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Grapevine rootstocks are a complex group of plants, most of them hybrids derived from native North American Vitis species that are used to provide resistance against phylloxera and soilborne problems. A representative group of rootstock accessions and cultivars of the Vitis species commonly used in rootstock breeding (V. vinifera, V. berlandieri, V. riparia, and V. rupestris) and conserved in the largest European germplasm banks of Vitis were analyzed using sequence tagged microsatellite sites (STMS) and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. The STMS analysis allowed assigning a microsatellite genotype to most of root-stock cultivars, although it revealed numerous misclassified accessions in the studied collections. Genetic similarity among the different genotypes was analyzed using AFLP, which provided information on the genetic relationships within and between hybrid groups.

The use of microsatellite markers in large-scale genetic studies is limited by its low throughput and high cost and labor requirements. Here, we provide a panel of 45 multiplex PCRs for fast and cost-efficient genome-wide fluorescence-based microsatellite analysis in grapevine. The developed multiplex PCRs panel (with up to 15-plex) enables the scoring of 270 loci covering all the grapevine genome (9 to 20 loci/chromosome) using only 45 PCRs and sequencer runs. The 45 multiplex PCRs were validated using a diverse grapevine collection of 207 accessions, selected to represent most of the cultivated Vitis vinifera genetic diversity. Particular attention was paid to quality control throughout the whole process (assay replication, null allele detection, ease of scoring). Genetic diversity summary statistics and features of electrophoretic profiles for each studied marker are provided, as are the genotypes of 25 common cultivars that could be used as references in other studies.

[EN] The use of consensus chloroplast microsatellites primers for dicotyledonous chloroplast genomes revealed the existence of intra and interspecific length variation within the genus Vitis. Three chloroplast microsatellite loci were found to be polymorphic in samples of Vitis vinifera, Vitis berlandieri, Vitis riparia, and Vitis rupestris out of a total of 10 consensus primer pairs tested. These polymorphisms were always due to a variable number of mononucleotide residues within A and (or) T stretches in the amplified regions. Chloroplast microsatellite polymorphisms were used to demonstrate the maternal inheritance of chloroplast in V. vinifera and to characterise the chloroplast haplotypes present in wine grape cultivars of this species grown in Spain and Greece. The different distribution of haplotype frequencies in the two ends of the Mediterranean growth area suggests the existence of independent domestication events for grapevine.Key words: Vitis, grapevine, chloroplast microsatellites, chloroplast haplotypes, chloroplast inheritance, grapevine domestication., [ES] L’emploi d’amorces consensus pour l’ADN chloroplastique chez les dicotylédones révèle la présence de variabilité intra- et interspécifique au sein du genre Vitis. Trois locus microsatellites chloroplastiques se sont avérés polymorphes chez le Vitis vinifera, le Vitis barlandieri, le Vitis riparia et le Vitis rupestris parmi un ensemble de dix amorces consensus employées. Ces polymorphismes étaient presque toujours dus à un nombre variable de nucléotides A ou T au sein d’une suite mononucléotidique dans la région amplifiée. Les polymorphismes de l’ADN chloroplastique ont été employés pour démontrer l’hérédité maternelle du chloroplaste chez le V. vinifera et pour caractériser les haplotypes chloroplastiques présents chez les cépages à vin cultivés en Espagne et en Grèce. La distribution différente quant à la fréquence des haplotypes aux deux extrémités de la zone méditerranéenne de culture suggère des événements indé- pendants de domestication de la vigne., This research was funded by projects PETRI95-0282 and CM 07G/0045/2000. Support for research activity at the Centro Nacional de Biotecnología is provided through a specific agreement, Centro Superior de Investigaciones Científicas – Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (CSIC–INIA).

Edición bilingüe Esta guía es una herramienta didáctica para valorar el entorno periurbano del municipio de Vitoria-Gasteiz. El parque natural de Zabalgana es un espacio muy cercano a la ciudad y poseedor de un alto valor natural. La guía ayuda a apreciar los valores naturales de este parque y su entorno y pretende servir a los ciudadanos para descubrir o reencontrar la periferia natural. Presenta un itinerario divulgativo y didáctico, estructurado en lo que se han denominado 'estaciones temáticas', que tienen un contenido diverso y están diseñadas y elaboradas atendiendo a observaciones e interpretaciones naturales que el parque invita a realizar. País Vasco Biblioteca de Educación del Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte; Calle San Agustín, 5; 28014 Madrid; Tel. +34917748000; biblioteca@mecd.es ESP