40 results on '"Aniel, Frédéric"'
Search Results
2. Terahertz Electronic Devices
- Author
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Aniel, Frédéric, primary, Auton, Gregory, additional, Cumming, David, additional, Feiginov, Michael, additional, Gebert, Sebastian, additional, González, Tomás, additional, Li, Chong, additional, Lisauskas, Alvydas, additional, Marinchio, Hugues, additional, Mateos, Javier, additional, Palermo, Christophe, additional, Song, Aimin, additional, Treuttel, Jeanne, additional, Varani, Luca, additional, and Zerounian, Nicolas, additional
- Published
- 2022
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3. Characteristics of Coplanar Waveguide of Small Cross Section on BCB with Coplanar Ground to Conductor-Backed Plane Interconnection
- Author
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Grimault-Jacquin, Anne-Sophie, Zerounian, Nicolas, Kaid Omar, Iméne, Crozat, Paul, Amar, Farah, Villebasse, Cédric, Bouville, David, Hamouda, Frédéric, and Aniel, Frédéric
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- 2019
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4. Design and VNA-measurement of coplanar waveguide (CPW) on benzocyclobutene (BCB) at THz frequencies
- Author
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Cao, Lei, Grimault-Jacquin, Anne-Sophie, Zerounian, Nicolas, and Aniel, Frédéric
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- 2014
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5. Heterojunction Transistors at Low Temperature
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Aniel, Frédéric, Adde, Robert, Balestra, Francis, editor, and Ghibaudo, Gérard, editor
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- 2001
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6. A Millimeter-Wave Substrate Integrated Waveguide Filter in Si-BCB Technology
- Author
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Corsi, Jordan, Acri, Giuseppe, Moulin, Maxime, Zerounian, Nicolas, Grimault-Jacquin, Anne-Sophie, Vincent, Loïc, Ducournau, Guillaume, Aniel, Frédéric, Podevin, Florence, Ferrari, Philippe, Pistono, Emmanuel, Reliable RF and Mixed-signal Systems (TIMA-RMS), Techniques de l'Informatique et de la Microélectronique pour l'Architecture des systèmes intégrés (TIMA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies (C2N), Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL), Photonique THz - IEMN (PHOTONIQUE THZ - IEMN), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA), This work has received support under the ANR TERAPACIPODE project, grant ANR-16-CE24-0031-01 of the French Agence Nationale de la Recherche. The samples preparation is performed in the Technology Facility of the Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology in the FrenchRenatech network., EuMIC/EuMC/EuMW, and ANR-16-CE24-0031,Terapacipode,Démonstration de circuits passifs sur Polymère dans la gamme THz(2016)
- Subjects
[SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics] ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
International audience; In this paper the design, measurements and retro-simulations of a 110-GHz 5th-order Chebyshev filter, based on substrate integrated waveguide in a 30−μm thick BenzoCycloButene (BCB) above-IC technology, are presented. A center frequency of 101.5 GHz, corresponding to a 8.5-GHz frequency shift towards low frequencies, and 11.8% of fractional bandwidth are measured. The filter presents 4.6-dB of insertion loss and a low return loss of 17.5 dB in the passband. Thanks to optical profilometer measurements, a deformation of the top metallic cover of the SIW structures was observed. Electromagnetic simulations taking this top surface deformation into account allows recovering the measured filter behaviour with the center frequency shift. Thus, this BCB above-IC technology seems promising for the design of passive circuits at higher frequencies, at which substrate heights of 30 μm are more appropriate.
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- 2022
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7. Parasitic electrostatic capacitance of high-speed SiGe Heterojunction Bipolar Transistors
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Zerounian, Nicolas, Aniel, Frédéric, Barbalat, Benoît, Chevalier, Pascal, and Chantre, Alain
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- 2009
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8. Complex permittivity characterization of benzocyclobutene for terahertz applications
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Perret, Etienne, Zerounian, Nicolas, David, Sylvain, and Aniel, Frédéric
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- 2008
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9. Guides d'onde SIW sur interposeur polymère pour applications millimétriques
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Acri, Giuseppe, Podevin, Florence, Pistono, Emmanuel, Ferrari, Philippe, Boccia, Luigi, Grimault-Jacquin, A. S., Zerounian, N., Aniel, Frédéric, Laboratoire de Radio-Fréquence et d'Intégration de Circuits (RFIC-Lab), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Elettronica e Sistemistica, Dip. Ingegneria Informatica Modellistica, Università della Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy, Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies [Marcoussis] (C2N), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut d'électronique fondamentale (IEF)
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[SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
International audience
- Published
- 2019
10. Transit times of SiGe:C HBTs using nonselective base epitaxy
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Zerounian, Nicolas, Rodriguez, Manuel, Enciso, Mauro, Aniel, Frédéric, Chevalier, Pascal, Martinet, Bertrand, and Chantre, Alain
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- 2004
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11. fMAX Increase to 500 GHz of SiGe HBTs at Low Temperature
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Zerounian, Nicolas, primary, Diallo, Mariam, additional, Aniel, Frédéric, additional, Chevalier, Pascal, additional, and Chantre, Alain, additional
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- 2019
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12. Full-band matrix solution of the Boltzmann transport equation and electron impact ionization in GaAs
- Author
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Cavassilas, Nicolas, Aniel, Frédéric, Fishman, Guy, and Adde, Robert
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- 2002
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13. Mesure de la permittivité du a-Si:H entre 0.5 et 3 THz
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Zerounian, N., Grimault-Jacquin, A. S., Aniel, Frédéric, Kleider, Jean-Paul, Cabarrocas, P.Roca I, Institut d'électronique fondamentale (IEF), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Génie électrique et électronique de Paris (GeePs), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de physique des interfaces et des couches minces [Palaiseau] (LPICM), École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and KLEIDER, Jean-Paul
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[SPI.OPTI] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic ,[SPI.NANO] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics ,[SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power ,[PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci] ,[SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic ,[SPI.MAT] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials ,[SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics ,[PHYS.COND.CM-MS] Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci] ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,[SPI.NRJ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power ,[SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials - Abstract
