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Our overarching goal in this paper was to both test and identify applications for a fundamental theorem of replacement-level populations known as the Stationary Population Identity (SPI), a mathematical model that equates the fraction of a population age x and the fraction with x years to live. Since true stationarity is virtually non-existent in human populations as well as in populations of non-human species, we used historical data on the memberships in both chambers of the U.S. Congress as population proxies. We conceived their fixed numbers (e.g., 100 Senators; 435 Representatives) as stationary populations, and their years served and years remaining as the equivalent of life lived and life remaining. Our main result was the affirmation of the mathematical prediction-i.e., the robust symmetry of years served and years remaining in Congress over the approximately 230 years of its existence (1789-2022). A number of applications emerged from this regularity and the distributional patterns therein including (1) new metrics such as Congressional half-life and other quantiles (e.g., 95% turnover); (2) predictability of the distribution of members years remaining; (3) the extraordinary information content of a single number-the mean number of years served [i.e., derive birth (b) and death (d) rates; use of d as exponential rate parameter for model life tables]; (4) the concept of and metrics associated with period-specific populations (Congress); (5) Congressional life cycle concept with Formation, Growth, Senescence and Extinction Phases; and (6) longitudinal party transition rates for 100% Life Cycle turnover (Democrat/Republican) i.e., each seat from predecessor party-to-incumbent party and from incumbent party-to-successor party. Although our focus is on the use of historical data for Congressional members, we believe that most of the results are general and thus both relevant and applicable to most types of stationary or quasi-stationary populations including to the future world of zero population growth (ZPG).

Crocidura Wagler, 1832 is a widespread genus with high micro-endemism. Unfortunately, its Javan species lacks adequate information on its geographic distribution. Here, we present the first record of Crocidura umbra Demos, Achmadi, Handika, Maharadatunkamsi, Rowe & Esselstyn, 2016 from Mount Papandayan, which was previously thought to be endemic to Mount Gede, expand the geographic range of Crocidura orientalis Jentink, 1890 on Mount Papandayan and Crocidura monticola Peters, 1870 on Mount Sawal, and rediscover Crocidura brunnea Jentink, 1888 in Javan lowland forest. The new data provide important information to better understand this inadequately studied genus of small mammal on Java.

Given the growing significance of the capital market, investors tend to steer clear of stock price crashes. This study aims to examine how idiosyncratic risk affects the likelihood of a stock price crash and how discretionary income smoothing affects the relationship between them. This study uses a data panel to empirically examine the hypothesis. This study uses a data panel to empirically examine the hypothesis, using 1,203 firm-year observations from non-financial companies publicly traded on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2019 to 2021. The results show that firms with greater idiosyncratic risk do not significantly generate higher stock price crash risk. Nevertheless, this study also discovered that managing discretionary income smoothing is essential to increasing the risk of crashes. The test shows that the coefficient of discretionary income smoothing is 0.153 and significant with a t-value of 2.104. Moreover, the investigations also indicate that greater use of discretionary income smoothing can amplify the impact of idiosyncratic risk on the likelihood of stock price crashes. This is shown from the results where the moderation of the two variables has a positive coefficient of 0.087 and is significant at 10% with a t-value of 1.446. Based on the findings, this study concludes that the presence of idiosyncratic risk by itself may not substantially impact the probability of stock market crashes. However, combined with discretionary income smoothing, it can worsen the potential negative consequences. It implies that how a firm reports its income can affect its susceptibility to stock price crashes.

Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are crucial in economic growth and industrial diversification. Despite their importance, SMEs encounter challenges of intense competition, global market penetration, and rapid technological advancements. This study explores the factors affecting SME performance, focusing on entrepreneurial competence, leadership, and intention. A survey was conducted involving 400 SME respondents in East Java, Indonesia. The data were analyzed using a quantitative approach and the PLS-SEM method. The findings indicate that entrepreneurial competence and intention significantly influence entrepreneurial resilience and SME performance. Specifically, entrepreneurial competence has a path coefficient of 0.348 on entrepreneurial resilience and 0.567 on SME performance, both significant with p-value < 0.05. Entrepreneurial intention has a path coefficient of 0.649 on entrepreneurial resilience and –0.722 on SME performance, both significant with p-value < 0.05. These results highlight the necessity of enhancing entrepreneurial competencies and intentions to boost SMEs’ resilience and performance. Entrepreneurs and policymakers should focus on training and development programs to reinforce these competencies and intentions, thereby promoting an environment that supports innovation and prudent risk-taking.

