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1. Exploring Energy Poverty in Urban and Rural Contexts in the Era of Climate Change: A Comparative Analysis of European Countries and Israel

Author: Dušana Dokupilová, Ana Stojilovska, Pedro Palma, João Pedro Gouveia, Eleftheria G. Paschalidou, Roberto Barrella, Marielle Feenstra, Ana Horta, Carmen Sánchez-Guevara, József Kádár, Majda Tesanovic, Nikolaos S. Thomaidis, and Tareq Abu Hamed
Subjects: winter energy poverty, rural–urban divide, buildings, socioeconomic factors, impacts of climate change, Technology
Abstract: This article examines the multidimensional problem of energy poverty, focusing on its connections to climate change and its manifestation at rural and urban scales across selected European countries and Israel. The study examined 31 locations in eight countries with diverse geographical and economic backgrounds: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Greece, North Macedonia, The Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Slovakia, and Israel. The article aims to understand how winter energy vulnerability in rural and urban locations in these countries could be identified using selected energy poverty indicators and how it evolves under the influence of climate change. A set of sociodemographic, infrastructural, and economic variables, combined with climate analysis, were selected and assessed for their impact on energy poverty. We found that energy poverty in most countries depends significantly on location and regional development. Due to a combination of factors influencing energy poverty, rural households tend to be more vulnerable. Furthermore, climate change consequences will likely leave rural areas more likely to experience energy poverty in the future.
Published: 2024
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2. Using spatial analysis to examine inequalities and temporal trends in food retail accessibility

Author: Cindy Needham, Claudia Strugnell, Liliana Orellana, Steven Allender, Gary Sacks, Miranda R Blake, and Ana Horta
Subjects: Food retail, Food environment, Health inequalities, Public health nutrition, Supermarket, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270, Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases, RC620-627
Abstract: Abstract Objective: In this paper, we examined whether there are inequalities in access to food retail (by type and healthiness) across local government areas (LGA) in Greater Melbourne and by LGA grouped based on their distance from the central business district and Growth Area designation. We also examined whether these inequalities persisted over time. Design: This is a secondary analysis of a repeated cross-sectional census of food outlets collected at four time points (2008, 2012, 2014 and 2016) across 31 LGA. Using Geographical Information Systems, we present a spatial analysis of food retail environments in Melbourne, Australia, at these four times over eight years. Setting: Greater Melbourne, Australia. Participants: 31 LGA in Greater Melbourne. Results: Findings show significant inequalities in access to healthy food retail persisting over time at the LGA level. Residents in lower density urban growth areas had the least access to healthy food retail. Unhealthy food retail was comparatively more accessible, with a temporal trend indicating increased accessibility over time in urban growth areas only. Conclusion: Accessibility to food outlets, particularly healthy food outlets and supermarkets, in Greater Melbourne is not equal. To identify and address health inequalities associated with rapid urban growth, further understanding of how people interact with the food environment needs to be explored.
Published: 2024
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3. Spatial analysis of outdoor wet bulb globe temperature under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios for 2041–2080 across a range of temperate to hot climates

Author: Andrew Hall, Ana Horta, Mobushir R. Khan, and Richard A. Crabbe
Subjects: Climate, Wet bulb globe temperature, Global heating, Heat-related illness, Spatial variability, Australia, Meteorology. Climatology, QC851-999
Abstract: Wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT) is commonly used to assess human physical activity limits and risk exposure to heat-related injury. Using Australia as a case study location, rates of change in WBGT across a range of temperate to hot and dry to humid climates in response to selected projected climate scenarios were investigated. An established physics-based method for estimating WBGT using standard meteorological data was incorporated into a spatial modelling framework to map WBGT for a baseline period (1986–2005) for mid-summer daytime, mid-summer early morning and mid-winter daytime scenarios, under clear sky conditions and both light (0.5 ms−1) and moderate (3.0 ms−1) wind speeds at a nominal resolution of 0.05 decimal degrees. The resulting maps of WBGT revealed significant spatial variability in the range and pattern of increased WBGT across the three baseline scenarios in response to projected change under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 for 2041–2060 and 2061–2080 generated by the ACCESS1.0 climate model. Moderate wind speed scenarios produced significantly cooler WBGTs than the equivalent low wind speed scenarios, reducing mean modelled summer daytime WBGT by 3.2 °C, summer morning WBGT by 0.8 °C, and winter daytime WBGT by 3.0 °C. Projected future summer daytime WBGT under unshaded clear atmospheric conditions with light wind speeds can be expected to exceed the range of the commonly used heat categorisation system used to inform recommended restrictions on physical activity and regularly exceed 35 °C in northern Australia's equatorial and tropical climates by mid-century under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5. Summer early morning WBGT and winter daytime WBGT were projected to reach heat categories that would result in recommended restrictions in physical activity continuously (across consecutive 24-h periods) in summer and intermittently (for at least part of the day) year-round by 2050 with more severe conditions by 2070 and/or under RCP8.5 scenarios. Investigations into physical activity limits beyond the current highest heat category and the efficacy of the employed methodology to estimate WBGT above 35 °C using standard meteorological data are required to prepare for the projected warmer climate.
Published: 2022
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4. La Intervención Familiar Domiciliaria en Psicosis: Análisis Cualitativo de los Cambios Observados tras la Psicoterapia

Author: Carol Palma, Ona Gomis, Núria Farriols, Álvaro Frías, Miriam Gregorio, Ana Palacio, Ana Horta, Ferrán Aliaga, and Francisco J. Barón
Subjects: Terapia familiar, Intervención domiciliaria, Psicosis, Baja adherencia al tratamiento, Psychology, BF1-990
Abstract: El objetivo del estudio actual es evaluar los cambios en la estructura, la dinámica familiar y la comunicación durante una intervención familiar domiciliaria con pacientes diagnosticados de trastornos del espectro psicótico que muestran resistencia al tratamiento. Se incluyeron en el estudio un total de 12 familias (36 participantes) con descendencia diagnosticada de trastorno psicótico. Para la recopilación de datos se utilizaron diferentes técnicas cualitativas con el fin de triangular la información que proviene de cada una de ellas: un cuestionario de preguntas abiertas y un cuestionario más profundo para los observadores. Los dos ejes que explican la dinámica relacional más estrechamente ligada a la resistencia al tratamiento de estos pacientes fueron el “clima de confianza-desconfianza” y la “ambiguidad claridad-comunicación”. Estos indicadores pueden cambiar dinámicamente e interactuar entre sí con el fin de mejorar el clima familiar y la comunicación.
Published: 2019
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5. Optimizing efforts to restore aquatic ecosystem connectivity requires thinking beyond large dams

Author: Lee J Baumgartner, Tim Marsden, Deanna Duffy, Ana Horta, and Nathan Ning
Subjects: barriers, global change, irrigation infrastructure, river fragmentation, Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, TD1-1066, Environmental sciences, GE1-350, Science, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: Infrastructure-induced fragmentation of riverine ecosystems has engendered the need for more effective aquatic restoration efforts globally. Fragmentation assessments have been extensively undertaken to inform connectivity restoration efforts for fish and other aquatic biota, but they have potentially underestimated the extent of fragmentation by fixating on large dams and overlooking the contribution of other barriers like road crossings and small irrigation structures. The current study addresses this limitation in Mekong region countries (MReCs) of Southeast Asia, by assessing the fragmentation impacts of road crossings and small irrigation structures together with large dams. Our analysis indicates that the basin-scale fragmentation impact of road crossings is similar to that of large dams in MReCs, while small irrigation structures actually have a far greater impact. These findings raise concerns about the real global extent of aquatic fragmentation, and highlight the need for decision-makers to think beyond dams when attempting to restore connectivity for aquatic biota.
Published: 2021
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6. Thymic Function as a Predictor of Immune Recovery in Chronically HIV-Infected Patients Initiating Antiretroviral Therapy

Author: Rita Rb-Silva, Claudia Nobrega, Cecilia Azevedo, Emilia Athayde, João Canto-Gomes, Ivo Ferreira, Rémi Cheynier, Andrew J. Yates, Ana Horta, and Margarida Correia-Neves
Subjects: poor immunological responders, predictive modeling, immune recovery, cd4+ t cells, thymic function, immune activation, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607
Abstract: Poor immunological responders (PIR) are HIV-infected patients with virologic suppression upon antiretroviral therapy (ART) but persistently low CD4+ T cell counts. Early identification of PIR is important given their higher morbimortality compared to adequate immune responders (AIR). In this study, 33 patients severely lymphopenic at ART onset, were followed for at least 36 months, and classified as PIR or AIR using cluster analysis grounded on their CD4+ T cell count trajectories. Based on a variety of immunological parameters, we built predictive models of PIR/AIR outcome using logistic regression. All PIR had CD4+ T cell counts consistently below 500 cells/μL, while all AIR reached this threshold. AIR showed a higher percentage of recent thymic emigrants among CD4+ T cells; higher numbers of sj-TRECs and greater sj/β TREC ratios; and significant increases in thymic volume from baseline to 12 months of ART. We identified mathematical models that correctly predicted PIR/AIR outcome after 36 months of therapy in 77–87% of the cases, based on observations made until 2–6 months after ART onset. This study highlights the importance of thymic activity in the immune recovery of severely lymphopenic patients, and may help to select the patients that will benefit from closer follow-up or novel therapeutic approaches.
Published: 2019
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7. O desastre nuclear de Fukushima e os seus impactos no enquadramento midiático das tecnologias de fissão e fusão nuclear

Author: Luísa Schmidt, Ana Horta, and Sérgio Pereira
Subjects: Desastre nuclear, Fusão, Fissão, Energia, Comparação transnacional, Human ecology. Anthropogeography, GF1-900
Abstract: O desastre nuclear de Fukushima veio relembrar desastres nucleares anteriores tais como os de Three Miles Island e Chernobyl, trazendo de volta à esfera pública o debate em torno dos problemas de segurança das centrais nucleares. No entanto, enquanto o risco associado à energia nuclear tradicional (fissão) foi amplificado pela mídia, uma nova tecnologia de energia nuclear em investigação (fissão) não foi afetada. Uma comparação entre a cobertura midiática das tecnologias de fusão e fissão nuclear em três países (Alemanha, Espanha e Portugal), bem como na imprensa internacional de língua inglesa dirigida à elite transnacional, de 2008 a 2012, mostrou que o desastre de Fukushima não teve um impacto significativo no enquadramento midiático da fusão nuclear na maior parte dos jornais analisados. Neste artigo procura-se explicar o que conduziu a esta situação.
Published: 2014
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8. Estado social e alimentação escolar: Criatividade na austeridade

Author: Mónica Truninger, José Teixeira, Ana Horta, Sílvia Alexandre, and Vanda A. da Silva
Subjects: estado social, alimentação escolar, criatividade e crise económica, Sociology (General), HM401-1281
Abstract: Em Portugal, a crise económica tem afetado vários grupos da população, em especial os mais vulneráveis, e obrigado a reconfigurar os serviços sociais prestados pelo Estado. Com base num estudo sobre alimentação escolar, examina-se o modo através do qual a retração do Estado Social está a interferir na sustentabilidade das redes de provisão alimentar na escola pública e, concomitantemente, a reconfigurar a sua eficácia através de ‘arranjos’ criativos das autarquias, da comunidade escolar e de parcerias com outras redes de provisão. O caso das refeições escolares públicas oferece uma pertinente entrada para examinar as atuais tensões e reconfigurações de “arranjos” institucionais criativos das várias redes de provisão alimentar em situação de crise económica. Conclui-se que, apesar da atual fragilização do Estado Social, o Estado – tanto na sua vertente mais centralizadora como descentralizadora – continua a manter uma posição central como facilitador do acesso à alimentação escolar através do recurso a arranjos institucionais criativos, os quais tentam colmatar, na medida do possível, os efeitos da crise económica e das políticas de teor neoliberal.
Published: 2014
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9. Ambiente, paisagem, património e economia: Os conflitos em torno de parques eólicos em Portugal

Author: Ana Delicado, Luís Silva, Luís Junqueira, Ana Horta, Susana Fonseca, and Mónica Truninger
Subjects: conflicts, environmental impact, renewable energies, Sortelha (Portugal), wind power, Social Sciences, Social sciences (General), H1-99
Abstract: In recent years the number of wind farms in Portugal has grown exponentially as a result of political and economic pressure to achieve ambitious goals in relation to energy production through renewable sources. At a general level, this development has been marked by a consensual discourse (mitigating climate change, reducing external energy dependence), but at the situated, local level conflicts become visible (visual destruction of the landscape, adverse impacts on rural ecosystems, tourist activities and health). Based on an exploratory case study in the village of Sortelha, this article explores the conflicts over wind power, drawing also on other empirical sources, such as statistical data, environmental impact studies, press articles and blogs.
Published: 2013
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10. Comida escolares en Portugal: gobernabilidad de las prácticas alimentarias de los niños

Author: Monica Truninger, Ana Horta, and Jose Teixeira
Subjects: Comidas escolares, Gubernamentalidad, Infancia, Alimentos, School meals, Governmentality, General Works
Abstract: Resumen: Sobre la base de un marco conceptual post-foucaultiana nos fijamos en las racionalidades que informan a la organización de las comidas de los escolares portugueses y la aplicación de estas racionalidades para transformar y normalizan los hábitos alimenticios de los niños. El material empírico se extrae de un análisis documental del marco temático regulador de las comidas escolares desde la década de 1970 hasta la actualidad. Los objetivos son tres: 1) describir las continuidades y discontinuidades de los discursos oficiales sobre las comidas escolares; 2) ver de qué forma los niños, su salud y los alimentos aparecen y son interpretados en esos documentos; 3) describir y explicar las trayectorias de las gubernamentalidades y su pluralidad de acuerdos relativos a las comidas escolares. Fue posible identificar cinco tipos de regímenes gubernamentales de comidas escolares: la autoritaria; la demócrata, la moderna, el consumidor y la de Obesidad y Riesgo. Estos regímenes se entrelazan y organizan en múltiples formas los contextos que rigen las prácticas de alimentación de los niños en las escuelas. Abstract: Drawing on a post-Foucauldian conceptual framework we look at the rationalities that inform the organization of the Portuguese school meals and the implementation of these rationalities to transform and normalize children eating habits. The empirical material is drawn from a thematic documental analysis of the school meals regulatory framework from the 1970s up until nowadays. The objectives are threefold: 1) to describe the continuities and discontinuities of official discourses on school meals institutional practices; 2) to look at the ways children, health and food are placed and interpreted in those documents; 3) to describe and explain trajectories of school meals governmentalities and its plural arrangements. It was possible to identify five types of school meals governmental regimes: the Authoritarian; the Democratic, the Modern, the Consumer and the Obesity and Risk. These regimes are intertwined and organize in multiple ways the contexts that govern childrens eating practices in schools.
Published: 2015
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11. Poor immune reconstitution in HIV-infected patients associates with high percentage of regulatory CD4+ T cells.

Author: Ana Horta, Claudia Nobrega, Pedro Amorim-Machado, Vitor Coutinho-Teixeira, Palmira Barreira-Silva, Susana Boavida, Patrício Costa, Rui Sarmento-Castro, António Gil Castro, and Margarida Correia-Neves
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: CD4(+) regulatory T cells (Tregs) are essential for the maintenance of the immune system's equilibrium, by dampening the activation of potential auto-reactive T cells and avoiding excessive immune activation. To correctly perform their function, Tregs must be maintained at the right proportion with respect to effector T cells. Since this equilibrium is frequently disrupted in individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), we hypothesize that its deregulation could hamper immune reconstitution in patients with poor CD4(+) T cell recovery under highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). We analysed Tregs percentages amongst CD4(+) T cells in 53 HIV-infected patients under HAART, with suppression of viral replication and distinct levels of immune reconstitution. As controls, 51 healthy individuals were also analysed. We observed that amongst the patients with Nadir values (the lowest CD4(+) T cell counts achieved)
Published: 2013
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12. AÇÕES DE PROMOÇÃO À SAÚDE NO CENTRO DE SAÚDE OSWALDO CRUZ, BELO HORIZONTE-MG: ATIVIDADE DE EXTENSÃO

Author: MORAIS, ALICE RODRIGUES GIAROLLA DE, primary, VIEIRA, AMANDA CRISTINA MORAES, additional, GOMES, ANA CLARA CARREIRO LARA, additional, LIMA, ANA ELIZA RIBEIRO, additional, JUNQUEIRA, ANA HORTA, additional, RUBATINO, ANDRÉ LUCAS LOUREIRO, additional, CORRÊA, CAROLINA ALVES, additional, VINHAS, CLARA BANTERLI, additional, AMARAL, ENZO BOSI RIBEIRO, additional, MARRA, LETÍCIA JEBER, additional, and RABELO, JULIANA VEIGA COSTA, additional
Published: 2022
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13. Computational Statistical Methods for Uncertainty Assessment in Geoscience

Author: Scott McManus, Azizur Rahman, Jacqui Coombes, and Ana Horta
Published: 2023
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14. Spatial Characterization of Hypertension Clusters using a Rural Australian Clinical Database.

