Search

Introduction: Several studies have highlighted the potential benefits of early prophylactic transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (preemptive TIPS) placement in reducing morbidity and mortality following variceal bleeding (VB). Baveno VII recommends its placement less than 72 h after VB (Child-Pugh class C 7 plus active bleeding). This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of preemptive TIPS compared to a control group in a referral center. Methods: The control group included cirrhotic patients with VB and Child-Pugh class C or B with active bleeding, retrospectively selected between 2016 and 2022 and divided into 2 subgroups: those that never underwent TIPS placement during the course of their illness (subgroup A) and those submitted to TIPS placement due to rebleeding (subgroup B). Additionally, patients who received preemptive TIPS placement between August 2022 and January 2024 were prospectively included into the preemptive transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (pTIPS) group. Results: A total of 47 patients were included, 19 (40.4%) in the pTIPS group and 28 (59.6%) in control group (17 in subgroup A). There were no differences in baseline characteristics between the groups, except hepatic encephalopathy that was significantly higher in the control group when compared to the pTIPS group: 19 (67.9%) versus 6 (31.6%), p = 0.014. Early rebleeding rates were significantly lower in the pTIPS group: 1 (5.3%) versus 13 (46.4%) (p = 0.002). There were no significant differences in 6-week survival between the groups: 25 (89.3%) versus 17 (89.5%), p = 0.683. Regarding hepatic encephalopathy, no significant differences were observed between the control and the pTIPS group: 6 (21.4%) versus 4 (21.1%), p = 0.632, even when comparing subgroup A (4, 23.5%) with the pTIPS group (p = 0.432). Conclusion: This real-world study highlights the potential benefits of preemptive TIPS placement in reducing early relapse of VB, thereby lowering morbidity and complications. The findings advocate for the proactive incorporation of preemptive TIPS into clinical practice to optimize patient outcomes following VB.

Enquadramento: o Coronavírus desencadeou o maior desafio dos últimos tempos para o sistema mundial de saúde. Perante este cenário inesperado, novos fatores influenciaram a carga de trabalho de enfermagem. Objetivo: avaliar a carga de trabalho de enfermagem do doente internado com infeção provocada por COVID-19 num Serviço de Medicina Intensiva através do Nursing Activities Score (NAS). Metodologia: estudo observacional e retrospetivo, realizado com doentes internados num Serviço de Medicina Intensiva Polivalente. Para a colheita das variáveis demográficas, clínicas e NAS foi efetuada consulta dos registos clínicos. Resultados: o NAS mediano obtido no doente de nível II foi de 55 com máximo de 81,7 e mínimo de 41, variando entre 81,7 e 44,1 no primeiro dia. O NAS mediano obtido no doente de nível III foi de 58 com máximo de 89,5 e mínimo de 42,8, variando entre 89,5 e 49,6 no primeiro dia. Conclusão: verificou-se que a carga de trabalho de enfermagem foi superior com doentes COVID-19. A carga de trabalho de enfermagem também foi superior nos doentes COVID-19 de nível III.

Background: The role of capsule endoscopy in the evaluation of the small bowel is well established, and current guidelines position it as a first-line test in a variety of clinical scenarios. The advent of double-headed capsules further enabled the endoscopic assessment of colonic mucosa and the opportunity for a one-step noninvasive examination of the entire bowel (pan-enteric capsule endoscopy [PCE]). Summary: We reviewed the technical procedure and preparation of patients for PCE, as well as its current clinical applications and future perspectives. In non-stricturing and non-penetrating Crohn’s disease affecting the small bowel and colon, PCE monitors disease activity by assessing mucosal healing, a major treatment outcome, with a higher diagnostic yield than cross-sectional imaging or conventional colonoscopy. Also in ulcerative colitis, double-headed capsules have been used to monitor disease activity noninvasively. Currently, validated scoring systems have been specifically devised for these double-headed capsules and permit a standardized assessment of the inflammatory burden. In suspected mid-lower digestive bleeding, some exploratory studies have demonstrated the feasibility and high diagnostic yield of PCE, which may work as a filter indicating which patients may benefit of further invasive procedures, namely, for planned hemostatic procedures. The possibility of using PCE is also discussed in the context of polyposis syndromes with simultaneous involvement of the small intestine and colon. Key Messages: PCE is a feasible, effective, and safe diagnostic procedure to evaluate the small bowel and colon. It has been increasingly explored in the setting of inflammatory bowel diseases and, more recently, in suspected mid-lower digestive bleeding. PCE is expected to reduce the demand for invasive procedures and expand the scope of noninvasive intestinal evaluation in the coming future.