Abstract Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disorder and its rising global incidence highlights the need for the identification of modifiable risk factors. In a gene-based burden test of rare variants (8647 PD cases and 777,693 controls) we discovered a novel association between loss-of-function variants in ITSN1 and PD. This association was further supported with burden data from the Neurodegenerative Disease Knowledge Portal and the Accelerating Medicines Partnership Parkinson’s Disease Knowledge Platform. Our findings show that Rho GTPases and disruptions in synaptic vesicle transport may be involved in the pathogenesis of PD, pointing to the possibility of novel therapeutic approaches.

Allosteric regulation plays a crucial role in modulating protein functions and represents a promising strategy in drug development, offering enhanced specificity and reduced toxicity compared to traditional active site inhibition. Existing computational methods for predicting allosteric sites on proteins often rely on static protein surface pocket features, normal mode analysis or extensive molecular dynamics simulations encompassing both the protein function modulator and the protein itself. In this study, we introduce an innovative methodology that employs a per amino acid residue classifier to distinguish allosteric site-forming residues (AFRs) from non-allosteric, or free residues (FRs). Our model, STINGAllo, exhibits robust performance, achieving Distance Center Center (DCC) success rate when all AFRs were predicted within pockets identified by FPocket, overall DCC, F1 score and a Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC) of 78 %, 60 %, 64 % and 64 % respectively. Furthermore, we identified key descriptors that characterize the internal protein nanoenvironment of AFRs, setting them apart from FRs. These descriptors include the sponge effect, distance to the protein centre of geometry (cg), hydrophobic interactions, electrostatic potentials, eccentricity, and graph bottleneck features.

Abstract Background: Warming up is an activity carried out before exercise or competition to optimize performance. Dynamic stretching is a type of stretching that is applied as a part of warming up. Previous study showed that dynamic stretching had an acute effect on functional performance in athletes. But, acute effects on functional performance in non athletes have not been studied yet. Aim: To prove that the addition of dynamic stretching during warming up has an acute effect on functional performance. Material and Methods: This study uses an experimental method of randomized controlled trial post test design on 44 physically active young adults in non athlete level who were divided into two research groups. The intervention group completed 5 minute jogging and dynamic stretching whereas the control group completed 5 minute jogging without stretching then each group performed a modified 20-m sprint run test and triple hop for distance test. Result: There is no statistical significant difference in comparison between groups. On speed showed that p values = 0.845 (p> 0.05) and on power showed that p values = 0.366 (p>0.05). Conclusion: Addition of dynamic stretching during warming up has not been proven to have a better acute effect on speed and power in non-athlete young adults. Keywords: Dynamic Stretching, Functional Performance, Warming Up

The work of stone breakers involves heavy and repetitive physical activity, which can increase the risk of injuries and health problems, one of which is work fatigue. Before work fatigue becomes more severe, it is essential to identify its causes. This study aims to analyze work fatigue and the factors that influence it. The study uses an observational analytic approach with a total of 50 respondents. The variables measured include age, length of work, years of service, workload, total sleep time, and work fatigue. Data collection was carried out through questionnaires and specific workload observations. The results of the study indicate that 25 people (50%) experienced high work fatigue. Further analysis showed that age (p-value = 0.020) and gender (p-value = 0.001) significantly influenced work fatigue. The results also showed that there was no significant effect of length of work (p-value = 0.140), years of service (p-value = 0.27), workload (p-value = 0.258), and total sleep time (p-value = 0.401) on work fatigue. This study concludes that work fatigue among traditional stone breakers is influenced by age and gender. Interventions are needed to reduce work fatigue through adjustments to the work environment and rest periods. This study reinforces the understanding of Q.S. Al-Baqarah/2:286, which emphasizes that every individual has limitations. The fatigue experienced is proof that the human body has limits and needs adequate rest to function optimally.

