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Nanomaterials such as pH-responsive polymers are promising for targeted drug delivery systems, due to the difference in pH between tumor and healthy regions. However, there is a significant concern about the application of these materials in this field due to their low mechanical resistance, which can be mitigated by combining these polymers with mechanically resistant inorganic materials such as mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) and hydroxyapatite (HA). Mesoporous silica has interesting properties such as high surface area and hydroxyapatite has been widely studied to aid in bone regeneration, providing special properties adding multifunctionality to the system. Furthermore, fields of medicine involving luminescent elements such as rare earth are an interesting option in cancer treatment. The present work aims to obtain a pH-sensitive hybrid system based on silica and hydroxyapatite with photoluminescent and magnetic properties. The nanocomposites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nitrogen adsorption methods, CHN elemental analysis, Zeta Potential, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), vibrational sample magnetometry (VSM), and photoluminescence analysis. Incorporation and release studies of the antitumor drug doxorubicin were performed to evaluate the potential use of these systems in targeted drug delivery. The results showed the luminescent and magnetic properties of the materials and showed suitable characteristics for application in the release of pH-sensitive drugs.

A importância da quantificação dos nutrientes acumulados nas plantas se dá para avaliar a real necessidade da planta realizando as recomendações de adubação de maneira adequada. Com o objetivo de avaliar os teores de macro e micronutrientes na cultura do jambu cultivado em ambiente protegido, bem como quantificar sua necessidade em relação aos elementos ao longo do seu ciclo. Os experimentos foram conduzidos em ambiente protegido na área experimental de horticultura da Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, campus Paragominas/PA, no período de fevereiro a março de 2016. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizados. Para obtenção das amostras, inicialmente foi realizada a semeadura, em bandeja de polietileno expandido de 128 células contendo o substrato comercial Turfa fértil, em seguida as bandejas foram levadas para o viveiro, após 24 dias foi realizado o transplante manual das mudas de jambu ao qual foram utilizados 25 vasos de polietileno que foram totalmente preenchidos com substrato obtido de uma mistura de Latossolo Amarelo (50%) e areia preta (50%), ambos foram peneirados e incorporados junto à 50g NPK (10-28-20). O jambu cultivado em ambiente protegido responde como as demais hortaliças em relação a níveis de exigência nutricional em folha demonstrando os teores em ordem decrescente de concentração: K > N > Ca > Mg > P > S, diferentemente da raiz onde foram encontrados na seguinte ordem: K > Mg > N > Ca > P > S. O nutriente encontrado em concentrações expressivamente maiores foi o K, atingindo o pico nos 24 DAT com as concentrações de 90 g/kg. Já os micronutrientes apresentaram-se diferentemente em relação aos níveis de exigência nutricional, apresentando na folha: Fe > Na > B > Mn > Zn > Cu, e na raiz Fe >Na > Mn > B > Zn > Cu. O Fe oscilou os valores dos teores de acúmulo, mas no geral mantém resultados maiores que 600 mg/kg.

Conhecer a utilização do Allium sativum (alho) na atenção primária à saúde por usuários atendidos em uma Unidade de Saúde da Família. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, transversal de abordagem quantitativa. A pesquisa ocorreu na área adscrita da Unidade de Saúde da Família Guaxuma, no período de outubro/2020 a dezembro/2020. Os dados da amostragem foram coletados através de entrevista no domicílio de 61 pessoas. A pesquisa foi submetida ao Comitê de Ética do Centro Universitário Cesmac, constando a aprovação sobre o Certificado de Apresentação para Apreciação Ética (CAAE) com o número 24921119.2.0000.0039. Os resultados revelam que a comunidade faz o uso do alho como medida terapêutica no processo saúde doença na resolução de problemas como, gripe, tosse, hipertensão arterial, imunidade, problemas com colesterol elevado e diabetes mellitus. Destacando-se a forma de uso em chás, in natura, lambedor, alho e água, garrafada e óleo essencial e que ele trouxe benefícios e resolutividade nas afecções. Destaca-se que o presente estudo possibilita a enfermagem adquirir conhecimento acerca dos métodos naturais, auxiliando na prevenção e tratamento de algumas doenças. Propõe ao usuário da atenção primária a saúde, autonomia no cuidado da sua saúde, bem como o fácil acesso ao produto a custo reduzido. Possibilita colaborar para promoção, prevenção e recuperação da saúde através de métodos naturais, resgatando o saber popular sobre as plantas medicinais e Medicina Alternativa e Complementar (MAC) e influenciando profissionais da saúde a incentivar a sua utilização.

