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HACCP (Hazard analysis critical control point) is a WHO (World Health Organization) recommended, renowned and widely practiced control tool towards food safety to counter the possibilities of FBD (food borne diseases) be it chemical or biological in food handling areas. Experimental Approach the study embarks upon the identification and controlling the possibilities of food contamination in each and every step even before it may occur. In the modern scenario, guests visiting the hotels are health and hygiene conscious and are also equipped with latest knowledge. Apart from that, Government with its rules and regulations is highly attentive towards public health. The study suggests that adherence to HACCP procedures helps in establishing maintain better hygiene leading to better rapport between the service providers and the customers. Methods this paper is an attempt to find out HACCP practical implications and its effect on operations of food production areas of 12 five-star category hotels in Delhi NCR (National Capital Region) during two months period of June and July 2021. The responses of the staff members from food production department were recorded in a questionnaire on a Likert scale of 5. Therefore, implication of HACCP can prove out to be really helpful as an effective and efficient control process in coping up with the possibilities of food contamination. Adherence to the same will give competitive edge to the hotels at the same time contributing significantly towards improvising the food production process, reducing the various costs involved enhancing the quality and quantity of the final product, increased guest satisfaction and hence leading to more revenue generation. Keywords: Food borne diseases, Food contamination, HACCP, Health and hygiene.

In the past few years, 3D technology becomes an important component of the locomotive and automobile industry. But, in the field of pharmaceutical sciences, it is quiet new and innovative technology and now getting more attention of the pharmaceutical industries. The article is divided into two parts. The first part incorporates the 3D printing base technologies while the second part of the article focuses on the applications of 3D printing in the pharmaceutical field which includes polypills, gastro retentive dosage form, orodispersable tables, implants. In the past few years, even the USFDA approves and appreciates the use of 3D printing in the pharmaceutical field. The 3D printing in pharmaceutical sciences has the capability to cause a revolution in the health care system. The main purpose of incorporation of 3D printing in pharmaceutical sciences is the development of patient oriented dosage forms.3D printing can be used to solve the problems related to poorly soluble drugs, peptides, potent drugs and release of drugs. Advancement in 3D printing can solve the problems related to the drug delivery system. From the industrial point of view, 3D printing can be cost effective, enhances productivity and manufacturing. Here, we provide the overview and applications of 3D printing in pharmaceutical sciences.

Identification of placental dysfunction in early pregnancy with noninvasive imaging could be a valuable tool for assessing maternal and fetal risk. Dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be a powerful tool for interrogating placenta health. After inoculation with Zika virus or sham inoculation at gestation age (GA) 45 or 55 days, animals were imaged up to three times at GA65, GA100, and GA145. DCE MRI images were acquired at all imaging sessions using ferumoxytol, an iron nanoparticle-based contrast agent, and analyzed for placental intervillous blood flow, number of perfusion domains, and perfusion domain volume. Cesarean section was performed at GA155, and the placenta was photographed and dissected for histopathology. Photographs were used to align cotyledons with estimated perfusion domains from MRI, allowing comparison of estimated cotyledon volume to pathology. Monkeys were separated into high and low pathology groups based on the average number of pathologies present in the placenta. Perfusion domain flow, volume, and number increased through gestation, and total blood flow increased with gestation for both low pathology and high pathology groups. A statistically significant decrease in perfusion domain volume associated with pathology was detected at all gestational ages. Individual perfusion domain flow comparisons demonstrated a statistically significant decrease with pathology at GA100 and GA145, but not GA65. Since ferumoxytol is currently used to treat anemia during human pregnancy and as an off-label MRI contrast agent, future transition of this work to human pregnancy may be possible.

Ayurveda is a highly recognized, well-documented, and well-accepted traditional medicine system. This system utilizes many natural products in various forms for therapeutic purposes. Thousands of plants mentioned in the Ayurvedic system are useful in disease mitigation and health preservation. One potential plant of the Ayurvedic system is "Ashwagandha" [Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal], commonly regarded as Indian Ginseng. It possesses various therapeutic activities, such as neuroprotective, hypoglycemic, hepatoprotective, antiarthritic, and anticancer effects.Here we present a comprehensive insight on the anticancer effects of W. somnifera and mechanistic attributes of its bioactive phytocompounds. This review also provides updated information on the clinical studies pertaining to cancer, safety evaluation and opportunities for chemical modifications of withanolides, a group of specialized phytochemicals of W. somnifera.The present study was performed in accordance with the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systemic Reviews and Meta-Analysis. Various scientific databases, such as PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Google Scholar, were explored for related studies published up to May 2021.An updated review on the anticancer potential and mechanisms of action of the major bioactive components of W. somnifera, including withanolides, withaferin A and withanone, is presented. Comprehensive information on clinical attributes of W. somnifera and its active components are presented with the structure-activity relationship (SAR) and toxicity evaluation.The outcome of the work clearly indicates that W. somnifera has a significant potential for cancer therapy. The SAR revealed that various withanolides in general and withaferin A in particular have binding energies against various proteins and tremendous potential to serve as the lead for new chemical entities. Nevertheless, additional studies, particularly well-designed clinical trials are required before therapeutic application of withanolides for cancer treatment.

