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Background Postanesthesia Care Unit (PACU) is an environment associated with an important workload which is susceptible to lead to task interruption (TI), leading to task-switching or concurrent multitasking. The objective of the study was to determine the predictors of the reaction of the nurses facing TI and assess those who lead to an alteration of the initial task. Methods We conducted a prospective observational study into the PACU of a university hospital during February 2017. Among 18 nurses, a selected one was observed each day, documenting for each TI the reaction of the nurse (task switching or concurrent multitasking), and the characteristics associated with the TI. We performed classification tree analyses using C5.0 algorithm in order to select the main predictors of the type of multitasking performed and the alteration of the initial task. Results We observed 1119 TI during 132 hours (8.5 TI/hour). The main reaction was concurrent multitasking (805 TI, 72%). The short duration of the task interruption (one minute or less) was the most important predictor leading to concurrent multitasking. Other predictors of response to TI were the identity of the task interrupter and the number of nurses present. Regarding the consequences of the task switching, long interruption (more than five minutes) was the most important predictor of the alteration of the initial task. Conclusions By analysing the predictors of the type of multitasking in front of TI, we propose a novel approach to understanding TI, offering new perspective for prevention strategies.

To compare the occurrence of healthcare-associated infections acquired in intensive care units (HAI-ICUs) in France among patients with COVID-19 and those without it in 2020 and the latter with that in patients before the COVID-19 pandemic.Multicentre HAI-ICU surveillance network (REA-REZO) data were used to identify 3 groups: 2019 patients (2019Control), a COVID-19 group (2020Cov), and a non-COVID-19 group (2020NonCov). The primary outcome was the occurrence of HAI-ICU (ventilator-associated pneumonia [VAP], bloodstream infections [BSIs], catheter-related bacteraemia). Standardized infection ratios of VAP were calculated for each quarter in 2020 and compared with those in 2019.A total of 30 105 patients were included in 2020: 23 798 in the 2020NonCov group, 4465 in 2020Cov group, and 39 635 patients in the 2019Control group. The frequency of VAP was strikingly greater in the 2020Cov group: 35.6 (33.4-37.8) episodes/1000 days of mechanical ventilation versus 18.4 (17.6-19.2) in the 2020NonCov group. VAP standardized infection ratio was high in 2020 patients, particularly during the 2 quarters corresponding to the 2 waves. BSI/1000 days were more frequent in the 2020Cov group (6.4% [6.4-6.4%] vs. 3.9% [3.8-3.9%] in the 2020NonCov group). VAP and BSI were also more frequent in the 2020NonCov group than in the 2019Control group. The microbial epidemiology was only slightly different.The data presented here indicate that HAI-ICUs were more frequent during the COVID-19 period, whether the patients were admitted for COVID-19 or, to a lesser extent, for another cause. This implies that managing patients with severe disease in a pandemic context carries risks for all patients.

Intra-abdominal candidiasis (IAC) is frequent and associated with high mortality in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Antifungal treatments may be overused due to a lack of diagnostic tools to rule out IAC. Serum 1,3-beta-d-glucan (BDG) concentrations are used to diagnose Candida infections, its concentration in peritoneal fluid (PF) may help to confirm or invalidate the diagnosis of IAC. We performed a non-interventional, prospective, multicenter study at the Hospices Civils de Lyon, France, in seven ICUs located in three different hospitals from December 2017 to June 2018. IAC was defined as the isolation of Candida in a sample collected from the intra-abdominal cavity under sterile conditions in patients displaying clinical evidence of intra-abdominal infection (IAI). Among the 113 included patients, 135 PF samples corresponding to 135 IAI episodes were collected and BDG concentrations were assessed. IAC accounted for 28 (20.7%) of the IAIs. Antifungals were administered empirically to 70 (61.9%) patients; among them, 23 (32.9%) had an IAC. The median [interquartile range] BDG value was significantly higher in IAC (8100 [3000; 15 000] pg/ml) than in non-IAC samples (1961 [332; 10 650] pg/ml). BDG concentrations were higher in PF with Fecaloid aspect and in case of positive bacterial culture. For a BDG threshold of 125 pg/ml, the negative predictive value to assess IAC was 100%. In conclusion, low BDG-PF concentrations could be used to rule out IAC. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03469401