International audience
- Published
- 2017
14. Hot carriers relaxation in highly excited polar semiconductors: Hot phonons versus phonon-plasmon coupling.
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Tea, Eric, Hamzeh, Hani, and Aniel, Frédéric
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SEMICONDUCTOR research ,PHONONS ,PLASMONS (Physics) ,HOT carriers ,GALLIUM arsenide - Abstract
We present a study of the photo-excited charge carriers relaxation dynamics in polar semiconductors comparing calculations to pump probe experiments. Hot carrier densities in the 10
18 cm-3 range can easily be photo-generated using moderately intense optical excitations. This can lead to known phenomena, namely, hot phonon populations and the coupling of polar optical phonons with plasmon modes. However, these two phenomena can affect the hot carriers relaxation and have never been examined together. This is a problem for the theoretical study of future Hot Carrier Solar Cells, where the conditions allow both of these phenomena to occur. The charge carriers dynamics and the coupling of polar optical phonons with plasmon modes are treated by a Full Band Ensemble Monte Carlo simulation code featuring a self-consistent dielectric function. To take into consideration hot phonon populations and the subsequent phonon bottleneck for the carriers relaxation, the charge carriers simulation code is coupled to a phonon dedicated Ensemble Monte Carlo code. This enables for the first time an accurate study of both the charge carriers and phonon systems dynamics, the latter being most of the time overly simplified in previous studies. The present work explores to which extent the two aforementioned phenomena affect the photo-generated charge carriers relaxation in GaAs and can be easily adapted to other polar semiconductors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2011
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15. Monte Carlo study of phonon dynamics in III-V compounds.
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Hamzeh, Hani and Aniel, Frédéric
- Subjects
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PHONONS , *MONTE Carlo method , *STOCHASTIC analysis , *TRANSPORT theory , *GALLIUM arsenide , *INDIUM phosphide , *INDIUM arsenide - Abstract
The Monte Carlo (MC) stochastic method is used to solve the phonon Boltzmann transport equation. A solution scheme taking into account all the different individual types of Normal and Umklapp processes which respect energy and momentum conservation rules is presented. The use of the common relaxation time approximation in the MC solver is thus avoided. A generalized Ridley theoretical scheme is used instead to calculate three-phonon scattering rates, with the Grüneisen constant as the only adjustable parameter. A method for deriving adequate adjustable parameters is presented. Polarization branches with real nonlinear dispersion relations for transverse or longitudinal optical and acoustic phonons are considered. Zone-center longitudinal optical (LO) phonon lifetimes are extracted from the MC simulations for GaAs, InP, InAs, and GaSb. Decay channels contributions to zone-center LO phonon lifetimes are investigated using the calculated scattering rates. Vallée-Bogani's channel is found to have a negligible contribution in all studied materials, notably GaAs. A comparison of phonons behavior between the different materials indicates that the previously reported LO phonon lifetimes in InAs and GaSb were quite underestimated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2011
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16. Strained silicon on SiGe: Temperature dependence of carrier effective masses.
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Richard, Soline, Cavassilas, Nicola, Aniel, Frédéric, and Fishman, Guy
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VALENCE (Chemistry) ,CONDUCTION bands ,BRILLOUIN zones - Abstract
A strain Bir–Pikus Hamiltonian H[sub st], based on a 20 band sps[sup *] k·p Hamiltonian H[sub kp], is used to describe the valence band and the first two conduction bands over the entire Brillouin zone. This full-band k·p computation of the carrier dispersion relation is used to calculate electron and hole effective masses in strained silicon. Hole density of states masses are found to be very temperature dependent whereas electron effective masses can be considered temperature independent to first order. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2003
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17. Energy-band structure in strained silicon: A 20-band k·p and Bir–Pikus Hamiltonian model.
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Richard, Soline, Aniel, Frédéric, Fishman, Guy, and Cavassilas, Nicolas
- Subjects
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ENERGY bands , *SILICON , *HAMILTONIAN systems - Abstract
A strain Bir-Pikus Hamiltonian H[sub st], associated with a 20-band sp³s* k·p Hamiltonian H[sub kp], is used to describe the valence band and the first two conduction bands all over the Brillouin zone. Because the local (in k space) deformation potentials ... and ... used in pseudopotential method are unusable in k·p theory, we show that taking into account the Bir-Pikus parameters (a, b) of the Brillouin zone center in the H[sub st] Hamiltonian allows one to describe the dispersion relation in the whole Brillouin zone. The method is applied to strained Si on a relaxed Si[sub 1-x]Ge[sub x] alloy. The values of the energy band gap, and of the Δ[sub 2-4] conduction band splitting between the four equivalent in-plane valleys Δ[sub 4] and the two valleys along the growth direction Δ[sub 2] are in very good agreement with those reported in other publications. The small value of the spin-orbit splitting in silicon is taken explicitly into account. We show that the valence band splitting is consequently not proportional to the stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
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18. Développement de capteurs THz utilisant l'hétérostructure AlGaN/GaN
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Boone, François, Maher, Hassan, Aniel, Frédéric, Spisser, Hélène, Boone, François, Maher, Hassan, Aniel, Frédéric, and Spisser, Hélène
- Abstract
