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10. Histologic Disease Persists beyond Mucosal Healing and Could Predict Reactivation in Ulcerative Colitis

Author

Laterza, Lucrezia, primary, Piscaglia, Anna Chiara, additional, Bibbò, Stefano, additional, Arena, Vincenzo, additional, Brisigotti, Massimo, additional, Fabbretti, Giovanna, additional, Stefanelli, Maria Loredana, additional, Cesario, Valentina, additional, Maresca, Rossella, additional, Poscia, Andrea, additional, Pugliese, Daniela, additional, Gaetani, Eleonora, additional, Papa, Alfredo, additional, Cammarota, Giovanni, additional, Armuzzi, Alessandro, additional, Gasbarrini, Antonio, additional, and Scaldaferri, Franco, additional

Published
2024
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17. SARS-CoV-2-Related Olfactory Dysfunction: Autopsy Findings, Histopathology, and Evaluation of Viral RNA and ACE2 Expression in Olfactory Bulbs

Author

Dell’Aquila, Marco, primary, Cafiero, Concetta, additional, Micera, Alessandra, additional, Stigliano, Egidio, additional, Ottaiano, Maria Pia, additional, Benincasa, Giulio, additional, Schiavone, Beniamino, additional, Guidobaldi, Leo, additional, Santacroce, Luigi, additional, Pisconti, Salvatore, additional, Arena, Vincenzo, additional, and Palmirotta, Raffaele, additional

Published
2024
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19. Clinical and Metabolic Signature of UNC13A rs12608932 Variant in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Author

Calvo, Andrea, Canosa, Antonio, Moglia, Cristina, Manera, Umberto, Grassano, Maurizio, Vasta, Rosario, Palumbo, Francesca, Cugnasco, Paolo, Gallone, Salvatore, Brunetti, Maura, De Marchi, Fabiola, Arena, Vincenzo, Pagani, Marco, Dalgard, Clifton, Scholz, Sonja W., Chia, Ruth, Corrado, Lucia, Dalfonso, Sandra, Mazzini, Letizia, Traynor, Bryan J., and Chio, Adriano

Published
2022
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23. Role of thyroid stimulating hormone in the maintenance and functioning of the human corpus luteum

Author

Taggi, M., Capponi, C., Bertani, N., Saturno, G., Innocenti, F., Dovere, L., Fabozzi, Simone Michele, Alesiani, O., Arena, Vincenzo, Cimadomo, D., Mazzilli, R., Rienzi, L., Ubaldi, F. M., Canipari, R., Vicini, E., Apa, Rosanna, Fabozzi S. M., Arena V. (ORCID:0000-0002-7562-223X), Apa R. (ORCID:0000-0003-0143-9114), Taggi, M., Capponi, C., Bertani, N., Saturno, G., Innocenti, F., Dovere, L., Fabozzi, Simone Michele, Alesiani, O., Arena, Vincenzo, Cimadomo, D., Mazzilli, R., Rienzi, L., Ubaldi, F. M., Canipari, R., Vicini, E., Apa, Rosanna, Fabozzi S. M., Arena V. (ORCID:0000-0002-7562-223X), and Apa R. (ORCID:0000-0003-0143-9114)

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of high thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels on human granulosa–luteal (hGL) cells. Methods: hGL cells were isolated from follicular aspirates derived from patients undergoing IVF treatment without any thyroid disorder (serum TSH 0.5–2 mU/L). Cells were cultured at 37 °C in DMEM, supplemented with 5% FBS. The cells were treated with 1 nM LH and increasing concentrations of TSH. At the end of culture, conditioned medium and cells were collected to analyze progesterone production, cell viability, and mRNA levels of genes involved in the steroidogenesis process. Human ovarian tissues were analyzed for TSH receptor (TSHR) expression by IHC. Results: The expression of TSHR was detected in human corpus luteum by IHC and in hGL by RT-PCR. In hGL cells, TSH treatment did not modulate progesterone production nor the expression of steroidogenic genes, such as p450scc and HSD3b 1/2. However, TSH induced a dose-dependent increase in cell death. Finally, TSH did not affect LH-induced p450scc and HSD3b1/2 expression while LH partially reverted TSH negative effect on cell death in hGL. Conclusions: Elevated TSH levels in hypothyroid women may be associated with impaired CL functioning and maintenance. These findings open a new line of research for the importance of the treatment of women with thyroid dysfunction that could contribute to the onset of infertility.

