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O assédio sexual (AS) envolve insinuações, ameaças, intimidações, contatos físicos e chantagens associadas às relações patriarcais e de poder. O presente artigo objetivou analisar os relatos de universitárias que sofreram AS; suas configurações; ações individuais e coletivas; e os relatos sobre a saúde. Trata-se de uma etnografia virtual com análise temática de conteúdo de 24 depoimentos de brasileiras no Facebook, na página #MeuProfessorAbusador. Essa violência perpetrada por professores se configura por toques e elogios indesejáveis, olhares sugestivos, “beijos acidentais”, comentários sexistas, piadas sexualizadas e convites persistentes. Elas relatam se sentir ameaçadas e silenciadas nos espaços educativos, com o desejo de desistir dos cursos, autoculpabilizam-se e sofrem com o assédio moral; discriminações raciais e de gênero; e adoecimentos físicos e mentais. As experiências de AS indicam a necessidade de programas de enfrentamento institucional para a proteção dos direitos das mulheres.

Para alcançar a melhoria da qualidade dos processos produtivos e/ou do produto final, e obter processos com cada vez menos perdas e desperdícios, a metodologia do Seis Sigma utiliza um procedimento de melhoria continua conhecido como ciclo DMAIC. Este ciclo consiste em uma metodologia orientada à melhoria, otimização e estabilização de processos e projetos de negócios. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste estudo é aplicar as etapas Define, Measure e Analyze da metodologia DMAIC e analisar como ela pode contribuir para a redução de perdas de produto por vencimento no processo logístico em uma revenda de bebidas. Com isso, foi possível identificar os principais problemas das perdas de produtos por vencimento, entre elas a solicitação de produtos inovação em quantidade superior à demanda, os erros na marcação de puxada e a falta de engajamento do time comercial nas vendas dos produtos com idade crítica. Em seguida, esses problemas foram analisados para reconhecimento de suas causas raízes e posteriormente foram desenvolvidos planos de ação com o intuito de mitigar as causas raízes identificadas, contribuindo assim para a redução das perdas. Dentre as ações propostas, as primordiais são as voltadas para o time comercial, objetivando maior engajamento do time. Além disso, foi proposta a verificação da data de validade dos produtos de baixo giro e produtos de inovação antes da realização dos pedidos, bem como a criação de uma equipe focada em perdas.

Land use and land cover (LULC) studies, particularly those focused on mapping forest species using Sentinel-2 (S2A) data, face challenges in delineating and identifying areas of heterogeneous forest components with spectral similarity at the canopy level. In this context, the main objective of this study was to compare and analyze the feasibility of two classification algorithms, K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) and Random Forest (RF), with S2A data for mapping forest cover in the southern regions of Portugal, using tools with a free, open-source, accessible, and easy-to-use interface. Sentinel-2A data from summer 2019 provided 26 independent variables at 10 m spatial resolution for the analysis. Nine object-based LULC categories were distinguished, including five forest species (Quercus suber, Quercus rotundifolia, Eucalyptus spp., Pinus pinaster, and Pinus pinea), and four non-forest classes. Orfeo ToolBox (OTB) proved to be a reliable and powerful tool for the classification process. The best results were achieved using the RF algorithm in all regions, where it reached the highest accuracy values in Alentejo Central region (OA = 92.16% and K = 0.91). The use of open-source tools has enabled high-resolution mapping of forest species in the Mediterranean, democratizing access to research and monitoring.

Objectives: In March/2020, our geriatric outpatient clinic implemented teleconsultation via telephone due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to understand older patients' perceptions of this experience through their narratives. Methods: A qualitative study with Thematic Oral History and thematic analysis. We conducted open-ended interviews in which older patients narrated their perceptions of this experience. Results: Twelve patients were interviewed from December/2021 to January/2022, and 2 themes emerged: older patients' experience of teleconsultation and possibilities and challenges of telemedicine. Some patients did not identify the call as a teleconsultation. Regarding possibilities, patients reported satisfaction and convenience in specific circumstances. As for challenges, patients reported concerns about the effectiveness of communication and need for physical examination. Conclusion: Teleconsultation is well accepted, as long as situations that require face-to-face interactions are considered. Considering person-centered medicine, listening to the narratives of older people contributes to a better structuring of telemedicine services in geriatrics.

The impact of exercise on the levels of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), a marker of endothelial repair and angiogenesis, and circulating endothelial cells (CECs), an indicator of endothelial damage, in heart failure patients is largely unknown. This study aims to evaluate the effects of a single exercise bout on the circulating levels of EPCs and CECs in heart failure patients. Thirteen patients with heart failure underwent a symptom-limited maximal cardiopulmonary exercise test to assess exercise capacity. Before and after exercise testing, blood samples were collected to quantify EPCs and CECs by flow cytometry. The circulating levels of both cells were also compared to the resting levels of 13 volunteers (age-matched group). The maximal exercise bout increased the levels of EPCs by 0.5% [95% Confidence Interval, 0.07 to 0.93%], from 4.2 × 10−3 ± 1.5 × 10−3% to 4.7 × 10−3 ± 1.8 × 10−3% (p = 0.02). No changes were observed in the levels of CECs. At baseline, HF patients presented reduced levels of EPCs compared to the age-matched group (p = 0.03), but the exercise bout enhanced circulating EPCs to a level comparable to the age-matched group (4.7 × 10−3 ± 1.8 × 10−3% vs. 5.4 × 10−3 ± 1.7 × 10−3%, respectively, p = 0.14). An acute bout of exercise improves the potential of endothelial repair and angiogenesis capacity by increasing the circulating levels of EPCs in patients with heart failure.

