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1. Surviving in the Hot-Neptune Desert: The Discovery of the Ultrahot Neptune TOI-3261b

Author

Emma Nabbie, Chelsea X. Huang, Jennifer A. Burt, David J. Armstrong, Eric E. Mamajek, Vardan Adibekyan, Sérgio G. Sousa, Eric D. Lopez, Daniel Thorngren, Jorge Fernández Fernández, Gongjie Li, James S. Jenkins, Jose I. Vines, João Gomes da Silva, Robert A. Wittenmyer, Daniel Bayliss, César Briceño, Karen A. Collins, Xavier Dumusque, Keith Horne, Marcelo Aron F. Keniger, Nicholas Law, Jorge Lillo-Box, Shang-Fei Liu, Andrew W. Mann, Louise D. Nielsen, Ares Osborn, Howard M. Relles, José J. Rodrigues, Juan Serrano Bell, Gregor Srdoc, Chris Stockdale, Paul A. Strøm, Cristilyn N. Watkins, Peter J. Wheatley, Duncan J. Wright, George Zhou, Carl Ziegler, George Ricker, Sara Seager, Roland Vanderspek, Joshua N. Winn, Jon M. Jenkins, Michael Fausnaugh, Michelle Kunimoto, Hugh P. Osborn, Samuel N. Quinn, and Bill Wohler

Subjects
Exoplanets, Transits, Radial velocity, Astronomy, QB1-991
Abstract

The recent discoveries of Neptune-sized ultra-short-period planets (USPs) challenge existing planet formation theories. It is unclear whether these residents of the Hot Neptune Desert have similar origins to smaller, rocky USPs, or if this discrete population is evidence of a different formation pathway altogether. We report the discovery of TOI-3261b, an ultrahot Neptune with an orbital period P = 0.88 day. The host star is a V = 13.2 mag, slightly supersolar metallicity ([Fe/H] ≃0.15), inactive K1.5 main-sequence star at d = 300 pc. Using data from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite and the Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope, we find that TOI-3261b has a radius of ${3.82}_{-0.35}^{+0.42}$ R _⊕ . Moreover, radial velocities from ESPRESSO and HARPS reveal a mass of ${30.3}_{-2.4}^{+2.2}$ M _⊕ , more than twice the median mass of Neptune-sized planets on longer orbits. We investigate multiple mechanisms of mass loss that can reproduce the current-day properties of TOI-3261b, simulating the evolution of the planet via tidal stripping and photoevaporation. Thermal evolution models suggest that TOI-3261b should retain an envelope potentially enriched with volatiles constituting ∼5% of its total mass. This is the second highest envelope mass fraction among ultrahot Neptunes discovered to date, making TOI-3261b an ideal candidate for atmospheric follow-up observations.

Published
2024
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2. Planet Hunters NGTS: New Planet Candidates from a Citizen Science Search of the Next Generation Transit Survey Public Data

Author

Sean M. O’Brien, Megan E. Schwamb, Samuel Gill, Christopher A. Watson, Matthew R. Burleigh, Alicia Kendall, Sarah L. Casewell, David R. Anderson, José I. Vines, James S. Jenkins, Douglas R. Alves, Laura Trouille, Solène Ulmer-Moll, Edward M. Bryant, Ioannis Apergis, Matthew Battley, Daniel Bayliss, Nora L. Eisner, Edward Gillen, Michael R. Goad, Maximilian N. Günther, Beth A. Henderson, Jeong-Eun Heo, David G. Jackson, Chris Lintott, James McCormac, Maximiliano Moyano, Louise D. Nielsen, Ares Osborn, Suman Saha, Ramotholo R. Sefako, Andrew W. Stephens, Rosanna H. Tilbrook, Stéphane Udry, Richard G. West, Peter J. Wheatley, Tafadzwa Zivave, See Min Lim, and Arttu Sainio

Subjects
Exoplanet astronomy, Transit photometry, Astronomy, QB1-991
Abstract

We present the results from the first two years of the Planet Hunters Next Generation Transit Survey (NGTS) citizen science project, which searches for transiting planet candidates in data from the NGTS by enlisting the help of members of the general public. Over 8000 registered volunteers reviewed 138,198 light curves from the NGTS Public Data Releases 1 and 2. We utilize a user weighting scheme to combine the classifications of multiple users to identify the most promising planet candidates not initially discovered by the NGTS team. We highlight the five most interesting planet candidates detected through this search, which are all candidate short-period giant planets. This includes the TIC-165227846 system that, if confirmed, would be the lowest-mass star to host a close-in giant planet. We assess the detection efficiency of the project by determining the number of confirmed planets from the NASA Exoplanet Archive and TESS Objects of Interest (TOIs) successfully recovered by this search and find that 74% of confirmed planets and 63% of TOIs detected by NGTS are recovered by the Planet Hunters NGTS project. The identification of new planet candidates shows that the citizen science approach can provide a complementary method to the detection of exoplanets with ground-based surveys such as NGTS.

