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Individuals with sickle cell disease (SCD) often experience numerous vaso-occlusive crisis events throughout their lives, which can progress to severe damage of several organs, including avascular necrosis, also known as osteonecrosis (ON). Osteonecrosis is one of the most devastating musculoskeletal clinical manifestations of sickle cell disease, afflicting up to 50% of the SCD patients. Herein, a NMR-based untargeted metabolomics approach was used to assess the metabolome alterations of blood plasma and bone marrow interstitial fluid (BMIF) samples of SCD patients with osteonecrosis. Furthermore, biochemical signatures associated with different osteonecrosis stages were assessed by analysing the metabolome of blood plasma and bone marrow interstitial fluid samples of SCD patients with different stages of the disease based on the Fiat and Arlet classification (FAC). Multivariate statistical analysis allowed a clear discrimination between the studied groups and it provided important insights into the different osteonecrosis stages. Citrate was pointed out as a possible biomarker to differentiate SCD patients with and without osteonecrosis. Acetate, creatinine, histidine, tyrosine, glucose, and NI5 seems to be key metabolites associated to different stages of the disease. Although this is a pioneer exploratory study, we acknowledge that fact that it is limited by the group sizes and absence of a validation cohort. Nevertheless, multivariate statistical analyses indicated that the metabolome of blood plasma and BMIF samples encompasses a complex metabolic regulation system for osteonecrosis.

We have synthesized and characterized three new ruthenium(II) diphosphine complexes containing an acylthiourea ligand, with the general formula [Ru(DPEPhos)(O,S)(bipy)]PF

Este trabalho de revisão sistemática da literatura visa analisar as experiências pedagógicas com recurso a tecnologias em Portugal, entre os anos setenta do século XX e a atualidade, procurando compreender como foram sendo introduzidas na escola ao longo de cerca de cinquenta anos. Foram selecionados e analisados 47 artigos das bases de indexação SCOPUS, SCIELO e Web of Science. Verificou-se que, apesar de algum conservadorismo ainda na utilização da tecnologia, muito centrada no seu uso instrumental, nos anos mais recentes têm-se concretizado mais práticas com intencionalidade pedagógica e mais focadas na participação ativa dos estudantes. Constatou-se também a importância crescente da formação docente neste domínio das tecnologias digitais, com o objetivo de tornar os professores mais competentes e fluentes no uso pedagógico do digital. This systematic literature review aims to analyze the pedagogical experiences with the use of technologies in Portugal between the seventies of the twentieth century and today. It sought to understand how they were introduced into school over fifty years. A total of 47 articles were selected and analyzed from the SCOPUS, SCIELO and Web of Science indexing databases. It was found that, despite a certain conservatism very focused on the instrumental use of technology, more practices with pedagogical intent and more focused on the active participation of students have been implemented in recent years, highlighting the growing importance of teacher training in this field of digital technologies, with the aim of making teachers more competent and fluent in the pedagogical use of digital tools. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Although swarming motility and biofilms are opposed collective behaviors, both contribute to bacterial survival and host colonization. Pseudovibrio bacteria have attracted attention because they are part of the microbiome of healthy marine sponges. Two-thirds of Pseudovibrio genomes contain a member of a nonribosomal peptide synthetase-polyketide synthase gene cluster family, which is also found sporadically in Pseudomonas pathogens of insects and plants. After developing reverse genetics for Pseudovibrio, we isolated heptapeptides with an ureido linkage and related nonadepsipeptides we termed pseudovibriamides A and B, respectively. A combination of genetics and imaging mass spectrometry experiments showed heptapetides were excreted, promoting motility and reducing biofilm formation. In contrast to lipopeptides widely known to affect motility/biofilms, pseudovibriamides are not surfactants. Our results expand current knowledge on metabolites mediating bacterial collective behavior.

Protium Burm. f. (Burseraceae) is well known in the Brazilian Amazon for its diversity of species, though some of them are difficult to identify based on only morphological characteristics. We investigated the species Protium puncticulatum J.F. Macbr. and Protium tenuifolium (Engl.) Engl. in relation to their chemical constituents and some biological aspects. The phytochemical study of the hexane extract from the trunk of P. puncticulatum led to the identification of a mixture of triterpenes: α, β-amyrin (1 and 2), and lupeol (3); the methanolic extract gave the lignans 7-oxo-parabenzolactone (4) and 7’-hydroxy-9α-methylcubebin (5); this last lignan showed a MIC of 320 μg/mL for Candida albicans and 160 μg/mL for Cryptococcus neoformans and C. gattii. The hexane extract from the branches of P. tenuifolium also provided a mixture of α and β-amyrin (1, 2); the methanolic extract gave dimeric alkylresorcinols named integracin B (6) and integracin A (7). Analyses of anatomical characteristics confirmed the identity of the species Protium tenuifolium (Engl.) Engl. Essential oils obtained via hydrodistillation from the fresh bark of the trunk of P. tenuifolium showed a predominance of the monoterpenes limonene (56.17%), α-phellandrene (16.22%) and ρ-cymene (10.52%). This study is important since it increases knowledge on the volatile and non-volatile chemical constituents of the woody parts of two species of Protium from the Amazon.

Species from the Ocotea genus have shown scientific evidence of anti-inflammatory activity through a promising mechanism of action. This study is the first in vivo evaluation of the anti-inflammatory potential and mechanism of action of extracts and essential oils from the leaves and bark of O. diospyrifolia. We isolated and identified compounds from the leaf and bark extracts and chemically characterized these extracts by ultra high-performance liquid chromatography–high-resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-HRMS). Additionally, the essential oils were characterized by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Nine compounds (1-9) were isolated; among them, a new compound (9) was elucidated as 6aS,7S-(-)-11-hydroxy-7-methoxy-1,2-methylenedioxy-aporphine, named as diospirifoline. The aporphine substitution pattern found in diospirifoline, with substitution at C-7, was identified for first time in the Ocotea genus. Mururin A(1) and salsoline (5) were also isolated for the first time in this genus. The biosynthetically linked alkaloids coclaurine (7), reticuline (6), and isoboldine (8) were found to be 6aR-(-) isomers, which is different from the 6aS-(+) isomers that are most often found in other Ocotea spp. UPLC-HRMS analysis detected various classes of compounds in the leaf and bark extracts, such as flavonolignans, flavonoids, chlorogenic acids, alkaloids, and many other unidentified compounds. The GC–MS analysis revealed that both leaf and bark essential oils contained α-phellandrene as the major compound and that the chemotaxonomic marker of the Lauraceae family, the phenylpropanoid safrole, was not detected. Furthermore, some of the compounds identified in the extracts and essential oils have known anti-inflammatory activities, such as 5-caffeoylquinic acid, quercitrin, α-humulene, and (E)-caryophyllene. Indeed, the leaf extract, its ethyl acetate fraction, and the essential oils showed in vivo anti-inflammatory activity through the dual inhibition of edema and neutrophil recruitment, suggesting the inhibition of main inflammatory pathways. This mechanism of action is associated with a better efficacy and safety profile than that of the currently available anti-inflammatory drugs. The extract and essential oils of O. diospyrifolia showed high chemical diversity and a promising anti-inflammatory mechanism of action; thus, clearly indicating that this species should be further investigated.