Doxorubicin (Dox) is a chemotherapeutic agent widely used in the clinic, whose side effects include cardiotoxicity, associated with decreased antioxidant defenses and increased oxidative stress. The association of Dox with natural antioxidants can extend its use if not interfering with its pharmacological potential. In this study, we aimed to understand the effects and mechanisms of the aqueous extract of Acrocomia aculeata leaves (EA-Aa) in cancer cells and the co-treatment with Dox, in in vitro and in vivo models. It was found that EA-Aa showed a relevant decrease in the viability of cancer cells (K562 and MCF-7) and increased apoptosis and death. The Dox cytotoxic effect in co-treatment with EA-Aa was increased in cancer cells. The therapeutic association also promoted a change in cell death, leading to a higher rate of apoptosis compared to the Dox group, which induced necrosis. In addition, in non-cancer cells, EA-Aa enhanced red blood cell (RBC) redox state with lower hemolysis and malondialdehyde (MDA) content and had no in vitro nor in vivo toxicity. Furthermore, EA-Aa showed antioxidant protection against Dox-induced cytotoxicity in H9c2 cells (cardiomyoblast), partially mediated by the NRF2 pathway. In vivo, EA-Aa treatment showed a relevant decrease in MDA levels in the heart, kidney, and brain, evaluated in C57Bl/6 mice induced to cardiotoxicity by Dox. Together, our results proved the effectiveness of EA-Aa in potentiating Dox anticancer effects, with antioxidant and cardioprotective activity, suggesting EA-Aa as a potential Dox pharmacological adjuvant.

Abstract The aim of the present study was to analyze the incidence of fracture of ProDesign Logic system instruments in endodontic treatments performed by a specialist, in addition to identifying the dental group, arch, and the root canal thirds in which the fractures occurred more frequently. Digital radiographs and medical records were initially analyzed and resulted in the selection of 561 teeth (1302 canals) treated between 2018 and 2020, using the ProDesign Logic system instruments. These data were reassessed to determine the occurrence of fractures and identify the dental group and root canal thirds in which they occurred. Then, the data were statistically analyzed using the Fisher’s Exact Test (p

Reversine is a purine derivative that has been investigated with regard to its biological effects, such as its anticancer properties and, mostly, its ability to induce the dedifferentiation of adult cells, increasing their plasticity. The obtained dedifferentiated cells have a high potential for use in regenerative procedures, such as regenerative dentistry (RD). Instead of replacing the lost or damaged oral tissues with synthetic materials, RD uses stem cells combined with matrices and an appropriate microenvironment to achieve tissue regeneration. However, the currently available stem cell sources present limitations, thus restricting the potential of RD. Based on this problem, new sources of stem cells are fundamental. This work aims to characterize mouse gingival fibroblasts (GFs) after dedifferentiation with reversine. Different administration protocols were tested, and the cells obtained were evaluated regarding their cell metabolism, protein and DNA contents, cell cycle changes, morphology, cell death, genotoxicity, and acquisition of stem cell characteristics. Additionally, their teratoma potential was evaluated after in vivo transplantation. Reversine caused toxicity at higher concentrations, with decreased cell metabolic activity and protein content. The cells obtained displayed polyploidy, a cycle arrest in the G2/M phase, and showed an enlarged size. Additionally, apoptosis and genotoxicity were found at higher reversine concentrations. A subpopulation of the GFs possessed stem properties, as supported by the increased expression of CD90, CD105, and TERT, the existence of a CD106+ population, and their trilineage differentiation capacity. The dedifferentiated cells did not induce teratoma formation. The extensive characterization performed shows that significant functional, morphological, and genetic changes occur during the dedifferentiation process. The dedifferentiated cells have some stem-like characteristics, which are of interest for RD.

According to the 2021 European Surveillance of Veterinary Antimicrobial Consumption (ESVAC) report on sales of veterinary antimicrobial agents, the data collected for the 2010–2021 period points to a significative sales reduction in over 2/3 of the countries included. Until now, a reduction in consumption to an average value of 96.6 mg/PCU was achieved in a premise that the average value of 59.2 mg/PCU can be reached by 2030, urging new political strategies for the next years. However, when exploring data from countries individually for the same decade, several shortcomings in data collection are noticed. In fact, mandatory data reporting was not on equal ground between countries, with different data aggregation strategies used and several countries in multiple years recognizing underreporting values. Access to similar tools and methodologies for data collection is crucial for all European members, especially to collect and report consistent, correct, and uniform data. Simultaneously, some gaps are observed in the PCU unit system, excluding some animals such as livestock goats and pets, and being unclear in others like in aquaculture, requiring revision to help it implement the “One Health” approach. Preventive or mitigation actions require a standardized data system allowing trustworthy conclusions and projections. Platforms like the ESVAC database are interesting tools which can be improved and replicated, allowing for the analysis of the different elements of the “One Health” approach such as human and environmental data, as well as data about resistance to antimicrobial agents.

The renewal and sustainability of the forest stands are attained through regeneration. There are three basic methods to regenerate high forest stands: natural regeneration, direct seeding, and planting. This study reviews the factors affecting regeneration, the three methods of regeneration and the effect of stand structure on regeneration. Overall, regeneration success can be quite variable due to edaphic and climatic conditions, seed losses and/or seedling mortality. The silvicultural system is relevant to the choice of the regeneration method. Natural regeneration is used in selection and irregular shelterwood systems whereas direct seeding and planting are used in uniform shelterwood and clear-cut systems. In the former, stand stocking management is primordial to regeneration success while for the latter are species selection, seed predators and spontaneous vegetation control.

Regeneration and recruitment are primordial for stand sustainability. However, natural regeneration is usually only evaluated by density and height, so no details are provided regarding the individual traits of the saplings/seedlings. Hence, the findings of these regeneration studies are of limited selection power in future management. The main goal of this study was to develop a new methodology that enables the evaluation of individual quality traits of regeneration in the early stages of stand development so that their future potential development can be assessed. Natural regeneration (NR) was evaluated in each field plot using the conjugation of two new methods: first using the natural regeneration density (NRD) method and second using the new natural regeneration tree classification (NRTC). NRTC is composed of a set of criteria with categorical variables that allow the evaluation of traits of individuals and their potential for future recruitment. In this classification system, five criteria were used, namely, upper story influence to evaluate the competition of the trees of the upper story cast on the regeneration individuals, crown isolation to characterize the competition between saplings, height as a surrogate of sapling development, diameter as a proxy of growth, and tree habit as a proxy of the habit of saplings. To test both methods, we applied them in a case study of Quercus ilex in the montado agroforestry system in Portugal, where different degrees of crown cover coexist. Our results indicated that in 85% of the plots with a crown cover higher than 30%, we could find good-quality natural regeneration oak saplings suited to be recruited and located outside of the upper story crown projection. Only 15% of the plots with a crown cover higher than 30% were dominated by Cistus ladanifer and had almost no oak saplings. In future, we suggest that the NRTC be used in all NR individuals in the forest inventory when the NR density is less than 200 NR individuals ha−1.

