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1. Integrating Assessment of Characterization, Sustainability and Efficiency for the Production of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): A Case Study in the Amazonas Region of Peru

Author

Roberto Carlos Mori Zabarburú, Carlos Millones, Grobert A. Guadalupe, Guillermo Idrogo-Vásquez, Fred William Chu-Koo, Armstrong B. Fernández-Jeri, Elizabeth Gill, Segundo G. Chavez, and Ligia García

Subjects
characterization, sustainability, efficiency, rainbow trout, Agriculture (General), S1-972
Abstract

In this research, aspects of sustainability and efficiency were evaluated to provide information to decision makers. First, 39 rainbow trout farms were characterized, sustainability indices were determined for 36 production units using Sarandon’s methodology, and technical efficiency was evaluated using input-oriented Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). The production units studied were grouped into three clusters, and the most determining variables were associated with total annual production. In addition, a medium-level general index was obtained with a total of 60 sub-indicators, divided into four social indicators (with 10 sub-indicators), four economic indicators (with 34 sub-indicators) and three environmental indicators (totaling 16 sub-indicators). Of 33 production units evaluated, 14 were identified as efficient; the Amazonas region’s trout farmers were found to operate at 83.87% technical efficiency on average. All resources showed room for improvement and thus can be further adjusted. The most underutilized resources were land (area), feed and seed (fry), which could be reduced to increase technical efficiency. In conclusion, the trout farming units in northeastern Peru are differentiated into three groups by production volume and operate at a medium level of sustainability, with most at levels of technical inefficiency.

Published
2023
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2. Rheological, bioactive properties and sensory preferences of dark chocolates with partial incorporation of Sacha Inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.) oil

Author

Marleni Medina-Mendoza, Roxana J. Rodriguez-Pérez, Elizabeth Rojas-Ocampo, Llisela Torrejón-Valqui, Armstrong B. Fernández-Jeri, Guillermo Idrogo-Vásquez, Ilse S. Cayo-Colca, and Efraín M. Castro-Alayo

Subjects
Sacha Inchi oil, Dark chocolate, Criollo cocoa beans, Rheology, Sensory preferences, Functional food, Science (General), Q1-390, Social sciences (General), H1-99
Abstract

We studied the effect of substituting partially, cocoa butter (CB) with Sacha Inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.) oil (SIO) on rheology, bioactive properties, and sensory preferences in potentially functional chocolate. For this 70% dark chocolates were prepared and the CB was substituted with 1.5%, 3%, and 4.5% of SIO. Hardness and viscosity of the SIO-chocolates were significantly reduced compared to the control (5451 ± 658 g; 17.01 ± 0.94 Pa s, respectively). Total phenolic content remained constant while the antioxidant capacity increased up to IC50 of 2.48 ± 0.10 as the content of SIO increased. The Casson yield stress and Casson plastic viscosity decreased as the amount of SIO increased. Chocolates with 4.5% SIO had a similar color, better glossiness, preferable snap attributes, and were more accepted (7.50 ± 0.08) compared to the control (p < 0.05), measured with a hedonic scale. Then, SIO can improve the bioactive properties of dark chocolates obtaining a potentially functional food with acceptable physicochemical characteristics. SIO can be considered as a new cocoa butter equivalent.

Published
2021
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3. The roasting process and place of cultivation influence the volatile fingerprint of Criollo cocoa from Amazonas, Peru

Author

Marvin G. Valle-Epquín, César R. Balcázar-Zumaeta, Erick A. Auquiñivín-Silva, Armstrong B. Fernández-Jeri, Guillermo Idrogo-Vásquez, and Efraín M. Castro-Alayo

Subjects
Criollo cocoa, roasting, volatile fingerprint, aromatic markers, principal component analysis., Agriculture, Agriculture (General), S1-972
Abstract

The Criollo cocoa bean is classified as “fine” or flavor cocoas, being perceived as aromatic or smooth with fruity, raisin, floral, spicy, nutty, molasses, and caramel notes. In the present work, gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry was used to study the volatile fingerprint of roasted and unroasted Criollo cocoa from four Amazon districts: Nieva, Cajaruro, Copallín and La Peca located in the Amazon Region of Peru. The results showed that the main sensory perception of cocoa is fruit, and this decreases as the roasting intensity increases. A total of 96 volatile compounds were found, of which the esters had a greater presence in the volatile fingerprint of Criollo cocoa. Propyl acetate (3.5%), acetoin acetate (1.3%) and diethyl succinate (0.8%) were found as the characteristic compounds of Criollo cocoa analyzed, which give it its fruit perception. The linalool/benzaldehyde ratio was between 0.56 and 0.89 for La Peca and Cajaruro cocoa. Principal component analysis revealed that the Criollo cocoa in each district has a different volatile fingerprint, whether it is roasted or unroasted beans. The roasting process generates a greater differentiation of the volatile fingerprint of Criollo cocoa.