Fabaceae is represented in the Amazon region by a high diversity of species and genera that have economic and agroecological importance; however, there is a lack of phytochemical studies. Using LC-DAD-SPE/NMR, analyses of fractions of the methanolic extract from wood residues were performed, and a bipterocarpan (medicarpine-7-O-7′′ secundiflorol I) was identified for the first time. In addition, the known flavonoids 7,3′-dihydroxy-4′-methoxypterocarpan, nissolin, medicarpin, and biochanin A from Andira parviflora Ducke heartwood, the flavonoids taxifolin, butin, 3-methoxyquercetin, and a new derivative of menthiafolic acid (dapaznide) from Inga alba (Sw.) Willd. trunk wood were also identified. Thus, this study has brought new information on the secondary metabolism of both forest species, as well as adding to our knowledge regarding their wood residues.

Sickle cell anaemia (SCA) is a debilitating genetic haemoglobinopathy predominantly affecting the disenfranchised strata of society in Africa and the Americas. The most common pharmacological treatment for this disease is the administration of hydroxycarbamide (HC) for which questions remain regarding its mechanism of action, efficacy and long-term toxicity specifically in paediatric individuals. A multiplatform metabolomics approach was used to assess the metabolome of plasma samples from a population of children and adolescents with SCA with and without HC treatment along with non-SCA individuals. Fifty-three metabolites were identified by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS) and 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) with a predominance of membrane lipids, amino acids and organic acids. The partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) analysis allowed a clear discrimination between the different studied groups, revealing clear effects of the HC treatment in the patients' metabolome including rescue of specific metabolites to control levels. Increased creatine/creatinine levels under HC treatment suggests a possible increase in the arginine pool and increased NO synthesis, supporting existing models for HC action in SCA. The metabolomics results extend the current knowledge on the models for SCA pathophysiology including impairment of Lands' cycle and increased synthesis of sphingosine 1-phosphate. Putative novel biomarkers are suggested.

Metabolomics analysis detected tambjamine alkaloids in aqueous and EtOAc extracts of the marine invertebrates Virididentula dentata, Tambja stegosauriformis, Tambja brasiliensis, and Roboastra ernsti. Among several tambjamines, the new amino acid derivatives tambjamines M-O (17-19) were identified by Marfey's advanced analysis, UPLC-MS/MS analyses, and total synthesis. The tambjamine diversity increased from the bryozoan V. dentata to its nudibranch predators T. stegosauriformis and T. brasiliensis and attained a higher diversity in R. ernsti, the nudibranch that preys upon T. stegosauriformis and T. brasiliensis. The total tambjamine content also increases among the trophic levels, probably due to biomagnification. Tambjamines A (1), C (3), and D (4) are the major metabolites in the tissues of V. dentata, T. stegosauriformis, T. brasiliensis, and R. ernsti and are likely the main chemical defenses of these marine invertebrates.

Flavonoids are the phenolic compounds that are predominant in the Fabaceae family, and isoflavonoids are especially recognized for their contribution to the natural resistance of wood from species of this family. Herein, we investigated the phenolic compounds from extracts of wood residues from the Fabaceae species Dipteryx polyphylla Huber and Acacia mangium Willd. A phytochemical study of D. polyphylla led to isolation and identification of isoflavans such as 3’,7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxy-isoflavan (1), 2’,8-dihydroxy-4’,7-dimethoxy-isoflavan (2), 2’,7-dihydroxy-4’-methoxyisoflavan (3) and 3’,8-dihydroxy-4’,7-dimethoxy isoflavan (4). Compounds 1 and 4 are new findings. A. mangium gave monocyclic phenolics, such as ferulic acid (6), methylparaben (7) and 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (8); flavonol melatoxetin (9) as well as fatty acid esters of spinasterol (5). The phenolic compounds that were identified contribute to the knowledge regarding the natural resistance of its woods, thus aggregating value for solid residues and plantation species recommended for reforestation

Investigation of the marine sponge Agelas dispar MeOH fractions using feature-based molecular networking, dereplication, and isolation led to the discovery of new bromopyrrole-derived metabolites. An in-house library of bromopyrrole alkaloids previously isolated from A. dispar and Dictyonella sp. was utilized, along with the investigation of an MS/MS fragmentation of these compounds. Our strategy led to the isolation and identification of the disparamides A−C (1–3), with a novel carbon skeleton. Additionally, new dispyrins B–F (4–8) and nagelamides H2 and H3 (9 and 10) and known nagelamide H (11), citrinamine B (12), ageliferin (13), bromoageliferin (14), and dibromoageliferin (15) were also isolated and identified by analysis of spectroscopic data. Analysis of MS/MS fragmentation data and molecular networking analysis indicated the presence of hymenidin (16), oroidin (17), dispacamide (18), monobromodispacamide (19), keramadine (20), longamide B (21), methyl ester of longamide B (22), hanishin (23), methyl ester of 3-debromolongamide B (24), and 3-debromohanishin (25). Antibacterial activity of ageliferin (13), bromoageliferin (14), and dibromoageliferin (15) was evaluated against susceptible and multi-drug-resistant ESKAPE pathogenic bacteria Klabsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Enterococcus faecalis. Dibromoageliferin (15) displayed the most potent antimicrobial activity against all tested susceptible and MDR strains. Compounds 13–15 presented no significant hemolytic activity up to 100 μM.