Le domaine du spectre électromagnétique correspondant aux fréquences térahertz est encore peu exploité, pourtant, les applications nécessitant la génération, l’amplification ou la détection d’un signal térahertz sont nombreuses et intéressantes. Dans ce travail, nous nous intéressons tout particulièrement au détecteurs plasmoniques, qui constituent une alternative prometteuse à la montée en fréquence des capteurs électroniques et à l’utilisation de capteurs thermiques pour les photons de faible énergie. Les capteurs plasmoniques fonctionnent grâce au couplage entre le photon térahertz et un plasmon au sein d’un gaz d’électrons bidimensionnel (2DEG). Le plasmon-polariton est ensuite transformé en un signal continu et détectable. Nous utilisons pour cela le 2DEG présent dans l’hétérostructure AlGaN/GaN. Le couplage entre le photon et le plasmon-polariton est réalisé par un réseau métallique déposé sur la structure semi-conductrice. Tout d’abord, l’étude du couplage photon/plasmon par des simulations électromagnétiques nous a permis de connaître les fréquences de résonance des plasmons-polaritons en fonction des dimensions du réseau. Le motif de réseau composé de deux bandes de métal de largeurs différentes a été plus particulièrement étudié. Ce motif permettant aux détecteurs d’atteindre une très haute sensibilité [Coquillat et al., 2010] et n’avait pas encore été étudié du point de vue de son efficacité de couplage. Des détecteurs, dimensionnés pour notre montage de test à 0,65 THz, ont ensuite été fabriqués puis mesurés avec un réseau non-polarisé, à température ambiante et refroidis à l’azote. La correspondance entre la variation de la sensibilité en fonction de la fréquence et les spectres d’absorption mesurés au spectromètre infrarouge à transformée de Fourier (FTIR) montre l’importance de l’étape de couplage dans le processus de détection. Contrôler la densité électronique dans le 2DEG permet de modifier la fréquence de résonance des plasmons-polaritons et d’aug, The objectives of this thesis were the fabrication, the measurement and the study of gallium nitride THz detectors. These detectors are working as follows : first the incident THz photon is coupled to a plasmon in the quantum well at the interface AlGaN/GaN. This plasmon is then turned into a continuous measurable current. One of the key-components in this type of detectors is the grating coupling the incident photon and the plasmon. Electromagnetic simulations have been made to determine the dimensions of the grating depending on the detection frequency. Detectors were then fabricated using the precendently calculated grating patterns. Their working frequency depending on their dimensions were measured with a good agreement with the previously led simulations. The grating is not used only as coupling element, but can be used to monitor the electron density in the quatum well as well, what should allow an exaltation of the rectification phenomenon and a frequency tunability. A technological development was needed to achieve grating actually monitoring the electron density over a wide range. It was a real challenge to fabricate such wide grating (36 mm²) with such small periods (about one micrometer) using epitaxies developped for devices with a much smaller area.
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- 2017
19. k.p theory beyond standard 8-band theory parametrization strategies and its applicability in electronic and optoelectronic devices design
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Aniel, Frédéric, Richard, Soline, Tea, Eric, El Kurdi, Moustafa, Sauvage, Sébastien, Boucaud, Philippe, Fishman, Guy, Institut d'électronique fondamentale (IEF), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne
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[SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
International audience
- Published
- 2010
20. Modélisation 3D des équations de Maxwell et de Boltzmann : rôle du guide d’onde sur la réponse d’un photo-commutateur
- Author
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Tissafi, B., Perret, Etienne, Sirbu, M., Lepault, S., Zerounian, N., Aniel, Frédéric, Laboratoire de Conception et d'Intégration des Systèmes (LCIS), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology, Laboratoire national des champs magnétiques intenses - Toulouse (LNCMI-T), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Institut d'électronique fondamentale (IEF), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])
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[SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics] ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
International audience
- Published
- 2006
21. Chap. 14: Influence des contraintes sur les propriétés électroniques et optiques des semi-conducteurs
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Aniel, Frédéric, Richard, Soline, Sauvage, Sébastien, Boucaud, Philippe, Fishman, Guy, Institut d'électronique fondamentale (IEF), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne, M. Mouis, Boyer, Soline, Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
[SPI.OPTI] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic ,[SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic - Published
- 2006
22. Consideration to minimize losses in terahertz coplanar waveguide on indium phosphide
- Author
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Grimault‐Jacquin, Anne‐Sophie, primary, Tissafi, Bouchra, additional, Perret, Etienne, additional, and Aniel, Frédéric, additional
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. SiGe HBT featuring fT > 600GHz at Cryogenic Temperature
- Author
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Zerounian, Nicolas, primary, Ramirez Garcia, Eloy, additional, Aniel, Frédéric, additional, Chevalier, Pascal, additional, Geynet, Boris, additional, and Chantre, Alain, additional
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. The effect of carbon on neutral base recombination in high-speed SiGeC heterojunction bipolar transistors
- Author
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Barbalat, Benoît, primary, Schwartzmann, Thierry, additional, Chevalier, Pascal, additional, Vandelle, Benoît, additional, Rubaldo, Laurent, additional, Lachater, Anne, additional, Saguin, Fabienne, additional, Zerounian, Nicolas, additional, Aniel, Frédéric, additional, and Chantre, Alain, additional
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
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25. Band diagrams of Si and Ge quantum wells via the 30-bandk∙pmethod
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Richard, Soline, primary, Aniel, Frédéric, additional, and Fishman, Guy, additional
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Erratum: Energy-band structure of Ge, Si, and GaAs: A thirty-bandk∙pmethod [Phys. Rev. B70, 235204 (2004)]
- Author
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Richard, Soline, primary, Aniel, Frédéric, additional, and Fishman, Guy, additional
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Energy-band structure of Ge, Si, and GaAs: A thirty-bandk∙pmethod
- Author
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Richard, Soline, primary, Aniel, Frédéric, additional, and Fishman, Guy, additional
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Energy and temperature dependence of electron effective masses in silicon
- Author
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Cavassilas, Nicolas, primary, Autran, Jean-Luc, additional, Aniel, Frédéric, additional, and Fishman, Guy, additional
- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Energy-band structure of GaAs and Si: Asps*k⋅pmethod
- Author
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Cavassilas, Nicolas, primary, Aniel, Frédéric, additional, Boujdaria, Kais, additional, and Fishman, Guy, additional
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. COMPARISON AND OPTIMIZATION OF DISPERSION, AND LOSSES OF PLANAR WAVEGUIDES ON BENZOCYCLOBUTENE (BCB) AT THZ FREQUENCIES: COPLANAR WAVEGUIDE (CPW), MICROSTRIP, STRIPLINE AND SLOTLINE.
