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The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1617/s11527-022-01927-7 Many (inter)national standards exist to evaluate the resistance of mortar and concrete to carbonation. When a carbonation coefficient is used for performance comparison of mixtures or service life prediction, the applied boundary conditions during curing, preconditioning and carbonation play a crucial role, specifically when using latent hydraulic or pozzolanic supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs). An extensive interlaboratory test (ILT) with twenty two participating laboratories was set up in the framework of RILEM TC 281-CCC ‘Carbonation of Concrete with SCMs’. The carbonation depths and coefficients determined by following several (inter)national standards for three cement types (CEM I, CEM II/B-V, CEM III/B) both on mortar and concrete scale were statistically compared. The outcomes of this study showed that the carbonation rate based on the carbonation depths after 91 days exposure, compared to 56 days or less exposure duration, best approximates the slope of the linear regression and those 91 days carbonation depths can therefore be considered as a good estimate of the potential resistance to carbonation. All standards evaluated in this study ranked the three cement types in the same order of carbonation resistance. Unfortunately, large variations within and between laboratories complicate to draw clear conclusions regarding the effect of sample pre-conditioning and carbonation exposure conditions on the carbonation performance of the specimens tested. Nevertheless, it was identified that fresh and hardened state properties alone cannot be used to infer carbonation resistance of the mortars or concretes tested. It was also found that sealed curing results in larger carbonation depths compared to water curing. However, when water curing was reduced from 28 to 3 or 7 days, higher carbonation depths compared to sealed curing were observed. This increase is more pronounced for CEM I compared to CEM III mixes. The variation between laboratories is larger than the potential effect of raising the CO2 concentration from 1 to 4%. Finally, concrete, for which the aggregate-to-cement factor was increased by 1.79 in comparison with mortar, had a carbonation coefficient 1.18 times the one of mortar. The authors would like to thank HeidelbergCement AG for the supplied cements and the chemical and physical analysis. H. Vanoutrive has received internal funding from KU Leuven which made this interlaboratory study possible. P. Van den Heede, N. Alderete and Z. Liu are funded by the Research Foundation—Flanders (FWO) (project No. G062720N, 12ZG820N and G0F3619N). The financial support of FWO is gratefully acknowledged. Peer Reviewed This report has been prepared by members of the working groups 1 and 2 within a framework of RILEM TC 281-CCC ‘‘Carbonation of concrete with supplementary cementitious materials’’ and further reviewed and approved by all members of the RILEM TC 281-CCC. TC Membership Chair: Prof. Nele De Belie. Deputy Chair: Prof. Susan Bernal Lopez. Members: Natalia Alderete, Carmen Andrade, Ueli Angst, Tushar Bansal, Ve´ronique Baroghel-Bouny, Muhammed P.a. Basheer, Nele De Belie, Susan Bernal Lopez, Hans D. Beushausen, Leon Black, Aires Camöes, Servando Chincho´n-Paya, Özlem Cizer, Gisela Paola Cordoba, Martin Cyr, Patrick Dangla, Yuvaraj Dhandapani, Katja Dombrowski-Daube, Vilma Ducman, Yogarajah Elakneswaran, Jan Elsen, Juan Manuel Etcheverry, Miren Etxeberria, Ana Maria Fernandez-Jimenez, Lander Frederickx, Isabel Fuencisla Saez del Bosque, Cassandre Le Galliard, Ine`s Garcia Lodeiro, Daniel Geddes, Christoph Gehlen, Mette Geiker, Guoqing Geng, Bahman Ghiassi, Gregor Gluth, Cyrill Grengg, Elke Gruyaert, R. Doug Hooton, Bruno Huet, Andres Idiart, Ivan Ignjatovic, Kei-Ichi Imamoto, Shiju Joseph, Siham Kamali-Bernard, Antonis Kanellopoulos, Xinyuan Ke, Sylvia Kessler, Heejeong Kim, Arto Ko¨lio¨, Juan Li, Ning Li, Tung Chai Ling, Qing-Feng Liu, Zhiyuan Liu, Barabare Lothenbach, Isabel Martins, Jose´-Fernando Martirena-Hernandez, César Medina Martinez, Fabrizio Moro, Shishir Mundra, Marija Nedeljkovic, Kolawole A. Olonade, José Pacheco, Christian Paglia, Angel Paloma, Ravi Patel, Janez Perko, Quoc Tri Phung, John L. Provis, Francisca Puertas, Nuria Rebolledo, Marlene Sakoparnig, Javier Sancez Montero, Francesco Santoro, Sriram Pradeep Saridhe, Karen Scrivener, Marijana Serdar, Zhenguo Shi, Kosmas K. Sideris, Ruben Snellings, Matteo Stefanoni, Charlotte Thiel, Karl-Christian Thienel, Michael D.A. Thomas, Ilda Tole, Luca Valentini, Philip Van den Heede, Hanne Vanoutrive, Yury Andre´s Villagran Zaccardi, Talakokula Visalakshi, Anya Vollpracht, Stefanie Von Greve-Dierfeld, Brant Walkley, Fazhou Wang, Ling Wang, Jinxin Wei, Lia Weiler, Bei Wu, Yan Yao, Guang Ye, Maciej Zaja˛c, Zengfeng Zhao, Semion Zhutovsky. Hanne Vanoutrive and Philip Van den Heede have contributed equally to this work.