Os níveis de substâncias químicas presente em excesso ou escassez podem influenciar no desenvolvimento de culturas hortícolas, além de prejudicar alimentação humana. Diante disso, o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar os níveis de compostos bioativos presentes em cultivares de alface produzidas em Paragominas-PA, e com base nisso determinar quais delas apresentaram desenvolvimento satisfatório para região. O trabalho foi desenvolvido em casa de vegetação localizada na Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia (UFRA), em Paragominas-PA, e as amostras analisadas no laboratório ICA da UFRA, campus Belém. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos casualizados, com 10 tratamentos e 4 repetições. Os tratamentos foram 10 cultivares de alface (Betânia, Giovana, Lirice, Lucy Brown, Luiza, Mônica SF 31, Pira roxa, Regina, Rubinela e Stella-manteiga). Os parâmetros avaliados foram: níveis de clorofila “a” e “b”, antocianina, carotenoide, nitrato, proteína, amônio livre, sacarose, carboidrato e aminoácidos. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância (teste F) e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 1% de probabilidade, utilizando o programa (software) SISVAR. A cultivar Rubinela apresentou efeito significativo para teores de clorofila a e b. As cultivares Luiza e Pira Roxa apresentaram maiores teores de antocianina. As cultivares Luiza, Lirice e Betânia apresentaram maiores teores de carotenoide. Rubinela e Pira Roxa apresentaram efeito significativo nos teores de nitrato acumulado. As cultivares Betânia e Stella-manteiga se destacaram quanto a teores de amônio. A cultivar Lucy Brown apresentou maior teor de sacarose, e as cultivares Mônica e Rubinela maiores teores de aminoácidos. Portanto, as cultivares recomendadas para a região de Paragominas, com base nas condições utilizadas neste experimento, foram as cultivares Luiza, Mônica, Rubinela e Pira Roxa, que apresentaram melhores resultados para a maioria dos parâmetros bioquímicos analisados. Tais cultivares apresentaram níveis satisfatórios para clorofila, carotenoide, antocianina, nitrato, carboidratos, proteínas e aminoácidos. Todas as cultivares analisadas conseguiram se desenvolver nas condições edafoclimáticas de Paragominas-PA, tornando-se viável a produção de alface na região. Atualmente há escassez em estudos com compostos bioativos em cultivares de alface para a região norte, especialmente o Pará, com isso se faz necessário a realização de mais estudos voltados para a área.

In evaluating the quality of seed lots, vigor tests are complementary to the germination test, identifying differences in their degree of deterioration. However, for safflower seeds (Carthamus tinctorius L.) there is little information regarding these tests. Thus, the objective was to adapt the cold test methodology to evaluate the vigor of safflower seeds. For that, twelve lots were initially characterized by moisture content, mass of one thousand seeds, germination and seedling emergence in the field. After characterization the samples were conditioned in transparent plastic boxes on paper moistened with water and kept at 10 °C for the periods of 0, 3, 5 and 7 days. After the conditioning periods the samples were transferred to a germination chamber at 25 oC, with evaluation of normal seedlings on the 3rd day. The obtained data was subjected to variation analysis and when significant, compared by the Scott-Knott method at 5% probability. To verify the efficiency of the methodologies, the principal component analysis was performed. The cold testing at 10 °C for 7 days is recommended for evaluating the physiological quality of safflower seeds.

The form of cultivation of vegetables is essential for increasing productivity, considering a scenario of greater food consumption. Therefore, the study aimed to evaluate the consortium of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) and carrots (Daucus carota L.), with and without mulch in the municipality of Paragominas - PA. The experiment was conducted in the experimental field of the Federal Rural University of the Amazon - UFRA, in the municipality of Paragominas - PA. The experimental design used was completely randomized in a 3x2 factorial scheme with 4 replications. The treatments consisted of three cultivation systems: single lettuce, single carrot and a mix of lettuce and carrot. And two forms of management: with and without mulch. For lettuce, the parameters evaluated were: plant height; number of leaves per plant; total fresh mass (MFT); fresh leaf mass (MFF); fresh diameter mass (MFD); total dry mass (MST); dry leaf mass (MSF); dry diameter mass (MSD); leaf area (AF); productivity and morphophysiological index. For carrots, length, diameter, root weight, macro and micronutrients were evaluated. The efficiency of the consortium was assessed using the efficient land use index. The single system without cover obtained a higher rate of spontaneous plant infestation and stood out in relation to weight and productivity parameters. The lettuce morphophysiological indices had a significant effect on the interaction between cultivation and management. For the carrot, there was a significant effect in relation to the weight and productivity variables. In the evaluation of macronutrients and micronutrients, K and Fe stood out, respectively, with the highest root concentration averages. The index of efficient use of the land demonstrated that the consortium of lettuce with carrots was effective in the use of the cultivated area.

O controle químico não tem apresentado eficiência em determinadas regiões brasileiras, devido ao hábito de lagartas Spodoptera eridania permanecer na região inferior das folhas, dificultando que a molécula química atinja o alvo. Diante disso, o objetivo do trabalho foi verificar a eficiência do produto biológico a base de Bacillus thuringiensis no controle da lagarta Spodoptera eridania. O trabalho foi realizado na fazenda Água Boa localizada no município de Paragominas-PA. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado, com 4 tratamentos e 4 repetições, os tratamentos foram: 1 - Testemunha; 2 - Xentari + Klorpan (biológico); 3 - Dimax + Klorpan; 4 - Prêmio + Brutos. Os parâmetros avaliados foram nível de largatas e controle, desfolha, fitotoxicidade, peso de mil grãos, umidade, custo x benefício e produtividade. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância (ANOVA) e comparados pelo teste de Tukey, a 5% de probabilidade. O Inseticida biológico à base Bacillus thuringiensis, Xentari + Klorpan proporcionou um maior controle de lagartas Spodoptera eridania, melhor produtividade e rendimentoda soja, no município de Paragominas. Destaca-se que esse inseticida biológico proporcionou benefícios tanto para o produtor, no que se refere à produtividade e lucro, como para o meio ambiente.

