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1. UN PROGETTO NAZIONALE SULL’ITALIANO ISTITUZIONALE SVIZZERO. UN BILANCIO TRA PERCORSI DI RICERCA, RISULTATI SCIENTIFICI E APPLICAZIONI

Author: Angela Ferrari, Letizia Lala, and Filippo Pecorari
Subjects: Language and Literature, Philology. Linguistics, P1-1091
Abstract: L’articolo propone un bilancio provvisorio di un progetto di ricerca in corso dal 2020 all’Università di Basilea, il cui oggetto di analisi è l’italiano istituzionale svizzero. Il progetto vuole descrivere, spiegare e valutare le peculiarità di questa varietà linguistica e le caratteristiche specifiche dei generi testuali in cui essa si realizza. L’obiettivo del bilancio qui proposto è duplice: valutare con occhio critico le scelte fatte nell’ambito del progetto e fare il punto sui risultati raggiunti, con attenzione ai prodotti concreti della ricerca (volumi, articoli, convegni ecc.). Quanto al primo aspetto, si mostra quali sono state le linee di ricerca contenutistiche e metodologiche via via perseguite: si sottolineano da una parte le scelte che si sono rivelate virtuose – come ad esempio la stretta collaborazione con chi opera concretamente nelle Cancellerie svizzere – e dall’altra gli arricchimenti e gli aggiustamenti che il confronto con la realtà della ricerca ha reso necessari – per esempio, per quanto riguarda l’analisi, il passaggio da una concezione statica a una concezione dinamica del corpus o, per quanto riguarda la valutazione, la tematizzazione dell’italiano svizzero quale lingua pluricentrica –. Quanto al secondo aspetto, si mostra come le linee di ricerca del progetto disegnino nel complesso un quadro articolato dell’italiano istituzionale svizzero, che tocca numerosi contesti d’uso (Costituzione svizzera, web e social media, lingua facile, comunicazione legata al Covid) e confronti significativi (con l’italiano istituzionale d’Italia, con le altre lingue ufficiali svizzere, con l’italiano di Svizzera come centro autonomo di elaborazione linguistica). A national project on Swiss institutional Italian. A review of research paths, scientific results and applications The paper implements a provisional report of a research project in progress since 2020 at the University of Basel, whose object of analysis is Swiss institutional Italian. The project aims to describe, explain and evaluate the peculiarities of this language variety and the specific characteristics of the text genres realizing it. The aim of the report is twofold: to critically evaluate the choices made within the project and to take stock of the results achieved, with attention to concrete research outputs (volumes, articles, conferences, etc.). As for the first aspect, the paper describes the content and methodological lines of research that were pursued: on the one hand, the choices that turned out to be virtuous – such as, e.g., the close collaboration with people working in the Swiss Chancelleries – and, on the other hand, the enrichments and adjustments that the confrontation with the reality of research made necessary – e.g., as far as the analysis is concerned, the transition from a static to a dynamic conception of the corpus or, as far as evaluation is concerned, the thematization of Swiss Italian as a pluricentric language – are emphasized. As for the second aspect, the paper shows how the research avenues of the project draw an articulated picture of Swiss institutional Italian, touching on several contexts of use (Swiss Constitution, web and social media, easy-to-read language, Covid-related communication) and significant comparisons (with the institutional Italian of Italy, with the other Swiss official languages, with Swiss Italian as an autonomous center of linguistic elaboration).
Published: 2024
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2. Bendamustine and rituximab as first-line treatment for symptomatic splenic marginal zone lymphoma: long-term outcome and impact of early unmeasurable minimal residual disease attainment from the BRISMA/IELSG36 phase II study

Author: Emilio Iannitto, Simone Ferrero, Côme Bommier, Daniela Drandi, Martina Ferrante, Krimo Bouabdallah, Sylvain Carras, Guido Gini, Vincent Camus, Salvatrice Mancuso, Luigi Marcheselli, Angela Ferrari, Michele Merli, Benoit Tessoulin, Caterina Stelitano, Kheira Beldjord, Giovanni Roti, Fabrice Jardin, Barbara Castagnari, Francesca Palombi, Lucile Baseggio, Alexandra Traverse-Glehen, Claudio Tripodo, Anna Marina Liberati, Margherita Parolini, Sara Usai, Caterina Patti, Massimo Federico, Maurizio Musso, Marco Ladetto, Emanuele Zucca, and Catherine Thieblemont
Subjects: Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs, RC633-647.5
Abstract: Not available.
Published: 2024
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3. Thrombotic and bleeding complications in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia and severe COVID-19: a study of ERIC, the European Research Initiative on CLL

Author: Darko Antic, Natasa Milic, Thomas Chatzikonstantinou, Lydia Scarfò, Vladimir Otasevic, Nina Rajovic, David Allsup, Alejandro Alonso Cabrero, Martin Andres, Monica Baile Gonzales, Antonella Capasso, Rosa Collado, Raul Cordoba, Carolina Cuéllar-García, Juan Gonzalo Correa, Lorenzo De Paoli, Maria Rosaria De Paolis, Giovanni Del Poeta, Maria Dimou, Michael Doubek, Maria Efstathopoulou, Shaimaa El-Ashwah, Alicia Enrico, Blanca Espinet, Lucia Farina, Angela Ferrari, Myriam Foglietta, Alberto Lopez-Garcia, José A. García-Marco, Rocío García-Serra, Massimo Gentile, Eva Gimeno, Maria Gomes da Silva, Odit Gutwein, Yervand K. Hakobyan, Yair Herishanu, José Ángel Hernández-Rivas, Tobias Herold, Gilad Itchaki, Ozren Jaksic, Ann Janssens, Olga B. Kalashnikova, Elżbieta Kalicińska, Arnon P. Kater, Sabina Kersting, Maya Koren-Michowitz, Jorge Labrador, Deepesh Lad, Luca Laurenti, Alberto Fresa, Mark-David Levin, Carlota Mayor Bastida, Lara Malerba, Roberto Marasca, Monia Marchetti, Juan Marquet, Biljana Mihaljevic, Ivana Milosevic, Fatima Mirás, Marta Morawska, Marina Motta, Talha Munir, Roberta Murru, Raquel Nunes, Jacopo Olivieri, Miguel Arturo Pavlovsky, Inga Piskunova, Viola Maria Popov, Francesca Maria Quaglia, Giulia Quaresmini, Gianluigi Reda, Gian Matteo Rigolin, Amit Shrestha, Martin Šimkovič, Svetlana Smirnova, Martin Špaček, Paolo Sportoletti, Oana Stanca, Niki Stavroyianni, Doreen Te Raa, Kristina Tomic, Sanne Tonino, Livio Trentin, Ellen Van Der Spek, Michel van Gelder, Marzia Varettoni, Andrea Visentin, Candida Vitale, Vojin Vukovic, Ewa Wasik-Szczepanek, Tomasz Wróbel, Lucrecia Yáñez San Segundo, Mohamed Yassin, Marta Coscia, Alessandro Rambaldi, Emili Montserrat, Robin Foà, Antonio Cuneo, Marc Carrier, Paolo Ghia, and Kostas Stamatopoulos
Subjects: CLL, COVID-19, Thrombosis, Bleeding, D-dimer, Anticoagulation therapy, Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs, RC633-647.5, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract: Abstract Background Patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) may be more susceptible to COVID-19 related poor outcomes, including thrombosis and death, due to the advanced age, the presence of comorbidities, and the disease and treatment-related immune deficiency. The aim of this study was to assess the risk of thrombosis and bleeding in patients with CLL affected by severe COVID-19. Methods This is a retrospective multicenter study conducted by ERIC, the European Research Initiative on CLL, including patients from 79 centers across 22 countries. Data collection was conducted between April and May 2021. The COVID-19 diagnosis was confirmed by the real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay for SARS-CoV-2 on nasal or pharyngeal swabs. Severe cases of COVID-19 were defined by hospitalization and the need of oxygen or admission into ICU. Development and type of thrombotic events, presence and severity of bleeding complications were reported during treatment for COVID-19. Bleeding events were classified using ISTH definition. STROBE recommendations were used in order to enhance reporting. Results A total of 793 patients from 79 centers were included in the study with 593 being hospitalized (74.8%). Among these, 511 were defined as having severe COVID: 162 were admitted to the ICU while 349 received oxygen supplementation outside the ICU. Most patients (90.5%) were receiving thromboprophylaxis. During COVID-19 treatment, 11.1% developed a thromboembolic event, while 5.0% experienced bleeding. Thrombosis developed in 21.6% of patients who were not receiving thromboprophylaxis, in contrast to 10.6% of patients who were on thromboprophylaxis. Bleeding episodes were more frequent in patients receiving intermediate/therapeutic versus prophylactic doses of low-molecular-weight heparin (LWMH) (8.1% vs. 3.8%, respectively) and in elderly. In multivariate analysis, peak D-dimer level and C-reactive protein to albumin ratio were poor prognostic factors for thrombosis occurrence (OR = 1.022, 95%CI 1.007‒1.038 and OR = 1.025, 95%CI 1.001‒1.051, respectively), while thromboprophylaxis use was protective (OR = 0.199, 95%CI 0.061‒0.645). Age and LMWH intermediate/therapeutic dose administration were prognostic factors in multivariate model for bleeding (OR = 1.062, 95%CI 1.017–1.109 and OR = 2.438, 95%CI 1.023–5.813, respectively). Conclusions Patients with CLL affected by severe COVID-19 are at a high risk of thrombosis if thromboprophylaxis is not used, but also at increased risk of bleeding under the LMWH intermediate/therapeutic dose administration.
Published: 2022
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4. SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Patients With Waldenström’s Macroglobulinemia: A Multicenter International Cohort Study

Author: Irene Defrancesco, Virginia Valeria Ferretti, Pierre Morel, Charalampia Kyriakou, Efstathios Kastritis, Ibrahim Tohidi-Esfahani, Alessandra Tedeschi, Christian Buske, Ramón García-Sanz, Josephine M.I. Vos, Veronica Peri, Gloria Margiotta Casaluci, Angela Ferrari, Francesco Piazza, Rimke Oostvogels, Ester Lovato, Lydia Montes, Luc Matthieu Fornecker, Alexander Grunenberg, Meletios Athanasios Dimopoulos, Constantine S. Tam, Shirley D’Sa, Veronique Leblond, Judith Trotman, Francesco Passamonti, Luca Arcaini, Marzia Varettoni, and on behalf of the European Consortium for Waldenström’s Macroglobulinemia
Subjects: Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs, RC633-647.5
Published: 2023
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5. Perinatal and postnatal exposure to phthalates and early neurodevelopment at 6 months in healthy infants born at term