Abstract Purpose Elderly patients with suspected pneumonia represent a significant proportion of hospital admissions, which is a prognostic challenge for physicians. Our research aimed to assess the prognosis of patients with pneumonia using soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) combined with clinical data. Methods In a prospective observational study including 164 patients > 65 years (mean age 84.2 (+/-7.64) years) who were hospitalized for a suspicion of pneumonia, suPAR was assessed for each patient, as was the prognosis score (PSI, CURB65) and inflammatory biomarkers (C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, white blood cells). The prognostic value of the suPAR for 30-day mortality was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses. Optimal cut-offs with corresponding sensitivity (SE) and specificity (SP) were determined using the Youden index. Results A suPAR > 5.1 ng/mL was predictive of 30-day mortality with a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 40.4%. A combination of the following parameters exhibited an SE of 100% (95% CI, 100–100) for an SP value of 64.9% (95% CI, 57.6–72.2) when at least two of them were above or below the following cut-off threshold values: suPAR > 9.8 ng/mL, BMI 106.5. Conclusion The suPAR seems to be a promising biomarker that can be combined with the PSI and BMI to improve the prognosis of pneumonia among elderly patients. Prospective studies with larger populations are needed to confirm whether this new approach can improve patient outcomes. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02467192), 27th may 2015.

This research explored the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) to positively impact on students in learning English. However, the study also recognized the potential negative impacts of AI, such as over-reliance on technology, reduced language expression and grammar proficiency. The purpose of this phenomenological qualitative research was to investigate how AI can be utilized to positively influence students in the context of English language learning. The research method involved collecting and analyzing first-hand experiences from students to understand the nuances of AI integration in English education. In this study, the researchers took second semester students of the English Education Study Program, University of Nias as participants. The research was conducted at the University of Nias. How to use AI to have a positive impact on students in learning English is by filtering the answers generated from AI.

Abstract Autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) is a common autoimmune disease. In a GWAS meta-analysis of 110,945 cases and 1,084,290 controls, 290 sequence variants at 225 loci are associated with AITD. Of these variants, 115 are previously unreported. Multiomics analysis yields 235 candidate genes outside the MHC-region and the findings highlight the importance of genes involved in T-cell regulation. A rare 5’-UTR variant (rs781745126-T, MAF = 0.13% in Iceland) in LAG3 has the largest effect (OR = 3.42, P = 2.2 × 10−16) and generates a novel start codon for an open reading frame upstream of the canonical protein translation initiation site. rs781745126-T reduces mRNA and surface expression of the inhibitory immune checkpoint LAG-3 co-receptor on activated lymphocyte subsets and halves LAG-3 levels in plasma among heterozygotes. All three homozygous carriers of rs781745126-T have AITD, of whom one also has two other T-cell mediated diseases, that is vitiligo and type 1 diabetes. rs781745126-T associates nominally with vitiligo (OR = 5.1, P = 6.5 × 10−3) but not with type 1 diabetes. Thus, the effect of rs781745126-T is akin to drugs that inhibit LAG-3, which unleash immune responses and can have thyroid dysfunction and vitiligo as adverse events. This illustrates how a multiomics approach can reveal potential drug targets and safety concerns.

Internship programs are essential for tertiary students to gain relevant experience before entering the workforce. Managing these programs, especially in institutions such as the East Java Province Marine and Fisheries Agency (DKP), poses challenges due to the reliance on paper-based processes and the need for centralized management across 17 branches. Therefore, this research developed a "Centralized Internship Information System" (CIIS) program designed with the aim of simplifying internship registration, student placement, document management, and program monitoring at DKP and its branches. This research focuses on designing a user-friendly interface for CIIS to address these issues. The design process follows the Design Thinking method, which emphasizes deeply understanding user needs and creating innovative solutions. The effectiveness of CIIS was evaluated using the Short User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ), which assesses user experience across key aspects. The UEQ results showed an average pragmatic quality score of 1.954 (excellent) and an average hedonic quality score of 1.856, with an overall average of 1.91. These results indicate that CIIS provides a high-quality user experience, facilitating easier access to internship opportunities for students, efficient candidate selection for companies, and effective monitoring for internship managers at DKP.

