Search

Your search keyword '"Araki, Kazuaki"' showing total 114 results
Start Over Author "Araki, Kazuaki"
114 results on '"Araki, Kazuaki"'

8. Impairment of motor coordination, Purkinje cell synapse formation, and cerebellar long-term depression in gluRdelta2 mutant mice

Author

Kashiwabuchi, Nobuko, Ikeda, Kazutaka, Hirano, Tomoo, Shibuki, Katsuei, Takayama, Chitoshi, Inoue, Yoshiro, Kutsuwada, Tatsuya, Yagi, Takeshi, Kang, Youngnam, Aizawa, Shinichi, Mishina, Masayoshi, and Araki, Kazuaki

Subjects
Neurotransmitter receptors -- Physiological aspects, Purkinje cells -- Research, Cerebellum -- Abnormalities, Synapses -- Research, Biological sciences
Abstract

The delta 2 subunit of the glutamate receptor (GLuR) channel is localized selectively in cerebellar Purkinje cells. Analysis by gene targeting has shown that it is important for motor coordination, as well as the formation of synapses between parallel fibers and Purkinje cells and between climbing fibers and Purkinje cells. Loss of the delta 2 subunit results in changes in the long-term depression of synaptic transmission between parallel fiber and Purkinje cells. Result suggests that synaptic plasticity is closely related to synapse formation in the cerebellum.

Published
1995

11. Molecular diversity of the NMDA receptor channel

Author

Kutsuwada, Tatsuya, Kashiwabuchi, Nobuko, Mori, Hisashi, Sakimura, Kenji, Kushiya, Etsuko, Araki, Kazuaki, Meguro, Hiroyuki, Masaki, Hisashi, Kumanishi, Toshiro, Arakawa, Masaaki, and Mishina, Masayoshi

Subjects
Methyl aspartate -- Research, Brain chemistry -- Research, Molecular neurobiology -- Research, Environmental issues, Science and technology, Zoology and wildlife conservation
Published
1992

12. Functional characterization of a heteromeric NMDA receptor channel expressed from cloned cDNAs

Author

Meguro, Hiroyuki, Mori, Hisashi, Araki, Kazuaki, Kushiya, Etsuko, Kutsuwada, Tatsuya, Yamazaki, Makoto, Kumanishi, Toshiro, Arakawa, Masaaki, Sakimura, Kenji, and Mishina, Masayoshi

Subjects
Methyl aspartate -- Genetic aspects, Glutamate -- Genetic aspects, Gene expression -- Research, Antisense DNA -- Research, Environmental issues, Science and technology, Zoology and wildlife conservation
Published
1992

14. 森林環境税の理論と実際

Author

Araki, Kazuaki, 諸富, 徹, 岡田, 知弘, and 長谷川, 誠

Subjects
地域づくり, 森林環境税, 生態系サービスへの支払い, 県民会議, 参加型税制
Published
2018

16. The Future of the Hokkaido Dairy Industry during the Period of Food Shortages

Author

Araki, Kazuaki

Abstract

The trade negotiations between Japan and Australia which is proceeding now will create big problems. If Japan agrees with Australia concerning trade liberalization, in the short term, Japanese Agricultural Industry will collapse because of low priced food from Australia. In the long term, Japan will be threatened by an unstable food supply owing to drought in Australia. The difference in the competitiveness Japanese farms and Australian ones depends mainly on farm size. However, Australian farms have some barren soil, so the difference is significantly reduced. The average size of a dairy farm in Australia is only 3.3 times that of one in Hokkaido. It is not good for dairy farmers in Hokkaido to give up competing with oversea producers owing to farm size because they will not make effort to improve their farm businesses. It is very important for dairy farmers in Hokkaido to change their farming system. Firstly, they have to change the dairy farming system from a breeding system where they feed a lot of grain from oversea to their cows in their barns all year around to a grazing system in summer. It will reduce the cost of milk due to a lower input of labor, energy and machinery. Secondly, they have to promote the Farm Type TMR Center which produces the total mixed ration feed and supplies the feed to their members. The Center creates big farms by combining the members' farmlands. Thirdly, they have to improve the quality of milk, for example by introducing organic dairy farming. Fourthly, they have to establish an acceptance system for newcomers, so the Japanese government has to change the budget system for dairy farming.