Author: Rachel Whitsed, Ana Horta, Faezeh Marzbanrad, and Herbert F. Jelinek
Published: 2017
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15. Protocolo de Prevenção e Tratamento de Infeções Associadas à Terapêutica Imunossupressora de Doenças Autoimunes

Author: Isabel Furtado, Sandra Xará, A. Ludgero Vasconcelos, Ana Horta, Maria João Gonçalves, Rui Sarmento-Castro, Inês Correia Gonçalves, Sofia R. Valdoleiros, Miguel Araújo Abreu, André Santos Silva, Carolina Silva, and Olga Vasconcelos
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Risk of infection, Immunosuppression, Context (language use), General Medicine, Disease, Guideline, 3. Good health, Immunosuppressive drug, medicine, Vaccine-preventable diseases, business, Intensive care medicine, Patient education
Abstract: O presente protocolo aborda o risco, prevenção e tratamento da infeção no doente sob terapêutica imunomoduladora ou imunossupressora em contexto de doença autoimune ou autoinflamatória. Subdivide-se nas seguintes secções: fármacos e risco associado de infeção; imunizações; risco, prevenção e tratamento de infeções específicas. Com um número crescente de novos fármacos em utilização nos últimos anos, o tratamento de doenças autoimunes envolve a utilização de terapêuticas imunossupressoras ou imunomoduladoras e associa-se a aumento do risco de infeção, que pode estar presente de uma forma global ou apenas para infeções por agentes específicos, variando amplamente consoante a classe farmacológica e mesmo dentro desta. Na estruturação da estratégia preventiva são fundamentais a caracterização da patologia que motiva a imunossupressão, a compreensão do mecanismo de ação do imunossupressor, a aferição de infeções prévias, o reconhecimento de fatores de risco, a realização de rastreios laboratoriais, a administração de vacinas, a educação do doente e a monitorização de sintomas e sinais clínicos, na dependência de uma gestão clínica necessariamente individualizada.
Published: 2021
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16. Creating virtual species to test species distribution models: the importance of landscape structure, dispersal and population processes

Author: Ana Horta, Rachel Whitsed, and Liam Grimmett
Subjects: education.field_of_study, Ecology, Species distribution, Population, Niche, Probabilistic logic, Bernoulli trial, Environmental science, Biological dispersal, education, Spatial analysis, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Environmental niche modelling
Abstract: The use of virtual species to test species distribution models is important for understanding how aspects of the model development process influence model performance. Typically, virtual species are simulated by defining their niche as a function of environmental variables and simulating occurrence probabilistically via Bernoulli trials. This approach ignores endogenous processes known to drive species distribution such as dispersal and population dynamics. To understand whether these processes are important for simulating virtual species we compared the probabilistic simulation approach to those incorporating endogenous processes. This comparison was done by evaluating changes in the relationship between species occurrence and habitat suitability over a number of landscapes with varying spatial structure. We found that the combined effects of population dynamics and dispersal meant the probability of occurrence of a single cell was not only dependent on habitat suitability, but also the number of occupied cells nearby. This resulted in a dependence on the size of clusters of high suitability cells (analogous to patch size) to maintain populations, increased residual spatial autocorrelation and non‐stationarity of the species response between landscapes. These data characteristics are attributes of real species distribution data and are not present in probabilistic simulations. Researchers using virtual species should consider the importance of these characteristics to their study objectives to decide whether the inclusion of endogenous processes is necessary.
Published: 2021
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17. Diffusion of electric vehicles in Brazil from the stakeholders' perspective

Author: Júlia Seixas, Evaldo Costa, Augusta Correia, Ana Horta, Daniel Sperling, Gustavo Costa, Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa, and Faculty of Economic and Social Sciences and Solvay Business School
Subjects: Strategic planning, Environmental Engineering, business.product_category, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Natural resource economics, Geography, Planning and Development, Perspective (graphical), electric vehicle, Climate change, SWOT analysis, Transportation, CO2 emissions, Greenhouse gas, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, Automotive Engineering, Electric vehicle, Environmental science, Diffusion (business), business, Consumer behaviour, Civil and Structural Engineering
Abstract: A major challenge for humankind is to reduce global carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions to avoid the most harmful impacts of climate change. The transport sector is responsible for almost 1/4 of the world’s energy-related emissions, with road transportation representing around 1/5 of the fuel consumption. Electric vehicles (EVs) may help to reduce CO2 emissions, but their diffusion is uncertain due to market barriers. This paper investigates the electric vehicle (EV), which has a smaller ecological footprint, as an alternative capable of meeting the needs of personal transport in Brazil. To carry out this evaluation, the study considers socio-techno-economic and political-environmental-innovation aspects to assess the challenges and opportunities facing the adoption of electric vehicles. The analysis was carried out based on a survey administered to a wide range of stakeholders. A SWOT analysis was performed to understand the most critical factors affecting the future of EVs in Brazil, which is a top-ten automotive manufacturer worldwide and a leader in sugar cane ethanol production. The results suggest light-duty electric vehicles (LDEV) as a first option for low-carbon passengers’ mobility and that EVs expansion will require market regulation, incentive policies and adequate charging infrastructure. Both consumers and society in general will benefit most from the expansion of EVs due to low emissions and total cost of ownership (TCO). The results show where decision-makers should focus their attention.
Published: 2020
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18. AÇÕES DE PROMOÇÃO À SAÚDE NO CENTRO DE SAÚDE OSWALDO CRUZ, BELO HORIZONTE-MG: ATIVIDADE DE EXTENSÃO

Author: ALICE RODRIGUES GIAROLLA DE MORAIS, AMANDA CRISTINA MORAES VIEIRA, ANA CLARA CARREIRO LARA GOMES, ANA ELIZA RIBEIRO LIMA, ANA HORTA JUNQUEIRA, ANDRÉ LUCAS LOUREIRO RUBATINO, CAROLINA ALVES CORRÊA, CLARA BANTERLI VINHAS, ENZO BOSI RIBEIRO AMARAL, LETÍCIA JEBER MARRA, and JULIANA VEIGA COSTA RABELO
Published: 2022
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19. International energy governance

Author: Ana Horta and Anabela Carvalho
Subjects: Corporate governance, Business, Economic system, Energy (signal processing)
Published: 2021
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20. Using digital soil hydraulic maps to simulate water balance at the regional scale (southern Portugal) - impact of spatial resolution and modelling approach

Author: Ana R. Oliveira, Ana Horta, and Tiago Ramos
Abstract: Modelling of soil physical, chemical, and biological processes is critical to improve the understanding of soil functions, the effect of agricultural practices on soil degradation, and appropriate soil management strategies. However, the use of such tools at the regional scale is largely limited by the lack of accurate mapping of soil texture and soil hydraulic properties (SHP). To overcome this limitation, SHP digital maps were obtained using two modelling approaches. One used a national harmonized soil texture database and geostatistical simulation to create soil texture maps which were further used as input data to derive SHP maps using local pedotransfer functions (PTFs). The other approach used SHP maps produced by Tóth et al (2017) using soil texture from the product SoilsGrids (Hengl et al, 2017). The SHP maps from both approaches were produced at two spatial resolutions: 250 m and 1000 m. This study aims to evaluate the usefulness of such SHP maps to simulate soil water dynamics and biomass growth at the regional scale using the MOHID-Land model. This model describes the movement of water in the porous medium based on mass and momentum conservation equations that are computed in a 3D grid domain using a finite volume approach. Crop development is simulated using a modified version of the EPIC model. The SHP maps produced using the two modelling approaches and considering two spatial resolutions (250 and 1000 m) were used as inputs for the hydraulic characteristics of soils. Simulations were compared for an irrigation area (Roxo Irrigation District), located in southern Portugal. Results revealed the differences in the components of the soil water balance, with soil inputs from local data being able to better portray landscape heterogeneity.
Published: 2021
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21. The critical role of trust in experiencing and coping with energy poverty : Evidence from across Europe

Author: Rachel Guyet, Malgorzata Dereniowska, George Jiglau, Louiza Papamikrouli, Anca Sinea, Ana Stojilovska, Filiz Katman, Robert Franke, Katrin Grossmann, Leona Sandmann, Fernando Martín-Consuegra, Ana Horta, Raúl Castaño-Rosa, Anaïs Varo, Ute Dubois, Tampere University, Architecture, European Commission, and Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa
Subjects: Coping (psychology), Distrust, Poverty, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, 218 Environmental engineering, media_common.quotation_subject, Authoritarianism, Vulnerability, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, Ignorance, Qualitative property, Energy poverty, Trust, Institutions, Fuel Technology, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, 211 Architecture, Political science, Development economics, Social Sciences (miscellaneous), media_common
Abstract: Trust is a fundamental ingredient of prosperous democracies. In Europe, trust in existing elected democratic institutions is fading while authoritarian nationalist movements grow. Experiences of neglect, ignorance, and inferiority are one explanation for this. This paper explores the link between the experiences of households in a state of energy poverty and their trust in institutions and social networks. Using qualitative data from ten different European countries, we show that a lack of trust in both public and private institutions is widespread among energy-poor households. Our interviewees show distrust in various dimensions. In their contacts with institutions, they report experiences of powerlessness, bad and unfair treatment, and feelings of inferiority. While some interviewees do trust single individuals within institutions, others trust only their own social networks and some have no trust in anyone. We further show how trust in networks or (people in) institutions can strengthen the coping capacities of energy-poor households while a lack of trust even cuts people off from the support they could attain and thus deepens their state of energy poverty., This work was supported by the European COST scheme [grant number CA 16232].
Published: 2021

22. Predictors for incomplete response to ursodeoxycholic acid in primary biliary cholangitis. Data from a national registry of liver disease

Author: Helena Cortez‐Pinto, Rodrigo Liberal, Susana Lopes, Mariana V. Machado, Joana Carvalho, Teresa Dias, Arsénio Santos, Cláudia Agostinho, Pedro Figueiredo, Rafaela Loureiro, Alexandra Martins, Gonçalo Alexandrino, Isabel Cotrim, Carina Leal, José Presa, Mónica Mesquita, Joana Nunes, Catarina Gouveia, Ana Horta e Vale, Ana Luísa Alves, Mariana Coelho, Luís Maia, Isabel Pedroto, António Banhudo, João Sebastião Pinto, Marta Vargas Gomes, Joana Oliveira, Valeska Andreozzi, Filipe Calinas, null on behalf of Liver.pt, and Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa
Subjects: Male, Cirrhosis, PBC, Gastroenterology, Severity of Illness Index, UDCA, Liver disease, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, Registries, Treatment Failure, Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary, Score, Response, gamma-Glutamyltransferase, Middle Aged, Ursodeoxycholic acid, Oncology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Disease Progression, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Female, Original Article, medicine.symptom, medicine.drug, Adult, Barcelona, medicine.medical_specialty, Paris, Asymptomatic, 03 medical and health sciences, Predictive Value of Tests, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, GLOBE, Aged, Portugal, business.industry, Predictors, Disease progression, Primary biliary cholangitis, Odds ratio, medicine.disease, Alkaline Phosphatase, Confidence interval, Logistic Models, Multivariate Analysis, National registry, Hepatobiliary, business
Abstract: Background The current standard of treatment in primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), although a considerable proportion of patients show incomplete response resulting in disease progression. Objective This study aimed to assess the prevalence of incomplete response to UDCA and determine associated patients' characteristics. Methods Patients with PBC as main diagnosis were included from a national multicentric patient registry—Liver.pt. Main endpoints included incomplete response to UDCA treatment according to Barcelona, Paris I and Paris II criteria, Globe and UK PBC scores and the association between baseline characteristics and incomplete response according to Paris II criteria. Results A total of 434 PBC patients were identified, with a mean age of 55 years and 89.2% females. Nearly half of patients were asymptomatic at diagnosis and 93.2% had positive anti‐mitochondrial antibodies. Almost all patients (95.6%) had been prescribed at least one drug for PBC treatment. At the last follow‐up visit, 93.3% were under treatment of which 99.8% received UDCA. Incomplete response to UDCA was observed in 30.7%, 35.3%, 53.7% and 36.4% of patients according to Barcelona, Paris I, Paris II criteria and Globe score, respectively. After adjusting for age and sex, and accordingly to Paris II criteria, the risk for incomplete biochemical response was 25% higher for patients with cirrhosis at diagnosis (odds ratio [OR] = 1.25; 95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 1.02–1.54; p = 0.033) and 35% (95%CI:1.06–1.72; p = 0.016) and 5% (OR = 1.05; 95%CI:1.01–1.10; p = 0.013) for those with elevated gamma‐glutamyl transferase (GGT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Conclusion A considerable proportion of patients showed incomplete biochemical response to UDCA treatment according to Paris II criteria. Cirrhosis, elevated GGT and ALP at diagnosis were identified as associated risk factors for incomplete response. Early identification of patients at risk of incomplete response could improve treatment care and guide clinical decision to a more careful patient monitorization., Key summary Summarise the established knowledge on this subject Primary biliary cholangitis is a liver disease that can progress to end‐stage liver disease, with premature death or need for liver transplantation.Treatment with ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) significantly increases liver transplant‐free survival. However, incomplete response to UDCA reduces this beneficial effect. What are the significant and/or new findings of this study? By evaluating prevalence and risk factors for UDCA incomplete response through a large multicentric national registry it was found that 53.7% of patients were incomplete responders, according to Paris II criteria, with cirrhosis, elevated gamma‐glutamyl transferase and alkaline phosphatase at diagnosis as the main risk factors.These findings suggest that patients diagnosed at an advanced stage should be closely monitored and might benefit from novel therapies to improve outcomes if incomplete response is present.
Published: 2021

23. Climate Variation—A Perceived Drag on Rural Business Performance

Author: Ana Horta and Timothy S. Clune
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, media_common.quotation_subject, Geography, Planning and Development, Climate change, TJ807-830, 010501 environmental sciences, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, TD194-195, 01 natural sciences, Renewable energy sources, Perception, GE1-350, climate, resilience, Uncategorized, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common, Public economics, Environmental effects of industries and plants, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, business.industry, Business failure, sustainability, counselling, Environmental sciences, Variable (computer science), welfare, Agriculture, Sustainability, Psychological resilience, Business, Welfare, policy
Abstract: The financial capacity of the Australian agriculture sector to capture the benefits of the growing food and fibre demands of the burgeoning global population has been questioned, particularly in the face of a projected climate change impacts. This paper reports on the first phase of a multi-stage project that seeks to understand the causes of rural business failure, illustrated through the metaphorical voice of the farmer. It has been constructed in three parts comprising an overview of the rationale for the consideration of the rural business failure as it is understood by the operators of stressed rural businesses, description of the method and results, and thirdly, the implications of the results and direction for future research. This paper reports on the analysis of responses of approximately 33,000 clients collected as part of the Rural Financial Counselling Services (RFCS) during the period 2012&ndash, 2016. A key finding of the paper is the perception that climate variation is the primary cause for the hardship experienced, that is, in the absence of the variable climate operators would not have found themselves in need of the RFCS. However, this result necessarily requires a more objective review before consideration as the basis of new policy.
Published: 2020

24. Família : o porto mais seguro

Author: Ana Horta and Ana Horta
Abstract: Este livro relata uma história real de uma família que ensina como enfrentou vários obstáculos e preconceitos onde tinha tudo para desmoronar, mas descobriu meios para se manter em pé diante desses desafios. Também ensina que a sobrevivência dela depende da criatividade para se ganhar o seu sustento e que a beleza dos gestos de carinho e união são o que mantém uma família de pé.
Published: 2022

25. Comparison of interpretation uncertainty in spatial domains using portable x-ray fluorescence and ICP data

Author: Scott McManus, Azizur Rahman, Ana Horta, and Jacqueline Coombes
Subjects: QE1-996.5, Accuracy and precision, pXRF, Computer science, Bayesian approximation, Bayesian probability, Bayesian correlated t-test, Geology, Ocean Engineering, QA75.5-76.95, Geostatistics, computer.software_genre, Interpretation (model theory), Electronic computers. Computer science, Approximation models, Geography. Anthropology. Recreation, Portable X-ray, Data mining, Interpretation uncertainty, Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality, Categorical variable, computer, Statistical hypothesis testing
Abstract: Spatial domains defining either geological models or mineral estimation envelopes are among the few components of the mining life cycle that are not quantitatively assessed to communicate uncertainty or error in mineral resource projects. Recent work has investigated the use of Bayesian approximation methods to assess interpretation uncertainty of the classification of drill hole intercepts to spatial domain categories. A fundamental assumption is that the spatial domains being tested are used for geostatistics and that the spatial domains contain data that is homogenous to satisfy an assumption of stationarity. A binomial or multinomial model of data used to generate the spatial domains can be trained and simulated to assess the model's ability to predict categories. Categorical subjective geological logging and multielement data have shown suitable data inputs to assess interpretation uncertainty at two case studies. In early-stage projects laboratory multielement data may not be available or economically feasible. Portable X-Ray Fluorescence (pXRF) is a cost and time-effective method of providing multielement data at lower precision and accuracy. A case study had both Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP) and pXRF data. Bayesian approximation models were created from both data sets to assess interpretation uncertainty. Visual assessment of uncertainty band graphs and statistical testing using the Bayesian correlated t-test shows that the two data sets' interpretation uncertainty models are practically equivalent and that pXRF data can be used in early stage projects to assess interpretation uncertainty.
Published: 2021
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26. The INFOSOLO database as a first step towards the development of a soil information system in Portugal

Author: J. C. Martins, Tiago B. Ramos, Ana Horta, Deanna Duffy, Maria C. Gonçalves, and F. P. Pires
Subjects: Sustainable land management, Soil map, Topsoil, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Database, Land management, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, computer.software_genre, 01 natural sciences, Soil functions, Digital soil mapping, Soil retrogression and degradation, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, Cation-exchange capacity, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Environmental science, computer, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes
Abstract: Nowadays there is an increasing effort for raising global awareness for the importance of soils to ensure food security, to improve agricultural and environmental planning and monitoring, and to establish effective and sustainable land management policies to counteract soil degradation. This study presents the INFOSOLO legacy database as the first effort to develop a soil information system in Portugal, suitable to compile soil data produced in the country, and to support stakeholders and land managers in decision-making. The database currently includes soil data from a set of 9934 horizons/layers studied in 3461 soil profiles across the country between 1966 and 2014. Data was extracted from scattered soil surveys, research projects, and academic studies carried out by public Portuguese and other European institutions, with a series of validation tests and harmonization procedures being implemented in order to access and improve the quality of the data. The importance of the INFOSOLO legacy dataset was discussed and exemplified with the analysis of the spatial and temporal distribution of selected soil properties, namely the organic carbon content, pH, and cation exchange capacity. For these properties, 1 km grid maps were also developed for the topsoil horizons/layers in Portugal using different spatial modelling approaches. To highlight the importance of using INFOSOLO for soil characterization, the EU-wide soil database LUCAS was used to compare both datasets in terms of data distributions, spatial continuity and accuracy of modelling outputs. The comparison also included the digital soil maps provided by the SoilGrids product for Portugal. The comparison results highlighted specific areas in the country for which INFOSOLO is capable to deliver accurate but also more reliable predictions when compared with the LUCAS and SoilGrids results. Thus, INFOSOLO provides the basis for improving soil information in the country and for raising national awareness of the importance of soil resources to the country's development.
Published: 2017
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27. Mortality events resulting from Australia's catastrophic fires threaten aquatic biota