Published
2020
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4. Aceites esenciales de plantas nativas del Perú: Efecto del lugar de cultivo en las características fisicoquímicas y actividad antioxidante

Author

Efraín M. Castro–Alayo, Segundo G. Chávez–Quintana, Erick A. Auquiñivín-Silva, Armstrong B. Fernández-Jeri, Otilia Acha-De la Cruz, Nadia Rodríguez-Hamamura, Guadalupe Olivas-Orozco, and David Roberto Sepúlveda-Ahumada

Subjects
Aceite esencial, huacatay, poleo, romero, sachaculantro., Agriculture, Agriculture (General), S1-972
Abstract

Los aceites esenciales (AE) son usados como conservantes en la industria de alimentos, debido a sus características fisicoquímicas y actividad antioxidante. El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar rendimiento (R), gravedad específica (GE), índice de refracción (IR), actividad antioxidante (AA) y composición química de AE de huacatay (Tagetes minuta), poleo (Minthostachys mollis), romero (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) y sachaculantro (Eryngium foetidum L.), plantas recolectadas de 52 distritos de la región Amazonas, Perú. Para cada AE se usó análisis de varianza de efectos fijos con tres repeticiones y análisis de clúster. La actividad antioxidante se determinó con el método del radical libre 2,2-difenil-1-picrilhidracilo (DPPH) y sus componentes más abundantes fueron identificados con cromatografía de gases acoplada a espectrometría de masas. Las diferencias en R, GE e IR fueron significativas entre distritos. La AA no mostró diferencia significativa entre los distritos, pero entre las plantas sí. Entre los componentes volátiles más abundantes se identificó 1–adamantanol (44,42%) en huacatay, β–felandreno (20,85%) en poleo, β–mirceno (34,59%) en romero y α–pineno (23,41%) en sachaculantro. Se concluye que el lugar geográfico afecta significativamente las propiedades fisicoquímicas de los AE.

Published
2019
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5. Light Infantry Logistics: Transforming from the Global War on Terrorism

Author

Erickson, Joshua D., Fancher, Michael C., Karlewicz, Adam M., Peatfield, Kyle D., Henri, Armstrong B., Johnson, Austin W., Ault, Curt, Martin, Amber L., and Gallagher, Caleb J.

Subjects
United States. Army, War on Terrorism, 2001- -- Military aspects, Infantry -- Military aspects, Terrorism -- Military aspects, General interest, Military and naval science
Abstract

Mountainous terrain has proven to be the ultimate combat and sustainment equalizer, but the U.S. Army's 10th Mountain Division has been 'flattening' mountainous and alpine terrain for the U.S. military's [...]

Published
2024

9. From GWAS to genome sequencing: complementary approaches to identify melanoma predisposition genes

Author

MacGregor S, Brown KM, Stark M, Gartside M, Woods S, Bonazzi V, Aoude L, Dutton-Regester K, Tyagi S, Liu J, Duffy DL, Palmer J, Cust A, Schmid H, Symmons J, Holland E, Agha-Hamilton C, Holohan K, Youngkin D, Gillanders E, Jenkins MA, Kelly J, Whiteman DC, Kefford R, Giles G, Armstrong B, Aitken J, Hopper J, Montgomery G, Schmidt C, Trent JM, Martin NG, Mann GJ, and Hayward NK

Subjects
Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282, Genetics, QH426-470
Published
2012
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10. SNIa-Cosmology Analysis Results from Simulated LSST Images: from Difference Imaging to Constraints on Dark Energy

Author

Sánchez, B., Kessler, R., Scolnic, D., Armstrong, B., Biswas, R., Bogart, J., Chiang, J., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Fouchez, D., Gris, Ph., Heitmann, K., Hložek, R., Jha, S., Kelly, H., Liu, S., Narayan, G., Racine, B., Rykoff, E., Sullivan, M., Walter, C., Wood-Vasey, M., and Collaboration, The LSST Dark Energy Science

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The Vera Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) is expected to process ${\sim}10^6$ transient detections per night. For precision measurements of cosmological parameters and rates, it is critical to understand the detection efficiency, magnitude limits, artifact contamination levels, and biases in the selection and photometry. Here we rigorously test the LSST Difference Image Analysis (DIA) pipeline using simulated images from the Rubin Observatory LSST Dark Energy Science Collaboration (DESC) Data Challenge (DC2) simulation for the Wide-Fast-Deep (WFD) survey area. DC2 is the first large-scale (300 deg$^2$) image simulation of a transient survey that includes realistic cadence, variable observing conditions, and CCD image artifacts. We analyze ${\sim}$15 deg$^2$ of DC2 over a 5-year time-span in which artificial point-sources from Type Ia Supernovae (SNIa) light curves have been overlaid onto the images. We measure the detection efficiency as a function of Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) and find a $50\%$ efficiency at $\rm{SNR}=5.8$. The magnitude limits for each filter are: $u=23.66$, $g=24.69$, $r=24.06$, $i=23.45$, $z=22.54$, $y=21.62$ $\rm{mag}$. The artifact contamination is $\sim90\%$ of detections, corresponding to $\sim1000$ artifacts/deg$^2$ in $g$ band, and falling to 300 per deg$^2$ in $y$ band. The photometry has biases $<1\%$ for magnitudes $19.5 < m <23$. Our DIA performance on simulated images is similar to that of the Dark Energy Survey pipeline applied to real images. We also characterize DC2 image properties to produce catalog-level simulations needed for distance bias corrections. We find good agreement between DC2 data and simulations for distributions of SNR, redshift, and fitted light-curve properties. Applying a realistic SNIa-cosmology analysis for redshifts $z<1$, we recover the input cosmology parameters to within statistical uncertainties., Comment: Submitting to Astronomy & Astrophysics