Commercially certified organic propolis produced in areas of environmental conservation and reforestation forests of Southern Brazil are generally poor in flavonoids, although one of its variants – Brazilian certified organic propolis 1 (OP1) – has shown strong antioxidant activity. The objective was to identify active compounds from OP1 related to its strong antioxidant activity. OP1 ethanolic extracts were subjected to liquid-liquid fractionation, and the fractions presenting the strongest antioxidant activity were combined and purified into subfractions. Compounds isolated from the most active subfractions had their structure elucidated by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). As a result, five lignans and two lignan-precursors were isolated, and four of them are herein reported for the very first time in propolis. Hence, these compounds may be used as chemical markers for product standardization and authentication purposes, since OP1 is only produced by honeybees in native forests and its botanical origins remain unknown.

O ensino superior não deve ignorar que deve pensar-se como integrando um sistema educativo e que, como tal, deve abarcar um amplo conjunto de aspetos que influenciam não só o desenvolvimento pessoal e social do aluno mas, também, o desenvolvimento global da sociedade, que obviamente, depende dos conhecimentos científicos e técnicos mas igualmente da qualidade do desenvolvimento psicossocial dos que frequentam as instituições universitárias ou equivalentes. A presente investigação pretende dar um contributo para a compreensão de uma das dimensões do desenvolvimento psicossocial – a autonomia – investigando alguns dos fatores pessoais e contextuais que possam contribuir para uma melhor compreensão sobre esta dimensão do desenvolvimento dos estudantes de enfermagem. Participaram no presente estudo1029 estudantes que frequentavam os quatro anos do Curso de Licenciatura de Enfermagem, sendo 85.5% do sexo feminino e 14.7% do sexo masculino. A média de idades foi de 20.8 anos (DP=3.34). Os resultados sugerem que os estudantes tendem a revelar um sentimento de pertença e integração na instituição por eles frequentada e perceber o ambiente institucional como estimulante, ainda que, neste estudo, sobressaia um envolvimento especialmente virado às atividades que mais se relacionam com os estudos especificamente do curso e menos com as extracurriculares.

Low critical temperature superconducting coils can conduct persistent currents with almost no losses, as the technique to make joints is well developed and the resistive losses are negligible. The replacement of these superconductors by high-temperature superconductors may greatly reduce refrigeration costs. However, even though the technique for making these joints has greatly developed over the last years, there are still inherent difficulties associated to that process. Coils made with partially slit loops of high temperature superconducting tape have no joints, and therefore can conduct current in persistent mode. Since there are no terminals, its current must be induced through magnetization techniques, for instance, by the means of a transformer. The occurrence of persistent current is related to the voltage in the sample, making it interesting to study the voltage behavior for different regions of operation. In this work, a jointless 2G loop was magnetized with pulse magnetization from which the curves of voltage and current as functions of time were obtained. After several tests, it was possible to divide the superconductor behavior into three different stages of operation, depending on the current levels reached: for low current values, the material behaves as a perfect inductor; for current values near the critical current, it behaves as an RL circuit; and for higher values, resistance dependent on the temperature has to be taken into account. A direct relation between persistent current and the arise of a dissipative state was noted and the highest values of persistent current were observed when the pulse was intense enough to produce significant temperature variations in the sample.

Herein reported are results of the chemical and biological investigation of red propolis collected at the Brazilian Northeast coastline. New propolones A-D (1-4), with a 3-{3-[(2-phenylbenzofuran-3-yl)methyl]phenyl}chromane skeleton; propolonones A-C (5-7), with a 3-[3-(3-benzylbenzofuran-2-yl)phenyl]chromane skeleton; and propolol A (8), with a 6-(3-benzylbenzofuran-2-yl)-3-phenylchromane skeleton, were isolated as constituents of Brazilian red propolis by cytotoxicity-guided assays and structurally identified by analysis of their spectroscopic data. Propolone B (2) and propolonone A (5) display significant cytotoxic activities against an ovarian cancer cell line expressing a multiple drug resistance phenotype when compared with doxorubicin.

Microbial strains isolated from extreme and understudied environments, such as caves, are still poorly investigated for the production of bioactive secondary metabolites. Investigation of the ethyl acetate extract from the growth medium produced by the soil-derived fungus Aspergillus sp. SDC28, isolated from a Brazilian cave, yielded two anthraquinones: versicolorin C (1) and versiconol (2). The complete assignment of nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectroscopic data of 1 and 2 was performed for the first time. Moreover, the yet unreported absolute configuration of both compounds was unambiguously established by analysis of experimental and theoretical electronic circular dichroism data. Vibrational circular dichroism was also applied to confirm the absolute stereochemistry of 2. Compounds 1 and 2 showed cytotoxic activity against human ovarian cancer cells (OVCAR3).

O presente artigo pretende analisar os principais tópicos relacionados a uma crítica de fundo humanista contra o que muitos professores-autores e intelectuais que escreveram em revistas portuguesas e brasileiras especializadas em Educação, entre os anos de 1950 e 1974, consideravam caracterizar o domínio exacerbado de um racionalismo técnico-científico na cultura e nas escolas daquele contexto histórico. Constatou-se que para a construção dessa crítica humanista foram mobilizadas, com certa frequência, teorias da filosofia fenomenológica, da psicanálise e do fazer artístico na afã de se pensar a possibilidade de processos de formação a partir de novos prismas.

Ruthenium(II) complexes (Ru1-Ru5), with the general formula [Ru(N-S)(dppe)2]PF6, bearing two 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane (dppe) ligands and a series of mercapto ligands (N-S), have been developed. The combination of these ligands in the complexes endowed hydrophobic species with high cytotoxic activity against five cancer cell lines. For the A549 (lung) and MDA-MB-231 (breast) cancer cell lines, the IC50 values of the complexes were 288- to 14-fold lower when compared to cisplatin. Furthermore, the complexes were selective for the A549 and MDA-MB-231 cancer cell lines compared to the MRC-5 nontumor cell line. The multitarget character of the complexes was investigated by using calf thymus DNA (CT DNA), human serum albumin, and human topoisomerase IB (hTopIB). The complexes potently inhibited hTopIB. In particular, complex [Ru(dmp)(dppe)2]PF6 (Ru3), bearing the 4,6-diamino-2-mercaptopyrimidine (dmp) ligand, effectively inhibited hTopIB by acting on both the cleavage and religation steps of the catalytic cycle of this enzyme. Molecular docking showed that the Ru1-Ru5 complexes have binding affinity by active sites on the hTopI and hTopI-DNA, mainly via π-alkyl and alkyl hydrophobic interactions, as well as through hydrogen bonds. Complex Ru3 displayed significant antitumor activity against murine melanoma in mouse xenograph models, but this complex did not damage DNA, as revealed by Ames and micronucleus tests.