Author: Deanna Duffy, Paul Humphries, Luiz G. M. Silva, Ana Horta, Katherine E. Doyle, and Lee J. Baumgartner
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Global and Planetary Change, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Ecology, Aquatic resources, Australia, Estuary, Fresh Water, Aquatic biota, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Biota, Fires, Environmental Chemistry, %22">Fish , Environmental science, Ecosystem, Freshwater systems, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, Invertebrate
Abstract: The consequences of the 2019-2020 bushfires in Australia were also devastating for the aquatic biota. Following abnormal rainfall events in burnt areas, widespread mortality events including fish and invertebrates were recorded in estuarine and freshwater systems. Such negative impacts on aquatic resources highlight the need to include these ecosystems in bushfire recovery plans. Management should prioritise catchments at higher risks of further negative impacts and research must be conducted to understand the efficacy of actions post-fire.
Published: 2020

28. Dulaglutide and renal outcomes in type 2 diabetes: an exploratory analysis of the REWIND randomised, placebo-controlled trial

Author: Hertzel C Gerstein, Helen M Colhoun, Gilles R Dagenais, Rafael Diaz, Mark Lakshmanan, Prem Pais, Jeffrey Probstfield, Fady T Botros, Matthew C Riddle, Lars Rydén, Denis Xavier, Charles Messan Atisso, Leanne Dyal, Stephanie Hall, Purnima Rao-Melacini, Gloria Wong, Alvaro Avezum, Jan Basile, Namsik Chung, Ignacio Conget, William C Cushman, Edward Franek, Nicolae Hancu, Markolf Hanefeld, Shaun Holt, Petr Jansky, Matyas Keltai, Fernando Lanas, Lawrence A Leiter, Patricio Lopez-Jaramillo, Ernesto German Cardona Munoz, Valdis Pirags, Nana Pogosova, Peter J Raubenheimer, Jonathan E Shaw, Wayne H-H Sheu, Theodora Temelkova-Kurktschiev, Mercedes Abella, Andrea Alebuena, Sandra Almagro, Eduardo Amoroso, Paula Anadon, Elizabeth Andreu, Guillermo Aristimuño, Maria Arzadun, Maria Barbieri, Raul Barcudi, Ines Bartolacci, Gabriel Bolobanich, Anselmo Bordonava, Miguel Bustamante Labarta, Betina Bustos, Alberto Caccavo, Alejandra Camino, Maria Cantero, Maria Carignano, Luis Cartasegna, Marcela Cipullo, Víctor Commendatore, Victoria Conosciuto, Osvaldo Costamagna, Claudia Crespo, Jose Cuello, Carlos Cuneo, Sandra Cusimano, Sofia Dean, Claudio Dituro, Andrea Dominguez, Miguel Farah, Alberto Fernandez, Florencia Fernandez, Adriana Ferrari, Patricia Flammia, Jose Fuentealba, Karina Beatriz Gallardo, Celso Garcia, Ruben Garcia Duran, Marcelo Garrido, Rodolfo Gavicola, Claudio Gerbaudo, Graciela Gilli, Ana Paula Giotto, Pedro Godoy Bolzán, Oscar Gomez Vilamajo, Fernando Guerlloy, Cristian Guridi, Narcisa Gutierrez Garrido, Eduardo Hasbani, Sonia Hermida, Miguel Hominal, Adrian Hrabar, Adrián Ingaramo, Alejandra Izzicupo, Mario Krynski, Mariana Lagrutta, Paulina Lanchiotti, Maria Langhe, Veronica Leonard, Javier Llanos, Ricardo Lopez Santi, Jorge Lowenstein, Cecilia Luquez, Ignacio Mackinnon, Melina Mana, Sara Manzur, Javier Marino, Carolina Martella, Roger Martinez, Re Matias, Javier Matkovich, Monica Meritano, Oscar Montaña, María Mulazzi, Juan Ochoa, Gustavo Paterlini, María Pelagagge, Maria Elena Peralta Lopez, Aldo Prado, Lorena Pruyas, Martín Racca, Carola Ricotti, Carolina Rodriguez, Mariano Romero Vidomlansky, Ricardo Ronderos, Ana Laura Sadowski, Jorgelina Sala, Alejandro Sánchez, Andrea Santoro, Lilia Schiavi, Mariano Sein, Virginia Sernia, Leonardo Serra, Maximiliano Sicer, Tomas Smith, Leonardo Soso, Georgina Sposetti, Andrea Steinacher, Jorge Stival, Jorge Tedesco, Hugo Tonin, Mauro Tortolo, Maria Ulla, Julio Vallejos, Marisa Vico, Luciana Virgillito, Virginia Visco, Daniel Vogel, Florencia Waisman, César Zaidman, Noemi Zucchiatti, Imran Badshah, Neale Cohen, Peter Colman, David Colquhoun, Timothy Davis, Spiros Fourlanos, Greg Fulcher, Jane Hamlyn, Cilla Haywood, Samantha Hocking, Maeve Huchinson, William Jeffries, Mervyn Kyl, Clement Lo, PeakMann Mah, Ashley Makepeace, Dolly Marope, Natalie Nanayakkar, Alison Nankervis, Neil Palmer, Barbara Palolus, Satish Pillai, Sarah Price, Joseph Proietto, Anne Reutens, Natassia Rodrigo, Abdul Sheikh, Greg Smith, Michelle So, Georgia Soldatos, Bronwyn Stuckey, Priya Sumithran, Helena Teede, Parind Vora, Lyn Williams, Eduardo Abib, Christiani Adão Poço, Érica Ferreira Alves, Janaina Andreatta Bernardi Barea, Livia Avezum Oliveira, Denise Ludovico da Costa de Castro, Ivan Correa da Cruz, Midiã Costa, Ivan Cruz, Sidney Cunha, Marco Antonio Vieira Da Silva, Renata de Carvalho Camara Bona, Bruna de Paula, Freddy Eliaschewitz, Guilherme Fazolli, Carlos Alberto Ferreira Filho, Jose Fortes, Cesar França, Denise Reis Franco, Paulo Roberto Genestreti, Flavio Giorgeto, Rodrigo Marques Gonçalves, Michele Elka Grossman, Ana Claudia Henrique Marcelino, Mauro Hernandes, Ana Horta, Cristiano Jaeger, Midia Kaneblai, Cecilia Kauffman Rutenberg, Jose Francisco Kerr Saraiva, Maria Angelica Lemos, Lilia Maia, Euler Roberto Manenti, Mariana Marques, Cynthia Melissa Valerio, Rodrigo Moreira, Flávia Mothé, Osana Maria Mouco, Philip Moura, José Carlos Moura Jorge, Carlos Nakashima, Marcelo Nakazone, Thiago Napoli, Cristiane Nunes, Joao Eduardo Nunes Salles, Karla Oliveira, Marcela Oliveira, Gracielly de Souza Pantano, Fabio Petri, Leonardo Piazza, Andreia Carla Pires, Patricia Pizzato, Sergio Prata, Dalton Precoma, Rafael Rech, Gilmar Reis, Heleno Reis, Elisabete Resende, Jose Ribas Fortes, Sylka Rodovalho, Fabio Rossi dos Santos, Joao Eduardo Salles, Célia Regina Sampaio, Thiago Santos, Vanessa Santos dos Santos, Tulio Silva e Quadros, Daniel Silveira, Katia Nunes Siqueira, M Teireira, Marcelo Uehara, C Valerio, Henrique Vianna, Maria Helena Vidotti, Guilherme de Lima Visconti, Maria Teresa Zanella, Viktoriya Andreeva, Radoslav Borisov, Nikolay Botushanov, Georgi Dimitrov, Kameliya Dimova, Tsvetan Dragoychev, Valentina Grigorova, Valentina Gushterova, Ivaylo Ivanov, Tatyana Kocelova, Dimo Kurktschiev, Milena Miletieva, Neli Nenkova-Gugusheva, Ralitsa Pancheva, Maria Pavlova, Dimitar Raev, Vesela Spasova, Anastas Stoikov, Dimitar Troev, Todor Yanev, Mariana Yoncheva-Mihaylova, Alexander Abitbol, Buki Ajala, Abdullh Alguwaihes, Jean-Luc Ardilouze, Nahla Aris-Jilwan, Amel Arnaout, Ronnie Aronson, Nadeem Aslam, Sandra Babin, Jean-Patrice Bailargeon, Allan Bailey, Harpreet Bajaj, Christian Beauchesne, Sorin Beca, Andre Belanger, Alan Bell, Diego Bellabarba, Lori Berard, Brian Berenbaum, Vincent Bergeron, Joseph Berlingieri, Frédéric Bernier, Phoebe Bishara, David Blank, Ian Blumer, Suzanne Brault, Donald Breton, André Carpentier, James Cha, Prakash Chandra, Jean-Louis Chiasson, James R Conway, Ghyslaine Couture, Nathalie Couture, Gilles Dagenais, Dyotirmoy Datta, Giuseppe D'Ignazio, Richard Dumas, Didier Fay, Andre Frechette, Louise Frenette, Daisy Fung, Nathalie Gagnon, Meri Galter, Jean Garon, Jean Sebastien Gauthier, Christian Geadah, Jeremy Gilbert, Ronald Girard, Ronald Goldenberg, Loren David Grossman, Nikhil Gupta, Jean-Pierre Halle, Marie-France Hivert, Ghislaine Houde, Robyn Houlden, Irene Hramiak, Ted Jablonski, Akshay Jain Jain, Hasnain Khandwala, Munish Khosla, C Lachance, Emilie Laflamme, Marie-France Langlois, Luc Larivee, Joanne Liutkus, Heather Lochnan, Saleem Malik, Charlotte McDonald, Pravinsagar Mehta, John Mihailidis, Alain Milot, Priya Narula, Patrice Nault, Arun Nayar, William Nisker, Gilles Ouellet, Jean Palardy, Minta Patel, Terri Paul, Sue Pedersen, Patrice Perron, Marie-Hélène Pesant, Paul Poirier, Marie-Claude Poulin, Zubin Punthakee, Waheed Rehman, Stuart Ross, P Sagar, Nouhad Saliba, Sam Sandler, Alicia Schiffrin, Robert Schlosser, Anila Seth-Sharma, Mark Sherman, David Sionit, Tharsan Sivakumar, Juan Soto, Eric St-Amour, Oren Steen, Jack Sussman, Adam Telner, Sheldon Tobe, David-Yaw Twum-Barima, Audrey Van Zanten, Nicole VanRossum, Jonathan Vecchiarelli, Rick Ward, John Wessengel, Stanley Weisnagel, Igor Wilderman, Vincent Woo, Natalia Yakubovich, Jean-Francois Yale, Zeina Yared, Monica Acevedo, Maria Loreto Aguirre, Andres Aizman, Maria Soledad Barroso, Leonardo Cobos, Alfredo Danin Vargas, Barbara Descalzi, Gonzalo Godoy, Elio Grumberg, Rodolfo Lahsen, Gladys Larenas, Eugenia Ortiz, Javier Paredes, Sergio Potthoff, Eva Retamal, Luis Rojas, Manuel Salgado, Claudio Santibanez, Carmen Solis, Benjamin Stokins, Jose Accini, Javier Acebedo, Lina Maria Agudelo Baena, Soraya Alarcon, Juliana Angel, Edgar Arcos, M Aroca Martinez, Leonor Atuesta, Jose Balaguera, Doris Ballestas, Sandra Isabel Barrera, Rosmy Barrios Reyes, Adolfo Bayona, Andres Bermudez, Diego Zarate Bernal, Marco Blanquicett, Victor Bravo, Wendy Bueno, Alvaro Burbano Delgado, Alberto Cadena, Andres Cadena, Sandra Caicedo, Carlos Celemin, Ricardo Consuegra, Cristhian Contreras Pimienta, Kelly Johenis Corredor, Carlos Cure, Lizeth Dayana De La Hoz Rueda, Erika Delgado, Sarahy Diaz, Marta Diego, Anabell Donado, William Encinales Sanabria, Juliana Escobar, Gillian Escorcia, Leonardo Forero, Laura Fuentes, Maria Garcia, Henry Garcia Lozada, Luis Garcia Ortiz, Angela Giraldo, Laura Gomez Gonzalez, Javier Granada, Corina Gutierrez, Natalia Henao, Edwin Hernandez, Olga Maria Herrera Uejbe, Juan Diego Higuera Cobos, Jaime Ibarra Gómez, Edwin Hernandez Jaimes, Monica Jaramillo, Nicolas Jaramillo, Carlos Jaramillo Gomez, Monica Jaramillo Sanchez, Ivonne Jarava Durán, Catalina Lopez Ceballos, Claudia Madrid, Elias María Amastha, Jennifer Mercado, Dora Ines Molina, Jessica Molina Soto, Carlos Montoya, Alexander Morales, Carolina Muñoz, Luis Alejandro Orozco, Oscar Osorio, Jorge Mario Palmera Sanchez, Adwar Peña, Jose Perez, Juan Perez Agudelo, Germán Pérez Amador, Carlos Pertuz, Irina Posada, Carlos Puerta, Adalberto Quintero, Diana Quiroz, Carmen Rendon, Alberto Reyes, Alvaro Reyes, Diana Ripoll, Carlos Rivera, Maria Rocha, Jose F Rodriguez, Kervis Asid Rodriguez Villanueva, Javier Emilio Rodriguez Zabala, Sindy Rojas, Maria Romero, Ricardo Rosero, Angelica Rocio Rosillo Cardenas, Lina Rueda, Gregorio Sanchez, Tatiana Sanchez, Arístides Sotomayor Herazo, Monica Suarez, Mariana Torres, Freddy Trujillo, Miguel Urina, Lazaro Van Strahlen, Carlos Velandia, Carolina Velasquez Guzman, Elizabeth Velazquez, Tatiana Vidal Prada, Juan Pablo Yepez Alvaran, Diego Zarate, Jana Andelova, Radka Benesova, Barbara Buzova, Vladimir Cech, Ida Chodova, Miroslav Choura, Antonin Dufka, Andrea Gamova, Jakub Gorgol, Tomas Hala, Hana Havlova, Dagmar Hlavkova, Petra Horanska, Juliana Ilcisin-Valova, Petra Jenickova, Ondrej Jerabek, Ilona Kantorova, Katerina Kolomaznikova, Iva Kopeckova, Miroslava Kopeckova, Karel Linhart, Tomas Linhart, Jan Malecha, Emilia Malicherova, Dana Neubauerova, Martina Oznerova, Radan Partys, Eva Pederzoliova, Maria Petrusova, Vera Prymkova, Eva Racicka, Ida Reissova, Eva Roderova, Libor Stanek, Alena Striova, Dana Svarcova, Petr Svoboda, Emilia Szeghy Malicharova, Jan Urge, Ladislav Vesely, Bedich Wasserburger, Hilde Wasserburgerova, Emil Zahumensky, Vaclav Zamrazil, Hasan Alawi, Ernestos Anastasiadis, Elisabeth Axthelm, Tasso Bieler, Christina Buhrig, Elizaveta Degtyareva, Frank Dellanna, Karl-Michael Derwahl, Stephan Diessel, Barbara Dogiami, Kirsten Dorn-Weitzel, Monika Ernst, Grit Faulmann, Baerbel Fetscher, Thomas Forst, Gabriele Freyer-Lahres, Klaus Funke, Xenia Ganz, Christiane Gleixner, Christoph Hanefeld, Sven Heinrichs, Stephanie Helleberg, Elena Henkel, Gerd Ruediger Hetzel, Caren Hoffmann, Frohmut Jacob, Stephan Jacob, Franziska John, Antonius Jonczyk, Wolfram Kamke, Christiane Klein, Martina Kleinhardt, Werner Kleophas, Christine Kosch, Kristin Kreutzmann, Achim Kühn, Young Hee Lee-Barkey, Alexander Lier, Sarah Maatouk, Joachim Minnich, Michael Mitry, Ilona Muessig, Diana Nicula, Martina Niemann, Joerg Nothroff, Petra Ott, Andreas Pfuetzner, Andreas Pfützner, Frank Pistrosch, Wildgard Pohl, Zdenka Prochazkova, Marlena Retkowska, Heiko Rosin, Daniela Sachsenheimer, Holger Samer, Mazin Sanuri, Axel Schaefer, Frank Schaper, Erik-Delf Schulze, Marita Schulze, Martina Schumann, Thomas Segiet, Veronika Sowa, Hans-Detlev Stahl, Franziska Steinfeldt, Madlen Teige, Bjoern Trieb, Diethelm Tschoepe, Peter Uebel, Bernd Warken, Ingo Weigmann, Klaus Weyland, Klara Wilhelm, Timea Balo, Miklos Balsay, Ilona Bende, Katalin Bezzegh, Zita Birkus, Barbara Buday, Melinda Csomai, Laszlo Deak, Eniko Dezso, Peter Faludi, M Faluvegi, Ilona Fazekas, Agota Feher, Csaba Fejer, Ervin Finta, Agnes Fulcz, Zsolt Gaal, Mihaly Gurzo, Krisztina Hati, Gabriella Herczeg, Ildiko Jozsef, Marta Juhasz, Katalin Keltai, Laszlo Koranyi, Eniko Kulcsar, Krisztina Kun, Andrea Laczko, Botond Literáti-Nagy, Izabella Mezo, Margit Mileder, I Moricz, Károly Nagy, Bela Nagybaczoni, Csaba Nemeth, Agnes Oze, Jozsef Pauer, Eva Peterfai, Bela Polocsanyi, Ferenc Poor, István Reiber, Csaba Salamon, Julia Sebestyen, Ildiko Torok, Marianna Tuu, Andrea Varga, Viktor Vass, Chul Min Ahn, Chulwoo Ahn, Park ByungWon, Hyuk-Jae Chang, Kiyuk Chang, Eui-Young Choi, Han Seok Choi, Jin-Wook Chung, Bum- Kee Hong, Young Joon Hong, Min Su Hyon, Myung Ho Jeong, Shinae Kang, Byeong-Keuk Kim, Ji-Hyun Kim, Ju Han Kim, Kee-Sik Kim, Moo Hyun Kim, Pum-Joon Kim, Soon-Kil Kim, Yong-Seok Kim, Young Kwon Kim, Yoon Seok Koh, Hyuck Moon Kwon, Byoung Kwon Lee, Byung-Wan Lee, Jin Bae Lee, Myoung-Mook Lee, Young-Mee Lim, Pil Ki Min, Jong Sung Park, Jongsuk Park, Keun Ho Park, Sungha Park, Wook Bum Pyun, Se Joong Rim, Dong-Ryeol Ryu, Hong-Seog Seo, Ki Bae Seung, Dong-Ho Shin, Doo Sun Sim, Young Won Yoon, Ilze Andersone, Kristine Babicka, Inga Balcere, Roberts Barons, Inguna Capkovska, Kristine Geldnere, Inese Grigane, Baiba Jegere, Ilze Lagzdina, Lija Mora, Sigita Pastare, Rota Ritenberga, Janina Romanova, Inta Saknite, Natalja Sidlovska, Jelena Sokolova, Sandra Steina, Iveta Strizko, Dace Teterovska, Brigita Vizina, Lina Barsiene, Gintare Belozariene, Laura Daugintyte-Petrusiene, Nijole Drungiliene, Nijole Garsviene, Ala Grigiene, Vytautas Grizas, Virginija Jociene, Dalia Kalvaitiene, Jugeta Kaupiene, Jurate Kavaliauskiene, Dalia Kozloviene, Ilona Lapteva, Birute Maneikiene, Jolanta Marcinkeviciene, Vaidilija Markauskiene, Salomeja Meiluniene, Almantas Norkus, Rita Norviliene, Vladimiras Petrenko, Ruta Radzeviciene, Gintare Sakalyte, Gediminas Urbonas, Skaiste Urbutiene, Donatas Vasiliauskas, Dzilda Velickiene, Carlos Aguilar, Marco Alcocer, Juan Antonio