Introdução: Em dezembro de 2019 a Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) foi informada de casos de pneumonia de etiologia desconhecida na cidade de Wuhan, China. Posteriormente foi isolado e identificado um novo Coronavírus – SARS-CoV-2. A 11 de março de 2020 a OMS declarou a pandemia, que implicou, mundialmente, a adoção de um conjunto de medidas urgentes que restringiram direitos e liberdades, potenciando situações de crise, nomedamente na área da saúde. Objetivos: Este estudo pretende avaliar o impacto da Pandemia no acesso aos serviços de saúde, pelos utentes. Metodologia: Realizou-se uma revisão integrativa da literatura, de acordo com a metodologia PICO, cuja colheita de dados foi realizada em abril de 2021, nas bases de dados SciELO, RCAAP, Cochrane Library, LILACS, PubMed, com as seguintes palavras-chave: Pandemia; Acesso aos Serviços de Saúde. Definiram-se como critérios de inclusão artigos publicados e indexados nas bases de dados científicas,entre março de 2020 eabril de 2021,acesso integral ao documento, artigos referentes a estudos quantitativos/qualitativos que retratassem a temática pertinente ao objetivo do trabalho e que respondesse à questão orientadora e artigos em português, inglês e espanhol. E como critérios de exclusão artigos quantitativos/qualitativos que não abordassem a temática, artigos que não respondessem à questão orientadora e se distanciassem do tema e artigos de RIL, dissertações de mestrado ou teses de doutoramento. Foram encontrados 284 artigos, tendo sido selecionados, após verificação dos critérios de inclusão e de exclusão 3 artigos. Resultados: A análise dos artigos incluídos no estudo permitiu abordar o impacto das medidas restritivas, suscitadas pela Pandemia, no acesso aos cuidados de saúde. Conclusão: A Pandemia por Sars-Cov-2 trouxe implicações no acesso aos cuidados de saúde, verificando-se a suspensão de tratamentos, consultas e cirurgias, com priorização de situações de urgência e emergência, potenciando situações de morbimortalidade por doenças evitáveis e tratáveis.

Este artigo foi desenvolvido a partir de estudos bibliográficos sobre o conceito de experiência em Dewey promovendo uma articulação com a formação docente em uma perspectiva crítica do processo de construção do desenvolvimento da docência. A investigação do conceito de experiência deweyano é central para discutirmos as ações de formação que partam da singularidade dos professores. A construção do conceito de experiência e as relações com a construção da prática pedagógica docente nos permitem refletir sobre a formação dos professores, a partir de uma compreensão em que a experiência não comporta dicotomias, mas agrega dialeticamente a prática e a teoria que se compõem num processo permanente. Fazemos recortes sobre os aspectos teóricos de algumas obras de John Dewey e sua contribuição para refletirmos sobre a construção da prática pedagógica a partir do conceito de experiência objetivando o debate sobre o fortalecimento da prática pedagógica docente.

Glioblastoma (GB) is the most malignant and frequent primary tumor of the central nervous system. The lack of diagnostic tools and the poor prognosis associated with this tumor type leads to restricted and limited options of treatment, namely surgical resection and radio-chemotherapy. However, despite these treatments, in almost all cases, patients experience relapse, leading to survival rates shorter than 5 years (∼15–18 months after diagnosis). Novel therapeutic approaches are urgently required (either by discovering new medicines or by repurposing drugs) to surpass the limitations of conventional treatments and improve patients’ survival rate and quality of life. In the present work, we investigated the antitumor potential of parvifloron D (ParvD), a drug lead of natural origin, in a GB cell line panel. This natural drug lead induced G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis via activation of the intrinsic mitochondria-dependent pathway. Moreover, the necessary doses of ParvD to induce pronounced inhibitory effects were substantially lower than that of temozolomide (TMZ, first-line treatment) required to promote comparable effects. Therefore, ParvD may have the potential to overcome the resistance related to TMZ and contribute to the pursuit of hopeful treatments based on ParvD as a drug lead for future chemotherapeutics.

Introdução: Náuseas e vômitos induzidos por quimioterapia acometem cerca de 70-80% dos pacientes com câncer. Assim, é importante a utilização de um instrumento para avaliar melhor esses sintomas, visando a um tratamento mais adequado. Objetivo: Traduzir e adaptar culturalmente a escala Morrow Assessment of Nausea and Emesis para o contexto brasileiro. Método: Estudo correlacional do tipo survey, com tradução e adaptação cultural da escala segundo o protocolo da European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer – Quality of Life Group (EORTC-QLG). A amostra foi constituída por 160 pacientes em tratamento quimioterápico em uma clínica de oncologia. No processo de validação, realizaram-se análises de correlação multimétodos entre os itens da escala Morrow Assessment of Nausea and Emesis e os escores das escalas visuais numéricas de náusea e vômito com nível de p

Introdução: A insegurança alimentar é um problema complexo, multifatorial e uma grande preocupação no âmbito da saúde pública que tem sido drasticamente potenciada pela resposta social e económica associada à pandemia COVID- 19. Esta condição está associada a efeitos prejudiciais à saúde devido a situações como a ingestão alimentar inadequada e consequente surgimento de doenças crónicas, problemas de saúde mental, entre outros. Em particular, nas crianças, esta condição pode levar ao aparecimento de deficiências alimentares que limitam o seu desenvolvimento físico e cognitivo. Desta forma, pessoas com esta condição têm tendência a usar frequentemente o sistema de saúde, com um aumento consequente nas despesas nacionais de saúde. De forma a combater a pobreza e a exclusão social em Portugal, surge o Programa Operacional de Apoio às Pessoas Mais Carenciadas (POAPMC), que pretende através de apoio alimentar e/ou de bens de primeira necessidade e medidas de acompanhamento, potenciar a inclusão social das pessoas carenciadas. Os destinatários finais deste programa são aqueles que se encontrem em carência económica, isto é, numa situação de risco de exclusão social, por razões conjunturais ou estruturais, e cuja capitação seja inferior ao valor da pensão social, atualizado anualmente, por referência ao indexante dos apoios sociais. Objetivo: Diagnosticar a situação de segurança alimentar em agregados familiares apoiados pelo POAPMC. Métodos: Desenvolveu-se um estudo transversal, observacional e quantitativo baseado numa amostra de 71 pessoas beneficiárias do POAPMC. Foi aplicada uma escala relativa à situação de segurança alimentar composta por 14 questões fechadas, referentes aos últimos 3 meses. Para o tratamento estatístico dos dados recolhidos foi utilizado o programa IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) versão 27.0 para Windows. Foi feito o estudo descritivo dos dados, tendo-se calculado frequências absolutas e relativas para variáveis qualitativas. Resultados: A maioria dos individuos são do género feminino (69,0%) e tem idades compreendidas entre os 18 e os 64 anos (91,5%). A insegurança alimentar verificou-se em 74,6% dos inquiridos, 14,1% na forma grave, 22,5% moderada e 38,0% ligeira. Constatou-se, ainda, que 25,4% dos agregados familiares do POAPMC estão em segurança alimentar. Conclusões: A maioria da amostra de beneficiários apesar de serem apoiados pelo POAPMC encontram-se em situação de insegurança alimentar, nomeadamente numa situação ligeira de insegurança alimentar. Estes resultados demonstram que, se os beneficiários não fossem apoiados pelo POAPMC, possivelmente estariam em situações mais graves de insegurança alimentar, sendo necessário continuar a criar medidas que possibilitem a todos os indivíduos atingir a condição de segurança alimentar.

Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) facilitates folding and stability and prevents the degradation of multiple client proteins. One of these HSP90 clients is BCR-ABL, the oncoprotein characteristic of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and the target of tyrosine kinase inhibitors, such as imatinib. Alvespimycin is an HSP90 inhibitor with better pharmacokinetic properties and fewer side effects than other similar drugs, but its role in overcoming imatinib resistance is not yet clarified. This work studied the therapeutic potential of alvespimycin in imatinib-sensitive (K562) and imatinib-resistant (K562-RC and K562-RD) CML cell lines. Metabolic activity was determined by the resazurin assay. Cell death, caspase activity, mitochondrial membrane potential, and cell cycle were evaluated by means of flow cytometry. Cell death was also analyzed by optical microscopy. HSPs expression levels were assessed by western blotting. Alvespimycin reduced metabolic activity in a time-, dose-, and cell line-dependent manner. Resistant cells were more sensitive to alvespimycin with an IC50 of 31 nM for K562-RC and 44 nM for K562-RD, compared to 50 nM for K562. This drug induced apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway. In K562 cells, alvespimycin induced cell cycle arrest in G0/G1. As a marker of HSP90 inhibition, a significant increase in HSP70 expression was observed. Our results suggest that alvespimycin might be a new therapeutic approach to CML treatment, even in cases of resistance to imatinib.

Pain is one of the most frequent health problems, and its evaluation and therapeutic approach largely depend on patient self-report. When it is not possible to obtain a self-report, the therapeutic decision becomes more difficult and limited. This study aims to evaluate whether some membrane platelet proteins could be of value in pain characterization. To achieve this goal, we used 53 blood samples obtained from palliative patients, 44 with non-oncological pain and nine without pain. We observed in patients with pain a decrease in the percentage of platelets expressing CD36, CD49f, and CD61 and in the expression levels of CD49f and CD61 when compared with patients without pain. Besides that, an increase in the percentage of platelets expressing CD62p was observed in patients with pain. These results suggest that the levels of these platelet cluster differentiations (CDs) could have some value as pain biomarkers objectively since they are not dependent on the patient’s participation. Likewise, CD40 seems to have some importance as a biomarker of moderate and/or severe pain. The identification of pain biomarkers such as CD40, CD49f, CD62p and CD61 can lead to an adjustment of the therapeutic strategy, contributing to a faster and more adequate control of pain and reduction in patient-associated suffering.

Lavandula pedunculata (Mill.) Cav., Mentha cervina L. and Thymus mastichina (L.) L. subsp. mastichina are representative species of the Côa Valley’s flora, a Portuguese UNESCO World Heritage Site. L. pedunculata and T. mastichina are traditionally used to preserve olives and to aromatize bonfires on Saint John’s Eve, while M. cervina is mainly used as a spice for river fish dishes. Despite their traditional uses, these aromatic plants are still undervalued, and literature regarding their bioactivity, especially anticancer, is scarce. In this work, the morphology of secretory structures was assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the composition of essential oils (EOs) was characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The study proceeded with cytotoxic evaluation of EOs in tumor and non-tumor cells with the cell death mechanism explored in glioblastoma (GB) cells. L. pedunculata EO presented the most pronounced cytotoxic/antiproliferative activity against tumor cells, with moderate cytotoxicity against non-tumor cells. Whereas, M. cervina EO exhibited a slightly lower cytotoxic effect against tumor cells and did not affect the viability of non-tumor cells. Meanwhile, T. mastichina EO did not induce a strong cytotoxic effect against GB cells. L. pedunculata and M. cervina EOs lead to cell death by inducing apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. The present study suggests that L. pedunculata and M. cervina EOs have a strong cytotoxic and antiproliferative potential to be further studied as efficient antitumor agents.

Landscape evaluation and monitoring enable us to understand the interactions between its components and the effects of disturbances (whether they are natural or artificial) in its dynamics. Forests have a wide variability and diversity, and their analysis at the landscape level allows us to evaluate its spatial distribution pattern. This study focused on the analysis of the landscape spatial variability of forest species with data derived from remote sensing and landscape metrics of a case study in Alto Alentejo, Portugal. Sentinel-2 satellite images were used to produce a land use and land cover map with a random forest classification algorithm, where the bands, vegetation and texture indices were the explanatory variables. The obtained land use/cover map has classified five forest classes and one non-forest class. The map was used to evaluate the diversity with eleven composition and configuration landscape diversity metrics for Alto Alentejo and for four sub-regions delimited according to their edaphic-climatic characteristics. The results showed that the land use/cover map had a good precision (a global precision of 89% and a kappa of 86%) and that both Alto Alentejo and its sub-regions had high forest diversity both in composition and configuration.

Este artigo é parte de uma pesquisa de Estágio Pós Doutoral realizada no Programa Educação: Currículo da Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo que estuda as parcerias público-privadas nas formações dos professores da rede estadual paulista. Objetiva analisar quais as parcerias de formação estabelecidas entre a Coordenadoria da Escola de Formação e Aperfeiçoamento de Professores – Paulo Renato Costa Souza (EFAPE) e as instituições privadas nos anos de 2018 e 2019. Recorre a abordagem qualitativa empregando a pesquisa bibliográfica e análise documental. O corpo teórico embasa-se em Hernandez, Laval, Freire e Feldmann. Os resultados apontam um número crescente de parcerias entre a rede pública e instituições privadas. A racionalidade neoliberal que permeia o campo da Educação e, mais especificamente, da Formação Docente fica confirmada, exigindo, do poder público, a criação de projetos colaborativos que incluam a garantia de princípios formadores emancipatórios e críticos fortalecendo a autonomia da rede pública de ensino.