Published
2009

20. The Development of Diary Farming in Grassland Areas and Governmental Policy for Dairy Farming Regions and the Environment in Hokkaido(REPORTS AND DISCUSSIONS AT THE ANNUAL MEETING OF THE SOCIETY IN 1998: Regional and Environmental Polices under the New Agricultural Policy and Agriculture in Hokkaido: Focus on Upland and Dairy Farming)

Author

Araki, Kazuaki

Abstract

Hokkaido's dairy farmers have enlarged their farm sizes significantly while reducing labor requirements. This enlargement was possible because of the introduction of labor saving techniques such as machinery for harvesting roughage, facilities for managing cows, group work organizations for harvesting roughage, a dairy farm support system and feed concentrates. Despite these changes, Japan's milk production costs have become the highest in the world. The reason for this is the typical management system of keeping cows in sheds all year round while using a land system where farmers raise grass and fodder crops on scattered parcels of land. This also results in manure piled around the sheds that pollute rivers and underground water sources. The way to resolve these problems is to adopt a farm system based on unit land and an intensive grazing system. This is a strategy that can be adopted from the system used by the agricultural investment company in New Zealand.

Published
2000

21. Assessment of copy number variations in the brain genome of schizophrenia patients

Author

Sakai, Miwako, primary, Watanabe, Yuichiro, additional, Someya, Toshiyuki, additional, Araki, Kazuaki, additional, Shibuya, Masako, additional, Niizato, Kazuhiro, additional, Oshima, Kenichi, additional, Kunii, Yasuto, additional, Yabe, Hirooki, additional, Matsumoto, Junya, additional, Wada, Akira, additional, Hino, Mizuki, additional, Hashimoto, Takeshi, additional, Hishimoto, Akitoyo, additional, Kitamura, Noboru, additional, Iritani, Shuji, additional, Shirakawa, Osamu, additional, Maeda, Kiyoshi, additional, Miyashita, Akinori, additional, Niwa, Shin-ichi, additional, Takahashi, Hitoshi, additional, Kakita, Akiyoshi, additional, Kuwano, Ryozo, additional, and Nawa, Hiroyuki, additional

Published
2015
Full Text
View/download PDF

26. Molecular pathology of ErbB signaling in schizophrenia and its models

Author

Nawa, Hiroyuki, primary, Mizuno, Makoto, additional, Sotoyama, Hidekazu, additional, Zheng, Yingjun, additional, Kato, Taisuke, additional, Abe, Yuichi, additional, Sakai, Miwako, additional, Shibuya, Masako, additional, Eda, Takeyoshi, additional, Wang, Ran, additional, Araki, Kazuaki, additional, Ishizuka, Yuta, additional, Takei, Nobuyuki, additional, Iwakura, Yuriko, additional, and Namba, Hisaaki, additional

Published
2009
Full Text
View/download PDF

32. Molecular and Functional Diversity of the NMDA Receptor Channela

Author

MISHINA, MASAYOSHI, primary, MORI, HISASHI, additional, ARAKI, KAZUAKI, additional, KUSHIYA, ETSUKO, additional, MEGURO, HIROYUKI, additional, KUTSUWADA, TATSUYA, additional, KASHIWABUCHI, NOBUKO, additional, IKEDA, KAZUTAKA, additional, NAGASAWA, MICHIAKI, additional, YAMAZAKI, MAKOTO, additional, MASAKI, HISASHI, additional, YAMAKURA, TOMOHIRO, additional, MORITA, TAKAO, additional, and SAKIMURA, KENJI, additional

Published
1993
Full Text
View/download PDF

44. A Novel Rat Orthologue and Homologue for the Drosophila crooked neck Gene in Neural Stem Cells and Their Immediate Descendants.

Author

Amada, Naoki, Tezuka, Tomoyuki, Mayeda, Akila, Araki, Kazuaki, Takei, Nobuyuki, Todokoro, Kazuo, and Nawa, Hiroyuki

Subjects
LABORATORY rats, NEURAL stem cells, DROSOPHILA, MESSENGER RNA, CELL differentiation
Abstract

The crooked neck (crn) gene of Drosophila melanogaster encodes a scaffold protein carrying multiple tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) motifs, and its mutation results in a reduction in the number of neuroblasts and lethality during larval stages. Here, we isolated two structurally related genes from a rat embryonic brain cDNA library. One gene is the rat orthologue of crn, which encodes 690 amino acids including 16 copies of TPR. The other gene, ATH55, encodes an 855 amino acid protein including 21 TPR motifs, which presumably represents a rat crn homologue and an orthologue of human XAB2. Both genes are highly expressed in embryonic brain but their expressions decrease during development. ATH55-like immunoreactivity is present in the ventricular zone and newly formed cortical plate, while CRN-like immunoreactivity is more abundant in a younger ventricular zone. In agreement, both proteins were found to be enriched in cultured neural stem cells and to decrease in response to cell differentiation signals. As indicated for the yeast CRN-like protein, ATH55 and CRN immunoreactivities were both recovered in the nuclear fraction and detected in the splicing complex carrying pre-mRNA. These findings suggest that both TPR-motif-containing proteins are involved in RNA processing of mammalian neural stem cells and their immediate descendants. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
2003
Full Text
View/download PDF