Avalos-Ramirez, Ramiro Banda-Elizondo, Rubria Bricio-Ramirez, Karla Cardenas Mejia, Francisco Cavazos, Jesus Chapa, Erika Cienfuegos, Astrid De la Peña, Gilberto de la Peña Topete, Manuel Odin De los Rios Ibarra, Daniel Elias, Claudia Flores-Moreno, Pedro Garcia Hernandez, Luis Gerardo Gonzalez, Rosa Linda Guerra Moya, Arturo Guerra-Lopez, Raymundo Hernandez Baylon, Carolina Herrera Colorado, Marisol Herrera-Marmolejo, Neri Islas-Palacios, Esteban Lopez, Fernando Lopez, Agustin Lopez Alvarado, Rosa Isela Luna Ceballos, Enrique Morales Villegas, Gualberto Moreno-Virgen, Rosa Linda Parra Perez, Sara Pascoe Gonzalez, Irving Peralta-Cantu, Roopa Previn, Rosa Ramirez, Rubria Ramirez, Maria Guadalupe Ramos Zavala, Monica Rodriguez, Rocio Salgado-Sedano, Ana Claudia Sanchez-Aguilar, Edith Santa Rosa Franco, Leobardo Sauque-Reyna, Rodrigo Suarez Otero, Ivonne Torres, Enrique Velarde-Harnandez, Juan Villagordoa, Efrain Villeda-Espinoza, Jorge Vital-Lopez, Cristian Jair Zavala- Bello, John Baker, Elaine Barrington-Ward, Thomas Brownless, Richard Carroll, Simon Carson, Michelle Choe, Andrew Corin, Brian Corley, Richard Cutfield, Neelam Dalaman, Paul Dixon, Paul Drury, Keith Dyson, Chris Florkowski, Monica Ford, William Frengley, Colin Helm, Colin Katzen, Jane Kerr, Manish Khanolkar, David Kim, Renata Koops, Jeremy Krebs, Robert Leikis, Kwan Low, Alison Luckey, Richard Luke, Susan Macaulay, Rodney Marks, Catherine McNamara, Dean Millar-Coote, Steven Miller, Naomi Mottershead, James Reid, Narcisa Robertson, Ian Rosen, David Rowe, Ole Schmiedel, Russell Scott, Jeffrey Sebastian, Davitt Sheahan, Victoria Stiebel, Ian Ternouth, Chris Tofield, Dirk Venter, Michael Williams, Miles Williams, Fiona Wu, Simon Young, Malgorzata Arciszewska, Anna Bochenek, Piotr Borkowski, Przemyslaw Borowy, Tomasz Chrzanowski, Edward Czerwinski, Marek Dwojak, Agnieszka Grodzicka, Izabela Janiec, Joanna Jaruga, Ewa Krystyna Jazwinska-Tarnawska, Krystyna Jedynasty, Danuta Juzwiak-Czapiewska, Jadwiga Karczewicz-Janowska, Jan Konieczny, Marek Konieczny, Marek Korol, Maciej Kozina, Ewa Krzyzagorska, Ewa Kucharczyk-Petryka, Roman Laz, Anna Majchrzak, Zdzislawa Mrozowska, Michal Mularczyk, Elzbieta Nowacka, Jadwiga Peczynska, Robert Petryka, Radoslaw Pietrzak, Dorota Pisarczyk-Wiza, Aleksandra Rozanska, Zofia Ruzga, Emilia Rzeszotarska, Malgorzata Sacha, Marzenna Sekulska, Anna Sidorowicz-Bialynicka, Teresa Stasinska, Agnieszka Strzelecka-Sosik, Teresa Swierszcz, Katarzyna Miroslawa Szymkowiak, Olga Turowska, Krystyna Wisniewska, Maciej Wiza, Iwona Wozniak, Katarzyna Zelazowska, Bernadetta Ziolkowska-Gawron, Danuta Zytkiewicz-Jaruga, Adrian Albota, Carmina Alexandru, Rodica Avram, Cornelia Bala, Diana Barbonta, Roxana Barbu, Daniela Braicu, Nicoleta Calutiu, Doina Catrinoiu, Anca Cerghizan, Alina Ciorba, Anca Craciun, Rodica Doros, Livia Duma, Ancuta Dumitrache, Ioana Ferariu, Anca Ferician Moza, Alexandrina Ghergan, Gheorghe Ghise, Mariana Graur, Mihaela Gribovschi, Bogdan Mihai, Laura Mihalache, Madalina Mihalcea, Nicoleta Mindrescu, Magdalena Morosanu, Andrea Morosoanu, Maria Mota, Anca Moza, Valerica Nafornita, Narcisa Natea, Simona Nicodim, Cristina Nita, Adriana Onaca, Mircea Onaca, Cristina Pop, Lavinia Pop, Amorin Popa, Alexandrina Popescu, Luchiana Pruna, Gabriela Roman, Mihaela Rosu, Alexandra Sima, Doina Sipciu, Carmen Narcisa Sitterli-Natea, Iosif Szilagyi, Minodora Tapurica, Adrian Tase, Adriana-Carmen Tutescu, Luminita Vanghelie, Ioana Verde, Adrian Vlad, Mihaela Zarnescu, Roman Akhmetov, Irina Allenova, Irina Avdeeva, Oksana Baturina, Irina Biserova, Nikolay Bokovin, Irina Bondar, Natalia Burova, Galina Chufeneva, Elena Chumachek, Marina Demidova, Alexander Demin, Vera Drobysheva, Irina Egorova, Lev Esenyan, Ekaterina Gelig, Sergey Gilyarevsky, Maria Golshmid, Arseniy Goncharov, Anastasia Gorbunova, Ivan Gordeev, Vera Gorelysheva, Tatiana Goryunova, Irina Grebenshchikova, Roman Ilchenko, Maria Ivannikova, Saule Karabalieva, Juliya Karpeeva, Elena Khaykina, Zhanna Kobalava, Irina Kononenko, Oxana Korolik, Anna Korshunova, Victor Kostenko, Irina Krasnopevtseva, Ludmila Krylova, Polina Kulkova, Irina Kuzmina, Alla Ledyaeva, Sergey Levashov, Natalia Lokhovinina, Vadim Lvov, Narine Martirosyan, Sergey Nedogoda, Rostislav Nilk, Yulia Osmolovskaya, Alexey Panov, Olga Paramonova, Ekaterina Pavlova, Elena Pekareva, Nina Petunina, Svetlana Ponamareva, Galina Reshedko, Alla Salasyuk, Malvina Sepkhanyan, Alexandr Serebrov, Olesya Shabelnikova, Andrey Skvortsov, Olga Smirnova, Oxana Spiridonova, Svetlana Strogova, Evgeny Taratukhin, Sergey Tereschenko, Lubov Trukhina, Olga Tsarkova, Vera Tsoma, Farid Tumarov, Natalya Tyan, Tatiana Tyurina, Svetlana Villevalde, Elena Yankovaya, Ludmila Zarutskaya, Elena Zenkova, Aysha Badat, Frederik Bester, Suzanne Blignaut, Dirk Blom, Susan Booysen, Warren Boyd, Brigitte Brice, Susan Brown, Lesley Burgess, Reina Cawood, Kathleen Coetzee, Hillet Conradie, Tanja Cronje, Douwe de Jong, Graham Ellis, Shaunagh Emanuel, Ingrid Engelbrecht, Sharne Foulkes, Done Fourie, Gilbert Gibson, Thirumani Govender, Sumayah Hansa, Allana Colleen Hemus, Firzana Hendricks, Marshall Heradien, Chantelle Holmgren, Zaheer Hoosain, Emile Horak, Johannes Howard, Ignatius Immink, E. Janari, Daksha Jivan, Karl Klusmann, Weik Labuschagne, Yen-yu Lai, Gulam Latiff, J. Lombaard, Hanlie Lottering, Ronel Meeding, Shirley Middlemost, Haroon Mitha, Ismail Mitha, Sandile Mkhwanazi, Rajendran Moodley, Almeri Murray, Dany Musungaie, Yasmin Osman, Kirsten Peacey, Larisha Pillay-Ramaya, Catharina Pretorius, Hans Prozesky, Mahomed Sarvan, E Scholtz, Attila Sebesteny, Bianca Skinner, Michael Skriker, M Smit, Anna-Marie Stapelberg, Nicolaas Swanepoel, Dorothea Urbach, Dina van Aswegen, Francois van Zyl, Louis Van Zyl, Esme Venter, Shahid Wadvalla, Jeffrey Wing, Karen Wolmarans, Cristina Abreu, Pilar Aguilà, Eva Aguilera, Nuria Alonso, Carmen Alvarez, Priscila Cajas, Jose Carlos Castro, Roger Codinachs, Jose Contreras, Maria Jose Coves, Carmen Fajardo, Juan Carlos Ferrer, Neus Font, Mar Garcia, Maria Apolonia Gil, Fernando Gomez, Lluis Alberto Gomez, Jose Gonzalbez, Jose Luis Griera, Luís Masmiquel, Didac Mauricio, Silvia Narejos Perez, Juana Ana Nicolau, Olga Noheda Contreras, Josefina Olivan, Josefina Olivares, Emilio Ortega, Silvia Pellitero, Salvador Pertusa, Ferran Rius, Irene Rodriguez, Carlos Sánchez-Juan, Dolores Santos, Berta Soldevila, David Subias, Manel Terns, Carlos Trescoli, Judith Vilaplana, Alicia Villanueva, Jaan Albo, Kjell Antus, Mattias Axelsson, Lisa Bergström, Emil Binsell-Gerdin, Kurt Boman, Fabian Botond, Annika Dotevall, Anna Graipe, C Jarnet, Jessica Kaminska, Anders Kempe, Michael Korhonen, Carina Linderfalk, Bo Liu, Karl Ljungstroem, Karl Ljungström, Lennart Malmqvist, Linda Mellbin, Thomas Mooe, Peter Nicol, Anders Norrby, Ake Ohlsson, Annika Rosengren, Jan Saaf, Staffan Salmonsson, Olof Strandberg, Karl-Axel Svensson, Bengt-Olov Tengmark, Georgios Tsatsaris, Anders Ulvenstam, Peter Vasko, Chwen-Tzuei Chang, Hsin-Mei Chang, Jung-Fu Chen, To-Pang Chen, Ming-Min Chung, Chia-Po Fu, Te-Lin Hsia, Shih-Che Hua, Ming-Chun Kuo, Chia-ln Lee, I-Te Lee, Kae-Woei Liang, Shih Yi Lin, Chieh-Hsiang Lu, Wen-Ya Ma, Dee Pei, Feng-Chih Shen, Ching-Chieh Su, Shuo-Wei Su, Tsai-Sung Tai, Wan-Ni Tsai, Yi-Ting Tsai, Shih-Chen Tung, Jun-Sing Wang, Hui-I Yu, Ahmed Al-Qaissi, Vijayaraman Arutchelvam, Stephen Atkin, Simon Au, Myint Myint Aye, Stephen Bain, Cristina Bejnariu, Patrick Bell, Deepak Bhatnagar, Rudy Bilous, Neil Black, Ursula Brennan, Barbara Brett, Jana Bujanova, Elaine Chow, Andrew Collier, Amanda Combe, Christopher Courtney, Hamish Courtney, James Crothers, Patrick Eavis, Jackie Elliott, Salvatore Febbraro, Jim Finlayson, Rajiv Gandhi, Sharon Gillings, Jonathan Hamling, Roy Harper, Tim Harris, Kahal Hassan, Simon Heller, Alison Jane, Zeeshan Javed, Tim Johnson, Stephen Jones, Adele Kennedy, David Kerr, Brian Kilgallon, Judith Konya, John Lindsay, Lina Lomova-Williams, Helen Looker, David MacFarlane, Sandra Macrury, Iqbal Malik, Rory McCrimmon, Douglas McKeith, John McKnight, Biswa Mishra, Racha Mukhtar, Ciara Mulligan, Maurice O'Kane, Tolu Olateju, Ian Orpen, Tristan Richardson, Desmond Rooney, Shorsha Bae Ross, Thozhukat Sathyapalan, Naveen Siddaramaiah, Lee Euan Sit, Jeffrey Stephens, Frances Turtle, Ammar Wakil, Emma Walkinshaw, Asem Ali, Robert Anderson, Richard Arakaki, Omar Aref, Mehrdad Kevin Ariani, David Arkin, Salomon Banarer, George Barchini, Arti Bhan, Kelley Branch, Donald Brautigam, Stephen Brietzke, Maridez Brinas, Yudit Brito, Casey Carter, Kimberely Casagni, Sabina Casula, Simon Chakko, Seth Charatz, Dale Childress, Lisa Chow, Malgorzata Chustecka, Subha Clarke, Lisa Cohen, Barry Collins, Gildred Colon Vega, Angel Comulada-Rivera, Gregorio Cortes-Maisonet, Matthew Davis, Jose de Souza, Cyrus Desouza, Mary Dinnan, Bobbi Duffy-Hidalgo, Barbara Dunn, Julia Dunn, Marshall Elman, James Felicetta, Stuart Finkelstein, David Fitz-Patrick, Hermes Florez, Alan Forker, Wayne Fowler, Sonja Fredrickson, Zachary Freedman, Brooke Gainey Narron, Kristin Gainey-Ferree, Michael Gardner, Christian Gastelum, Stephen Giddings, Eve Gillespie, Michael Paul Gimness, Gary Goldstein, Maria Gomes, Nelson Gomez, Timothy Gorman, Ketan Goswami, Arthur Graves, Scott Hacking, Charles Hall, Lenita Hanson, Sherman Harman, David Heber, Robert Henry, Janette Hiner, Irl Hirsch, Priscilla Hollander, Thomas Hooker, Barry Horowitz, Laura Hoste, Loli Huang, Minh Huynh, Dan Hyman, Soha Idriss, Ali Iranmanesh, Dennis Karounos, Moti Kashyap, Lois Katz, William Kaye, Yevgeniy Khaiton, Romesh Khardori, Timothy Kitchen, Andrew Klein, Wendi Knffem, Mikhail Kosiborod, Nicola Kreglinger, Davida Kruger, Anubhav Kumar, Ivan Laboy, Patricia Larrabee, Laura Larrick, Donna Lawson, Mike Ledet, James Lenhard, James Levy, George Li, Zhaoping Li, David Lieb, April Limcolioc, Jane Lions-Patterson, Daniel Lorber, Daniel Lorch, Michael Lorrello, Peter Lu, Kathryn Jean Lucas, Siu-Ling Ma, Michael MacAdams, Michelle Magee, Alexander Magno, Aparna Reddy Mahakala, Jennifer Marks, Anthony McCall, William McClanahan, Carole McClary, Lydia Melendez, John Melish, Deanna Michaud, Christopher Miller, Neil Miller, Pablo Mora, Marriyam Moten, Sunder Mudaliar, Gregory Myrick, Puneet Narayan, Mike Nassif, Karena Neri, Tabitha Newton, Patricia Niblack, Philip Nicol, Ebenezer Nyenwe, A. Ola Odugbesan, Yolanda Okorocha, Ramón Ortiz Carrasquillo, Kwame Osei, Coromoto Palermo, Hiren Patel, Krishna Patel, Cindy Pau, Michael Perley, Sanford Plevin, Elena Plummer, Richard Powell, Mohammed Qintar, Rex Rawls, John Reyes-Castano, Lillian Reynolds, Robert Richards, Julio Rosenstock, Caroline Rowe, Jahandar Saleh, Sony Sam, Alfredo Sanchez, Donald Sander, Bruce Sanderson, Virginia Savin, Elizabeth Seaquist, Jayendra Shah, Serena Shi, Vijay Shivaswamy, Tammi Shlotzhauer, David Shore, Bobbie Skukowski, Kyaw Soe, Vesna Solheim, Joseph Soufer, Helmut Steinberg, Jaime Steinsapir, Phillip Tarkington, Debra Thayer, Stephen Thomson, James Thrasher, Joseph Tibaldi, Jeff Tjaden, Oberto Tores, Dace Trence, Subbulaxmi Trikudanathan, Jagdeesh Ullal, Gabriel Uwaifo, Anthony Vo, Kenny Vu, Damandeep Walia, Karen Weiland, Fred Whitehouse, Thomas Wiegmann, Kathleen Wyne, Alan Wynne, Kevin Yuen, Joel Zaretzky, James Zebrack, Franklin Zieve, William Zigrang, and Everest
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Recombinant Fusion Proteins, Placebo-controlled study, Glucagon-Like Peptides, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Placebo, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, Double-Blind Method, law, Internal medicine, Medicine, Albuminuria, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Diabetic Nephropathies, 030212 general & internal medicine, Renal replacement therapy, Aged, Intention-to-treat analysis, business.industry, Hazard ratio, General Medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Creatinine, Dulaglutide, Female, business, medicine.drug, Kidney disease, Glomerular Filtration Rate
Abstract: Digital, Background: Two glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists reduced renal outcomes in people with type 2 diabetes at risk for cardiovascular disease. We assessed the long-term effect of the GLP-1 receptor agonist dulaglutide on renal outcomes in an exploratory analysis of the REWIND trial of the effect of dulaglutide on cardiovascular disease. Methods: REWIND was a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial at 371 sites in 24 countries. Men and women aged at least 50 years with type 2 diabetes who had either a previous cardiovascular event or cardiovascular risk factors were randomly assigned (1:1) to either weekly subcutaneous injection of dulaglutide (1·5 mg) or placebo and followed up at least every 6 months for outcomes. Urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratios (UACRs) and estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFRs) were estimated from urine and serum values measured in local laboratories every 12 months. The primary outcome (first occurrence of the composite endpoint of non-fatal myocardial infarction, non-fatal stroke, or death from cardiovascular causes), secondary outcomes (including a composite microvascular outcome), and safety outcomes of this trial have been reported elsewhere. In this exploratory analysis, we investigate the renal component of the composite microvascular outcome, defined as the first occurrence of new macroalbuminuria (UACR >33·9 mg/mmol), a sustained decline in eGFR of 30% or more from baseline, or chronic renal replacement therapy. Analyses were by intention to treat. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01394952. Findings: Between Aug 18, 2011, and Aug 14, 2013, 9901 participants were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive dulaglutide (n=4949) or placebo (n=4952). At baseline, 791 (7·9%) had macroalbuminuria and mean eGFR was 76·9 mL/min per 1·73 m2 (SD 22·7). During a median follow-up of 5·4 years (IQR 5·1-5·9) comprising 51 820 person-years, the renal outcome developed in 848 (17·1%) participants at an incidence rate of 3·5 per 100 person-years in the dulaglutide group and in 970 (19·6%) participants at an incidence rate of 4·1 per 100 person-years in the placebo group (hazard ratio [HR] 0·85, 95% CI 0·77-0·93; p=0·0004). The clearest effect was for new macroalbuminuria (HR 0·77, 95% CI 0·68-0·87; p, Ciencias Médicas y de la Salud
Published: 2019

29. Dulaglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes (REWIND): a double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled trial

Author: Hertzel C Gerstein, Helen M Colhoun, Gilles R Dagenais, Rafael Diaz, Mark Lakshmanan, Prem Pais, Jeffrey Probstfield, Jeffrey S Riesmeyer, Matthew C Riddle, Lars Rydén, Denis Xavier, Charles Messan Atisso, Leanne Dyal, Stephanie Hall, Purnima Rao-Melacini, Gloria Wong, Alvaro Avezum, Jan Basile, Namsik Chung, Ignacio Conget, William C Cushman, Edward Franek, Nicolae Hancu, Markolf Hanefeld, Shaun Holt, Petr Jansky, Matyas Keltai, Fernando Lanas, Lawrence A Leiter, Patricio Lopez-Jaramillo, Ernesto German Cardona Munoz, Valdis Pirags, Nana Pogosova, Peter J Raubenheimer, Jonathan E Shaw, Wayne H-H Sheu, Theodora Temelkova-Kurktschiev, Mercedes Abella, Andrea Alebuena, Sandra Almagro, Eduardo Amoroso, Paula Anadon, Elizabeth Andreu, Guillermo Aristimuño, Maria Arzadun, Maria Barbieri, Raul Barcudi, Ines Bartolacci, Gabriel Bolobanich, Anselmo Bordonava, Miguel Bustamante Labarta, Betina Bustos, Alberto Caccavo, Alejandra Camino, Maria Cantero, Maria Carignano, Luis Cartasegna, Marcela Cipullo, Víctor Commendatore, Victoria Conosciuto, Osvaldo Costamagna, Claudia Crespo, Jose Cuello, Carlos Cuneo, Sandra Cusimano, Sofia Dean, Claudio Dituro, Andrea Dominguez, Miguel Farah, Alberto Fernandez, Florencia Fernandez, Adriana Ferrari, Patricia Flammia, Jose Fuentealba, Karina Beatriz Gallardo, Celso Garcia, Ruben Garcia Duran, Marcelo Garrido, Rodolfo Gavicola, Claudio Gerbaudo, Graciela Gilli, Ana Paula Giotto, Pedro Godoy Bolzán, Oscar Gomez Vilamajo, Fernando Guerlloy, Cristian Guridi, Narcisa Gutierrez Garrido, Eduardo Hasbani, Sonia Hermida, Miguel Hominal, Adrian Hrabar, Adrián Ingaramo, Alejandra Izzicupo, Mario Krynski, Mariana Lagrutta, Paulina Lanchiotti, Maria Langhe, Veronica Leonard, Javier Llanos, Ricardo Lopez Santi, Jorge Lowenstein, Cecilia Luquez, Ignacio Mackinnon, Melina Mana, Sara Manzur, Javier Marino, Carolina Martella, Roger Martinez, Re Matias, Javier Matkovich, Monica Meritano, Oscar Montaña, María Mulazzi, Juan Ochoa, Gustavo Paterlini, María Pelagagge, Maria Elena Peralta Lopez, Aldo Prado, Lorena Pruyas, Martín Racca, Carola Ricotti, Carolina Rodriguez, Mariano Romero Vidomlansky, Ricardo Ronderos, Ana Laura Sadowski, Jorgelina Sala, Alejandro Sánchez, Andrea Santoro, Lilia Schiavi, Mariano Sein, Virginia Sernia, Leonardo Serra, Maximiliano Sicer, Tomas Smith, Leonardo Soso, Georgina Sposetti, Andrea Steinacher, Jorge Stival, Jorge Tedesco, Hugo Tonin, Mauro Tortolo, Maria Ulla, Julio Vallejos, Marisa Vico, Luciana Virgillito, Virginia Visco, Daniel Vogel, Florencia Waisman, César Zaidman, Noemi Zucchiatti, Imran Badshah, Neale Cohen, Peter Colman, David Colquhoun, Timothy Davis, Spiros Fourlanos, Greg Fulcher, Jane Hamlyn, Cilla Haywood, Samantha Hocking, Maeve Huchinson, William Jeffries, Mervyn Kyl, Clement Lo, PeakMann Mah, Ashley Makepeace, Dolly Marope, Natalie Nanayakkar, Alison Nankervis, Neil Palmer, Barbara Palolus, Satish Pillai, Sarah Price, Joseph Proietto, Anne Reutens, Natassia Rodrigo, Abdul Sheikh, Greg Smith, Michelle So, Georgia Soldatos, Bronwyn Stuckey, Priya Sumithran, Helena Teede, Parind Vora, Lyn Williams, Eduardo Abib, Christiani Adão Poço, Érica Ferreira Alves, Janaina Andreatta Bernardi Barea, Livia Avezum Oliveira, Denise Ludovico da Costa de Castro, Ivan Correa da Cruz, Midiã Costa, Ivan Cruz, Sidney Cunha, Marco Antonio Vieira Da Silva, Renata de Carvalho Camara Bona, Bruna de Paula, Freddy Eliaschewitz, Guilherme Fazolli, Carlos Alberto Ferreira Filho, Jose Fortes, Cesar França, Denise Reis Franco, Paulo Roberto Genestreti, Flavio Giorgeto, Rodrigo Marques Gonçalves, Michele Elka Grossman, Ana Claudia Henrique Marcelino, Mauro Hernandes, Ana Horta, Cristiano Jaeger, Midia Kaneblai, Cecilia Kauffman Rutenberg, Jose Francisco Kerr Saraiva, Maria Angelica Lemos, Lilia Maia, Euler Roberto Manenti, Mariana Marques, Cynthia Melissa Valerio, Rodrigo Moreira, Flávia Mothé, Osana Maria Mouco, Philip Moura, José Carlos Moura Jorge, Carlos Nakashima, Marcelo Nakazone, Thiago Napoli, Cristiane Nunes, Joao Eduardo Nunes Salles, Karla Oliveira, Marcela Oliveira, Gracielly de Souza Pantano, Fabio Petri, Leonardo Piazza, Andreia Carla Pires, Patricia Pizzato, Sergio Prata, Dalton Precoma, Rafael Rech, Gilmar Reis, Heleno Reis, Elisabete Resende, Jose Ribas Fortes, Sylka Rodovalho, Fabio Rossi dos Santos, Joao Eduardo Salles, Célia Regina Sampaio, Thiago Santos, Vanessa Santos dos Santos, Tulio Silva e Quadros, Daniel Silveira, Katia Nunes Siqueira, M Teireira, Marcelo Uehara, C Valerio, Henrique Vianna, Maria Helena Vidotti, Guilherme de Lima Visconti, Maria Teresa Zanella, Viktoriya Andreeva, Radoslav Borisov, Nikolay Botushanov, Georgi Dimitrov, Kameliya Dimova, Tsvetan Dragoychev, Valentina Grigorova, Valentina Gushterova, Ivaylo Ivanov, Tatyana Kocelova, Dimo Kurktschiev, Milena Miletieva, Neli Nenkova-Gugusheva, Ralitsa Pancheva, Maria Pavlova, Dimitar Raev, Vesela Spasova, Anastas Stoikov, Dimitar Troev, Todor Yanev, Mariana Yoncheva-Mihaylova, Alexander Abitbol, Buki Ajala, Abdullh Alguwaihes, Jean-Luc Ardilouze, Nahla Aris-Jilwan, Amel Arnaout, Ronnie Aronson, Nadeem Aslam, Sandra Babin, Jean-Patrice Bailargeon, Allan Bailey, Harpreet Bajaj, Christian Beauchesne, Sorin Beca, Andre Belanger, Alan Bell, Diego Bellabarba, Lori Berard, Brian Berenbaum, Vincent Bergeron, Joseph Berlingieri, Frédéric Bernier, Phoebe Bishara, David Blank, Ian Blumer, Suzanne Brault, Donald Breton, André Carpentier, James Cha, Prakash Chandra, Jean-Louis Chiasson, James R Conway, Ghyslaine Couture, Nathalie Couture, Gilles Dagenais, Dyotirmoy Datta, Giuseppe D'Ignazio, Richard Dumas, Didier Fay, Andre Frechette, Louise Frenette, Daisy Fung, Nathalie Gagnon, Meri Galter, Jean Garon, Jean Sebastien Gauthier, Christian Geadah, Jeremy Gilbert, Ronald Girard, Ronald Goldenberg, Loren David Grossman, Nikhil Gupta, Jean-Pierre Halle, Marie-France Hivert, Ghislaine Houde, Robyn Houlden, Irene Hramiak, Ted Jablonski, Akshay Jain Jain, Hasnain Khandwala, Munish Khosla, C Lachance, Emilie Laflamme, Marie-France Langlois, Luc Larivee, Joanne Liutkus, Heather Lochnan, Saleem Malik, Charlotte McDonald, Pravinsagar Mehta, John Mihailidis, Alain Milot, Priya Narula, Patrice Nault, Arun Nayar, William Nisker, Gilles Ouellet, Jean Palardy, Minta Patel, Terri Paul, Sue Pedersen, Patrice Perron, Marie-Hélène Pesant, Paul Poirier, Marie-Claude Poulin, Zubin Punthakee, Waheed Rehman, Stuart Ross, P Sagar, Nouhad Saliba, Sam Sandler, Alicia Schiffrin, Robert Schlosser, Anila Seth-Sharma, Mark Sherman, David Sionit, Tharsan Sivakumar, Juan Soto, Eric St-Amour, Oren Steen, Jack Sussman, Adam Telner, Sheldon Tobe, David-Yaw Twum-Barima, Audrey Van Zanten, Nicole VanRossum, Jonathan Vecchiarelli, Rick Ward, John Wessengel, Stanley Weisnagel, Igor Wilderman, Vincent Woo, Natalia Yakubovich, Jean-Francois Yale, Zeina Yared, Monica Acevedo, Maria Loreto Aguirre, Andres Aizman, Maria Soledad Barroso, Leonardo Cobos, Alfredo Danin Vargas, Barbara Descalzi, Gonzalo Godoy, Elio Grumberg, Rodolfo Lahsen, Gladys Larenas, Eugenia Ortiz, Javier Paredes, Sergio Potthoff, Eva Retamal, Luis Rojas, Manuel Salgado, Claudio Santibanez, Carmen Solis, Benjamin Stokins, Jose Accini, Javier Acebedo, Lina Maria Agudelo Baena, Soraya Alarcon, Juliana Angel, Edgar Arcos, M Aroca Martinez, Leonor Atuesta, Jose Balaguera, Doris Ballestas, Sandra Isabel Barrera, Rosmy Barrios Reyes, Adolfo Bayona, Andres Bermudez, Diego Zarate Bernal, Marco Blanquicett, Victor Bravo, Wendy Bueno, Alvaro Burbano Delgado, Alberto Cadena, Andres Cadena, Sandra Caicedo, Carlos Celemin, Ricardo Consuegra, Cristhian Contreras Pimienta, Kelly Johenis Corredor, Carlos Cure, Lizeth Dayana De La Hoz Rueda, Erika Delgado, Sarahy Diaz, Marta Diego, Anabell Donado, William Encinales Sanabria, Juliana Escobar, Gillian Escorcia, Leonardo Forero, Laura Fuentes, Maria Garcia, Henry Garcia Lozada, Luis Garcia Ortiz, Angela Giraldo, Laura Gomez Gonzalez, Javier Granada, Corina Gutierrez, Natalia Henao, Edwin Hernandez, Olga Maria Herrera Uejbe, Juan Diego Higuera Cobos, Jaime Ibarra Gómez, Edwin Hernandez Jaimes, Monica Jaramillo, Nicolas Jaramillo, Carlos Jaramillo Gomez, Monica Jaramillo Sanchez, Ivonne Jarava Durán, Catalina Lopez Ceballos, Claudia Madrid, Elias María Amastha, Jennifer Mercado, Dora Ines Molina, Jessica Molina Soto, Carlos Montoya, Alexander Morales, Carolina Muñoz, Luis Alejandro Orozco, Oscar Osorio, Jorge Mario Palmera Sanchez, Adwar Peña, Jose Perez, Juan Perez Agudelo, Germán Pérez Amador, Carlos Pertuz, Irina Posada, Carlos Puerta, Adalberto Quintero, Diana Quiroz, Carmen Rendon, Alberto Reyes, Alvaro Reyes, Diana Ripoll, Carlos Rivera, Maria Rocha, Jose F Rodriguez, Kervis Asid Rodriguez Villanueva, Javier Emilio Rodriguez Zabala, Sindy Rojas, Maria Romero, Ricardo Rosero, Angelica Rocio Rosillo Cardenas, Lina Rueda, Gregorio Sanchez, Tatiana Sanchez, Arístides Sotomayor Herazo, Monica Suarez, Mariana Torres, Freddy Trujillo, Miguel Urina, Lazaro Van Strahlen, Carlos Velandia, Carolina Velasquez Guzman, Elizabeth Velazquez, Tatiana Vidal Prada, Juan Pablo Yepez Alvaran, Diego Zarate, Jana Andelova, Radka Benesova, Barbara Buzova, Vladimir Cech, Ida Chodova, Miroslav Choura, Antonin Dufka, Andrea Gamova, Jakub Gorgol, Tomas Hala, Hana Havlova, Dagmar Hlavkova, Petra Horanska, Juliana Ilcisin-Valova, Petra Jenickova, Ondrej Jerabek, Ilona Kantorova, Katerina Kolomaznikova, Iva Kopeckova, Miroslava Kopeckova, Karel Linhart, Tomas Linhart, Jan Malecha, Emilia Malicherova, Dana Neubauerova, Martina Oznerova, Radan Partys, Eva Pederzoliova, Maria Petrusova, Vera Prymkova, Eva Racicka, Ida Reissova, Eva Roderova, Libor Stanek, Alena Striova, Dana Svarcova, Petr Svoboda, Emilia Szeghy Malicharova, Jan Urge, Ladislav Vesely, Bedich Wasserburger, Hilde Wasserburgerova, Emil Zahumensky, Vaclav Zamrazil, Hasan Alawi, Ernestos Anastasiadis, Elisabeth Axthelm, Tasso Bieler, Christina Buhrig, Elizaveta Degtyareva, Frank Dellanna, Karl-Michael Derwahl, Stephan Diessel, Barbara Dogiami, Kirsten Dorn-Weitzel, Monika Ernst, Grit Faulmann, Baerbel Fetscher, Thomas Forst, Gabriele Freyer-Lahres, Klaus Funke, Xenia Ganz, Christiane Gleixner, Christoph Hanefeld, Sven Heinrichs, Stephanie Helleberg, Elena Henkel, Gerd Ruediger Hetzel, Caren Hoffmann, Frohmut Jacob, Stephan Jacob, Franziska John, Antonius Jonczyk, Wolfram Kamke, Christiane Klein, Martina Kleinhardt, Werner Kleophas, Christine Kosch, Kristin Kreutzmann, Achim Kühn, Young Hee Lee-Barkey, Alexander Lier, Sarah Maatouk, Joachim Minnich, Michael Mitry, Ilona Muessig, Diana Nicula, Martina Niemann, Joerg Nothroff, Petra Ott, Andreas Pfuetzner, Andreas Pfützner, Frank Pistrosch, Wildgard Pohl, Zdenka Prochazkova, Marlena Retkowska, Heiko Rosin, Daniela Sachsenheimer, Holger Samer, Mazin Sanuri, Axel Schaefer, Frank Schaper, Erik-Delf Schulze, Marita Schulze, Martina Schumann, Thomas Segiet, Veronika Sowa, Hans-Detlev Stahl, Franziska Steinfeldt, Madlen Teige, Bjoern Trieb, Diethelm Tschoepe, Peter Uebel, Bernd Warken, Ingo Weigmann, Klaus Weyland, Klara Wilhelm, Timea Balo, Miklos Balsay, Ilona Bende, Katalin Bezzegh, Zita Birkus, Barbara Buday, Melinda Csomai, Laszlo Deak, Eniko Dezso, Peter Faludi, M Faluvegi, Ilona Fazekas, Agota Feher, Csaba Fejer, Ervin Finta, Agnes Fulcz, Zsolt Gaal, Mihaly Gurzo, Krisztina Hati, Gabriella Herczeg, Ildiko Jozsef, Marta Juhasz, Katalin Keltai, Laszlo Koranyi, Eniko Kulcsar, Krisztina Kun, Andrea Laczko, Botond Literáti-Nagy, Izabella Mezo, Margit Mileder, I Moricz, Károly Nagy, Bela Nagybaczoni, Csaba Nemeth, Agnes Oze, Jozsef Pauer, Eva Peterfai, Bela Polocsanyi, Ferenc Poor, István Reiber, Csaba Salamon, Julia Sebestyen, Ildiko Torok, Marianna Tuu, Andrea Varga, Viktor Vass, Chul Min Ahn, Chulwoo Ahn, Park ByungWon, Hyuk-Jae Chang, Kiyuk Chang, Eui-Young Choi, Han Seok Choi, Jin-Wook Chung, Bum- Kee Hong, Young Joon Hong, Min Su Hyon, Myung Ho Jeong, Shinae Kang, Byeong-Keuk Kim, Ji-Hyun Kim, Ju Han Kim, Kee-Sik Kim, Moo Hyun Kim, Pum-Joon Kim, Soon-Kil Kim, Yong-Seok Kim, Young Kwon Kim, Yoon Seok Koh, Hyuck Moon Kwon, Byoung Kwon Lee, Byung-Wan Lee, Jin Bae Lee, Myoung-Mook Lee, Young-Mee Lim, Pil Ki Min, Jong Sung Park, Jongsuk Park, Keun Ho Park, Sungha Park, Wook Bum Pyun, Se Joong Rim, Dong-Ryeol Ryu, Hong-Seog Seo, Ki Bae Seung, Dong-Ho Shin, Doo Sun Sim, Young Won Yoon, Ilze Andersone, Kristine Babicka, Inga Balcere, Roberts Barons, Inguna Capkovska, Kristine Geldnere, Inese Grigane, Baiba Jegere, Ilze Lagzdina, Lija Mora, Sigita Pastare, Rota Ritenberga, Janina Romanova, Inta Saknite, Natalja Sidlovska, Jelena Sokolova, Sandra Steina, Iveta Strizko, Dace Teterovska, Brigita Vizina, Lina Barsiene, Gintare Belozariene, Laura Daugintyte-Petrusiene, Nijole Drungiliene, Nijole Garsviene, Ala Grigiene, Vytautas Grizas, Virginija Jociene, Dalia Kalvaitiene, Jugeta Kaupiene, Jurate Kavaliauskiene, Dalia Kozloviene, Ilona Lapteva, Birute Maneikiene, Jolanta Marcinkeviciene, Vaidilija Markauskiene, Salomeja Meiluniene, Almantas Norkus, Rita Norviliene, Vladimiras Petrenko, Ruta Radzeviciene, Gintare Sakalyte, Gediminas Urbonas, Skaiste Urbutiene, Donatas Vasiliauskas, Dzilda Velickiene, Carlos Aguilar, Marco Alcocer, Juan Antonio Avalos-Ramirez, Ramiro Banda-Elizondo, Rubria Bricio-Ramirez, Karla Cardenas Mejia, Francisco Cavazos, Jesus Chapa, Erika Cienfuegos, Astrid De la Peña, Gilberto de la Peña Topete, Manuel Odin De los Rios Ibarra, Daniel Elias, Claudia Flores-Moreno, Pedro Garcia Hernandez, Luis Gerardo Gonzalez, Rosa Linda Guerra Moya, Arturo Guerra-Lopez, Raymundo Hernandez Baylon, Carolina Herrera Colorado, Marisol Herrera-Marmolejo, Neri Islas-Palacios, Esteban Lopez, Fernando Lopez, Agustin Lopez Alvarado, Rosa Isela Luna Ceballos, Enrique Morales Villegas, Gualberto Moreno-Virgen, Rosa Linda Parra