk factors for fungal colonization. Conclusion: In this study, the three-times-weekly administration of prophylactic fluconazole appears to be more effective in preventing fungal colonization than the twice-weekly regimen among premature neonates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Allergic rhinitis is a very common disease which its clinical symptoms can reduce the patient’s quality of life. This study aimed to compare the effects and side effects of desloratadine with fexofenadine on allergic rhinitis. Methods: The present study is a clinical trial on 68 patients with allergic rhinitis who were randomly divided into two groups named A and B. In the A group, patients used 120 mg of fexofenadine for 4 weeks and in the B group, patients received 5 mg of desloratadine for 4 weeks. After two weeks of rest, patients in the A group received desloratadine, and patients in the B group received fexofenadine for 4 weeks. Then, the clinical conditions and efficiency of the drugs in both groups were compared. Results: The severity of symptoms significantly decreased in the A and B groups before and after the treatment (p<0.001 and p=0.007, respectively). The severity of symptoms after taking the first and second drugs in the A group was lower than in the B group. In the A group, the changes in symptom severity after taking the first and second drugs were significantly greater than in the B group. Other symptoms were not significantly different between the two treatment groups (p>0.05) in all cases. Conclusion: In patients with allergic rhinitis, the use of fexofenadine compared to desloratadine can more effectively reduce the severity of the symptoms of the disease and can be prescribed as a suitable treatment option for these patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In breast reconstruction after a single mastectomy, the surgeon must choose from hundreds of implants to select the one that best replicates the patient's natural breast. Due to a lack of measurement tools, the surgeon must depend on their previous experience to visually choose the best implant, leading them to compare and use numerous implants to confirm the implant of choice for each patient. In this paper, we investigate the use of finite element modelling (FEM) for improving pre-operative decision-making in determining the optimal implant for a patient based on pre-operative MRI scans. The findings of our preliminary investigation show that FEM can be used to provide input for a comparison system, which can rank implants based on their similarity to a patient model of the natural breast, and the system's choices are comparable to what human users would make for each patient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A study was conducted to examine the substitution reactions of 2,3,4-tri-toluenesulfonate ester derivatives of the methyl pyranosides of L-arabinose,D-ribose,D-lyxose and D-xylose. These reactions are examined with various nucleophiles.

Statement of the problem: The paper focuses on the design subject. The matter of what is design and how it is work has always been the concern of theorists and researchers. In the meantime, it is a significant issue that rather than the existence of a single theory, we have a variety of views and context of the attitude. When uncertainty arises, we are confronted with a phenomenon that is not linear and cannot be perceived just through the logic. Some find metaphysical aspects, some have examined unconscious from the psychological point of view and others have a mystical look at the issue. Purpose of the study : As a designer and audience, this unknown aspect of design can be mysterious, stimulant, frightening, or enjoyable. Design as creativity arises from designer's individual physical and mental world, it is created by imagination, measured by science, and once again returns to the imagination. A set of internal and external components is involved in design. Recognizing this design space and its transformation is what matters to us. An approach is process-centered. In addition to studies on the characteristics of physical space, mental space's characteristics are also should be studied. We consider this mental space to be the same as the imaginary space of the designer. Direct access to the imagination mechanism is impossible, but we can try to explain its effectiveness on the structural levels. Research Methodology: The research method is a synthesis of narrative and hermeneuticphenomenological analysis.it is process-oriented and focuses on the design process. The research is based on a set of connections and interactions. Conclusion: Creativity should be relying on the imagination. It is a lovely escape with no limits. in imagination, everything is possible. It is an experience of freedom. Everyone's having a unique imaginary space that is quite different from others. A series of individual elements forms the characteristics of this space. in a design process, designer flows in continuous transition between this imaginative space and physical space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]