Introduction: Many patients with Crohn’s Disease (CD) require surgical resection during their lifetime. Nevertheless, postoperative recurrence (POR) is common. Risk factors for POR are still yet to be completely established, but some prognostic factors have already been widely recognized. Patients that undergo early postoperative immunomodulators (EPI) (azathioprine or biological therapy) seem to have a lower risk of recurrence. We aimed at assessing whether or not EPI is effective in preventing POR and at the same time validating traditional and new risk factors for POR. Methods: A single-center retrospective cohort study was performed. Review of clinical, demographic and histopathological characteristics of patients undergoing ileocolonic resection for CD between 2015 and 2020 was performed. EPI was defined as the restarting or introduction of azathioprine or biologics within 8 weeks after surgery. Presence of recurrence was defined as Rutgeerts score ≥ i2. Results: Sixty-five patients were included. The median age at diagnosis was 25 years (inter-quartile range 20–33 years). POR was present in 44.6% of patients, and the median time from surgery to recurrence was 2 years. EPI was the therapeutic option in 36 patients (55.4%). Univariate analysis identified as predictors of POR within 2 years: the behavior of the disease and not taking azathioprine or biologics prior to the surgery. Moreover, univariate analysis identified as predictors of time to POR: behavior of disease, less than 5 years between diagnosis and surgery and the absence of immunomodulatory therapy prior to the surgery. Multivariable analysis revealed that EPI, after adjusting for other predictors, was not associated with a reduction in POR. Conclusions: EPI may not have a protective effect against recurrence. The strength of prognostic factors for POR may not be modified by EPI.

Objectives. To implement and evaluate the use of wastewater sampling for detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in two coastal districts of Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. Methods. In General Pueyrredon district, 400 mL of wastewater samples were taken with an automatic sampler for 24 hours, while in Pinamar district, 20 L in total (2.2 L at 20-minute intervals) were taken. Samples were collected once a week. The samples were concentrated based on flocculation using polyaluminum chloride. RNA purification and target gene amplification and detection were performed using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for clinical diagnosis of human nasopharyngeal swabs. Results. In both districts, the presence of SARS-CoV-2 was detected in wastewater. In General Pueyrredon, SARS-CoV-2 was detected in epidemiological week 28, 2020, which was 20 days before the start of an increase in coronavirus virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases in the first wave (epidemiological week 31) and 9 weeks before the maximum number of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases was recorded. In Pinamar district, the virus genome was detected in epidemiological week 51, 2020 but it was not possible to carry out the sampling again until epidemiological week 4, 2022, when viral circulation was again detected. Conclusions. It was possible to detect SARS-CoV-2 virus genome in wastewater, demonstrating the usefulness of the application of wastewater epidemiology for long-term SARS-CoV-2 detection and monitoring.

Abstract Comparing the nature of adolescent sleep across urban and more isolated, rural settings through an ecological, cross-cultural perspective represents one way to inform sleep nuances and broaden our understanding of human development, wellbeing and evolution. Here we tested the Social Jetlag Hypothesis, according to which contemporary, urban lifestyles and technological advances are associated with sleep insufficiency in adolescents. We documented the adolescent sleep duration (11–16 years old; X̅ = 13.7 ± 1.21; n = 145) in two small agricultural, indigenous and one densely urban context in Mexico to investigate whether adolescents in socio-ecologically distinct locations experience sleep deprivation. Sleep data was assembled with actigraphy, sleep diaries and standardized questionnaires. We employed multilevel models to analyze how distinct biological and socio-cultural factors (i.e., pubertal maturation, chronotype, napping, gender, working/schooling, access to screen-based devices, exposure to light, and social sleep practices) shape adolescent sleep duration. Results suggest that the prevalence of adolescent short sleep quotas is similar in rural, more traditional environments compared to highly urbanized societies, and highlight the influence of social activities on the expression of human sleep. This study challenges current assumptions about natural sleep and how adolescents slept before contemporary technological changes occurred.

RESUMO Este trabalho inserido no campo da Política Linguística (PL) tem como objetivo investigar as ideologias linguísticas sobre a língua francesa (LF) presentes em textos de alunos de francês como língua estrangeira (FLE), em seis escolas de língua, na cidade de João Pessoa. Para atingirmos tal objetivo, analisamos, qualitativamente, as respostas a uma pergunta de um questionário aplicado a 174 alunos, explorando o conteúdo temático e os elementos textuais a partir da Linguística Textual (Koch, 2000a, 2000b). A análise foi realizada conforme os pressupostos teóricos das Ideologias Linguísticas (Del Valle, 2007; Arnoux & Del Valle, 2010; e Del Valle & Meirinho-Guede, 2016). Os resultados indicaram que as ideias sobre a LF apresentam conexões diversas com dimensões sociais: estética - LF como símbolo de elegância e requinte e LF como representativa de uma cultura superior-, epistemológica - LF como língua da ciência -, identidade nacional - LF como língua da França -, identidade internacional - LF como língua da diplomacia - e laboral - LF como língua para o mercado de trabalho.

Abstract Alloying is an established strategy to tune the properties of bulk compounds for desired applications. With the advent of nanotechnology, the same strategy can be applied to 2D materials for technological applications, like single-layer transistors and solid lubricants. Here we present a systematic analysis of the phase behaviour of substitutional 2D alloys in the Transition Metal Disulfides (TMD) family. The phase behaviour is quantified in terms of a metastability metric and benchmarked against many-body expansion of the energy landscape. We show how the metastability metric can be directly used as starting point for setting up rational search strategies in phase space, thus allowing for targeted further computational prediction and analysis of properties. The results presented here also constitute a useful guideline for synthesis of TMDs binary alloys via a range of synthesis techniques.