Abstract Background Tumor cells have evolved complex strategies to escape immune surveillance, a process which involves NK cells and T lymphocytes, and various immunological factors. Indeed, tumor cells recruit immunosuppressive cells [including regulatory T-cells (Treg), myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC)] and express factors such as PD-L1. Molecularly targeted therapies, such as imatinib, have off-target effects that may influence immune function. Imatinib has been shown to modulate multiple cell types involved in anti-cancer immune surveillance, with potentially detrimental or favorable outcomes. Imatinib and other tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) have dramatically changed disease course. Our study aimed to characterize the different populations of the immune system in patients with CML affected by their treatment. Methods Forty-one patients with CML [33 treated with TKIs and 8 with TKIs plus interferon (IFN)-α] and 20 controls were enrolled in the present study. Peripheral blood populations of the immune system [referred to as the overview of immune system (OVIS) panel, Treg cells and MDSCs] and PD-1 expression were evaluated by flow cytometry. The immunological profile was assessed using the mRNA Pan-Cancer Immune Profiling Panel and a NanoString nCounter FLEX platform. Results Patients receiving combination therapy (TKIs + IFN-α) had lower numbers of lymphocytes, particularly T cells [838/µL (95% CI 594–1182)] compared with healthy controls [1500/µL (95% CI 1207 – 1865), p = 0.017]. These patients also had a higher percentage of Treg (9.1%) and CD4+PD-1+ cells (1.65%) compared with controls [Treg (6.1%) and CD4+/PD-1+(0.8%); p ≤ 0.05]. Moreover, patients treated with TKIs had more Mo-MDSCs (12.7%) whereas those treated with TKIs + IFN-α had more Gr-MDSC (21.3%) compared to controls [Mo-MDSC (11.4%) and Gr-MDSC (8.48%); p ≤ 0.05]. CD56bright NK cells, a cell subset endowed with immune-regulatory properties, were increased in patients receiving TKIs plus IFN-α compared with those treated with TKIs alone. Interestingly, serum IL-21 was significantly lower in the TKIs plus IFN-α cohort. Within the group of patients treated with TKI monotherapy, we observed that individuals receiving 2nd generation TKIs had lower percentages of CD4+ Treg (3.63%) and Gr-MDSC (4.2%) compared to patients under imatinib treatment (CD4+ Treg 6.18% and Gr-MDSC 8.2%), but higher levels of PD-1-co-expressing CD4+ cells (1.92%). Conclusions Our results suggest that TKIs in combination with IFN-α may promote an enhanced immune suppressive state.

The hepatocellular carcinoma, a primary malignancy of the liver, has a very poor prognosis and a lower survival rate. Moreover, the inefficacy of conventional therapies emphasizes the importance of discovering new bioactive compounds. Several studies clearly state that plant-derived polyphenols, namely ellagitannins, have several health benefits. Fragaria vesca leaves contain high amounts of polyphenols, being especially rich in ellagitannins. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize an ellagitannin-enriched fraction (EEF) from F. vesca leaves and to unveil the anticancer potential of this fraction on human hepatocellular carcinoma cells.The analysis of EEF by HPLC-PDA-ESI/MSn allowed the detection of 12 ellagitannins. The cell viability of both EEF and crude extract was determined after 24 h of cells treatment and the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was evaluated. The IC50 of the EEF (113 μg/mL) was about 6 times lower than the IC50 of the crude extract (690 μg/mL). Furthermore, EEF induced cell cycle arrest at G2/M checkpoint and decreased cell proliferation in a dose-dependent way. This fraction also induced an accumulation of LC3-II protein through blockage of autophagic flux, and inhibited chymotrypsin-like activity of 26S proteasome. These results showed, for the first time, that EEF from F. vesca leaves inhibits both, autophagic and ubiquitin-proteasome system pathways, two main intracellular protein degradation systems that are targets for anticancer therapies. Additionally, a proteomic analysis allowed the identification of 914 proteins, among which 133 were modulated after cells treatment with EEF, most of them related to metabolic pathways. Overall, this study shows that the EEF from F. vesca leaves decreased cell proliferation, inhibited the proteolytic mechanisms and modulated the metabolic pathways of the cell. Additionally this study points out F. vesca as a source of valuable molecules with anticancer potential, suggesting that ellagitannins, the polyphenols identified in this fraction, could be useful in the development of new fine-tuned therapeutic strategies against carcinogenesis. Keywords: Cancer, HepG2, Proteolytic pathways, Proteome, Cell proliferation, Cell cycle

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is one of the most common hematological malignancies at pediatric ages and is characterized by different chromosomal rearrangements and genetic abnormalities involved in the differentiation and proliferation of lymphoid precursor cells. Brusatol is a quassinoid plant extract extensively studied due to its antineoplastic effect through global protein synthesis and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2 (NRF2) signaling inhibition. NRF2 is the main regulator of cellular antioxidant response and reactive oxygen species (ROS), which plays an important role in oxidative stress regulation. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of brusatol in in vitro models of ALL. KOPN-8 (B-ALL), CEM (T-ALL), and MOLT-4 (T-ALL) cell lines were incubated with increasing concentrations of brusatol, and the metabolic activity was evaluated using the resazurin assay. Flow cytometry was used to evaluate cell death, cell cycle, mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψmit), and to measure ROS and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels. Our results show that brusatol promoted a decrease in metabolic activity in ALL cell lines in a time-, dose-, and cell-line-dependent manner. Brusatol induced a cytostatic effect by cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 in all cell lines; however, cell death mediated by apoptosis was only observed in T-ALL cells. Brusatol leads to an oxidative stress imbalance by the increase in ROS levels, namely, superoxide anion. Redox imbalance and cellular apoptosis induced by brusatol are highly modulated by mitochondria disruption as a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential is detected. These data suggest that brusatol might represent a new therapeutic approach for acute lymphoblastic leukemia, particularly for ALL T-cell lineage.

