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Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) is conventionally treated by surgical resection, and positive surgical margins strongly increase local recurrence and decrease survival. This study aimed to evaluate whether a Three-Dimensional Segmentation (3DS) image of OSCC confers advantage over Multiplanar Reconstruction (MPR) of OSCC using images of computed tomography scan in surgical planning of tumor resection.Twenty-six patients with locally advanced OSCC had tumor morphology and dimensions evaluated by MPR images, 3DS images, and Surgical Pathology Specimen (SPS) analyses (gold standard). OSCC resection was performed with curative intent using only MPR images.OSCC morphology was more accurately assessed by 3DS than by MPR images. Similar OSCC volumes and dimensions were obtained when MPR images, 3DS images and SPS measurements were considered. Nevertheless, there was a strong correlation between the OSCC longest axis measured by 3DS and SPS analyses (ICC = 0.82; 95% CI 0.59‒0.92), whereas only a moderate correlation was observed between the longest axis of OSCC measured by MPR images and SPS analyses (ICC = 0.51; 95% CI 0.09‒0.78). Taking only SPS with positive margins into account, MPR images and 3DS images underestimated the tumor's longest axis in eight out of 11 (72.7%) and 5 out of the 11 (45.5%) cases, respectively.Our data present preliminary evidence that 3DS model represents a useful tool for surgical planning of OSCC resection, but confirmation in a larger cohort of patients is required.Laboratory study.

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-28T19:47:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-01-01 Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the TMJ components in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and to compare them with a control group based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measurements. Methods: This study comprised an assessment of MRI measurements of 96 temporomandibular joints (TMJ) following classification criteria set by the International League of Associations for Rheumatology (ILAR). Three measurements were considered for study: condyle excursion angle (CEA), height of articular eminence (HAE) and inclination of articular eminence (IAE). All TMJs were assessed by linear measurements made by using the OnDemand 3D software. The comparison between the groups was performed by using Mann–Whitney’s test. Results: Lower measurement values were found for IAE, HAE and CEA in JIA patients (P-values < 0.001, 0.005 and < 0.001, respectively). Conclusion: The study showed the differences in MRI measurements between JIA patients and controls, with the former with the lowest indices. Postgraduate Program in Dentistry Cruzeiro Do Sul University (UNICSUL), Rua Galvão Bueno, 868, Liberdade Rheumatology Department Faculty of Medical Sciences University of Campinas (UNICAMP) Department of Diagnosis and Surgery São José Dos Campos School of Dentistry São Paulo State University (UNESP) Department of Orthodontics Univeritas UNG Department of Oral Medicine and Pathology Institute of Odontology The Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Department of Diagnosis and Surgery São José Dos Campos School of Dentistry São Paulo State University (UNESP)

This study aimed to investigate the presence of BRAF V600E mutation in mandibular ameloblastoma by comparing the results of molecular detection and immunohistochemical analysis. A 128 cases of mandibular ameloblastoma and 30 cases of dentigerous cyst (control group) were selected for analysis. Detection of BRAF V600E mutation was performed with immunohistochemistry (IHC) and polymerase chain reaction techniques. Clinico-pathologic data were collected in order to investigate possible associations with the mutation. Of the 128 cases submitted to IHC, 81.2% (108 cases) showed positivity for anti-BRAF V600E antibody, whereas 24 were negative (18.8%). Molecular analysis of the BRAF V600E mutation by polymerase chain reaction was possible in 116 cases due to DNA quality. Of these cases, 96 were positive (82.8%) and 20 negative (17.2%). All cases of dentigerous cyst were negative for BRAF V600E mutation in both techniques. Considering the sequencing as a gold standard method, the receiver operating characteristics curve analysis showed sensitivity of 0.99 and specificity of 1 (area under the curve=0.995, standard error=0.006; P

Dentigerous cyst is the most common developmental maxillary cyst, often being associated with impacted third molars. The occurrence of bilateral or multiple lesions is usually associated with syndromes. The present report describes a case of multiple dentigerous cyst affecting both maxilla and mandible in association with impacted third molars in a non-syndromic patient. The complementary use of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) could provide accurate knowledge for pre-operative radiologic assessment to delineate the extension of the lesion as well as its relationship with adjacent structures. The typical imaging characteristics can be useful for an adequate diagnosis. This type of lesion requires comprehensive pre-operative evaluation and logical operational approach.

Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T11:08:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-01-01 Objective: To assess volume and surface of the mandibular condyle on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans by comparing Class I, II, and III malocclusions. Methods: CBCT scans of 55 patients were assessed to measure ANB angle, condyle volume, and surface by using VistaDent software. The values were compared between the different skeletal malocclusions and correlated to gender and sides. Kruskal–Wallis test was used for comparison of malocclusions and Mann–Whitney test and Wilcoxon test for comparisons of genders and sides. Statistical significance was defined as p

OBJECTIVES To evaluate the oral shedding of herpesviruses in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and correlate it with oral mucositis (OM). METHODS Saliva samples were collected before the HSCT and on day D + 8. Multiplex Polymerse Chain Reaction (PCR) was performed to detect herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1 and HSV-2, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Variella-zoster virus (VZV), and human herpesvirus (HHV)-6, HHV-7, and HHV-8. OM was assessed according to WHO criteria. RESULTS Thirty one patients were enrolled, in which 20 of 31 (64.5%) were males; median age was 50 (21-70) years; 16 of 31 (51.6%) underwent allo-HSCT; and 15 of 31 (48.4%) underwent auto-HSCT. On D + 8, OM grades III and IV were observed in 8 of 31 (25.8%) patients. In the first salivary collection, EBV was found in 24 of 31 (77.4%), followed by HHV-6 (7/31, 22.6%) and HHV-7 (8/31 25.8%). In the second collection, EBV was found in 24 of 27(89%), followed by HSV-1 (8/27, 30%) and CMV, HHV-6, and HHV-7 (5/27, 18.5%, each one). On D + 8, OM grades II and IV were associated with the presence of HSV-1. HSV-1 was also associated with worsening degrees of OM on D + 15. CONCLUSION The presence of HSV-1 and CMV in oral samples was more frequent on day D + 8 after HSCT. HSV-1 detection was associated with severity and worsening of OM. HSV-1 and CMV seem to be associated with oral dysbiosis due to HSCT.

Background and Overview Patients seropositive HIV and AIDS represent a group of patients who experience longer longevity at the expense of effective therapies for infection control and related opportunistic diseases. However, the prolonged use of these drugs is often associated with adverse events, which theoretically may influence dental management and the long-term stability of dental implants. The objective of this study was to prospectively evaluate a group of HIV-positive people from a previous study who had received dental implants for 12 years after oral rehabilitation and functional loading. Case Description Nine patients with a total of 18 implants participated in this study. Viral load was undetectable in 8 patients, with 1 who had 48 copies/milliliter. The cluster of differentiation 4 T lymphocyte count ranged from 227 through 1,000 cells/cubic millimeter, mean (standard deviation [SD]) 564 (271.13) cells/mm3. Five of the 9 (55.5%) patients had visible plaque, and 5 (55.5%) had bleeding on probing with no implant mobility. Radiographs obtained at 6 months, 12 months, and 12 years of functional loading showed mean (SD) marginal bone losses of 0.32 (0.23) mm, 0.37 (0.23) mm, and 2.43 (1.48), respectively. Conclusion and Practical Implications These results suggest that dental implant treatment in HIV-positive patients achieved long-term survival, with a success rate comparable with that observed in healthy patients, indicating that implant rehabilitation is not a contraindication for HIV-positive patients.

The odontogenic keratocyst is a benign cystic lesion that preferentially affects the posterior region of the mandible, having an infiltrative and aggressive feature with unique and varied behavior, high recurrence rates, and distinct molecular findings among odontogenic lesions. Also, its differential diagnosis and treatment is a challenge, due to the presence of other lesions of the jaw with similar aspects. The present study aims to report a clinical case of odontogenic keratocyst associated with a third molar included in an ectopic position, focusing on its radiographic and tomographic characteristics that are confused with a dentigerous cyst.

Introduction: Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) occurs by the use of a drug that has osteonecrosis as one of its side effects. Case Report: We describe a case of a 48-year-old oncological patient who had brain and bone metastasis due to breast cancer and was medicated with bisphosphonates (BPs). She presented cavities, and after an incorrect exodontia, the lesion evolved into a jaw osteonecrosis. Then she did a sequestrectomy and was treated using laser therapy. Radiological and clinical features are also described. Conclusion: In a case like this, we notice how necessary is a complete evaluation of the oncological patient before some procedures and laser therapy as an effective ally in the management.

Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-12T01:38:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-09-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Background: The aim of this study was to apply texture analysis (TA) to cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of patients with grade C periodontitis for detection of non-visible changes in the image. Methods: TA was performed on CBCT scans of 34 patients with grade C periodontitis. Axial sections of CBCT were divided into three groups as follows: Group L (lesion) in which there is a furcal lesion with periodontal bone loss; Group I (intermediate) in which the border of the furcal lesion has normal characteristics; and Group C (control) in which the area is healthy. Eleven texture parameters were extracted from the region of interest. Mann-Whitney U test was used to assess the differences in the texture between the three groups as follows: L versus I; L versus C, and I versus C. Results: Statistically significant differences (P