O caderno escolar tem-se revelado importante fonte para se conhecer aspectos da “caixa-preta” de uma instituição escolar, porquanto ela permite olhar as práticas através dos registros feitos pelo aluno/a e professor/a. Os cadernos, portanto, podem auxiliar na elucidação do cotidiano escolar, em diferentes épocas e espaços. Este estudo tem por objetivo desvelar aspectos das práticas educativas de uma escola confessional das Irmãs Salesianas no Sul do Brasil, na década de 1950, a partir de uma coleção de cadernos pertencentes a uma aluna que cursou o ensino primário na referida instituição. A análise dos mesmos mostra que, nos dois anos iniciais, os alunos aprendiam basicamente noções de aritmética, linguagem e religião bem como as técnicas do uso do lápis e do caderno e as habilidades da escrita. Nos cadernos dos anos subsequentes é possível observar que as aulas contemplavam o ensino dos saberes tais como os de Geografia, História, Desenho, Caligrafia e estudos mais avançados de Religião. Revelam esses materiais o recurso a exercícios rotineiros como cópias, formação de frases, ditados, questionários, resolução de contas e problemas de aritmética. O uso constante de cadernos de rascunho ou de classe e cadernos a limpo e as múltiplas tarefas para casa, revelam aspectos do percurso trilhado pela aluna em sua aprendizagem. Todavia, importa analisar o conteúdo desses materiais com precaução e em articulação com outras fontes, porquanto estas não são um testemunho pedagógico inequívoco.Palavras-chave: Cadernos escolares. Escola confessional. Prática educativa. Ensino primário.

A memória, além de contribuir para a reconstituição da experiência dos professores em sua formação e em sua vida profissional, constitui-se como um importante elemento de formação de professores. Buscamos estudar as memórias dos professores primários de Coimbra-PT para uma melhor compreensão da constituição de sua identidade no período de 1964 a 1974. Realizamos entrevistas a partir de um Guião semiestruturado com 04 docentes que passaram pelos cursos de formação de professores primários e atuaram como professor primário. As pesquisas revelaram que os professores viveram um conflito entre as experiências do trabalho pedagógico e as normas estabelecidas pelo governo.

The Babassu nut (Orbignya phalerata Mart.) mesocarp is traditionally transformed to flour and consumed in some Brazilian areas for its attributed medicinal activity; however, its chemical properties remain to be elucidated. The present work aimed at analyzing the babassu mesocarp phytochemical constituents. Babassu nut samples were collected in the Brazilian Amazon, and their mesocarps were prepared and macerated in different solvents. The chromatographic fractionation of selected methanol extracts yielded three fractions, A-5, A-6, and B-1 that were characterized with high resolution methods. Fraction A-5 was characterized through GC/MS as a fatty acid mixture with predominance of eicosanoic (38.67 %) and 11-octadecanoic (21.71 %) acids. Fraction A-6 was characterized by the presence of three phytosteroids (32.02 %), sesquiterpene (nerolidol; 24.89 %), and diterpene (17-acetoxy-19-kauranal; 15.17 %). The 1H and 13C NMR spectra on fraction A-6 showed characteristic chemical shifts for its compounds. Compound B-1 was identified as ergostanol-3-benzoate based on NMR experiments in one and two dimensions. These results constitute the first identification of babassu mesocarp chemical constituents in 1 and 2-dimensions, paving the way to understanding its role in popular medicine.

[Resumo] A análise centra-se no programa das Casas da Criança enquadrado na obra social e educativa edificada pela ação, sucessiva, das Juntas Geral do Distrito de Coimbra, da Província da Beira Litoral e Distrital de Coimbra, lideradas por Fernando Bissaya Barreto, entre 1927 e 1974. Discute-se o programa pelo viés da inovação em educação enquanto introdução do novo e a reconfiguração das relações com o saber e o poder. Interpelamos um conjunto multivariado de fontes arquivísticas, e.g., processos de admissão às Casas da Criança, os livros de atas, plantas e alçados, fotografias e um conjunto de trabalhos elaborados por estagiárias. Das fontes publicadas destacam-se a imprensa escrita e algumas publicações contemporâneas dos acontecimentos. O corpus documental foi sujeito ao método crítico e à análise de conteúdo e recorreu-se à triangulação de fontes para uma leitura mais totalizante. Obteve-se uma compreensão complexa da realidade educacional, captando dimensões de inovação educativa e dos seus limites [Abstract] The analysis focuses on the Casas da Criança (Nursery School) program included in the social and educational work developed by the General Board of the District of Coimbra, the Board of the Province of Beira Litoral and the Board of the District of Coimbra, led by Fernando Bissaya Barreto, between 1927 and 1974. The program is discussed from the standpoint of pro-innovation bias in education in terms of the introduction of new ideas and the process of reshaping our relationship with knowledge and power. We address a multivariate set of archival sources, e.g. admission procedures to the Casas da Criança, minutes books, plans and elevations, photographs and a series of studies done by trainees. Noteworthy among the published sources are the printed media and some of the contemporary publications of the events. The documentary works were examined using the critical method and a content analysis. The triangulation of data sources was also used to obtain a more comprehensive reading. A complex understanding of the educational situation was obtained, with insight into the dimensions of educational innovation and its limits.

