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Contemporary systems for oocyte retrieval and culture of both cattle and human embryos are suboptimal with respect to pregnancy outcomes following transfer. In humans, chromosome abnormalities are the leading cause of early pregnancy loss in assisted reproduction. Consequently, pre-implantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) is widespread and there is considerable interest in its application to identify suitable cattle IVP embryos for transfer. Here we report on the nature and extent of chromosomal abnormalities following transvaginal follicular aspiration (OPU) and IVP in cattle. Nine sexually mature Holstein heifers underwent nine sequential cycles of OPU-IVP (six non-stimulated and three stimulated cycles), generating 459 blastocysts from 783 oocytes. We adopted a SNP-array approach normally employed in genomic evaluations but reanalysed (Turner et al., 2019; Theriogenology125: 249) to detect levels of meiotic aneuploidy. Specifically, we asked whether ovarian stimulation increased the level of aneuploidy in either trophectoderm (TE) or inner-cell mass (ICM) lineages of blastocysts generated from OPU-IVP cycles. The proportion of Day 8 blastocysts of inseminated was greater (P, Highlights • In vitro oocyte maturation rather than ovarian stimulation contributes to aneuploidy. • Trophectoderm biopsies accurately represent the ploidy status of the overall embryo. • SNP-array analyses facilitate simultaneous genomic evaluation and aneuploidy screening. • Incidence of aneuploidy declines in developmentally more advanced embryos. • High degree of variability in the incidence of aneuploidy exists between donors.