Published
2021
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21. The burden of heat-related mortality attributable to recent human-induced climate change

Author

Vicedo-Cabrera, A. M., Scovronick, N., Sera, F., Royé, D., Schneider, R., Tobias, A., Astrom, C., Guo, Y., Honda, Y., Hondula, D. M., Abrutzky, R., Tong, S., Coelho, M. de Sousa Zanotti Stagliorio, Saldiva, P. H. Nascimento, Lavigne, E., Correa, P. Matus, Ortega, N. Valdes, Kan, H., Osorio, S., Kyselý, J., Urban, A., Orru, H., Indermitte, E., Jaakkola, J. J. K., Ryti, N., Pascal, M., Schneider, A., Katsouyanni, K., Samoli, E., Mayvaneh, F., Entezari, A., Goodman, P., Zeka, A., Michelozzi, P., de’Donato, F., Hashizume, M., Alahmad, B., Diaz, M. Hurtado, Valencia, C. De La Cruz, Overcenco, A., Houthuijs, D., Ameling, C., Rao, S., Di Ruscio, F., Carrasco-Escobar, G., Seposo, X., Silva, S., Madureira, J., Holobaca, I. H., Fratianni, S., Acquaotta, F., Kim, H., Lee, W., Iniguez, C., Forsberg, B., Ragettli, M. S., Guo, Y. L. L., Chen, B. Y., Li, S., Armstrong, B., Aleman, A., Zanobetti, A., Schwartz, J., Dang, T. N., Dung, D. V., Gillett, N., Haines, A., Mengel, M., Huber, V., and Gasparrini, A.

Published
2021
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23. Combined uranium-series and electron spin resonance dating from the Pliocene fossil sites of Aves and Milo's palaeocaves, Bolt's Farm, Cradle of Humankind, South Africa

Author

Yu, W, Herries, AIR, Edwards, T, Armstrong, B, Joannes-Boyau, R, Yu, W, Herries, AIR, Edwards, T, Armstrong, B, and Joannes-Boyau, R

Abstract

Bolt's Farm is the name given to a series of non-hominin bearing fossil sites that have often been suggested to be some of the oldest Pliocene sites in the Cradle of Humankind, South Africa. This article reports the results of the first combined Uranium-Series and Electron Spin Resonance (US-ESR) dating of bovid teeth at Milo's Cave and Aves Cave at Bolt's Farm. Both tooth enamel fragments and tooth enamel powder ages were presented for comparison. US-ESR, EU and LU models are calculated. Overall, the powder ages are consistent with previous uranium-lead and palaeomagnetic age estimates for the Aves Cave deposit, which suggest an age between ~3.15 and 2.61 Ma and provide the first ages for Milo's Cave dates to between ~3.1 and 2.7 Ma. The final ages were not overly dependent on the models used (US-ESR, LU or EU), which all overlap within error. These ages are all consistent with the biochronological age estimate (<3.4->2.6 Ma) based on the occurrence of Stage I Metridiochoerus andrewsi. Preliminary palaeomagnetic analysis from Milo's Cave indicates a reversal takes place at the site with predominantly intermediate directions, suggesting the deposit may date to the period between ~3.03 and 3.11 Ma within error of the ESR ages. This further suggests that there are no definitive examples of palaeocave deposits at Bolt's Farm older than 3.2 Ma. This research indicates that US-ESR dating has the potential to date fossil sites in the Cradle of Humankind to over 3 Ma. However, bulk sample analysis for US-ESR dating is recommended for sites over 3 Ma.

Published
2024

26. Conditional operation of a spin qubit

Author

van Weperen, I., Armstrong, B. D., Laird, E. A., Medford, J., Marcus, C. M., Hanson, M. P., and Gossard, A. C.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Quantum Physics
Abstract

We report coherent operation of a singlet-triplet qubit controlled by the arrangement of two electrons in an adjacent double quantum dot. The system we investigate consists of two pairs of capacitively coupled double quantum dots fabricated by electrostatic gates on the surface of a GaAs heterostructure. We extract the strength of the capacitive coupling between qubit and double quantum dot and show that the present geometry allows fast conditional gate operation, opening pathways to multi-qubit control and implementation of quantum algorithms with spin qubits., Comment: related papers here: http://marcuslab.harvard.edu

Published
2011
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27. X-ray Properties of the First SZE-selected Galaxy Cluster Sample from the South Pole Telescope