Purpose Our objective was to estimate the impact of the absence of Out-of-Bed (OoB) mobilization during intensive care unit (ICU) stay among patients ≥70 years on their long-term autonomy. Methods We conducted an ancillary study of the multicenter FRAGIREA study, including patients aged over 70 years, admitted to ICU for more than 48 h. We excluded the patients who died before day 180, who were lost to follow-up, and for whom the baseline autonomy (ADL) score was not available. Patients were classified into the OoB or non-OoB-mobilization group, and the impact of OoB mobilization on the decreased 6-month autonomy was estimated. Results Among the 548 patients of the FRAGIREA cohort, 276 were included in the present study. Among them, 226 had OoB mobilization and 50 did not. 220/276 (80%) patients experienced the transfer to chair as rehabilitation therapy, passive mobilization and transfer to upright sitting were also frequently performed. A decrease in the 6-month autonomy was observed for 63 (23%) patients. After the elimination of potential confounders, non-OoB-mobilization patients had a greater risk of 6-month decreased autonomy (aOR 2.43 [1.18; 4.98]). Conclusions Mobilization during the ICU stay of elderly ICU patient survivors was associated with a lower decreased autonomy at 6 months.

SARS-Cov-2 (COVID-19) has become a major worldwide health concern since its appearance in China at the end of 2019.To evaluate the intrinsic mortality and burden of COVID-19 and seasonal influenza pneumonia in ICUs in the city of Lyon, France.A retrospective study.Six ICUs in a single institution in Lyon, France.Consecutive patients admitted to an ICU with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia from 27 February to 4 April 2020 (COVID-19 group) and seasonal influenza pneumonia from 1 November 2015 to 30 April 2019 (influenza group). A total of 350 patients were included in the COVID-19 group (18 refused to consent) and 325 in the influenza group (one refused to consent). Diagnosis was confirmed by RT-PCR. Follow-up was completed on 1 April 2021.Differences in 90-day adjusted-mortality between the COVID-19 and influenza groups were evaluated using a multivariable Cox proportional hazards model.COVID-19 patients were younger, mostly men and had a higher median BMI, and comorbidities, including immunosuppressive condition or respiratory history were less frequent. In univariate analysis, no significant differences were observed between the two groups regarding in-ICU mortality, 30, 60 and 90-day mortality. After Cox modelling adjusted on age, sex, BMI, cancer, sepsis-related organ failure assessment (SOFA) score, simplified acute physiology score SAPS II score, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and myocardial infarction, the probability of death associated with COVID-19 was significantly higher in comparison to seasonal influenza [hazard ratio 1.57, 95% CI (1.14 to 2.17); P = 0.006]. The clinical course and morbidity profile of both groups was markedly different; COVID-19 patients had less severe illness at admission (SAPS II score, 37 [28 to 48] vs. 48 [39 to 61], P 0.001 and SOFA score, 4 [2 to 8] vs. 8 [5 to 11], P 0.001), but the disease was more severe considering ICU length of stay, duration of mechanical ventilation, PEEP level and prone positioning requirement.After ICU admission, COVID-19 was associated with an increased risk of death compared with seasonal influenza. Patient characteristics, clinical course and morbidity profile of these diseases is markedly different.

It has been suggested to define the Trauma-induced coagulopathy (TIC) with a PTRetrospective analysis of prospectively collected data of 1076 severely injured patients admitted from 01/2011 to 12/2019 in a university hospital. To determine the number of TIC categories and the best PTThree thresholds were, respectively, identified for PTIn this study, we have described a pragmatic classification of coagulopathy utilizing PT