Published
2024

29. Postmortem Swabs in the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Pandemic: Report on 12 Complete Clinical Autopsy Cases

Author

Dell'Aquila, Marco, Cattani, Paola, Fantoni, Massimo, Marchetti, Simona, Aquila, Isabella, Stigliano, Egidio, Carbone, Arnaldo, Oliva, Antonio, and Arena, Vincenzo

Subjects
Autopsy -- Case studies, COVID-19 -- Case studies -- Diagnosis -- Patient outcomes, Clinical pathology -- Case studies, Health
Abstract

* Context.--Clinical autopsies have historically provided a fundamental contribution in the definition of the clinicopathologic basis of infectious diseases. Even though we are witnessing the decline of the clinical autopsy, its importance remains unchanged as it is the most exhaustive way to investigate diseases. The identification of the virus in postmortem tissues is a fundamental step in the definition of its clinical features. Objective.--To investigate the presence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in postmortem examination with swabs. Design.--We performed postmortem swabs in 12 autopsy cases of patients with a clinical diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2-related pneumonia. Our protocol consisted of a rhinopharyngeal and a tracheal swab in order to search for the virus in the upper airways, and of 2 swabs on the parenchyma of each lung. We also performed a fifth swab on the parenchyma of both lungs in order to search for other viruses that could evolve in a clinical picture of interstitial pneumonia. Results.--Overall, we found 9 of 12 cases had at least 1 postmortem swab positive for SARS-CoV-2. Moreover, we evaluated the time between the antemortem and postmortem swabs, the time between death and the postmortem swabs, and the time between the postmortem swabs and acceptance to the microbiology laboratory. Of note, we did not find a relationship between the results of the swabs and either the time elapsed from their collection or the time elapsed before their acceptance in the microbiology laboratory. Conclusions.--A thorough knowledge of the eventual persistence of pathogens in deaths related to infectious diseases is fundamental for the safety of the operators during the autopsy practice, especially when referring to emergent pathogens, such as SARS-CoV-2. Our study highlights the importance in performing multiple swabs in the postmortem examination, because SARS-CoV-2 swab positivity can be limited to only a single swab. doi: 10.5858/arpa.2020-0362-SA, Historically, clinical autopsies have made crucial contributions in the discovery and explanation of the clinicopathologic basis of infectious diseases, thus providing a radical contribution to their clinical management. Currently, we [...]

Published
2020
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34. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Pandemic: Review of the Literature and Proposal for Safe Autopsy Practice

Author

Aquila, Isabella, Sacco, Matteo Antonio, Abenavoli, Ludovico, Malara, Natalia, Arena, Vincenzo, Grassi, Simone, Ausania, Francesco, Boccuto, Luigi, Ricci, Cristoforo, Gratteri, Santo, Oliva, Antonio, and Ricci, Pietrantonio

Subjects
Severe acute respiratory syndrome -- Health aspects -- Analysis, Coronaviruses -- Analysis -- Health aspects, Epidemics -- China, COVID-19 -- Analysis -- Health aspects, Health
Abstract

Context.--The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is significantly changing methodologic approaches in all branches of the health system. From a forensic point of view, this event is partly changing the manner in which forensic pathologists and all those who work in autopsy services operate, but above all, it is changing the patterns established for years by which cadavers are analyzed postmortem. Objective.--To present a review of the literature and a proposal for COVID-19 autopsy protocols. To contain the infection risk, a revision of all the protocols that until now have been applied to the examination of bodies that require autopsy services is required. Data Sources.--Currently, the diagnosis and postmortem analysis of positive or suspected COVID-19 cases plays a crucial role in scientific research. A review of the main recommendations proposed by international scien tific societies regarding the risk of infection during autopsy was carried out. Scientific papers currently available via the PubMed NCBI search engine on COVID-19 postmortem diagnosis were also examined. Conclusions.--Throughout the history of medicine, autopsy has been fundamental to the understanding of multiple pathogenic processes that are investigated postmortem. The purpose of the study is to propose an operating protocol that can be useful for all clinical and forensic autopsies, with particular reference to the correct methods to be applied to the examination of positive or suspected COVID-19 cases, regarding both the autopsy procedure and the collection and analysis of biological samples. (Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2020;144:1048-1056; doi: 10.5858/arpa.2020-0165-SA), Coronaviruses (Coronaviridae) are a large family of microorganisms existing in nature in the form of positive-strand RNA viruses that infect vertebrates. (1,2) The family includes the subfamily Orthocoronavirinae, to which [...]

Published
2020
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38. SARS-CoV-2-Related Olfactory Dysfunction: Autopsy Findings, Histopathology, and Evaluation of Viral RNA and ACE2 Expression in Olfactory Bulbs.