Published
2024
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3. TESS Hunt for Young and Maturing Exoplanets (THYME). IX. A 27 Myr Extended Population of Lower Centaurus Crux with a Transiting Two-planet System

Author

Mackenna L. Wood, Andrew W. Mann, Madyson G. Barber, Jonathan L. Bush, Adam L. Kraus, Benjamin M. Tofflemire, Andrew Vanderburg, Elisabeth R. Newton, Gregory A. Feiden, George Zhou, Luke G. Bouma, Samuel N. Quinn, David J. Armstrong, Ares Osborn, Vardan Adibekyan, Elisa Delgado Mena, Sergio G. Sousa, Jonathan Gagné, Matthew J. Fields, Reilly P. Milburn, Pa Chia Thao, Stephen P. Schmidt, Crystal L. Gnilka, Steve B. Howell, Nicholas M. Law, Carl Ziegler, César Briceño, George R. Ricker, Roland Vanderspek, David W. Latham, Sara Seager, Joshua N. Winn, Jon M. Jenkins, Joshua E. Schlieder, Hugh P. Osborn, Joseph D. Twicken, David R. Ciardi, and Chelsea X. Huang

Subjects
Stellar ages, Transit photometry, Exoplanets, Stellar associations, Stellar kinematics, Astronomy, QB1-991
Abstract

We report the discovery and characterization of a nearby (∼85 pc), older (27 ± 3 Myr), distributed stellar population near Lower Centaurus Crux (LCC), initially identified by searching for stars comoving with a candidate transiting planet from TESS (HD 109833; TOI 1097). We determine the association membership using Gaia kinematics, color–magnitude information, and rotation periods of candidate members. We measure its age using isochrones, gyrochronology, and Li depletion. While the association is near known populations of LCC, we find that it is older than any previously found LCC subgroup (10–16 Myr), and distinct in both position and velocity. In addition to the candidate planets around HD 109833, the association contains four directly imaged planetary-mass companions around three stars, YSES-1, YSES-2, and HD 95086, all of which were previously assigned membership in the younger LCC. Using the Notch pipeline, we identify a second candidate transiting planet around HD 109833. We use a suite of ground-based follow-up observations to validate the two transit signals as planetary in nature. HD 109833 b and c join the small but growing population of

Published
2023
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4. TOI-908: a planet at the edge of the Neptune desert transiting a G-type star

Author

Faith Hawthorn, Daniel Bayliss, David J Armstrong, Jorge Fernández Fernández, Ares Osborn, Sérgio G Sousa, Vardan Adibekyan, Jeanne Davoult, Karen A Collins, Yann Alibert, Susana C C Barros, François Bouchy, Matteo Brogi, David R Ciardi, Tansu Daylan, Elisa Delgado Mena, Olivier D S Demangeon, Rodrigo F Díaz, Tianjun Gan, Keith Horne, Sergio Hoyer, Jon M Jenkins, Eric L N Jensen, John F Kielkopf, Veselin Kostov, David W Latham, Alan M Levine, Jorge Lillo-Box, Louise D Nielsen, Hugh P Osborn, George R Ricker, José Rodrigues, Nuno C Santos, Richard P Schwarz, Sara Seager, Juan Serrano Bell, Avi Shporer, Chris Stockdale, Paul A Strøm, Peter Tenenbaum, Stéphane Udry, Peter J Wheatley, Joshua N Winn, and Carl Ziegler

Published
2023
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5. TOI-2498 b: a hot bloated super-Neptune within the Neptune desert