O texto apresentado tem como objetivo dialogar com a categoria exílio interno como um acontecimento histórico e discursivo, vivenciado por mulheres em tempos de governos ditatoriais no Brasil. Como corpus de análise trabalhamos com as narrativas orais apresentadas na obra “Memórias das mulheres do exílio” publicado no ano de 1980. Metodologicamente, o trabalho foi desenvolvido na interlocução da Análise de Discurso e da História Social, possibilitando uma melhor compreensão do funcionamento da memória e seus sentidos. Para a realização deste estudo, compreendemos o discurso como a palavra em movimento, como espaço sócio histórico, um espaço de luta e resistências. As análises realizadas indicam que o exílio interno foi um acontecimento permeados de muitas memórias e histórias, vivenciadas de maneiras diferenciadas por cada narradora, mas que trazem marcas do silêncio, das dores do corpo e da perda identitária.

Abstract Background Point of care ultrasound (PoCUS) is a useful tool for the early diagnosis of thrombosis related to the central venous catheter for dialysis (TR-CVCd). However, the application of PoCUS is still not common as a bedside imaging examination and TR-CVCd remains often underdiagnosed in the routine practice. The aim of this study was to investigate if a compression technique for the diagnosis of TR-CVCd blindly performed by PoCUS experts and medical students is accurate when compared to a Doppler study. Methods Two medical students without prior knowledge in PoCUS received a short theoretical–practical training to evaluate TR-CVCd of the internal jugular vein by means of the ultrasound compression technique. After the training phase, patients with central venous catheter for dialysis (CVCd) were evaluated by the students in a private hemodialysis clinic. The results were compared to those obtained on the same population by doctors with solid experience in PoCUS, using both the compression technique and the color Doppler. Results Eighty-one patients were eligible for the study and the prevalence of TR-CVCd diagnosed by Doppler was 28.4%. The compression technique performed by the students and by experts presented, respectively, a sensitivity of 59.2% (CI 51.6–66.8) vs 100% and a specificity of 89.6% (CI 84.9–94.3) vs 94.8% (CI 91.4–98.2). Conclusion The compression technique in the hands of PoCUS experts demonstrated high accuracy in the diagnosis of TR-CVCd and should represent a standard in the routine examination of dialytic patients. The training of PoCUS inexperienced students for the diagnosis of TR-CVCd is feasible but did not lead to a sufficient level of sensitivity.

Abstract Monitoring plans using environmental DNA have the potential to offer a standardized and cost‐efficient method to survey biodiversity in aquatic ecosystems. Among these ecosystems, coastal wetlands are key elements that serve as transition zones between marine and freshwater ecosystems and are today the target of many conservation and restoration efforts. In this sense, eDNA monitoring could provide a rapid and efficient tool for studying and generating baseline biodiversity information to guide coastal wetland management programs. Here, we test an eDNA metabarcoding assay as a tool to characterize vertebrate biodiversity in one of the largest coastal wetlands of Chile, the Rio Cruces Wetland, a Ramsar designated site since 1981. We sampled surface water from 49 sites along the entire wetland. Our eDNA approach detected 91genera of vertebrates including amphibians, fishes, mammals, and birds, as well as identified several cryptic, exotic, and endangered species. Our results also indicated that the spatial distribution of eDNA from different species is spatially structured despite the complex hydrodynamics inherent in this wetland due to the influence of daily tidal regimes. For amphibians and fishes, the number of taxa detected with eDNA was higher in the periphery of the wetland, and increased with proximity to the ocean, a pattern consistent with small‐scale spatial sensitivity for some species and eDNA accumulation downstream for others. Birds and mammals showed somewhat more idiosyncratic distributions. Taken together, our results add to the growing body of evidence showing eDNA can serve as a rapid cost‐effective tool to characterize vertebrate communities in protected coastal wetlands, where visual surveys are difficult and animal collections are often prohibited. The use of multiple primer sets is also recommended as it facilitates the detection of ephemeral terrestrial organisms and resident aquatic organisms that make use of these wetlands.

Highlights Voluntary alcohol drinking is higher in adult female rats compared to adult male rats. This sex difference is most pronounced in the later phase of the dark cycle, and when the operant effort is minimal (when 1 lever press gives 1 reward: fixed ratio 1, FR1). Higher alcohol intake in females is primarily due to “front-loading”, or the rapid consumption of alcohol within the first 5 min of access. Increasing the effort required to obtain alcohol from FR1 to FR3 dampens front-loading drinking behavior, resulting in similar levels of total intake in males and females. Compressing the time of access to 15 min drives up front-loading to such a degree that rats end up consuming more alcohol in total than they do in 30-min sessions. In males, this increase in drinking is large enough that it eliminates the sex difference in total alcohol intake.

Taking examples from Chile, Colombia and Ecuador, the following section analyzes the challenges, potentialities and ambivalences that the concept of ethnicity as a social category unfolds in practice. The examples show that although ethnicity is a modern colonial category that homogenizes and racializes non-“western” populations, it can also be used strategically (or be rejected) by ethnicized actors themselves, to mobilize, strengthen and articulate their own political projects.