- Author
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Cao, Lei, Grimault-Jacquin, Anne-Sophie, and Aniel, Frédéric
- Subjects
BENZOCYCLOBUTENE ,OPTICAL losses ,DISPERSION (Chemistry) ,SUBMILLIMETER waves ,COPLANAR waveguides ,MICROSTRIP transmission lines - Abstract
This paper proposes an investigation in the terahertz (THz) frequency range of the dispersion and an individual quantitative treatment of the losses of the most classical microwave waveguides (coplanar, slotline, microstrip and stripline) numerically led in three dimensions (3D). An original strategy has been used to quantify radiation losses associated with leaky modes. A very low THz permittivity polymer (benzocyclobutene (BCB)) was used as a very convenient substrate to be easily grafted as a THz environment of integrated passive or/and active devices. Direct comparisons of the losses and the dispersion have been performed following two criteria: a constant characteristic impedance Z
c fixed at 100 Ω and a constant effective width Weff fixed at 30 μm. The best waveguides are microstrip (αT = 2.52 dB/mm for Zc = 100 Ω and for W/H = 35/50 μm (with W the strip width and H the substrate height) and αT = 2.29 dB/mm for Weff = 30 μm at 1 THz with H = 30 μm) and stripline (with quasi-null radiation losses and the best quality factor QT = 63 for Zc = 100 Ω). The large dispersion and radiation losses of the slotline (SL) can be reduced with a thick BCB encapsulation to enhance the THz signal. The coplanar waveguide (CPW) remains in a medium position. Besides the parasitic mode (SL) and low QT problems due to mainly ohmic losses, its major advantage is its planar geometry allowing to an easy circuit integration with THz sources, amplifiers and detectors based on semiconductor. Consequently, these THz studies on BCB microwave standard waveguides open to various perspectives to carry out a broad panel of integrated THz circuits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Consideration to minimize losses in terahertz coplanar waveguide on indium phosphide.
- Author
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Grimault-Jacquin, Anne-Sophie, Tissafi, Bouchra, Perret, Etienne, and Aniel, Frédéric
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WAVEGUIDES ,ELECTROMAGNETIC waves ,INDIUM phosphide ,NUMERICAL analysis ,ENERGY dissipation ,RADIATION ,GEOMETRIC analysis ,LETTERS - Abstract
The aim of this study is to analyze the losses of coplanar waveguide (CPW) in the Terahertz (THz) frequency range. A numerical analysis of the origin of losses (conductor, dielectric and radiation) for different geometries of the THz CPW on an Indium Phosphide substrate is presented. Two air-bridges have been created over the central metallization and they are linked to the two ground planes in order to select the fundamental CPW mode by strongly reducing the unwanted slotline mode. Three numerical codes (HFSS, CST and an indigenously developed code called MAXTRA3D) are used for CPW modeling. Several CPW shapes are investigated showing that ohmic losses are dramatic for small central metallization-ground spacing while radiation losses are dominating for large spacing. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:213-219, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26448 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Microwave Noise Performance and Modeling of SiGe-Based HFETs.
- Author
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Aguilar, Mauro Enciso, Crozat, Paul, Hackbarth, Thomas, Herzog, Hans-Joest, and Aniel, Frédéric
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MICROWAVES ,TRANSISTORS ,HETEROSTRUCTURES ,SEMICONDUCTORS ,TECHNOLOGY ,STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics) - Abstract
Microwave noise performance of SiGe-based heterostructure field effect transistors (HFETs) is presented. Noise parameters for devices with buried channel fabricated on several virtual substrates are discussed. The impact of such strain relieved buffers on device noise performance is estimated by a proper noise dc-embedding technique. Then, the noise properties measured in the 25-18-GHz frequency range are compared with those of other technologies. Noise parameters of SiGe HFETs are simulated using Pospieszalskis and Van Der Ziel's noise models. Some detrimental effects like access resistances and self-heating effects that negatively impact the microwave noise behavior are discussed and some alternatives to overwhelm them are proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. 230-GHz Self-Aligned SiGeC HBT for Optical and Millimeter-Wave Applications.
- Author
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Chevalier, Pascal, Fellous, Cyril, Rubaldo, Laurent, Pourchon, Franck, Pruvost, Sébastien, Beerkens, Rudy, Saguin, Fabienne, Zerounian, Nicolas, Barbalat, Benoît, Lepilliet, Sylvie, Dutartre, Didier, Céli, Didier, Telliez, Isabelle, Gloria, Daniel, Aniel, Frédéric, Danneville, François, and Chantre, Alain
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BIPOLAR transistors ,TRANSISTORS ,BIPOLAR integrated circuits ,ELECTRONICS ,SOLID state electronics ,ELECTRIC circuits ,ELECTRONIC circuits - Abstract
This paper describes a 230-GHz self-aligned SiGeC heterojunction bipolar transistor developed for a 90.nm BiCMOS technology. The technical choices such as the selective epitaxial growth of the base and the use of an arsenic-doped monocrystalline emitter are presented and discussed with respect to BiCMOS performance objectives and integration constraints. DC and high-frequency device performances at room and cryogenic temperatures are given. HICUM model agreement with the measurements is also discussed. Finally, building blocks with state-of-the-art performances for a CMOS compatible technology are presented: A ring oscillator with a minimum stage delay of 4.4 ps and a 40-GHz low-noise amplifier with a noise figure of 3.9 dB and an associated gain of 9.2 dB were fabricated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Coupling 3-D Maxwell's and Boltzmann's Equations for Analyzing a Terahertz Photoconductive Switch.