Author

Ginger Frame, David J Armstrong, Heather M Cegla, Jorge Fernández Fernández, Ares Osborn, Vardan Adibekyan, Karen A Collins, Elisa Delgado Mena, Steven Giacalone, John F Kielkopf, Nuno C Santos, Sérgio G Sousa, Keivan G Stassun, Carl Ziegler, David R Anderson, Susana C C Barros, Daniel Bayliss, César Briceño, Dennis M Conti, Courtney D Dressing, Xavier Dumusque, Pedro Figueira, William Fong, Samuel Gill, Faith Hawthorn, Jon M Jenkins, Eric L N Jensen, Marcelo Aron F Keniger, David W Latham, Nicholas Law, Jack J Lissauer, Andrew W Mann, Louise D Nielsen, Hugh Osborn, Martin Paegert, Sara Seager, Richard P Schwarz, Avi Shporer, Gregor Srdoc, Paul A Strøm, Joshua N Winn, and Peter J Wheatley

Published
2023
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6. The discovery of three hot Jupiters, NGTS-23b, 24b, and 25b, and updated parameters for HATS-54b from the Next Generation Transit Survey

Author

David G Jackson, Christopher A Watson, Ernst J W de Mooij, Jack S Acton, Douglas R Alves, David R Anderson, David J Armstrong, Daniel Bayliss, Claudia Belardi, François Bouchy, Edward M Bryant, Matthew R Burleigh, Sarah L Casewell, Jean C Costes, Phillip Eigmüller, Michael R Goad, Samuel Gill, Edward Gillen, Maximilian N Günther, Faith Hawthorn, Beth A Henderson, James A G Jackman, James S Jenkins, Monika Lendl, Alicia Kendall, James McCormac, Maximiliano Moyano, Louise D Nielsen, Ares Osborn, Ramotholo R Sefako, Alexis M S Smith, Rosanna H Tilbrook, Oliver Turner, Stéphane Udry, Jose I Vines, Richard G West, Peter J Wheatley, and Hannah Worters

Published
2022
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7. TOI-431/HIP 26013: a super-Earth and a sub-Neptune transiting a bright, early K dwarf, with a third RV planet

Author

Ares Osborn, David J Armstrong, Bryson Cale, Rafael Brahm, Robert A Wittenmyer, Fei Dai, Ian J M Crossfield, Edward M Bryant, Vardan Adibekyan, Ryan Cloutier, Karen A Collins, E Delgado Mena, Malcolm Fridlund, Coel Hellier, Steve B Howell, George W King, Jorge Lillo-Box, Jon Otegi, S Sousa, Keivan G Stassun, Elisabeth C Matthews, Carl Ziegler, George Ricker, Roland Vanderspek, David W Latham, S Seager, Joshua N Winn, Jon M Jenkins, Jack S Acton, Brett C Addison, David R Anderson, Sarah Ballard, David Barrado, Susana C C Barros, Natalie Batalha, Daniel Bayliss, Thomas Barclay, Björn Benneke, John Berberian, Francois Bouchy, Brendan P Bowler, César Briceño, Christopher J Burke, Matthew R Burleigh, Sarah L Casewell, David Ciardi, Kevin I Collins, Benjamin F Cooke, Olivier D S Demangeon, Rodrigo F Díaz, C Dorn, Diana Dragomir, Courtney Dressing, Xavier Dumusque, Néstor Espinoza, P Figueira, Benjamin Fulton, E Furlan, E Gaidos, C Geneser, Samuel Gill, Michael R Goad, Erica J Gonzales, Varoujan Gorjian, Maximilian N Günther, Ravit Helled, Beth A Henderson, Thomas Henning, Aleisha Hogan, Saeed Hojjatpanah, Jonathan Horner, Andrew W Howard, Sergio Hoyer, Dan Huber, Howard Isaacson, James S Jenkins, Eric L N Jensen, Andrés Jordán, Stephen R Kane, Richard C Kidwell, John Kielkopf, Nicholas Law, Monika Lendl, M Lund, Rachel A Matson, Andrew W Mann, James McCormac, Matthew W Mengel, Farisa Y Morales, Louise D Nielsen, Jack Okumura, Hugh P Osborn, Erik A Petigura, Peter Plavchan, Don Pollacco, Elisa V Quintana, Liam Raynard, Paul Robertson, Mark E Rose, Arpita Roy, Michael Reefe, Alexandre Santerne, Nuno C Santos, Paula Sarkis, J Schlieder, Richard P Schwarz, Nicholas J Scott, Avi Shporer, A M S Smith, C Stibbard, Chris Stockdale, Paul A Strøm, Joseph D Twicken, Thiam-Guan Tan, A Tanner, J Teske, Rosanna H Tilbrook, C G Tinney, Stephane Udry, Jesus Noel Villaseñor, Jose I Vines, Sharon X Wang, Lauren M Weiss, Richard G West, Peter J Wheatley, Duncan J Wright, Hui Zhang, and F Zohrabi