Author

Andersson, K., Benson, B. A., Ade, P. A. R., Aird, K. A., Armstrong, B., Bautz, M., Bleem, L. E., Brodwin, M., Carlstrom, J. E., Chang, C. L., Crawford, T. M., Crites, A. T., de Haan, T., Desai, S., Dobbs, M. A., Dudley, J. P., Foley, R. J., Forman, W. R., Garmire, G., George, E. M., Gladders, M. D., Halverson, N. W., High, F. W., Holder, G. P., Holzapfel, W. L., Hrubes, J. D., Jones, C., Joy, M., Keisler, R., Knox, L., Lee, A. T., Leitch, E. M., Lueker, M., Marrone, D. P., McMahon, J. J., Mehl, J., Meyer, S. S., Mohr, J. J., Montroy, T. E., Murray, S. S., Padin, S., Plagge, T., Pryke, C., Reichardt, C. L., Rest, A., Ruel, J., Ruhl, J. E., Schaffer, K. K., Shaw, L., Shirokoff, E., Song, J., Spieler, H. G., Stalder, B., Staniszewski, Z., Stark, A. A., Stubbs, C. W., Vanderlinde, K., Vieira, J. D., Vikhlinin, A., Williamson, R., Yang, Y., and Zahn, O.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We present results of X-ray observations of a sample of 15 clusters selected via their imprint on the cosmic microwave background (CMB) from the thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect. These clusters are a subset of the first SZ-selected cluster catalog, obtained from observations of 178 deg^2 of sky surveyed by the South Pole Telescope. Using X-ray observations with Chandra and XMM-Newton, we estimate the temperature, T_X, and mass, M_g, of the intracluster medium (ICM) within r_500 for each cluster. From these, we calculate Y_X=M_g T_X and estimate the total cluster mass using a M_500-Y_X scaling relation measured from previous X-ray studies. The integrated Comptonization, Y_SZ, is derived from the SZ measurements, using additional information from the X-ray measured gas density profiles and a universal temperature profile. We calculate scaling relations between the X-ray and SZ observables, and find results generally consistent with other measurements and the expectations from simple self-similar behavior. Specifically, we fit a Y_SZ-Y_X relation and find a normalization of 0.82 +- 0.07, marginally consistent with the predicted ratio of Y_SZ/Y_X=0.91+-0.01 that would be expected from the density and temperature models used in this work. Using the Y_X derived mass estimates, we fit a Y_SZ-M_500 relation and find a slope consistent with the self-similar expectation of Y_SZ ~ M^5/3 with a normalization consistent with predictions from other X-ray studies. We compare the X-ray mass estimates to previously published SZ mass estimates derived from cosmological simulations of the SPT survey. We find that the SZ mass estimates are lower by a factor of 0.89+-0.06, which is within the ~15% systematic uncertainty quoted for the simulation-based SZ masses., Comment: 28 pages, 19 figures, submitted to ApJ

Published
2010
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34. Review of particle physics

Author

Eidelman, S, Hayes, KG, Olive, KA, Aguilar-Benitez, M, Amsler, C, Asner, D, Babu, KS, Barnett, RM, Beringer, J, Burchat, PR, Carone, CD, Caso, C, Conforto, G, Dahl, O, D'Ambrosio, G, Doser, M, Feng, JL, Gherghetta, T, Gibbons, L, Goodman, M, Grab, C, Groom, DE, Gurtu, A, Hagiwara, K, Hernández-Rey, JJ, Hikasa, K, Honscheid, K, Jawahery, H, Kolda, C, Kwon, Y, Mangano, ML, Manohar, AV, March-Russell, J, Masoni, A, Miquel, R, Mönig, K, Murayama, H, Nakamura, K, Navas, S, Pape, L, Patrignani, C, Piepke, A, Raffelt, G, Roos, M, Tanabashi, M, Terning, J, Törnqvist, NA, Trippe, TG, Vogel, P, Wohl, CG, Workman, RL, Yao, WM, Zyla, PA, Armstrong, B, Gee, PS, Harper, G, Lugovsky, KS, Lugovsky, SB, Lugovsky, VS, Rom, A, Artuso, M, Barberio, E, Battaglia, M, Bichsel, H, Biebel, O, Bloch, P, Cahn, RN, Casper, D, Cattai, A, Chivukula, RS, Cowan, G, Damour, T, Desler, K, Dobbs, MA, Drees, M, Edwards, A, Edwards, DA, Elvira, VD, Erler, J, Ezhela, VV, Fetscher, W, Fields, BD, Foster, B, Froidevaux, D, Fukugita, M, Gaisser, TK, Garren, L, Gerber, HJ, Gerbier, G, Gilman, FJ, Haber, HE, Hagmann, C, Hewett, J, Hinchliffe, I, Hogan, CJ, Höhler, G, Igo-Kemenes, P, Jackson, JD, Johnson, KF, and Karlen, D

Subjects
Nuclear & Particles Physics, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Mathematical Physics, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics
Abstract