The initial conditions found in infrared dark clouds (IRDCs) provide insights on how high-mass stars and stellar clusters form. We have conducted high-angular resolution and high-sensitivity observations toward thirty-nine massive IRDC clumps, which have been mosaicked using the 12 and 7 m arrays from the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array. The targets are 70 μ m dark massive (220–4900 M _⊙ ), dense (>10 ^4 cm ^−3 ), and cold (∼10–20 K) clumps located at distances between 2 and 6 kpc. We identify an unprecedented number of 839 cores, with masses between 0.05 and 81 M _⊙ using 1.3 mm dust continuum emission. About 55% of the cores are low-mass (

The sliding motion of objects is typically governed by their friction with the underlying surface. Compared to translational friction, however, rotational friction has received much less attention. Here, we experimentally and theoretically study the rotational depinning and orientational dynamics of two-dimensional colloidal crystalline clusters on periodically corrugated surfaces in the presence of magnetically exerted torques. We demonstrate that the traversing of locally commensurate areas of the moiré pattern through the edges of clusters, which is hindered by potential barriers during cluster rotation, controls its rotational depinning. The experimentally measured depinning thresholds as a function of cluster size strikingly collapse onto a universal theoretical curve which predicts the possibility of a superlow-static-torque state for large clusters. We further reveal a cluster-size-independent rotation-translation depinning transition when lattice-matched clusters are driven jointly by a torque and a force. Our work provides guidelines to the design of nanomechanical devices that involve rotational motions on atomic surfaces.

Em 2018 a imprensa dedicou uma atenção bastante significativa à promoção do espanhol na China. Com aproximadamente 1,4 bilhões de habitantes, este país asiático é o mais recente objetivo estratégico da expansão do espanhol como língua estrangeira executada pelo Estado espanhol. Eventos como a criação de um convênio entre a Real Academia de la Lengua española (RAE) e a Universidade de Estudos Internacionais de Shangai (SISU), e a inclusão da língua espanhola no currículo da Educação Básica do país tiveram um entusiasmado destaque na imprensa e também no foro de notícias da própria RAE. Este trabalho tem como objetivo realizar uma análise comparativa – tratando de detectar convergências e divergências – entre a atual promoção do espanhol na China e a promoção do espanhol no Brasil, que teve seu auge nos anos 90 e na primeira década dos anos 2000. Adotando o enfoque glotopolítico (ARNOUX, 2000) como pressuposto teórico, tratamos de detectar ideologemas que surgem na promoção discursiva do espanhol em cada caso, o que consequentemente revela aspectos importantes destes processos de planificação linguística relacionados aos campos político, econômico e ideológico.

El problema polisémico de los cultivos de uso ilícito, particularmente el relacionado con la hoja de coca, es abordado desde el estudio de algunas de las externalidades negativas derivadas de la producción de hoja de coca respecto al medio ambiente y la economía de las comunidades que se dedican a su producción, las cuales han tendido a agudizarse en el posacuerdo. En este sentido, se presenta un análisis que articula las narrativas económicas y jurídicas a través del análisis económico del derecho, para tener una aproximación teórica y empírica a los eventuales efectos que puede producir determinada política, decisión o regulación jurídica sobre este tipo de economías ilícitas.

La hemorragia digestiva alta se define como el sangrado originado en el tracto digestivo superior, proximalmente al ángulo de Treitz, y constituye la urgencia gastroenterológica más importante. Tiene una incidencia que varía, según el área estudiada, entre 48 y 160 casos por 100 000 habitantes y año. Aunque puede ser causada por numerosas etiologías, no debemos olvidar aquellas menos comunes, ya que pueden condicionar una alta mortalidad, como es el caso de la rotura de un aneurisma de la arteria hepática. A continuación, mostramos un caso representativo.

RESUMO: A fase tecnológica 3.0 reflete o tsunami de dados presentes na rede e, por isso, é importante um bom planejamento na organização das informações nas interfaces. Na literatura, os trabalhos sobre análise de redes sociais investigam o discurso dos enunciados, o comportamento dos membros e a aprendizagem a distância. Nesse contexto, o conceito de usabilidade, como um instrumento de avaliação da organização da informação no ambiente da navegação, foi detectado de forma escassa. Esta proposta é um estudo de caso que aborda a usabilidade como instrumento na avaliação da informação na comunidade Leitores BR do aplicativo Amino. O delineamento metodológico foi concebido em duas fases. A primeira consistiu na aplicação do roteiro de interpretação de redes por Kadushin (2012), versando sobre as categorias de qualidade, de natureza da conexão, de intensidade, de popularidade ou de centralidade, de nomeação de posições e relações na hierarquia e de observação de papéis. A segunda fase, consistiu na aplicação das diretrizes de boas práticas do Modelo de Acessibilidade em Governo Eletrônico (eMAG) nos dados obtidos no estágio anterior, versando sobre: o contexto e a navegação, a carga de informação, a autonomia, os erros, o desenho, a redação e a consistência e a familiaridade. Resultados revelam que há requisitos de usabilidade não contemplados na organização da interface, tais como: melhora da intuitividade e da poluição visual, aprimoramento da organização dos textos nas postagens do blog e da visualização dos comandos de busca e acesso ao perfil do usuário. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: usabilidade; informação, redes; comunidade; aplicativo. ABSTRACT: The 3.0 technological scenario reflects the tsunami of data on the Web and, in this panorama, it is important to consider how information is organized in the interface of social network. In literature review, the work on social network analysis investigates the production of discursive practices and enunciations, behavior of members and distance learning. A lack of application of usability was perceived, as a tool to evaluate the organization of information in the navigation environment. This proposal addresses usability as a tool for the evaluation of information in the Amino application BR Readers community. The methodological approach has two stages. The first one is the application of the network interpretation script by Kadushin (2012), that involves the following categories: quality, nature of connection, intensity, popularity or centrality, named positions and relationships, and observed roles. The second one is the application of the guidelines of good practices of the Electronic Government Accessibility Model (eMAG) and involves the following guidelines: context and navigation, level of information, autonomy, errors, design, writing and consistency and familiarity. Results reveal that there are some usability requirements not included in the organization of the interface, such as the lack of intuitiveness and visual pollution, the organization of texts in blog posts and obstacles to visualize search commands and access the user profile. KEYWORDS: usability; information; network; community; app.

