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This document provides a comprehensive overview of the challenges and advancements in preventing and controlling respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection. It discusses the introduction of new vaccines and monoclonal antibodies, such as Nirsevimab, Arexvy, and Abrysvo, in Australia and their efficacy in preventing RSV-related hospitalizations. The document also addresses issues of accessibility and funding for these preventive measures and emphasizes the need for equitable healthcare solutions. It highlights the development of new antivirals and monoclonal antibodies, as well as the importance of addressing vaccine hesitancy and public awareness. Additionally, the document includes references to various sources for further information on the effectiveness and safety of RSV vaccines and treatments. [Extracted from the article]

This article discusses the importance of seasonal vaccination in preventing viral illnesses, particularly in the post-pandemic setting. It emphasizes the need for continuous surveillance of viral threats and highlights the expanded scope of seasonal vaccination, including ongoing vaccination against COVID-19 and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). The article provides key points for practitioners and patients, such as the earlier onset of the influenza season and the coadministration of vaccines during routine consultations. It also discusses the availability of new vaccines and a monoclonal antibody for RSV. The article addresses the challenges and strategies related to seasonal vaccination, including vaccine hesitancy and misinformation, and emphasizes the role of clinicians in educating and recommending vaccination to patients. [Extracted from the article]

This article provides a comprehensive guide for healthcare providers in Australia on managing the upcoming 2024 influenza season. It covers topics such as understanding influenza viruses, diagnostic processes, potential complications, antiviral treatments, vaccination strategies, and nonpharmaceutical interventions. The article emphasizes the importance of epidemiological vigilance, rapid diagnosis, strategic treatment, preventative measures, and addressing gaps in current clinical practices. It also discusses the virology of influenza, the changing face of the virus, and its spread among humans. The article highlights the importance of accurate and rapid diagnosis, the availability of diagnostic testing methods, and the need to consider influenza as a potential diagnosis even in vaccinated individuals. It also discusses complications of influenza, factors associated with a high risk of severe influenza, the importance of influenza prevention through vaccination, and the decline in vaccination rates. Nonpharmaceutical interventions, such as education and behavioral strategies, are also emphasized as important in controlling influenza spread. The article concludes by emphasizing the importance of preparedness and a comprehensive approach to managing the upcoming influenza season. [Extracted from the article]

The ACR recognizes that low-dose CT for lung cancer screening has the potential to significantly reduce mortality from lung cancer in the appropriate high-risk population. The ACR supports the recommendations of the US Preventive Services Task Force and the National Comprehensive Cancer Network for screening patients. To be effective, lung cancer screening should be performed at sites providing high-quality low-dose CT examinations overseen and interpreted by qualified physicians using a structured reporting and management system. The ACR has developed a set of tools necessary for radiologists to take the lead on the front lines of lung cancer screening. The ACR Lung Cancer Screening Center designation is built upon the ACR CT accreditation program and requires use of Lung-RADS or a similar structured reporting and management system. This designation provides patients and referring providers with the assurance that they will receive high-quality screening with appropriate follow-up care.

Purpose: Temporal resolution of time‐lapse MRI to track individual iron‐labeled cells is limited by the required data‐acquisition time to fill k‐space and to reach sufficient SNR. Although motion of slowly patrolling monocytes can be resolved, detection of fast‐moving immune cells requires improved acquisition and reconstruction strategies. Theory and Methods: For accelerated MRI cell tracking, a Cartesian sampling scheme was designed, in which the fully sampled and undersampled k‐space data for different acceleration factors were acquired simultaneously, and multiple undersampling ratios could be chosen retrospectively. Compressed‐sensing reconstruction was applied using dictionary learning and low‐rank constraints. Detection of iron‐labeled monocytes was evaluated with simulations, rotating phantom experiments and in vivo mouse brain measurements at 9.4 T. Results: Fully sampled and 2.4‐times and 4.8‐times accelerated images were reconstructed and had sufficient contrast‐to‐noise ratio (CNR) for single cells to be resolved and followed dynamically. The phantom experiments showed an improvement in CNR of 6.1% per μm/s in the 4.8‐times undersampled images. Geometric distortion of cells caused by motion was visibly reduced in the accelerated images, which enabled detection of moving cells with velocities of up to 7.0 μm/s. In vivo, additional cells were resolved in the accelerated images due to the improved temporal resolution. Conclusion: The easy‐to‐implement flexible Cartesian sampling scheme with compressed‐sensing reconstruction permits simultaneous acquisition of both fully sampled and high temporal resolution images. The CNR of moving cells is effectively improved, enabling the recovery of high velocity cells with sufficient contrast at virtually no cost. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]