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In the German-speaking context, there are only a few studies dealing with the transition from family to kindergarten. The aim of this study is to identify the determinants of a 'successful transition', more specifically the multidimensional adjustment of children to kindergarten. Based on an ecological view, the focus is set on determining factors within the child, the family as well as the institutional and classroom context (multilevel model). Three months after the kindergarten entry of the first-year kindergarteners (N = 255), their parents and kindergarten teachers answered a survey. German school language comprehension of the children between 4 and 5 years was evaluated using a standardized test. All variables were assessed cross-sectionally. As predicted, the determinants are with primary emphasis on the individual level of characteristics, competencies and socialisation experiences of the child. Especially the child's self-care skills turn out to be strongly associated with the social-adaptive behavior in kindergarten. Besides that, the child's language comprehension, behavior problems, the presence of formerly known children, and in part child's gender and the pensum of external childcare before kindergarten entry are associated with adjustment. Factors with little significance are the child's age, the educational background of the family and the quantity of transition practices as implemented by the kindergarten teachers before kindergarten started. The results provide indications that help to promote this transition and they also reveal possible risk constellations at this early stage of children's formal school career. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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In the history of cattle farming in mountain areas such as the Alps there has been a selection and use of breeds based on functionality and adaptability to local conditions. However, modern livestock production, driven by demand rather than local constraints, also in mountain areas, has led to a transition from traditional multipurpose breeds to specialized breeds in resource intensive farming systems. This is also due to the way in which the milk-related support schemes under the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) have been established. To counter this trend and preserve genetic biodiversity the various national breeding associations of Italian dual-purpose cattle breeds have launched the DUAL BREEDING project aimed at describing and valorising local breeds for promoting their breeding and preserving biodiversity. The aim of the present study was to characterize the milk composition and technological properties to quantify the economic profitability of different local dual-purpose cattle breeds, taking into consideration the pricing scenario of the alpine province of South Tyrol as a case of study. Secondly, milk data were used to analyse the occurrence of ketosis/acidosis within breeds. Results reveal the deficiencies of local breeds in terms of milk composition parameters (fat, protein) which are mostly recognized in the milk-payment systems of dairy cooperatives compared to specialized dairy breeds. Therefore, additional support in form of subsidies to promote their continued use on small-scale mountain farms should be continued, as they provide various non-material functions, such as several ecosystem services (e.g., landscape conservation, cultural heritage) and consent a site-oriented and thus a circular production chain due to their good adaptability to local conditions. In addition, the phenotypic specificity of the narrow fat-protein ratio for some local breeds biases the assessment of metabolic status through milk data. Consequently, to use Fat-Protein-Ratio (FPR) as an indicator of health status, appropriate FPR thresholds and/or machine learning methods should be applied to determine the cut-offs for dual-purpose breeds that may indicate health problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The primary aim of this investigation was to examine the morphological diversity of leaves in naturally occurring populations of common hornbeam (Carpinus betulus L.) in Türkiye. Twelve common hornbeam populations, distributed over four distinct watersheds in the Eastern Black Sea Region, were sampled from three altitude levels, ranging from sea level to 1200 meters. Nine morphological characteristics of the leaves were analyzed biometrically. We found a high degree of phenotypic heterogeneity both within and among the investigated populations. The eco-geographic principle's classification of populations was disclosed. Altitude appeared to be the primary factor influencing variation in the majority of leaf attributes from the Camlıhemşin, Çaykara, and Espiye watersheds. Compared to trees at lower altitude, trees at higher altitudes were characterized by smaller leaves. The populations in the Trabzon-Maçka watershed, however, did not show this trend. Largest leaves were observed for trees from the Trabzon-Maçka watershed region at the second altitude level. Overall, our findings support the notion that the Eastern Black Sea area is a hotspot of biodiversity and that the intricate evolutionary process leading to leaf morphological variability may be a consequence of adaptation and plasticity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This paper explores some features of the theoretical and clinical problem of narcissism in the light of Bion's model of the mind, with particular reference to the distinction between narcissism and 'social-ism'. This model is compared and contrasted to Jung's speculations on the relationship between adaptation and individuation as a process implying a sense of guilt. Jung's highlighting of the element of guilt is directly connected to his subjective experience depicted in the Red Book in the episode of the 'Murder of the hero'. Aspects of pathological narcissism are also explored in the paper, through briefly analysing some passages of Pasolini's movie Salò or the 120 days of Sodom. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The author reflects on his choice of profession in the context of parental and societal influences. Psychotherapy has always been a reflection of social conditions too. Does psychotherapy support the emancipation of the individual or his adaptation? The theoretical and practical differences from 40 years of medical- psychotherapeutic practice in the DDR and in the united Germany will be reflected. Here, psychotherapy is understood as a unique intersubjective relationship process, which has to be lived without theoretical narrowing, with multimodal practice and with never ending self-experience of the therapist. For the author, »Psychotherapie als Lebensweg« is the basis for the struggle for dignity for both patient and therapist. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Climate and weather are decisive factors for plant protection. Already 100 years ago, scientists dedicated themselves to this topic in the newsletter of the German Plant Protection Service. The effects of climate change are ambivalent and there will be an overall change in the pest spectrum. Damage caused by insects, pathogens and heat-tolerant weeds will tend to be favoured. The risk of invasive species becoming established increases. Similarly, the effectiveness of biological crop protection may be compromised and new methods may be required. In the case of chemical pesticides, the spectrum of active substances will shift and the demands on application technology and timing will increase. Heavy rains can increase the risk of pesticide run-off into the environment. There may be increased infestation with storage pests already in the field in Central Europe too, and the quality and storage stability of harvested products may decline. Overall, the importance of preventive plant protection measures will increase. The consequences of climate change increase operational and economic risks and pose considerable challenges for all levels of stakeholders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present pilot study focuses on the adaptive processes of babies who are placed during their first months of life. It used an ethological approach to explore the behavioural adjustment of 19 infants from their arrival in placement through their first 6 weeks in Residential Care (RC; France), a Foster Family (FF; Québec) or an Infant–Mother Centre (IMC; Québec). Direct observations were conducted once a week during feeding sessions. Observed behaviours were as follows: sleep–wake state, self‐soothing, burp, visual exploration, motor activity, facial and vocal expressions. Then, a Kruskal–Wallis test was conducted to examine differences in babies' adaption as a function of placement setting. Results showed that, in RC, the duration of the post‐feeding phase is the shortest. Moreover, these institutionalized babies showed the most modes of self‐protection and the fewest vocalizations. By contrast, babies placed in the IMC spent the least time in withdrawal, expressed motor activity more regularly and were never placed back in their recliner before burping. Larger differences appear comparing placement in RC and that in the IMC, the placement in FF showing intermediate results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Grundwasser is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Klimatische Veränderungen haben mit hoher Wahrscheinlichkeit einen Einfluss auf die menschliche Gesundheit. Studien zeigen bereits die Auswirkungen, die zukünftig vermutlich noch an Relevanz gewinnen werden. Multikausale Zusammenhänge erschweren aber detaillierte Aussagen zu den künftigen Auswirkungen klimatischer Veränderungen auf die Gesundheit. Trotz Unsicherheiten kommt den Anpassungsmaßnahmen zur Reduzierung der Folgen des Klimawandels auf Morbidität und Mortalität eine hohe Bedeutung zu. It can be assumed that climatic change has probably an impact on human health. Scientific studies are already showing the first effects, which are likely to become even more relevant in the future. Multi-causal relationships, however, make detailed statements on the future effects of climatic changes on health more difficult. Despite uncertainties, adaptation to reduce the effects of climate change on morbidity and mortality are of particular importance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Verursacht durch den Klimawandel steigen die Temperaturen und belasten die Bewohner unserer Städte. Nicht alle Menschen leiden gleich unter Hitze. Alter und Armut können zu intensiverer Belastung führen. Die Stadtplanung ist gefragt, dieser Problematik entgegenzuwirken. Das vorliegende Projekt stellt eine Methodik vor, die Rückschlüsse auf das gesundheitliche Risiko durch Hitze besonderer Gruppen erlaubt, demografische, sozioökonomische und Klimadaten kombiniert und Planungshinweise gibt. Cities and citizens are increasingly suffering from raising temperatures due to climate change. Heat does not affect all people equally. Age and poverty can increase the impact. Particularly urban planning is asked to come up with solutions for this dilemma. This project introduces a method combining demographic, socioeconomic and climate data, allowing to draw conclusions on heat induced health risks while giving recommendations for adapted urban planning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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