OBJETIVO: o objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a deformação elástica de 14 marcas comerciais submetidas a diferentes meios de descontaminação estirados por 7, 14, 21 e 28 dias. MÉTODOS: três elos de cada elástico foram cortados e mensurados com paquímetro digital para a individualização do estiramento de 50% do tamanho original. Das 20 amostras de cada fabricante, 5 foram diretamente colocadas no template (controle), 5 foram imersas em ácido peracético a 0,2%, 5 foram friccionadas com álcool 70% e 5 foram autoclavadas (121°C / 1 atm / 30 minutos). As amostras permaneceram estiradas no template em saliva artificial a 37°C. Para cada tempo, os elásticos foram removidos, aferidos e descartados. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise estatística (5%). RESULTADOS: observou-se diferença estatisticamente significativa entre as marcas, os meios de descontaminação e os tempos; assim como entre as possíveis interações entre os grupos. As marcas que melhor se comportaram foram a TP Orthodontics e a GAC, seguidas pela Rocky Mountain, American Orthodontics, Orthometric e Aditek, Aditek e Eurodonto, Dentaurum-Tecnident-Ormco-OrthoOrganizes, Abzil-Ormco e OrthoOrganizes, Morelli e Uniden. Verificou-se que o ciclo em autoclave teve compor- tamento semelhante à saliva artificial, alterando menos as propriedades dos elásticos. A deformação plástica foi proporcional ao tempo de estiramento. CONCLUSÃO: existe deformação plástica variando de acordo com a marca, aumentada em função do tempo e influenciada pelo meio de descontaminação utilizado.

Background Condylar cartilage acts as a centre of craniofacial complex growth and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the most suitable examination to differentiate tissues and identify pathological conditions of TMJ. Condylar growth disturbance can alter the maxillofacial morphology, including occlusal relationship, and the affected children may not present symptoms. Although TMJ in children is similar to that in adults, the anterior condylar inclination is straight and increases with age, presenting slight condylar flattening and slight contrast enhancement. Objective The present work aimed to review the literature focussing to assess how MRI and the development of TMJ can contribute to orthopaedic/orthodontic diagnosis in growing patients. Main results MRI can also complement the predictive diagnosis of growth in which the image of a double contour of the condyle reveals proliferation of cartilage cells with immature ossification. Considering that orthodontic therapy usually begins after eruption of permanent teeth, the moment of alternation of the double contour-like structure is close or coincident with the eruption of upper second molars. Conclusion Clinically, the advantage of diagnosis of double contour is not to use any ionizing radiation related to scan in these subjects. Therefore, MRI could be a choice for the follow-up of growing patients.

Made available in DSpace on 2019-10-06T15:43:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-01-01 This study aimed to investigate the olfactory fossa according to the Keros classification using cone beam computed tomography. This cross-sectional study analysed cone beam computed tomography images selected from a database belonging to a radiology centre. The scans of 174 healthy patients were analysed by using the Xoran software. Gender, age, and side were correlated with the Keros classification. The mean age of the 174 patients was 45.3 years. The most prevalent Keros classification was type II (65.52%), followed by type III (20.69%) and type I (13.79%). No significant differences were found between Keros classification and the variables age, right side (p value = 0.4620), and left side (p value = 0.5709). There were also no significant differences between gender and the variables right side (p value = 0.1421) and left side (p value = 0.2136). Based on these results, we suggest that cone beam computed tomography can be recommended for analysis of the anterior skull base. Keros type II was the most prevalent type in our sample. Postgraduate Program in Dentistry Cruzeiro do Sul University (UNICSUL) Department of Diagnosis and Surgery São José dos Campos Dental School São Paulo State University (UNESP) Department of Orthodontics and Radiology University of São Paulo City (UNICID) Department of Diagnosis and Surgery São José dos Campos Dental School São Paulo State University (UNESP)

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-28T19:42:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-01-01 Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the volume of odontoid process of the second cervical vertebra on CBCT images can be used for sex estimation. Material and Methods: The volume of odontoid process on CBCT images of 138 subjects was measured. In addition, the patients were classified into five age groups. The comparisons between the groups in relation to sex and age were performed by using Mann-Whitney’s test and Kruskal-Wallis’ test, respectively. The ROC curve was used to assess the sensitivity and specificity of the volume to determine the sex. Results: No statistically significant difference was observed between age and volume. Males had significantly larger volumes than females. Values of volume equal to or greater than 1.254 mm3 have sensitivity of 68.2% and specificity of 68.1% to determine male sex. Conclusion: The volume of the odontoid process tends to be larger in males than in females and can be used as sex estimation. Cruzeiro do Sul University (UNICSUL) Department of Diagnosis and Surgery Institute of Science and Technology São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos Department of Diagnosis and Surgery Institute of Science and Technology São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos

Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T10:25:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-01-01 Objective: The purpose of the present investigation was to assess whether possible changes in the dynamic movements of the TMJ might cause a greater variation between the volumes of the upper airways in open- and closed-mouth positions. Methods: CBCT scans of 92 subjects were used to assess the TMJ bilaterally. All scans were acquired in closed (CM) and maximum mouth opening (MMO) positions. The difference in the volume of the oropharyngeal cavity obtained by subtracting the CM volume from the MMO volume (delta volume or volume variation) was calculated. The resulting volume was analyzed by Mann-Whitney test for variation in rotation. Results: A significant difference was found (p-value = 0.0188) on the right side regarding changes in the rotational movement of the condyle (Mann–Whitney test). Conclusion: This study showed a relationship between degree of abnormal or limited rotation and variation in the upper airway volume on one side. Cruzeiro do Sul University (UNICSUL) Department of Diagnosis and Surgery São José dos Campos Dental School São Paulo State University (UNESP) Department of Stomatology School of Dentistry University of São Paulo Department of Diagnosis and Surgery São José dos Campos Dental School São Paulo State University (UNESP)

Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T10:20:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-01-01 Objective: Forensic dentistry has used some methods for the human identification process. However, there is a need to study characteristics that are able to perform identification more specifically, increasing accuracy. Considering the role of dental arch assessment in prediction of gender and ethnicity, the purpose of this study was to assess the volume of pulp chamber as a mean to obtain new forensic evidence. Material and methods: For this task, 1.190 cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were retrospectively selected and subdivided according to the population number, gender, age and ethnicity. All DICOM files were imported to the open-source software ITK-SNAP® (http://www.itksnap.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php). The segmentation process was performed in all pulp chamber aiming to obtain pulp tissue’s volume. Results: As a result, the pulp chamber volume of mandibular canine teeth showed to be larger in white population than in non-white (P-value = 0.003) and in male individuals in comparison with female (P-value = 0.038). Conclusion: These results, however, must be confirmed by future studies with a larger sample size and by the assessment of other variables, including texture analysis and density of dental tissues. Institute of Science and Technology Paulista State University Júlio de Mesquita Filho ICT UNESP Department of Stomatology Division of General Pathology School of Dentistry University of São Paulo Cruzeiro do Sul University Institute of Science and Technology Paulista State University Júlio de Mesquita Filho ICT UNESP

Objective This study aimed to investigate the use of texture analysis for characterization of radicular cysts and periapical granulomas and to assess its efficacy to differentiate between both lesions with histological diagnosis. Methods Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were obtained from 19 patients with 25 periapical lesions (14 radicular cysts and 11 periapical granulomas) confirmed by biopsy. Regions of interest were created in the lesions from which 11 texture parameters were calculated. Spearman's correlation analysis was performed and adjusted with Benjamini-Hochberg false discovery rate procedure (FDR, Pathology; Dentistry; Oral Medicine; Eye-Ear-Nose-Throat; Radiology; Medical Imaging; l cone beam computed tomography; computer-assisted diagnosis; image processing, computer-assisted; periapical diseases.

Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T10:29:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-01-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) The aim of this study was to characterize the alveolar bone of edentulous maxillary sites using texture analysis (TA) of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images and to correlate the results to the insertion torque, thus verifying whether TA is a predictive tool of final implant treatment. This study was conducted on patients who had received single implants in the maxilla (46 implants) 1 year earlier and whose torque values were properly recorded. Three cross-sections of the sites were selected on CBCT scans. Two regions of interest (ROIs) corresponding to the implant bone site and peri-implant bone were also outlined, according to virtual planning. The CBCT scans were exported to MaZda software, where the two ROIs were delimited following the previously demarcated contours. Values for the co-occurrence matrix were calculated for TA. With regard to the insertion torque value, there was a direct correlation with the contrast of the peri-implant bone (P < 0.001) and an inverse correlation with the entropy of the implant bone site (P = 0.006). A greater contrast indicates a greater torque value for insertion of the implants, and there is a possible association with a lower entropy value of the implant–bone interface. Postgraduate Program in Dentistry Cruzeiro do Sul University (UNICSUL) Department of Diagnosis and Surgery São José dos Campos School of Dentistry São Paulo State University (UNESP) Department of Diagnosis and Surgery São José dos Campos School of Dentistry São Paulo State University (UNESP) FAPESP: 2017/09550-4 FAPESP: 2018/11997-0 FAPESP: 2019/10675-1

