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The recent developments in RFID, intelligent sensors, Internet protocols, and communication technologies enable IoT. The fundamental principle is to have smart sensors collaborate directly to deliver novel applications without any human intervention. Moreover, in this emerging era, machine-to-machine (M2M) technology is seen as a primary concern in the IoT’s initial phase. The IoT is anticipated to bridge various technologies that permit different applications to physical objects interconnected with each other in supporting intelligent and efficient decision-making processes. This chapter begins by covering the IoT architecture with a horizontal overview. Then, an outline of certain technical details relating to the technologies, communication protocols and, applications enabling IoT is discussed. This chapter content is much more extensive in its coverage compared to similar existing papers in the field and exhaustively covers most major technologies, ranging from sensors to applications.