Purpose Antibiotics are frequently used in patients receiving intermittent or continuous renal replacement therapy (RRT). RRT may alter the pharmacokinetics (PK), as well as the ability to achieve PK/pharmacodynamic (PD) targets. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) could help evaluatedrug exposure and guide antibiotic dosage adjustment. The present review describes recent TDM data on antibiotic exposure and PK/PD target attainment in patients receiving intermittent or continuous RRT, proposing practical guidelines for performing TDM. Methods Studies on antibiotic TDM performed in patients receiving intermittent or continuous RRT published between 2000 and 2020 were searched and assessed. The authors focused on studies that reported data on PK/PD target attainment. TDM recommendations were based on clinically relevant PK/PD relationships and previously published guidelines. Results In total, 2383 reports were retrieved. After excluding non-relevant publications, 139 articles were selected. Overall, 107 studies reported PK/PD target attainment for 24 agents. Data were available for various intermittent and continuous RRT techniques. The study design, TDM practice, and definition of PK/PD targets were inconsistent across studies. Drug exposure and target attainment rates were highly variable. TDM appears necessary to control drug exposure in patients receiving intermittent and continuous RRT techniques, especially for antibiotics with narrow therapeutic margins and in critically ill patients. Practical recommendations can provide insights on relevant PK/PD targets, sampling, and timing of TDM for various antibiotic classes. Conclusion Highly variable antibiotic exposure and target attainment have been reported in patients receiving intermittent or continuous RRT. TDM for aminoglycosides, beta-lactams, glycopeptides, linezolid, and colistin is recommended in patients receiving RRT and suggested for daptomycin, fluoroquinolones, and tigecycline in critically ill patients on RRT.

We describe a March 2020 co-occurrence of Legionnaires' disease (LD) and coronavirus disease in France. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 co-infections were identified in 7 of 49 patients from LD case notifications. Most were elderly men with underlying conditions who had contracted severe pneumonia, illustrating the relevance of co-infection screening.

Serious adverse events, such as wrong-side, wrong-organ, wrong-procedure, or wrong-person errors, still occur despite the implementation of preventative measures. In France, we describe the claims related to such errors based on the database from one of the main insurance companies.A retrospective analysis of claims declared between January 2007 and December 2017 to Relyens, a medical liability insurance company (Sham), was performed. Their database was queried using the following keywords: "wrong side," "wrong organ," and "wrong person."We collected 219 claims (0.4% of the total claims). The main specialties involved were orthopedics (34% of cases), neurosurgery (14%), and dentistry (14%). The claims were related to wrong organ (44%), side (39%), identity (13%), or procedure (4%). Juridical entity involved were mainly public facility (69%), followed by private facility (19%) or private physician (10%). The mean number of annual claims made has decreased of 20% since the mandatory implementation of the checklist in 2010 (22 versus 17.5 events per year). The main risk factors identified according to the ALARM protocol were factor related to the team (87%) or to the task to accomplish (78%). A direct causal factor was involved in 20% of the files, the main one being the organization (43%) closely related to the medical file (36%). The settlement was performed by conciliation in 69% of the claim and in court in 30%. The compensation was higher during a court settlement.Wrong-side, wrong-organ, wrong-procedure, or wrong-person surgical errors are rare but fully preventable by the implementation of a safety culture.

CAR-T cells are modified T cells expressing a chimeric antigen receptor targeting a specific antigen. They have revolutionized the treatment of B cell malignancies (aggressive lymphomas, B-ALL), and this has raised hopes for application in many other pathologies (myeloma, AML, solid tumors, etc.). However, these therapies are associated with novel and specific toxicities (cytokine release syndrome and neurotoxicity). These complications, although mostly managed in a conventional hospitalization unit, can sometimes be life threatening, leading to admission of patients to the intensive care unit. Management relies mainly on anti-IL6R (tocilizumab) and corticosteroids. However, the optimal treatment regimen is still a matter of debate, and the management of the most severe forms is even less well codified. In addition to CRS and ICANS, infections, cytopenia and hypogammaglobulinemia are other frequent complications. This article reviews the mechanisms, risk factors, clinical presentation, and management of these toxicities.

Summary A survey was undertaken to evaluate the level of computerization in intensive care units (ICUs) within a French network dedicated to the surveillance of healthcare-associated infections, antimicrobial use (AMU) and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in ICUs (REA-REZO). Ninety-eight ICUs responded, and patient records were computerized in 57%, antimicrobial prescriptions were computerized in 59% and AMR epidemiology was computerized in 72%. AMU and AMR feedback was provided to the ICU itself for 77% and 65% of ICUs, respectively, and feedback was provided to the national surveillance for 79% and 65% of ICUs, respectively. This study suggests that the level of computerization in ICUs requires further improvement.

