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International audience; As described in the literature, the demand characteristics could influence the food distribution configuration. The aim of this paper is to explain how these demand characteristics can be used to describe the logistic requirements for food distribution configuration. With this aim, the chosen methodological approach integrates a literature review, interviews of stakeholders involved in the distribution system and a survey to the French industrial sector. Results describe the logistic requirements from for food distribution found in the literature review according to the different actors, products and distribution configuration adopted. Furthermore, the logistic requirements extracted from the literature review are compared with the primary data collected to establish the main logistic requirements linked to the conscious demand in the food supply chain for the food distribution configuration. The main logistic requirements defined are linked to facility location, supplier selection and distribution optimization due to the logistic platforms and transportation strategies development. Finally, the results of this research provide information to food supply chain actors when designing the food distribution circuits aiming to answer to conscious demand characteristics that are emerging.

Despite advances in imaging techniques, in many cases they are insufficient to establish the diagnosis of pancreatic cystic lesions (PCL). There are few publications in our setting that evaluate the combination of several methods obtained by endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA). The aim of the study was to evaluate the overall utility of EUS-FNA in the diagnosis of PCL.

137-140 leoarguello@gmail.com

141-146 leoarguello@gmail.com

Recurrence after surgery to treat Crohn's disease is frequent and unpredictable. The efficacy of postsurgery capsule endoscopy in detecting recurrence in patients with Crohn's disease is yet to be confirmed.

two standardized techniques, Quantiplex HCV RNA 2.0 (bDNA) and Amplicor Monitor, were evaluated for the quantification of hepatitis C virus (HCV) load. Our objectives were: 1) to determine the relationship between viral load and genotype, and 2) to evaluate viral load in serial serum samples and in patients with normal or slightly elevated liver enzyme values in an area with a high prevalence of genotype 1.the viral loads detected with the two methods correlated significantly (r = 0.7, p0.0001), but viral load was smaller with the Monitor than with the Quantiplex assay, and was independent of genotype. The Monitor/Quantiplex ratio was lower in patients with a non-1 genotype than in patients with genotype 1b. Virological characteristics were similar in patients with normal or slightly elevated enzyme levels and in patients with elevated enzyme values. Neither method showed a relationship between viral load and age, sex, duration of the infection, mode of transmission, or histological activity index.viral load was not dependent on genotype. Measurement of viral load in a single serum sample adequately reflected the viral load measured in several serum samples from patients with chronic HCV infection. Patients with normal liver enzyme levels are not good candidates, in virological terms, for treatment with interferon.

to identify pretreatment predictive factors of long-term biochemical and virological response to interferon-alpha in chronic hepatitis C and to determine the effects of a second course of interferon-alpha in patients who responded but relapsed after interferon withdrawal.retrospective analysis.outpatient liver clinic of a tertiary hospital in Spain.112 patients with chronic hepatitis C were treated with recombinant interferon-alpha (3 MU three times a week for 6 months). Twenty-four patients who responded but relapsed after interferon withdrawal were treated with a second course of interferon (3 MU three times a week for 12 months).seventy-two patients were non-responders (64%), 11 patients had a sustained response (10%) and 29 patients responded but relapsed after interferon withdrawal (26%). Five (25%) of the 24 patients who relapsed and were treated with a second course of interferon experienced a sustained response (mean follow-up: 10 months). By multivariate analysis, four pretreatment variables were found to be predictive of a complete response: age40 years (p = 0.0004), history of IVDA (p = 0.001), low serum levels (p = 0.013), and genotype 3 (p = 0.01). Two variables were found to be predictive of a sustained response: short duration of HCV infection (p = 0.09) and genotype 3 (p = 0.01). Sustained responders appeared to have lower HCV-RNA levels than those with complete response who relapsed and non-responders. HCV viremia levels were not associated with the severity of liver histology, duration of disease or the source of hepatitis.in the present study a low sustained response rate was observed using a standard interferon-alpha regimen (3 MU three times a week for 6 months). The sustained response rate increased slightly with a second course of interferon-alpha (3 MU three times a week for 12 months) in patients with a complete response who relapsed after interferon withdrawal. Sustained response is related to viral genotype and duration of HCV infection.

International audience; This paper presents a preliminary analysis of Urban Logistics Spaces (ULS) in Barranquilla, Colombia, with the aim of defining a typology in port cities in developing countries and examining the relevance of using a specific typology for those cities or having a unique and general typology, for any city in the world. Firstly, the background to the research is presented. Then, the methodology for the characterization of urban facilities and the definition of the typology is presented. A qualitative characterization was carried out through semi-structured interviews, in order to understand the specificities of the ULS located in Barranquilla, and to analyses how the logistic spaces that are not yet in that context could improve the city's logistic system. The data collection was carried out with the participation of nine (9) actors belonging to the logistic system of the city of Barranquilla. The results show that the "standard" typology chosen, typical of the European context, is partially recognized by the professionals of Barranquilla, and therefore the identification of other types of ULS currently operating in the Colombian context was obtained. Consequently, it is necessary to standardize the typology of urban logistic spaces and to deepen the analyses to define a general typology, which would be reduced in relation to the type of city, but which would have a unified general base capable of being later adapted to any city.

To assess the achievement of quality standards of colonoscopy at six endoscopy units.Three indicators were used to assess the quality of 1056 colonoscopies performed at six hospitals: cecal intubation; adequate colon cleansing; and removal and recovery of all detected polyps. Analyses were performed on the total number of colonoscopies and on colonoscopies in which polyps were actually detected. The accomplishment of each indicator and a global compound index of all three indicators, named the Problem Rate, were analyzed. Results from each endoscopy unit were compared to previously established standards.Adequate colon cleansing was the most frequent problem for quality in all centers; adequate colon preparation was 67% (range 50 to 84%). The cecum was reached in 84% of all colonoscopies (range 76 to 90%). 75% of all patients (range 28. 79%) had all polyps excised and recovered. All centers had rates below standard for one or several indicators (p0.01, all cases). Two of the participant hospitals had an overall problem rate above the estimated standard (p0.01).There is a significant variation in the achievement of quality standards of colonoscopy between endoscopy units. Colon cleansing is the most frequent quality problem for colonoscopy.

1) to identify pretreatment variables predictive of nonresponse to interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) in patients with chronic hepatitis C, and 2) to establish a prognostic index in these groups using receiver operating characteristics curve analysis.132 patients were treated with IFN-alpha at a dose of 3 megaunits three times a week for 3-12 months. The response was compared in patients with a complete response vs nonresponders, and patients with a sustained response vs nonresponders plus relapsers. Factors predictive of response were identified by analyzing clinical, biochemical, virological and histological variables.The sustained response rate was 12.8% at 24 months of follow-up. The pretreatment characteristics with a predictive value (PV) according to area under the ROC curve and 95% confidence interval0.5 were age, known duration of infection, history of transfusion, GGT, serum ferritin levels, viral load, genotype, and grade and stage of the histological lesion. The positive PV (the probability of predicting absence of response when the variable is present) was notably greater than the negative PV (mean: 94.9% vs 24.8%, respectively). In addition, when 4 and 6 variables were present, the positive PV was 100% and sensitivity was 60.2% and 22.1%, respectively. The predictive variables independently associated with an absence of response were genotypes 1, 4 and 5, GGT24 IU/l and grade of the histological lesion6.It was possible to predict the absence of both primary and posttreatment response with an acceptable degree of reliability.