Author: Laura Lucaccioni, Lucia Palandri, Erica Passini, Viola Trevisani, Filippo Calandra Buonaura, Natascia Bertoncelli, Giovanna Talucci, Angela Ferrari, Eleonora Ferrari, Barbara Predieri, Fabio Facchinetti, Lorenzo Iughetti, and Elena Righi
Subjects: neurodevelopment, phthalates, perinatal exposure, endocrine disruptors, infants, newborns, Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology, RC648-665
Abstract: BackgroundPhthalates are non-persistent chemicals largely used as plasticizers and considered ubiquitous pollutants with endocrine disrupting activity. The exposure during sensible temporal windows as pregnancy and early childhood, may influence physiological neurodevelopment.Aims and ScopeThe aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between the urinary levels of phthalate metabolites in newborn and infants and the global development measured by the Griffiths Scales of Children Development (GSCD) at six months.MethodsLongitudinal cohort study in healthy Italian term newborn and their mothers from birth to the first 6 months of life. Urine samples were collected at respectively 0 (T0), 3 (T3), 6 (T6) months, and around the delivery for mothers. Urine samples were analyzed for a total of 7 major phthalate metabolites of 5 of the most commonly used phthalates. At six months of age a global child development assessment using the third edition of the Griffith Scales of Child Development (GSCD III) was performed in 104 participants.ResultsIn a total of 387 urine samples, the seven metabolites analyzed appeared widespread and were detected in most of the urine samples collected at any time of sampling (66-100%). At six months most of the Developmental Quotients (DQs) falls in average range, except for the subscale B, which presents a DQ median score of 87 (85-95). Adjusted linear regressions between DQs and urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations in mothers at T0 and in infants at T0, T3 and T6 identified several negative associations both for infants’ and mothers especially for DEHP and MBzP. Moreover, once stratified by children’s sex, negative associations were found in boys while positive in girls.ConclusionsPhthalates exposure is widespread, especially for not regulated compounds. Urinary phthalate metabolites were found to be associated to GSCD III scores, showing inverse association with higher phthalate levels related to lower development scores. Our data suggested differences related to the child’s sex.
Published: 2023
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6. Un convegno e un libro

Author: Angela Ferrari
Subjects: Communication. Mass media, P87-96
Published: 2023
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7. IL TESTO COME INTRECCIO DI GERARCHIE

Author: Angela Ferrari
Subjects: Language and Literature, Philology. Linguistics, P1-1091
Abstract: Un testo ben scritto è caratterizzato da una vera e propria architettura, la quale è in sintonia con i suoi obiettivi comunicativi, con la tipologia a cui appartiene, con altri testi con cui dialoga, con il contesto in cui si manifesta, con le conoscenze e le aspettative del lettore. Una delle caratteristiche di fondo di questa architettura è la sua profonda costituzione gerarchica, la quale si applica alle sue unità secondo diversi principi. Così per esempio, c’è una gerarchia che distingue il piano principale del testo da quello degli incisi; c’è una gerarchia che interessa gli enunciati che formano il piano principale del testo, la quale è definita dalla sua progressione tematica e logico-argomentativa; c’è una gerarchia che caratterizza, a un livello più microscopico, il contenuto interno dei singoli enunciati, che viene ad articolarsi in informazioni in primo piano e informazioni sullo sfondo comunicativo. Le diverse gerarchie si disegnano a partire da indicazioni date dalla lingua – lessicali, sintattiche, interpuntive – e da operazioni inferenziali che chiamano in causa vari tipi di conoscenze extralinguistiche. L’obiettivo di questo intervento consiste nel tratteggiare l’intreccio di gerarchie che caratterizza i testi coerenti e coesi, e ciò sulla base di una serie di esemplificazioni tratte da testi autentici. Imparare, e poi insegnare, a riconoscerlo è fondamentale sia nell’ottica di una didattica della lettura sia in quella di una didattica della scrittura. E questo per quanto riguarda tutti i tipi di testi. Si pensi paradigmaticamente al riassunto, che – essendo un testo che elabora un altro testo – combina lettura e scrittura. Nella sua elaborazione, una grossa parte del lavoro consiste infatti proprio nel riconoscere ai diversi livelli le informazioni principali e quelle secondarie: nello sfrondare cum grano salis le seconde e nel riunire, combinare, generalizzare le prime. The text as a intertwine of hierarchies A well written text is characterized by a real architecture, which is in tune with its communicative objectives, its typology, with other texts it dialogues with, with the context where it manifests, with the reader’s knowledge and expectations. One of the basic characteristics of this architecture is its deep hierarchical constitution, which is applied to its units according to different principles. Thus, for example, there is a hierarchy that distinguishes the main level of the text from the asides; there is a hierarchy that affects the utterances that form the main level of the text, defined by its thematic and logical-argumentative progression; at a more microscopic level, there is a hierarchy that characterizes the internal content of the individual utterances, which is articulated into information in the foreground and information in the communicative background. The different hierarchies are drawn from indications given by the language - lexical, syntactic, interpunctual - and from inferential operations that involve various types of extralinguistic knowledge. The aim of this paper is to outline the interweaving of hierarchies that characterizes coherent and cohesive texts on the basis of a series of examples taken from authentic texts. Learning, and then teaching, how to recognize it is fundamental both for the teaching of reading and for the teaching of writing. This applies to all types of texts. Think paradigmatically of the summary, which - being a text that elaborates another text - combines reading and writing. In its elaboration, a large part of the work consists, in fact, in recognizing the main and secondary information at different levels: in pruning the latter cum grano salis and in reuniting, combining and generalizing the former.
Published: 2022

8. Primary anaplastic large T-cell lymphoma of the psoas muscle

Author: Irene Pecorella, Angela Ferrari, Andrea Tornese, Quirino Lai, Gianluca Mennini, and Massimo Rossi
Subjects: anaplastic t-cell lymphoma, alk, psoas muscle., Medicine
Abstract: Lymphomas presenting and mimicking soft-tissue masses are important to recognize, to avoid unnecessary treatment delays or extensive surgery. We describe a case of primary anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) arising from a deep skeletal muscle in a middle-aged male. He presented with a two-month history of swelling of his right thigh and mild fever, which led to a diagnosis of abscess formation. Antibiotics were prescribed for two weeks, with little improvement of symptoms. Subsequently, an exploratory surgery, with excision of the mass, demonstrated a ALCL of the psoas muscle, ALK-1 positive.
Published: 2021
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9. Messaggi da Palazzo Federale. Osservazioni sulle allocuzioni di Capodanno in lingua italiana dei Presidenti della Confederazione Svizzera (2011-2021)

Author: Angela Ferrari
Subjects: Swiss, Italy, Presidential Speeches, Lexicon, Translation, Language and Literature
Abstract: Messages from the Federal Palace. Observations on the New Year's Speeches in Italian of the Presidents of the Swiss Confederation (2011-2021). The article provides thematic, linguistic and textual remarks on the speeches held in Italian by the Presidents of the Swiss Confederation in the last ten years, from 2011 to 2021, on the occasion of New Year’s Day. In the background there are, though not always made explicit, the analysis and observations proposed in Messaggi dal Colle. I discorsi di fine anno dei presidenti della Repubblica, edited by Michele Cortelazzo and Arjuna Tuzzi in 2007. This work consists in two sections. The first one, based on automatic lexemes extraction and lemmatization of the whole corpus, proposes a thematic analysis: the result is a characterization of the semantic peculiarity of the Swiss presidential speeches compared to the ones from Italy, which concerns, among others, the self-representation of the President, the shaped image of the Country, the evoked values – political, social, moral. In many respects, the specificity of the Swiss speeches can be connected to the political and institutional peculiarities of the Country: in Switzerland the President is a member of the government, he/she is elected for one-year term and is part of a collegiate executive, so he/she represents the whole Federal Council. Since the original version of the presidential speeches is in German or in French, the second section of the article focuses on analysing the quality of the Italian translation. For example, a remarkable characteristic is an inconsistent register rise in the translation, aspect which is wrong in itself – a translation should conform to the original linguistic variety –, but which is even less acceptable when the text is addressed to everybody and has an expressive and reasonably colloquial component. This rise can be in part explained by taking into account the cultural tradition of the Italian language, which gives value to the lexical, syntactic and textual complexity of communication.
Published: 2022
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10. Clinical management of a Nigerian patient affected by sickle cell disease with rare blood group and persistent SARS‐CoV‐2 positivity

Author: Micol Quaresima, Virginia Quaresima, Matteo Maria Naldini, Daniela Maria Cirillo, Angela Ferrari, Angela Mazzi, Ester Maria Carla Tesini, Maria Cristina Leone, and Francesco Merli
Subjects: blood groups, infection, sickle cell disease, Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs, RC633-647.5
Published: 2020
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11. Per una valutazione delle 'patologie testuali' dell'italiano amministrativo svizzero

Author: Angela Ferrari
Subjects: Italiano amministrativo svizzero, Communication. Mass media, P87-96
Abstract: L’articolo si inserisce nel quadro di una ricerca collettiva vòlta a valutare la qualità dell’italiano istituzionale elvetico. Si affrontano qui i comunicati stampa del Cantone Ticino e della Confederazione nell’era COVID. Dopo aver osservato che le “patologie” riscontrate vanno ricondotte a questioni grammaticali, varietistiche o testuali, ci si concentra su queste ultime. Se ne propone una sistemazione ampiamente esemplificata, affrontando problematiche relative alla segmentazione del testo nelle sue unità costitutive, alla loro gerarchizzazione e alla loro connessione entro i due piani principali della strutturazione testuale, quello logico-argomentativo e tematico-referenziale. The paper is part of a collective research aimed at assessing the quality of Swiss institutional Italian. It deals with the press releases of the Canton of Ticino and the Swiss Confederation in the COVID era. After noting that the “pathologies” encountered can be traced back to grammatical, varietal, or textual issues, the focus is set on the latter. A broadly exemplified account is proposed, addressing issues relating to the segmentation of the text into its constituent units, to their hierarchy and to their connection within the two main levels of text structure, i.e. the logical-argumentative level and the thematic-referential level.
Published: 2021
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12. L’ARCHITETTURA DEL TESTO SCOLASTICO DI MATEMATICA PER LA SCUOLA PRIMARIA E SECONDARIA DI PRIMO GRADO

Author: Silvia Demartini, Silvia Sbaragli, and Angela Ferrari
Subjects: Language and Literature, Philology. Linguistics, P1-1091
Abstract: L’obiettivo di questo articolo è quello di indagare la dimensione linguistico-comunicativa della matematica in un genere testuale fondamentale in didattica: il libro di testo. Nello specifico, verranno osservate parti selezionate di un corpus di testi scolastici di matematica per la scuola primaria e secondaria di primo grado al fine di descriverne e analizzarne le caratteristiche strutturali e compositive. Più in particolare, lo scopo è quello di proporre un modello di articolazione dei libri scolastici di matematica, che prenda le mosse dai più recenti studi di linguistica testuale, individuandone le unità compositive basilari e caratterizzanti: ciò risulta fondamentale per poter valutare l’adeguatezza dei testi stessi per i loro destinatari, e per avviare ulteriori indagini su aspetti matematici e linguistici mirati. Quest’analisi si inserisce nell’ambito del progetto Italmatica. Comprendere la matematica a scuola tra lingua comune e linguaggio specialistico (sostenuto dal Fondo Nazionale Svizzero per la Ricerca Scientifica), che non ha solo un fine descrittivo, ma si prefigge anche di indagare se e come determinate scelte linguistico-testuali possono avere effetti sulla comprensione e sull’acquisizione del sapere matematico da parte di allieve e allievi. The architecture of the school textbook of mathematics for primary and secondary schools The aim of this article is to investigate the linguistic-communicative dimension of mathematics in a text genre crucial in didactics: the textbook. Specifically, we will observe selected parts of mathematics textbooks for primary and secondary school (junior high school), collected in a corpus, in order to describe their structural and compositional characteristics. More specifically, the aim is to propose a model for the articulation of mathematical textbooks, starting from the most recent studies of textual linguistics, identifying their fundamental and characterizing compositional units. This study is necessary in order to assess the suitability of texts for their target audience, as a starting point for further investigations on selected mathematical and linguistic aspects and features. This analysis is part of the Italmatica. Comprendere la matematica a scuola tra lingua comune e linguaggio specialistico (supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation), whose goal is not only descriptive, but also to investigate whether and how certain linguistic and textual choices impact on student understanding and the acquisition of mathematical knowledge.
Published: 2021
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13. Premessa