The genus Bauhinia belongs to the family Fabaceae and comprises about 18,000 known species in the world. In Brazil, approximately more than 60 native species of Bauhinia are found. Bauhinia leaves tea infusion or other preparations have been widely used in the Brazilian popular medicine for treatment of several illnesses. Therefore, this work aims to a better understanding of Bauhinia longifolia to provide a valuable database for its quality control, pharmacological and toxicological studies. For the chemical analysis, a liquid chromatography-high resolution quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometer method was applied to evaluate the chemical profile of Bauhinia longifolia ethanolic leaves extracts, allowing for the identification of 75 compounds comprising chemical classes of phenolic acids, proanthocyanidins, and O-glycosides flavonoids. Most polyphenols were identified for the first time in this specie. In addition, six compounds were isolated and fully identified by liquid chromatography hyphenate to solid phase extraction and nuclear magnetic resonance. Herein, myricitrin, juglanin, afzelin, and bauhiniastatin 2 are reported for the first time for Bauhinia longifolia. Bauhiniastatin 2 has been reported to display anticancer properties towards several cancer cell lines. The chemical profile herein described for the ethanolic leaves extract of Bauhinia longifolia provided essential information of this Brazilian native species.

Handroanthus serratifolius (Vahl) S. Grose [Tabebuia serratifolia (Vahl) G. Nicholson] popularly known in Brazil “ipe-amarelo" is a woody species with potential of sustainable use belonging to a genus known for being as a promising naphthoquinones source which has aroused interest in search for new biological activities. In this paper, the methanolic extract fractionation from H. serratifolius sawdust using different chromatogramphic techniques yielded naphthoquinones dehydro-α-lapachone, dehydro-iso-α-lapachone and α-lapachone, along with lignans paulownin and cycloolivil. The three naphthoquinones presented antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum where the dehydro-iso-α-lapachone was more active (IC50 of 7.53 μg/mL). This same compound also exhibited significant antifungal activity against Cryptococcus neoformans.

O presente trabalho tem como finalidade compreender as concepções de ensino de docentes da edu-cação técnica e tecnológica e contribuir para o desenvolvimento individual e coletivo dos professores dessa área de ensino. Neste sentido, a partir de um estudo de caso em uma instituição brasileira, é utilizado o inquérito por questionário Teaching Perspectives Inventory - TPI, desenvolvido por Pratt e Collins (2010) sobre as perspectivas de ensino. É também ensaiada uma aproximação conceitual entre o modelo desses autores e os diversos modelos de desenvolvimento profissional apresentados por Unruh e Turner, Katz e Gregorc nos anos de 1970; Feinian e Floclen, Sikes, Burke e Alii, Vomk e Huberman nos anos de 1980; passando por Bolam, Leithwood, Gonçalves e Fessles nos anos de 1990, Formosinho no ano de 2000 e Garcia em 2009. A docência em instituições universitárias no século XXI requerem conexão entre os conhecimentos das matérias específicas, inserindo os alunos no mundo laboral e as concepções didático/pedagógi-cas facilitando o aprendizado, não só para a prestação de exames, mas para a formação do indivíduo visando prepará-lo ao convívio coletivo do universo onde estão inseridos.A análise do levantamento dos dados estatísticos, feita através do Statistical Package for Social Science-SPSS, evidenciou que os professores apresentam uma concepção do ensino multireferencial e que esta decorre das multifunções necessárias, no contexto contemporâneo, ao desempenho de sua pro-fissão, reivindicando uma formação voltada para o domínio de práticas pedagógicas associadas aos conhecimentos específicos da matéria que lecionam

Visou-se investigar a influência da transição para agrupamentos de escolas nos resultados da Avaliação Externa de Escola (AEE) de duas organizações escolares situadas bem próximo geograficamente. Considerando os dois ciclos de AEE já finalizados em Portugal (2006-2011 e 2011-2017), efetuou-se uma análise documental (4 relatórios de AEE e 1 contraditório). Os resultados obtidos revelam, entre outros, uma melhoria da classificação no domínio “Resultados”. A passagem para agrupamento de escolas não influenciou negativamente as classificações obtidas por cada organização escolar.

Nowadays, microwave-assisted procedures using closed vessels with thermal, chemical, and mechanical resistance are the state-of-the-art for efficient digestion of samples. Safety issues related to sample reactivity should be considered and analytical throughput is also a critical parameter. The choice of a specific vessel for a target application is not trivial and simple experiments are presented here for rice flour and bovine liver samples to illustrate effects of vessel design on digestion performance. Despite using the same heating program, the residual carbon contents varied from 22 to 67% to bovine liver digests and from 7 to 96% to rice flour digests. Quantitative recoveries were obtained for most analytes. Low recoveries were observed mainly for Ca and Fe. Analytical performance is related to different sizes, shapes and the gradient of temperature for each model of digestion vessel. It was demonstrated that taller vessels improved regeneration of nitric acid.

Croton grewioides Baill. popularly known as “canelinha” or “canelinha-de-cheiro” has been used for the treatment of influenza, antitussive, febrifuge and headache; however, the study of its phytochemical composition is limited. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the extraction method and seasonality through leaf extracts of four accessions of Croton grewioides by fingerprint chromatograms aided by principal component analysis to analyze the differences and similarities among the samples. We aimed also to provide chemical characterization of isolated secondary metabolites using semi-preparative liquid chromatography. The results showed that only the chemical profile of the methanolic extracts of accessions 101 and 113 were influenced by the seasonality. For the first time, four flavonoids were isolated through semi-preparative chromatography in this species, characterized as quercetin 3-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside-(1→6)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (1), quercetin 3-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-apiopyranoside-(1→6)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (2), quercetin 3-O-glucopyranoside (3) and 3-O-methyl-quercetin (4), the flavonoid (2) has been recognized as a new triglycosylated derivative.