The multimodal approach for patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) includes treatment with chemoradiation therapy (CRT). A common concern regarding CRT side effects is the occurrence of structural and physiological alterations of the salivary glands due to exposure to ionizing radiation. The aim of this study is to examine the morphology, volume, and density of the parotid glands before and after CRT in HNC patients. A total of 49 HNC patients treated exclusively with CRT were included in the study. Ninety-eight parotid glands were evaluated before and after treatment by using contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT). Shapiro–Wilk test was performed, and the variables (pre-CRT and post-CRT) presented normal distribution. Pearson’s coefficient was used to assess the correlation between volume and density. CRT resulted in a significant decrease in the mean volume of the parotid glands (i.e., original volume reduced by 20.5%; P<0.0001). CRT induced a 30.0% (7 Hounsfield units) increase in density of the right parotid gland and a 24.9% (8 Hounsfield units) increase in density of the left parotid gland (P=0.0198 and P=0.0079, respectively). Changes in morphology and spatial configuration, increased density, and substantial loss of volume of the parotid glands were observed after CRT. There was also a difference in density (P=0.003) in the right-side parotid glands in comparison between xerostomic and nonxerostomic groups of patients. These facts lead to the need for a personalized CRT planning in order to minimize oral complications related to the treatment.

Made available in DSpace on 2019-10-03T17:32:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2018-12-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2019-10-04T16:21:05Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S1981-86372018000400375.pdf: 1259315 bytes, checksum: 2b47417e2a285f4ed85b0015a3237dd3 (MD5) RESUMO A hipertrofia massetérica é uma condição benigna, assintomática e rara, caracterizada pelo desenvolvimento excessivo do músculo masseter, que geralmente resulta em queixas estéticas. São sempre recomendados os exames de imagem para diagnóstico diferencial de patologias na região parotídea-massetérica. Neste trabalho objetiva-se a caracterização da imagem da hipertrofia massetérica através do relato de dois casos clínicos combinando diferentes modalidades de imagem: radiografia panorâmica, ressonância magnética, tomografia computadorizada, ultra-sonografia e volumetria 3D. Dois indivíduos do sexo masculino sem história familiar de hipertrofia massetérica foram encaminhados para um centro de diagnóstico em radiologia dentomaxilofacial devido ao aumento do volume facial bilateral na região massetérica. As imagens da radiografia panorâmica mostraram um aumento do ângulo mandibular bilateral em ambos os casos. Usando tomografia computadorizada, foi demonstrada hipertrofia muscular massetérica bilateral nos pacientes, e a varredura de ressonância magnética e ultra-sonografia foram realizadas para melhor visualização e medição. A avaliação volumétrica em 3D da musculatura mostrou-se como ferramenta adicional para avaliar o estado dos músculos masseteros em pacientes com hipertrofia massetérica. Portanto, a associação de exames de imagem permitiu realizar a caracterização da imagem da hipertrofia massetérica com presença de exostose óssea. Abstract Masseteric hypertrophy is a benign condition, asymptomatic and rare, characterized by the excessive development of the masseter muscle, which usually results in aesthetic complaints. The imaging exams for differential diagnosis of pathologies in the parotid-masseteric region is always recommended. This work aims the imaging characterization of masseteric hypertrophy through the report of two clinical cases combining different imaging modalities: panoramic radiography, magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, ultrasonography and 3D volumetry. Two male subjects with no family history of masseteric hypertrophy were referred to a diagnostic center in dentomaxillofacial radiology due to an increase in bilateral facial volume in the masseteric region. Images of the panoramic radiography showed an increase of the bilateral mandibular angle in both cases. Using computerized tomography, bilateral masseter muscle hypertrophy was demonstrated in the patients, and magnetic resonance scan and ultrasound examination were performed for better visualization and muscle measurement. 3D volumetry assessment of musculature showed as additional tool to evaluate the status of the masseter muscles in patients with Masseteric hypertrophy. Therefore, the association of imaging examinations allowed to perform the imaging characterization of masseteric hypertrophy with presence of bone exostosis. Universidade Federal do Ceará Departamento de Morfologia Universidade Estadual de Campinas Faculdade de Odontologia Universidade Estadual do Piauí Faculdade de Odontologia Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia Departamento de Diagnóstico e Cirurgia Universidade Cidade de São Paulo Departamento de Ortodontia e Radiologia Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia Departamento de Diagnóstico e Cirurgia

Background The supracondylar fracture of the humerus is one of the most common fractures in pediatric age. Many classifications were proposed, with Gartland being the most widely used one and Lagrange and Rigault (L&R) the most used in French-speaking countries. Objectives The goal of this study was to compare the Wilkins-modified Gartland classification with the L&R classification in terms of reproducibility. Methods Three observers with similar training levels classified 35 fractures according to both classifications twice to evaluate both intra and interobserver variation. Results The mean intraobserver variation was 0.78 and 0.77 for Gartland and L&R classifications, respectively, and the mean interobserver variation was 0.55 and 0.62 for Gartland and L&R classifications, respectively. Conclusions Both classifications reveal adequate to usage in clinical and investigational practices, which is consistent with the literature.