Author

Dell'Aquila, Marco, Cafiero, Concetta, Micera, Alessandra, Stigliano, Egidio, Ottaiano, Maria Pia, Benincasa, Giulio, Schiavone, Beniamino, Guidobaldi, Leo, Santacroce, Luigi, Pisconti, Salvatore, Arena, Vincenzo, and Palmirotta, Raffaele

Subjects
GENE expression, OLFACTORY bulb, SMELL disorders, COVID-19 pandemic, AUTOPSY, STAINS & staining (Microscopy)
Abstract

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has been a health emergency with a significant impact on the world due to its high infectiousness. The disease, primarily identified in the lower respiratory tract, develops with numerous clinical symptoms affecting multiple organs and displays a clinical finding of anosmia. Several authors have investigated the pathogenetic mechanisms of the olfactory disturbances caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection, proposing different hypotheses and showing contradictory results. Since uncertainties remain about possible virus neurotropism and direct damage to the olfactory bulb, we investigated the expression of SARS-CoV-2 as well as ACE2 receptor transcripts in autoptic lung and olfactory bulb tissues, with respect to the histopathological features. Methods: Twenty-five COVID-19 olfactory bulbs and lung tissues were randomly collected from 200 initial autopsies performed during the COVID-19 pandemic. Routine diagnosis was based on clinical and radiological findings and were confirmed with post-mortem swabs. Real-time RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2 and ACE2 receptor RNA was carried out on autoptic FFPE lung and olfactory bulb tissues. Histological staining was performed on tissue specimens and compared with the molecular data. Results: While real-time RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2 was positive in 23 out of 25 lung samples, the viral RNA expression was absent in olfactory bulbs. ACE2-receptor RNA was present in all tissues examined, being highly expressed in lung samples than olfactory bulbs. Conclusions: Our finding suggests that COVID-19 anosmia is not only due to neurotropism and the direct action of SARS-CoV-2 entering the olfactory bulb. The mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 neuropathogenesis in the olfactory bulb requires a better elucidation and further research studies to mitigate the olfactory bulb damage associated with virus action. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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39. Alzheimer Dementia in People Living With HIV

Author

Calcagno, Andrea, Celani, Luigi, Trunfio, Mattia, Orofino, Giancarlo, Imperiale, Daniele, Atzori, Cristiana, Arena, Vincenzo, dʼEttorre, Gabriella, Guaraldi, Giovanni, Gisslen, Magnus, and Di Perri, Giovanni

Published
2021
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41. Unveiling role of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 2 as a brake of epithelial stem cell proliferation and a tumor suppressor in colorectal cancer

Author

Petti, Luciana, Rizzo, Giulia, Rubbino, Federica, Elangovan, Sudharshan, Colombo, Piergiuseppe, Restelli, Silvia, Piontini, Andrea, Arena, Vincenzo, Carvello, Michele, Romano, Barbara, Cavalleri, Tommaso, Anselmo, Achille, Ungaro, Federica, D’Alessio, Silvia, Spinelli, Antonino, Stifter, Sanja, Grizzi, Fabio, Sgambato, Alessandro, Danese, Silvio, Laghi, Luigi, Malesci, Alberto, and Vetrano, Stefania

Published
2020
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44. Data from Activation of the VEGFC/VEGFR3 Pathway Induces Tumor Immune Escape in Colorectal Cancer

Author

Tacconi, Carlotta, primary, Ungaro, Federica, primary, Correale, Carmen, primary, Arena, Vincenzo, primary, Massimino, Luca, primary, Detmar, Michael, primary, Spinelli, Antonino, primary, Carvello, Michele, primary, Mazzone, Massimiliano, primary, Oliveira, Ana I., primary, Rubbino, Federica, primary, Garlatti, Valentina, primary, Spanò, Salvatore, primary, Lugli, Enrico, primary, Colombo, Federico S., primary, Malesci, Alberto, primary, Peyrin-Biroulet, Laurent, primary, Vetrano, Stefania, primary, Danese, Silvio, primary, and D’Alessio, Silvia, primary

Published
2023
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45. Figure S1 from Activation of the VEGFC/VEGFR3 Pathway Induces Tumor Immune Escape in Colorectal Cancer