Author: Angela Ferrari, Letizia Lala, and Filippo Pecorari
Subjects: Communication. Mass media, P87-96
Abstract: Presentazione del Convegno internazionale "Accordi e disaccordi in rete"
Published: 2020
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14. Il disaccordo nelle pagine Facebook dei politici della Svizzera italiana

Author: Angela Ferrari and Filippo Pecorari
Subjects: disaccordo, Facebook, linguistica italiana, social media, Communication. Mass media, P87-96
Abstract: L’articolo propone un’analisi conversazionale, testuale, argomentativa e linguistica dell’espressione del disaccordo nelle pagine Facebook di quattro politici della Svizzera italiana. L’analisi si divide in due parti, in funzione del destinatario a cui è rivolto il disaccordo: la prima è dedicata allo studio dei modi in cui i cittadini lo esprimono direttamente nei confronti del politico; la seconda affronta lo scontro tra i cittadini stessi. L’analisi è condotta tenendo sullo sfondo un’articolata tipologia del disaccordo, elaborata a partire da studi di analisi conversazionale e socio-pragmatica come Pomerantz (1984), Muntigl/Turnbull (1998), Langlotz/Locher (2012): essa distingue anzitutto il disaccordo rivolto verso la persona da quello rivolto verso il contenuto del messaggio; la seconda classe comprende a sua volta il disaccordo forte, espresso in maniera diretta, e il disaccordo debole, variamente modalizzato; il disaccordo forte può infine essere argomentato o non argomentato. The paper presents a conversational, textual, argumentative, and linguistic analysis of the expression of disagreement on the Facebook pages of four Swiss-Italian politicians. The analysis is divided into two parts, according to the target against which disagreement is directed. The first part focuses on the ways in which citizens express disagreement towards the politician, while the second part deals with the clash between citizens themselves. The analysis considers an articulated typology of disagreement, developed on the basis of conversational and socio-pragmatic studies such as Pomerantz (1984), Muntigl/Turnbull (1998), Langlotz/Locher (2012). The typology distinguishes, first of all, between a disagreement that is directed towards the individual and one that is directed towards the content of the message; the latter class includes strong disagreement, that is directly contrastive, and weak disagreement, that is mitigated in several ways; finally, strong disagreement can be argumentative or non-argumentative.
Published: 2020
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15. Il fondamento comunicativo della punteggiatura italiana contemporanea: il caso della virgola e del punto e virgola

Author: Angela Ferrari
Subjects: virgola, punto e virgola, funzione comunicativa, funzione morfosintattica, testo, Ethnology. Social and cultural anthropology, GN301-674, Communication. Mass media, P87-96
Abstract: Nelle grammatiche, alla punteggiatura italiana contemporanea di registro medio-alto viene caratteristicamente attribuito un fondamento sintattico e/o prosodico. L’obiettivo di questo intervento consiste nel mostrare che né l’uno né l’altro punto di vista sono adeguati. La funzione della punteggiatura italiana è oggi comunicativa: consiste nel contribuire a definire il contenuto semantico-pragmatico del testo e la sua architettura (le sue diverse unità e le loro connessioni). Questa ipotesi sarà illustrata dapprima ragionando sulla virgola – di cui mi sono già occupata in altre sedi – e poi – con osservazioni del tutto nuove – sul punto e virgola. Riguardo a quest’ultimo, mostrerò come esso sia utilizzato da una parte per articolare l’Enunciato in una sequenza di Unità Informative nucleari collocate sullo stesso piano gerarchico; e dall’altra per accorpare Enunciati semanticamente correlativi o per aggiungere al cotesto un Enunciato con portata logico-tematica locale.
Published: 2017
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16. Tra punteggiatura e testualità. Virgola, punto e punto e virgola nella scrittura mediata dal computer

Author: Angela Ferrari
Subjects: Communication. Mass media, P87-96
Abstract: Sullo sfondo della distinzione tra punteggiatura segmentante e interattiva, l’articolo si concentra sulla prima, interrogandola sia dal punto di vista della sua forma che da quello della sua semantica. Le conclusioni dell’analisi sono degne di nota. Si potrà osservare in particolare che, se è vero che in generale la lingua della Computer Mediated Communication (CMC) assomiglia molto a quella neostandard, ciò non vale per la punteggiatura, la quale presenta forti peculiarità sia quantitative che qualitative. Oltre a essere interessante in sé, questo dato è sintomatico della vera specificità della CMC, vale a dire la testualità. I turni degli scriventi sono infatti tipicamente caratterizzati da una testualità povera e poco disegnata: o, come nella chat e in certi commenti, coincidono con un solo Enunciato oppure, quando sono più ampi, proiettano architetture testuali internamente indistinte (non segmentate) e piatte (non gerarchizzate). Per quanto riguarda questo aspetto non siamo solo lontani dalla scrittura neostandard, lo siamo anche dal parlato, che con la sua raffinata prosodia segmenta e gerarchizza il contenuto testuale in modo netto. La CMC si caratterizza dunque per una gestione linguistica della testualità che è estranea sia allo scritto neostandard che al parlato, di modo che, da questo punto di vista e paradossalmente, scritto e parlato si assomigliano molto di più tra di loro di quanto siano simili alla lingua della CMC. ù Keeping the distinction between segmenting and interactive punctuation as a background, this paper focuses on the former, questioning both its form and its semantics. The conclusions of the analysis are noteworthy. In particular it can be observed that though in general the language of Computer Mediated Communication (CMC) is very similar to neo-standard one, the same can not be said for punctuation, which presents both qualitative and quantitative peculiarities. This fact, other than being interesting on its own, it’s the symptom of the very specificity of CMC, i.e. its textuality. Writers’ turns are in fact typically characterised by poor textuality and little design. Or, as it happens in the chat and in some comments, they coincide with only one Enunciation or, when more extended, they project textual architectures internally indistinct (not segmental) and flat (not hierarchical). With regards to this, we are not only far from neo-standard writing, but also from the oral language, which with its refined prosody divides into segments and prioritizes the textual content. The CMC therefore characterises itself by the linguistical management of textuality, foreign both to neo-standard and oral language, so that, from this point of view and paradoxically, written and oral language are way more similar to each other than they are to CMC language.
Published: 2017
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17. Nella rete della punteggiatura

Author: Angela Ferrari
Subjects: Communication. Mass media, P87-96
Published: 2017
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18. Second-line rituximab, lenalidomide, and bendamustine in mantle cell lymphoma: a phase II clinical trial of the Fondazione Italiana Linfomi

Author: Francesco Zaja, Simone Ferrero, Caterina Stelitano, Angela Ferrari, Flavia Salvi, Annalisa Arcari, Gerardo Musuraca, Barbara Botto, Michele Spina, Claudia Cellini, Caterina Patti, Anna M. Liberati, Claudia Minotto, Stefano A. Pileri, Manuela Ceccarelli, Stefano Volpetti, Antonella Ferranti, Daniela Drandi, Elisa Montechiarello, Marco Ladetto, James Carmichael, and Renato Fanin
Subjects: Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs, RC633-647.5
Published: 2017
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19. Safety and efficacy of lenalidomide in combination with rituximab in recurrent indolent non-follicular lymphoma: final results of a phase II study conducted by the Fondazione Italiana Linfomi

Author: Stefano Sacchi, Raffaella Marcheselli, Alessia Bari, Gabriele Buda, Anna Lia Molinari, Luca Baldini, Daniele Vallisa, Marina Cesaretti, Pellegrino Musto, Sonia Ronconi, Giorgina Specchia, Franco Silvestris, Luciano Guardigni, Angela Ferrari, Annalisa Chiapella, Angelo Michele Carella, Armando Santoro, Francesco Di Raimondo, Luigi Marcheselli, and Samantha Pozzi
Subjects: Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs, RC633-647.5
Published: 2016
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20. Positron emission tomography response and minimal residual disease impact on progression-free survival in patients with follicular lymphoma. A subset analysis from the FOLL05 trial of the Fondazione Italiana Linfomi

Author: Stefano Luminari, Sara Galimberti, Annibale Versari, Irene Biasoli, Antonella Anastasia, Chiara Rusconi, Angela Ferrari, Mario Petrini, Martina Manni, and Massimo Federico
Subjects: Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs, RC633-647.5
Published: 2016
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21. Virgole tedesche e virgole italiane a confronto, tra teoria e descrizione

Author: Angela Ferrari and Roska Stojmenova
Subjects: Comma, Italian, German, Contrastive Analysis, Syntax, Informational Structure, Language and Literature
Abstract: It is a general assumption that in Italian the use of punctuation allows for greater freedom than in German. The purpose of our contribution is to demonstrate that the differences between the two languages are not so much dependent on freedom as on a difference in the principles of the use of punctuation: the use is informative and textual in Italian, strictly syntactic in German. This is a profound difference, which the recent reforms in German punctuation have only affected in part.
Published: 2015
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22. Aperture al gerundio: valori modali e configurazioni informative

Author: Angela Ferrari
Subjects: Anteposizione del gerundio modale, Frase presentativa, Analisi sintattica, Analisi logicosemantica, Analisi informativa, Philology. Linguistics, P1-1091, French literature - Italian literature - Spanish literature - Portuguese literature, PQ1-3999
Abstract: Si dice che il gerundio modale non possa mai essere anteposto alla reggente (per es. – da leggere con intonazione piana – *zoppicando, camminava) e che ciò abbia una spiegazione sintattica unita a una spiegazione logico-semantica. La realtà della comunicazione linguistica mostra che tale restrizione è meno sistematica di quanto si creda. A partire da questo dato, mostreremo anzitutto che gli strumenti dell’analisi informativa dell’enunciato sono in grado sia di spiegare le restrizioni d’impiego osservabili – assorbendo il dato sintattico-semantico – sia di spiegare perché in certi casi la soluzione sintatticamente marcata sia in effetti quella preferibile. In un secondo momento mostreremo che il paradigma informativo è in grado di trattare restrizioni e potenzialità d’impiego di un costrutto gerundiale in sé ancora più marcato, quello che al gerundio modale anteposto fa seguire una reggente presentativa (per es. – da leggere con intonazione piana – *zoppicando, camminava Giovanni). Tale costruzione alle restrizioni sintattico-semantiche che pesano sull’anteposizione del gerundio aggiunge infatti la difficoltà generale della coreferenza di un soggetto sottinteso con un soggetto in Focus.
Published: 2006

23. Le relative appositive nella costruzione del testo

Author: Angela Ferrari
Subjects: relative clause, appositive relative, relative juxtaposed with, information unit, text organization, Philology. Linguistics, P1-1091, French literature - Italian literature - Spanish literature - Portuguese literature, PQ1-3999
Abstract: In this paper, written in the framework of Text Linguistics, the Author examines independent appositive relations. Specifically, she defines their contribution to the construction of the architecture of discourse through a comparison with other denotatively similar linguistic structures. In addition, by employing an analysis of the morphosyntactic, intonational and punctuation levels, the Author identifies the criterion that differenciates restrictive relatives from appositive relatives. Appositive relatives form an independent minimal text unit that can work either at the informative or at the utterance level. Through this comparison with other linguistic structures, the Author then determines the specific contribution of appositive relative clauses to the construction of text in its thematic, logico-argumentative and illocutive- interactive dimensions. In doing so, she is particularly attentive to the different interpretations that arise from variations in distribution and punctuation.
Published: 2006