Published
2021
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8. A Close-in Puffy Neptune with Hidden Friends: The Enigma of TOI 620

Author

Michael A. Reefe, Rafael Luque, Eric Gaidos, Corey Beard, Peter P. Plavchan, Marion Cointepas, Bryson L. Cale, Enric Palle, Hannu Parviainen, Dax L. Feliz, Jason Eastman, Keivan Stassun, Jonathan Gagné, Jon M. Jenkins, Patricia T. Boyd, Richard C. Kidwell, Scott McDermott, Karen A. Collins, William Fong, Natalia Guerrero, Jose-Manuel Almenara-Villa, Jacob Bean, Charles A. Beichman, John Berberian, Allyson Bieryla, Xavier Bonfils, François Bouchy, Madison Brady, Edward M. Bryant, Luca Cacciapuoti, Caleb I. Cañas, David R. Ciardi, Kevin I. Collins, Ian J. M. Crossfield, Courtney D. Dressing, Philipp Eigmüller, Mohammed El Mufti, Emma Esparza-Borges, Akihiko Fukui, Peter Gao, Claire Geneser, Crystal L. Gnilka, Erica Gonzales, Arvind F. Gupta, Sam Halverson, Fred Hearty, Steve B. Howell, Jonathan Irwin, Shubham Kanodia, David Kasper, Takanori Kodama, Veselin Kostov, David W. Latham, Monika Lendl, Andrea Lin, John H. Livingston, Jack Lubin, Suvrath Mahadevan, Rachel Matson, Elisabeth Matthews, Felipe Murgas, Norio Narita, Patrick Newman, Joe Ninan, Ares Osborn, Samuel N. Quinn, Paul Robertson, Arpita Roy, Joshua Schlieder, Christian Schwab, Andreas Seifahrt, Gareth D. Smith, Ahmad Sohani, Guðmundur Stefánsson, Daniel Stevens, Julian Stürmer, Angelle Tanner, Ryan Terrien, Johanna Teske, David Vermilion, Sharon X. Wang, Justin Wittrock, Jason T. Wright, Mathias Zechmeister, and Farzaneh Zohrabi

Published
2022
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9. A remnant planetary core in the hot-Neptune desert

Author

David J. Armstrong, Théo A. Lopez, Vardan Adibekyan, Richard A. Booth, Edward M. Bryant, Karen A. Collins, Magali Deleuil, Alexandre Emsenhuber, Chelsea X. Huang, George W. King, Jorge Lillo-Box, Jack J. Lissauer, Elisabeth Matthews, Olivier Mousis, Louise D. Nielsen, Hugh Osborn, Jon Otegi, Nuno C. Santos, Sérgio G. Sousa, Keivan G. Stassun, Dimitri Veras, Carl Ziegler, Jack S. Acton, Jose M. Almenara, David R. Anderson, David Barrado, Susana C. C. Barros, Daniel Bayliss, Claudia Belardi, Francois Bouchy, César Briceño, Matteo Brogi, David J. A. Brown, Matthew R. Burleigh, Sarah L. Casewell, Alexander Chaushev, Kevin I. Collins, Knicole D. Colón, Benjamin F. Cooke, Ian J. M. Crossfield, Rodrigo F. Díaz, Elisa Delgado Mena, Olivier D. S. Demangeon, Caroline Dorn, Xavier Dumusque, Philipp Eigmüller, Michael Fausnaugh, Pedro Figueira, Tianjun Gan, Siddharth Gandhi, Samuel Gill, Erica J. Gonzales, Michael R. Goad, Ravit Helled, Saeed Hojjatpanah, Steve B. Howell, James Jackman, James S. Jenkins, Jon M. Jenkins, Eric L. N. Jensen, Grant M. Kennedy, David W. Latham, Nicholas Law, Monika Lendl, Michael Lozovsky, Andrew W. Mann, Maximiliano Moyano, James McCormac, Farzana Meru, Christoph Mordasini, Ares Osborn, Don Pollacco, Didier Queloz, Liam Raynard, George R. Ricker, Pamela Rowden, Alexandre Santerne, Joshua E. Schlieder, Sara Seager, Lizhou Sha, Thiam-Guan Tan, Rosanna H. Tilbrook, Eric Ting, Stéphane Udry, Roland Vanderspek, Christopher A. Watson, Richard G. West, Paul A. Wilson, Joshua N. Winn, Peter Wheatley, Jesus Noel Villasenor, Jose I. Vines, and Zhuchang Zhan