Author

Tacconi, Carlotta, primary, Ungaro, Federica, primary, Correale, Carmen, primary, Arena, Vincenzo, primary, Massimino, Luca, primary, Detmar, Michael, primary, Spinelli, Antonino, primary, Carvello, Michele, primary, Mazzone, Massimiliano, primary, Oliveira, Ana I., primary, Rubbino, Federica, primary, Garlatti, Valentina, primary, Spanò, Salvatore, primary, Lugli, Enrico, primary, Colombo, Federico S., primary, Malesci, Alberto, primary, Peyrin-Biroulet, Laurent, primary, Vetrano, Stefania, primary, Danese, Silvio, primary, and D’Alessio, Silvia, primary

Published
2023
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46. Figure S5 and S6 from Activation of the VEGFC/VEGFR3 Pathway Induces Tumor Immune Escape in Colorectal Cancer

Author

Tacconi, Carlotta, primary, Ungaro, Federica, primary, Correale, Carmen, primary, Arena, Vincenzo, primary, Massimino, Luca, primary, Detmar, Michael, primary, Spinelli, Antonino, primary, Carvello, Michele, primary, Mazzone, Massimiliano, primary, Oliveira, Ana I., primary, Rubbino, Federica, primary, Garlatti, Valentina, primary, Spanò, Salvatore, primary, Lugli, Enrico, primary, Colombo, Federico S., primary, Malesci, Alberto, primary, Peyrin-Biroulet, Laurent, primary, Vetrano, Stefania, primary, Danese, Silvio, primary, and D’Alessio, Silvia, primary

Published
2023
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47. Figure S7-8 from Activation of the VEGFC/VEGFR3 Pathway Induces Tumor Immune Escape in Colorectal Cancer

Author

Tacconi, Carlotta, primary, Ungaro, Federica, primary, Correale, Carmen, primary, Arena, Vincenzo, primary, Massimino, Luca, primary, Detmar, Michael, primary, Spinelli, Antonino, primary, Carvello, Michele, primary, Mazzone, Massimiliano, primary, Oliveira, Ana I., primary, Rubbino, Federica, primary, Garlatti, Valentina, primary, Spanò, Salvatore, primary, Lugli, Enrico, primary, Colombo, Federico S., primary, Malesci, Alberto, primary, Peyrin-Biroulet, Laurent, primary, Vetrano, Stefania, primary, Danese, Silvio, primary, and D’Alessio, Silvia, primary

Published
2023
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48. Supplementary Data from Activation of the VEGFC/VEGFR3 Pathway Induces Tumor Immune Escape in Colorectal Cancer

Author

Tacconi, Carlotta, primary, Ungaro, Federica, primary, Correale, Carmen, primary, Arena, Vincenzo, primary, Massimino, Luca, primary, Detmar, Michael, primary, Spinelli, Antonino, primary, Carvello, Michele, primary, Mazzone, Massimiliano, primary, Oliveira, Ana I., primary, Rubbino, Federica, primary, Garlatti, Valentina, primary, Spanò, Salvatore, primary, Lugli, Enrico, primary, Colombo, Federico S., primary, Malesci, Alberto, primary, Peyrin-Biroulet, Laurent, primary, Vetrano, Stefania, primary, Danese, Silvio, primary, and D’Alessio, Silvia, primary

Published
2023
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49. Placental diabesity: placental VEGF and CD31 expression according to pregestational BMI and gestational weight gain in women with gestational diabetes

Author

Sirico, A., Rossi, E. D., Degennaro, Valentina Anna, Arena, Vincenzo, Rizzi, A., Tartaglione, Linda, Di Leo, Mauro, Pitocco, Dario, Lanzone, Antonio, Degennaro V. A., Arena V. (ORCID:0000-0002-7562-223X), Tartaglione L., Di Leo M., Pitocco D. (ORCID:0000-0002-6220-686X), Lanzone A. (ORCID:0000-0003-4119-414X), Sirico, A., Rossi, E. D., Degennaro, Valentina Anna, Arena, Vincenzo, Rizzi, A., Tartaglione, Linda, Di Leo, Mauro, Pitocco, Dario, Lanzone, Antonio, Degennaro V. A., Arena V. (ORCID:0000-0002-7562-223X), Tartaglione L., Di Leo M., Pitocco D. (ORCID:0000-0002-6220-686X), and Lanzone A. (ORCID:0000-0003-4119-414X)