This biennial Review summarizes much of Particle Physics. Using data from previous editions, plus 1726 new measurements from 512 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We also summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as Higgs bosons, heavy neutrinos, and supersymmetric particles. All the particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We also give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as the Standard Model, particle detectors, probability, and statistics. Among the 119 reviews are many that are new or heavily revised including those on neutrino mixing, CP violation in K, D, and B mesons, Vcb, the new exotic Θ(1540) particle, extra-dimensions, grand unified theories, cosmic background radiation, dark matter, cosmological parameters, and big bang cosmology. A booklet is available containing the Summary Tables and abbreviated versions ofsome of the other sections of this full Review. All tables, listings, and reviews (and errata) are also available on the Particle Data Group website: http//pdg.lbl.gov. ©2004 Regents of the University of California.

Published
2004

35. Review of Particle Physics

Author

Group, Particle Data, Eidelman, S, Hayes, KG, Olive, KA, Aguilar-Benitez, M, Amsler, C, Asner, D, Babu, KS, Barnett, RM, Beringer, J, Burchat, PR, Carone, CD, Caso, S, Conforto, G, Dahl, O, D'Ambrosio, G, Doser, M, Feng, JL, Gherghetta, T, Gibbons, L, Goodman, M, Grab, C, Groom, DE, Gurtu, A, Hagiwara, K, Hernández-Rey, JJ, Hikasa, K, Honscheid, K, Jawahery, H, Kolda, C, Kwon, Y, Mangano, ML, Manohar, AV, March-Russell, J, Masoni, A, Miquel, R, Mönig, K, Murayama, H, Nakamura, K, Navas, S, Pape, L, Patrignani, C, Piepke, A, Raffelt, G, Roos, M, Tanabashi, M, Terning, J, Törnqvist, NA, Trippe, TG, Vogel, P, Wohl, CG, Workman, RL, Yao, W-M, Zyla, PA, Armstrong, B, Gee, PS, Harper, G, Lugovsky, KS, Lugovsky, SB, Lugovsky, VS, Rom, A, Artuso, M, Barberio, E, Battaglia, M, Bichsel, H, Biebel, O, Bloch, P, Cahn, RN, Casper, D, Cattai, A, Chivukula, RS, Cowan, G, Damour, T, Desler, K, Dobbs, MA, Drees, M, Edwards, A, Edwards, DA, Elvira, VD, Erler, J, Ezhela, VV, Fetscher, W, Fields, BD, Foster, B, Froidevaux, D, Fukugita, M, Gaisser, TK, Garren, L, Gerber, H-J, Gerbier, G, Gilman, FJ, Haber, HE, Hagmann, C, Hewett, J, Hinchliffe, I, Hogan, CJ, Höhler, G, Igo-Kemenes, P, Jackson, JD, and Johnson, KF

Subjects
Mathematical Physics, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics
Abstract

This biennial Review summarizes much of Particle Physics. Using data from previous editions, plus 1726 new measurements from 512 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We also summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as Higgs bosons, heavy neutrinos, and supersymmetric particles. All the particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We also give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as the Standard Model, particle detectors, probability, and statistics. Among the 119 reviews are many that are new or heavily revised including those on neutrino mixing, CP violation in K, D, and B mesons, Vcb, the new exotic Θ(1540) particle, extra-dimensions, grand unified theories, cosmic background radiation, dark matter, cosmological parameters, and big bang cosmology. A booklet is available containing the Summary Tables and abbreviated versions ofsome of the other sections of this full Review. All tables, listings, and reviews (and errata) are also available on the Particle Data Group website: http//pdg.lbl.gov. ©2004 Regents of the University of California.

Published
2004

36. Review of Particle Physics: Particle data group

Author

Hagiwara, K, Hikasa, K, Nakamura, K, Tanabashi, M, Aguilar-Benitez, M, Amsler, C, Barnett, RM, Burchat, PR, Carone, CD, Caso, C, Conforto, G, Dahl, O, Doser, M, Eidelman, S, Feng, JL, Gibbons, L, Goodman, M, Grab, C, Groom, DE, Gurtu, A, Hayes, KG, Hernández-Rey, JJ, Honscheid, K, Kolda, C, Mangano, ML, Manley, DM, Manohar, AV, March-Russell, J, Masoni, A, Miquel, R, Mönig, K, Murayama, H, Navas, S, Olive, KA, Pape, L, Patrignani, C, Piepke, A, Roos, M, Terning, J, Törnqvist, NA, Trippe, TG, Vogel, P, Wohl, CG, Workman, RL, Yao, WM, Armstrong, B, Gee, PS, Lugovsky, KS, Lugovsky, SB, Lugovsky, VS, Artuso, M, Asner, D, Babu, KS, Barberio, E, Battaglia, M, Bichsel, H, Biebel, O, Bloch, P, Cahn, RN, Cattai, A, Chivukula, RS, Cousins, RD, Cowan, G, Damour, T, Desler, K, Donahue, RJ, Edwards, DA, Elvira, VD, Erler, J, Ezhela, VV, Fassó, A, Fetscher, W, Fields, BD, Foster, B, Froidevaux, D, Fukugita, M, Gaisser, TK, Garren, L, Gerber, HJ, Gilman, FJ, Haber, HE, Hagmann, C, Hewett, J, Hinchliffe, I, Hogan, CJ, Höhler, G, Igo-Kemenes, P, Jackson, JD, Johnson, KF, Karlen, D, Kayser, B, Klein, SR, Kleinknecht, K, Knowles, IG, Kreitz, P, Kuyanov, YV, Landua, R, Langacker, P, Littenberg, L, and Martin, AD

