Search

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-29T08:40:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-01-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of including a xylanase + β-glucanase enzyme product in corn–soy-based diets on performance, caecal short-chain fatty acids and thermal profile, ileal digestibility, and intestinal kinetics of broiler chickens. A total of 744 male day-old chicks were randomly allotted to 24 floor pens and distributed in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with low or standard energy level × without or with 100 g of the enzyme per ton of feed. Enzyme supplementation improved bodyweight gain from 1 to 21 d (P < 0.05). An increased caecal concentration of acetic acid was observed when the enzyme was added to the low-energy diet (P < 0.05). The pH of the caecal content was reduced (P < 0.01), and the caecal temperature was increased by low-energy diets (P < 0.05). The apparent ileal digestibility of energy was improved by the enzyme (P < 0.01). The addition of the enzyme increased the mean retention time in the distal ileum (P < 0.05). In summary, the addition of a xylanase + β-glucanase enzyme product in corn-based diets increases the retention time of digesta in the distal ileum and the caecal acetic acid concentration, improves ileal digestibility of energy and performance from 1 to 21 d in broiler chickens fed corn–soy-based diets. Department of Breeding and Animal Nutrition College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science São Paulo State University, São Paulo Department of Breeding and Animal Nutrition College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science São Paulo State University, São Paulo FAPESP: 2015/26623-0

This study aimed to assess the effects of environmental temperature and age of broilers on the energy value of corn. A total of 288 Cobb 500 chicks were distributed in a complete randomized design with a split-plot arrangement and six replications of six chicks each. The main plot consisted of three temperatures (cold: 18 ºC; thermoneutral: 25 ºC; and hot: 33 ºC), while the secondary plot consisted of age (initial: 11 to 14 days; growing: 25 to 28 days; and final: 39 to 42 days). The basal diet was based on corn and soybean meal. The test diet was produced by replacing the basal diet for test food: 40% corn + 60% basal diet. The mean values of AMEn observed for broiler chicks under cold, thermoneutral, and hot temperatures were 3322, 3279, and 3233 kcal/kg of natural matter, respectively, and 3215, 3218, and 3400 kcal/ kg of natural matter for the initial, growing, and final phases, respectively. Overall, the metabolizable energy values of corn and the balance and coefficients of metabolizability of nutrients in the test diet increased with the broiler age, but the true metabolizable energies of corn were not affected by environmental temperature. The balance and coefficients of metabolizability of nutrients in the test diet decreased due to heat exposure during the growing and final phases. Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar o efeito da temperatura ambiente e da idade da ave sobre o valor energético do milho. Foram utilizados 288 pintos de corte, da linhagem Cobb 500, distribuídos em delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado em esquema de parcelas subdivididas no tempo, sendo as parcelas as três temperaturas de criação (fria: 18 ºC; termoneutra: 25 ºC e quente: 33 ºC) e as subparcelas as três idades de avaliação (inicial: 11 a 14; crescimento: 25 a 28 e final: 39 a 42 dias), com seis repetições de seis aves cada. A dieta basal foi composta por milho e farelo de soja. A dieta teste foi produzida substituindo a dieta basal pelo alimento teste: 40% de milho + 60% da dieta basal. Encontraram-se valores médios de energia metabolizável aparente, corrigida pelo balanço de nitrogênio (EMAn) do milho, para aves criadas em 18 ºC; 25 ºC e 33 ºC de 3322, 3279 e 3233 kcal/kg de matéria natural, respectivamente, e para as fases de 11 a 14; 25 a 28 e 39 a 42 dias de 3215, 3218 e 3400 kcal/kg de matéria natural, respectivamente. De um modo geral, os valores de energia metabolizável do milho, os balanços e os coeficientes de metabolizabilidade dos nutrientes da dieta teste aumentam com a idade do frango de corte, porém as energias metabolizáveis verdadeiras do milho não foram afetadas pela temperatura ambiente. Os balanços e os coeficientes de metabolizabilidade dos nutrientes da dieta teste foram reduzidos em estresse por calor para aves na fase de crescimento e final.

Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T10:44:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-12-01 The objective of this study was to evaluate the productive performance and quality of eggs and bones of Japanese quails that received different dietary electrolyte balance (EB) and were submitted to thermoneutrality or heat stress conditions. Eight hundred Japanese quails of 21 days of age were selected and distributed randomly in two bioclimatic chambers: thermoneutral chamber (23 °C ± 2 °C) and heat-stress chamber (33 °C ± 2 °C). The treatments were in a 2 × 5 factorial arrangement, with two temperatures and five EB levels (165, 215, 265, 315, 365 mEq/kg) with four replicates of 20 birds each. The productive performance and egg quality (in 3 cycles of 21 days) were measured. At 105 days old, the bone quality was evaluated. Data were analyzed by Minitab, and the means were compared by Tukey’s test and regression test for levels (P < 0.05). Quails submitted to thermoneutrality showed better performance and egg and bone quality. The highest production rate was the EB level of 265 mEq/kg. Low values of EB (165 and 215 mEq/kg) and high values (365) impaired egg quality, and the ideal was 315 mEq/kg. Lower levels of balance provided poor bone density. In conclusion, the results of this study indicated that heat stress impairs the production and quality of quail eggs and bones. Furthermore, by using intermediate EB levels (265 and 315) mEq/kg, it is possible to improve egg production and egg quality, and using high levels increases bone mineral density. School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science Department of Breeding and Animal Nutrition São Paulo State University (UNESP) School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science Department of Breeding and Animal Nutrition São Paulo State University (UNESP)

Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-11T17:15:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2017-07-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2021-07-15T15:03:29Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S1516-635X2017000300497.pdf: 139285 bytes, checksum: bb5b9656204cd89bc705a58fe56824e8 (MD5) The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of phytogenic additives (PA) and organic acids (OA), alone or in combination, on the performance, intestinal histomorphometry and lipid oxidation, and immune responses of broiler chickens. In this experiment, 820 one-day-old chicks were distributed according to a completely randomized design in a 2 × 2 + 1 factorial arrangement, with four replicates of 41 broilers each. The dietary treatments consisted of a control diet with no PA or OA (CD); CD with OA and no PA (CD+OA-PA); CD with PA and no OA (CD+PA-CD); CD with both PA and OA (CD+PA+CD); and CD + avilamycin + monesin sodium. Broiler performance was not affected by the alternative feed additives, except from 1 to 21 days, when broilers fed the CD or CD+PA+OA diets showed higher body weight gain than those fed the CD with only OA. The broilers fed the diet containing avilamycin and monensin presented better performance. The supplementation of PA and OA increased bursalcortical area on 21 and 42 days post-hatch. On 21 days post-hatch, broilers fed the AGP diet presented higher ileal villus height than those fed the control diet. The pH values of the jejunum content were reduced on the OA-fed chickens. Higher villus height and crypt depth were found in the alternative additive-fed chickens on 7 days post-hatch. On 42 days post-hatch, the percentage of the bursal cortex increased in PA-fed broilers; however, there was no increase in antibody production. The PA-fed chickens presented lower thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) values in the small intestine. The dietary supplementation of phytogenic additives, individually or in combination associated with organic acids, does not affect broiler live performance or intestinal histomorphometry; however, it enhances immune responses and intestinal quality. São Paulo State University (UNESP) Botucatu Department of Breeding and Animal Nutrition São Paulo State University (UNESP) Botucatu Department of Breeding and Animal Nutrition

Summary We aimed to study the behaviour of tissue renewal in blood, pectoral muscle and keel of fattening quails during their growth and adulthood through carbon-13 turnover using the stable isotope technique. Three hundred male European quails were randomly subjected to six treatments. Diets fed to animals were initially based on corn and soybean meal and were replaced at 0, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 days of age with diets of rice grits and soybean meal. These diets have distinct isotopic signals and over time it changes; the tissue will incorporate dietary signal, and then, we can measure the return time for each tissue in each age. Treatments were T1 (0 to 21 days), T2 (7 to 35 days), T3 (14 to 42 days), T4 (21 to 56 days), T5 (28 to 63 days) and T6 (35 to 70 days). Carbon-13 turnover in tissues of the birds at the above-mentioned time periods was calculated using the first-order exponential function. The values of half-lives were 2.6, 3.6, 5.4, 6.3, 9.0 and 9.8 days for blood and 2.0, 1.7, 4.8, 6.7, 6.9 and 6.6 days for pectoral muscle in treatments T1, T2, T3, T4, T5 and T6 respectively. The half-lives for the keel in treatments T2, T3, T4, T5 and T6 were 2.0, 5.4, 7.7, 8.9 and 15 days respectively. Thus, half-life in sampled tissues generally increased with age of birds. Initially, the tissue half-lives are influenced by growth, and at the end of the growth cycle, the breast muscle tissue was the most metabolically active in either periods, followed by blood and the keel. All tissues showed a sigmoidal growth curve, which can be confirmed by half-life as a function of age.

Made available in DSpace on 2019-10-06T16:36:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-01-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2019-10-09T18:35:29Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S1516-635X2019000100302.pdf: 342098 bytes, checksum: 934f723d32760d4e8c4f7ae52879821a (MD5) The objective of this study was to determine if lipid extraction processes alter the isotopic value of δ13C and δ15N of tissues (pectoral muscle, thigh and liver) and eggs and if the use of anticoagulants interferes with blood and plasma δ13C and δ15N isotopic values. Samples were acquired from the same flock of birds. The 32 egg samples were randomly divided into four treatments (liquid, dehydrated, and fat-extracted with ether or chloroform + methanol) with eight replicates each. The 24 samples of pectoral muscle, thigh muscle and liver of broilers were randomly divided into three treatments (dehydrated, fat-extracted with ether and chloroform + methanol) with eight replicates each. Blood samples were divided into a 3x3 factorial arrangement with three physical forms (liquid, oven-dried or freeze-dried) and three collection methods (with no anticoagulant, with EDTA or heparin). Plasma samples were distributed in a 3x2 factorial arrangement, with three physical forms (liquid, ovendried, or freeze-dried) and two anticoagulants (EDTA or heparin). The obtained isotopic results were submitted to the multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and univariate (ANOVA, complemented by Tukey’ test), using the GLM procedure of the statistical program SAS (1996) or Minitab 16. The results show that it is possible to use the evaluated methods of fat extraction, drying and anticoagulants in the isotopic analyses of carbon-13 and nitrogen-15 in chicken tissues. Departamento de Melhoramento e Nutrição Animal da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia da UNESP Centro de Isótopos Estáveis Carlos Ducatti do Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu da UNESP Departamento Produção e Melhoramento Vegetal da Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas da UNESP Departamento de Melhoramento e Nutrição Animal da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia da UNESP Centro de Isótopos Estáveis Carlos Ducatti do Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu da UNESP Departamento Produção e Melhoramento Vegetal da Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas da UNESP

Made available in DSpace on 2019-10-06T16:46:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-01-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) This study evaluated the effect of three phytases in reduced nonphytate phosphorus (NPP) diets. In total, 2100 male Cobb 500® chicks were distributed in a completely randomized design. Ten experimental diets were used: NPP1 reduction of 0.12% NPP plus phytase A, B, C, or without; NPP2 reduction of 0.22% NPP plus phytase A, B, C, or without; positive control diet, attending nutrient requirements; negative control diet, deficit of 0.10% NPP. The 2 × 4 + 2 (two levels NPP, three phytases or without, and two controls) design was used, and the means were compared by Tukey’s or Dunnet’s (p < 0.05) tests. There were significant interactions on day 21 for weight gain (p < 0.01), feed conversion ratio (p < 0.01), and day 35 for weight gain (p < 0.01), feed intake (p < 0.01), feed conversion ratio (p < 0.01), European production efficiency factor (p < 0.01), and it was shown that three phytases in NPP1 diet had the same result as positive control (PC) diet. NPP2 diets without phytase promoted high calcium (p < 0.01) and low phosphorus (p < 0.01) in plasma, and the significant interaction showed higher activity for alkaline phosphatase (p = 0.023). The significant interactions for resistance (p = 0.001) and ash (p < 0.01) of femur indicate that inclusion of phytases in diet NPP1 improved the availability of minerals, suggesting that this reduction plus phytase would be enough for better results. São Paulo State University (UNESP) School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science Department of Breeding and Animal Nutrition São Paulo State University (UNESP) School of Agriculture Department of Crop Science São Paulo State University (UNESP) School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences Department of Technology São Paulo State University (UNESP) School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science Department of Breeding and Animal Nutrition São Paulo State University (UNESP) School of Agriculture Department of Crop Science São Paulo State University (UNESP) School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences Department of Technology FAPESP: 2014/27175-8