24. Development of hypogammaglobulinemia in patients treated with imatinib for chronic myeloid leukemia or gastrointestinal stromal tumor

Author: Rita Santachiara, Rossana Maffei, Silvia Martinelli, Annalisa Arcari, Federico Piacentini, Elena Trabacchi, Pierluigi Alfieri, Angela Ferrari, Giovanna Leonardi, Gabriele Luppi, Giuseppe Longo, Daniele Vallisa, Roberto Marasca, and Giuseppe Torelli
Subjects: Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs, RC633-647.5
Abstract: Imatinib mesylate is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor used as first line treatment in chronic myeloid leukemia and gastrointestinal stromal tumorpatients. Although several in vitro and animal studies demonstrated that imatinib affects immune response, few immune alterations are described in humans. We retrospectively studied hematologic and immunological parameters in 72 chronic myeloid leukemia and 15 gastrointestinal stromal tumor patients treated with imatinib at standard dosage and in 20 chronic myeloid leukemia patients treated before the introduction of imatinib in clinical practice. Both chronic myeloid leukemia and gastrointestinal stromal tumor patients developed a significant reduction of gammaglobulin and immunoglobulin serum levels. No significant hypogammaglobulinemia was observed in chronic myeloid leukemia patients in the pre-imatinib era. These data demonstrate that imatinib treatment induces hypogammaglobulinemia that can reach a severe entity in 10% of cases, both in chronic myeloid leukemia and in gastrointestinal stromal tumor patients. Prospective studies are needed to evaluate immune humoral alterations and to define the real incidence of infectious events, including viral reactivations.
Published: 2008
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25. The Austrian AVG

Author: Zumbini, Angela Ferrari, primary
Published: 2023
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26. The Austrian Legacy

Author: Cananea, Giacinto Della, primary, Zumbini, Angela Ferrari, additional, and Pfersmann, Otto, additional
Published: 2023
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27. Standards of Judicial Review of Administrative Action (1890–1910) in the Austro-Hungarian Empire

Author: Zumbini, Angela Ferrari, primary
Published: 2021
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28. Austria, Germany, and Switzerland

Author: Zumbini, Angela Ferrari, primary and Pfersmann, Otto, additional
Published: 2020
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29. Differences in Clinical Course and Management of Sars-CoV2 Infection in Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia between the Sequential Pandemic Phases: An Eric Study

Author: Andrea Visentin, Lydia Scarfò, Thomas Chatzikonstantinou, Anargyros Kapetanakis, Christos Demosthenous, Georgios Karakatsoulis, Martin Andres, Darko Antic, David Allsup, Mónica Baile, Dominique Bron, Antonella Capasso, Mark Catherwood, Rosa Collado, Raul Cordoba, Carolina Cuéllar-García, Julio Delgado, Maria Dimou, Michael Doubek, Lorenzo De Paoli, Maria Rosaria De Paolis, Giovanni Del Poeta, Maria Efstathopoulou, El-Ashwah Shimaa, Alicia Enrico, Lucia Farina, Angela Ferrari, Myriam Foglietta, Moritz Furstenau, Jose A. Garcia-Marco, Massimo Gentile, Eva Gimeno, Gomes da Silva Maria, Odit Gutwein, Yervand Hakobyan, Yair Herishanu, jose Angel Hernandez, Tobias Herold, Sunil Iyengar, Gilad Itchaki, Ozren Jaksic, Ann Janssens, Olga Kalashnikova, Elzbieta Kalicinska, Arnon P. Kater, Sabina Kersting, Jorge Labrador, Deepesh Lad, Luca Laurenti, Mark-David Levin, Enrico Lista, Lara Malerba, Roberto Marasca, Monia Marchetti, Juan Marquet Palomanes, Mattias Mattsson, Francesca Romana Mauro, Carlota Mayor-Bastida, Marta Morawska, Marina Motta, Talha Munir, Roberta Murru, Ivana Milosevic, Fatima Miras Calvo, Carsten Utoft Niemann, Jacopo Olivieri, Lorella Orsucci, Maria Papaioannou, Miguel Arturo Pavlovsky, Inga S. Piskunova, Barbara Pocali, Viola Maria Popov, Francesca Maria Quaglia, Giulia Quaresmini, Doreen te Raa, Gianluigi Reda, Gian Matteo Rigolin, Rosa Ruchlemer, Amit Shrestha, Martin Šimkovič, Martin Špaček, Paolo Sportoletti, Oana Stanca Ciocan, Tamar Tadmor, Elisabeth Vandenberghe, Marzia Varettoni, Candida Vitale, Ellen Van Der Spek, Michel Van Gelder, Ewa Wasik-Szczepanek, Lucrecia Yáñez, Mohamed A Yassin, Marta Coscia, Barbara Eichhorst, Alessandro Rambaldi, Niki Stavroyianni, Livio Trentin, Kostas Stamatopoulos, and Paolo Ghia
Subjects: Immunology, Cell Biology, Hematology, Biochemistry
Published: 2022
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30. How Age, Comorbidities and Concomitant Medications Influence Ibrutinib Management and Survival in Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia

Author: Annamaria Frustaci, Francesco Piazza, Simone Ferrero, Gianluigi Reda, Rita Rizzi, Lorella Orsucci, Isacco Ferrarini, Marina Deodato, Luca Laurenti, Benedetta Puccini, Claudia Baratè, Marzia Varettoni, Michele Merli, Emanuele Cencini, Antonino Greco, Guido Gini, Angela Ferrari, Chiara Borella, Enrico Lista, Massimo Gentile, Roberta Murru, Marina Motta, Francesca Rezzonico, Monica Tani, Paolo Sportoletti, Giulia Zamprogna, Valter Torri, Roberto Cairoli, and Alessandra Tedeschi
Subjects: Immunology, Cell Biology, Hematology, Biochemistry
Published: 2022
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31. Prognostic Role of Revised International Prognostic Score for Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia (rIPSSWM) in Newly Diagnosed Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia/Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma: A Report from the NF10 International, Prospective, Observational Study of the Fondazione Italiana Linfomi

Author: Angela Ferrari, Sara Rattotti, Simone Ferrero, Michele Merli, Francesco Merli, Sara Veronica Usai, Marina Deodato, Alessandro Pulsoni, Emanuele Cencini, Francesca Re, Maria Chiara Tisi, Marcia Torresan Delamain, Michele Spina, Ombretta Annibali, Angela Rago, Carola Boccomini, Andrés J M Ferreri, Maria Elena Nizzoli, Luca Arcaini, Stefano Luminari, and Marzia Varettoni
Subjects: Immunology, Cell Biology, Hematology, Biochemistry
Published: 2022
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32. Texture analysis and multiple-instance learning for the classification of malignant lymphomas.

Author: Marco Lippi 0001, Stefania Gianotti, Angelo Fama, Massimiliano Casali, Elisa Barbolini, Angela Ferrari, Federica Fioroni, Mauro Iori, Stefano Luminari, Massimo Menga, Francesco Merli, Valeria Trojani, Annibale Versari, Magda Zanelli, and Marco Bertolini
Published: 2020
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33. The Austrian Legacy

Author: Giacinto Della Cananea, Angela Ferrari Zumbini, and Otto Pfersmann
Abstract: The concluding chapter discusses both the originality and significance of the research findings. First, the enquiry focuses on three aspects which have not been valued highly enough by previous studies concerning the spread of administrative procedure legislation after the Austrian codification of 1925, namely the variety of factors that determined the Austrian turning point, the rapid diffusion of the new ideas and institutions, and their durability, despite regime change after 1945. Second, and more importantly from the perspective of the ‘common core’, the chapter discusses the role of administrative procedure within legal systems which adopted administrative procedure legislation. It shows that between them, the area of agreement was even broader and more significant than was commonly believed. It also discusses the relevance of negative findings concerning the legal systems that did not opt for one type of administrative procedure legislation or another. Lastly, it argues that if the development of administrative law in Europe owes much to France for its shaping of judicial review through special courts, its consolidation owes much to Austria due to its inclination towards the codification of administrative procedure.
Published: 2023
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34. La semplicità sintattica in prospettiva testuale. Riflessioni a partire dalla Guida alla redazione degli atti amministrativi

Author: Angela Ferrari
Published: 2021
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35. Primary anaplastic large T-cell lymphoma of the psoas muscle

Author: Andrea Tornese, Angela Ferrari, Irene Pecorella, Gianluca Mennini, Massimo Rossi, and Quirino Lai
Subjects: Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.drug_class, Antibiotics, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, alk, hemic and lymphatic diseases, medicine, T-cell lymphoma, Abscess, Anaplastic large-cell lymphoma, Right Thigh, psoas muscle, business.industry, anaplastic T-cell lymphoma, ALK, Skeletal muscle, anaplastic t-cell lymphoma, General Medicine, medicine.disease, medicine.anatomical_structure, Medicine, Mild fever, business, Exploratory surgery
Abstract: Lymphomas presenting and mimicking soft-tissue masses are important to recognize, to avoid unnecessary treatment delays or extensive surgery. We describe a case of primary anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) arising from a deep skeletal muscle in a middle-aged male. He presented with a two-month history of swelling of his right thigh and mild fever, which led to a diagnosis of abscess formation. Antibiotics were prescribed for two weeks, with little improvement of symptoms. Subsequently, an exploratory surgery, with excision of the mass, demonstrated a ALCL of the psoas muscle, ALK-1 positive.
Published: 2021
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36. Thrombotic and bleeding complications in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia and COVID-19: A study of ERIC, the European Research Initiative on CLL