Subjects
Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Quantum Physics, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics
Abstract

This biennial Review summarizes much of Particle Physics. Using data from previous editions, plus 2205 new measurements from 667 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We also summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as Higgs bosons, heavy neutrinos, and supersymmetric particles. All the particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We also give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as the Standard Model, particle detectors, probability, and statistics. This edition features expanded coverage of CP violation in B mesons and of neutrino oscillations. For the first time we cover searches for evidence of extra dimensions (both in the particle listings and in a new review). Another new review is on Grand Unified Theories. A booklet is available containing the Summary Tables and abbreviated versions of some of the other sections of this full Review. All tables, listings, and reviews (and errata) are also available on the Particle Data Group website: http://pdg.lbl.gov.

Published
2002

37. Rapid increase in the risk of heat-related mortality

Author

Lüthi, S. (Samuel), Fairless, C. (Christopher), Fischer, E. M. (Erich M.), Scovronick, N. (Noah), Armstrong, B. (Ben), De Sousa Zanotti Stagliorio Coelho, M. (Micheline), Guo, Y. L. (Yue Leon), Guo, Y. (Yuming), Honda, Y. (Yasushi), Huber, V. (Veronika), Kyselý, J. (Jan), Lavigne, E. (Eric), Royé, D. (Dominic), Ryti, N. (Niilo), Silva, S. (Susana), Urban, A. (Aleš), Gasparrini, A. (Antonio), Bresch, D. N. (David N.), Vicedo-Cabrera, A. M. (Ana M.), Lüthi, S. (Samuel), Fairless, C. (Christopher), Fischer, E. M. (Erich M.), Scovronick, N. (Noah), Armstrong, B. (Ben), De Sousa Zanotti Stagliorio Coelho, M. (Micheline), Guo, Y. L. (Yue Leon), Guo, Y. (Yuming), Honda, Y. (Yasushi), Huber, V. (Veronika), Kyselý, J. (Jan), Lavigne, E. (Eric), Royé, D. (Dominic), Ryti, N. (Niilo), Silva, S. (Susana), Urban, A. (Aleš), Gasparrini, A. (Antonio), Bresch, D. N. (David N.), and Vicedo-Cabrera, A. M. (Ana M.)

Abstract

Heat-related mortality has been identified as one of the key climate extremes posing a risk to human health. Current research focuses largely on how heat mortality increases with mean global temperature rise, but it is unclear how much climate change will increase the frequency and severity of extreme summer seasons with high impact on human health. In this probabilistic analysis, we combined empirical heat-mortality relationships for 748 locations from 47 countries with climate model large ensemble data to identify probable past and future highly impactful summer seasons. Across most locations, heat mortality counts of a 1-in-100 year season in the climate of 2000 would be expected once every ten to twenty years in the climate of 2020. These return periods are projected to further shorten under warming levels of 1.5 °C and 2 °C, where heat-mortality extremes of the past climate will eventually become commonplace if no adaptation occurs. Our findings highlight the urgent need for strong mitigation and adaptation to reduce impacts on human lives.

Published
2023

38. Optimal heat stress metric for modelling heat-related mortality varies from country to country

Author

Lo, Y.T.E., Mitchell, D.M., Buzan, J.R., Zscheischler, Jakob, Schneider, R., Mistry, M.N., Kyselý, J., Lavigne, É., Pereira da Silva, S., Royé, D., Urban, A., Armstrong, B., Gasparrini, A., Vicedo-Cabrera, A.M., Lo, Y.T.E., Mitchell, D.M., Buzan, J.R., Zscheischler, Jakob, Schneider, R., Mistry, M.N., Kyselý, J., Lavigne, É., Pereira da Silva, S., Royé, D., Urban, A., Armstrong, B., Gasparrini, A., and Vicedo-Cabrera, A.M.

Abstract

Combined heat and humidity is frequently described as the main driver of human heat-related mortality, more so than dry-bulb temperature alone. While based on physiological thinking, this assumption has not been robustly supported by epidemiological evidence. By performing the first systematic comparison of eight heat stress metrics (i.e., temperature combined with humidity and other climate variables) with warm-season mortality, in 604 locations over 39 countries, we find that the optimal metric for modelling mortality varies from country to country. Temperature metrics with no or little humidity modification associates best with mortality in ~40% of the studied countries. Apparent temperature (combined temperature, humidity and wind speed) dominates in another 40% of countries. There is no obvious climate grouping in these results. We recommend, where possible, that researchers use the optimal metric for each country. However, dry-bulb temperature performs similarly to humidity-based heat stress metrics in estimating heat-related mortality in present-day climate.

