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Introduction Cerebral and spinal cord cavernomas are vascular anomalies of the nervous system characterized by dilated vessels lined with a single layer of endothelium. They exhibit minimal blood flow and can occur in both the brain and spinal cord. They affect approximately 0.5% of the population and constitute 15% of cerebral vascular malformations. While spinal cavernomas are less common, they can cause significant morbidity due to the risk of hemorrhage and resulting neurological deficits. Surgical removal to completely eliminate the vascular abnormality is the preferred treatment. Material and Methods We present the case of a 66-year-old female patient who presented to our clinic with headache, dizziness, and left-sided hemiparesis, predominantly affecting the lower limb. Cerebral MRI revealed an intracranial mass in the left parietal lobe with signs of acute bleeding. Due to clinical symptom discrepancies and imaging findings, cervical MRI was performed, revealing an intramedullary tumor formation adjacent to the C4-C5 vertebral bodies. The patient underwent two surgeries, achieving total ablation of the lesions. Results Post-operative CT confirmed complete ablation of the cavernomas. No neurological deficits were reported after removal of the parietal cavernoma. One month after the first surgical intervention, the patient underwent a second surgery to excise the cervical tumor. Postoperatively, the patient experienced numbness in the left hand, which improved in the first week postoperatively. Conclusions The prevalence of associated intracranial cavernous malformations (CMs) in patients with spinal cord CMs was found to be 5 to 12% and typically observed in patients with the familial form of the condition. The coexistence of intracranial and spinal cord CMs is more likely to lead to aggressive disease progression. Therefore, it is imperative that both lesions are surgically removed within 30 days of each other. Managing cavernomas remains a complex clinical decision, often balancing intervention risks against potential neurological morbidity.

Introduction Crouzon syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by mutations in the FGFR2 gene, leading to premature fusion of cranial sutures (craniosynostosis) and resulting in distinct craniofacial abnormalities such as a beaked nose, shallow orbits causing proptosis, and midface hypoplasia. These patients often experience complications such as vision and hearing loss, and breathing difficulties due to nasal obstruction. Besides craniofacial anomalies, Crouzon syndrome can be associated with intracranial anomalies like meningiomas, making their management complex and multidisciplinary. Material and Methods We present the case of a 33-year-old female patient with a history of Crouzon syndrome, giant olfactory groove meningioma treated with gamma-knife in 2008 and 2009, chronic infantile encephalopathy, and behavioral disorder. The patient was admitted with complaints of headache, conductive hearing loss in the left ear, and a vegetative tumor formation in the left nasal fossa. Cerebral MRI and CT scans revealed multiple intracranial and nasal formations Results The patient underwent surgical resection of the nasal tumor. Histopathological result was atypic meningioma. Post-operative evolution of the patient was favorable, with no post-operative complications following total ablation of the nasal extension. Conclusions This case highlights the complexity of managing patients with multiple neurocranial, especially in the context of genetic disorders like Crouzon syndrome. While the precise incidence of meningiomas in patients with Crouzon syndrome isn't well-documented, it appears to be a rare complication. Due to its complexity, Crouzon syndrome may be associated with other complex pathologies like aneurysms and intracranial tumors, like it was presented in this case. Therefore, a multidisciplinary collaboration is crucial for optimal treatment and long-term follow-up.

Abstract Hoverflies (Syrphidae) are essential pollinators, and their severe decline jeopardizes their invaluable contribution to plant diversity and agricultural production. However, we know little about the dispersal abilities of hoverflies in urbanized landscapes, limiting our understanding of the spatiotemporal dynamics of plant–pollinator systems and reducing our ability to preserve biodiversity in the context of global change. Previous work has not addressed how urbanization affects the functional connectivity of hoverflies and whether dispersal is a limiting factor in their population dynamics. In this study, we investigated the spatial genetic structure of two nonmigratory species of hoverflies in two urban areas. We collected more than a thousand specimens of each Syritta pipiens and Myathropa florea, each, by hand netting in two western European urbanized study areas of 490 and 460 km2 in 2021, and we genotyped them at 14 and 24 microsatellite loci, respectively. Based on spatial and nonspatial Bayesian clustering methods, we failed to reject the null hypothesis of panmixia, suggesting that both species exhibited high genetic connectivity despite urbanization. The distribution of allele frequencies was not correlated with geographic distance, implying that isolation‐by‐distance was negligible at the investigated spatial scale in both species. Although anthropogenic land cover changes generally have dramatic consequences on biodiversity, these hoverfly species retain high connectivity, which suggests that dispersal is not a strong limiting factor in their metapopulational dynamics. However, high effective population size and its confounding effect on signals of genetic drift may limit our ability to conclude confidently about landscape effects on gene flow in those two species. Provided we maintain or restore habitat, recolonization may be prompt even in urban areas.

The applicability of capillary electrophoresis (CE) with light-emitting diode-induced fluorescence detection (LEDIF) for the separation of sugars in honey samples was studied. An amount of 25 mM ammonium acetate (pH 4.5) with 0.3% polyethylene oxide (PEO) was found to be optimal for the efficient separation of carbohydrates. 8-aminopyrene-1,3,6-trisulfonic acid (APTS) was used for the labeling of the carbohydrate standards and honey sugars for fluorescence detection. The optimized method was applied in the quantitative analysis of fructose and glucose by direct injection of honey samples. Apart from the labeling reaction, no other sample preparation was performed. The mean values of the fructose/glucose ratio for phacelia honey, acacia honey and honeydew honey were 0.86, 1.61 and 1.42, respectively. The proposed method provides high separation efficiency and sensitive detection within a short analysis time. Apart from the labeling reaction, it enables the injection of honeys without sample pretreatment. This is the first time that fluorescence detection has been applied for the CE analysis of sugars in honeys.

Abstract The global road network is expanding at an unprecedented rate, threatening the persistence of many species. Yet, even for the most endangered wildlife, crucial information on the distance up to which roads impact species abundance is lacking. Here we use ecological threshold analysis to quantify the road‐effect zone (REZ) for the critically endangered western chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes verus). We found: (1) the REZ extends 5.4 km (95% CI [4.9–5.8 km]) from minor roads and 17.2 km (95% CI [15.8–18.6]) from major roads, the latter being more than three times wider than a previous estimate of the average REZ for mammals; and (2) only 4.3% of the chimpanzees’ range is not impacted by existing roads. These findings reveal the high sensitivity and susceptibility of nonhuman primates to roads across West Africa, a region undergoing rapid development, and can inform the implementation of more effective guidelines to mitigate road impacts.