Objective: To analyse the opening diameter of incisive foramen as a parameter for gender and age estimation by using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Material and Methods: After approval by the local research ethics committee, CBCT images were obtained from the dental database of a diagnostic centre and then selected. Images suggesting presence of periapical lesions and periodontal changes were excluded, as well as those of patients undergoing orthodontic treatment, with trauma to the mid-facial third, with cleft/lip palate, cranial or syndromic morphological changes, or even absence of one of the upper incisors. The images of male and female patients were distributed according to age groups (i.e. 10-30 years, 31-50 years, and 51 years or older) and then assessed twice and independently by three surgeon-dentists with experience in radiology by means of the XoranCat® software. The resulting data were tabulated and statistically analysed by using the SAS® software (version 2003) – PROC GLM for mixed generalised models – and Tukey’s test for comparison of the mean values at 5% significance level. Results: Considering the methodology used, the results have demonstrated no statistically significant difference in the method for gender estimation. However, it was observed that there was a gradual increase in the mean values as the age advances in the majority of the age groups for both males and females, with a statistically significant difference (P

Foreign body granulomas can develop after the injection of various cosmetic filling materials into the facial area to flatten wrinkles. Clinically, reactive lesions are easily mistaken for soft-tissue neoplasms or cysts. This report presents a case of foreign body granuloma in a 52-year-old female patient complaining of a painless swelling in the nasolabial region. Both clinical and histological features are described, underscoring the diagnostic role of magnetic resonance imaging findings.

Objective to investigate the volume and linear measurements of the frontal sinuses by means of a three-dimensional software using helical computed tomography images. Materials and methods The samples consisted of 36 tomographic images from 22 women and 14 men aged between 18 and 86 years old. The ITK/SNAP software was used for image segmentation, analysis of volume data, and linear measurements (i.e. height, width and depth). Results The mean volumes of the left and right frontal sinuses were 3.945 mm 3 (SD = 2.803) and 3.423 mm 3 (SD = 2.835). The mean linear measurements were the following: right-side axial depth of 16.1 mm (SD = 7.6), left-side axial depth of 17.0 mm (SD = 5.8), right-side sagittal height of 19.0 mm (SD = 11.1), and left-side sagittal height of 20.5 mm (SD = 9.8), with no statistically significant differences. The right-side axial width of 19.0 mm (SD = 6.8) and left-side axial width of 22.4 mm (SD = 9.1) in women and right-side axial width of 21.6 mm (SD = 12.9) and left-side axial width of 26.5 mm (SD = 9.8) in men, with statistically significant difference ( P = 0.0264) for the left side. Conclusion There was a significant difference only for axial width, with the left side having higher values compared to the right side.

Objective Ghost cell odontogenic carcinoma is a very rare malignant neoplasm. Tumor volume may be a more precise alternative for determining size, which is usually measured by maximum linear dimension. The purpose of this case report is to highlight the importance of obtaining 3-dimensional (3-D) images of the tumor for volumetric analysis to improve the chances of surgical success. This report presents a case of ghost cell odontogenic carcinoma infiltrating the maxillary sinus through the palate. The lesion was surgically treated and subsequently selected for volumetric reconstruction and analysis of the tumor by using InVesalius software. In this case report, we describe the use of a pictorial technique in which the tumor volume was calculated to help predict the surgical results. Results The tumor could be visualized in 3-D, with color improving the image of the segmented volume and thus increasing the perception of boundaries and depth. Conclusions Recognition of the lesion shape by volumetric analysis can provide the surgical team with clearer information, thereby helping in surgical planning and consequently increasing the chances of surgical success.

There is some controversy about the value of fetal MRI in prenatal diagnosis, and most of the studies examine its accuracy in central nervous system (CNS) pathology. The objective of this retrospective study was to assess the diagnostic accuracy and usefulness of fetal MRI in the prenatal diagnosis of central nervous system (CNS) pathology and non-CNS pathology. Patients referred to the Radiology Department between 2007 and 2018 for a fetal MRI after detection of an anomaly in the fetal ultrasound, a high-risk pregnancy, or an inconclusive fetal ultrasound (n = 623) were included in the study. Postnatal diagnosis was used to assess the diagnostic accuracy of MRI. Fetal MRI was considered to provide additional information over fetal ultrasound when findings of the fetal MRI were not detected in the fetal ultrasound or when established a pathological condition that was not detected in the fetal ultrasound. Fetal MRI provided useful information for the perinatal management and prognosis over fetal ultrasound when findings of the fetal MRI changed the postnatal prognosis, leaded to the decision to legally terminate the pregnancy, changed prenatal or postnatal follow-up, or helped in the planning of prenatal or postnatal treatment. Fetal MRI offered an accurate diagnosis in 97% of cases (compared to 90.4% of fetal ultrasound; p < 0.001 ). Concordance between fetal ultrasound and fetal MRI was 92.1%. Fetal MRI provided additional information over fetal ultrasound in 23.1% of cases. In 11.6% of cases, the information was useful for the perinatal management and prognosis. In 45 cases (7.2%), fetal MRI was the only accurate diagnosis. In conclusion, fetal MRI has a superior diagnostic accuracy, especially in CNS pathology, and provides additional useful information in CNS, thoracic, and abdominal pathology.