Septic thrombophlebitis requires both adapted antimicrobial therapy and control of the source of the infection. The source of the infection is generally controlled through adequate management of anticoagulation. In this study, we present the case of a 50 years old woman, with septic thrombophlebitis of a peripherally inserted central catheters line and with persistent bacteremia and thrombus, where in situ thrombolysis has successfully removed the thrombus.

BACKGROUND For more than 20 years, hip fracture 1-year mortality has remained around 20%. An elevation of the postoperative troponin peak within 72 hours (myocardial injury after noncardiac surgery [MINS]) is associated with a greater risk of short-term mortality in the general population. However, there seem to be conflicting results in the specific population who undergo hip fracture surgery, with some studies finding an association between troponin and mortality and some not. The objective of the present study was to investigate the association of MINS and the short- (before 28th day), intermediate- (before 180th day), and long-term (before 365th day) mortality after hip fracture surgery. METHODS We conducted a single-center retrospective cohort of patients undergoing hip fracture surgery from November 2013 to December 2015. MINS was defined as postoperative troponin peak within the 72 hours >5 ng/L. Four MINS subgroups were defined according to the value of troponin peak (ie, ≥5

Resume La telemedecine est en plein essor dans tous les domaines medicaux. En plus d’etre l’une des priorites de l’OMS afin de repondre aux problemes des couts et de l’accessibilite a des soins de qualite, que ce soit dans les pays developpes ou en voie de developpement, la crise sanitaire recente liee au COVID-19 a montre qu’elle pouvait etre un atout certain pour la permanence des soins en situation de crise. Si la telemedecine en anesthesie se developpe pour l’ensemble de la prise en charge peri-operatoire des patients, cette mise au point vise a presenter les donnees recentes de la litterature concernant la place de la telemedecine en anesthesie pour l’evaluation pre-operatoire. Quatre points principaux sont abordes : (1) l’eligibilite et la faisabilite de la teleconsultation d’anesthesie; (2) son efficacite en terme de temps passe en consultation d’anesthesie, taux d’annulation d’intervention et concordance de l’examen physique; (3) la satisfaction des patients, et enfin; (4) son potentiel impact economique.

To the Editor: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a lesser-known complication of hip fracture that may come about owing to decreased kidney perfusion and heightened inflammation from trauma, pain, bleeding, and fasting. Approximately 15%-20% of patients undergoing surgery for a hip fracture develop AKI, with 0.5%-1.8% receiving dialysis. [...]

Objective To compare old patients hospitalized in ICU for respiratory distress due to COVID-19 with old patients hospitalized in ICU for a non-COVID-19-related reason in terms of autonomy and quality of life. Design Comparison of two prospective multi-centric studies. Setting This study was based on two prospective multi-centric studies, the Senior-COVID-Rea cohort (COVID-19-diagnosed ICU-admitted patients aged over 60) and the FRAGIREA cohort (ICU-admitted patients aged over 70). Patients We included herein the patients from both cohorts who had been evaluated at day 180 after admission (ADL score and quality of life). Interventions None. Measurements and main results A total of 93 COVID-19 patients and 185 control-ICU patients were included. Both groups were not balanced on age, body mass index, mechanical ventilation, length of ICU stay, and ADL and SAPS II scores. We modeled with ordered logistic regression the influence of COVID-19 on the quality of life and the ADL score. After adjustment on these factors, we observed COVID-19 patients were less likely to have a loss of usual activities (aOR [95% CI] 0.47 [0.23; 0.94]), a loss of mobility (aOR [95% CI] 0.30 [0.14; 0.63]), and a loss of ADL score (aOR [95% CI] 0.30 [0.14; 0.63]). On day 180, 52 (56%) COVID-19 patients presented signs of dyspnea, 37 (40%) still used analgesics, 17 (18%) used anxiolytics, and 14 (13%) used antidepressant. Conclusions COVID-19-related ICU stay was not associated with a lower quality of life or lower autonomy compared to non-COVID-19-related ICU stay.