Lung cancer is frequently detected in an advanced stage and has an unfavourable prognosis. Conventional therapies are ineffective for the treatment of metastatic lung cancer. While certain molecular targets have been identified as having a positive response, the absence of appropriate drug carriers prevents their effective utilization. Lung cancer cell-derived exosomes (LCCDEs) have gained attention for their involvement in the development of cancer, as well as their potential for use in diagnosing, treating, and predicting the outcome of lung cancer. This is due to their biological roles and their inherent ability to transport biomolecules from the donor cells. Lung cancer-associated cell-derived extracellular vesicles (LCCDEVs) have the ability to enhance cell proliferation and metastasis, influence angiogenesis, regulate immune responses against tumours during the development of lung cancer, control drug resistance in lung cancer treatment, and are increasingly recognised as a crucial element in liquid biopsy evaluations for the detection of lung cancer. Therapeutic exosomes, which possess inherent intercellular communication capabilities, are increasingly recognised as effective vehicles for targeted drug delivery in precision medicine for tumours. This is due to their exceptional biocompatibility, minimal immunogenicity, low toxicity, prolonged circulation in the bloodstream, biodegradability, and ability to traverse different biological barriers. Currently, multiple studies are being conducted to create new means of diagnosing and predicting outcomes using LCCDEs, as well as to develop techniques for utilizing exosomes as effective carriers for medication delivery. This paper provides an overview of the current state of lung cancer and the wide range of applications of LCCDEs. The encouraging findings and technologies suggest that the utilization of LCCDEs holds promise for the clinical treatment of lung cancer patients.

This research aimed at studying the effect of fiber content on the flexural strength and behavior of steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) beams with steel rebars. The study employed finite element (FE) analysis to simulate the behavior of SFRC beams. The simulation results of the FE model were validated against experimental data. Subsequently, the validated model was utilized to analyze the strength and crack patterns of SFRC beams with steel rebars in comparison to conventional RC concrete beams without fibers. The parametric study indicates an average 9% increase in RC beam capacity for every 1% increment in fiber volume fraction. Moreover, this study reveals more substantial effects of steel fibers on beams with low reinforcement ratios. Crack analysis shows that cracks in the SFRC beams are distributed more evenly compared to plain RC beams at regions with the same bending moment, indicating enhanced strength to sustain loads, reduced deflection, and improved beam ductility.

Traditional infant monitoring systems are evolving into intelligent solutions, offering real-time notifications and automation to cater to the demands of multitasking parents. However, most IoT solutions in parental care focus solely on monitoring, lacking automatic smartphone control. In response to this gap, we developed an IoT-based system for automatic cradle monitoring. This system not only enables smartphone-based monitoring but also allows parents to control the cradle's swing speed and receive notifications through a mobile application. Our solution integrates PIR and sound sensors, an ESP8266 microcontroller, and a Wi-Fi module to create a robust monitoring system that tracks a baby's movements and sounds, sending instant notifications to the smartphone. The user can activate the system and adjust the cradle's motion using a slider based on sensor data. This IoT-enabled smart baby cradle enhances convenience and reduces parental stress, ensuring infant well-being and safety. A survey conducted among Universiti Teknologi MARA instructors revealed that 70% preferred automatic swing cradles over traditional ones, and 80% expressed the need for IoT integration in infant cradles, highlighting the growing demand for such advanced solutions.