NMR spectroscopy is arguably the most powerful tool for the study of molecular structures and interactions, and is increasingly being applied to environmental research, such as the study of wastewater. With over 97% of the planet’s water being saltwater, and two thirds of freshwater being frozen in the ice caps and glaciers, there is a significant need to maintain and reuse the remaining 1%, which is a precious resource, critical to the sustainability of most life on Earth. Sanitation and reutilization of wastewater is an important method of water conservation, especially in arid regions, making the understanding of wastewater itself, and of its treatment processes, a highly relevant area of environmental research. Here, the benefits, challenges and subtleties of using NMR spectroscopy for the analysis of wastewater are considered. First, the techniques available to overcome the specific challenges arising from the nature of wastewater (which is a complex and dilute matrix), including an examination of sample preparation and NMR techniques (such as solvent suppression), in both the solid and solution states, are discussed. Then, the arsenal of available NMR techniques for both structure elucidation (e.g., heteronuclear, multidimensional NMR, homonuclear scalar coupling-based experiments) and the study of intermolecular interactions (e.g., diffusion, nuclear Overhauser and saturation transfer-based techniques) in wastewater are examined. Examples of wastewater NMR studies from the literature are reviewed and potential areas for future research are identified. Organized by nucleus, this review includes the common heteronuclei (13C, 15N, 19F, 31P, 29Si) as well as other environmentally relevant nuclei and metals such as 27Al, 51V, 207Pb and 113Cd, among others. Further, the potential of additional NMR methods such as comprehensive multiphase NMR, NMR microscopy and hyphenated techniques (for example, LC-SPE-NMR-MS) for advancing the current understanding of wastewater are discussed. In addition, a case study that combines natural abundance (i.e. non-concentrated), targeted and non-targeted NMR to characterize wastewater, along with in vivo based NMR to understand its toxicity, is included. The study demonstrates that, when applied comprehensively, NMR can provide unique insights into not just the structure, but also potential impacts, of wastewater and wastewater treatment processes. Finally, low-field NMR, which holds considerable future potential for on-site wastewater monitoring, is briefly discussed. In summary, NMR spectroscopy is one of the most versatile tools in modern science, with abilities to study all phases (gases, liquids, gels and solids), chemical structures, interactions, interfaces, toxicity and much more. The authors hope this review will inspire more scientists to embrace NMR, given its huge potential for both wastewater analysis in particular and environmental research in general.

Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T11:04:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-01-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Alginate only finds industrial applicability after undergoing a bleaching process to improve its visual appearance. Box-Behnken Design was used to optimize bleaching parameters (time, oxygen flow and temperature) for sodium alginate (SA) extracted from seaweeds using ozone as the bleaching agent. The optimal conditions (oxygen flow 2 L/min for 35 min at 25 °C) resulted in an ozone-bleached SA with a mannuronic/guluronic acids ratio of 0.70, viscosity-average molecular weight of 66.30 kDa and dynamic viscosity of 1.39 mPa.s, aligned to strong and brittle gels formation, which are potentially suitable for hydrogels and bioink application. Results indicated that ozonation caused depolymerization of the SA chain. Colorimetric parameters showed that ozone has a great bleaching efficacy. The bleached sample presented high antioxidant capacity, highlighting that discoloration by ozone might have minimal effects on the bioactive compounds which are valuable ingredients for food-based products. São Paulo State University (UNESP) Biological Sciences Department University of São Paulo (USP) Food Engineering Department Federal University of Sao Carlos (UFSCAR) Chemistry Department São Paulo State University (UNESP) Biological Sciences Department FAPESP: 2014/22952-6

The current pandemic crisis the world is living in has brought new and emerging challenges to teachers, making it essential to acquire digital skills, especially in virtual learning environments and online technologies. In this sense, from the DigCompEdu CheckIn self-assessment questionnaire, validated for the Portuguese population by Dias-Trindade, Moreira, and Nunes (2019), the research presented in this paper aims to identify the most fragile and robust areas of digital skills of primary and secondary education (ISCED) perceived by teachers in Portugal. The quantitative methodological approach emphasizes teachers' perception of their digital skills in three dimensions: teachers’ professional competences, teachers’ pedagogical competences and students' competences and involved 434 teachers from mainland Portugal and the Autonomous Regions. The results allow us to conclude that teachers have an overall moderate level of digital proficiency – level B1 - Integrators – and the dimensions pedagogical competences and students’ competences are those where teachers have more weaknesses than in other levels. From a panorama observed before the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, it is possible to understand their needs regarding work that involves digital technologies at different moments in the teaching activity. The results thus, show the need for teachers to increase their level of digital competence through specific training and the importance of developing public policies that prepare teachers for a more digital school. The current pandemic crisis the world is living in has brought new and emerging challenges to teachers, making it essential to acquire digital skills, especially in virtual learning environments and online technologies. In this sense, from the DigCompEdu CheckIn self-assessment questionnaire, validated for the Portuguese population by Dias-Trindade, Moreira, and Nunes (2019), the research presented in this paper aims to identify the most fragile and robust areas of digital skills of primary and secondary education (ISCED) perceived by teachers in Portugal. The quantitative methodological approach emphasizes teachers' perception of their digital skills in three dimensions: teachers’ professional competences, teachers’ pedagogical competences and students' competences and involved 434 teachers from mainland Portugal and the Autonomous Regions. The results allow us to conclude that teachers have an overall moderate level of digital proficiency – level B1 - Integrators – and the dimensions pedagogical competences and students’ competences are those where teachers have more weaknesses than in other levels. From a panorama observed before the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, it is possible to understand their needs regarding work that involves digital technologies at different moments in the teaching activity. The results thus, show the need for teachers to increase their level of digital competence through specific training and the importance of developing public policies that prepare teachers for a more digital school.

The economic reconstruction of the European continent, as regards the capitalist bloc, combined policies for consolidating representative democracy through the European Recovery Programme (the Marshall Plan) and the Organisation for European Economic Cooperation (OEEC). These policies resulted in the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), with its liberal rationale of fostering economic competitiveness using technology and a belief in the good of development. A central role in this development was played by education, with its basis in the theory of human capital. In this period, Portugal recognized the need to reposition itself internationally, at the same time making thorough internal changes. The growing role of the state in ideological control made it possible to exact a contribution to economic development from education. Education planning policies were implemented in conjunction with economic planning and development, centred around the training of qualified human resources, the valorisation of school capital, and making use of technical support from international organisations. In this polarised context, how did the goals attributed to lyceum education and its curricular structure develop? What were the objectives of the so-called Preparatory Cycle of Secondary Education (Ciclo Preparatório do Ensino Secundário - CPES). A panoply of written sources has been called upon and submitted to documentary analysis using the critical method in order to answer these questions. In a certain way, they sum up the resolution of ideas and the polarity of positions on the burning question and the creation of the CPES, and the attention dedicated, at least rhetorically, to vocational guidance.