Author: Darko Antic, Natasa Milic, Thomas Chatzikonstantinou, Lydia Scarfò, Vladimir Otasevic, Nina Rajovic, David Allsup, Alejandro Alonso Cabrero, Martin Andres, Monica Baile Gonzales, Antonella Capasso, Rosa Collado, Raul Cordoba, Carolina Cuéllar-García, Juan Gonzalo Correa, Lorenzo De Paoli, Maria Rosaria De Paolis, Giovanni Del Poeta, Maria Dimou, Michael Doubek, Maria Efstathopoulou, Shaimaa El-Ashwah, Alicia Enrico, Blanca Espinet, Lucia Farina, Angela Ferrari, Myriam Foglietta, Alberto Lopez-Garcia, José A. García-Marco, Rocío García-Serra, Massimo Gentile, Eva Gimeno, Maria Gomes Silva, Odit Gutwein, Yervand K. Hakobyan, Yair Herishanu, José Ángel Hernández-Rivas, Tobias Herold, Gilad Itchaki, Ozren Jaksic, Ann Janssens, Оlga B. Kalashnikova, Elżbieta Kalicińska, Arnon P. Kater, Sabina Kersting, Maya Koren-Michowitz, Jorge Labrador Gomez, Deepesh Lad, Luca Laurenti, Alberto Fresa, Mark-David Levin, Carlota Mayor Bastida, Lara Malerba, Roberto Marasca, Monia Marchetti, Juan Marquet, Biljana Mihaljevic, Ivana Milosevic, Fatima Mirás, Marta Morawska, Marina Motta, Talha Munir, Roberta Murru, Raquel Nunes, Jacopo Olivieri, Miguel Arturo Pavlovsky, Inga Piskunova, Viola Maria Popov, Francesca Maria Quaglia, Giulia Quaresmini, Gianluigi Reda, Gian Matteo Rigolin, Amit Shrestha, Martin Šimkovič, Svetlana Smirnova, Martin Špaček, Paolo Sportoletti, Oana Stanca, Niki Stavroyianni, Doreen Te Raa, Kristina Tomic, Sanne Tonino, Livio Trentin, Ellen Der Spek, Michel Gelder, Marzia Varettoni, Andrea Visentin, Candida Vitale, Vojin Vukovic, Ewa Wasik-Szczepanek, Tomasz Wróbel, Lucrecia Yáñez San Segundo, Mohamed Yassin, Marta Coscia, Alessandro Rambaldi, Emili Montserrat, Robin Foà, Antonio Cuneo, Marc Carrier, Paolo Ghia, and Kostas Stamatopoulos
Abstract: Background: Patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) may be more susceptible to COVID-19 related poor outcomes, including thrombosis and death, due to the advanced age, the presence of comorbidities, and the disease and treatment-related immune deficiency. In this retrospective multicenter study, conducted by ERIC, the European Research Initiative on CLL, we assessed the risk of thrombosis and bleeding in patients with CLL affected by severe COVID-19.Methods: The study included patients from 79 centers across 22 countries. Data collection was conducted between April and May 2021.Results: A total of 793 patients from 79 centers were included in the study with 593 being hospitalized (74.8%). Among these, 518 were defined as having severe COVID: 162 were admitted to the ICU while 356 received oxygen supplementation outside the ICU. Most patients (90%) were receiving thromboprophylaxis. During COVID-19 treatment, 8.8% developed a thromboembolic event, while 4.8% experienced bleeding. Thrombosis developed in 20.5% of patients who were not receiving thromboprophylaxis, but only in 8.1% of patients who were on thromboprophylaxis. Bleeding episodes were more frequent in patients receiving intermediate/therapeutic versus prophylactic doses of low-molecular-weight heparin (LWMH) (11.1% vs. 4.2%, respectively) and in elderly. In multivariate analysis, peak D-dimer level was a poor prognostic factor for thrombosis occurrence (OR=1.020, 95%CI 1.006‒1.033), while thromboprophylaxis use was protective (OR=0.194, 95%CI 0.061‒0.614). Age and LMWH intermediate/therapeutic dose administration were prognostic factors in multivariate model for bleeding (OR=1.055, 95%CI 1.013-1.103 and OR=2.490, 95%CI 1.044-5.935, respectively). Conclusions: Patients with CLL affected by severe COVID-19 are at a high risk of thrombosis if thromboprophylaxis is not used, but also at increased risk of bleeding under the LMWH intermediate/therapeutic dose administration.
Published: 2022
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37. Worldwide Examination of Patients with CLL Hospitalized for COVID-19