This study was undertaken to assess in vivo the corrosion in two commercial nickel-titanium (NiTi) orthodontic archwires removed from the oral cavity of patients using fluoride mouthwashes. Five volunteers took part in this study on the corrosion behavior of two brands of NiTi archwires (3M and AO (brand of archwire)) during use of two mouthwashes with neutral sodium fluoride 1.1%, one with acidulated fluoride 1.1%, and one with placebo and a control group. Each patient used one mouthwash in three different periods of time for 1 min a day for 30 days. The archwires were assessed with scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy for qualitative and quantitative analysis. The values obtained with atomic force microscopy (AFM) were submitted to normality test, two-way analysis of variance, and Tukey's test at a significance level of 5%. The AFM images showed a gradual qualitative increase in the roughness of both types of wire between the treatments: control

Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-10T19:39:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-10-19 Fundacao de Amparoa Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (Sao Paulo State Research Support Foundation) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Objectives: To compare the volume and voxel intensity of articular disc and lateral pterygoid muscle (LPM) between a group of migraine patients and a control group (those without history of headache) by using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Patients and methods: MRI scans of 17 migraine patients and 15 healthy controls subjects were analysed and processed, using ITK-SNAP software, by a single investigator, for calculation of volumes and voxel intensity of articular disc and superior and inferior head of LPM. Results: There were statistically significant differences between migraine patients and controls regarding the volume and voxel intensity of articular disc and inferior head of LPM, increasing in migraine patients. Intra-rater was highly consistent and reproducible (intra-class correlation coefficient [ICC] = 1). Conclusions: Higher voxel intensity in disc and inferior head of LPM of MRI scans was linked to the increased volume of articular disc, inferior head of LPM and migraine. Sao Paulo State Univ, Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Diag & Surg, Sao Jose Dos Campos, Brazil Cruzeiro Do Sul Univ UNICSUL, Postgrad Program Dent, Rua Galvao Bueno 868, BR-01506000 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Dent, Dept Stomatol, Div Gen Pathol, Sao Paulo, Brazil Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Trop Med Sao Paulo, Lab Virol, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Diag & Surg, Sao Jose Dos Campos, Brazil FAPESP: 2013/10999-5

This study assessed whether the use of digital image filters influences the detection of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) bone changes on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Two radiologists evaluated the TMJ images of CBCT scans to verify the presence of osteophytes, erosions, pseudocysts, bone sclerosis and flattening, using the software XoranCAT®; each image of the TMJ was assessed with and without the use of the following filters: Angio Sharpen 3x3 and Angio Sharpen 5x5. Kruskal-Wallis’ test was used to assess whether the application of filters influenced the scores assigned to the degenerative bone changes in the condyle. Flattening was present in 15 cases (51.72%), followed by osteophytes in six cases (20.69%), sclerosis in three cases (10.34%), and erosion in three cases (10.34%), with pseudocyst found in two cases (6.90%). No statistically significant difference was found in the scores (P = 0.786) regarding the original images and those treated with both filters. Digital image filters used in our study did not influence the diagnosis of degenerative bone changes in the TMJ on CBCT images. Este estudio evaluó si el uso de filtros de imagen digital influye en la detección de cambios óseos de la articulación temporomandibular (ATM) en la tomografía computarizada de haz cónico (TCHC). Dos radiólogos evaluaron las imágenes de ATM de las exploraciones CBHT para verificar la presencia de osteofitos, erosiones, pseudoquistes, esclerosis ósea y aplanamiento, utilizando el software XoranCAT®; cada imagen de la ATM se evaluó con y sin el uso de los siguientes filtros: Angio Sharpen 3x3 y Angio Sharpen 5x5. Se utilizó la prueba de Kruskal-Wallis para evaluar si la aplicación de filtros influyó en las puntuaciones asignadas a los cambios óseos degenerativos en el cóndilo. El aplanamiento estuvo presente en 15 casos (51,72%), seguido de osteofitos en seis casos (20,69%), esclerosis en tres casos (10,34%) y erosión en tres casos (10,34%), encontrándose pseudoquiste en dos casos (6,90%). No se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en las puntuaciones (P = 0,786) con respecto a las imágenes originales y las tratadas con ambos filtros. Los filtros de imágenes digitales utilizados en nuestro estudio no influyeron en el diagnóstico de cambios óseos degenerativos en la ATM en las imágenes de TCHC. Este estudo avaliou se o uso de filtros de imagem digital influenciam na detecção de alterações ósseas da articulação temporomandibular (ATM) na tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico (TCFC). Dois radiologistas avaliaram as imagens da ATM de TCFC para verificar a presença de osteófitos, erosões, pseudocistos, esclerose óssea e achatamento, utilizando o software XoranCAT®; cada imagem da ATM foi avaliada com e sem o uso dos seguintes filtros: Angio Sharpen 3x3 e Angio Sharpen 5x5. O teste de Kruskal-Wallis foi usado para avaliar se a aplicação de filtros influenciou os escores atribuídos às alterações ósseas degenerativas no côndilo. O achatamento esteve presente em 15 casos (51,72%), seguido por osteófitos em seis casos (20,69%), esclerose em três casos (10,34%) e erosão em três casos (10,34%), com pseudocisto encontrado em dois casos (6,90%). Nenhuma diferença estatisticamente significativa foi encontrada nos escores (P = 0,786) em relação às imagens originais e aquelas tratadas com os dois filtros. Os filtros de imagens digitais usados em nosso estudo não influenciaram no diagnóstico de alterações ósseas degenerativas da ATM em imagens de TCFC.