This paper shows the possibility of obtaining new parameters for the mathematical modelling of data on stable isotopes in biological systems and its application in obtaining data on metabolic pools of blood plasma, blood serum, liver and muscle of broilers. This theory states that the modelling of turnover used for studies of isotopic incorporation when the metabolism has a single metabolic pool is feasible by the technique of setting an exponential. However, when the metabolism has more than one metabolic pool, it is necessary to apply the linearization technique, linear regression adjustment and evaluation of the assumptions of regression to obtain the kinetic parameters such as half-life (T1/2) and isotope exchange rate (k). The application of this technique on carbon-13 data from 100 one-day-old chicks, with the change of diet composed of grains of the photosynthetic cycle of plants from C4 to C3, in broilers has enabled the discovery that the liver, blood plasma and blood serum have a single metabolic pool; however, the pectoral muscle has two metabolic pools. For the liver, blood plasma and blood serum, the half-life values were found by the exponential fit being T1/2 = 1.4 days with the rate of exchange of k = 0.502, T1/2 = 2.4 days with k = 0.293 and T1/2 = 2.0 days with k = 0.348, respectively. For the pectoral muscle, after linearization, the half-life values were found for T1/2(1) = 1.7 and T1/2(2) = 3 days, with exchange rates of k1 = 0.405 and k2 = 0.235, representing approximately 66 and 34%, respectively.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-09-30T18:18:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2014-04-01Bitstream added on 2014-10-01T14:03:35Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S0102-09352014000200028.pdf: 1530728 bytes, checksum: 9600cab4a9de10f19474844298ebc928 (MD5) O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as interações e os efeitos da utilização de gordura de abatedouro avícola (gordura de frango) e de óleo de soja com níveis de inclusão de 2 e 4% em dietas para frangos de corte. Foram conduzidos dois experimentos com pintos de corte de um dia de idade, machos, da linhagem Cobb, alojados num delineamento inteiramente ao acaso em esquema fatorial 2x2. No primeiro experimento utilizaram-se 560 aves para avaliar o desempenho e as características de carcaça. No segundo experimento foram alojadas 100 aves para determinar o aproveitamento dos nutrientes e da energia da dieta, e também a atividade de lipase e amilase pancreática. Não houve interações entre as fontes lipídicas e os níveis de inclusão para nenhuma das variáveis analisadas, com exceção do coeficiente de metabolizabilidade da matéria seca (CMMS), que foi maior nas dietas com inclusão de 2% de óleo de soja em relação à gordura de frango. A inclusão de 4% de lipídios na dieta, independente da fonte lipídica, melhorou o coeficiente de metabolizabilidade do extrato etéreo (CMEE) e aumentou o ganho de peso e o consumo de ração das aves. Ainda, na fase inicial, a adição de 4% de lipídios na dieta aumentou a atividade de lipase em relação às dietas com inclusões de 2%, observando-se uma correlação positiva entre o CMEE e a atividade de lipase pancreática. Como conclusão, não há interação entre as fontes lipídicas e os níveis de inclusão estudados, com ressalva para o CMMS. As características de carcaça não são influenciadas por nenhum dos fatores estudados. A adição de 4% de lipídio aumenta a atividade de lipase pancreática e melhora o CMEE, refletindo em maior ganho de peso das aves, indiferentemente da fonte lipídica testada, o que torna a gordura de frango uma boa alternativa ao óleo de soja. This research aimed to evaluate the interactions and effects of 2 and 4% addition levels of poultry slaughterhouse fat (chicken tallow) and soybean oil in diets for broiler chickens. Two experiments were carried out using one-day-old male Cobb chicks in an entirely random design with a 2x2 factorial scheme. In the first experiment, 560 chicks were used to evaluate performance and carcass characteristics. In the second experiment, 100 chicks were used to determine the nutrient digestibility, dietary energy utilization and the lipase and amylase pancreatic activity. There was no interaction between the fat sources and the addition levels for any of the analyzed variables, except for the digestibility coefficient of dry matter (DCDM), which was higher in diets added with 2% soybean oil when compared to chicken tallow. The addition of 4% fat in the diet, regardless of fat source, improved the digestibility coefficient of ethereal extract (DCEE) and increased weight gain and feed intake. Moreover, in the initial phase, the addition of 4% fat to the diet increased lipase activity when compared to diets with 2% addition, and a positive correlation between DCEE and pancreatic lipase activity was observed. In conclusion, there is no interaction between fat sources and addition levels, except for DCDM. Carcass characteristics are not influenced by any of the studied factors. The addition of 4% fat increases pancreatic lipase activity and improves DCEE, resulting in greater weight gain, regardless of the tested fat source, making chicken tallow a great alternative to soybean oil. Universidade Estadual Paulista Universidade de São Paulo Universidade Estadual Paulista

Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-11T17:09:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2016-10-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2019-10-09T18:30:49Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S1516-635X2016000400719.pdf: 318730 bytes, checksum: 62e445b20f7c46f9332144629016cae6 (MD5) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) The objective of this study was to evaluate the process of L-methionine incorporation in the blood plasma, liver, breast muscle, and abdominal fat of 35- to 59-d-old broiler chickens using the carbon stable isotope (12C and 13C) technique for the estimation of methionine requirements. In this experiment, 51 male broiler chickens orally received a solution of L-[13C1] methionine (92 atm % 13C) at 29 µmol/kg live weight/h for 6 h. Three birds were sacrificed for tissue collection at times 0 h (control), 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96, 120, 144, 168, and 336 h after the administration of the first dose. Tissue L-[13C1] methionine incorporation mass and percentage results were analyzed using Minitab 16 statistical software. Except for abdominal fat, tissue methionine levels gradually increased after the administration of the methionine solution. The calculated half-lives of methionine in the blood plasma, liver, and breast muscle were 2.52, 1.36, and 3.57 h, respectively, suggesting a greater rate of methionine incorporation in the liver, followed by blood plasma and breast muscle. The isotopic dilution showed that 2.81, 4.79, and 23.64% of the administered L-methionine were retained in the blood plasma, liver, and breast muscle, respectively. The methionine requirements of finisher broilers may be estimated using the carbon isotope technique, and approximately 3, 5, and 24% methionine is used for the synthesis of blood plasma, liver, and breast muscle, respectively, at the evaluated dose. FMVZ/UNESP Center of Nuclear Energy in Agriculture CENA/USP Department of Physics and Biophysics IBB/UNESP Department of Genetic Improvement and Animal Nutrition FMVZ/UNESP FMVZ/UNESP Department of Physics and Biophysics IBB/UNESP Department of Genetic Improvement and Animal Nutrition FMVZ/UNESP FAPESP: 07/57776-0