In assessing the quality of seed lots, the vigor tests are complementary to the germination test and they identify differences in the degree of deterioration of the lots. For safflower, there is little information regarding these tests. In this way, the intention of this study was to adapt the accelerated aging test methodology to assess the physiological potential of safflower seeds (Carthamus tinctorius). For this purpose, 12 seed lots were evaluated for thousand-seed weight, germination, first germination count, seedling emergence test (emergence percentage, emergence speed index, relative emergence frequency and the initial, final and mean times) and accelerated aging. For the accelerated aging test, the traditional and saline methods were used. For this, the samples were conditioned in periods of 0, 8, 16, 24, 32 and 48 hours at 42 °C. Afterwards, they were submitted to the germination test, with evaluation of normal seedlings on the 3rd day. The 12 lots were evaluated within each period, in independent experiments. The data were submitted to analysis of variance and the means were compared using the Scott-Knott clustering method at 5% probability. In the traditional accelerated aging test the periods of 16, 24, 32 and 48 hours were more efficient in differentiating the lots in vigor levels, as they stratified the lots in three classes and the time of 8 hour classified the lots in two levels of vigor. In the accelerated saline aging method the time 32 hours were more efficient since it ranked seed lots at three levels of vigor and the periods of 8, 16 and 24 hour stratified the lots in two levels. In results obtained by the principal component analysis it was verified. The variables traditional accelerated aging for 24 and 32 hours correlated with emergence in the field. Therefore, the traditional accelerated aging test at 42 °C for 24 hours are promising for evaluating the physiological quality of safflower seeds.

Introduction In 2016–18, the Democratic Republic of Sao Tome and Principe suffered a necrotic skin infection epidemic. Methods A surveillance system was established after increased hospitalisations for this infection. Microbiology results were available for samples analysed in December 2016 and March 2017 using whole genome sequencing and metagenomics. Negative binomial regression was used to study the association of weather conditions with monthly case counts in a time-series analysis. Results From October 2016 to October 2018, the epidemic cumulative attack rate was 1.5%. The first peak lasted 5 months, accounting for one-third of total cases. We could not conclusively identify the aetiological agent(s) due to the country's lack of microbiology capacity. Increased relative humidity was associated with increased monthly cases (incidence rate ratio (IRR) 1.05, 95% CI 1.02–1.09), and higher precipitation in the previous month with a higher number of cases in the following month (months with 0–49 mm rainfall compared with months with 50–149 mm and ≥150 mm: IRR 1.44, 95 % CI 1.13–1.78 and 1.50, 95% CI 1.12–1.99, respectively). Discussion This epidemic was favoured by increased relative humidity and precipitation, potentially contributing to community-based transmission of ubiquitous bacterial strains superinfecting skin wounds. Funding World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa, Ministry of Health

Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T11:11:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-01-01 This study evaluates the influence of the raceme position in the plant, the fruit position in the raceme, and the storage period on the chemical composition of castor beans. The experiment was initially performed in field, where planting and monitoring was performed according to crop requirements. After harvesting the first three racemes, the following treatments were evaluated in a completely randomized design with subdivided plots: raceme position in the plant, fruit position in the raceme, and storage. In laboratory, the contents of water, protein, oil, and ash were determined, being submitted to F test and compared by Tukey test when significant. The raceme position in the plant and the fruit position in the raceme do not interfere with the chemical composition of castor beans. During storage, the oil content is viable up to a maximum of eight months. Protein content was maintained high in tertiary racemes until the twelfth month. Universidade Federal de Jataí - UFG Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias - UNESP Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias - UNESP

Safflower ( Carthamus tinctorius ) is an annual, rustic plant that has multiple uses. Seed laboratory analysis showed discrepancies in germination depending on the substrate used in a given lot. Therefore, studies are needed to determine the best substrate and the time required to perform the first and final count of the safflower seed germination test. Five lots were used, which were characterized by moisture degree and thousand seed weight. These lots were evaluated on four substrates (between paper, on paper, paper roll, and between sand). The five lots and four substrates were distributed in a 5x4 factorial scheme in a randomized block design with four replicates of 25 seeds. The influence of the factors was evaluated by daily germination count until stabilization, determining the percentage of normal and abnormal seedlings and dead seeds; germination speed index; initial, mean, and final germination time; synchrony and relative frequency; and the date of the first and final germination count. After obtaining the data, analysis of variance was performed. When there was a significant effect, the means were compared using the Tukey test at 5% and 1% probability. Therefore, it is recommended that the safflower seed germination test be conducted on the substrate between paper, with the first and final count being performed at 3 rd and 8 th days, respectively.