Published
2023

39. Solubility-consistent force field simulations for aqueous metal carbonate systems using graphical processing units

Author

Armstrong, B., Silvestri, A., Demichelis, Raffaella, Raiteri, Paolo, Gale, Julian, Armstrong, B., Silvestri, A., Demichelis, Raffaella, Raiteri, Paolo, and Gale, Julian

Abstract

Crystallization of alkaline earth metal carbonates from water is important for biomineralization and environmental geochemistry. Here, large-scale computer simulations are a useful approach to complement experimental studies by providing atomistic insights and even by quantitatively determining the thermodynamics of individual steps. However, this is dependent on the existence of force field models that are sufficiently accurate while being computationally efficient enough to sample complex systems. Here, we introduce a revised force field for aqueous alkaline earth metal carbonates that reproduces both the solubilities of the crystalline anhydrous minerals, as well as the hydration free energies of the ions. The model is also designed to run efficiently on graphical processing units thereby reducing the cost of such simulations. The performance of the revised force field is compared against previous results for important properties relevant to crystallization, including ion-pairing and mineral-water interfacial structure and dynamics. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'Supercomputing simulations of advanced materials'.

Published
2023

41. Review of Particle Physics

Author

Caso, C, Conforto, G, Gurtu, A, Aguilar-Benitez, M, Amsler, C, Barnett, RM, Burchat, PR, Carone, CD, Dahl, O, Doser, M, Eidelman, S, Feng, JL, Goodman, M, Grab, C, Groom, DE, Hagiwara, K, Hayes, KG, Hernandez, JJ, Hikasa, K, Honscheid, K, James, F, Mangano, ML, Manohar, AV, Monig, K, Murayama, H, Nakamura, K, Olive, KA, Piepke, A, Roos, M, Schindler, RH, Shrock, RE, Tanabashi, M, Tornqvist, NA, Trippe, TG, Vogel, P, Wohl, CG, Workman, RL, Yao, WM, Armstrong, B, Casas Serradilla, JL, Filimonov, BB, Gee, PS, Lugovsky, SB, Mankov, S, Nicholson, F, Babu, KS, Besson, D, Biebel, O, Cahn, RN, Crawford, RL, Dalitz, RH, Damour, T, Desler, K, Donahue, RJ, Edwards, DA, Erler, J, Ezhela, VV, Fasso, A, Fetscher, W, Froidevaux, D, Gaisser, TK, Garren, L, Geer, S, Gerber, HJ, Gilman, FJ, Haber, HE, Hagmann, C, Hinchliffe, I, Hogan, CJ, Hohler, G, Jackson, JD, Johnson, KF, Karlen, D, Kayser, B, Kleinknecht, K, Knowles, IG, Kolda, C, Kreitz, P, Langacker, P, Landua, R, Littenberg, L, Manley, DM, March-Russell, J, Nakada, T, Quinn, H, Raffelt, G, Renk, B, Ronan, MT, Rosenberg, LJ, Schmitt, M, Schramm, DN, Scott, D, Sjostrand, T, Smoot, GF, Spanier, S, Srednicki, M, Stanev, T, Suzuki, T, Tkachenko, NP, and Valencia, G

Subjects
Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Quantum Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics
Published
1998

42. Review of Particle Physics

Author

Barnett, RM, Carone, CD, Groom, DE, Trippe, TG, Wohl, CG, Armstrong, B, Gee, PS, Wagman, GS, James, F, Mangano, M, Mönig, K, Montanet, L, Feng, JL, Murayama, H, Hernández, JJ, Manohar, A, Aguilar-Benitez, M, Caso, C, Crawford, RL, Roos, M, Törnqvist, NA, Hayes, KG, Hagiwara, K, Nakamura, K, Tanabashi, M, Olive, K, Honscheid, K, Burchat, PR, Shrock, RE, Eidelman, S, Schindler, RH, Gurtu, A, Hikasa, K, Conforto, G, Workman, RL, Grab, C, and Amsler, C

Subjects
Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Quantum Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics
Abstract

This biennial review summarizes much of Particle Physics. Using data from previous editions, plus 1900 new measurements from 700 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We also summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as Higgs bosons, heavy neutrinos, and supersymmetric particles. All the particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We also give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as the Standard Model, particle detectors, probability, and statistics. A booklet is available containing the Summary Tables and abbreviated versions of some of the other sections of this full Review. © 1996 The American Physical Society.