Perez, Sara Pascoe Gonzalez, Irving Peralta-Cantu, Roopa Previn, Rosa Ramirez, Rubria Ramirez, Maria Guadalupe Ramos Zavala, Monica Rodriguez, Rocio Salgado-Sedano, Ana Claudia Sanchez-Aguilar, Edith Santa Rosa Franco, Leobardo Sauque-Reyna, Rodrigo Suarez Otero, Ivonne Torres, Enrique Velarde-Harnandez, Juan Villagordoa, Efrain Villeda-Espinoza, Jorge Vital-Lopez, Cristian Jair Zavala- Bello, John Baker, Elaine Barrington-Ward, Thomas Brownless, Richard Carroll, Simon Carson, Michelle Choe, Andrew Corin, Brian Corley, Richard Cutfield, Neelam Dalaman, Paul Dixon, Paul Drury, Keith Dyson, Chris Florkowski, Monica Ford, William Frengley, Colin Helm, Colin Katzen, Jane Kerr, Manish Khanolkar, David Kim, Renata Koops, Jeremy Krebs, Robert Leikis, Kwan Low, Alison Luckey, Richard Luke, Susan Macaulay, Rodney Marks, Catherine McNamara, Dean Millar-Coote, Steven Miller, Naomi Mottershead, James Reid, Narcisa Robertson, Ian Rosen, David Rowe, Ole Schmiedel, Russell Scott, Jeffrey Sebastian, Davitt Sheahan, Victoria Stiebel, Ian Ternouth, Chris Tofield, Dirk Venter, Michael Williams, Miles Williams, Fiona Wu, Simon Young, Malgorzata Arciszewska, Anna Bochenek, Piotr Borkowski, Przemyslaw Borowy, Tomasz Chrzanowski, Edward Czerwinski, Marek Dwojak, Agnieszka Grodzicka, Izabela Janiec, Joanna Jaruga, Ewa Krystyna Jazwinska-Tarnawska, Krystyna Jedynasty, Danuta Juzwiak-Czapiewska, Jadwiga Karczewicz-Janowska, Jan Konieczny, Marek Konieczny, Marek Korol, Maciej Kozina, Ewa Krzyzagorska, Ewa Kucharczyk-Petryka, Roman Laz, Anna Majchrzak, Zdzislawa Mrozowska, Michal Mularczyk, Elzbieta Nowacka, Jadwiga Peczynska, Robert Petryka, Radoslaw Pietrzak, Dorota Pisarczyk-Wiza, Aleksandra Rozanska, Zofia Ruzga, Emilia Rzeszotarska, Malgorzata Sacha, Marzenna Sekulska, Anna Sidorowicz-Bialynicka, Teresa Stasinska, Agnieszka Strzelecka-Sosik, Teresa Swierszcz, Katarzyna Miroslawa Szymkowiak, Olga Turowska, Krystyna Wisniewska, Maciej Wiza, Iwona Wozniak, Katarzyna Zelazowska, Bernadetta Ziolkowska-Gawron, Danuta Zytkiewicz-Jaruga, Adrian Albota, Carmina Alexandru, Rodica Avram, Cornelia Bala, Diana Barbonta, Roxana Barbu, Daniela Braicu, Nicoleta Calutiu, Doina Catrinoiu, Anca Cerghizan, Alina Ciorba, Anca Craciun, Rodica Doros, Livia Duma, Ancuta Dumitrache, Ioana Ferariu, Anca Ferician Moza, Alexandrina Ghergan, Gheorghe Ghise, Mariana Graur, Mihaela Gribovschi, Bogdan Mihai, Laura Mihalache, Madalina Mihalcea, Nicoleta Mindrescu, Magdalena Morosanu, Andrea Morosoanu, Maria Mota, Anca Moza, Valerica Nafornita, Narcisa Natea, Simona Nicodim, Cristina Nita, Adriana Onaca, Mircea Onaca, Cristina Pop, Lavinia Pop, Amorin Popa, Alexandrina Popescu, Luchiana Pruna, Gabriela Roman, Mihaela Rosu, Alexandra Sima, Doina Sipciu, Carmen Narcisa Sitterli-Natea, Iosif Szilagyi, Minodora Tapurica, Adrian Tase, Adriana-Carmen Tutescu, Luminita Vanghelie, Ioana Verde, Adrian Vlad, Mihaela Zarnescu, Roman Akhmetov, Irina Allenova, Irina Avdeeva, Oksana Baturina, Irina Biserova, Nikolay Bokovin, Irina Bondar, Natalia Burova, Galina Chufeneva, Elena Chumachek, Marina Demidova, Alexander Demin, Vera Drobysheva, Irina Egorova, Lev Esenyan, Ekaterina Gelig, Sergey Gilyarevsky, Maria Golshmid, Arseniy Goncharov, Anastasia Gorbunova, Ivan Gordeev, Vera Gorelysheva, Tatiana Goryunova, Irina Grebenshchikova, Roman Ilchenko, Maria Ivannikova, Saule Karabalieva, Juliya Karpeeva, Elena Khaykina, Zhanna Kobalava, Irina Kononenko, Oxana Korolik, Anna Korshunova, Victor Kostenko, Irina Krasnopevtseva, Ludmila Krylova, Polina Kulkova, Irina Kuzmina, Alla Ledyaeva, Sergey Levashov, Natalia Lokhovinina, Vadim Lvov, Narine Martirosyan, Sergey Nedogoda, Rostislav Nilk, Yulia Osmolovskaya, Alexey Panov, Olga Paramonova, Ekaterina Pavlova, Elena Pekareva, Nina Petunina, Svetlana Ponamareva, Galina Reshedko, Alla Salasyuk, Malvina Sepkhanyan, Alexandr Serebrov, Olesya Shabelnikova, Andrey Skvortsov, Olga Smirnova, Oxana Spiridonova, Svetlana Strogova, Evgeny Taratukhin, Sergey Tereschenko, Lubov Trukhina, Olga Tsarkova, Vera Tsoma, Farid Tumarov, Natalya Tyan, Tatiana Tyurina, Svetlana Villevalde, Elena Yankovaya, Ludmila Zarutskaya, Elena Zenkova, Aysha Badat, Frederik Bester, Suzanne Blignaut, Dirk Blom, Susan Booysen, Warren Boyd, Brigitte Brice, Susan Brown, Lesley Burgess, Reina Cawood, Kathleen Coetzee, Hillet Conradie, Tanja Cronje, Douwe de Jong, Graham Ellis, Shaunagh Emanuel, Ingrid Engelbrecht, Sharne Foulkes, Done Fourie, Gilbert Gibson, Thirumani Govender, Sumayah Hansa, Allana Colleen Hemus, Firzana Hendricks, Marshall Heradien, Chantelle Holmgren, Zaheer Hoosain, Emile Horak, Johannes Howard, Ignatius Immink, E. Janari, Daksha Jivan, Karl Klusmann, Weik Labuschagne, Yen-yu Lai, Gulam Latiff, J. Lombaard, Hanlie Lottering, Ronel Meeding, Shirley Middlemost, Haroon Mitha, Ismail Mitha, Sandile Mkhwanazi, Rajendran Moodley, Almeri Murray, Dany Musungaie, Yasmin Osman, Kirsten Peacey, Larisha Pillay-Ramaya, Catharina Pretorius, Hans Prozesky, Mahomed Sarvan, E Scholtz, Attila Sebesteny, Bianca Skinner, Michael Skriker, M Smit, Anna-Marie Stapelberg, Nicolaas Swanepoel, Dorothea Urbach, Dina van Aswegen, Francois van Zyl, Louis Van Zyl, Esme Venter, Shahid Wadvalla, Jeffrey Wing, Karen Wolmarans, Cristina Abreu, Pilar Aguilà, Eva Aguilera, Nuria Alonso, Carmen Alvarez, Priscila Cajas, Jose Carlos Castro, Roger Codinachs, Jose Contreras, Maria Jose Coves, Carmen Fajardo, Juan Carlos Ferrer, Neus Font, Mar Garcia, Maria Apolonia Gil, Fernando Gomez, Lluis Alberto Gomez, Jose Gonzalbez, Jose Luis Griera, Luís Masmiquel, Didac Mauricio, Silvia Narejos Perez, Juana Ana Nicolau, Olga Noheda Contreras, Josefina Olivan, Josefina Olivares, Emilio Ortega, Silvia Pellitero, Salvador Pertusa, Ferran Rius, Irene Rodriguez, Carlos Sánchez-Juan, Dolores Santos, Berta Soldevila, David Subias, Manel Terns, Carlos Trescoli, Judith Vilaplana, Alicia Villanueva, Jaan Albo, Kjell Antus, Mattias Axelsson, Lisa Bergström, Emil Binsell-Gerdin, Kurt Boman, Fabian Botond, Annika Dotevall, Anna Graipe, C Jarnet, Jessica Kaminska, Anders Kempe, Michael Korhonen, Carina Linderfalk, Bo Liu, Karl Ljungstroem, Karl Ljungström, Lennart Malmqvist, Linda Mellbin, Thomas Mooe, Peter Nicol, Anders Norrby, Ake Ohlsson, Annika Rosengren, Jan Saaf, Staffan Salmonsson, Olof Strandberg, Karl-Axel Svensson, Bengt-Olov Tengmark, Georgios Tsatsaris, Anders Ulvenstam, Peter Vasko, Chwen-Tzuei Chang, Hsin-Mei Chang, Jung-Fu Chen, To-Pang Chen, Ming-Min Chung, Chia-Po Fu, Te-Lin Hsia, Shih-Che Hua, Ming-Chun Kuo, Chia-ln Lee, I-Te Lee, Kae-Woei Liang, Shih Yi Lin, Chieh-Hsiang Lu, Wen-Ya Ma, Dee Pei, Feng-Chih Shen, Ching-Chieh Su, Shuo-Wei Su, Tsai-Sung Tai, Wan-Ni Tsai, Yi-Ting Tsai, Shih-Chen Tung, Jun-Sing Wang, Hui-I Yu, Ahmed Al-Qaissi, Vijayaraman Arutchelvam, Stephen Atkin, Simon Au, Myint Myint Aye, Stephen Bain, Cristina Bejnariu, Patrick Bell, Deepak Bhatnagar, Rudy Bilous, Neil Black, Ursula Brennan, Barbara Brett, Jana Bujanova, Elaine Chow, Andrew Collier, Amanda Combe, Christopher Courtney, Hamish Courtney, James Crothers, Patrick Eavis, Jackie Elliott, Salvatore Febbraro, Jim Finlayson, Rajiv Gandhi, Sharon Gillings, Jonathan Hamling, Roy Harper, Tim Harris, Kahal Hassan, Simon Heller, Alison Jane, Zeeshan Javed, Tim Johnson, Stephen Jones, Adele Kennedy, David Kerr, Brian Kilgallon, Judith Konya, John Lindsay, Lina Lomova-Williams, Helen Looker, David MacFarlane, Sandra Macrury, Iqbal Malik, Rory McCrimmon, Douglas McKeith, John McKnight, Biswa Mishra, Racha Mukhtar, Ciara Mulligan, Maurice O'Kane, Tolu Olateju, Ian Orpen, Tristan Richardson, Desmond Rooney, Shorsha Bae Ross, Thozhukat Sathyapalan, Naveen Siddaramaiah, Lee Euan Sit, Jeffrey Stephens, Frances Turtle, Ammar Wakil, Emma Walkinshaw, Asem Ali, Robert Anderson, Richard Arakaki, Omar Aref, Mehrdad Kevin Ariani, David Arkin, Salomon Banarer, George Barchini, Arti Bhan, Kelley Branch, Donald Brautigam, Stephen Brietzke, Maridez Brinas, Yudit Brito, Casey Carter, Kimberely Casagni, Sabina Casula, Simon Chakko, Seth Charatz, Dale Childress, Lisa Chow, Malgorzata Chustecka, Subha Clarke, Lisa Cohen, Barry Collins, Gildred Colon Vega, Angel Comulada-Rivera, Gregorio Cortes-Maisonet, Matthew Davis, Jose de Souza, Cyrus Desouza, Mary Dinnan, Bobbi Duffy-Hidalgo, Barbara Dunn, Julia Dunn, Marshall Elman, James Felicetta, Stuart Finkelstein, David Fitz-Patrick, Hermes Florez, Alan Forker, Wayne Fowler, Sonja Fredrickson, Zachary Freedman, Brooke Gainey Narron, Kristin Gainey-Ferree, Michael Gardner, Christian Gastelum, Stephen Giddings, Eve Gillespie, Michael Paul Gimness, Gary Goldstein, Maria Gomes, Nelson Gomez, Timothy Gorman, Ketan Goswami, Arthur Graves, Scott Hacking, Charles Hall, Lenita Hanson, Sherman Harman, David Heber, Robert Henry, Janette Hiner, Irl Hirsch, Priscilla Hollander, Thomas Hooker, Barry Horowitz, Laura Hoste, Loli Huang, Minh Huynh, Dan Hyman, Soha Idriss, Ali Iranmanesh, Dennis Karounos, Moti Kashyap, Lois Katz, William Kaye, Yevgeniy Khaiton, Romesh Khardori, Timothy Kitchen, Andrew Klein, Wendi Knffem, Mikhail Kosiborod, Nicola Kreglinger, Davida Kruger, Anubhav Kumar, Ivan Laboy, Patricia Larrabee, Laura Larrick, Donna Lawson, Mike Ledet, James Lenhard, James Levy, George Li, Zhaoping Li, David Lieb, April Limcolioc, Jane Lions-Patterson, Daniel Lorber, Daniel Lorch, Michael Lorrello, Peter Lu, Kathryn Jean Lucas, Siu-Ling Ma, Michael MacAdams, Michelle Magee, Alexander Magno, Aparna Reddy Mahakala, Jennifer Marks, Anthony McCall, William McClanahan, Carole McClary, Lydia Melendez, John Melish, Deanna Michaud, Christopher Miller, Neil Miller, Pablo Mora, Marriyam Moten, Sunder Mudaliar, Gregory Myrick, Puneet Narayan, Mike Nassif, Karena Neri, Tabitha Newton, Patricia Niblack, Philip Nicol, Ebenezer Nyenwe, A. Ola Odugbesan, Yolanda Okorocha, Ramón Ortiz Carrasquillo, Kwame Osei, Coromoto Palermo, Hiren Patel, Krishna Patel, Cindy Pau, Michael Perley, Sanford Plevin, Elena Plummer, Richard Powell, Mohammed Qintar, Rex Rawls, John Reyes-Castano, Lillian Reynolds, Robert Richards, Julio Rosenstock, Caroline Rowe, Jahandar Saleh, Sony Sam, Alfredo Sanchez, Donald Sander, Bruce Sanderson, Virginia Savin, Elizabeth Seaquist, Jayendra Shah, Serena Shi, Vijay Shivaswamy, Tammi Shlotzhauer, David Shore, Bobbie Skukowski, Kyaw Soe, Vesna Solheim, Joseph Soufer, Helmut Steinberg, Jaime Steinsapir, Phillip Tarkington, Debra Thayer, Stephen Thomson, James Thrasher, Joseph Tibaldi, Jeff Tjaden, Oberto Tores, Dace Trence, Subbulaxmi Trikudanathan, Jagdeesh Ullal, Gabriel Uwaifo, Anthony Vo, Kenny Vu, Damandeep Walia, Karen Weiland, Fred Whitehouse, Thomas Wiegmann, Kathleen Wyne, Alan Wynne, Kevin Yuen, Joel Zaretzky, James Zebrack, Franklin Zieve, William Zigrang, and Everest
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Recombinant Fusion Proteins, Population, Placebo-controlled study, Glucagon-Like Peptides, Myocardial Infarction, Type 2 diabetes, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Placebo, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, Double-Blind Method, law, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, 030212 general & internal medicine, education, Aged, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Semaglutide, Hazard ratio, General Medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments, Stroke, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Cardiovascular Diseases, Dulaglutide, Female, business, medicine.drug
Abstract: Digital, Background Three different glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists reduce cardiovascular outcomes in people with type 2 diabetes at high cardiovascular risk with high glycated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) concentrations. We assessed the effect of the GLP-1 receptor agonist dulaglutide on major adverse cardiovascular events when added to the existing antihyperglycaemic regimens of individuals with type 2 diabetes with and without previous cardiovascular disease and a wide range of glycaemic control. Methods This multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was done at 371 sites in 24 countries. Men and women aged at least 50 years with type 2 diabetes who had either a previous cardiovascular event or cardiovascular risk factors were randomly assigned (1:1) to either weekly subcutaneous injection of dulaglutide (1·5 mg) or placebo. Randomisation was done by a computer-generated random code with stratification by site. All investigators and participants were masked to treatment assignment. Participants were followed up at least every 6 months for incident cardiovascular and other serious clinical outcomes. The primary outcome was the first occurrence of the composite endpoint of non-fatal myocardial infarction, non-fatal stroke, or death from cardiovascular causes (including unknown causes), which was assessed in the intention-to-treat population. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01394952. Findings Between Aug 18, 2011, and Aug 14, 2013, 9901 participants (mean age 66·2 years [SD 6·5], median HbA1c 7·2% [IQR 6·6–8·1], 4589 [46·3%] women) were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive dulaglutide (n=4949) or placebo (n=4952). During a median follow-up of 5·4 years (IQR 5·1–5·9), the primary composite outcome occurred in 594 (12·0%) participants at an incidence rate of 2·4 per 100 person-years in the dulaglutide group and in 663 (13·4%) participants at an incidence rate of 2·7 per 100 person-years in the placebo group (hazard ratio [HR] 0·88, 95% CI 0·79–0·99; p=0·026). All-cause mortality did not differ between groups (536 [10·8%] in the dulaglutide group vs 592 [12·0%] in the placebo group; HR 0·90, 95% CI 0·80–1·01; p=0·067). 2347 (47·4%) participants assigned to dulaglutide reported a gastrointestinal adverse event during follow-up compared with 1687 (34·1%) participants assigned to placebo (p, Ciencias Médicas y de la Salud
Published: 2019