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T18:40:20Z No. of bitstreams: 1 S1516-635X2012000100009.pdf: 1097992 bytes, checksum: 94c4a70bf3fbaec1eb1a2f2d4c4d1d33 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T18:40:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 S1516-635X2012000100009.pdf: 1097992 bytes, checksum: 94c4a70bf3fbaec1eb1a2f2d4c4d1d33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T19:25:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S1516-635X2012000100009.pdf: 1097992 bytes, checksum: 94c4a70bf3fbaec1eb1a2f2d4c4d1d33 (MD5) S1516-635X2012000100009.pdf.txt: 23349 bytes, checksum: 5360899807bf87c9bf312f066e78ded0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:49:27Z No. of bitstreams: 2 S1516-635X2012000100009.pdf: 1097992 bytes, checksum: 94c4a70bf3fbaec1eb1a2f2d4c4d1d33 (MD5) S1516-635X2012000100009.pdf.txt: 23349 bytes, checksum: 5360899807bf87c9bf312f066e78ded0 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:49:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S1516-635X2012000100009.pdf: 1097992 bytes, checksum: 94c4a70bf3fbaec1eb1a2f2d4c4d1d33 (MD5) S1516-635X2012000100009.pdf.txt: 23349 bytes, checksum: 5360899807bf87c9bf312f066e78ded0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-01 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) The objective of this study was to verify if the dietary inclusion of sugarcane yeast at levels commonly used in broiler diets influences the traceability of cattle meat meal and poultry offal meal, using the technique of stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes in the breast muscle of chickens. A number of 325 one-d-old male broilers were randomly distributed into 13 treatments with 25 birds each. Treatments consisted of a control diet based on corn and soybean meal, and the inclusion of 1, 2, 4, or 6% meat and bone meal, poultry offal meal or sugarcane yeast. At 42 days of age, six birds per treatment were randomly selected, sacrificed, and their breast muscle was collected for isotopic ration analysis. The isotopic ratio of birds fed the diet with inclusion of 6% sugarcane yeast was different from those fed the control treatment, but not from those fed diets with the inclusion of 2, 4 and 6% meat and bone meal or 4 and 6% poultry offal meal. The inclusion of 6% sugarcane yeast in broiler diets based on corn and soybean meal may affect the traceability of animal by product meals. Universidade Estadual Paulista Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária eZootecnia Universidade Estadual Paulista Instituto de Biociências Centro de Isótopos estáveis Universidade Estadual Paulista Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária eZootecnia Universidade Estadual Paulista Instituto de Biociências Centro de Isótopos estáveis FAPESP: 08 / 57411-4

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T18:47:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 S0100-204X2011000300010.pdf: 320415 bytes, checksum: bbc3e1c4f013f1733e4c11255d59397f (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T18:47:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 S0100-204X2011000300010.pdf: 320415 bytes, checksum: bbc3e1c4f013f1733e4c11255d59397f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-03-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T19:36:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0100-204X2011000300010.pdf: 320415 bytes, checksum: bbc3e1c4f013f1733e4c11255d59397f (MD5) S0100-204X2011000300010.pdf.txt: 42727 bytes, checksum: 20aded096e4088abe7cab6c540f69973 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-03-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:40:22Z No. of bitstreams: 2 S0100-204X2011000300010.pdf: 320415 bytes, checksum: bbc3e1c4f013f1733e4c11255d59397f (MD5) S0100-204X2011000300010.pdf.txt: 42727 bytes, checksum: 20aded096e4088abe7cab6c540f69973 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:40:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0100-204X2011000300010.pdf: 320415 bytes, checksum: bbc3e1c4f013f1733e4c11255d59397f (MD5) S0100-204X2011000300010.pdf.txt: 42727 bytes, checksum: 20aded096e4088abe7cab6c540f69973 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-03-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Alagoas (FAPEAL) O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos de dietas com diferentes relações entre ácidos graxos poliinsaturados ômega-6 e ômega-3 nos parâmetros hematológicos e lipídeos plasmáticos de tilápias-do-nilo, antes e após estímulo pelo frio. Foram utilizados 320 alevinos invertidos para macho (±7,5 g), distribuídos aleatoriamente em 40 tanques (250 L) e alimentados com oito dietas: basal (sem adição de óleo), 6% de óleo de girassol (OG), 5% de OG + 1% de óleo de linhaça (OL), 4% de OG + 2% OL, 3% de OG + 3% de OL, 2% de OG + 4% de OL, 1% de OG + 5% de OL e 6% de OL. Os parâmetros hematológicos e os lipídeos plasmáticos foram determinados ao final de 85 dias de cultivo e após três dias de estímulo pelo frio. Não houve efeito das dietas sobre nenhuma das variáveis analisadas no período anterior ao estímulo. O número de leucócitos foi reduzido em peixes alimentados com a dieta 6% de OL, após estímulo pelo frio. O estímulo pelo frio provocou um declínio do estado geral de saúde, como leucopenia. Tilápias-do-nilo alimentadas com dietas com 6% de OL apresentaram menor resistência ao frio. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of diets with different omega-6 and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratios on the hematological parameters and plasma lipids of Nile tilapia before and after cold stress. A total of 320 tilapia juveniles sex-inverted males (±7.50 g) were randomly distributed into 40 tanks (250 L) and feed with eight diets: basal (without oil supplementation), 6% sunflower oil (SO), 5% SO + 1% linseed oil (LO), 4% SO + 2% LO, 3% SO + 3% LO, 2% SO + 4% LO, 1% SO + 5% LO, and 6% LO. Hematological parameters and plasma lipids were evaluated 85 days after cultivation and three days after cold stress. Diets had no effect on any of the analyzed variables before cold stress. The number of leukocytes decreased in fish fed the 6% LO diet, after cold stress. Cold stress worsened fish health, causing leukopoenia. Nile tilapia fed 6% LO diet presented less resistance to cold. Instituto Federal de Alagoas Departamento de Produção, Pesquisa e Inovação Universidade Estadual Paulista Departamento de Melhoramento e Nutrição Animal Fazenda Experimental Lageado Universidade Estadual Paulista Departamento de Melhoramento e Nutrição Animal Fazenda Experimental Lageado