Author: Lindsey E Roeker, Lydia Scarfo, Thomas Chatzikonstantinou, Pau Abrisqueta, Toby A. Eyre, Raul Cordoba, Ana Muntañola Prat, Guillermo Villacampa, Lori A. Leslie, Michael Koropsak, Giulia Quaresmini, John N. Allan, Richard R. Furman, Erica B Bhavsar, John M. Pagel, Jose Angel Hernandez-Rivas, Krish Patel, Marina Motta, Neil Bailey, Fatima Miras, Nicole Lamanna, Rosalia Alonso, Santiago Osorio-Prendes, Candida Vitale, Manali Kamdar, Patricia Baltasar, Anders Österborg, Lotta Hanson, Mónica Baile, Ines Rodríguez-Hernández, Susana Valenciano, Viola Maria Popov, Abelardo Barez Garcia, Ana Alfayate, Ana C Oliveira, Barbara Eichhorst, Francesca M. Quaglia, Gianluigi Reda, Javier Lopez Jimenez, Marzia Varettoni, Monia Marchetti, Pilar Romero, Rosalía Riaza Grau, Talha Munir, Amaya Zabalza, Ann Janssens, Carsten U Niemann, Guilherme Fleury Perini, Julio Delgado, Lucrecia Yanez San Segundo, Ma Isabel Gómez Roncero, Matthew Wilson, Piers Patten, Roberto Marasca, Sunil Iyengar, Amanda Seddon, Ana Torres, Angela Ferrari, Carolina Cuéllar-García, Daniel Wojenski, Dima El-Sharkawi, Gilad Itchaki, Helen Parry, Juan José Mateos-Mazón, Nicolas Martinez-Calle, Shuo Ma, Daniel Naya, Ellen Van Der Spek, Erlene K. Seymour, Eva Gimeno Vázquez, Gian Matteo Rigolin, Francesca Romana Mauro, Harriet S Walter, Jorge Labrador, Lorenzo De Paoli, Luca Laurenti, Elena Ruiz, Mark-David Levin, Martin Šimkovič, Martin Špaček, Rafa Andreu, Renata Walewska, Sonia Perez-Gonzalez, Suchitra Sundaram, Adrian Wiestner, Amalia Cuesta, Angus Broom, Arnon P. Kater, Begoña Muiña, César A Velasquez, Chaitra S. Ujjani, Cristina Seri, Darko Antic, Dominique Bron, Elisabeth Vandenberghe, Elise A. Chong, Enrico Lista, Fiz Campoy García, Giovanni Del Poeta, Inhye Ahn, Jeffrey J. Pu, Jennifer R Brown, Juan Alfonso Soler Campos, Lara Malerba, Livio Trentin, Lorella Orsucci, Lucia Farina, Lucia Villalon, Maria Jesus Vidal, Maria Jose Sanchez, Maria Jose Terol, Maria Rosaria De Paolis, Massimo Gentile, Matthew S. Davids, Mazyar Shadman, Mohamed A Yassin, Myriam Foglietta, Ozren Jaksic, Paolo Sportoletti, Paul M. Barr, Rafael Ramos, Raquel Santiago, Rosa Ruchlemer, Sabina Kersting, Scott F. Huntington, Tobias Herold, Yair Herishanu, Meghan C. Thompson, Sonia Lebowitz, Christine Ryan, Ryan W. Jacobs, Craig A. Portell, Krista Isaac, Alessandro Rambaldi, Chadi Nabhan, Danielle M. Brander, Emili Montserrat, Giuseppe Rossi, Jose A. Garcia-Marco, Marta Coscia, Nikita Malakhov, Noemi Fernandez-Escalada, Sigrid Strand Skånland, Callie C. Coombs, Paola Ghione, Stephen J. Schuster, Robin Foà, Antonio Cuneo, Francesc Bosch, Kostas Stamatopoulos, Paolo Ghia, Anthony R. Mato, and Meera Patel
Subjects: education.field_of_study, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Proportional hazards model, Venetoclax, 902.Health Services Research-Malignant Conditions (Lymphoid Disease), Immunology, Population, Cell Biology, Hematology, medicine.disease, Biochemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Chemoimmunotherapy, Internal medicine, Case fatality rate, Cohort, Clinical endpoint, Medicine, Lymphocytopenia, education, business
Abstract: Introduction: Patients (pts) with CLL may be at particular risk of severe COVID-19 given advanced age and immune dysregulation. Two large series with limited follow-up have reported outcomes for pts with CLL and COVID-19 (Scarfò, et al. Leukemia 2020; Mato, et al. Blood 2020). To provide maximal clarity on outcomes for pts with CLL and COVID-19, we partnered in a worldwide effort to describe the clinical experience and validate predictors of survival, including potential treatment effects. Methods: This international collaboration represents a partnership between investigators at 141 centers. Data are presented in two cohorts. Cohort 1 (Co1) includes pts captured through efforts by European Research Initiative on CLL (ERIC), Italian CAMPUS CLL Program, and Grupo Español de Leucemia Linfática Crónica. The validation cohort, Cohort 2 (Co2), includes pts from US (66%), UK (23%), EU (7%), and other countries (4%). There is no overlap in cases between cohorts. CLL pts were included if COVID-19 was diagnosed by PCR detection of SARS-CoV-2 and they required inpatient hospitalization. Data were collected retrospectively 2/2020 - 5/2020 using standardized case report forms. Baseline characteristics, preexisting comorbidities (including cumulative illness rating scale (CIRS) score ≥6 vs. The primary endpoint of this study was to estimate the case fatality rate (CFR), defined as the proportion of pts who died among all pts hospitalized with COVID-19. Chi-squared test was used to compare frequencies; univariable and multivariable analyses utilized Cox regression. Predictors of inferior OS in both Co1 and Co2 were included in multivariable analyses. Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate overall survival (OS) from time of COVID-19 diagnosis (dx). Results: 411 hospitalized, COVID-19 positive CLL pts were analyzed (Co1 n=281, Co2 n=130). Table 1 describes baseline characteristics. At COVID-19 dx, median age was 72 in Co1 (range 37-94) and 68 in Co2 (range 41-98); 31% (Co1) and 45% (Co2) had CIRS ≥6. In Co1, 48% were treatment-naïve and 26% were receiving CLL-directed therapy at COVID-19 dx (66% BTKi ± anti-CD20, 19% Venetoclax ± anti-CD20, 9.6% chemo/chemoimmunotherapy (CIT), 1.4% PI3Ki, 4% other). In Co2, 36% were never treated and 49% were receiving CLL-directed therapy (65% BTKi ± anti-CD20, 19% Venetoclax ± anti-CD20, 9.4% multi-novel agent combinations, 1.6% CIT, 1.6% PI3Ki, 1.6% anti-CD20 monotherapy, 1.6% other). Most pts receiving CLL-directed therapy had it held at COVID-19 diagnosis (93% in Co1 and 81% in Co2). Frequency of most COVID-19 symptoms/laboratory abnormalities were similar in the two cohorts including fever (88% in both), lymphocytosis (ALC ≥30 x 109/L; 27% vs. 21%), and lymphocytopenia (ALC < 1.0 x 109/L; 18% vs. 28%), while others varied between Co1 and Co2 (p Median follow-up was 24 days (range 2-86) in Co1 and 17 days (1-43) in Co2. CFRs were similar in Co1 and Co2, 30% and 34% (p=0.45). 54% and 43% were discharged while 16% and 23% remained admitted at last follow-up in Co1 and Co2, respectively. The proportion of pts requiring supplemental oxygen was similar (89% vs. 92%) while rate of ICU admission was higher in Co2 (20% vs. 48%, p Conclusions : In the largest cancer dx-specific cohort reported, pts with CLL hospitalized for COVID-19 had a CFR of 30-34%. Advanced patient age at COVID-19 diagnosis was an independent predictor of OS in two large cohorts. This CFR will serve as a benchmark for mortality for future outcomes studies, including therapeutic interventions for COVID-19 in this population. The effect of CLL treatment on OS was inconsistent across cohorts; COVID-19 may be severe regardless of treatment status. While there were no significant differences in distribution of current lines of therapy between cohorts, prior chemo exposure was more common in Co1 vs. Co2, which may account for difference in OS. Extended follow-up will be presented. Disclosures Roeker: American Society of Hematology: Research Funding; Abbott Laboratories: Other: spouse with minority ownership interest ; AbbVie: Other: spouse with minority ownership interest . Scarfo:Janssen: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Abbvie: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; AstraZeneca: Honoraria; Gilead: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Abrisqueta:Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria; Janssen: Consultancy, Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Roche: Consultancy, Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; AbbVie: Consultancy, Honoraria, Speakers Bureau. Eyre:AbbVie: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: travel support; Gilead: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: travel support; Janssen: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: travel support; KITE, AZ, Loxo Oncology at Lilly: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau. Muntañola Prat:Roche: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: travel grants; participated in advisory boards; Abbvie: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: travel grants; participated in advisory boards; Janssen: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: travel grants; participated in advisory boards. Villacampa:AstraZeneca: Other: advisory role; Merck Sharp & Dohme: Honoraria. Leslie:AstraZeneca: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Bayer: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; ADC therapeutics: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; AbbVie: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; BeiGene: Speakers Bureau; KitePharma: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Celgene/BMS: Speakers Bureau; Seattle Genetics: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Pharmacyclics/Janssen: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Epizyme: Speakers Bureau; Karyopharm: Speakers Bureau; TG Therapeutics: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Allan:Acerta, Genentech, Abbvie, Sunesis, Ascentage, Pharmacyclics, Janssen, AstraZeneca, BeiGene: Consultancy; Celgene, Genentech, Janssen, TG Therapeutics: Research Funding; Abbvie, Janssen, AstraZeneca, Pharmacyclics: Honoraria. Furman:Incyte: Consultancy; Genentech: Consultancy; Sunesis: Consultancy; Pharmacyclics: Consultancy; Loxo Oncology: Consultancy; Oncotarget: Consultancy; Janssen: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; TG Therapeutics: Consultancy, Research Funding; Abbvie: Consultancy; Beigene: Consultancy; AstraZeneca: Consultancy, Research Funding; Acerta: Consultancy; Verastem: Consultancy. Pagel:BeiGene, Astrazeneca, Loxo Oncology, Gilead: Consultancy. Hernandez-Rivas:Gilead: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Celgene/BMS: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Janssen: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Abbvie: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Roche: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; AstraZeneca: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Rovi: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Patel:Genentech: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; Adaptive Biotechnologies: Consultancy; Janssen: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; Celgene/BMS: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; BeiGene: Consultancy; Kite: Consultancy; Pharmacyclics: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; AstraZeneca: Consultancy, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau. Motta:Roche: Honoraria; Janssen: Honoraria. Lamanna:AbbVie: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Pharmacyclics: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Gilead: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; AstraZeneca: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Genentech: Research Funding; Verastem: Research Funding; Bei-Gene: Research Funding; TG Therapeutics: Research Funding; Acerta: Research Funding; Celgene: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Roche-Genentech: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Janssen: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Vitale:Janssen: Honoraria. Kamdar:Roche: Research Funding. Österborg:BeiGene: Research Funding; Kancera: Current equity holder in publicly-traded company, Research Funding; Sanofi: Consultancy; Karolinska Univeristy Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden: Current Employment. Hanson:Janssen-Cilag: Research Funding; Gilead: Research Funding; AbbVie: Honoraria. Eichhorst:ArQule: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: travel support, Research Funding; BeiGene: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: travel support, Research Funding; Gilead: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: travel support, Research Funding; AstraZeneca: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: travel support, Research Funding; Oxford Biomedica: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: travel support, Research Funding; AbbVie: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: travel support, Research Funding; F. Hoffmann-LaRoche: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: travel support, Research Funding; Janssen-Cilag: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: travel support, Research Funding; Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: travel support, Research Funding; Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: travel support, Research Funding. Reda:Gilead: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Janssen: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Abbvie: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Varettoni:Janssen: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: Travel/accommodations/expenses; AbbVie: Other: Travel/accommodations/expenses; Roche: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Marchetti:Gilead: Consultancy; Novartis: Speakers Bureau; Amgen: Speakers Bureau; AbbVie: Other: Sponsored meetings; Takeda: Other: Sponsored meetings; Pfeizer: Other: Sponsored meetings. Munir:F. Hoffmann-La Roche: Consultancy, Other: Medical writing support, furnished by Scott Battle, PhD, of Health Interactions, was funded by F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland; Alexion: Honoraria. Zabalza:Janssen: Honoraria, Other: travel grants; Roche: Other: travel grants; Novartis: Other: travel grants. Janssens:Amgen: Consultancy, Other: travel grants; speaker fees; Abbvie: Consultancy, Other: travel grants; speaker fees; Celgene: Consultancy, Other: travel grants; speaker fees; Janssen: Consultancy, Other: travel grants; speaker fees; Gilead: Consultancy, Other: travel grants; speaker fees; Novartis: Consultancy, Other: travel grants; speaker fees; Sanofi-Genzyme: Consultancy, Other: travel grants; speaker fees; Roche: Consultancy, Other: travel grants; speaker fees. Niemann:AstraZeneca: Honoraria, Research Funding; CSL Behring: Honoraria, Research Funding; Janssen: Honoraria, Research Funding; Sunesis: Honoraria, Research Funding; Abbvie: Honoraria, Research Funding; Danish Cancer Society: Honoraria, Research Funding; Novo Nordisk Foundation: Honoraria, Research Funding. Perini:Takeda: Honoraria; Janssen: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Abbvie: Speakers Bureau. Patten:AbbVie: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Roche: Consultancy, Honoraria; Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Janssen: Consultancy, Honoraria; Gilead: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Astra Zeneca: Honoraria. Marasca:Roche: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Abbvie: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Janssen: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Shire: Honoraria. Iyengar:Janssen: Honoraria; Gilead: Honoraria. Ferrari:Abbvie: Honoraria. El-Sharkawi:Roche: Other: Conference fees; Janssen: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Itchaki:Abbvie Inc: Consultancy, Research Funding. Ma:Novartis: Research Funding; Juno: Research Funding; Pharmacyclics, LLC, an AbbVie Company: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Kite: Consultancy, Honoraria; Janssen: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Gilead: Consultancy, Honoraria; Genentech: Consultancy, Honoraria; Bioverativ: Consultancy, Honoraria; BeiGene: Honoraria, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; AstraZeneca: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; AbbVie: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; TG Therapeutics: Research Funding. Van Der Spek:AMGEN: Other: Teaching activities. Seymour:Seattle Genetics: Research Funding; Merck: Research Funding; Karyopharm: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Janssen/Pharmacyclics: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Incyte: Research Funding; Genentech: Research Funding; Bristol-Myers Squibb: Research Funding. Rigolin:Gilead: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Janssen: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Abbvie: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau. Mauro:Roche: Other; Octopharma: Other; Takeda-Shire: Other; Gilead: Other; Janssen: Other; Abbvie: Other. Laurenti:Janssen: Honoraria; Gilead: Honoraria; AbbVie: Honoraria; Roche: Honoraria. Levin:Janssen: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: travel compensation; Abbvie: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: travel compensation; Roche: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: travel compensation. Špaček:Gilead: Honoraria; Abbvie: Honoraria; Janssen: Honoraria. Walewska:AbbVie: Other: sponsored for educational meetings, Speakers Bureau; Janssen: Other: sponsored for educational meetings, Speakers Bureau; Gilead: Speakers Bureau; Astra Zeneca: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Wiestner:Pharmacyclics LLC, an AbbVie Company; Acerta, Merck, Nurix, Verastem, and Genmab: Research Funding; National Institutes of Health: Patents & Royalties: and other intellectual property. Broom:Gilead: Other: Travel support, Speakers Bureau. Kater:Abbvie: Research Funding; Roche: Research Funding; Janssen: Research Funding; Celgene: Research Funding; Genentech: Research Funding. Ujjani:AstraZeneca: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Abbvie: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Verastem Oncology: Consultancy, Honoraria; Gilead/Kite: Consultancy, Research Funding; Atara: Consultancy, Honoraria; Genentech: Consultancy, Honoraria; MorphoSys: Consultancy. Vandenberghe:Celgene: Other: sponsorship to attend Lugano lymphoma meeting in 2019; Gilead: Other: travel grants, Research Funding; Abbvie: Other: travel grants, Research Funding; Janssen: Other: travel grants; Roche: Other: travel grants, Research Funding. Chong:Novartis: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Tessa: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; BMS: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; KITE Pharma: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Pu:Takeda Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy. Brown:Janssen, Teva: Speakers Bureau; Gilead, Loxo, Sun, Verastem: Research Funding; Abbvie, Acerta, AstraZeneca, Beigene, Invectys, Juno/Celgene, Kite, Morphosys, Novartis, Octapharma, Pharmacyclics, Sunesis, TG Therapeutics, Verastem: Consultancy. Trentin:Janssen: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Abbvie: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Octapharma: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Takeda: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Shire: Honoraria. Farina:Abbvie: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Janssen: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Sanchez:Abbvie: Other: travel grants; Amgem: Other: travel grants; Janssen: Other: travel grants; Celgene: Other: travel grants; Roche: Other: travel grants. Shadman:Abbvie, Genentech, Astra Zeneca, Sound Biologics , Pharmacyclics, Verastem, ADC therapeutics, Beigene, Cellectar, BMS, Morphosys and Atara Biotherapeutics: Consultancy; Mustang Bio, Celgene, Pharmacyclics, Gilead, Genentech, Abbvie, TG therapeutics, Beigene, Astra Zeneca, Sunesis, Beigene: Research Funding. Foglietta:Janssen: Honoraria; Gilead: Honoraria. Jaksic:Roche: Honoraria; Janssen: Honoraria; Abbvie: Honoraria. Sportoletti:AbbVie: Honoraria; Janssen: Honoraria. Barr:Morphosys: Consultancy; Gilead: Consultancy; AstraZeneca: Consultancy, Research Funding; Verastem: Consultancy; Seattle Genetics: Consultancy; TG therapeutics: Consultancy, Research Funding; Abbvie/Pharmacyclics: Consultancy, Research Funding; Celgene: Consultancy; Merck: Consultancy; Genentech: Consultancy; Janssen: Consultancy. Ruchlemer:Abbvie Inc: Consultancy, Research Funding. Kersting:Celgene: Other: travel grant; Janssen: Research Funding; Abbvie: Research Funding. Huntington:Pharmacyclics: Honoraria; AbbVie: Consultancy; Novartis: Consultancy; Genentech: Consultancy; DTRM: Research Funding; Celgene: Consultancy, Research Funding; Bayer: Consultancy, Honoraria; Astrazeneca: Honoraria; TG Therapeutics: Research Funding. Herishanu:Roche: Honoraria; Sanofi: Honoraria; Medison: Honoraria; Janssen: Honoraria; Abbvie: Honoraria; AstraZeneca: Honoraria. Jacobs:TG Therapeutics, Inc.: Research Funding; Astra Zeneca: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; AbbVie: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; Pharmacyclics: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Seattle Genetics: Consultancy; Verastem: Consultancy; Janssen: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; Genentech: Speakers Bureau; Sanofi Genzyme: Speakers Bureau. Portell:BeiGene: Consultancy, Research Funding; Pharmacyclics: Consultancy; TG Therapeutics: Research Funding; Infinity: Research Funding; Roche/Genentech: Consultancy, Research Funding; Xencor: Research Funding; Bayer: Consultancy; Amgen: Consultancy; Janssen: Consultancy; Kite: Consultancy, Research Funding; Acerta/AstraZeneca: Research Funding; AbbVie: Research Funding. Rambaldi:Sanofi: Honoraria, Other: TRAVEL, ACCOMMODATIONS, EXPENSES (paid by any for-profit health care company); Astellas: Honoraria, Other: TRAVEL, ACCOMMODATIONS, EXPENSES (paid by any for-profit health care company); BMS/Celgene: Honoraria, Other: TRAVEL, ACCOMMODATIONS, EXPENSES (paid by any for-profit health care company); University of Milan: Current Employment; Roche: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: Support of parent study and funding of editorial support. Received travel support., Research Funding; Gilead: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: Travel support from Gilead.; Amgen: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: TRAVEL, ACCOMMODATIONS, EXPENSES (paid by any for-profit health care company). Research grant from Amgen Inc.; Omeros: Honoraria, Other: TRAVEL, ACCOMMODATIONS, EXPENSES (paid by any for-profit health care company); Novartis: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: TRAVEL, ACCOMMODATIONS, EXPENSES (paid by any for-profit health care company); Pfizer: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: TRAVEL, ACCOMMODATIONS, EXPENSES (paid by any for-profit health care company). Advisory board and speaker fees from Pfizer.. Brander:Verastem: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other, Research Funding; NCCN: Other; Novartis: Consultancy, Other; Teva: Consultancy, Honoraria; Tolero: Research Funding; NCCN: Other; Novartis: Consultancy, Other; Teva: Consultancy, Honoraria; Tolero: Research Funding; AbbVie: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other, Research Funding; ArQule: Consultancy, Other, Research Funding; Ascentage: Other, Research Funding; AstraZeneca: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other, Research Funding; BeiGene: Other, Research Funding; DTRM: Other, Research Funding; Genentech: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other, Research Funding; Juno/Celgene/BMS: Other, Research Funding; MEI Pharma: Other, Research Funding; Pharmacyclics LLC, an AbbVie Company: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other, Research Funding; Pfizer: Consultancy, Other; TG Therapeutics: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other, Research Funding. Rossi:Abbvie: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Daiichi Sankyo: Consultancy, Honoraria; Celgene: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Jazz: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Janssen: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Novartis: Other: Advisory board; Astellas: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Amgen: Honoraria; Pfizer: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Alexion: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Sanofi: Honoraria; Takeda: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Coscia:Karyopharm Therapeutics: Research Funding; Gilead: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Shire: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Janssen: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Abbvie: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau. Coombs:Abbvie: Consultancy, Honoraria; Genentech: Honoraria; AstraZeneca: Honoraria; MEI Pharma: Honoraria; LOXO Oncology: Honoraria; Octapharma: Honoraria; Novartis: Honoraria. Schuster:Novartis, Genentech, Inc./ F. Hoffmann-La Roche: Research Funding; AlloGene, AstraZeneca, BeiGene, Genentech, Inc./ F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Juno/Celgene, Loxo Oncology, Nordic Nanovector, Novartis, Tessa Therapeutics: Consultancy, Honoraria. Foà:Abbvie: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Roche: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Novartis: Speakers Bureau; Roche: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Incyte: Speakers Bureau; Janssen: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau. Cuneo:Astra Zeneca: Honoraria; Gilead: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Roche: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Abbvie: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Janssen: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau. Bosch:Jansen: Honoraria; Abbvie: Honoraria; Novartis: Honoraria; Astra Zeneca: Honoraria; Takeda: Honoraria; Celgene: Honoraria; Roche: Honoraria. Stamatopoulos:AstraZeneca: Honoraria; Janssen, Gilead, Abbvie: Honoraria, Research Funding. Ghia:Adaptive, Dynamo: Consultancy, Honoraria; Novartis: Research Funding; BeiGene: Consultancy, Honoraria; Janssen: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: TRAVEL, ACCOMMODATIONS, EXPENSES (paid by any for-profit health care company), Research Funding; Celgene/Juno: Consultancy, Honoraria; Lilly: Consultancy, Honoraria; MEI: Consultancy, Honoraria; Sunesis: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; AbbVie: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: TRAVEL, ACCOMMODATIONS, EXPENSES (paid by any for-profit health care company), Research Funding; Gilead: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; ArQule: Consultancy, Honoraria; Acerta/AstraZeneca: Consultancy, Honoraria. Mato:Adaptive: Consultancy, Research Funding; Janssen: Consultancy, Research Funding; AbbVie: Consultancy, Research Funding; BeiGene: Consultancy; LOXO: Consultancy, Research Funding; Genentech: Consultancy, Research Funding; AstraZeneca: Consultancy, Research Funding; Pharmacyclics LLC, an AbbVie Company: Consultancy, Research Funding; TG Therapeutics: Consultancy, Other: DSMB, Research Funding.
Published: 2020
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38. Clinical management of a Nigerian patient affected by sickle cell disease with rare blood group and persistent SARS‐CoV‐2 positivity