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this study is to investigate the placental expression of VEGF and CD31 in pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes (GDM) and the influence of pregestational BMI and gestational weight gain (GWG) on this expression. Methods: We prospectively enrolled pregnant women with diagnosis of GDM and healthy controls who delivered in our Center between December 2016 and May 2017. Patients were grouped according to the presence of GDM and we compared pregnancy characteristics, placental VEGF and CD31 expression between the cases and controls. Immunochemistry analysis was performed to assess biomarkers positivity. Positivity of biomarkers was assessed in a dichotomic fashion with positivity set at 5% for VEGF and 1% for CD31. Results: 39 patients matched inclusion criteria, 29 (74.3%) women with GDM and 10 (25.7%) healthy controls. Immunochemistry analysis showed that VEGF was more expressed in placentas from women with GDM compared to controls (21/29, 72.4% vs 2/10, 20%; p = 0.007), and CD31 was more expressed in placentas from women with GDM compared to controls (6/29, 20.7% vs 0/10, 0%; risk difference 0.2). VEGF positivity was associated with the presence of GDM (aOR 22.02, 95% CI 1.13–428.08, p = 0.04), pregestational BMI (aOR 1.53, 1.00–2.34, p = 0.05) and GWG (aOR 1.47, 95% CI 1.03–2.11, p = 0.03). CD31 positivity was associated with the pregestational BMI (aOR 1.47, 95% CI 1.00–2.17, p = 0.05) and with the gestational weight gain (aOR 1.32, 95% CI 1.01–1.72, p = 0.04). Conclusion: Pregnancies complicated by GDM are characterized by increased placental expression of VEGF and CD31, and the expression of these markers is also independently associated to maternal increased pregestational BMI and GWG, defining the concept of “placental diabesity”.

Published
2023

50. Pravastatin for severe preeclampsia with growth restriction: Placental findings and infant follow-up

Author

Fruci, S., Salvi, Silvia, Moresi, Sascia, Gallini, Francesca, Dell'Aquila, Marco, Arena, Vincenzo, Di Stasio, Enrico, Ferrazzani, Sergio, De Carolis, Sara, Lanzone, Antonio, Salvi S. (ORCID:0000-0001-7793-9612), Moresi S., Gallini F. (ORCID:0000-0002-9510-8481), Dell'Aquila M., Arena V. (ORCID:0000-0002-7562-223X), Di Stasio E. (ORCID:0000-0003-1047-4261), Ferrazzani S. (ORCID:0000-0001-7382-2951), De Carolis S. (ORCID:0000-0002-5160-7609), Lanzone A. (ORCID:0000-0003-4119-414X), Fruci, S., Salvi, Silvia, Moresi, Sascia, Gallini, Francesca, Dell'Aquila, Marco, Arena, Vincenzo, Di Stasio, Enrico, Ferrazzani, Sergio, De Carolis, Sara, Lanzone, Antonio, Salvi S. (ORCID:0000-0001-7793-9612), Moresi S., Gallini F. (ORCID:0000-0002-9510-8481), Dell'Aquila M., Arena V. (ORCID:0000-0002-7562-223X), Di Stasio E. (ORCID:0000-0003-1047-4261), Ferrazzani S. (ORCID:0000-0001-7382-2951), De Carolis S. (ORCID:0000-0002-5160-7609), and Lanzone A. (ORCID:0000-0003-4119-414X)

Abstract

Objective: Preeclampsia (PE) is the major cause of maternal morbidity and mortality and the leading cause of premature delivery worldwide. As well as intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), PE is associated with pathogenic evidence of placental malperfusion and ischemia. Recent literature has highlighted the potential of pravastatin in the prevention and treatment of these conditions. Aim of this study is to describe perinatal outcomes and placental histopathological findings in a small series of pregnant women with severe PE and IUGR treated with pravastatin on compassionate grounds. Two-year follow up of these babies is provided. Study design: Between October 2017 and October 2019 in Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy, women with singleton pregnancy between 19.6 and 27.6 gestational weeks, who presented with severe PE and IUGR were counselled for a compassionate treatment with Pravastatin 40 mg a day. Treated women were compared with controls identified with similar data in terms of gestational age at diagnosis, clinical maternal data, Doppler severity findings. Neonates were followed up for two years. Results: The median time from diagnosis to delivery was 39 days (IQR 20) for women in the pravastatin group and 20 days (IQR 20.5) for controls. Looking to maternal blood exams, in the group of women treated with pravastatin, maximum transaminase, creatinine levels were lower than in controls, where the minimum platelet count was higher. Placenta examination did not reveal any significant differences in placental histopathological findings. No significant differences were observed in the investigated perinatal data, as well as in infant follow-up, although an increased prenatal weight gain was found in treated pregnancies in comparison to controls. Conclusions: Our data did not allow us to find significant differences in pregnancy outcome and infant follow-up, as well as in placental histological picture in preeclamptic patient

Published
2023

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