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Background: Health care systems and with them the design of primary care differ considerably in the individual European countries. The aim of this article is to provide a comparative description of the framework conditions of primary care in Germany, Great Britain, Italy, the Netherlands, and Norway. Methods: The comparison is primarily based on the Commonwealth Fund's International Health Care System Profiles from 2020, supplemented by published analyses of individual countries, international surveys and comparisons, and published reports from general practitioners (GPs) about working in other countries. Results: Measured in terms of gross national product, Germany has the highest health care expenditure, the number of hospital beds is by far the highest, and at the same time the length of stay is comparatively long. The immediate framework conditions for primary care differ significantly between the individual countries in many respects, e.g., with regard to the gatekeeper function, the remuneration system, the practice size, and the team composition. International surveys show that the average weekly working hours and the number of patient contacts are by far the highest in Germany. Job satisfaction is lower in Germany and currently in the UK than in the other countries. Conclusion: Our comparison illustrates the partly massive differences in the countries considered. Several indicators suggest that the framework conditions of primary care in Germany are not particularly favorable in an international comparison, despite the overall high health care expenditure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Gruppe. Interaktion. Organisation: Zeitschrift für Angewandte Organisationspsychologie (GIO) is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Medical laboratory technicians (MLTs) play an essential role in health care, and the profession has to deal increasingly with staff shortages. Consequently, retention of employees has become a crucial issue. So far, little attention has been paid to generational differences in factors regarding job satisfaction of MLTs, and comparatively few studies have included the youngest cohort of Generation Z. The aim of this study was to analyse aspects of MLTs’ job satisfaction from a generational perspective and to identify potential for improvement according to the different generations studied.

Copyright of Psychotherapie Forum is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Die Arbeitszufriedenheit von Lehrkräften stellt eine zentrale Komponente dar, um guten Unterricht zu gewährleisten und schulische Entwicklungsprozesse - worunter auch die Umsetzung von schulischer Inklusion gefasst wird - erfolgreich durchzuführen. In inklusiven Schulen müssen die Aufgaben und Zuständigkeiten von sonderpädagogischen Lehrkräften und Regelschullehrkräften verhandelt werden. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird einerseits die Arbeitszufriedenheit von sonderpädagogischen Lehrkräften und Regelschullehrkräften in inklusiven Gesamt- und Sekundarschulen in NRW untersucht. Andererseits wird die Zufriedenheit mit der Beteiligung an verschiedenen schulischen Aufgaben als Einflussgröße auf die allgemeine Arbeitszufriedenheit überprüft. Dazu werden Daten aus dem Projekt BiFoKi analysiert. Die Ergebnisse der Analysen zeigen, dass von einer relativen Zufriedenheit beider Lehrkräftegruppen gesprochen werden kann, wobei die Regelschullehrkräfte signifikant zufriedener mit ihrer Arbeit sind als die sonderpädagogischen Lehrkräfte. Die Zufriedenheit mit der Beteiligung an den unterschiedlichen Aufgaben zeigt für beide Gruppen einen signifikanten Zusammenhang zur allgemeinen Arbeitszufriedenheit. Abstract The job satisfaction of teachers is a central component in ensuring good teaching and successful school development processes, including the implementation of school inclusion. In inclusive schools, the tasks and responsibilities of special education teachers and general education teachers need to be negotiated. In this paper, on the one hand, the job satisfaction of special education teachers and general education teachers in inclusive comprehensive and secondary schools in NRW is investigated. On the other hand, satisfaction with participation in various school tasks is examined as a variable influencing general job satisfaction. For this purpose, data from the project BiFoKi are analyzed. The results of the analyses show that it is possible to speak of a relative satisfaction of both groups of teachers, whereby the general education teachers are significantly more satisfied with their work than the special education teachers. The satisfaction with the participation in the different tasks shows a significant correlation to the general job satisfaction for both groups.