Oxidative stress has been implicated in the development of several types of cancer, including myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), as well as in the resistance to treatment. In this work, we assessed the potential of oxidative stress parameters to predict the response to erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) in lower-risk MDS patients. To this end, we analyzed the systemic levels of reactive species (peroxides and NO), antioxidant defenses (uric acid, vitamin E, vitamin A, GSH, GSSG, TAS, as well as GPX and GR activities], and oxidative damage (8-OH-dG and MDA) in 66 MDS patients, from those 44 have been treated with ESA. We also calculated the peroxides/TAS and NO/TAS ratios and analyzed the gene expression of levels of the redox regulators, NFE2L2 and KEAP1. We found that patients that respond to ESA treatment showed lower levels of plasma peroxides (p < 0.001), cellular GSH (p < 0.001), and cellular GR activity (p = 0.001) when compared to patients who did not respond to ESA treatment. ESA responders also showed lower levels of peroxides/TAS ratio (p < 0.001) and higher levels of the expression of the NFE2L2 gene (p = 0.001) than those that did not respond to ESA treatment. The levels of plasmatic peroxides shown to be the most accurate biomarker of ESA response, with good sensitivity (80%) and specificity (100%) and is an independent biomarker associated with therapy response. Overall, the present study demonstrated a correlation between oxidative stress levels and the response to ESA treatment in lower-risk MDS patients, with the plasmatic peroxides levels a good predictive biomarker of drug (ESA) response.

Modelling is essential in forest management as it enables the prediction of productions and yields, and to develop and test alternative models of silviculture. The allometry of trees depends on a set of factors, which include species, stand structure, density and site. Several mathematical methods and techniques can be used to model the individual tree allometry. The variability of tree allometry results in a wide range of functions to predict diameter at breast height, total height and volume. The first functions were developed for pure even-aged stands from crown closure up to the end of the production cycle. However, those models originated biased predictions when used in mixed, uneven-aged, young or older stands and in different sites. Additionally, some modelling methods attain better performances than others. This review highlights the importance of species, stand structure and modelling methods and techniques in the accuracy and precision of the predictions of diameter at breast height, total height and volume.

Multidrug resistance (MDR) development has emerged as a complication that compromises the success of several chemotherapeutic agents. In chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), imatinib resistance has been associated with changes in BCR-ABL1 and intracellular drug concentration, controlled by SLC and ABC transporters. We evaluate the therapeutic potential of a P-glycoprotein and BCRP inhibitor, elacridar, in sensitive (K562 and LAMA-84) and imatinib-resistant (K562-RC and K562-RD) CML cell lines as monotherapy and combined with imatinib. Cell viability was analyzed by resazurin assay. Drug transporter activity, cell death, cell proliferation rate, and cell cycle distribution were analyzed by flow cytometry. Both resistant models presented an increased activity of BCRP and P-gP compared to K562 cells. Elacridar as monotherapy did not reach IC50 in any CML models but activated apoptosis without cytostatic effect. Nevertheless, the association of elacridar (250 nM) with imatinib overcomes resistance, re-sensitizing K562-RC and K562-RD cells with five and ten times lower imatinib concentrations, respectively. Drug combination induced apoptosis with increased cleaved-caspases-3, cleaved-PARP and DNA damage, reduced cell proliferation rate, and arrested CML cells in the S phase. These data suggest that elacridar combined with imatinib might represent a new therapeutic option for overcoming TKI resistance involving efflux transporters.

Enquadrado numa experiência pedagógica, estudantes do primeiro ano do Mestrado Profissionalizante em Educação Básica, baseados em livros infantis, organizaram atividades pedagógicas, diversificadas e lúdicas para crianças/alunos explorarem de acordo com a faixa etária a que pertencem, numa perspetiva transdisciplinar de aprendizagens significativas. O Projeto decorreu durante o segundo semestre do ano letivo 2019/2020 em modalidade online devido à pandemia da Covid-19. O objetivo foi a criação de um caderno digital com recursos didáticos para serem explorados pelos encarregados de educação e pela população em geral, interessada em atividades lúdicas como reforço e incentivo à prática e exploração das diversas aprendizagens. Cada atividade é rica não só em conteúdos educativos, como em dimensões pedagógicas, didáticas e de formação de pessoas conscientes do seu património cultural. Esta experiência criou exemplos de isomorfismo pedagógico e de criação de uma comunidade de aprendizagem.

It is widely accepted that exercise training has beneficial effects on vascular health. Although a dose-dependent relation has been suggested, little is known about the effects of different exercise durations on endothelial markers. This study aimed to assess the effect of single exercise sessions with different durations in the circulating levels of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and endothelial cells (CECs) among adults with cardiovascular risk factors. Ten participants performed two multicomponent exercise sessions, one week apart, lasting 30 and 45 min (main exercise phase). Before and after each exercise session, blood samples were collected to quantify EPCs and CECs by flow cytometry. The change in EPCs was significantly different between sessions by 3.0% (95% CI: 1.3 to 4.7), being increased by 1.8 ± 1.7% (p = 0.009) in the 30 min session vs. −1.2 ± 2.0% (p > 0.05) in the 45 min session. No significant change was observed in CECs [−2.0%, 95%CI: (−4.1 to 0.2)] between the sessions. In conclusion, a multicomponent exercise session of 30 min promotes an acute increase in the circulating levels of EPCs without increasing endothelial damage (measured by the levels of CECs) among adults with cardiovascular risk factors.

The estimation of vegetation parameters, such as above-ground biomass, with high accuracy using remote sensing data, represents a promising approach. The present study develops models to estimate and map above-ground biomass of Mediterranean Quercus rotundifolia stands using one QuickBird satellite image in pan-sharpened mode, with four multispectral bands (blue, green, red and near infrared) and a spatial resolution of 0.70 m. The satellite image was orthorectified, geometrically and radiometrically corrected. Object-oriented classification methods and multi-resolution segmentation were used to derive a vegetation mask per forest species. Data from forest inventory (24 plots) and vegetation indices (NDVI, EVI, SR and SAVI) derived from high spatial resolution satellite images were used for an area of 133 km2, in southern Portugal. The statistical analysis included correlation, variance analysis and linear regression. The linear regression models fitted included the arithmetic mean and the median values of the vegetation indices per inventory plot as explanatory variables. The overall results of the fitted models show a trend of better performance for those with the median value of the vegetation index as the explanatory variable. The best fitted model (R2 = 75.3) was associated with the Simple Ratio (SR) median value as an explanatory variable. A Quercus rotundifolia above-ground biomass map was produced.