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T18:40:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 S1516-635X2010000100004.pdf: 71639 bytes, checksum: de5065ac288354ea874623d2e3ef1136 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T18:40:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 S1516-635X2010000100004.pdf: 71639 bytes, checksum: de5065ac288354ea874623d2e3ef1136 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-03-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T19:25:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S1516-635X2010000100004.pdf: 71639 bytes, checksum: de5065ac288354ea874623d2e3ef1136 (MD5) S1516-635X2010000100004.pdf.txt: 14783 bytes, checksum: 168d133b6341b413291f394947408645 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-03-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:40:21Z No. of bitstreams: 2 S1516-635X2010000100004.pdf: 71639 bytes, checksum: de5065ac288354ea874623d2e3ef1136 (MD5) S1516-635X2010000100004.pdf.txt: 14783 bytes, checksum: 168d133b6341b413291f394947408645 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:40:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S1516-635X2010000100004.pdf: 71639 bytes, checksum: de5065ac288354ea874623d2e3ef1136 (MD5) S1516-635X2010000100004.pdf.txt: 14783 bytes, checksum: 168d133b6341b413291f394947408645 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-03-01 This study aimed at evaluating the effect of nucleotides on the performance and carcass yield of broilers fed diets with no antibiotic growth promoters (AGP), anticoccidials, or animal feedstuffs. In the trial, 600 Ross 308 male broilers were distributed in a completely randomized experimental design into six treatments with four replicates of 25 birds each. Treatments consisted of a control diet (CD), CD + AGP, CD + 0.04%, CD + 0.05%, CD + 0.06%, and CD + 0.07% nucleotides. The experimental diets did not contain anticoccidials, and birds were vaccinated against coccidiosis at three days of age. No significant differences were detected among broilers submitted to the different treatments in none of the studied parameters. Under the conditions of this experiment, diets supplemented with nucleotides did not influence broiler performance or carcass yield at 42 days of age, and were not different from the feeds not containing any additive or with AGP. Universidade Estadual Paulista Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia Universidade Estadual Paulista Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T18:40:15Z No. of bitstreams: 1 S1516-635X2008000300010.pdf: 280422 bytes, checksum: a901e6ae55722f22c154323d395e4174 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T18:40:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 S1516-635X2008000300010.pdf: 280422 bytes, checksum: a901e6ae55722f22c154323d395e4174 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-09-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T19:25:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S1516-635X2008000300010.pdf: 280422 bytes, checksum: a901e6ae55722f22c154323d395e4174 (MD5) S1516-635X2008000300010.pdf.txt: 26499 bytes, checksum: 7d981cc3459fae24b24a73efe40480f8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-09-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:49:26Z No. of bitstreams: 2 S1516-635X2008000300010.pdf: 280422 bytes, checksum: a901e6ae55722f22c154323d395e4174 (MD5) S1516-635X2008000300010.pdf.txt: 26499 bytes, checksum: 7d981cc3459fae24b24a73efe40480f8 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:49:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S1516-635X2008000300010.pdf: 280422 bytes, checksum: a901e6ae55722f22c154323d395e4174 (MD5) S1516-635X2008000300010.pdf.txt: 26499 bytes, checksum: 7d981cc3459fae24b24a73efe40480f8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-09-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Fundação para o Desenvolvimento da UNESP (FUNDUNESP) The aim of this study was to trace the inclusion of animal meals in layer diets by analyzing eggs and their fractions (yolk and albumen) using the technique of carbon and nitrogen isotopes. Two-hundred and eighty-eight (288) 73-week-old Shaver White layers, never fed animal ingredients, were randomly distributed in six treatments with six replicates each. The treatments were: control - corn and soybean meal based diet and five other experimental diets including bovine meat and bone meal (MBM); poultry offal meal (POM); feather meal (FM); feather meal and poultry offal meal (OFM), and poultry offal meal, feather meal, and meat and bone meal (MBOFM). The isotopic results were submitted to multivariate analysis of variance. Ellipses were determined through an error matrix (95% confidence) to identify differences between treatments and the control group. In the albumen and yolk of all experimental treatments were significantly different from the control diet (p < 0.05). In summary, the stable isotope technique is able to trace the animal meals included in layer feeds in the final product under these experimental conditions. Universidade Estadual Paulista campus de Botucatu Instituto de Biociências Universidade Estadual Paulista campus de Botucatu Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia Universidade Estadual Paulista campus de Botucatu Instituto de Biociências Universidade Estadual Paulista campus de Botucatu Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia

The effects of grain-based diets from C3 or C4-cycle plants on muscle δ 13 C change process in Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ) fingerlings were investigated. Two groups of sex reversal males Nile tilapia fingerlings were fed with isoproteic (32.0% DP) and isocaloric (3200 kcal DE/kg) diets, differing from each other by their δ 13 C. Muscle samples were collected and the carbon isotopic composition was measured. For C4 diet, the formula for the muscle δ 13 C change related to the intake time of a new diet was δ 13 C = − 14.88 − 9.21e −0.0209 t and the half-life ( T ) of the muscle carbon was 33.2 days. For C3 diet, the formula was δ 13 C = − 25.43 + 8.59e −0.0533 t with T = 13 days. The C3 diet was considered more appropriate based on its palatability and consequent larger food intake than the C4 diet, resulting in an increased muscle δ 13 C change rate. However, for future studies, would be necessary to mix both the C3 and C4 feedstuffs to formulate diets nutritionally appropriated, with contrasting stable isotopes signatures. Tissue δ 13 C change rate is therefore indicated as a promising tool to better understand the biotic and abiotic factors that influence nutrients utilization from the diet and animal growth.

Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-27T11:21:59Z No. of bitstreams: 0Bitstream added on 2014-05-27T14:29:39Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 2-s2.0-34247381673.pdf: 155919 bytes, checksum: e34d20f1d1844358cef90bda5fbec164 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-27T11:21:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2006-10-01 This paper aimed at evaluating the influence of diets containing different isotopic values of carbon-13 turnover on the half-life of egg (yolk + albumen), yolk and albumen individually, and blood of poultry using δ‰ 13C isotopic variation. Commercial layers fed four experimental isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets (RC 4, RC 3, RMC 4 and RMC 3) containing different isotopic values, during an experimental period of 56 days. Turnover of the studied tissues was influenced by the experimental diets. Blood and albumen were more influenced by dietary treatments as compared to egg and yolk. The RMC 3 diet induced better performance (better feed intake and higher egg production) due faster rate of carbon substitution than the RC 4 diet, and lower half-life for egg (yolk + albumen), yolk, and albumen. Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science School (FMVZ) São Paulo State University (UNESP) Stable Isotopes Center Biosciences Institute São Paulo State University (UNESP) Animal Production Department Mato Grosso do Sul Federal University (UFMS) Centro de Isótopos Estáveis Instituto de Biociências UNESP Universidade Estadual Paulista, Caixa Postal 510, 18.618-000. Botucatu, SP Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science School (FMVZ) São Paulo State University (UNESP) Stable Isotopes Center Biosciences Institute São Paulo State University (UNESP) Centro de Isótopos Estáveis Instituto de Biociências UNESP Universidade Estadual Paulista, Caixa Postal 510, 18.618-000. Botucatu, SP

The contribution of growth and turnover to the muscle delta(13)C change process was investigated using mathematical models which associate delta(13)C change to time of intake of a new diet or increase in body mass. Two groups of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) were fed on diets based on C3 (delta(13)C=-25.64+/-0.06 per thousand) or C4 (delta(13)C=-16.01+/-0.06 per thousand) photosynthetic cycle plants to standardize the muscle delta(13)C. After establishing the carbon isotopic equilibrium, fish (mean mass 24.12+/-6.79 g) then received the other treatment diet until a new carbon isotopic equilibrium could be established, characterizing T1 (C3-C4) and T2 (C4-C3) treatments. No significant differences were observed in fish productive performance. Good fits were obtained for the models that associated the delta(13)C change to time, resulting in carbon half-life values of 23.33 days for T1 and 25.96 days for T2. Based on values found for the muscle delta(13)C change rate from growth (0.0263 day(-1) and 0.0254 day(-1)) and turnover (0.0034 day(-1) and 0.0013 day(-1)), our results indicate that most of the delta(13)C change could be attributed to growth. The application of model that associated the delta(13)C change to body mass increase seems to produce results with no apparent biological explanation. The delta(13)C change rate could directly reflect the daily ration and growth rate, and consequently the isotopic change rates of carbon and other tissue elements can be properly used to assess different factors that may interfere in nutrient utilization and growth.

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T18:40:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 S1516-635X2005000300002.pdf: 105162 bytes, checksum: 87ec33278555d33c6a0778e1b96af4b5 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T18:40:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 S1516-635X2005000300002.pdf: 105162 bytes, checksum: 87ec33278555d33c6a0778e1b96af4b5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-09-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T18:27:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S1516-635X2005000300002.pdf: 105162 bytes, checksum: 87ec33278555d33c6a0778e1b96af4b5 (MD5) S1516-635X2005000300002.pdf.txt: 35950 bytes, checksum: 41878225472ed2997f46cf7f42f30ba3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-09-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:40:35Z No. of bitstreams: 2 S1516-635X2005000300002.pdf: 105162 bytes, checksum: 87ec33278555d33c6a0778e1b96af4b5 (MD5) S1516-635X2005000300002.pdf.txt: 35950 bytes, checksum: 41878225472ed2997f46cf7f42f30ba3 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:40:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S1516-635X2005000300002.pdf: 105162 bytes, checksum: 87ec33278555d33c6a0778e1b96af4b5 (MD5) S1516-635X2005000300002.pdf.txt: 35950 bytes, checksum: 41878225472ed2997f46cf7f42f30ba3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-09-01 An experiment was conducted to study ileal digestibility of nutrients and to verify the ability of broilers to select feed in order to meet their requirements for protein and energy. The treatments consisted of six diets: R+S: free-choice feeding with rice bran (energy) and soybean meal (protein); C+G: free-choice feeding with corn (energy) and corn gluten meal (protein); R+G: free-choice feeding with rice bran (energy) and corn gluten meal (protein); C+S: free-choice feeding with corn (energy) and soybean meal (protein); R+C+G+S: free-choice feeding with rice bran and corn (energy) and corn gluten meal and soybean meal (protein); and BD: basal diet represented by a complete diet composed of 63% corn and 33% soybean meal. The results indicated that the adjustment to nutritional requirements does not depend only on the ability of birds to select feed. It might also depend on intake and ingredient quality, since some ingredients did not provide a balanced amount of nutrients. The birds were able to fulfill their requirements for maintenance, that is, they consumed the minimum amount of amino acids (g per day) for maximum growth. The free-choice group with corn gluten meal as the protein source had the worst performance, which indicated that this feed is not recommended as a primary source of amino acids for broilers. The C+G diet presented the highest digestibility coefficient of dry matter and crude protein, whereas the C+S diet resulted in the highest digestibility coefficient of ether extract and nitrogen-free extract, indicating that diet digestibility was affected by the type of feed used as energy and protein sources. In general, the high digestibility values indicate that broilers are able to efficiently digest and absorb the supplied feed. Universidade Estadual Paulista Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia Departamento de Melhoramento e Nutrição Animal Universidade Estadual Paulista Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia Departamento de Melhoramento e Nutrição Animal

1. The 13C turnover rates of the liver and thoracic pectoral muscle of growing broilers were determined by feeding diets with varying 13C content. 2. Male chicks (1-d-old) were subjected to treatments based on free choice of 5 different mixes of energy and protein sources from plants with C3 and C4 photosynthetic pathways that had differing 13C content. Rice bran (R) and soybean meal (S) were the C3 sources, while maize (C) and maize gluten meal (G) were the C4 sources. Choices were R + S, C + G, R + G, C + S or R + C + G + S. The 6th treatment was a complete feed (CF) that was similar to a commercial broiler feed. 3. The isotopic composition of the birds’ tissues was representative of the isotopic composition of the diets. The assimilation was faster for C3, in both liver and muscle, than for C4 diets, and give the delta per mil difference between the diet and tissues. 4. The liver is the most active metabolic tissue and gave more rapid isotope turnover than in muscle.