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Sirbu, Marina, Lepaul, Sébastien B. P., and Aniel, Frédéric
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ELECTRIC conductivity ,PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY ,SWITCHING circuits ,ELECTROMAGNETIC pulses ,MATHEMATICAL models ,DIFFUSION - Abstract
We present a terahertz photoconductive switch analysis. We explain the mechanism that allows the generation of the electromagnetic pulse and the phenomena that model its shape. We outline the main parameters influencing the output "electric pulse." It is necessary to use a full-wave numerical model when the device signal rapidly varies in time. We use the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method to solve the whole equation system (Maxwell's equations and drift-diffusion equations). The three-dimensional variable step mesh allows a realistic space step (25 nm) for the resolution of the carrier transport equations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Energy-Band Structure Of Si, Ge And GaAs Over The Whole Brillouin Zone Via The k.p Method.
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Richard, Soline, Aniel, Frédéric, and Fishman, Guy
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- *
ENERGY-band theory of solids , *SEMICONDUCTORS , *GALLIUM arsenide , *SILICON , *GERMANIUM , *BRILLOUIN zones - Abstract
We show that the k.p method taking into account spin-orbit coupling allows one to account for the band structure of Si, Ge and GaAs over the whole Brillouin zone on an extent of 5 eV above and 6 eV under the top of the valence band. The use of thirty bands provides effective masses in agreement with experimental data both for direct gap semiconductors (GaAs) and for indirect gap semiconductors (Si, Ge). The accuracy for the effective masses of the bottom of conduction band is of the order of one per cent as well for direct gap (GaAs) as for indirect gap (Si, Ge). © 2005 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. fMAXIncrease to 500 GHz of SiGe HBTs at Low Temperature
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Zerounian, Nicolas, Diallo, Mariam, Aniel, Frédéric, Chevalier, Pascal, and Chantre, Alain
- Abstract
SiGe HBTs exhibiting fmax of 400 GHz at room temperature have shown fmax value of 500 GHz at low temperature (30 K). It helps highlighting which are the limiting factors to reach 0.5 THz fmax target of the DotFive European project at room temperature.
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- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Failure mechanisms implementation into SiGe HBT compact model operating close to safe operating area edges
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COURET, Marine, STAR, ABES, Laboratoire de l'intégration, du matériau au système (IMS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1, Université de Bordeaux, Cristell Maneux, Maneux, Cristell, Begueret, Jean-Baptiste, Pascal, Fabien, Aniel, Frédéric, Marc, François, Deltimple, Nathalie, Fischer, Gerhard, and Céli, Didier
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SiGe HBT ,Porteurs chauds ,TBH SiGe ,Compact model ,Hot-Carriers ,Fiabilité ,Reliability ,Modèle compact ,[SPI.TRON] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics ,[SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics - Abstract
In an ever-growing terahertz market, BiCMOS technologies have reached cut-off frequencies beyond 0.5 THz. These dynamic performances are achieved thanks to the current technological improvements in SiGe heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs). However, these increased performances lead to a shift of the transistors bias point closer to, or even beyond, the conventional safe-operating-area (SOA). As a consequence, several "parasitic" physical effects are encountered such as impact-ionization or self-heating which can potentially activate failure mechanisms, hence limiting the long-term reliability of the electric device. In the framework of this thesis, we develop an approach for the description and the modeling of hot-carrier degradation occurring in SiGe HBTs when operating near the SOA edges. The study aims to provide an in-depth characterization of transistors operating under static and dynamic operating conditions. Based on these measurements results, a compact model for the impact-ionization and the self-heating has been proposed, ultimately allowing to extend the validity domain of a commercially available compact model (HiCuM). Considering the operation as close as possible to the SOA, an aging campaign was conducted to figure out the physical origin behind such failure mechanism. As a result, it has been demonstrated that hot-carrier degradation leads to the creation of trap densities at the Si/SiO2interface of the emitter-base spacer which induces an additional recombination current in the base. A compact model integrating aging laws (HiCuM-AL) was developed to predict the evolution of the transistor/circuit electrical parameters through an accelerated aging factor. For ease of use in computer-aided design (CAD) tools, the aging laws have been scaled according to the geometry and architecture of the emitter-base spacer. The model has demonstrated its robustness and its accuracy for different SiGe HBT technologies under various aging conditions. In addition, a study on the reliability of several integrated circuits has been performed leading to a precise location of the most sensitive regions to the hot-carrier degradation mechanism. Thus, the HiCuM-AL model paves the way to perform circuit simulations optimizing the mm-wave circuit design not only in term of sheer performances but also in term of long-term reliability., Afin de répondre au marché florissant des applications térahertz, les filières BiCMOS atteignent désormais des fréquences de coupure supérieures à 0,5 THz. Ces performances dynamiques sont obtenues grâce aux améliorations technologiques apportées aux transistors bipolaires à hétérojonction (TBH) SiGe. Toutefois, cette montée en fréquence à entraîner un décalage du point de polarisation des transistors au plus proche, voir au-delà, de l’aire de sécurité de fonctionnement (SOA). En conséquence, de nombreux effets physiques « parasites » sont présents tel que l’ionisation par impact ou bien l’auto-échauffement pouvant potentiellement activer des mécanismes de défaillance et ainsi limiter la fiabilité à long terme du transistor. Dans le cadre de cette thèse, nous proposons une approche pour la description et la modélisation de la dégradation par porteurs chauds au sein des TBH SiGe fonctionnant aux frontières de la SOA. L’étude est basée sur une caractérisation approfondie en conditions statiques et dynamiques des transistors. Du fait de ses résultats de mesures, une modélisation de l’ionisation par impact et de l’auto-échauffement a été proposé permettant d’étendre, avec précision, le domaine de validité des modèles compact commerciaux (HiCuM). Au-vu du fonctionnement aux limites de la SOA, une campagne de vieillissement a été mise en place afin de mieux cerner l’origine physique de ce mécanisme de défaillance. De ce fait, il a été démontré que la dégradation par porteurs chauds entraîne la création de densités de pièges au niveau de l’interface Si/SiO2del’espaceur émetteur-base induisant un courant de recombinaison supplémentaire dans la base. Un modèle compact intégrant des lois de vieillissement (HiCuM-AL) a été développé prédisant l’évolution des paramètres électriques d’un transistor ou d’un circuit au travers d’un facteur de vieillissement accéléré. Afin de faciliter son utilisation dans des outils de conception assistée par ordinateur (CAO), les lois de vieillissement ont été adaptées en fonction de la géométrie et de l’architecture de l’espaceur émetteur-base. Le modèle a démontré sa robustesse et sa précision pour plusieurs technologies de TBH SiGe et, ce, pour différentes conditions de vieillissement. De plus, une étude de la fiabilité de plusieurs architectures de circuits intégrés a été réalisé menant à une localisation précise des régions les plus sensibles au mécanisme de dégradation par porteurs chauds. Le modèle HiCuM-AL ouvre ainsi la voie à des simulations optimisées pour la conception de circuits millimétriques en termes de performances, mais aussi de fiabilité à long terme.