OBJECTIVES: Little is known about the epidemiology of ventilator-acquired pneumonia among coronavirus disease 2019 patients such as incidence or etiological agents. Some studies suggest a higher risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia in this specific population. DESIGN: Cohort exposed/nonexposed study among the REA-REZO surveillance network. SETTING: Multicentric; ICUs in France. PATIENTS: The coronavirus disease 2019 patients at admission were matched on the age, sex, center of inclusion, presence of antimicrobial therapy at admission, patient provenance, time from ICU admission to mechanical ventilation, and Simplified Acute Physiology Score II at admission to the patients included between 2016 and 2019 within the same surveillance network (1:1). INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The overall incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia, the cumulative incidence, and hazard rate of the first and the second ventilator-associated pneumonia were estimated. In addition, the ventilator-associated pneumonia microbiological ecology and specific resistant pattern in coronavirus disease 2019 exposed and nonexposed patients were compared. Medication data were not collected. A total of 1,879 patients were included in each group. The overall incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia was higher among coronavirus disease 2019 exposed patients (25.5; 95% CI [23.7-27.45] vs 15.4; 95% CI [13.7-17.3] ventilator-associated pneumonia per 1,000 ventilation days). The cumulative incidence was higher for the first and the second ventilator-associated pneumonia among the coronavirus disease 2019 exposed patients (respective Gray test p < 0.0001 and 0.0167). The microbiological ecology and resistance were comparable between groups with a predominance of Enterobacterales and nonfermenting Gram-negative bacteria. The documented resistance pattern was similar between groups, except for a lower rate of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the coronavirus disease 2019 exposed patient (6% vs 23%; p = 0.013). CONCLUSIONS: There was a higher incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia occurring among coronavirus disease 2019 patient compared with the general ICU population, with a similar microbiological ecology and resistance pattern.

BackgroundThe prevalence of venous thromboembolic event (VTE) and arterial thromboembolic event (ATE) thromboembolic events in patients with COVID-19 remains largely unknown.MethodsIn this meta-analysis, we systematically searched for observational studies describing the prevalence of VTE and ATE in COVID-19 up to 30 September 2020.ResultsWe analysed findings from 102 studies (64 503 patients). The frequency of COVID-19-related VTE was 14.7% (95% CI 12.1% to 17.6%, I2=94%; 56 studies; 16 507 patients). The overall prevalence rates of pulmonary embolism (PE) and leg deep vein thrombosis were 7.8% (95% CI 6.2% to 9.4%, I2=94%; 66 studies; 23 117 patients) and 11.2% (95% CI 8.4% to 14.3%, I2=95%; 48 studies; 13 824 patients), respectively. Few were isolated subsegmental PE. The VTE prevalence was significantly higher in intensive care unit (ICU) (23.2%, 95% CI 17.5% to 29.6%, I2=92%, vs 9.0%, 95% CI 6.9% to 11.4%, I2=95%; pinteractioninteraction=0.04). The frequency rates of overall ATE, acute coronary syndrome, stroke and other ATE were 3.9% (95% CI 2.0% to to 3.0%, I2=96%; 16 studies; 7939 patients), 1.6% (95% CI 1.0% to 2.2%, I2=93%; 27 studies; 40 597 patients) and 0.9% (95% CI 0.5% to 1.5%, I2=84%; 17 studies; 20 139 patients), respectively. Metaregression and subgroup analyses failed to explain heterogeneity of overall ATE. High heterogeneity limited the value of estimates.ConclusionsPatients admitted in the ICU for severe COVID-19 had a high risk of VTE. Conversely, further studies are needed to determine the specific effects of COVID-19 on the risk of ATE or VTE in less severe forms of the disease.

Background: The intensive care unit (ICU) stay is associated with a loss of autonomy, especially for elderly patients. We therefore conducted a study to estimate the impact of the rehabilitation performed during the ICU stay on the loss of autonomy at 6 months. Methods: We conducted an ancillary study of the multicenter FRAGIREA study, including patients between April 2018 and January 2019 aged over 70 years, admitted in ICU for an expected length of stay of more than 48 hours. We excluded the patients who died before day 180, who were lost to follow-up, and for whom the baseline autonomy (ADL) score was not available. We collected the baseline characteristics of patients, the ICU stay characteristics, and the 6-month follow-up. Were also collected the detailed rehabilitation therapy carried out during the ICU stay (passive mobilization, upright sitting, transfer to chair, standing, walking, and cycle ergometers.). Patients were classified into the rehabilitation (out of bed) or non-rehabilitation group, and the impact of rehabilitation on the decreased 6-month autonomy (loss of ADL score >1 point) was estimated after the selection of 17 potential confounders. Results: Among the 548 patients of the FRAGIREA cohort, 276 were included in the present study. Among them, 226 were rehabilitated and 50 were not. 220/276 (80%) patients benefited from the transfer to chair as rehabilitation therapy, passive mobilization and transfer to upright sitting were also frequently performed. A decrease in the 6-month autonomy was observed for 63 (23%) patients. After the elimination of potential confounders, non-rehabilitated patients had a greater risk of 6-month decreased autonomy (adjusted Odds Ratio 2.43, 95% confidence interval [1.18; 4.98]). Conclusions: Rehabilitation during the ICU stay of elderly ICU patient survivors was associated with a lower decreased autonomy at 6 months. Tweet: The absence of rehabilitation during the ICU stay of elderly patients is associated with 2.4 higher risk of a decreased 6 month autonomy