45. Molecular Characterization of a Novel Gamma-Glutamyl Transpeptidase Homologue Found in Rat Brain1.

Author

Yamaguchi, Tsuyoshi, Takei, Nobuyuki, Araki, Kazuaki, Ishii, Kyoko, Nagano, Takashi, Ichikawa, Tomio, Kumanishi, Toshiro, and Nawa, Hiroyuki

Subjects
AMINO acids, ACRYLAMIDE, GLUTAMYL-tRNA synthetase, TRANSPEPTIDATION, PEPTIDASE, DNA
Abstract

A cDNA clone for a novel homologue to -γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GTP), termed GTPH, was isolated from a rat brain expression cDNA library using antisera against total brain synaptosomal fractions. The cloned GTPH consists of 641 amino acid residues (78 kDa) and exhibits structural similarity with a conventional type of γ-GTP that is predominantly expressed in the liver: They share significant amino acid homology (33% identity, 73% similarity) spanning over the entire sequence. RNA analyses revealed that GTPH mRNA expression is found only in the nervous system, including all brain regions, eyes and peripheral ganglia, and increases during development. Endogenous GTPH protein is a membrane-bound glycoenzyme and migrates as 90-100 kDa in poly-acrylamide gels. Taken together, GTPH is a novel form of a γ-GTP-like molecule expressed exclusively in the nervous system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2000
Full Text
View/download PDF

48. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor regulates surface expression of alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazoleproprionic acid receptors by enhancing the N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor/GluR2 interaction in developing neocortical neurons.

Author

Narisawa-Saito, Mako, Iwakura, Yuriko, Kawamura, Meiko, Araki, Kazuaki, Kozaki, Shunji, Takei, Nobuyuki, and Nawa, Hiroyuki

Abstract

In hippocampal neurons, the exocytotic process of alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazoleproprionic acid (AMPA)-type glutamate receptors is known to depend on activation of N-methyl-d-aspartate channels and its resultant Ca(2+) influx from extracellular spaces. Here we found that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) induced a rapid surface translocation of AMPA receptors in an activity-independent manner in developing neocortical neurons. The receptor translocation became evident within hours as monitored by [(3)H]AMPA binding and was resistant against ionotropic glutamate receptor antagonists as evidenced with surface biotinylation assay. This process required intracellular Ca(2+) and was inhibited by the blockers of conventional exocytosis, brefeldin A, botulinum toxin B, and N-ethylmaleimide. To explore the translocation mechanism of individual AMPA receptor subunits, we utilized the human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells carrying the BDNF receptor TrkB. After the single transfection of GluR2 cDNA or GluR1 cDNA into HEK/TrkB cells, BDNF triggered the translocation of GluR2 but not that of GluR1. Subsequent mutation analysis of GluR2 carboxyl-terminal region indicated that the translocation of GluR2 subunit in HEK293 cells involved its N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor-binding domain but not its PDZ-interacting site. Following co-transfection of GluR1 and GluR2 cDNAs, solid phase cell sorting revealed that GluR1 subunits were also able to translocate to the cell surface in response to BDNF. An immunoprecipitation assay confirmed that BDNF stimulation can enhance the interaction of GluR2 with N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor. These results reveal a novel role of BDNF in regulating the surface expression of AMPA receptors through a GluR2-NSF interaction.

Published
2002
Full Text
View/download PDF

49. Molecular cloning of cDNA of S100α subunit mRNA

Author

Kuwano, Ryozo, Maeda, Toshinaga, Usui, Hiroshi, Araki, Kazuaki, Yamakuni, Toru, Ohshima, Yuka, Kurihara, Tadashi, and Takahashi, Yasuo

Abstract

The primary structure of the bovine S‐100α mRNA on the basis of molecular cloning and sequence analysis of the cDNA are described. The sequence is composed of 532 bp which include the 282 bp of the complete coding region, 89 bp at the 5'‐noncoding region, 161 bp at the 3'‐noncoding region, polyadenylation signal, ATTAAA and poly(A) tail. Northern blot analysis shows that the size of S‐100α mRNA is about 700–800 bases long and a single mRNA occurs in bovine brain. Bovine brain contains both S100α and β subunits and their mRNAs. In contrast, the rat brain contains only S 100α subunit and its mRNA.

Published
1986
Full Text
View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results