Abstract Objective Describe the prevalence of Bordetella pertussis via PCR in children under 5 years old hospitalized as probable cases of pertussis and report the most common clinical features among them. Results A positive PCR result for B. pertussis was observed in 20.5% of our samples (18/88), one-third of them were from infants between 2 and 3 months old. The most common symptoms were paroxysms of coughing (88.9%), difficulty breathing (72.2%), cyanosis (77.8%) and fever (50%). The mother was the most common symptomatic carrier (27.8%), followed by uncles/aunts (22.2%) among children with pertussis.

Resumo: As anomalias congénitas das artérias coronárias são alterações da sua origem, trajeto ou estrutura e a sua incidência varia entre 0,2 e 5,6%. Apesar de a maioria ser assintomática, são a segunda causa morte súbita de origem cardíaca em jovens atletas.O objetivo deste trabalho é salientar as principais anomalias com repercussões hemodinâmicas, nomeadamente as anomalias da origem das artérias coronárias na aorta e as anomalias em que a artéria coronária esquerda tem origem na artéria pulmonar.As anomalias da origem das artérias coronárias na aorta correspondem a 14‐17% de todas as mortes súbitas de causa cardíaca, que ocorrem inesperadamente em crianças saudáveis ou jovens atletas durante ou imediatamente após o exercício físico. O mecanismo responsável pela compressão/oclusão da artéria coronária com origem no seio coronário oposto ainda não é claro e existem vários mecanismos propostos. A apresentação clínica desses doentes é bastante variável e o exame físico é na maioria das vezes normal. O ecocardiograma transtorácico é o exame mais usado para o diagnóstico. A abordagem, o tratamento e o seguimento desses doentes é ainda um tema controverso.A origem anómala da artéria coronária esquerda na artéria pulmonar é ainda mais rara e a maioria dos doentes morre no primeiro ano de vida, se não for feita correção cirúrgica. O ecocardiograma é também o método de eleição para a sua confirmação. O diagnóstico dessa anomalia numa criança, gravemente doente, é indicação cirúrgica de urgência.Pelas alterações hemodinâmicas que acarretam, o seu diagnóstico e tratamento precoce são importantes. Abstract: Congenital coronary artery anomalies are modifications of their origin, course or structure and its incidence varies between 0,2 and 5,6% of the general population. Although the majority is asymptomatic, they are the second leading cause of sudden cardiac death in young athletes.The aim of this study is to highlight the main anomalies with hemodynamic significance, including the anomalous origin of a coronary artery from the opposite sinus and anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from pulmonary artery.The anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery from the opposite sinus accounts for 14‐16% of all cardiac deaths, that unexpectedly occur in healthy children or young athletes during or immediately after exercise. The mechanism responsible for the compression/occlusion of the coronary artery originating from the opposite sinus is still unclear and there are several proposed mechanisms. The clinical presentation of these patients is variable and physical examination is normal in most individuals. Transthoracic echocardiogram is the diagnostic test most commonly used. Treatment and management are controversial topic.The anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from pulmonary artery is a very rare condition and without surgery, most infants die within the first 12 months of life. The echocardiogram is also the method of choice for diagnostic confirmation. The diagnosis of this congenital anomaly in an infant, usually seriously ill, is an indication for urgent surgery.Because these anomalies produce hemodynamic changes, it is important an early diagnosis and treatment. Palavras‐chave: Anomalias das artérias coronárias, Anomalias da origem das artérias coronárias na aorta, Anomalias da origem das artérias coronárias na artéria pulmonar, Morte súbita de origem cardíaca, Keywords: Coronary vessel anomalies, Anomalous aortic origin of the coronary artery, Anomalous origin of the coronary artery from pulmonary artery, Cardiac sudden death

La almoneda del diablo is a play written by the Spaniard Rafael María Liern y Cerach that had an enormous success in Mexico and Spain. This comedy attracted the attention of several writers and authors in our country, and, among others in the same genre, it was considered an appropriate text for child readers, as many of the different published versions of the Venegas Arroyo printing house prove. This article will then revise its interests and reception, as well as the different versions found in the popular books published by this printer from Puebla.

A purple cactus pear (Opuntia ficus-indica) extract (CP) was encapsulated in double emulsions (DE) gelled with gelatin (DE-CP-G) and with gelatin and transglutaminase (DE-CP-GT), as well as in a DE with a liquid external aqueous phase (DE-CP), in order to study the retention of betanin as colorant agent. Both gelled DEs showed a predominantly elastic behavior, in contrast with DE-CP. The degradation rate constant of betanin was significantly higher in DE-CP-GT (90.2 x 10-3 days-1) than in DE-CP-G (11.0 x 10-3 days-1) and DE-CP (14.6 x 10-3 days-1) during cold-storage (4 °C). A shift towards yellow color was found in all the systems during cold-storage (4 °C) and after thermal treatment (70°C/30 min), especially in DE-CP-GT, denoting a higher degradation of betanin. Betalamic acid, cyclo-Dopa 5-O-β-glucoside, 17-decarboxy-betanin and neobetanin were identified by UHPLC-MS/MS as degradation products of betanin.