Subjects
Exobiology, Lunar And Planetary Science And Exploration
Abstract

The interiors of giant planets remain poorly understood. Even for the planets in the Solar System, difficulties in observation lead to large uncertainties in the properties of planetary cores. Exoplanets that have undergone rare evolutionary processes provide a route to understanding planetary interiors. Planets found in and near the typically barren hot-Neptune ‘desert’ (a region in mass–radius space that contains few planets) have proved to be particularly valuable in this regard. These planets include HD149026b, which is thought to have an unusually massive core, and recent discoveries such as LTT9779b and NGTS-4b, on which photoevaporation has removed a substantial part of their outer atmospheres. Here we report observations of the planet TOI-849b, which has a radius smaller than Neptune’s but an anomalously large mass of 39.1(+2.7−2.6) Earth masses and a density of 5.2(+0.7−0.8) grams per cubic centimetre, similar to Earth’s. Interior-structure models suggest that any gaseous envelope of pure hydrogen and helium consists of no more than 3.9(+0.8−0.9) per cent of the total planetary mass. The planet could have been a gas giant before undergoing extreme mass loss via thermal self-disruption or giant planet collisions, or it could have avoided substantial gas accretion, perhaps through gap opening or late formation. Although photoevaporation rates cannot account for the mass loss required to reduce a Jupiter-like gas giant, they can remove a small (a few Earth masses) hydrogen and helium envelope on timescales of several billion years, implying that any remaining atmosphere on TOI-849b is likely to be enriched by water or other volatiles from the planetary interior. We conclude that TOI-849b is the remnant core of a giant planet.

Published
2020
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10. The Magellan-TESS Survey. I. Survey Description and Midsurvey Results* †

Author

Johanna Teske, Sharon Xuesong Wang, Angie Wolfgang, Tianjun Gan, Mykhaylo Plotnykov, David J. Armstrong, R. Paul Butler, Bryson Cale, Jeffrey D. Crane, Ward Howard, Eric L. N. Jensen, Nicholas Law, Stephen A. Shectman, Peter Plavchan, Diana Valencia, Andrew Vanderburg, George R. Ricker, Roland Vanderspek, David W. Latham, Sara Seager, Joshua N. Winn, Jon M. Jenkins, Vardan Adibekyan, David Barrado, Susana C. C. Barros, Zouhair Benkhaldoun, David J. A. Brown, Edward M. Bryant, Jennifer Burt, Douglas A. Caldwell, David Charbonneau, Ryan Cloutier, Karen A. Collins, Kevin I. Collins, Knicole D. Colon, Dennis M. Conti, Olivier D. S. Demangeon, Jason D. Eastman, Mohammed Elmufti, Fabo Feng, Erin Flowers, Natalia M. Guerrero, Saeed Hojjatpanah, Jonathan M. Irwin, Giovanni Isopi, Jorge Lillo-Box, Franco Mallia, Bob Massey, Mayuko Mori, Susan E. Mullally, Norio Narita, Taku Nishiumi, Ares Osborn, Martin Paegert, Jerome Pitogo de Leon, Samuel N. Quinn, Michael Reefe, Richard P. Schwarz, Avi Shporer, Abderahmane Soubkiou, Sérgio G. Sousa, Chris Stockdale, Paul A. Strøm, Thiam-Guan Tan, Jiaxin Tang, Peter Tenenbaum, Peter J. Wheatley, Justin Wittrock, Daniel A. Yahalomi, and Farzaneh Zohrabi

Published
2021
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11. NGTS-21b: an inflated Super-Jupiter orbiting a metal-poor K dwarf