Background Despite a rigorous screening process, including cardiac catheterization, a subset of patients with a single right ventricle (SRV) demonstrates suboptimal short‐term outcomes after the Fontan operation. The goal of this study was to perform a comprehensive assessment of diastolic function in pre‐Fontan patients with an SRV using invasive reference‐standard measures and determine their associations with post‐Fontan outcomes. Methods and Results Children aged 2 to 6 years with SRV physiology undergoing pre‐Fontan heart catheterization were recruited prospectively. Patients were divided into those who had an optimal or suboptimal outcome. A suboptimal outcome was defined as length of stay ≥14 days or heart transplant/cardiac death in first year after Fontan. Patients underwent pressure–volume loop analysis using reference‐standard methods. The measure of ventricular stiffness, β, was obtained via preload reduction. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging for extracellular volume and serum draws for matrix metalloproteinase activity were performed. Of 19 patients with an SRV, 9 (47%) had a suboptimal outcome. Mean age was 4.2±0.7 years. Patients with suboptimal outcomes had lower ventricular stiffness (0.021 [0.009–0.049] versus 0.090 [0.031–0.118] mL−1; P=0.02), lower extracellular volume (25% [28%–32%] versus 31% [28%–33%]; P=0.02), and lower matrix metalloproteinase‐2 (90 [79–104] versus 108 [79–128] ng/mL; P=0.01) compared with patients with optimal outcomes. The only invasive measure that had an association with suboptimal outcome was β (P=0.038). Conclusions Patients with an SRV with suboptimal outcome after the Fontan operation had lower ventricular stiffness and evidence of maladaptive extracellular matrix metabolism compared with patients with optimal outcome. This appears to be a novel phenotype that may have important clinical implications and requires further study.

Leading up to the Presidential Election, Anies Baswedan and Ganjar Pranowo have influenced voters’ political attitudes on Twitter and demonstrated strengthening public trust in both, showing trust’s critical role in the democratization process. This research explores the relationship between Twitter use and online trust in the two candidates in the context of preparations for the 2024 presidential election in Indonesia. This research uses a quantitative approach with sentiment analysis on data from Twitter, which focuses on searching for the keywords #aniesbaswedan (17,998 Tweets) and #ganjarpranowo (17,918 Tweets) to understand the opinions, attitudes, and emotions contained in the text. These findings show that there is potential to transform public trust online. If the candidate uses Twitter effectively and succeeds in building online trust, this can provide an advantage for the candidate in their efforts to achieve victory in the 2024 Presidential Election. Ganjar Pranowo is more dominant in influencing the level of public trust in Twitter to be relatively positive, although Ganjar Pranowo also received quite a negative response. Meanwhile, Anies Baswedan needs to be more dominant to influence public trust on Twitter. The dominant factors affecting the level of trust in candidates are the coalition of political parties, Israel’s rejection, and leadership. This study also found the tendency of other factors to transform trust online, including quality content, consistency, transparency, responsiveness, ethics, sharing of references, and honesty. Social media has the potential to foster political confidence online. However, this depends on how the candidate maximizes the potential of social media. Keywords: Online trust, social media, presidential election, online discussion ABSTRAK Menuju Pemilihan Presiden, Anies Baswedan dan Ganjar Pranowo telah memengaruhi sikap politik pemilih di Twitter dan menunjukkan penguatan kepercayaan publik pada keduanya, memperlihatkan peran penting kepercayaan dalam proses demokratisasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi hubungan antara penggunaan Twitter dan kepercayaan online terhadap kedua kandidat tersebut dalam konteks persiapan menuju Pilpres 2024 di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan analisis sentimen pada data dari Twitter, yang difokuskan pada pencarian kata kunci #aniesbaswedan (17998 Tweets) dan #ganjarpranowo (17918 Tweets), untuk memahami pendapat, sikap, dan emosi yang terkandung dalam teks. Temuan ini menunjukkan adanya potensi dalam mentransformasikan kepercayaan publik secara daring. Jika kandidat menggunakan Twitter secara efektif dan berhasil membangun kepercayaan online, maka hal tersebut dapat memberikan keuntungan bagi kandidat dalam upaya mencapai kemenangan di Pilpres 2024. Ganjar Pranowo lebih dominan memengaruhi tingkat kepercayaan publik di Twitter menjadi relatif positif, meskipun Ganjar Pranowo juga mendapatkan respon cukup negatif. Sementara itu, Anies Baswedan dianggap tidak cukup dominan memengaruhi kepercayaan publik di Twitter. Faktor dominan yang memengaruhi tingkat kepercayaan pada kandidat adalah koalisi partai politik, penolakan Israel, dan kepemimpinan. Studi ini juga menemukan kecenderungan dari faktor lainnya untuk mentransformasikan kepercayaan secara daring di antaranya adalah konten berkualitas, konsistensi, transparansi, responsif, etika, berbagi referensi, dan kejujuran. Media sosial memiliki potensi untuk menumbuhkan kepercayaan politik secara daring. Namun, hal tersebut sangat bergantung pada bagaimana kandidat memaksimalkan potensi media sosial tersebut. Kata Kunci: Kepercayaan daring, media sosial, pemilihan presiden, diskusi daring