- Published
- 2020
38. Prédiction de la performance d'une future technologie SiGe HBT à partir de plusieurs outils de simulation et approches
- Author
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ROSENBAUM, Tommy, STAR, ABES, Maneux, Cristell, Schröter, Michael, Céli, Didier, Zimmer, Thomas, Danneville, François, and Aniel, Frédéric
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Medium-voltage (MV) ,Silicon-germanium (SiGe) ,Future technology ,Performance prediction ,Moyenne-tension ,Physical material models ,Compact modeling ,TCAD calibration ,Modèles physiques ,Hydrodynamic (HD) transport ,Technologie future ,High-voltage (HV) ,Boltzmann transport equation (BTE) ,High-speed (HS) ,Bipolar complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (BiCMOS ,Technology computer aided design (TCAD) ,Transistors bipolaires à hétérojonction (HBT) ,International technology roadmap for semiconductors (ITRS) ,Extraction des paramètres scalables ,External resistances ,Calibrage TCAO ,Equation de transport de Boltzmann (BTE) ,Réseau de substrat ,Simulations unidimensionnelle (1D) ,Scalable parameter extraction ,Prédiction de performance ,Silicium-germanium (SiGe) ,One-dimensional (1D) simulations ,[SPI.TRON] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics ,Heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT) ,Haute-vitesse ,Haute-tension ,Modélisation compacte ,Résistances externes ,Bipolaires avec des dispositifs complémentaires métal/oxyde/semi-conducteur (BiCMOS) ,Transport hydrodynamique ,Substrate network ,Technologie de conception assistée par ordinateur (TCAO) ,High current model (HICUM) - Abstract
Bipolare komplementäre Metall-Oxid-Halbleiter (BiCMOS) Prozesse bietenhervorragende Rahmenbedingungen um Hochfrequenzanwendungen zurealisieren, da sie die fortschrittliche Fertigungstechnik von CMOS mit derGeschwindigkeit und Treiberleistung von Silizium-Germanium (SiGe) Heterostruktur-Bipolartransistoren (HBTs) verknüpfen. Zudem sind HBTs bedeutendeWettbewerber für die teilweise Überbrückung der Terahertz-Lücke, derFrequenzbereich zwischen Transistoren (< 0.3 THz) und Lasern (> 30 THz).Um die Leistungsfähigkeit solcher zukünftigen Bauelemente zu bewerten, isteine zuverlässige Methodologie zur Vorhersage notwendig. Die Verwendungeiner heterogenen Zusammenstellung von Simulationstools und Lösungsansätzenerlaubt es dieses Ziel schrittweise zu erreichen und erleichtert die Fehler-_ndung. Verschiedene wissenschaftliche Bereiche werden kombiniert, wie zumBeispiel der rechnergestützte Entwurf für Technologie (TCAD), die Kompaktmodellierungund Parameterextraktion.Die verwendeten Modelle des hydrodynamischen Simulationsansatzes werdenzu Beginn der Arbeit vorgestellt, um die Simulationseinstellung zu erläuternund somit die Nachvollziehbarkeit für den Leser zu verbessern. Die physikalischenModelle basieren hauptsächlich auf Literaturdaten von Monte Carlo(MC) oder deterministischen Simulationen der Boltzmann-Transportgleichung(BTE). Für eine zuverlässige Vorhersage der Eigenschaften von HBTs muss dieTCAD Kon_guration jedoch zusätzlich auf der Grundlage von Messdaten kalibriertwerden. Der zugehörige Ansatz zur Kalibrierung beruht auf Messungeneiner fortschrittlichen SiGe HBT Technologie, für welche ein technologiespezifischer HICUM/L2 Parametersatz für die high-speed, medium-voltage undhigh-voltage Transistoren extrahiert wird. Mit diesen Ergebnissen werden eindimensionaleTransistorcharakteristiken generiert, die als Referenzdaten fürdie Kalibrierung von Dotierungspro_len und physikalischer Modelle genutztwerden. Der ausführliche Vergleich dieser Referenz- und Messdaten mit Simulationengeht über den Stand der Technik TCAD-basierender Vorhersagenhinaus und weist die Machbarkeit des heterogenen Ansatzes nach.Schlieÿlich wird die Leistungsfähigkeit einer zukünftigen Technologie in28nm unter Anwendung der heterogenen Methodik vorhergesagt. Anhand derTCAD Ergebnisse wird auf Engpässe der Technologie hingewiesen., Bipolar complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (BiCMOS) processescan be considered as the most general solution for RF products, as theycombine the mature manufacturing tools of CMOS with the speed and drivecapabilities of silicon-germanium (SiGe) heterojunction bipolar transistors(HBTs). HBTs in turn are major contenders for partially filling the terahertzgap, which describes the range in which the frequencies generated bytransistors and lasers do not overlap (approximately 0.3THz to 30 THz). Toevaluate the capabilities of such future devices, a reliable prediction methodologyis desirable. Using a heterogeneous set of simulation tools and approachesallows to achieve this goal successively and is beneficial for troubleshooting.Various scientific fields are combined, such as technology computer-aided design(TCAD), compact modeling and parameter extraction.To create a foundation for the simulation environment and to ensure reproducibility,the used material models of the hydrodynamic and drift-diffusionapproaches are introduced in the beginning of this thesis. The physical modelsare mainly based on literature data of Monte Carlo (MC) or deterministicsimulations of the Boltzmann transport equation (BTE). However, the TCADdeck must be calibrated on measurement data too for a reliable performanceprediction of HBTs. The corresponding calibration approach is based onmeasurements of an advanced SiGe HBT technology for which a technology specific parameter set of the HICUM/L2 compact model is extracted for thehigh-speed, medium-voltage and high-voltage transistor versions. With thehelp of the results, one-dimensional transistor characteristics are generatedthat serve as reference for the doping profile and model calibration. By performingelaborate comparisons between