30. Mãe, um novo olhar : Superando conflitos

Author: Ana Horta and Ana Horta
Abstract: Esse livro relata a experiência de uma mulher que, após ser mãe, descobriu que precisava de novas maneiras de criar sua filha, deixando claro que mãe não deve somente se preocupar com o bem-estar físico do seu filho, sendo necessário muitas indagações e aprendizados para seu desenvolvimento emocional também, devendo observá-lo mais, para entender até onde ele está alcançando uma boa criação, em todos os seus aspectos. E, como mãe, não repetir apenas o que aprendeu na infância. Hoje, temos muitas tecnologias, informações e incentivos que ajudam a pular etapas do crescimento de qualquer criança. A mídia pode criar um miniadulto, e isso não é bom! Mãe deve e precisa ser uma eterna aprendiz, pois as criações mudam a cada instante, necessitando muitos conhecimentos para que se viva uma maternidade por excelência.
Published: 2020

31. Maternidade sem preconceitos : O amor não tem cor

Author: Ana Horta and Ana Horta
Abstract: Maternidade em Cena é o relato real das alegrias e dissabores da maternidade. Com pequenas pílulas de verdade e de sensibilidade a autora mostra o dia a dia da vida e das relações de mãe e filhos, ora com humor, ora com amor. São cenas que traduzem o momento mágico e avassalador da transformação da mulher em mãe.
Published: 2019

32. Longitudinal evaluation of regulatory T-cell dynamics on HIV-infected individuals during the first 2 years of therapy

Author: Ana Martins-Ribeiro, Catarina L. Santos, Rui Sarmento-Castro, Claudia Nobrega, Rita Rb-Silva, Margarida Correia-Neves, Vitor Coutinho-Teixeira, Ana Baldaia, Ana Horta, and Universidade do Minho
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Gerontology, Male, Time Factors, Medicina Básica [Ciências Médicas], Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), HIV Infections, medicine.disease_cause, T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory, regulatory T cells, Baseline CD4+ T-cell counts, Basic Science, T-Lymphocyte Subsets, Hiv infected, baseline CD4+ T-cell counts, Immunology and Allergy, Longitudinal Studies, Immunity, Cellular, hemic and immune systems, Regulatory T cells, immune reconstitution, Middle Aged, Antiretroviral therapy, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, Anti-Retroviral Agents, Ciências Médicas::Medicina Básica, Female, Lymphocyte subsets, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Immunology, antiretroviral therapy, Context (language use), chemical and pharmacologic phenomena, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, medicine, Humans, Aged, Gynecology, Science & Technology, business.industry, HIV, Immune reconstitution, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, 030104 developmental biology, Chronic disease, business
Abstract: Objectives: A sizeable percentage of individuals infected by HIV and on antiretroviral therapy (ART) fail to increase their CD4+ T-cells to satisfactory levels. The percentage of regulatory T-cells (Tregs) has been suggested to contribute to this impairment. This study aimed to address this question and to expand the analysis of Tregs subpopulations during ART. Design: Longitudinal follow-up of 81 HIV-infected individuals during the first 24 months on ART. Methods: CD4+ T-cell counts, Tregs percentages, and specific Tregs subpopulations were evaluated at ART onset, 2, 6, 9, 12, 16, 20, and 24 months of ART (five individuals had no Tregs information at baseline). Results: The slope of CD4+ T-cell recovery was similar for individuals with moderate and with severe lymphopenia at ART onset. No evidence was found for a contribution of the baseline Tregs percentages on the CD4+ T-cell counts recovery throughout ART. In comparison to uninfected individuals, Tregs percentages were higher at ART onset only for patients with less than 200?cells/µl at baseline and decreased afterwards reaching normal values. Within Tregs, the percentage of naive cells remained low in these patients. Reduced thymic export and increased proliferation of Tregs vs. conventional CD4+ T cells might explain these persistent alterations. Conclusion: No effect of Tregs percentages at baseline was detected on CD4+ T-cell recovery. However, profound alterations on Tregs subpopulations were consistently observed throughout ART for patients with severe lymphopenia at ART onset., The work was funded by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT; PIC/IC/83313/2007) and cofinanced by the Programa Operacional Novo Norte (ON.2 – O Novo Norte) under the Quadro de Referencia Estratégica Nacional (QREN) through the Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional (FEDER). A FCT fellowship, under the Programa Operacional Potencial Humano (POPH) through the Fundo Social Europeu (FSE), was given to C.N. (SFRH/BPD/65380/2009) and to R.Rb-S. (PD/BD/106047/2015; fellowship in the context of the Inter-University Doctoral Programme in Ageing and Chronic Disease, a FCT PhD Program)
Published: 2016

33. Mobile phones, batteries and power consumption: An analysis of social practices in Portugal

Author: Nélia Nobre, Augusta Correia, Susana Fonseca, Mónica Truninger, Ana Horta, and Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa
Subjects: Knowledge management, 020209 energy, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, 050801 communication & media studies, 02 engineering and technology, Power (social and political), 0508 media and communications, Agency (sociology), 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Normalization (sociology), Social science, Everyday life, Empirical evidence, Tecnologias da informação e da comunicação, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, business.industry, 05 social sciences, Energy consumption, Fuel Technology, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, Information and Communications Technology, Power consumption, Consumo de energia, Psychology, business, Social Sciences (miscellaneous)
Abstract: The article examines how social practices of charging and managing the power of mobile phones are formed. The usefulness of the concept of distributed agency as a tool for the understanding of the dimensions that constitute social practices related to energy consumption is explored. Based on findings from interviews and a survey conducted with adolescents, three moments in the formation of these practices are identified: emergence of elementary battery use, acceleration of rhythm and establishment of links, and normalization. The article provides empirical evidence of the distributed agency of bodies, objects, and socio-cultural contexts in the development of these practices.
Published: 2016
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34. Integrating portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) measurement uncertainty for accurate soil contamination mapping

Author: João Neves, Leonardo Azevedo, Amílcar Soares, L. E. Pozza, and Ana Horta
Subjects: Soil Science, Sequential simulation, Sampling (statistics), Soil science, Heavy metals, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, 010501 environmental sciences, Contamination, 01 natural sciences, Soil contamination, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Portable X-ray, Environmental science, Measurement uncertainty, Soil moisture content, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: A significant reduction in the costs associated with contamination assessments can be achieved if traditional soil sampling for contaminated-site characterization is complemented by real-time sampling using proximal soil sensors. Real-time sampling using a portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) device is a cheap and fast sampling method to provide more data and reduce the time needed to map soil contamination. The main disadvantage of using pXRF is the degree of uncertainty of these in situ measurements due to the technology’s indirect nature, and its sensitivity to soil heterogeneity and soil moisture content. This study evaluates the potential of using both pXRF and traditional soil sampling measurements to accurately map soil contamination due to the presence of heavy metals. The approach proposed uses geostatistical sequential simulation with local probability distributions to characterize and integrate pXRF uncertainty at each sampling location. The resulting maps agree with the contamination map obtained using traditional laboratory data only, in terms of mapping accuracy and extent of contaminated areas. This study shows that with few collocated pXRF and laboratory analytical data it is possible to identify contaminated areas accurately, thus providing a cost-effective solution to work with pXRF data directly.
Published: 2021
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35. Presence-only species distribution models are sensitive to sample prevalence: Evaluating models using spatial prediction stability and accuracy metrics

Author: Liam Grimmett, Ana Horta, and Rachel Whitsed
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Computer science, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Ecological Modeling, Species distribution, Sampling (statistics), Sample (statistics), Replicate, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Stability (probability), Environmental niche modelling, Consistency (statistics), Sample size determination, Statistics
Abstract: Species distribution modelling (SDM) is an important tool for ecologists, but different algorithms and different sampling strategies produce different results. Using virtual species with differing characteristics, this study investigated the effect of sampling strategy choices on SDM predictions across multiple algorithms and species, including the impacts of different sample size and prevalence choices, and the effects of validating models using presence and background data as opposed to true absences. We also assessed the consistency of predictions between algorithms, and investigated the effectiveness of using stability assessment of spatial predictions in geographic space to evaluate SDM predictions. Maxent performed most consistently under all scenarios both in regards to performance metrics and spatial prediction stability, and should be considered for most scenarios either on its own or as part of a model ensemble, in particular when true absences are not available. A key recommendation of this study is the use of metrics to assess agreement between replicate predictions as a measure of spatial stability, rather than relying solely on performance metrics such as area under the curve (AUC).
Published: 2020
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36. Energy poverty in Portugal: Combining vulnerability mapping with household interviews

Author: João Gouveia, Luísa Schmidt, João Carlos Sousa, Sofia Simoes, Ana Horta, Pedro Palma, and Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa
Subjects: Vulnerability index, 020209 energy, Population, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Vulnerability, Sample (statistics), 02 engineering and technology, Energy vulnerability index, 021105 building & construction, 11. Sustainability, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, media_common.cataloged_instance, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, European union, education, Socioeconomics, Socioeconomic status, Energy poverty, Civil and Structural Engineering, media_common, education.field_of_study, Mechanical Engineering, 1. No poverty, Building and Construction, Households, Geography, Fuel poverty
Abstract: Energy poverty seriously affects living conditions and health. In spite of its mild climate, Portugal has been pointed out as one of the most vulnerable countries in the European Union. Due to the multidimensionality of energy poverty, attention needs to be paid to specific factors contributing to it in different contexts. This paper contributes to a better understanding of energy poverty by providing results from a study combining the use of an energy poverty vulnerability index and mapping - based on a detailed quantitative analysis of all 3092 civil parishes -, with interviews conducted with 100 households in ten hotspots across the country. The sample of interviewees includes both rural and urban dwellers, several family types, and individuals of different ages, social and economic status, and living in different types of buildings. Results show the extent, but also variability, of vulnerability to energy poverty throughout the country. Findings also show that households may consider normal and acceptable to feel both cold and hot at home, either in winter or in summer. This can hinder the social recognition of the energy poverty problem and the need to tackle its negative consequences on the well-being and health of the population.
Published: 2019

37. Definition of immunological nonresponse to antiretroviral therapy: a systematic review

Author: Pedro Teixeira, Cristina João, Rita Rb-Silva, Christine Kelly, Ana Goios, Ana Horta, Margarida Correia-Neves, and Universidade do Minho
Subjects: Immune recovery, Sustained Virologic Response, Anti-HIV Agents, Medicina Básica [Ciências Médicas], MEDLINE, Context (language use), HIV Infections, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Nursing, CD4+ T-cell count, Political science, Terminology as Topic, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), 030212 general & internal medicine, 0303 health sciences, Science & Technology, Scope (project management), 030306 microbiology, Foundation (evidence), HIV infection, Antiretroviral therapy, 3. Good health, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Infectious Diseases, Immunological nonresponders, Ciências Médicas::Medicina Básica, Systematic review
Abstract: Terms and criteria to classify people living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy who fail to achieve satisfactory CD4 T-cell counts are heterogeneous, and need revision and summarization. Background: Terms and criteria to classify people living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy who fail to achieve satisfactory CD4+ T-cell counts are heterogeneous, and need revision and summarization. Methods: We performed a systematic review of PubMed original research articles containing a set of predefined terms, published in English between January 2009 and September 2018. The search retrieved initially 1360 studies, of which 103 were eligible. The representative terminology and criteria were extracted and analyzed. Results: Twenty-two terms and 73 criteria to define the condition were identified. The most frequent term was “immunological nonresponders” and the most frequent criterion was “CD4+ T-cell count, Supported by: FEDER, through the Competitiveness Factors Operational Program (COMPETE); by National funds, through the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT), under the scope of the project POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007038 and NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000013; and by Programa Gilead GENESE (PGG/018/2017). R.R.-S. was supported by an FCT grant, in the context of PhDOC-Doctoral Program in Ageing and Chronic Diseases (PD/BD/106047/2015).
Published: 2019