Author

Douglas R Alves, James S Jenkins, Jose I Vines, Louise D Nielsen, Samuel Gill, Jack S Acton, D R Anderson, Daniel Bayliss, François Bouchy, Hannes Breytenbach, Edward M Bryant, Matthew R Burleigh, Sarah L Casewell, Philipp Eigmüller, Edward Gillen, Michael R Goad, Maximilian N Günther, Beth A Henderson, Alicia Kendall, Monika Lendl, Maximiliano Moyano, Ramotholo R Sefako, Alexis M S Smith, Jean C Costes, Rosanne H Tilbrook, Jessymol K Thomas, Stéphane Udry, Christopher A Watson, Richard G West, Peter J Wheatley, Hannah L Worters, Ares Osborn, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), techniques: photometric, planets and satellites: detection, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Space and Planetary Science, techniques: radial velocities, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, planets and satellites: general, planets and satellites: fundamental parameters, stars: general, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

We report the discovery of NGTS-21b, a massive hot Jupiter orbiting a low-mass star as part of the Next Generation Transit Survey (NGTS). The planet has a mass and radius of $2.36 \pm 0.21$ M$_{\rm J}$, and $1.33 \pm 0.03$ R$_{\rm J}$, and an orbital period of 1.543 days. The host is a K3V ($T_{\rm eff}=4660 \pm 41$, K) metal-poor (${\rm [Fe/H]}=-0.26 \pm 0.07$, dex) dwarf star with a mass and radius of $0.72 \pm 0.04$, M$_{\odot}$,and $0.86 \pm 0.04$, R$_{\odot}$. Its age and rotation period of $10.02^{+3.29}_{-7.30}$, Gyr and $17.88 \pm 0.08$, d respectively, are in accordance with the observed moderately low stellar activity level. When comparing NGTS-21b with currently known transiting hot Jupiters with similar equilibrium temperatures, it is found to have one of the largest measured radii despite its large mass. Inflation-free planetary structure models suggest the planet's atmosphere is inflated by $\sim21\%$, while inflationary models predict a radius consistent with observations, thus pointing to stellar irradiation as the probable origin of NGTS-21b's radius inflation. Additionally, NGTS-21b's bulk density ($1.25 \pm 0.15$, g/cm$^3$) is also amongst the largest within the population of metal-poor giant hosts ([Fe/H] < 0.0), helping to reveal a falling upper boundary in metallicity-planet density parameter space that is in concordance with core accretion formation models. The discovery of rare planetary systems such as NGTS-21 greatly contributes towards better constraints being placed on the formation and evolution mechanisms of massive planets orbiting low-mass stars., 12 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS

Published
2022

12. TESS Hunt for Young and Maturing Exoplanets (THYME) IX: a 27 Myr extended population of Lower-Centaurus Crux with a transiting two-planet system

Author

Mackenna L. Wood, Andrew W. Mann, Madyson G. Barber, Jonathan L. Bush, Adam L. Kraus, Benjamin M. Tofflemire, Andrew Vanderburg, Elisabeth R. Newton, Gregory A. Feiden, George Zhou, Luke G. Bouma, Samuel N. Quinn, David J. Armstrong, Ares Osborn, Vardan Adibekyan, Elisa Delgado Mena, Sergio G. Sousa, Jonathan Gagné, Matthew J. Fields, Reilly P. Milburn, Pa Chia Thao, Stephen P. Schmidt, Crystal L. Gnilka, Steve B. Howell, Nicholas M. Law, Carl Ziegler, César Briceño, George R. Ricker, Roland Vanderspek, David W. Latham, Sara Seager, Joshua N. Winn, Jon M. Jenkins, Joshua E. Schlieder, Hugh P. Osborn, Joseph D. Twicken, David R. Ciardi, and Chelsea X. Huang

Subjects
Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

We report the discovery and characterization of a nearby (~ 85 pc), older (27 +/- 3 Myr), distributed stellar population near Lower-Centaurus-Crux (LCC), initially identified by searching for stars co-moving with a candidate transiting planet from TESS (HD 109833; TOI 1097). We determine the association membership using Gaia kinematics, color-magnitude information, and rotation periods of candidate members. We measure it's age using isochrones, gyrochronology, and Li depletion. While the association is near known populations of LCC, we find that it is older than any previously found LCC sub-group (10-16 Myr), and distinct in both position and velocity. In addition to the candidate planets around HD 109833 the association contains four directly-imaged planetary-mass companions around 3 stars, YSES-1, YSES-2, and HD 95086, all of which were previously assigned membership in the younger LCC. Using the Notch pipeline, we identify a second candidate transiting planet around HD 109833. We use a suite of ground-based follow-up observations to validate the two transit signals as planetary in nature. HD 109833 b and c join the small but growing population of, 23 pages, 15 figures, Accepted for publication in AJ

Published
2022
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