En las primeras tres entregas de Tiempo de Revueltas, el especialista retoma textos ensayísticos del autor que han sufrido cierto desinterés por parte de la crítica y los pone en diálogo, incluso en franca confrontación, con las escrituras de Daniel Cosío Villegas, Ricardo Flores Magón y Pablo Neruda. El trabajo de investigación de este volumen ya no recae en un mecanismo dialógico entre el autor de Dormir en tierra y otro escritor. En su lugar, el ejercicio crítico da paso al rescate de sus textos de nota roja y el análisis de su figura como autor de dicho género periodístico.

This article aimed to understand the production of different discursive meanings in pedagogical practice with textbooks designed for Youth and Adult Education (EJA) in the city of Pouso Alegre-MG, as well as the meaning of this practice and these materials for learners. Theoretically and methodologically, this research is affiliated to the French Discourse Analysis and to studies established by Eni Puccinelli Orlandi. We have selected for this analysis the textbook “É bom aprender”, published in the year of 2009, which meets the requirements of resolution 51, from 16/09/2009. In addition to regard the meanings produced by such textbook, we also performed interviews – initiative in which we have employed the methodology of Oral History – with a fellow-pupil of the Municipal Center for Adult and Youth Education, seeking to understand the configuration of discursive forms that emerge from the teaching-learning process and its meaning for learners who are enrolled at EJA.

U.S. immigration policy over the last 100 years has changed the onus of political acculturation from public programs to private groups like churches. After this significant policy change, how do religion, social capital, and nativity intersect in the political mobilization of racial minorities? Furthermore, after the 1965 Hart-Celler Act, the country of origin of immigrants shifted from European countries to Latin America and Asia. Scholars have theorized that churches play a pivotal role in the socialization of immigrants by providing a place of belonging and a community willing to teach newcomers about the goings-on of American political society. How have these acculturation policies worked under new immigration populations? Previous scholarly work has connected social capital with churches, though their relationship to political participation has been minimal. We hypothesize that social capital and religious tradition have a multiplicative effect on the participation rates of believers, but that race mitigates that effect. The positioning of racial groups in broader society impacts the significance and role of churches within these communities. We use Collaborative Multiracial Post-Election Survey (CMPS) 2016 data to examine the connection between social capital, religion, and political behavior in a novel attempt to systematically identify the unique role of churches in the mobilization of racial minority communities. We use these results to suggest that the current policies of privatizing political acculturation have had less success with more recent waves of immigrants.

Cells trigger massive changes in gene expression upon environmental fluctuations. The Hog1 stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK) is an important regulator of the transcriptional activation program that maximizes cell fitness when yeast cells are exposed to osmostress. Besides being associated with transcription factors bound at target promoters to stimulate transcriptional initiation, activated Hog1 behaves as a transcriptional elongation factor that is selective for stress-responsive genes. Here, we provide insights into how this signaling kinase functions in transcription elongation. Hog1 phosphorylates the Spt4 elongation factor at Thr42 and Ser43 and such phosphorylations are essential for the overall transcriptional response upon osmostress. The phosphorylation of Spt4 by Hog1 regulates RNA polymerase II processivity at stress-responsive genes, which is critical for cell survival under high osmostress conditions. Thus, the direct regulation of Spt4 upon environmental insults serves to stimulate RNA Pol II elongation efficiency.

Objetivo: avaliar a existência de condutas de mobbing nos enfermeiros de um hospital da Região Centro de Portugal. Método: estudo descritivo de abordagem quantitativa, correlacional e de natureza transversal. A amostra foi composta por 218 enfermeiros. Os dados foram coletados através de um questionário com a Escala de Avaliação de Condutas de Mobbing, aplicado no período de 6 de setembro a 7 de novembro de 2014. Projeto de pesquisa aprovado por comitê de ética, com CAAE nº 56/2014. Resultados: 92,2% experimentaram pelo menos uma conduta de mobbing. Em média os enfermeiros sofrem 12 condutas de mobbing, com um efeito quase nulo e uma intensidade fraca. Conclusão: a idade, as faltas frequentes, as habilitações acadêmicas, e as circunstâncias não profissionais que afetam a vida estão relacionadas de forma significativa com pelo menos um dos índices de mobbing. Os superiores que valorizam o desempenho e a satisfação profissional estão inversamente relacionados de forma significativa com a presença de mobbing. ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate for the existence of mobbing behaviors in nurses at a hospital in the Central Region of Portugal. Method: in this quantitative, correlational and cross-sectional descriptive study, data were collected from September 6 to 7 November 2014 by applying a questionnaire with a Mobbing Conduct Assessment Scale to a sample of 218 male nurses. The research project was approved by a research ethics committee (CAAE 56/2014). Results: 92.2% experienced at least one mobbing behavior. On average, nurses suffered 12 mobbing behaviors, with almost no effect and low intensity. Conclusion: age, frequent absences, academic qualifications, and life-changing non-professional circumstances are significantly related to at least one of the mobbing indices. Superiors who value performance and job satisfaction were significantly and inversely related to the existence of mobbing. RESUMEN Objetivo: evaluar la existencia de conductas de mobbing en los enfermeros de un hospital de la Región Centro de Portugal. Método: estudio de enfoque descriptivo cuantitativo, correlacional y de naturaleza transversal. La muestra estuvo constituida por 218 enfermeros. La recolección de datos se hizo a través de un cuestionario utilizando una Escala de Evaluación de Conductas de Mobbing, aplicado en el período comprendido entre el 6 de Septiembre al 7 de Noviembre de 2014. Proyecto de investigación aprobado por comité de ética (CAAE 56/2014). Resultados: El 92,2% experimentó por lo menos una conducta de mobbing. En promedio, los enfermeros sufren 12 comportamientos de mobbing, con un efecto casi nulo y baja intensidad. Conclusión: la edad, las ausencias frecuentes, la titulación académica y las circunstancias no profesionales que afectan la vida están significativamente relacionadas con al menos uno de los índices de mobbing. Los superiores que valoran el desempeño y la satisfacción profesional tienen una significativa relación inversa con la presencia de mobbing. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12957/reuerj.2017.14460