38. Thymic function as a predictor of immune recovery in chronically HIV-infected patients initiating antiretroviral therapy

Author: Cecília Azevedo, Emilia Athayde, Margarida Correia-Neves, João Canto-Gomes, Ana Horta, Rita Rb-Silva, Ivo Ferreira, Rémi Cheynier, Claudia Nobrega, Andrew J. Yates, and Universidade do Minho
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Oncology, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Male, Medicina Básica [Ciências Médicas], HIV Infections, Logistic regression, Lymphocyte Activation, poor immunological responders, 0302 clinical medicine, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, Immunology and Allergy, Hiv infected patients, Immune recovery, Original Research, Poor immunological responders, Age Factors, Middle Aged, Viral Load, Predictive modeling, 3. Good health, Antiretroviral therapy, medicine.anatomical_structure, Treatment Outcome, Ciências Médicas::Medicina Básica, Female, predictive modeling, Immune activation, lcsh:Immunologic diseases. Allergy, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Anti-HIV Agents, T cell, Immunology, antiretroviral therapy, Recent Thymic Emigrant, CD4-CD8 Ratio, Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, Thymus Gland, immune activation, Immunophenotyping, 03 medical and health sciences, CD4+T cells, Immune system, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Science & Technology, business.industry, Thymic function, immune recovery, HIV infection, CD4+ T cells, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, 030104 developmental biology, thymic function, HIV-1, lcsh:RC581-607, business, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, 030215 immunology
Abstract: FEDER, through the Competitiveness Factors Operational Program (COMPETE); by National funds, through the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT), under the scope of the project POCI-01-0145-FEDER-00(7038) and by Programa Gilead GÉNESE (PGG/018/2017). RR-S and JC-G were supported by FCT grants, in the context of PhDOC—Doctoral Program in Aging and Chronic Diseases (PD/BD/106047/2015 and PD/BD/137433/2018, respectively). CN was also supported by a grant from FCT (SFRH/BPD/112001/2015). CA and EA were partially supported by Portuguese Funds through FCT within the project UID/MAT/00013/2013. AY was supported by Arthritis Research UK, Poor immunological responders (PIR) are HIV-infected patients with virologic suppression upon antiretroviral therapy (ART) but persistently low CD4+ T cell counts. Early identification of PIR is important given their higher morbimortality compared to adequate immune responders (AIR). In this study, 33 patients severely lymphopenic at ART onset, were followed for at least 36 months, and classified as PIR or AIR using cluster analysis grounded on their CD4+ T cell count trajectories. Based on a variety of immunological parameters, we built predictive models of PIR/AIR outcome using logistic regression. All PIR had CD4+ T cell counts consistently below 500 cells/μL, while all AIR reached this threshold. AIR showed a higher percentage of recent thymic emigrants among CD4+ T cells; higher numbers of sj-TRECs and greater sj/β TREC ratios; and significant increases in thymic volume from baseline to 12 months of ART. We identified mathematical models that correctly predicted PIR/AIR outcome after 36 months of therapy in 77-87% of the cases, based on observations made until 2-6 months after ART onset. This study highlights the importance of thymic activity in the immune recovery of severely lymphopenic patients, and may help to select the patients that will benefit from closer follow-up or novel therapeutic approaches.
Published: 2019

39. On Cooling The Relevance Out

Author: Matthias Gross and Ana Horta
Subjects: Engineering ethics, Relevance (information retrieval), Social issues, Psychology
Published: 2018
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40. Digital technologies in the transition to a sustainable energy system:knowledge-related challenges from everyday life

Author: Matthias Gross and Ana Horta
Subjects: Transition (fiction), Sustainability, Business, Environmental economics, Everyday life, Sustainable energy
Published: 2018
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41. Glomerular filtration rate change during chronic hepatitis C treatment with Sofosbuvir/Ledipasvir in HCV/HIV Coinfected patients treated with Tenofovir and a boosted protease inhibitor: an observational prospective study

Author: Cristina Soeiro, Ana Horta, Rui Sarmento-Castro, Maria Josefina Vazquez Méndez, Celina Gonçalves, Ana Paula Tavares, and Marta Sofia Correia Marques
Subjects: Ledipasvir, medicine.medical_specialty, Sofosbuvir, Renal function, HIV Infections, Gastroenterology, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, Nephrotoxicity, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Co-infection HIV/HCV, Drug-drug interactions, lcsh:RC109-216, Prospective Studies, 030212 general & internal medicine, Tenofovir, Prospective cohort study, Fluorenes, Coinfection, business.industry, Hepatitis C, Chronic, Discontinuation, Regimen, Infectious Diseases, Protease inhibitor, chemistry, Sofosbuvir/ledipasvir, Concomitant, Renal toxicity, HCV treatment, Benzimidazoles, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Uridine Monophosphate, business, Glomerular Filtration Rate, Research Article, medicine.drug
Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Concomitant use of ledipasvir and boosted protease inhibitors (PIs) may increase the risk of tenofovir (TDF) nephrotoxicity, since both these drugs increase TDF levels. Our aim was to evaluate glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) evolution during HCV treatment with sofosbuvir/ledipasvir (SOF/LDV) in HCV/HIV coinfected patients, according to their antiretroviral treatment (ARV). METHODS: Observational prospective study of HCV/HIV coinfected patients treated with SOF/LDV. eGFR evolution was evaluated during and 12 weeks after HCV treatment. Patients were categorized in three groups based on ARV regimen: non TDF, non-boosted TDF and TDF + boosted PI. RESULTS: We included 273 patients: 145 were receiving a non-TDF regimen, 78 a non-boosted TDF scheme and 50 were receiving TDF + boosted PI. We observed a statistically significant decrease in eGFR during treatment in all groups (non TDF p = 0.03, 95%CI [0.23-3.86], non-boosted TDF p
Published: 2018
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42. Energy Consumption as Part of Social Practices

Author: Ana Horta
Subjects: Materiality (auditing), Practice theory, Aesthetics, Mobile phone, Sociology, Energy consumption, Social science research, Social practice, Social structure
Abstract: This chapter examines social practices as an alternative and promising approach to conventional social science research on energy consumption. It highlights the emergence of practice theory in social science research on energy consumption that focuses on the interaction between social structures and everyday life, including materiality. After providing an overview of the evolution of social science research on energy consumption, the chapter summarizes the “practice turn” in sociology and its extension to research on energy consumption. It then considers the most prominent features of practice theory used in the field of research on energy consumption and concludes by describing the process of formation of the practice of managing the mobile phone as an example of how energy consumption can be analyzed using a practice theory approach.
Published: 2018
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43. Site Selection for Hydropower Development: A GIS-Based Framework to Improve Planning in Brazil

Author: Luiz G. M. Silva, Ana Horta, João Paulo Romanelli, and Rogério Antônio Picoli
Subjects: Environmental Engineering, business.industry, 020209 energy, Site selection, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Environmental Chemistry, Environmental science, Production (economics), business, Environmental planning, Hydropower, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, Civil and Structural Engineering
Abstract: Small hydropower plants (SHPs) may be considered the most cost-effective and environmentally benign technology for energy production. However, it has been suggested that the social–environm...
Published: 2018
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44. Validation of digital soil maps at different spatial supports

Author: Senani Karunaratne, Thomas F. A. Bishop, and Ana Horta
Subjects: Soil map, Soil Science, Terrain, computer.software_genre, Generalized linear mixed model, Digital soil mapping, Statistics, Covariate, Point (geometry), Data mining, Scale (map), computer, Mathematics, Block (data storage)
Abstract: In this study we validated digital soil maps of clay content at different spatial supports; point, 48 m blocks and soil–land use complexes (SLU). The aim being to examine the change in prediction quality with different prediction supports. Digital soil maps of clay content at depths of 0–10 cm, 10–30 cm and 30–50 cm were created using linear mixed models, legacy soil data and readily available covariates such as digital terrain attributes, landsat and gamma radiometrics. A random stratified sampling design was used to collect an independent validation dataset. There was little change in the accuracy between the point (RMSE = 15.7% for 0–10 cm, 17.4% for 10–30 cm, 15.2% for 30–50 cm) and 48 m block supports (RMSE = 15.5% for 0–10 cm, 17.1% for 10–30 cm, 13.5% for 30–50 cm). However the prediction quality was much improved at the support of the SLUs (RMSE = 9.5% for 0–10 cm, 10.1% for 10–30 cm and 5.1% for 30–50 cm). It is a standard practice in digital soil mapping studies to validate at the point support but our results show that this is likely to represent the worst case scenario for assessing their prediction quality. Further work should consider finding optimal prediction supports for creating digital soil maps.
Published: 2015
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45. Climate Change Communication in Portugal

Author: Ana Horta and Anabela Carvalho
Subjects: business.industry, Political economy of climate change, Environmental resource management, Climate change, Environmental science, Environmental policy, Public engagement, business, Environmental planning
Abstract: In Portugal, global politics tend to dominate climate change communication. Policy-oriented news stories prevail, being very much influenced by international events, dynamics, and actors, especially European ones, whereas national politicians and officials tend to be given less space. Climate change is thus mainly (re)presented as a global issue, distant from local realities, in spite of the vulnerabilities that the country faces. National policy makers tend to adopt a technocratic discourse that comes across as “rational” and fairly optimistic, with little contestation by environmental groups or others. A “green economy” discourse has prevailed in the media, with investment on renewable energy being depicted as the way to both stimulating the economy and addressing climate change. Scientific knowledge tends to be represented as consensual and national scientists tend to avoid dramatization. Although public opinion surveys have shown that the population considers climate change a serious problem and skepticism regarding its anthropogenic causes is low, surveys have also revealed high levels of ignorance and self-evaluated lack of information. In spite of a traditionally weak environmental movement and lack of public engagement, the population has shown a consistent sense of collective responsibility to tackle climate change. The economic and financial crisis up until the mid-2010s considerably affected the already fragile media system and turned political and public attention to economy-related topics. News coverage of climate change, in all its complexity, has been constrained by a lack of specialized reporters and increased dependency on the pro-activity of news sources.
Published: 2017
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46. Spatial Characterization of Hypertension Clusters using a Rural Australian Clinical Database

Author: Faezeh Marzbanrad, Ana Horta, Herbert F. Jelinek, and Rachel Whitsed
Subjects: 03 medical and health sciences, Disease clusters, 0302 clinical medicine, Geography, Scan statistic, Cluster (physics), 030212 general & internal medicine, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Cartography, Generalised additive model
Abstract: This study aimed to characterize the spatial distribution of hypertension (HT) clusters in a rural Australian city using self-reported HT data collected at a local health-screening clinic. HT status was recorded for 515 self-selected participants in a free health-screening program in Albury, New South Wales, Australia. We compared predictions of HT clusters computed using spatial scan statistic and Generalised Additive Model (GAM). We then implemented a new approach incorporating sensitivity analysis in GAM to combine cluster predictions at multiple span sizes. A statistically significant cluster for HT was identified in Albury centered to the north of the main urban center, with relative risk up to 2.29. The sensitivity analysis confirmed the cluster location and highlighted other potential HT clusters. Our approach allows detection of irregularly-shaped disease clusters and highlights potential clusters that may be overlooked using traditional methods. This is important in cases using local, small datasets where regularly-shaped or overly smoothed disease clusters may not provide enough detail to be suitable for targeting place-based interventions.
Published: 2017
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47. A Blot on the Landscape: Consensus and Controversies on Wind Farms in Rural Portugal

Author: Luís Silva, Mónica Truninger, Ana Horta, Ana Delicado, and Elisabete Figueiredo
Subjects: Rural landscapes, Wind power, business.industry, language.human_language, Renewable energy, Geography, Public discourse, language, Environmental impact assessment, Rural area, Decision process, Portuguese, business, Environmental planning
Abstract: In recent years, Portugal has witnessed the siting of 250 wind farms, particularly in mountainous and rural areas. Even though, unlike other European countries, general public consensus seemed at first to prevail, protests by local population and ENGOs have been increasing of late (many broadcast by the media) – the outcomes of Environmental Impact Assessments (EIAs) provide a good example. This chapter has two main objectives. On one hand, it examines how rural landscapes are discursively framed in the press when the Portuguese media picks up wind energy issues. On the other hand, by analysing EIA reports, it aims at identifying the social actors involved in the decision process of the siting of wind farms in rural or peri-urban areas, the arguments for and against the location of these facilities and how the (rural) landscape is framed and represented. The empirical material is drawn on three different sources: media analysis of the public discourse on landscape issues related to wind farms; an analysis of EIA reports regarding wind farms in Portugal and an analysis of official positions on this issue assessed through the Environmental Impact Declarations (EID) of EIA processes. It is concluded that despite the lack of media attention to landscape impacts’ of wind farms, the existing discursive frames are often attached to dichotomized cultural meanings: it either deems wind farms as technological tools for landscape progressive transformation or as a risk to its pristine image. As to the EIA reports, landscape matters are more visible and important and at times sufficient to reject approval or change of the siting of a wind farm.
Published: 2017
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48. School Meals and the Rural Idyll: Children’s Engagements with Animals, Plants and Other Nature

Author: Mónica Truninger and Ana Horta
Subjects: business.industry, media_common.quotation_subject, Consumption (sociology), Economic Justice, Focus group, Pedagogy, Sustainability, Medicine, Psychological resilience, Rural area, Socioeconomics, Everyday life, business, Tourism, media_common
Abstract: Like many other countries, a reform of school meals policies has been implemented in Portugal, wherein nutritional and health criteria are considered in the design of the public plate. Given that a large literature on school meals focus on cities seen as sites for promising transformation regarding health, resilience and sustainability, it is pertinent to examine how these policies are being received in rural areas. Similar to other vulnerable regions in southern Europe, rural areas in Portugal have been affected by depopulation, the re-localisation of public services (e.g. schools, health centres and courts of justice) to larger conurbations, a drastic reduction of farming areas and its reconversion from sites of production to sites of consumption that thrive on tourism. While research on children’s attitudes, experiences and practices in rural areas had picked up the attention of social scientists, research on children’s relations and engagements with school meals in these areas does not abound. This chapter addresses three issues: first, how the catering staff and health professionals experience children’s engagements with school meals after the policy reform; second, how the discourses of the school staff and parents around the rural and gastro-idylls contrast with the reported food practices and experiences of everyday life, and third, how the multiple engagements of children with animals, plants and other nature conflict with or are juxtaposed to the images of the rural idyll. Drawing from focus groups material with children aged between 7 and 9 years old living in the rural hinterland of an inland medium-size city in Portugal, focus groups with parents and interviews with stakeholders (e.g. school and kitchen staff, local authorities, nutritionists and catering firms) the chapter aims at contributing to a broader understanding of children lived experiences with food consumption in rural contexts.
Published: 2017
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49. Assessing representativeness of a rural Australian clinical database using a spatial modelling approach

Author: Rachel Whitsed, Herbert F. Jelinek, and Ana Horta
Subjects: education.field_of_study, medicine.medical_specialty, Database, Scan statistic, Health geography, Population, Generalized additive model, computer.software_genre, Health outcomes, Representativeness heuristic, Health data, Geography, Epidemiology, medicine, education, computer
Abstract: It is generally recognized that people in rural Australia and world-wide do worse in terms of health outcomes compared to the urban population. Epidemiological studies rely on large datasets obtained through national surveys but efforts to survey rural populations usually result in small datasets. Hence small datasets are often disregarded even if they are the only source of health data available to study health outcomes at the local level. The main criticism is usually lack of representativeness of the general population. In this study, a spatial modelling approach was developed to assess the representativeness of a rural Australian clinical database. We compared two methods commonly used in health geography, namely Generalized Additive Models and the spatial scan statistic. Both methods were shown to have strengths that can be exploited to detect underrepresentation of a small health dataset. We concluded that our participant data are largely representative of the underlying population and highlight focus areas for further participant recruitment, allowing disease cluster mapping to with confidence, even on the small dataset.
Published: 2017
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50. The hegemony of global politics: news coverage of climate change in a small country

Author: Luísa Schmidt, Anabela Carvalho, Ana Horta, Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa, and Universidade do Minho
Subjects: Media, Hegemony, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Sociology and Political Science, Cross national comparison, Cross-national comparison, Climate change, Social Sciences, 050801 communication & media studies, Media coverage, Environmental Science (miscellaneous), Development, Global politics, 01 natural sciences, Constructive, 0508 media and communications, Sociology, Global news, Social science, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Science & Technology, 05 social sciences, Ciências Sociais::Ciências da Comunicação, Domestication in journalism, 13. Climate action, Ciências da Comunicação [Ciências Sociais], Small country
Abstract: Researching media coverage of climate change may shed light on the different configurations of global and domestic factors affecting journalism and politics. This article analyzes climate change coverage in Portugal from 2007 to 2014 in comparison with 14 other countries. It shows that the Portuguese press tends to reproduce the global political agenda on climate change, mainly focusing on international events associated with global political decision-making processes, instead of providing a domesticated coverage, as observed in other countries. National and local levels of action are thus obscured. The interplay between global and domestic factors-including characteristics of Portugal's press and politics, such as national political leaders' lack of mobilization and communication on climate change, media's deference to powerful sources, and reliance on international news feeds-creates the conditions for global politics to play an hegemonic role in media representations, which is likely to influence public engagement with climate change., The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support provided by the Instituto de Ciências Sociais, Universidade de Lisboa and the Centro de Estudos de Comunicação e Sociedade, Universidade do Minho., info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
Published: 2017

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