International audience; INTRODUCTION: With the spread of COVID-19 epidemic, health plans must be adapted continuously. There is an urgent need to define the best care courses of patients with COVID-19, especially in intensive care units (ICUs), according to their individualised benefit/risk ratio. Since older age is associated with poorer short-term and long-term outcomes, prediction models are needed, that may assist clinicians in their ICU admission decision. Senior-COVID-Rea was designed to evaluate, in patients over 60 years old admitted in ICU for severe COVID-19 disease, the impact of age and geriatric and paraclinical parameters on their mortality 30 days after ICU admission. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This is a multicentre survey protocol to be conducted in seven hospitals of the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region, France. All patients over 60 years old admitted in ICU for severe COVID-19 infection (or their legally acceptable representative) will be proposed to enter the study and to fill in a questionnaire regarding their functional and nutritional parameters 1 month before COVID-19 infection. Paraclinical parameters at ICU admission will be collected: lymphocytes and neutrophils counts, high-fluorescent lymphoid cells and immature granulocytes percentages (Sysmex data), D-dimers, C-reactive protein, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatinine, CT scan for lung extension rate as well as clinical resuscitation scores, and the delay between the first signs of infection and ICU admission. The primary outcome will be the overall survival at day 30 post-ICU admission. The analysis of factors predicting mortality at day 30 will be carried out using univariate and multivariate logistic regressions. Multivariate logistic regression will consider up to 15 factors.The ambition of this trial, which takes into account the different approaches of geriatric vulnerability, is to define the respective abilities of different operational criteria of frailty to predict patients' outcomes. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The study protocol was ethically approved. The results of the primary and secondary objectives will be published in peer-reviewed journals. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT04422340.

