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The demand for food is increasing at the same rate as the population. The government continues its efforts to increase the availability of staple foods, particularly rice, despite the threat of climate anomalies and the shrinking of paddy fields. Adaptive rice cultivation technology innovations are strongly encouraged to continue to be developed on a large scale. Application of the jajar legowo planting system in conjunction with other technological components, such as the use of varieties that are flood-tolerant, drought-tolerant, and early maturing, as well as water-saving irrigation technology, can increase rice yield. The increased productivity resulting from the implementation of jajar legowo varies between 14.7% and 21.3% across regions. Improved climate-change-adapted varieties can boost yield by up to 28%. Some efforts to eliminate the negative impacts of climate change in the agricultural sector are; i) utilizing climate change information and planting calendar information to determine planting time and the commodities; ii) selecting and developing plant species and varieties that are adaptive to climate change, including varieties that are drought tolerant, inundated tolerant, and tolerant of salinity, as well as early-aged varieties to develop climate-adaptive cropping patterns; iii) applying water-saving technologies such as intermittent irrigation systems; iv) developing soil and plant management technologies to increase plant adaptabilities such as adding organic material and biochar application; v) developing crop-livestock systems to reduce risk and optimize the use of land resources; and vi) utilizing farm protection facilities such as farming insurance (Asuransi Usaha Tani Padi/AUTP) as part of mitigation efforts.

Consumption is one of the important factors in aggregate expenditure and has a major contribution to the economic growth of a country. Many factors affect the level of household consumption. For this reason, this paper is intended to examine the factors that influence the level of household consumption in Indonesia by referring to several existing consumption theories. The data used is time series data obtained from the Central Statistics Agency, and processed using the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method. The results of the analysis strengthen the initial Keynesian theory which shows that a significant factor influencing household consumption is disposable income.

Increasing food crop production remains a top priority for the Indonesian government, as demand increases as the population grows. One of the obstacles faced in increasing production is climate change. One of the adaptations to climate change in agriculture is to establish policies for the development and modification of infrastructure that can save water resources management and establish institutions involved in the planning and implementation of water resources management. Kendal Regency, Central Java Province, is one of the regions that contributes to food availability in Indonesia. These conditions support the development of food crops, especially rice, corn, and soybeans. Since 2015, the government and farmers have made improvements to the tertiary irrigation network in paddy fields. This activity aims to increase the cropping index and achieve cropping patterns for one year. In the implementation of irrigation network improvement activities, the community of farmers using water usually works together in determining the location for repairs and making suggestions for improvements to the government. Improvements to irrigation networks were able to increase the cropping index by 0.37 from 1.85 in 2015 to 2.22 in 2016 or equivalent to an area of 8,880 ha (standard area ±24,000 ha).

Urban agriculture has been seen as an essential strategy for enhancing food availability and reducing stress levels for urban households. This paper aims to study the benefits of urban farming and its ability as a resilient strategy, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research used primary and secondary sources to gather relevant data. Primary data was collected through interviews in June-July 2021 and analysed quantitatively and qualitatively. The analysis found that respondents' perception of urban farming was strongly positive. The paper finds that urban farming could be a resilient strategy since it could reduce stress and increase the community's income. Urban farming could also play a way in increasing people's immunity and health system in urban areas. Therefore, urban farming needs to be supported and assisted by the Government, specifically at the local level.

Jogo Tonggo - a social activity from, by, and for the community based on local wisdom, is initiated by the Central Java Provincial Government to anticipate the negative implications of COVID-19 on the health, social and economic sectors. However, in practice, the role of formal key figures (Babinsa, Babinkamtibmas, and Village Midwives) and non-formal (RT/RW) in the context of social capital is a determining factor for the success of the implementation of Jogo Tonggo. The study's objective is to analyse the determinants that influence the success of the implementation of Jogo Tonggo in tackling the impact of the spread of COVID-19 on the health, social, and economic sectors of the community. Primary data were obtained through direct interviews with respondents consisting of key formal figures (Babinsa, Babinkamtibmas, Village Midwives), non-formal (RT/RW), and people exposed to COVID-19. Secondary data is obtained from BPS, related ministries and institutions, and the results of previous studies. Data is analysed descriptively and qualitatively. The results showed that Jogo Tonggo's activities in Central Java helped minimise the spread of COVID-19 and helped recover residents affected by COVID-19 through food assistance provided during the quarantine. The assistance provided to the affected communities has also succeeded in preventing social problems and ensuring security. The strength of social capital supported by community participation and the integration between formal and non-formal figures determine the success of the implementation of Jogo Tonggo.

Tegal is one of the districts that has the opportunity to become one of the centers for rice production in Central Java Province. This is indicated by the relatively high paddy field area, ranked 9th in Central Java. However, rice production in Tegal Regency was only ranked 15th. One effort to improve IP is through the use of new high yielding varieties (VUB). This paper examined the opportunities for developing VUB rice in Tegal Regency. Primary data obtained from interviews with farmers and field staffs. Analysis of potential development was assessed from the feasibility of 32 and 43 VUB Inpari rice farming, Mekongga variety. The results of the study show that VUB rice farming was more feasible to be cultivated compared to the existing varieties. This was indicated by the R/C of both VUB rice which were higher than the existing variety. The response of farmers to both VUB rice was indicated by demand of most sub-districts in Tegal Regency to the two varieties. Therefore, it was necessary to guarantee the availability of VUB rice seeds in the market. This can be done by developing seed breeders of these varieties through Desa Mandiri Benih or a private seed company.