A presente investigacao teve como objetivo geral investigar como uma politica educacional – o Programa Mais Educacao – indutora de educacao em tempo integral pode ou nao buscar uma maior ampliacao da jornada escolar e da igualdade de oportunidades na perspectiva de uma educacao de qualidade. A abordagem metodologica foi de cunho qualitativo com levantamento bibliografico e documental e realizacao de entrevista com 25 gestores escolares em seis escolas publicas cariocas. A analise dos indicadores educacionais permitiu desenharmos tres grupos de escolas que apresentam: alto desempenho; baixo desempenho; e, maior diferenca de desempenho entre os anos 2011 e 2013. Os achados da pesquisa apontam que o comprometimento, o compromisso de toda a equipe gestora, professores e funcionarios da escola fazem com que a escola obtenha sucesso nas avaliacoes externas e consiga alcancar altos indices nos indicadores educacionais. Palavras-chave: Politica Educacional. Programa Mais Educacao. Educacao em Tempo Integral. Qualidade.

Atualmente, o discurso sobre o uso de Tecnologias em ambientes educativos tem estado cada vez mais presente nos estudos sobre Educação. O uso de Tecnologias na Educação não é uma realidade recente, e a evolução dos meios tecnológicos veio modificar de forma significativa o ato de ensinar, sendo a Tecnologia cada vez mais reconhecida, também, como potenciadora das aprendizagens. Este trabalho, em estreita ligação entre História e Educação, visa apresentar uma revisão sistemática da literatura a partir da análise qualitativa de periódicos dos principais Liceus portugueses sobre o uso da Tecnologia no contexto educativo português desde o dealbar do século XX até ao início do ensino computorizado, enquadrado numa visão internacional, numa perspetiva coetânea do uso e da forma de apropriação da Tecnologia nas escolas portuguesas. As principais conclusões deste estudo indiciam uma introdução da Tecnologia na escola portuguesa que segue a disseminação concretizada noutros países, em particular nos EUA, porém, sugerindo uma lenta difusão, com uma utilização essencialmente esporádica, fruto da escassez de recursos e pouca aposta em formação docente, conferindo ao uso da Tecnologia na escola um caráter mais irregular e lúdico do que verdadeiramente integrado em práticas pedagógicas com vista a promover a qualidade das aprendizagens. Currently, the discussion on the use of Technologies in educational environments has been increasingly present in studies on Education. The use of Technologies in Education is not a recent reality, and the evolution of technological resources has changed in a way that has significantly changed the act of teaching, and Technology is increasingly being recognized, too, as a means of enhancing learning. This work, in close connection between History and Education, aims to present a systematic literature review from a qualitative analysis of journals of the main Portuguese Lyceums on the use of Technology in the educational Portuguese context from early 20th century to the beginning of computerized teaching, framed in an international view, in a cohesive perspective of the use and, above all, of the way of appropriation of technology in Portuguese schools. The main conclusions of this study suggest an introduction of Technology in Portuguese schools that follows its dissemination in other countries, in particular the USA, suggesting, however, a slow dissemination, with an essentially sporadic use, fruit of the scarcity of resources and little focus on teacher training, giving the use of Technology in school a more irregular and playful character rather than an effective integration in pedagogical practices in order to promote the quality of learning. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

O presente trabalho constitui um bosquejo dos caminhos da educação de infância em Portugal, ao longo de 150 anos, entre 1834 e o fim do Estado Novo, em abril de 1974. Visa produzir uma leitura compreensiva da evolução do pensamento e ação sobre o cuidar e educar das crianças na primeira infância. Centra-se na análise do discurso oficial, no pensamento e debate pedagógico, bem como na sua concretização. O corpus documental é constituído pela produção legislativa e por uma coletânea de textos sobre a educação infantil, compilados na imprensa de educação e ensino. Estas fontes oferecem uma aproximação às ideias, propostas, projetos e iniciativas que, seja por via do Estado ou corporizadas pela sociedade civil, se foram esboçando, estiilando ou concretizando no longo período de construção da modernidade em Portugal. Ao Sujeitas ao método crítico e à análise de conteúdo, o seu escrutínio permitiu observar que a difusão das ideias e a concretização de políticas e instituições educativas destinadas a esta faixa etária, profundamente marcadas pelas condições materiais e simbólicas da formação social portuguesa, foi morosa e eivada de dificuldades. Em larga medida, expressão do locus nacional, traduziu uma apropriação de teorias e práticas internacionais. This paper is a summary of the paths in early childhood education in Portugal, during 1834 and the end of the Estado Novo, in April of 1974, proposing a comprehensive reading of the evolution of thinking and action on the care and education of children in early childhood. This text also focuses on the analysis of official discourse, thought and pedagogical debate, as well as its realization. The documentary corpus used in this article, consists of the legislative production and a collection of texts on early childhood education, compiled in the education and teaching press. Those sources allow us to analyze ideas, proposals, projects and initiatives that, either through the State or embodied by civil society, were marking the long period of construction of modernity in Portugal. The documentary body was subjected to the critical method and content analysis, that showed that the diffusion of ideas and the implementation of educational policies and institutions was slow and accompanied by difficulties. Slow process that was rooted in the material and symbolic conditions of portuguese society. To a large extent, an expression of the national locus, translated an appropriation of international theories and practices. Este documento es un resumen de los caminos de la educación de la primera infancia en Portugal, durante 150 años, entre 1834 y el final del Estado Novo, en abril de 1974. Su objetivo es producir una lectura de la evolución del pensamiento y la acción sobre el cuidado y la educación de los niños. Se centra en el análisis del discurso oficial, el pensamiento y el debate pedagógico, así como su realización. El corpus documental consiste en la producción legislativa y una colección de textos sobre educación de la primera infancia, compilados en la prensa pedagógica. Estas fuentes ofrecen una aproximación a las ideas, propuestas, proyectos e iniciativas que, ya sea a través del estado o encarnadas por la sociedad civil, se han esbozado, estirado o materializado en el largo período de construcción de la modernidad en Portugal. Al someterlas al método crítico y al análisis de contenido, su escrutinio nos permitió observar que la difusión de ideas y la implementación de políticas e instituciones educativas para este grupo de edad, profundamente marcada por las condiciones materiales y simbólicas de la formación social portuguesa, fue lenta y marcada por dificultades. En gran medida, la expresión del locus nacional tradujo una apropiación de teorías y prácticas internacionales.