Increased preoperative delay in patients with hip fractures may be responsible for increased morbidity and mortality. We hypothesized that a strategy of reversal of vitamin K antagonist (VKA) by prothrombin complexes concentrates (PCCs), as compared to vitamin K, is safe and reduces preoperative delay and hospital length of stay (LOS).In this pilot study, we reviewed the records of patients admitted to a university-affiliated hospital for hip fracture between Jan. 1, 2012, and Dec. 31, 2016, who were taking VKA. Patients were stratified according to reversal strategy (vitamin K v. PCC). Adverse effects, time to surgery, LOS and mortality were collected from the electronic medical record and were compared between the 2 study groups and a control group not treated with VKA.A total of 141 patients were included in the study: 65 in the vitamin K group, 26 in the PCC group and 50 in the control group. The median preoperative delay in the PCC group (20 h [interquartile range (IQR)] 13-25 h]) and the control group (20 h [IQR 15-33 h]) was lower than that in the vitamin K group (45 h [IQR 31-52 h]) (p0.001). Patients in the PCC group had a shorter median hospital LOS than those in the vitamin K group (6 d [IQR 4-9 d] v. 8 d [IQR 6-11 d], p0.05). No difference was observed in the proportion of patients who received a red blood cell transfusion, or had thrombotic or hemorrhagic complications. No difference in mortality at 12 months was observed between the groups.In patients with hip fracture, the use of PCCs as compared to vitamin K to reverse the effect of VKA significantly reduced preoperative delay and hospital LOS, and was not associated with an increase in the rates of thrombotic or hemorrhagic complications. Prospective studies involving a greater number of patients are required to confirm these promising results.L’allongement du délai préopératoire chez les patients atteints d’une fracture de la hanche pourrait expliquer l’augmentation de la morbidité et de la mortalité. Selon notre hypothèse, une stratégie d’inversion des antagonistes de la vitamine K (AVK) au moyen de concentrés de complexes prothrombiques (CCP), plutôt que de vitamine K, est sécuritaire et réduit le délai préopératoire et la durée du séjour hospitalier.Pendant cette étude pilote, nous avons passé en revue les dossiers de patients sous AVK admis dans un centre universitaire pour fracture de la hanche entre le 1er janvier 2012 et le 31 décembre 2016. Les patients ont été stratifiés selon la stratégie d’inversion choisie (vitamine K c. CCP). Les effets indésirables, le délai préopératoire, la durée du séjour hospitalier et la mortalité ont été recueillis à partir des dossiers médicaux électroniques et ont été comparés entre les 2 groupes de l’étude et un groupe témoin non sous AVK.En tout, 141 patients ont été inclus dans l’étude, 65 dans le groupe sous vitamine K, 26 dans le groupe sous CCP et 50 dans le groupe témoin. Le délai préopératoire médian pour le groupe sous CCP (20 h [éventail interquartile (ÉIQ)] 13–25 h]) et le groupe témoin (20 h [ÉIQ 15–33 h]) a été plus bref que pour le groupe sous vitamine K (45 h [ÉIQ 31–52 h]) (p0,001). Les patients du groupe sous CCP ont eu un séjour hospitalier médian plus bref que les patients du groupe sous vitamine K (6 j [ÉIQ 4–9 j] c. 8 j [ÉIQ 6–11 j]) (p0,05). Aucune différence n'a été observée quant à la proportion de patients ayant reçu une transfusion de culot globulaire ou ayant manifesté des complications thrombotiques ou hémorragiques. Aucune différence quant à la mortalité à 12 mois n'a été observée entre les groupes.Chez les patients atteints d’une fracture de la hanche, l’utilisation des CCP plutôt que de la vitamine K pour inverser l’effet des AVK a significativement abrégé le délai préopératoire et la durée du séjour hospitalier, et n’a pas été associée à une augmentation des taux de complications thrombotiques ou hémorragiques. Des études prospectives sur un plus grand nombre de patients sont nécessaires pour confirmer ces résultats prometteurs.

Amikacin is still a recommended option in emergency surgery. Current guidelines have suggested an amikacin dose of 15-20 mg/kg/24 h for intra-abdominal infections (IAI). Our objectives were to analyse amikacin pharmacokinetics (PK) and dosage requirements in patients who underwent emergency surgery, and to identify an optimal dosing approach. We performed a retrospective data analysis of patients who received amikacin for emergency surgery over 2.5 years, with measurement of both peak (C

Objective We hypothesised that the association of tranexamic acid (TXA) administration and thromboelastometry-guided haemostatic therapy (TGHT) with implementation of Damage Control Resuscitation (DCR) reduced blood products (BP) use and massive transfusion (MT). Methods Retrospective comparison of 2 cohorts of trauma patients admitted in a university hospital, before (Period 1) and after implementation of DCR, TXA (first 3-hours) and TGHT (Period 2). Patients were included if they received at least 1 BP (RBC, FFP or platelet) or coagulation factor concentrates (fibrinogen or prothrombin complex) during the first 24-hours following the admission. Results 380 patients were included. Patients in Period 2 (n = 182) received less frequently a MT (8% vs. 33%, P Conclusion Following the implementation of a bundle of care including DCR, TGHT and administration of TXA, we observed a decrease to the use of blood products, need for MT and an improvement of survival.

Resume Les rares situations de « cannot intubate cannot ventilate » necessitent un acces tracheal rapide afin de maintenir une oxygenation, associe ou non a des strategies de ventilation. Cette faible frequence de survenue explique le peu d’experience des praticiens en anesthesie-reanimation a la realisation des techniques de sauvetage. Les mises en situation lors de seances de simulation sur mannequin pourraient pallier cette inexperience. Cependant, la capacite de formation en simulation en France est limitee, pour des raisons d’accessibilite et de cout. Nous vous presentons ici les differentes etapes de realisation d’un simulateur tracheal in situ avec des materiaux exclusivement du bloc operatoire.