measurement-based reference dataand simulations, the thesis advances the state-of-the-art of TCAD-based predictionsand proofs the feasibility of the approach.Finally, the performance of a future technology in 28nm is predicted byapplying the heterogeneous methodology. On the basis of the TCAD results,bottlenecks of the technology are identified., Les procédés bipolaires semi-conducteurs complémentaires à oxyde de métal (BiCMOS) peuvent être considérés comme étant la solution la plus généralepour les produits RF car ils combinent la fabrication sophistiquée du CMOSavec la vitesse et les capacités de conduction des transistors bipolaires silicium germanium(SiGe) à hétérojonction (HBT). Les HBTs, réciproquement, sontles principaux concurrents pour combler partiellement l'écart de térahertzqui décrit la plage dans laquelle les fréquences générées par les transistors etles lasers ne se chevauchent pas (environ 0.3 THz à 30 THz). A_n d'évaluerles capacités de ces dispositifs futurs, une méthodologie de prévision fiable estsouhaitable. L'utilisation d'un ensemble hétérogène d'outils et de méthodes desimulations permet d'atteindre successivement cet objectif et est avantageusepour la résolution des problèmes. Plusieurs domaines scientifiques sont combinés, tel que la technologie de conception assistée par ordinateur (TCAO),la modélisation compacte et l'extraction des paramètres.Afin de créer une base pour l'environnement de simulation et d'améliorerla confirmabilité pour les lecteurs, les modèles de matériaux utilisés pour lesapproches hydrodynamiques et de diffusion par conduction sont introduits dèsle début de la thèse. Les modèles physiques sont principalement fondés surdes données de la littérature basées sur simulations Monte Carlo (MC) ou dessimulations déterministes de l'équation de transport de Boltzmann (BTE).Néanmoins, le module de TCAO doit être aussi étalonné sur les données demesure pour une prévision fiable des performances des HBTs. L'approchecorrespondante d'étalonnage est basée sur les mesures d'une technologie depointe de HBT SiGe pour laquelle un ensemble de paramètres spécifiques àla technologie du modèle compact HICUM/L2 est extrait pour les versionsdu transistor à haute vitesse, moyenne et haute tension. En s'aidant de cesrésultats, les caractéristiques du transistor unidimensionnel qui sont généréesservent de référence pour le profil de dopage et l'étalonnage du modèle. Enélaborant des comparaisons entre les données de références basées sur les mesureset les simulations, la thèse fait progresser l'état actuel des prévisionsbasées sur la technologie CAO et démontre la faisabilité de l'approche.Enfin, une technologie future de 28nm performante est prédite en appliquantla méthodologie hétérogène. Sur la base des résultats de TCAO, leslimites de la technologie sont soulignées.
- Published
- 2017
39. Affidabilità di transistori bipolari a etero giunzione SiGe, C operanti a 500 GHz : caratterizzazione e modelli
- Author
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JACQUET, Thomas, STAR, ABES, Maneux, Cristell, Rinaldi, Niccolò, Sanseverino, Annunziata, Anghel, Lorena, Aniel, Frédéric, and Pascal, Fabien
- Subjects
Fiabilité à long-terme ,HBT SiGe:C ,Dégradation par porteur chaud ,Transistori a eterogiunzione SiGe:C ,[SPI.OTHER] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Other ,Portatori ad elevata energia ,Compact modeling ,Modello compatto Unité ,Long-term reliability ,SiGe :C HBT ,Modélisation compact ,Hot carriers degradation - Abstract
The SiGe:C HBT reliability is an important issue in present and future practical applications. To reduce the designtime and increase the robustness of circuit applications, a compact model taking into account aging mechanismactivation has been developed in this thesis. After an aging test campaign and physical TCAD simulations, onemain damage mechanism has been identified. Depending on the bias conditions, hot carriers can be generatedby impact ionization in the base-collector junction and injected into the interfaces of the device where trapdensity can be created, leading to device degradation. This degradation mechanism impacting the EB/spacerinterface has been implemented in the HICUM compact model. This compact model has been used to performreliability studies of a LNA circuit. The CPU simulation time is not impacted by the activation of the degradationcompact model with an increase in computation time lower than 1%. This compact model allows performing areliability analysis with conventional circuit simulators and can be used to assist the design of more robustcircuits, which could help in reducing the design time cycle., Le sujet de cette thèse est l’analyse de la fiabilité des transistors bipolaires à hétérojonction SiGe:C et descircuits intégrés associés. Dans ce but, un modèle compact prenant en compte l’évolution des caractéristiquesdes transistors SiGe:C a été développé. Ce modèle intègre les lois de vieillissement des mécanismes dedéfaillance des transistors identifiés lors des tests de vieillissement. Grâce aux simulations physiques TCADcomplétées par une analyse du bruit basses fréquences, deux mécanismes de dégradations ont été localisés. Eneffet, selon les conditions de polarisation, des porteurs chauds se retrouvent injectés aux interfaces dutransistor. Ces porteurs chauds ont suffisamment d’énergie pour dégrader l’interface en augmentantprogressivement leurs densités de pièges. L’une des deux interfaces dégradées se situe au niveau del’’’espaceur’’ émetteur-base dont l’augmentation de la densité de piège dépend des porteurs chauds créés parionisation par impact. L’autre interface dégradée se situe entre le silicium et le STI dont l’augmentation dedensité de pièges dépend des porteurs chauds générés par