Copyright of Gruppe. Interaktion. Organisation: Zeitschrift für Angewandte Organisationspsychologie (GIO) is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of HeilberufeSCIENCE is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Gruppe. Interaktion. Organisation: Zeitschrift für Angewandte Organisationspsychologie (GIO) is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background Well-being of health care professionals is becoming more and more important. Research often focuses on deficits and health impairments. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate what contributes to the sense of happiness among family physicians and practice assistants. Methods Between April and October 2018, we conducted semi-structured interviews and observations with family physicians and practice assistants in North Rhine-Westphalia. The analyses followed the content-structuring, qualitative content analysis according to Kuckartz supported by the software NVivo. Results We observed in five practices and interviewed eleven family physicians and 15 practice assistants. The core topics were teamwork, relationship to patients, local roots, patient-practice-fit and effectiveness of work. Conclusions The results indicate conditions conducive to happiness. The findings may inform the development of targed-group-specific behavioural interventions (happiness training) for family physicians and practice assistants. In particular, the team and the relationship to patients should to be addressed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This questionnaire-based cross-sectional analysis with 2037 Swiss general practitioners (GPs) focused on young GPs (≤40 years) and investigated which preconditions would allow them high satisfaction and low stress levels in their work. Young GPs (n = 206) are more often female (57 %, p <0.001), 46 % are employed, have a lower workload (38.2 vs. 44.0 hours per week, p <0.001) and plan significantly more often consultations of 30 minutes (p = 0.006) than older colleagues. Under 40-year-old GPs were more satisfied with their work situation (p = 0.046), but had a higher stress level (p = 0.01) compared to GPs >40 years of age. Administrative tasks tend to increase stress levels (p = 0.054). Knowing the problems of the young GP workforce is essential to securing the next generation of physicians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Worldwide, public forest institutions play critical roles in achieving forest management targets such as developing forest policy, intervention planning, sustainable management, facilitating public access and recreation, and monitoring forest conditions. The efficiency in maintaining these functions interacts with the working conditions in public forest institutions, especially at a local level. In Turkey, almost all forest areas have public ownership and are managed by the public forest agency. Forest Chief Units (FCU) are the smallest organizational units and forest chiefs (FC) work as land managers. This study compared the working conditions of FCs over a 15-year period. Questionnaires were given to FCs working in Regional Forest Directorate (RFD) of Istanbul in 2002 and again in 2017. I managed to get responses from the almost entire population of FCs in both surveys. The questionaire revealed an improvement in occupational equipment, technology, and communication opportunities. On the other hand, there was no significant improvement in conditions related to workload, working hours, distribution of work, organizational units, and aspects of administration including participation in decision-making, coordination, and delegation. The results further revealed that political bodies induced the highest level of pressure on working conditions of FCs in both 2002 and 2017. Over 15 years no signifiant improvement in working conditions of FCs at the local level was achieved, except for some physical working conditions. The results of this study could support decision-making towards job satisfaction and improving working conditions, especially for publicly managed forests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Die vorgestellte Studie fokussiert auf Situationen und Bedingungen für Arbeitszufriedenheit im Lehrer*innenberuf. Theoretische Grundlage bildet das salutogenetische Modell von Antonovsky mit der zentralen Kategorie des Kohärenzgefühls. Damit ist das subjektive Gefühl von Stimmigkeit gemeint, d.h. das Gefühl eines befriedigenden, sinnstiftenden Arbeitsalltags. Im Rahmen eines Praxisforschungsprojektes wurden vier narrative Interviews mit Lehrpersonen geführt, die objektiv-hermeneutisch ausgewertet wurden. Als Ergebnis zeigen sich vier kontrastierende Argumentationsmuster, die latente Sinnstrukturen und komplexe Zusammenhänge von subjektiven Interpretationen bezüglich des Arbeitsauftrages, der Zielsetzung und der damit verknüpften Bewertung von Erfolgen und Misserfolgen offenlegen. Erkennbar werden verschiedene Bewertungs- und Verarbeitungsprozesse des Handelns von Lehrpersonen. Komplexe Ambivalenzen im beruflichen Alltagshandeln zwischen der eigenen Verausgabungsbereitschaft, Belastungs- und Überforderungssituationen und notwendigen Distanzierungsfähigkeiten werden deutlich. Diskutiert werden die Befunde vor dem Hintergrund, dass es kein verbindliches Berufs- und Anforderungsprofil für den Lehrer*innenberuf und das Handeln von Lehrpersonen zu geben scheint. Dieser weite Handlungsspielraum führt bei Lehrer*innen zu unterschiedlichen Interpretationen der eigenen Berufsrolle, des Arbeitsauftrages und der Wahrnehmung der an sie gestellten Anforderungen und Erwartungen.

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Copyright of GENDER: Zeitschrift für Geschlecht, Kultur und Gesellschaft is the property of Verlag Barbara Budrich GmbH and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Positive Konzepte des Wohlbefindens werden auch im Arbeitskontext verstärkt diskutiert – insbesondere Arbeitszufriedenheit und -engagement. In unserem metaanalytischen Review gingen wir der Frage nach, ob sich diese positiven Facetten arbeitsbezogenen Wohlbefindens fördern lassen und welche Merkmale der Tätigkeit (Ressourcen) dazu beitragen. Sowohl Arbeitsengagement als auch Arbeitszufriedenheit lassen sich durch tätigkeitsbezogene Ressourcen steigern, für Arbeitszufriedenheit sind soziale Ressourcen bedeutsamer als für Arbeitsengagement. Recently, a growing number of research focuses on positive concepts of occupational well-being – especially on job satisfaction and work engagement. In our meta-analytic review, we examined if and through which job resources these positive aspects of occupational well-being may be stimulated. Both, work engagement and job satisfaction can be increased through task-related resources. However, social resources are more important for increasing job satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]