Cementum is an adaptable component of the periodontium which can respond to functional changes throughout its development, with its formation being characterized by apposition during the final stage of the tooth's life. In some cases, this formation occurs in excess, giving rise to hypercementosis, or other lesions (e.g., cementoblastoma) often presenting similar clinical and imaging features, but they are actually distinct entities requiring different approaches. The objective of the present study is to demonstrate the clinical and imaging characteristics of a case based on a differential diagnosis of these entities. Accurate diagnosis through detailed examination and adequate interpretation of imaging characteristics is essential for appropriate and successful therapy.

Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-26T17:10:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2016-01-01 We evaluated lateral pterygoid muscle volume in closed and open mouth positions in association with anterior disc displacement, effusion and abnormal articular disc shape from three-dimensional reformations of MRI. A total of 24 MRI of a sample (15 females, 9 males) aged 19-64 years (37.2 years +/- 11.4) were assessed. Segmentation and volumetric assessment of the total, upper and lower heads of the lateral pterygoid muscle were performed using free software. The upper head of the lateral pterygoid muscle had a smaller volume than the lower head at both sides, in the closed- and open-mouth positions. In the open-mouth position, individuals with a subdivided upper head, where one component was inserted in the articular disc and another in the mandibular head, displayed a significantly larger volume of the upper head compared to individuals who had a single attachment to the articular disc (p = 0.0130). The lateral pterygoid muscle has different volumes in the closed-and open-mouth positions. Gender affected muscle volume, specifically the upper head component. Insertion type in the upper head also seemed to affect muscle volume. (C) 2016 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. Univ Sao Paulo City, Dept Orthodont, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, Sao Jose dos Campos Dent Sch, Dept Diag & Surg, Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP, Brazil Univ Paulista, Dept Radiol, Campinas, SP, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, Sao Jose dos Campos Dent Sch, Dept Diag & Surg, Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP, Brazil

The sphenoid sinus is the most inaccessible part of the face, being inside the sphenoid bone and closely related to numerous vital neural and vascular structures. The objective of this study was to analyze and evaluate the variation of anatomy and the volume of the sphenoid sinus using helical computed tomography and medical imaging software. A total of 47 helical CT scans of sinuses of male and female individuals aged 18–86 years were selected. The images were formatted using ITK-SNAP software, consisting of three steps: (1) segmentation; (2) volumetric analysis and (3) 3D reconstruction. The sphenoid sinuses were also classified according to Hammer, i.e., in conchal, pre-sellar, sellar and post-sellar types. A single investigator, who is specialist in dental radiology and was trained and calibrated, performed the volume and image analysis. After 15 days, the segmentations were repeated. The Dunn’s multiple comparison test revealed significant differences in the volume rankings between the right and left sides (P = 0.0002), with the post-sellar type presenting the greatest volume on the right side compared to pre-sellar and sellar types. In the left sphenoid sinuses, the post-sellar type showed the greatest volume. The Lin’s correlation coefficient showed excellent reproducibility values. According to the applied methodology, it was found that the volume of the sphenoid sinus was influenced by neither age nor gender (P > 0.005). There was difference in the volumes of sphenoid sinus on the right and left sides and in the anatomical classification.