This study was undertaken in a closed system with Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) to examine the effects of total replacement of fish meal (FM) by soybean meal. Nile tilapia fingerlings with an average weight of 5.34±0.08 g were hand-fed one of the five isoenergetic (≈13.5 MJ digestible energy kg−1) and isoproteic (≈31% of digestible protein) experimental diets to satiation, six times a day during 85 days in eight replicate fibreglass tanks (six fish per tank). The control diet containing FM was substituted by soybean meal, with and without essential amino acids (lysine, methionine and threonine) or dicalcium phosphate supplementation. The supplemental amino acids were added at levels to simulate the reference amino acid profile of Nile tilapia carcass protein, based on the ideal protein concept. The results showed that soybean meal diet supplemented only with dicalcium phosphate was inferior to the control diet with FM and soybean meal diets supplemented with dicalcium phosphate and essential amino acids. Multiple essential amino acids and dicalcium phosphate incorporation in soybean meal diets was associated with performance, whole-body composition and carcass yield equal to that of the fish fed with the control diet containing FM. These data suggest that a diet with all plant protein source, supplemented with essential amino acids, based on tissue amino acid profile, can totally replace FM in a diet for Nile tilapia, without adverse effects on the growth performance, carcass yield and composition.

The present study aimed to quantify the proportion of 13 C from energy and protein feed ingredients that follow the metabolic routing of the liver and muscle in broiler chickens. A stable isotope of carbon technique was used that is based on the isotopic discrimination that occurs in the plants during the photosynthesis process. One-day-old male chicks were subjected to treatments based on free choice of energy and protein sources. Rice bran (R) and soybean meal (S), C3 plants, have higher isotopic ratios than corn (C), a C4 plant, and corn gluten meal (G). Choices were R+S, C+G, R+G, C+S, or R+C+G+S. A complete feed (CF) was a sixth treatment. Feed intake and BW were measured at 30 d of age, when liver and breast muscle were collected for isotopic analysis. Treatments affected the amount of feed intake and the choices of energy or protein sources. Complete feed had the largest intake, differing from the other treatments that had free-choice feeding. Final BW was a direct reflection of consumption by these birds in all treatments. The isotopic results indicated that the 13 C/12 C ratio was generally higher in breast muscle than in liver, probably because of higher protein content. Moreover, in the liver, the proportion of 13 C retained from the energy ingredient was greater than the proportion from the protein ingredient. That is in contrast to muscle, where the proportion of 13 C retained from the protein ingredient was greater than from the energy ingredient that was self-selected.

Com o objetivo de avaliar o uso de silagem de grãos úmidos de milho (SGUM) e sua associação com aditivos nas rações de frangos de corte, 720 pintainhos machos Ross foram distribuídos num delineamento em parcelas subdivididas considerando-se os tratamentos principais no esquema fatorial 2x3 em blocos casualizados, 2 níveis de SGUM em substituição aos grãos secos de milho (GS): 0 e 50% e 3 aditivos: promotor de crescimento (PC), simbiótico (SB) e sem aditivo (SA), com 4 repetições. As idades (21, 42, e 49 dias) foram os tratamentos secundários. A ausência de aditivo ou o uso de simbiótico proporcionam os piores desempenhos quando comparados ao promotor de crescimento, sem alteração no rendimento de carcaça e partes. Independente do aditivo, a SGUM pode substituir 50% do GS sem comprometer o desempenho, o rendimento de carcaça e partes, além de não influenciar o desenvolvimento do trato gastrintestinal e reduzir o custo de produção, apesar de promover maior deposição de gordura abdominal.With the aim of evaluating the high moisture corn silage (HMCS) and its association with additives in broilers chicken diets, 720 one-day-old male chicks Ross were distributed in split-plot considering the main treatments in the factorial scheme 2x3 in randomized blocks, 2 HMCS levels: 0 and 50%; and 3 additives: growth promoter, symbiotic and without additive, with four replications. The ages (21, 42 and 49 days) were secondary treatments. The absence of additive or symbiotic use showed the worst performance compared to the growth promoter, without alteration in carcass and parts yield. Independent of the additive, the HMCS can substitute 50% of the DS without affecting the performance, carcass and parts yield, besides not interfering gastrointestinal tract development and decreasing the production cost, although it promotes an increase of abdominal fat deposition.

Avaliaram-se o ganho de peso e a taxa de sobrevivência de pós-larvas de pacu alimentadas com quatro rações contendo diferentes níveis de vitamina C. As rações isoprotéicas (40,00% PB) e isoenergéticas (4000kcal ED/kg da ração) foram compostas por 41,89% de albumina, 2,00% de gelatina, 31,42% de amido de milho, 5,00% de farinha de peixe, 12,85% de óleo de soja, 5,32% de fosfato bicálcico, 1,00% de suplemento vitamínico e mineral, 0,02% de antioxidante e 0,50% de alginato; receberam 125, 250, 500 e 750mg de vitamina C (2-monofosfato de ácido ascórbico L) por kg da ração. Foram utilizadas 180 pós-larvas de pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) com peso inicial médio de 13,20±7,70mg, distribuídas em 12 aquários de polietileno de 12 L, dotados de fluxo contínuo de ar e temperatura monitorada por termostato central. O estudo teve duração de 15 dias e o delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado, com quatro tratamentos e três repetições. Os resultados de ganho de peso (mg) e taxa de sobrevivência (%) para a inclusão de 125, 250, 500 e 750mg de vitamina C/kg da ração foram, respectivamente, de 19,00cmg e 83,30b%; 25,00amg e 95,55a%; 20,00bcmg e 84,44b%; 21,00bmg e 91,10ab%. Concluiu-se que a suplementação de 250mg de vitamina C/kg de ração apresenta-se como a mais eficiente para a fase pós-larval de pacu.Growth performance and survival of pacu larvae fed diets containing different levels of vitamin C were evaluated for 15 days. The experimental diets were formulated to contain approximately 40.00% crude protein and 4000kcal of digestible energy/kg diet based on the feedstuffs values reported by NRC (1993) and 4 levels of ascorbic acid, 125, 250, 500 and 750mg/kg diet. Pacu larvae with 0.0132 ± 0.0077g were stocked into 12 aquaria (12-L) at 15 larvae/aquarium. The results of this study indicate that weight gain and survival percentage were significantly higher for fish fed diets supplemented with 250mg of vitamin C/kg.