Cognitive deficits associated with teenage drinking may be due to disrupted myelination of prefrontal circuits. To better understand how alcohol affects myelination, male and female Wistar rats (n = 7−9/sex/treatment) underwent two weeks of intermittent operant self-administration of sweetened alcohol or sweetened water early in adolescence (postnatal days 28−42) and we tested for macro- and microstructural changes to myelin. We previously reported data from the males of this study showing that alcohol drinking reduced myelinated fiber density in layers II−V of the anterior cingulate division of the medial prefrontal cortex (Cg1); herein, we show that myelinated fiber density was not significantly altered by alcohol in females. Alcohol drinking patterns were similar in both sexes, but males were in a pre-pubertal state for a larger proportion of the alcohol exposure period, which may have contributed to the differential effects on myelinated fiber density. To gain more insight into how alcohol impacts myelinated axons, brain sections from a subset of these animals (n = 6/sex/treatment) were used for microstructural analyses of the nodes of Ranvier. Confocal analysis of nodal domains, flanked by immunofluorescent-labeled contactin-associated protein (Caspr) clusters, indicated that alcohol drinking reduced nodal length-to-width ratios in layers II/III of the Cg1 in both sexes. Despite sex differences in the underlying cause (larger diameter axons after alcohol in males vs. shorter nodal lengths after alcohol in females), reduced nodal ratios could have important implications for the speed and integrity of neural transmission along these axons in both males and females. Alcohol-induced changes to myelinated axonal populations in the Cg1 may contribute to long-lasting changes in prefrontal function associated with early onset drinking.

O mobbing tem sido considerado um importante fator de risco psicossocial à saúde física e mental do trabalhador. Perante a importância do conceito e escassa literatura científica sobre o mesmo, surge este estudo que visa avaliar a existência de condutas de mobbing, a sua intensidade e frequência na profissão de enfermagem. Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, de caráter descritivo correlacional e de natureza transversal. A amostra por conveniência foi constituída por enfermeiros dos Centros de Saúde da Região da Cova da Beira. O instrumento de colheita de dados foi o questionário e os dados foram tratados com base no programa SPSS (17.0) utilizando-se a estatística descritiva e inferencial. Dos resultados obtidos, verificou-se que 90,38% dos enfermeiros consideraram sofrer pelo menos uma estratégia de mobbing, sendo que a média se situa em 8 condutas vivenciadas por cada enfermeiro, com um efeito significativo (10,3) embora uma intensidade fraca (1,51). Verificou-se que o “estado civil” e a “existência de filhos” influenciam a dimensão Bloqueio do Progresso e que a “valorização do desempenho” influencia a dimensão Desprestígio Laboral a “satisfação com a profissão” influencia a dimensão Bloqueio do Progresso e as “circunstâncias não profissionais” influenciam o mobbing global, a dimensão Desprestígio Pessoal e a Intimidação Manifesta.El mobbing ha sido considerado un importante factor de riesgo psicosocial para la salud física y mental del trabajador. Debido a la importancia del tema y la escasa literatura científica sobre el mismo, surge este estudio para satisfacer la necesidad de evaluar la existencia de conductas de mobbing, frecuencia e intensidad dentro del colectivo de profesionales de enfermería. Se trata de un estudio cuantitativo, de carácter descriptivo correlacional y de corte transversal. El muestreo por conveniencia fue constituido por enfermeros de los Centros de Salud de la Región de Cova da Beira. El instrumento para la recolección de datos fue el cuestionario, utilizando el programa SPSS (17.0) para el tratamiento de los mismos, haciendo uso de estadística descriptiva e inferencial. De los resultados obtenidos, se observó que el 90,38% de enfermeros declaran haber sufrido por lo menos un comportamiento de mobbing, aún la media se sitúa en 8 conductas vivenciadas por cada enfermero, con un efecto significativo (10,3) pero con una intensidad baja (1,51). Se observó que el “estado civil” y la “existencia de hijos” influyen en la dimensión Bloqueo del Progreso y que la “valorización del desempeño” influye en la dimensión Desprestigio Laboral, la “satisfacción con la profesión” influye en la dimensión Bloqueo del Progreso y las “circunstancias no profesionales” influyen en el mobbing global, la dimensión Desprestigio Personal y la Intimidación Real.Mobbing has been considered an important psychosocial risk factor for the worker’s physical and mental health. Given the importance of the concept and the scarce scientific literature about it, this study was carried out to evaluate the existence of mobbing behaviors, their intensity and frequency in the nursing profession. This is a descriptive correlational and cross-sectional quantitative study. The convenience sample consisted of nurses from the Health Centers in the Region of Cova da Beira. As data collection instrument, we used a questionnaire; the data were analyzed with SPSS (17.0) applying descriptive and inferential statistics. The results showed that 90,38% of nurses suffered at least one mobbing strategies. However the average stands at eight, with a significant effect (10,3) in spite of a weak intensity (1,51). It was found that “marital status” and “the existence of children” affect the Blocking Progress dimension, “performance enhancement” affects Work Prestige, “career satisfaction” affects Blocking Progress, and “nonprofessional circumstances” affects global mobbing, Personal Disrepute and Actual Intimidation.