Landfilling of mine and industrial waste streams leads to environmental and economic issues. Sustainable management methods through valorization in manufacturing green construction materials are a current research interest. Here, a promising process for recycling mine tailings, such as phosphate sludge, is proposed. A mixture of phosphate sludge, kaolin clay (Al source), and glass waste (Si source) was prepared. Three fluxing agents were tested at 1000 °C (NaOH, Na2CO3, Na2SO4). Na2CO3 was selected as the most cost-effective. The precursors were alkaline activated with NaOH solution (2, 6, and 8 M). At 28 days of curing (20 h room temperature + 6 h 85 °C + room temperature), the best compressive strength (of more than 45 MPa) was obtained with 8 M NaOH. The reaction products, characterized by XRD, FTIR, SEM, and MAS NMR, show that the main reaction products is a gel N–A–S–H/(N,C)–A–S–H together with some unreacted crystalline phases formed during the fusion.

This work deals with the investigation of alkaline binders obtained from binary mixtures of carbonate-rich illitic clay from deposits in southern Italy and two industrial by-products with very different total composition and calcium content, i.e., blast furnace slag and type F fly ash, respectively. To improve the reactivity, the selected clay was ground in a ball miller and heated to 700 °C. The binary mixtures were alkali activated with NaOH solution at 4 M and 8 M, and the activated pastes were cured at room temperature and relative humidity >90% in a climatic chamber. Heat flow, total heat and compressive strength (2, 7 and 28 days) were determined. The hardened pastes were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX). Results show that the main reaction product in all samples is a gel or mixture of C-A-S-H/(N, C)-A-S-H type gel depending on the calcium content in the precursors. The paste, made up of a 1:1 weight proportion of carbonate-rich illitic clay and blast furnace slag, showed the formation of a more compact matrix than that observed in each individually activated component, achieving the considerable mechanical strength value of 45 MPa after 28 days, which suggests a very positive interaction between the two calcium-rich solid precursors. The binary mixture of carbonate-rich illitic clay and F fly ash showed relatively low compressive strength (below 15 MPa), which has been related to the poor reaction potential of fly ash regarding the alkali activation at room temperature. The modification of curing parameters is expected to improve the reaction of carbonate-rich illitic clay/fly ash blend. The clay activation method used in this study has been demonstrated to be suitable for larger scale industrial pre-treatment set-ups.

In the literature, studies on Employee Satisfaction at Work focus mainly on the motivations and attitudes of the individual in relation to the design of the workplace , the environment team and the adequacy of Employee Rank (or vice versa ) . It is conceivable that the factors affecting the Employee Satisfaction at Work will differ depending on the type of organization and the conditions of their current organizational model. The purpose of this study is to identify whether the level of satisfaction of employees of a Federal Public Service Agency , changes according to gender (male or female) , their occupation ( or field office ) or geographical area found in the state of Nuevo León. Statistical Model for Process Management is used in organizations focused on improving Employee Satisfaction at Work factors as knowledge of Enterprise, Training Plan Life and Career, Leadership Services, Salaries, and Performance Evaluation. The main results show that the level of satisfaction of employees working on a federal agency in Nuevo Leon public services has improved , which is equal between men and women and between field and office staff , just change statistically areas where are laboring.