4D flow MRI allows for a comprehensive assessment of intracardiac blood flow, useful for assessing cardiovascular diseases, but post-processing requires time-consuming ventricular segmentation throughout the cardiac cycle and is prone to subjective errors. Here, we evaluate the use of automatic left and right ventricular (LV and RV) segmentation based on deep learning (DL) network that operates on short-axis cine bSSFP images.A previously published DL network was fine-tuned via retraining on a local database of 106 subjects scanned at our institution. In 26 test subjects, the ventricles were segmented automatically by the network and manually by 3 human observers on bSSFP MRI. The bSSFP images were then registered to the corresponding 4D flow images to apply the segmentation to 4D flow velocity data. Dice coefficients and the relative deviation between measurements (automatic vs. manual and interobserver manual) of various hemodynamic parameters were assessed.The automated segmentation resulted in similar Dice scores (LV: 0.92, RV: 0.86) and lower relative deviations from manual segmentation in left ventricular (LV) average kinetic energy (KE) (8%) and RV KE (15%) than the Dice scores (LV: 0.91, RV: 0.87) and relative deviations between manual segmentation observers (LV KE: 11%, p = 0.01; RV KE: 19%, p = 0.03).The automated post-processing method using deep learning resulted in hemodynamic measurements that differ from a manual observer's measurements equally or less than the variation between manual observers. This approach can be used to decrease post-processing time on intraventricular 4D flow data and mitigate interobserver variability.• Our proposed method allows for fully automated post-processing of intraventricular 4D flow MRI data. • Our method resulted in hemodynamic measurements that matched those derived from manual segmentation equally as well as interobserver variability. • Our method can be used to greatly accelerate intraventricular 4D flow post-processing and improve interobserver repeatability.

Herbal cosmetics are the preparations used to improve the individual appearance. The aim of the present study was to prepare the herbal cream for the use of moistening, nourishing and cure of various disease of the skin. Different crude drugs like Aloe barbadensis (Aloe Vera leaves), Azadirachta Indica (Neem-leaves), Curcuma longa (Turmeric-rhizomes) and Emblica Officinali (Amla) are used to formulate the cream. The selection of ingredients based on the different medicinal properties of the agents.The cream is subjected to various evaluation parameters. Keywords: Cosmetics, herbal cream, Turmeric, Neem, Aloe Vera

With the goal of providing the most possible benefit to the patient, integrative medicine involves combining conventional and evidence-based alternative medications and treatments. Herb-drug interactions (HDIs) provide a significant barrier to the same. Since these HDIs may have either positive or negative effects—even be fatal—a comprehensive knowledge of HDI outcomes is crucial for the effective integration of conventional and alternative medical practises. In this article, we provide a concise overview of HDIs, highlighting the interplays between drug metabolising enzymes and transporters while discussing the many kinds of HDIs and the tools/methods for studying and predicting HDIs. Future perspectives are also discussed in this paper, with an emphasis on the endogenous participants in the interplays and methods for predicting drug-disease-herb interactions to achieve the desired results.

The present study was an attempt to develop galactosylated albumin nanoparticles of Simvastatin for treatment of hypercholesterolemia. By developing the galactosylated nanoparticulated delivery, the required action of the drug at the target site at the liver can be provided. The advantage of targeting helps to reduce the systemic side effects that may occur due to the distribution of the drug to the other organs and thus helps in maintaining the required concentration of drug at the desired site. The galacotsylated albumin nanoparticles were prepared for the selective delivery of a Simvastatin to the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMG-CoA reductase) the rate-limiting enzyme in the pathway of cholesterol biosynthesis that is particularly presents on hepatocytes. The asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGP-R) which is particularly presents on mammalian hepatocytes can be utilize for active targeting by using its natural and synthetic ligands. By utilizing this receptors can provides a unique means for the development of liver-specific carriers, such as liposomes, recombinant lipoproteins, and polymers for drug or gene delivery to the liver, especially to hepatocytes. These receptors recognize the ligands with terminal galactose or N-acetylgalactosamine residues, and endocytose the ligands for an intracellular degradation process. The albumin nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared by using desolvation method and efficiently conjugated with galactose. Various parameters such as particle size, zeta potential, percentage entrapment efficiency and drug loading efficiency, percentage yield, in-vitro drug release were determined. The size of nanoparticles (both plain and coated NPs) was 200 and 250 nm. The zeta potential of plain nanoparticles was -3.61 and that of galactose-coated nanoparticles was 64.1. The maximum drug content was in between 79.98% to 79.8 % respectively in plain, and galactose coated nanoparticles while the maximum entrapment efficiency was 70.10% and 71.03% in plain and coated nanoparticles. It was found that coating of nanoparticles increases the size of nanoparticles.

Microsponge and Nanosponge delivery System was originally developed for topical delivery of drugs can also be used for controlled oral delivery of drugs using water soluble and bioerodible polymers. Microsponge delivery system (MDS) can entrap wide range of drugs and then release them onto the skin over a time by difussion mechanism to the skin. It is a unique technology for the controlled release of topical agents and consists of nano or micro porous beads loaded with active agent and also use for oral delivery of drugs using bioerodible polymers.