Published
1996

43. PARTICLE PHYSICS SUMMARY A Digest of the 1996 Review of Particle Physics

Author

Barnett, RM, Carone, CD, Groom, DE, Trippe, TG, Wohl, CG, Armstrong, B, Gee, PS, Wagman, GS, James, F, Mangano, M, Mönig, K, Montanet, L, Feng, JL, Murayama, H, Hernández, JJ, Manohar, A, Aguilar-Benitez, M, Caso, C, Crawford, RL, Roos, M, Törnqvist, NA, Hayes, KG, Hagiwara, K, Nakamura, K, Tanabashi, M, Olive, K, Honscheid, K, Burchat, PR, Shrock, RE, Eidelman, S, Schindler, RH, Gurtu, A, Hikasa, K, Conforto, G, Workman, RL, Grab, C, and Amsler, C

Subjects
Physical Sciences, Fluids & Plasmas, Chemical sciences, Engineering, Physical sciences
Published
1996

44. Structure of SARS-CoV-2 Orf3a in plasma membrane-like environment, MSP1D1 nanodisc

Author

Miller, A.N., primary, Houlihan, P.R., additional, Matamala, E., additional, Cabezas-Bratesco, D., additional, Lee, G.Y., additional, Cristofori-Armstrong, B., additional, Dilan, T.L., additional, Sanchez-Martinez, S., additional, Matthies, D., additional, Yan, R., additional, Yu, Z., additional, Ren, D., additional, Brauchi, S.E., additional, and Clapham, D.E., additional

Published
2023
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45. Structure of SARS-CoV-1 Orf3a in late endosome/lysosome-like environment, MSP1D1 nanodisc

Author

Miller, A.N., primary, Houlihan, P.R., additional, Matamala, E., additional, Cabezas-Bratesco, D., additional, Lee, G.Y., additional, Cristofori-Armstrong, B., additional, Dilan, T.L., additional, Sanchez-Martinez, S., additional, Matthies, D., additional, Yan, R., additional, Yu, Z., additional, Ren, D., additional, Brauchi, S.E., additional, and Clapham, D.E., additional

Published
2023
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46. Structure of SARS-CoV-2 Orf3a in late endosome/lysosome-like environment, Saposin A nanodisc

Author

Miller, A.N., primary, Houlihan, P.R., additional, Matamala, E., additional, Cabezas-Bratesco, D., additional, Lee, G.Y., additional, Cristofori-Armstrong, B., additional, Dilan, T.L., additional, Sanchez-Martinez, S., additional, Matthies, D., additional, Yan, R., additional, Yu, Z., additional, Ren, D., additional, Brauchi, S.E., additional, and Clapham, D.E., additional

Published
2023
Full Text
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47. Structure of SARS-CoV-2 Orf3a in late endosome/lysosome-like membrane environment, MSP1D1 nanodisc

Author

Miller, A.N., primary, Houlihan, P.R., additional, Matamala, E., additional, Cabezas-Bratesco, D., additional, Lee, G.Y., additional, Cristofori-Armstrong, B., additional, Dilan, T.L., additional, Sanchez-Martinez, S., additional, Matthies, D., additional, Yan, R., additional, Yu, Z., additional, Ren, D., additional, Brauchi, S.E., additional, and Clapham, D.E., additional

Published
2023
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48. Integrating Assessment of Characterization, Sustainability and Efficiency for the Production of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): A Case Study in the Amazonas Region of Peru

Author

Zabarburú, Roberto Carlos Mori, primary, Millones, Carlos, additional, Guadalupe, Grobert A., additional, Idrogo-Vásquez, Guillermo, additional, Chu-Koo, Fred William, additional, Fernández-Jeri, Armstrong B., additional, Gill, Elizabeth, additional, Chavez, Segundo G., additional, and García, Ligia, additional

Published
2023
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50. OBTAINING BIOPOLYMERS FROM CO-PRODUCTS AND THEIR APPLICATION IN TOMATO (SOLANUM LYCOPERSICUM) PRESERVATION

Author

Carlos A. Culqui-Arce, Alfredo Vázquez-Ovando, Lucas D. Muñoz-Astecker, Diner Mori-Mestanza, Cruzalegui, Robert J, Guillermo Idrogo-Vasquez, Efrain M. Castro-Alayo, César R. Balcázar-Zumaeta, Armstrong B. Fernández-Jeri, and Erick A. Auquiñivin-Silva

Abstract

The research objective was to obtain co-products from the agroindustry to elaborate edible coatings based on biopolymers (7 treatments, combining starch, pectin, whey and cinnamon essential oil) and to evaluate their effect on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) preservation. Vitamin C content, pH, respiration rate, total soluble solids (TSS) content, weight loss, titratable acidity (TA) and firmness were evaluated. Tomatoes were evaluated every 72 h for 18 days. TA, TSS and pH showed slight differences for some sampling days. Still, at the end of the study, no significant differences were found between treatments (p>0.05), all values being suitable for tomato consumption. The highest respiration rate was found at 9 days, corresponding to the climacteric peak. Uncoated tomatoes had the highest respiration rate. The coating positively affected weight loss and firmness of the tomatoes, and did not modify the ascorbic acid content. It is concluded that treatment 7 (starch and essential oil) and treatment 4 (starch, pectin and whey) had a greater effect and better preservation on tomato characteristics.

Published
2023
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