The aim of this study was to fit functions to estimate with data derived from high spatial resolution satellite images, the total biomass of Eucalyptus at local and regional scale. For this purpose, models were fit combining values of biomass estimated from forest inventory plots and vegetation indices based on Pléiades images. The function with which presented the best performance in the estimation of the total biomass, was the one that used as an independent variable the IV-SAVI, presenting a coefficient of determination (R2) of 64.6%, however without great difference for the NDVI and SR. The fit functions can be used in other regions for the same species, and similar climate and local characteristics. This approach can be used as a low cost tool to produce estimations of biomass at local and regional level.

Abstract Purpose: To investigate the inflammatory and redox responses to teduglutide on an animal model of laparotomy and intestinal anastomosis. Methods: Wistar rats (n=62) were allocated into four groups: “Ileal Resection and Anastomosis” vs. “Laparotomy”, each one split into “Postoperative Teduglutide Administration” vs. “No Treatment”; and euthanized at the third or the seventh day. Ileal and blood samples were recovered at the baseline and at the euthanasia. Flow cytometry was used to study the inflammatory response (IL-1α, MCP-1, TNF-α, IFN-γ and IL-4 levels), oxidative stress (cytosolic peroxides, mitochondrial reactive species, intracellular glutathione and mitochondrial membrane potential) and cellular viability and death (annexin V/propidium iodide double staining). Results: Postoperative teduglutide treatment was associated with higher cellular viability index and lower early apoptosis ratio at the seventh day; higher cytosolic peroxides level at the third day and mitochondrial overgeneration of reactive species at the seventh day; higher tissue concentration of IL-4 and lower local pro-to-anti-inflammatory cytokines ratio at the seventh day. Conclusion: Those findings suggest an intestinal pro-oxidative and anti-inflammatory influence of teduglutide on the peri-operative context with a potential interference in the intestinal anastomotic healing.

Theobroma grandiflorum is an important fruit tree from Sterculiaceae family, native to the Brazilian Amazon, known in the region as cupuaçu. The seeds have a high fat content (24%) with characteristics that resemble those of cocoa (Theobroma cacao) butter with potential applications in the cosmetic, pharmaceutical and food industries. The main objective of this work was to explore the seed fats from T. grandiflorum that were analyzed for fatty acid composition by Gas Chromatography with Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID) and to analyze their activity for acetylcholinesterase inhibition. Chromatographic analysis provided detection of nine fatty acids. The major fatty acids found in the species were oleic (40.0%), stearic (32.7%), arachidic (10.4%) and palmitic (8.0%). The acetylcholinesterase inhibition by fats from seeds was over 40.48%. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17807/orbital.v0i0.894

Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction have been associated with the age-related decline of oocyte quality and strategies for their prevention are currently quested. Urolithin A (UA) is a natural metabolite with pro-apoptotic and antioxidant effects, capable of preventing the accumulation of dysfunctional mitochondria in different aged cells. UA has never been tested in bovine oocytes. Our aim was to study the effect of UA on the developmental potential of cumulus-oocyte-complexes (COCs) and granulosa cells’ (GCs) expression of important genes related to reproductive competence. Nuclear maturation progression, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and developmental competence of physiologically mature (22 h) and in vitro aged oocytes (30 h of IVM) obtained from prepubertal and adult females, either supplemented with UA or not were assessed. Additionally, the amount of mRNA of several genes (NFE2L2, NQO1, and mt-DN5) and the number of mt-ND5 DNA copies were quantified in cultured GCs from prepubertal and adult females, either supplemented with UA or not. Our study confirmed the harmful effect of oocyte aging on the nuclear maturation progression, MMP, developmental competence and gene expression levels. UA treatment during in vitro maturation enhanced (p < 0.05) the maturation rate and subsequent developmental capacity of aged oocytes. A positive effect (p < 0.05) of UA on physiological maturation, MMP and embryonic development was also identified. UA also interfered on the expression profile of NFE2L2 and NQO1 genes in GCs cultures. Our findings demonstrate that UA supplementation is an effective way to prevent oocyte aging and improves the subsequent bovine embryonic development.

The inajá (Maximiliana maripa) is a palm from Arecaceae family. The inajá distribution occurs from Amazon to the west-central of South America. The inajá has edible parts: the palm heart and oils obtained from pulp and seed. The aims of this study were to verify the fatty acid profile from pulp oil by GC-FID and analyzing acetylcholinesterase inhibition by inajá pulp oil. Chromatographic analysis provided eleven fatty acids. The major unsaturated fatty acids are oleic (22.32%), linoleic (4.72%) and linolenic acids (3.95%). The major saturated fatty acids are palmitic (20.76%), myristic (20.48%) and lauric acids (17.42%). The acetylcholinesterase inhibition by inajá oil pulp was over 63.76%. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17807/orbital.v7i4.769

The sealers used for root canal treatment should be biocompatible for the peri-radicular tissues, to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of GuttaFlow® bioseal sealer and to compare them with AH26® epoxy resin. Culture media were conditioned with the GuttaFlow® bioseal and AH26® pellets. MDPC-23 odontoblast cell cultures were treated with conditioned medium and serial dilutions. To evaluate the metabolic activity and cellular viability, the MTT and SRB assays were performed. To determine the production of reactive oxygen species, the DHE and DCF-DA probes were used. Cell cycle and cell-death types were assessed by cytometry, and to evaluate the mineralization capacity, the Alizarin Red S coloration was used. Statistical analysis was performed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) when normality was found and Kruskal-Wallis on the opposite case. For the comparison with normality values, the Student t-test was used. Cells exposed to the GuttaFlow® bioseal conditioned medium maintained high metabolic activities, except at higher concentrations. Likewise, viability was maintained, but a significant decrease was observed after exposure to the highest concentration (p < 0.001), associated with cell death by late apoptosis and necrosis. When cell cultures were exposed to AH26®, metabolic activity was highly compromised, resulting in cell death. An imbalance in the production of peroxides and superoxide anion was observed. GuttaFlow® bioseal showed higher biocompatibility than AH26®.