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T19:06:26Z No. of bitstreams: 1 S1516-35982002000700001.pdf: 197833 bytes, checksum: 0dcf2558cf43e68772b9db39e7019110 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T19:06:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 S1516-35982002000700001.pdf: 197833 bytes, checksum: 0dcf2558cf43e68772b9db39e7019110 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2002-07-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T17:42:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S1516-35982002000700001.pdf: 197833 bytes, checksum: 0dcf2558cf43e68772b9db39e7019110 (MD5) S1516-35982002000700001.pdf.txt: 37770 bytes, checksum: c54b1c17b35ce5f4ea70f5d4f0f4c732 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2002-07-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:12:39Z No. of bitstreams: 2 S1516-35982002000700001.pdf: 197833 bytes, checksum: 0dcf2558cf43e68772b9db39e7019110 (MD5) S1516-35982002000700001.pdf.txt: 37770 bytes, checksum: c54b1c17b35ce5f4ea70f5d4f0f4c732 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:12:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S1516-35982002000700001.pdf: 197833 bytes, checksum: 0dcf2558cf43e68772b9db39e7019110 (MD5) S1516-35982002000700001.pdf.txt: 37770 bytes, checksum: c54b1c17b35ce5f4ea70f5d4f0f4c732 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2002-07-01 Avaliou-se a digestibilidade aparente do milho, amido de milho, milho extrusado, germe de milho, sorgo, farelo de trigo, farelo de arroz, glúten 21, glúten 60, farelo de soja, farelo de canola, farelo de algodão, farinha de peixe, farinha de carne, farinha de vísceras de aves, farinha de sangue e farinha de penas. Confeccionaram-se 18 rações, marcadas com 0,10% de óxido de crômio III, uma delas, basal purificada, e as demais, contendo os ingredientes. Os peixes, 100 juvenis com 100±10 g, foram alojados em cinco tanques-rede para facilitar o manejo de alimentação e a coleta de fezes e permaneceram, durante o dia, em cinco aquários (250 L) de alimentação, recebendo refeições à vontade das 8 às 17h30. Após, foram transferidos para cinco aquários (300 L) de coleta de fezes, onde permaneceram até a manhã do dia subseqüente. O coeficiente de digestibilidade aparente dos ingredientes foi calculado com base no teor de óxido crômio da ração e das fezes. Com base nos resultados, concluiu-se que, entre os ingredientes energéticos, o milho apresentou o melhor coeficiente de digestibilidade aparente, seguindo-se o milho extrusado, o farelo de trigo e o farelo de arroz; dos ingredientes protéicos - vegetal, o glúten 60 e o glúten 21, seguidos do farelo de canola, apresentou os melhores coeficientes e dos protéicos - animal, destacou-se a farinha de vísceras de aves, seguida da farinha de peixes, enquanto os piores coeficientes foram proporcionados pela farinha de penas e farinha de sangue. Apparent digestibility of corn, corn-starch, extruded corn, corn-germ, sorghum, wheat middlings, rice meal, corn gluten meal, gluten 60, soybean meal, canola meal, cottonseed meal, fish meal, meat and bone meal, poultry by-product meal, blood meal and poultry feathers hydrolyzed meal were determined for Nile tilapia juveniles (100±10 g) fed purified diet and 0.10% chromic oxide. Fish were maintained in 5 aquaria (250 L) at a density of 20 fish/aquarium for feeding, between 8a.m. and 5:30 p.m. After this period, they were transferred for aquaria (300 L) appropriate for fecal collection. The apparent digestibility of nutrient was determined by assessing the difference between the feed and fecal concentrations of the marker. Results of this study indicate that among energetic ingredients, corn, extruded corn, wheat middlings and rice meal had the highest apparent digestibility coefficient and gluten 60, corn gluten meal, canola meal for proteic ingredients. Among animal sources, poultry by-product and fish meal showed high apparent coefficients and, poultry feathers hydrolyzed and blood meal low apparent coefficients for Nile tilapia. UNESP Dep. de Melhor. e Nutr. Animal UNESP FMVZ UNESP CAUNESP UNESP Dep. de Melhor. e Nutr. Animal UNESP FMVZ UNESP CAUNESP

Este experimento teve por objetivo avaliar a eficiência de diferentes aglutinantes, a seco e na água, por meio da estabilidade física do pélete. Foram avaliadas duas técnicas de processamento (com ou sem vapor) e seis aglutinantes (carboximetilcelulose, polimetilcarbamida, amido de mandioca, alginato de sódio, polivinilpirrolidona, goma guar), através da análise de variância no esquema fatorial (2x6), além de um controle, ao qual não foi acrescido aglutinante. Concluiu-se que o aglutinante melhora significativamente a resistência física do grânulo, independente da técnica de processamento; que o vapor determina grânulos mais estáveis quando em contato com a água e, que o alginato de sódio proporciona grânulos fisicamente mais estáveis, em ambas as técnicas de processamento, enquanto a goma guar a pior.The aim of this paper was to determine the influence of different dry and water agglutinants, through physical stability of pellets. The agglutinants were sodium alginate, guar gum, polymetylcarbamide, polyvinylpirrolidone, carboxymetilcellulose, and cassava starch. The manufacturing processes were two: with and without steam and extrusion. These treatments were evaluated through the variance analysis technique with the factorial scheme 2 x 6 (two processes and six agglutinants), and one control where no extra agglutinants was added. Results showed that, independently of processing technique, the presence the agglutinants improves the physical resistance of the pellets significantly, giving the whole pellets more stability while in contact with water, and that the sodium alginate gives pellets the highest aggregated characteristic, in both processes, while that guar gum gives the lowest.