El espacio geográfico es localizable y se representa por medio de productos cartográficos, siendo estos una herramienta fundamental para la visualización de los fenómenos del lugar. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar las transformaciones espaciales de la Delegación Municipal de General Daniel Cerri, en base al análisis visual de cartografía a escala 1:50.000, para el período comprendido entre 1967 y 2008. La misma se localiza en el oeste de la ciudad de Bahía Blanca ubicada en el suroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. El presente estudio forma parte del proyecto “La digitalización y actualización de la carta topográfica de Bahía Blanca a escala 1: 50.000”. La metodología de este trabajo se basa en la aplicación de técnicas de producción de cartografía digital, relevamiento en el terreno y la consulta a diversas fuentes de información cartográfica como son las fotos aéreas, la carta topográfica, los planos de los sectores y las imágenes satelitales entre otras. La delegación en estudio comprende la localidad de General Cerri y los siguientes barrios: Los Chañares, Villa Bordeu y Don Ramiro. La expansión de la ciudad de Bahía Blanca en las últimas cuatro décadas ha generado nuevos espacios y modificado las áreas ya existentes, en la delegación cabe destacar el crecimiento del barrio Los Chañares que se convierte en un área residencial de baja densidad, el desarrollo de dos franjas comerciales a lo largo de las rutas nacionales Nº 35 y Nº 3 Sur, y el estancamiento del área comprendida por la localidad de General Cerri que sufre deterioros económicos y mantiene la característica de área periférica y hortícola.

The present article discusses, on the basis of Jürgen Habermas views, the importance of subjectivity in the constitution of a democracy where the processes of change come from popular sovereignty. For this purpose it analyzes the experience of changes made by the subjects in the modernization processes in Chile and its relation with the potential for political action. This experience represents either a restriction or a potential both for the development of action and the expression of civil society will in the public sphere. It shows that the more precarious the experience of change is, the smaller will be peoples ability to exercise their citizenship in the public political space.

El presente artículo persigue describir las características principales de las construcciones hechas por las fábricas, en el centro y los alrededores de la ciudad de México, desde fines del siglo XIX al XX. Las fábricas de México en el siglo XIX se caracterizaron por tener varios elementos constructivos y tecnológicos que les fueron otorgando un perfil único dentro del panorama productivo del país. Para observar el proceso de construcción, principalmente de los espacios destinados para los obreros, se aborda el caso de una de las fábricas de papel más destacadas en México, la papelera San Rafael y anexas. La papelera San Rafael, establecida en el estado de México hacia fines del siglo XIX, persiguió desde su fundación abarcar el mercado de papel. Para lograr este objetivo, implementó un sistema productivo ambicioso, que necesito de la construcción de amplios departamentos para la producción de papel, y al mismo tiempo de espacios destinados para concentrar y asegurar su mano de obra. Así, en pocos años logró desarrollar un avanzado, para la época, complejo industrial y obrero, otorgándoles a sus trabajadores desde habitaciones para vivir hasta espacios de recreación y ocio.

El espacio geográfico es localizable y se representa por medio de productos cartográficos, siendo estos una herramienta fundamental para la visualización de los fenómenos del lugar. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar las transformaciones espaciales de la Delegación Municipal de General Daniel Cerri, en base al análisis visual de cartografía a escala 1:50.000, para el período comprendido entre 1967 y 2008. La misma se localiza en el oeste de la ciudad de Bahía Blanca ubicada en el suroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. El presente estudio forma parte del proyecto “La digitalización y actualización de la carta topográfica de Bahía Blanca a escala 1: 50.000”. La metodología de este trabajo se basa en la aplicación de técnicas de producción de cartografía digital, relevamiento en el terreno y la consulta a diversas fuentes de información cartográfica como son las fotos aéreas, la carta topográfica, los planos de los sectores y las imágenes satelitales entre otras. La delegación en estudio comprende la localidad de General Cerri y los siguientes barrios: Los Chañares, Villa Bordeu y Don Ramiro. La expansión de la ciudad de Bahía Blanca en las últimas cuatro décadas ha generado nuevos espacios y modificado las áreas ya existentes, en la delegación cabe destacar el crecimiento del barrio Los Chañares que se convierte en un área residencial de baja densidad, el desarrollo de dos franjas comerciales a lo largo de las rutas nacionales Nº 35 y Nº 3 Sur, y el estancamiento del área comprendida por la localidad de General Cerri que sufre deterioros económicos y mantiene la característica de área periférica y hortícola.