Author: Francesco Merli, Matteo Maria Naldini, Ester Maria Carla Tesini, Maria Cristina Leone, Micol Quaresima, Angela Mazzi, Angela Ferrari, Virginia Quaresima, and Daniela Maria Cirillo
Subjects: 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Patient affected, business.industry, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Cell, Case Report, Case Reports, Disease, blood groups, infection, medicine.anatomical_structure, Immunology, Medicine, sickle cell disease, business
Published: 2020
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39. Clinical management of very small pigmented lesions: Improved clinical outcome through dermoscopy and reflectance confocal microscopy combination

Author: Anna Carbone, Chiara Franceschini, Angela Ferrari, Flavia Persechino, Isabella Sperduti, Marco Ardigò, Pierluigi Buccini, Paolo Piemonte, Alessandra Iorio, Pasquale Frascione, Laura Eibenschutz, and Carlo Cota
Subjects: Reflectance confocal microscopy, medicine.medical_specialty, Skin Neoplasms, Pigmented basal cell carcinoma, Concordance, Skin Pigmentation, reflectance confocal microscopy, Dermatology, Lentigo maligna, pigmented basal cell carcinoma, 01 natural sciences, 010309 optics, 030207 dermatology & venereal diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Histological diagnosis, 0103 physical sciences, Humans, Medicine, Microscopy, Confocal, business.industry, Histology, medicine.disease, small pigmented lesion, dermoscopy, lentigo maligna, Face, Surgical excision, Radiology, business
Abstract: INTRODUCTION Small-sized pigmented lesions (SSPL)
Published: 2020
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40. Early-life exposure to phthalates among infants in Italy: characterization and time trends

Author: Elena Righi, Lucia Palandri, Angela Ferrari, Riccardo Barbieri, Camilla Lugli, Viola Trevisani, Erica Passini, Fabio Facchinetti, and Laura Lucaccioni
Subjects: Phthalates, Biomonitoring, Urine, Newborns, Postnatal Exposure, Phthalates, Biomonitoring, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Urine, General Environmental Science, Newborns, Postnatal Exposure
Published: 2022

41. Difficili sintesi. Uno sguardo critico ai Compendi dei Messaggi del Consiglio federale

Author: Angela Ferrari
Published: 2022
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42. Das Komma in kontrastiver Perspektive Italienisch–Deutsch

Author: Angela Ferrari and Roska Stojmenova Weber
Published: 2021
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43. COVID-19 severity and mortality in patients with CLL: an update of the international ERIC and Campus CLL study

Author: Ellen van der Spek, Emili Montserrat, Talha Munir, Paolo Ghia, Shaimaa El-Ashwah, Andreas Glenthøj, Viola Maria Popov, Sanne H. Tonino, Ann Janssens, Michel van Gelder, Lara Malerba, Rocío García-Serra, Alberto Lopez-Garcia, Juan-Gonzalo Correa, Christos Demosthenous, Idanna Innocenti, Maria Papaioannou, Lydia Scarfò, Antonio Cuneo, Francesca Romana Mauro, Sabina Kersting, Robin Foà, David Donaldson, Livio Trentin, Roberta Murru, Panagiotis Baliakas, Marina Motta, Deepesh Lad, Yervand K Hakobyan, Paolo Sportoletti, Lucrecia Yáñez San Segundo, Alicia Enrico, Elżbieta Kalicińska, Ewa Wasik-Szczepanek, Martin Spacek, Tamar Tadmor, Enrico Lista, Roel van Kampen, Lorella Orsucci, Michael Doubek, Yair Herishanu, Blanca Espinet, Jose Angel Hernandez-Rivas, Inga Piskunova, Ozren Jakšić, Georgios Karakatsoulis, Tomasz Wróbel, Oana Stanca, Luca Laurenti, Martin Andres, Roberto Marasca, Mark-David Levin, Giovanni Del Poeta, Miguel Arturo Pavlovsky, Maria Dimou, Monia Marchetti, Ivana Milosevic, Gianluigi Reda, Tobias Herold, David Allsup, Raul Cordoba, Andrea Visentin, Maria Gomes da Silva, Angela Ferrari, Antonella Capasso, Juan Marquet, Francesca Maria Quaglia, Candida Vitale, Mattias Mattsson, Marta Coscia, Moritz Fürstenau, Lucia Farina, Niki Stavroyianni, Marta Morawska, Arnon P. Kater, Mónica Baile, Gevorg Saghumyan, Carolina Cuéllar-García, Jacopo Olivieri, Darko Antic, Raquel Nunes Rodrigues, Alejandro Alonso Cabrero, Henrik Frederiksen, Alessandro Rambaldi, Marzia Varettoni, Amit Shrestha, Оlga B Kalashnikova, Thomas Chatzikonstantinou, José A. García-Marco, Martin Simkovic, Linda Katharina Karlsson, Odit Gutwein, Mohamed A. Yassin, Rosa Ruchlemer, Eva Gimeno, Kristian Qvist, Fatima Miras, Gilad Itchaki, Maria Rosaria De Paolis, Maria Efstathopoulou, Doreen te Raa, Barbara Eichhorst, Dominique Bron, Jorge Labrador, Gian Matteo Rigolin, Myriam Foglietta, Massimo Gentile, Sofia Chatzileontiadou, Carsten Utoft Niemann, Anargyros Kapetanakis, Kostas Stamatopoulos, Lorenzo De Paoli, Giulia Quaresmini, RS: GROW - R3 - Innovative Cancer Diagnostics & Therapy, Interne Geneeskunde, MUMC+: MA Hematologie (9), Chatzikonstantinou, T., Kapetanakis, A., Scarfo, L., Karakatsoulis, G., Allsup, D., Cabrero, A. A., Andres, M., Antic, D., Baile, M., Baliakas, P., Bron, D., Capasso, A., Chatzileontiadou, S., Cordoba, R., Correa, J. -G., Cuellar-Garcia, C., De Paoli, L., De Paolis, M. R., Del Poeta, G., Demosthenous, C., Dimou, M., Donaldson, D., Doubek, M., Efstathopoulou, M., Eichhorst, B., El-Ashwah, S., Enrico, A., Espinet, B., Farina, L., Ferrari, A., Foglietta, M., Frederiksen, H., Furstenau, M., Garcia-Marco, J. A., Garcia-Serra, R., Gentile, M., Gimeno, E., Glenthoj, A., Gomes da Silva, M., Gutwein, O., Hakobyan, Y. K., Herishanu, Y., Hernandez-Rivas, J. A., Herold, T., Innocenti, I., Itchaki, G., Jaksic, O., Janssens, A., Kalashnikova, Оb., Kalicinska, E., Karlsson, L. K., Kater, A. P., Kersting, S., Labrador, J., Lad, D., Laurenti, L., Levin, M. -D., Lista, E., Lopez-Garcia, A., Malerba, L., Marasca, R., Marchetti, M., Marquet, J., Mattsson, M., Mauro, F. R., Milosevic, I., Miras, F., Morawska, M., Motta, M., Munir, T., Murru, R., Niemann, C. U., Rodrigues, R. N., Olivieri, J., Orsucci, L., Papaioannou, M., Pavlovsky, M. A., Piskunova, I., Popov, V. M., Quaglia, F. M., Quaresmini, G., Qvist, K., Reda, G., Rigolin, G. M., Ruchlemer, R., Saghumyan, G., Shrestha, A., Simkovic, M., Spacek, M., Sportoletti, P., Stanca, O., Stavroyianni, N., Tadmor, T., Te Raa, D., Tonino, S. H., Trentin, L., Van Der Spek, E., van Gelder, M., van Kampen, R., Varettoni, M., Visentin, A., Vitale, C., Wasik-Szczepanek, E., Wrobel, T., San Segundo, L. Y., Yassin, M., Coscia, M., Rambaldi, A., Montserrat, E., Foa, R., Cuneo, A., Stamatopoulos, K., Ghia, P., Experimental Immunology, Clinical Haematology, AII - Cancer immunology, and CCA - Cancer Treatment and Quality of Life
Subjects: Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, COVID-19 Vaccines, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Epidemiology, medicine.medical_treatment, Chronic lymphocytic leukemia, CLL, COVID-19, 610 Medicine & health, Disease, Lower risk, COVID-19 (Malaltia), Severity of Illness Index, Article, NO, law.invention, Risk Factors, law, Internal medicine, Case fatality rate, Mortalitat, medicine, Humans, Hematologi, Chronic, Mortality, Science & Technology, Leukemia, SARS-CoV-2, business.industry, Vaccination, B-Cell, Leucèmia, COVID-19, Immunosuppression, Hematology, Prognosis, medicine.disease, Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell, Survival Analysis, Intensive care unit, Lymphocytic, Oncology, business, Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Abstract: Patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) may be more susceptible to Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) due to age, disease, and treatment-related immunosuppression. We aimed to assess risk factors of outcome and elucidate the impact of CLL-directed treatments on the course of COVID-19. We conducted a retrospective, international study, collectively including 941 patients with CLL and confirmed COVID-19. Data from the beginning of the pandemic until March 16, 2021, were collected from 91 centers. The risk factors of case fatality rate (CFR), disease severity, and overall survival (OS) were investigated. OS analysis was restricted to patients with severe COVID-19 (definition: hospitalization with need of oxygen or admission into an intensive care unit). CFR in patients with severe COVID-19 was 38.4%. OS was inferior for patients in all treatment categories compared to untreated (p
Published: 2021
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44. 'IMMAGINI' DEL DIRITTO PUBBLICO TEDESCO: LA SINTESI DI RAINER WAHL