ionisation par impact et/ou par génération Auger.En se basant sur ces résultats, une loi de vieillissement a été incorporée dans le modèle compact HICUM. Enutilisant ce modèle, l’étude de l’impact des mécanismes de défaillance sur un circuit amplificateur faible bruit aété menée. Cette étude a montré que le modèle compact intégrant les lois de vieillissement offre la possibilitéd’étudier la fiabilité d’un circuit complexe en utilisant les outils de conception standard permettant ainsi dediminuer le temps de conception global., L’affidabilità dei transistori a eterogiunzione SiGe:C è un aspetto molto importante nella progettazione circuitale,sia per le tecnologie attuali che per quelle in fase di sviluppo. In questo lavoro di tesi è stato sviluppato un modellocompatto in grado di descrivere i principali meccanismi di degrado, in modo da contribuire alla progettazione dicircuiti relativamente più robusti rispetto a tali fenomeni, ciò che potrebbe favorire una riduzione dei tempi diprogetto. A seguito di una campagna sperimentale e di un’analisi con tecniche TCAD, è stato identificato unmeccanismo principale di degrado. In particolari condizioni di polarizzazione, i portatori ad elevata energiagenerati per ionizzazione a impatto nella regione di carica spaziale, possono raggiungere alcune interfacce deldispositivo e ivi provocare la formazione di trappole. Solo la generazione di trappole relativa allo spaceremettitore-base è stata considerata nella formulazione del modello, essendo il fenomeno più rilevante. Ilmodello è stato utilizzato per effettuare alcuni studi di affidabilità di un amplificatore a basso rumore. Il tempocomputazionale non è significativamente influenzato dall’attivazione del modello di degrado, aumentando solodell’1%. Il modello sviluppato è compatibile con i comuni programmi di simulazione circuitale, e può essereimpiegato nella progettazione di circuiti con una migliore immunità rispetto ai fenomeni di degrado,contribuendo così a un riduzione dei tempi di progetto.
- Published
- 2016
40. Modélisation physique de la structure électronique, du transport et de l'ionisation par choc dans les matériaux IV-IV massifs, contraints et dans les puits quantiques
- Author
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Richard, Soline, Institut d'électronique fondamentale (IEF), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, and Aniel Frédéric
- Subjects
structure électronique ,théorie k.p ,HFET Si/SiGe/Ge ,transport ,ionisation par choc ,puits quantiques ,densité d'états ,diode IMPATT ,[PHYS.COND]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat] ,électroluminescence - Abstract
This PhD thesis is devoted to the study of physical phenomena in SiGe devices involving high energy carriers which can induce impact ionization. A thirty-band k.p method has been developed to model energy band diagrams of bulk and strained Si, Ge and SiGe alloys on the whole Brillouin zone in a large energy range (11 eV around the band gap). This method gives access to the Luttinger parameters and the conduction band effective masses with a very good accuracy. Associated with an envelop function algorithm, the band diagrams of SiGe quantum wells have been obtained in the valence and in the conduction band. From these band diagrams, carrier densities of states are obtained in bulk and strained semiconductors and in quantum wells. Hole density of state masses in bulk and strained SiGe alloys have been calculated as a function of crystal temperature. Chapter 4 is devoted to transport study in SiGe alloys with a matrix resolution of the Boltzmann transport equation. From the density of state masses, hole mean mobilities are calculated in SiGe alloys. From high electric field transport simulation, impact ionization coefficients have been evaluated for electrons in strained Si and for holes in strained Ge. Electroluminescence measurements have been performed on Si/SiGe and Ge/SiGe HFETs. These data give access to experimental study of impact ionization.; Ce travail est consacré à l'étude des phénomènes physiques dans les composants à base d'alliage SiGe en présence de fort champ électrique donc mettant en jeu des porteurs très énergétiques susceptibles d'induire de l'ionisation par choc. A l'aide d'une méthode k.p à 30 bandes, nous avons modélisé les structures électroniques complètes du Si, du Ge et des alliages Si1-xGex massifs et contraints sur une large gamme d'énergie (11 eV autour de la bande interdite) avec une très grande précision sur les paramètres de Luttinger ou les masses effectives. Associée au formalisme de la fonction enveloppe, cette méthode nous a fourni les relations de dispersion des sous-bandes en bande de valence et de conduction de puits quantiques à base d'alliages SiGe. Pour intégrer les structures électroniques dans la simulation du transport, nous avons calculé les densités d'états pour des structures électroniques 3D et 2D. Nous avons aussi obtenu les masses de densité d'états en fonction de la température dans les alliages SiGe massifs et contraints sur Si. Le chapitre 4 est consacré à l'étude du transport dans les alliages SiGe à partir d'une résolution déterministe de l'équation de Boltzmann. A l'aide des masses de densité d'états, nous avons calculé les mobilités moyennes des trous dans le SiGe. A partir de la simulation du transport à fort champ électrique des électrons dans le Si contraint sur SiGe et des trous dans le Ge contraint sur SiGe, nous avons obtenu les coefficients d'ionisation par choc dans ces matériaux. Des mesures d'électroluminescence réalisées sur des HFET à base d'alliages SiGe ont permis de remonter à quelques propriétés de l'ionisation par choc dans ces composants.
- Published
- 2004
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