"Polimorfismo de interleukin-1 receptor antagonista (ILRN) 2 (ILRN * 2) se ha asociado con un pobre pronostico en pacientes septicos debido a una elevada produccion de citoquinas antiinflamatorias. En > 70% de los pacientes, morbilidad y mortalidad en leucemia linfoblastica aguda infantil es causado por infecciones. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la asociacion entre este polimorfismo y la frecuencia de choque septico desde el momento del diagnostico hasta la finalizacion del tratamiento. METODOS: Este estudio de cohorte se realizo en 57 ninos consecutivos con leucemia linfoblastica aguda. Al final del seguimiento, los ninos fueron estratificados segun su polimorfismo IL1RN (ILRN * 1/ILRN * 2), evaluando el impacto del genotipo en la severidad de eventos neutropenicos febriles durante el tratamiento. RESULTADOS: En general la supervivencia era del 80% a los 55 meses despues del tratamiento. El numero promedio de eventos neutropenicos febriles en esta cohorte fue de 2.82 por paciente. Distribucion de genotipos fue 50,9% homocigoto IL-1RN * 1, 38.6% heterocigoto ILRN * 1/ILRN * 2 y 10,5% para el homozygote IL-1RN * 2. El riesgo de presentar shock septico para homozigoto IL1RN * 2/IL1RN * 2 y heterocigoto ILRN * 1/ILRN * 2 pacientes fue significativamente mayor (odds-ratio, 45; P = 0,001) ajustado por edad, genero, riesgo de la leucemia y la presencia de bacterias patogenas. Genotipo IL-1RN * 2 se asocia con el riesgo de desarrollo de shock septico en ninos con leucemia linfoblastica aguda. Se necesitan investigaciones adicionales en estudios poblacionales mas grandes para replicar estos resultados. CONCLUSIONES: Esta informacion nos permitiria identificar los factores predictivos mas en este grupo de pacientes de leucemia linfoblastica aguda en quien carece de esta informacion para establecer un enfoque mas agresivo."

Buerger disease or thromboangiitis obliterans (TAO) is a thrombotic occlusive, non-atherosclerotic segmental inflammatory disease that affects the small and medium-sized arteries and veins in the extremities of the limbs, frequently requiring amputation. Cessation of tobacco use is the only known effective treatment, though preliminary results from the use of pharmacological therapy implicated in pathogenesis of TAO have demonstrated noticeable clinical improvement of patients. We report the case of a 35-year-old woman with active TAO, refractory to smoking cessation and conventional therapy, who exhibited a favorable clinical response to treatment with bosentan, an oral dual endothelin receptor antagonist, administered on a compassionate-use basis. Six months after starting bosentan therapy, the pain and trophic lesions in the patient's toes had completely disappeared. Bosentan was well tolerated, without any observed adverse reaction. The findings of this case report suggest that bosentan may be considered a therapeutic option for patients with active disease, despite quitting smoking, or for those who fail in absolute abstention from smoking.

e20005 Background: Patients with advanced or metastatic soft tissue and bone sarcomas whose disease progresses after standard chemotherapy (CT) have few options and limited life expectancy. Trabectedin, an alkaloid derived from the sea squirt Ecteinascidia turbinate, has proven activity against some soft tissue (STS) and bone sarcomas. In pediatric patients there is limited information about its efficacy and toxicity profile. Purpose: To describe the toxicity and efficacy of trabectedin in a group of relapsed/refractory pediatric sarcomas. Methods: From January 2009 to December 2011, four relapsed/refractory pediatric sarcoma patients were treated with trabectedin in the Hospital Infantil de Mexico Federico Gomez. Trabectedin was administered as a 24-hour IV infusion every 21 days. Dose levels were 1.3-1.5 mg/m2. All received dexamethasone premedication. Grade 3-4 toxicity was evaluated according to the NCI criteria. Results: Diagnoses included a metastatic Ewing sarcoma, a triton tumor (TT), a metastatic alveolar soft tissue sarcoma and a phylodes sarcoma. All had previously failed to 2 or 3 CT regimens. In 3 patients radiotherapy had also been used and multiple surgical procedures were performed to treat recurrences, before trabectedin. A total of 13 courses of trabectedin were administered. Nausea/vomiting and fatigue were seen in 61.5% of the courses. Laboratory abnormalities included anemia (30.6%), neutropenia (15.3%), ALT (15.3%), AST (15.3%) and GGT (7.7%) elevations and lipasemia/amilasemia (7.7%). One patient presented significant transaminasemia, pancreatitis (probably steroid-related) and died after the first course due to IDC. The TT case, who had a massive unresectable lesion, exhibited a significant response, although her tumor progressed after 4 cycles and eventually died; none of the other patients responded to trabectedin. Conclusions: Trabectedin was generally well tolerated; however we faced a fatal event that might be not trabectedin related. The response observed in the TT case is an interesting finding considering the poor CT response of this aggressive tumor.