Collective behavior is a common feature of life. Although swarming motility and biofilms are opposed collective behaviors, both contribute to bacterial survival and host colonization. We have identified a link between motility/biofilms and a nonribosomal peptide synthetase-polyketide synthase gene cluster family (ppp) conserved in Pseudovibrio and Pseudomonas Proteobacteria known to interact with diverse eukaryotes. After developing reverse genetics for Pseudovibrio, we discovered two pseudovibriamide families, heptapeptides with a reversal in chain polarity via an ureido linkage 1-6 and related nonadepsipeptides 7-12. Imaging mass spectrometry showed that 1 was excreted whereas 7 was colony-associated. Deletion of pppA abolished production of 1-12 leading to reduced motility and increased biofilm production. pppD mutants that produced only 1-6 showed motility comparable to the wild-type and reduced biofilm formation, indicating that the excreted heptapeptides play a role in promoting motility. In contrast to lipopeptides widely known to affect swarming and biofilms, pseudovibriamides are not surfactants. Our results expand current knowledge on metabolites mediating bacterial collective behavior. Moreover, the establishment of reverse genetics will enable future exploration of the ecological and biotechnological potential of Pseudovibrio bacteria which have been proposed to contribute to marine sponge health.SignificanceBacteria contribute to health and disease of plants and animals. Specialized metabolites produced by bacteria are important in mediating their behavior and the colonization of their hosts. We have identified a conserved gene cluster family in Pseudovibrio and Pseudomonas bacteria known to colonize marine animals and terrestrial plants, respectively. Using Pseudovibrio as a model, we show the encoded metabolites, which we termed pseudovibriamides, promote motility and decrease biofilms. In contrast to lipopeptides widely known to affect motility/biofilms, pseudovibriamides are not surfactants, but instead are linear peptides with a reversal in chain polarity. The discovery of pseudovibriamides expands current knowledge of bacteria collective behavior. The establishment of reverse genetics will enable exploration of the ecological and biotechnological potential of Pseudovibrio bacteria.ClassificationBiological Sciences, Microbiology

Background: The current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has provoked the collapse of some health systems due to insufficient intensive care unit capacity. The use of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and high-flow nasal oxygen (HFNO) therapies has been limited in consideration of the risk of occupational infection in health-care professionals. Aims: In preclinical experimental simulations, evaluate occupational and environmental safety of the newly developed isolation system for aerosol-transmitted infections (ISATI). Method: Simulations were conducted to test ISATI's capability to isolate aerosolized molecular (caffeine), and biological (SARS-CoV-2 synthetic RNA) markers. Caffeine deposition was analyzed on nitrocellulose sensor discs by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Synthetic SARS-CoV-2 detection was performed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Results: ISATI demonstrated efficacy in isolating molecular and biological markers within the enclosed environment in simulated conditions of CPAP, HFNO and mechanical ventilation therapy. Neither the molecular marker nor substantial amounts of synthetic SARS-CoV-2 RNA were detected in the surrounding environment, outside ISATI, indicating appropriate occupational safety for health-care professionals. Conclusion: Aerosolized markers were successfully contained within ISATI in all experimental simulations, offering occupational and environmental protection against the dissemination of aerosolized microparticles under CPAP or HFNO therapy conditions, which are indicated for patients with acute respiratory infections.

Although many copper-based antimicrobial compounds have been developed to control pathogenic bacteria and fungi in plants and applied for crop protection, there is evidence that several plant pathogens have developed resistance to copper-based antimicrobial compounds, including some Xanthomonas species. Xylella is a bacterial genus belonging to the Xanthomonas family; and X. fastidiosa, which is responsible for citrus variegated chlorosis (CVC) in sweet orange, may develop resistance to one or more copper-based antimicrobials. Because of the time required for the development and approval of new antimicrobials for commercial use, the discovery of novel bactericidal compounds is essential before the development of resistance to the antimicrobials currently in use becomes widespread. Here, we explored the antimicrobial potential of two newly synthesized antimicrobials complexes and one natural compound against X. fastidiosa. Several nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) assays with high resolution and sensitivity were developed to identify new diastereoisomers in the context of octahedral ruthenium - [Ru(narin)(phen)2]PF6-and magnesium naringenin 5-alkoxide - [Mg(narin)(phen)2]OAc - complexes, obtained in the present work. The NMR assays proved to be powerful tools for the identification of isomers in metal complexes. Moreover, a protocol for the in-vivo determination of the effects of these complexes against X. fastidiosa was developed. The main trunks of X. fastidiosa infected plants were injected with the two complexes as well as with the limonoid azadirachtin using a syringe; the number of bacterial cells in the plants following treatment was estimated via real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). Importantly, the administration of both complexes and of azadirachtin drastically reduced the number of X. fastidiosa cells in vivo.

In this paper, a series of new ruthenium complexes of the general formula [Ru(NS)(dpphpy)(dppb)]PF6 (Ru1-Ru3), where dpphpy = diphenyl-2-pyridylphosphine, NS ligands = 2-thiazoline-2-thiol (tzdt, Ru1), 2-mercaptopyrimidine (pySm, Ru2), and 4,6-diamino-2-mercaptopyrimidine (damp, Ru3), and dppb = 1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane, were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, spectroscopic techniques (IR, UV/visible, and 1D and 2D NMR), and X-ray diffraction. In the characterization, the correlation between the phosphorus atoms and their respective aromatic hydrogen atoms of the compounds in the assignment stands outs, by 1H-31P HMBC experiments. The compounds show anticancer activities against A549 (lung) and MDA-MB-231 (breast) cancer cell lines, higher than the clinical drug cisplatin. All of the complexes are more cytotoxic against the cancer cell lines than against the MRC-5 (lung) and MCF-10A (breast) nontumorigenic human cell lines. For A549 tumor cells, cell cycle analysis upon treatment with Ru2 showed that it inhibits the mitotic phase because arrest was observed in the Sub-G1 phase. Additionally, the compound induces cell death by an apoptotic pathway in a dose-dependent manner, according to annexin V-PE assay. The multitargeted character of the compounds was investigated, and the biomolecules were DNA, topoisomerase IB, and proteasome, as well as the fundamental biomolecule in the pharmacokinetics of drugs, human serum albumin. The experimental results indicate that the complexes do not target DNA in the cells. At low concentrations, the compounds showed the ability to partially inhibit the catalytic activity of topoisomerase IB in the process of relaxation of the DNA plasmid. Among the complexes assayed in cultured cells, complex Ru3 was able to diminish the proteasomal chymotrypsin-like activity to a greater extent.