Author: Angela Ferrari Zumbini, Angela Ferrari Zumbini, and FERRARI ZUMBINI, Angela
Published: 2020

45. Sullo sfondo della Costituzione. Dalle norme prescritte alle norme presupposte

Author: Angela Ferrari and Filippo Pecorari
Published: 2021
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46. Author response for 'Management of chronic lymphocytic leukemia in Italy during a one year of the COVID‐19 pandemic and at the start of the vaccination program. A Campus CLL report'

Author: null Antonio Cuneo, null Gian Matteo Rigolin, null Marta Coscia, null Giulia Quaresmini, null Lydia Scarfò, null Francesca Romana Mauro, null Marina Motta, null Francesca Maria Quaglia, null Livio Trentin, null Andrea Ferrario, null Luca Laurenti, null Gianluigi Reda, null Angela Ferrari, null Daniela Pietrasanta, null Paolo Sportoletti, null Francesca Re, null Lorenzo De Paoli, null Myriam Foglietta, null Annamaria Giordano, null Monia Marchetti, null Lucia Farina, null Giovanni Del Poeta, null Marzia Varettoni, null Federico Chiurazzi, null Roberto Marasca, null Lara Malerba, null Adalberto Ibatici, null Maria Chiara Tisi, null Vittorio Stefoni, null Monica Leone, null Claudia Baratè, null Jacopo Olivieri, null Roberta Murru, null Massimo Gentile, null Alessandro Sanna, null Alessandro Gozzetti, null Valter Gattei, null Daniela Gottardi, null Enrico Derenzini, null Luciano Levato, null Lorella Orsucci, null Giuseppa Penna, null Annalisa Chiarenza, and null Robin Foà
Published: 2021
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47. THE ELDERLY PROGNOSTIC INDEX (EPI) PREDICTS EARLY MORTALITY IN OLDER PATIENTS WITH DLBCL. A SUBSTUDY OF THE ELDERLY PROJECT BY THE FONDAZIONE ITALIANA LINFOMI (FIL)

Author: Luigi Marcheselli, Michele Spina, G. Tarantini, R. Sartori, Stefan Hohaus, A. L. Molinari, Benedetta Puccini, L. Flenghi, Agnese Re, Angela Ferrari, Sara Veronica Usai, Annalisa Arcari, Luca Nassi, Isabel Alvarez, Michele Merli, S. Kovalchuk, Dario Marino, Caterina Mammi, Alberto Fabbri, Stefano Luminari, Elsa Pennese, Barbara Botto, Chiara Bottelli, Francesca Re, Monica Balzarotti, Gerardo Musuraca, Emanuela Chimienti, Francesco Merli, G. Gini, Alice Di Rocco, G. Cabras, Emanuele Cencini, Simone Ferrero, Alessandra Tucci, Vittorio Ruggero Zilioli, Maria Christina Cox, Manuela Zanni, A. Lleshi, Luigi Rigacci, Monica Tani, and Federica Cavallo
Subjects: Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, Index (economics), Oncology, Older patients, business.industry, Internal medicine, Medicine, Hematology, General Medicine, business
Published: 2021
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48. Management of chronic lymphocytic leukemia in Italy during a one year of the COVID-19 pandemic and at the start of the vaccination program. A Campus CLL report

Author: Marina Motta, Daniela Gottardi, Vittorio Stefoni, Daniela Pietrasanta, Gianluigi Reda, Lydia Scarfò, Gian Matteo Rigolin, Annalisa Chiarenza, Francesca Maria Quaglia, Maria Chiara Tisi, Alessandro Sanna, Luciano Levato, Robin Foà, Monica Leone, Livio Trentin, Massimo Gentile, Monia Marchetti, Adalberto Ibatici, Enrico Derenzini, Roberta Murru, Antonio Cuneo, Angela Ferrari, Giulia Quaresmini, Francesca Romana Mauro, Annamaria Giordano, Lucia Farina, Myriam Foglietta, Paolo Sportoletti, Lara Malerba, Alessandro Gozzetti, Roberto Marasca, Federico Chiurazzi, Lorenzo De Paoli, Francesca Re, Giovanni Del Poeta, Andrea Ferrario, Marta Coscia, Luca Laurenti, Lorella Orsucci, Marzia Varettoni, Claudia Baratè, Giuseppa Penna, Valter Gattei, Jacopo Olivieri, Cuneo, A., Rigolin, G. M., Coscia, M., Quaresmini, G., Scarfo', L., Mauro, F. R., Motta, M., Quaglia, F. M., Trentin, L., Ferrario, A., Laurenti, L., Reda, G., Ferrari, A., Pietrasanta, D., Sportoletti, P., Re, F., De Paoli, L., Foglietta, M., Giordano, A., Marchetti, M., Farina, L., Del Poeta, G., Varettoni, M., Chiurazzi, F., Marasca, R., Malerba, L., Ibatici, A., Tisi, M. C., Stefoni, V., Leone, M., Barate, C., Olivieri, J., Murru, R., Gentile, M., Sanna, A., Gozzetti, A., Gattei, V., Gottardi, D., Derenzini, E., Levato, L., Orsucci, L., Penna, G., Chiarenza, A., and Foa, R.
Subjects: Male, Cancer Research, 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, Time Factors, targeted agents, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Chronic lymphocytic leukemia, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), NO, COVID‐19, Pandemic, medicine, Humans, Chronic, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, COVID-19, vaccination, Letter to the Editor, Aged, Leukemia, business.industry, SARS-CoV-2, Vaccination, B-Cell, Disease Management, Hematology, General Medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Prognosis, Virology, Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell, Lymphocytic, Settore MED/15 - MALATTIE DEL SANGUE, Oncology, Italy, Female, business
Published: 2021

49. Simplified Geriatric Assessment in Older Patients With Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: The Prospective Elderly Project of the Fondazione Italiana Linfomi

Author: Barbara Botto, Eliza A Hawkes, Allison Barraclough, Dario Marino, Maria Christina Cox, Simone Ferrero, Michele Merli, L. Flenghi, Angela Ferrari, Benedetta Puccini, Carlos S. Chiattone, Giuseppe Tarantini, Alice Di Rocco, Manuela Zanni, Michele Spina, Marcia Torresan Delamain, Luigi Rigacci, Monica Tani, Francesca Re, Luca Nassi, Emanuele Cencini, Isabel Alvarez, Chiara Bottelli, Giuseppina Cabras, Alessandro Re, Francesco Merli, Annalia Molinari, Alessandra Tucci, Sofia Kovalchuk, Monica Balzarotti, Elsa Pennese, Federica Cavallo, Arben Lleshi, Luigi Marcheselli, Stefan Hohaus, Sara Veronica Usai, Gerardo Musuraca, Emanuela Chimienti, Vittorio Ruggero Zilioli, Roberto Sartori, Caterina Mammi, Guido Gini, Alberto Fabbri, Stefano Luminari, and Annalisa Arcari
Subjects: Aged, 80 and over, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, MEDLINE, Geriatric assessment, medicine.disease, lymphoma, geriatric assessment, Lymphoma, Prognostic score, Oncology, Older patients, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse, Prospective Studies, business, Geriatric Assessment, Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, Aged
Abstract: PURPOSE To prospectively validate the use of a simplified geriatric assessment (sGA) at diagnosis and to integrate it into a prognostic score for older patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). METHODS We conducted the prospective Elderly Project study on patients with DLBCL older than 64 years who underwent our Fondazione Italiana Linfomi original geriatric assessment (oGA) (age, Cumulative Illness Rating Scale for Geriatrics, activities of daily living, and instrumental activities of daily living) before treatment. Treatment choice was left to the physician's discretion. The primary end point was overall survival (OS) (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02364050 ). RESULTS We analyzed 1,163 patients (median age 76 years), with a 3-year OS of 65% (95% CI, 62 to 68). Because at multivariate analysis on oGA, age > 80 years retained an independent correlation with OS, we also developed a new, simplified version of the GA (sGA) that classifies patients as fit (55%), unfit (28%), and frail (18%) with significantly different 3-year OS of 75%, 58%, and 43%, respectively. The sGA groups, International Prognostic Index, and hemoglobin levels were independent predictors of OS and were used to build the Elderly Prognostic Index (EPI). Three risk groups were identified: low (23%), intermediate (48%), and high (29%), with an estimated 3-year OS of 87% (95% CI, 81 to 91), 69% (95% CI, 63 to 73), and 42% (95% CI, 36 to 49), respectively. The EPI was validated using an independent external series of 328 cases. CONCLUSION The Elderly Project validates sGA as an objective tool to assess fitness status and defines the new EPI to predict OS of older patients with DLBCL.
Published: 2021

50. Standards of Judicial Review of Administrative Action (1890 – 1910) in the Austro-Hungarian Empire

Author: Angela Ferrari Zumbini, Ferrari Zumbini, A., G. della Cananea, S. Mannoni, and Ferrari, Zumbini
Subjects: Judicial review, Political science, Law, Administrative action, Austro-Hungarian Empire
Abstract: This chapter argues that, if France has been the home of administrative courts, Austria has greatly contributed to the development of administrative law with regard to administrative procedure. Thanks to the Austrian Administrative Court, established in 1875, administrative law has been increasingly important in the regulation of public affairs. The chapter analyses the causes, development, and effects of these features. One main theme is, of course, the scope and purpose of judicial review of administrative action. In this respect, the chapter shows the growth of litigation and the liberal approach followed by the Court. Moreover, the role of the Court as lawmaker is examined in the light of the general principles of law that it developed. . Such principles included legality and procedural fairness, with particular regard to the right to a hearing and the duty to give reasons. Considered as a whole, they required public administrations to act reasonably rather than arbitrarily. Finally, it was judge-made law that constituted the basis for the codification of 1925.
Published: 2021

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