The special section includes selected presentations given at the World Congress Silvo-Pastoral Systems 2016 , held in Universidade de Évora, Portugal from 27th to 30th September, 2016, in the frame of the working group “Forest management and modeling: silviculture, tree management and planning”. The aim of this special section is to give a comprehensive view of latest research developed in the frame of planning and management of agro-silvo-pastoral systems in several countries, with a climate characterized by two seasons, respectively dry and wet, and thus with drought as a limiting factor.

Analisam-se as facilidades e as barreiras de acesso das mulheres usuárias do SUS-DF aos serviços de pré-natal e de parto na Rede de Atenção Materna e Infantil em uma Região de Saúde. Objetivos: Mapear o fluxo assistencial das mulheres nos serviços de pré-natal e parto da Região Sudoeste de Saúde; analisar as potencialidades e as limitações de acesso das gestantes egressas das duas maternidades locais. Método: Pesquisa descritiva e exploratória de abordagem qualitativa. Entrevista com 30 mulheres na fase puerperal. Análise estatística descritiva, análise de conteúdo e aplicação do fluxograma analisador. Resultados: As mulheres realizaram seis ou mais consultas de pré-natal e os exames de rastreamento de risco. Poucas são orientadas sobre o local onde vão parir e o início do trabalho de parto. O deslocamento até a maternidade é precário e ocorre peregrinação antes do parto. Há desarticulação entre os pontos de atenção, deficiências na qualidade da atenção ao parto e práticas profissionais sem consonância com as recomendações internacionais. Conclusão: O acesso das mulheres é facilitado para os serviços de pré-natal, mas elas enfrentam dificuldades no recebimento de exames, na vinculação aos serviços e na atenção recebida no momento do parto.

The Andiroba belongs to the botanical family Meliaceae, found in the Amazon mainly two varieties, Carapa guianensis and C. procera. They are species with large logging utility and extracted oil has many uses, especially in lighting, such as healing use, insecticide and anti-inflammatory. In this paper the physico-chemical properties of oil of C. guianensis in São João da Beacon, Roraima through calculations from 1H NMR spectrum using the computer program PROTÓLEOS properties are studied by ESI-MS technique to determine the constituents of said oil are linolenic acid (9.99%), linoleic acid (13.14%), oleic acid (47.32%), unsaturated (70.45%) fatty acid and saturated fatty acids (29.55%). The extracted oil of andiroba oil has a yield of 67.03% being the physicochemical properties of the oil as follows: 48.4 mg I2 / g of iodine; 161.67 mg KOH / g of saponification; 1.84% of acid; 1004.02 g / mol average molecular weight; 159.83 mg KOH / g of ester value; 98.87% percent of ester and 0.9166 g / cm3 for the density at 25 ° C. Constituents determined by ESI-MS include: 1,1'-methyl-2,2'-dicarboxylate diantraquinona, dimethyl pirofosfatosantoninate, 2,4,6-tris- (3,5-di-butyl-4-tec -hidroxibencil) styrene, (2,3,7,8,12,13,17,18-octanoilporfirinate) -Mg (II).

Two new members of the family of bilayer compounds (CNB-EDT-TTF)4X, (CNB-EDT-TTF = 5-cyanobenzene-ethylenedithio-tetrathiafulvalene) with anions X = ReO4− and SbF6− are reported, their electron transport and optical properties investigated, and then compared to the ClO4− salt that was previously described. These compounds share the same structural type, i.e. bilayers of donors, which are packed in a β”-type pattern and then separated by layers of highly disordered anions. The absolute values of the electrical resistivity measured in single crystals within the layers were found in the range of 5 to 18 (cm)−1, with a significantly sample dependence being ascribed to intrinsic disorder effects. The ClO4− and SbF6− salts exhibit metallic behavior with the resistivity decreasing upon cooling almost linearly with temperature until a broad minimum is reached between 15 and 80 K, depending on crystal quality; this is followed by an upturn of resistivity reaching values at T = 1.5 K that were comparable to those attained at room temperature. The electrical resistivity of the ReO4− salt follows a thermally activated behavior already at T = 300 K, although with a small activation energy in the range 16−18 meV. Thermoelectric power measurements yield large positive values (75−80 µV/K) at ambient temperature with a metallic behavior that is identical for all compounds. Temperature and polarization dependent infrared reflection measurements on single crystals of (CNB-EDT-TTF)4X salts, with X = ClO4−, ReO4−, and SbF6−, have been performed to obtain the optical conductivity and analyze the electronic and vibrational properties. For (CNB-EDT-TTF)4ClO4 the molecular vibrations exhibit a significant variation below T = 23 K, which suggests a charge localization phenomena.

PURPOSE: To investigate the impact of selective hepatic artery clamping (SHAC) in hepatocellular function. METHODS: Three groups of Wistar male rats were subjected to SHAC ischemia period of 60min: Group A continuous SHAC were subjected to SHAC ischemia period of 60min, Group B intermittent SHAC of 30min with 5min of reperfusion and Group C intermittent SHAC of 15min with 5min of reperfusion. Animals without SHAC were included-Group D. To evaluate hepatocellular function blood markers and hepatic extraction function (HEF) using 99mTc-mebrofenin were performed before and after surgery. Flow cytometry was used to analyze oxidative stress and cell viability. RESULTS: A mortality rate of 7.6% in Group A was observed. HEF maintained normal values between the groups. Flow cytometry demonstrated no significant differences between the groups in viability, type of cell death as well as in the production of reactive oxygen species. CONCLUSIONS: The selective hepatic artery clamping compared to other clamping techniques results on increased cell viability and decreased hepatocyte death. The SHAC is a potential alternative to decrease per-operative bleeding while maintaining hepatocellular function.

O presente artigo apresenta reflexões e discussões sobre a importância e o papel do estágio curricular na formação prática de alunos do curso de licenciatura em Ciências Biológicas. A partir da análise do estágio curricular dos acadêmicos do 7º e 9º período, foram identificados os aspectos favoráveis e desfavoráveis e formuladas sugestões que visam melhorar a qualidade do mesmo. A pesquisa acerca da realidade e dos problemas do estágio supervisionado foi realizada por meio de análise documental (diário de campo e narrativas) e questionários. Com auxílio da literatura especializada, conseguimos aprofundar a compreensão dos mecanismos de articulação entre teoria e prática no cotidiano escolar, o que poderá contribuir para a construção de um currículo mais coerente com a realidade da sala de aula da Educação Básica.