Background Perioperative management in autologous breast reconstruction has gained focus in recent years. This study compares two pain management protocols in patients undergoing abdominal-based free flap breast reconstruction: a past protocol (PP) and a current protocol (CP)—both intended to reduce opioid consumption postoperatively. The PP entails use of a pain catheter in the abdominal wound and the CP consists of an intraoperative nerve block in addition to refinements in the oral pain management. We hypothesize that the CP reduces opioid consumption compared to PP.

Brown spider envenomation results in dermonecrosis, characterized by an intense inflammatory reaction. The principal toxins of brown spider venoms are phospholipase-D isoforms, which interact with different cellular membrane components, degrade phospholipids, and generate bioactive mediators leading to harmful effects. The Loxosceles intermedia phospholipase D, LiRecDT1, possesses a loop that modulates the accessibility to the active site and plays a crucial role in substrate. In vitro and in silico analyses were performed to determine aspects of this enzyme's substrate preference. Sphingomyelin d18:1/6:0 was the preferred substrate of LiRecDT1 compared to other Sphingomyelins. Lysophosphatidylcholine 16:0/0:0 was preferred among other lysophosphatidylcholines, but much less than Sphingomyelin d18:1/6:0. In contrast, phosphatidylcholine d18:1/16:0 was not cleaved. Thus, the number of carbon atoms in the substrate plays a vital role in determining the optimal activity of this phospholipase-D. The presence of an amide group at C2 plays a key role in recognition and activity. In silico analyses indicated that a subsite containing the aromatic residues Y228 and W230 appears essential for choline recognition by cation-π interactions. These findings may help to explain why different cells, with different phospholipid fatty acid compositions exhibit distinct susceptibilities to brown spider venoms.

This study aims to determine the development of the use of technology-based financial transactions or Fintech, especially in QR codes and QRIS Fintech. This research discusses parameters related to many previous studies related to financial technology QR codes and QRIS. The bibliometric method identifies and analyzes publication patterns, the most productive authors, the journals that publish the most related articles, and research trends related to Fintech (QR Code and QRIS). Data collection was conducted in September 2023 on the Scopus database and data analysis using Rstudio, Biblioshiny, and VOSviewer applications. The results of this bibliometric analysis provide important insights into the development of research related to Fintech (QR Code and QRIS). It was found that the discussion of the two themes was still minimally researched as seen from the results of the QR Code theme 16 published documents and QRIS 7 published documents.

Peranan penting guru dalam merencanakan Asesmen yang baik agar dapat di berikan kepada peserta didik untuk mengukur kemempuan dasarnya, pelaksanaan Asesmen, serta hasil dan evaluasi/tindak lanjut kepada peserta didik setelah melakukan Asesmen Diagnostik. Hal apa saja yang dilakukan guru untuk menghasilkan Asesmen yang baik serta hambatan dan kendala yang dialami selama menyusun dan melaksanakan Asesmen Diagnostik ini. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini adalah teknik wawancara dan dokumentasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sejauh mana persiapan yang dilakukan pendidik untuk menerapkan dan melaksanakan Asesmen Diagnostik di sekolah dari tahap penyusunan, pelaksanaan hingga hasil evaluasi dan tindak lanjut yang dilakukan serta mengetahui kelemahan dan kelebihan masing-masing peserta didik. Manfaat penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan informasi tentang Implementasi Asesmen Diagnostik di SMA N 1 Kabun. Mengetahui apa saja kendala yang dialami selama pelaksanaan Asesmen Diagnostik di SMA N 1 Kabun. Setelah mengetahuinya maka pendidik akan dengan mudah menentukan model pembelajaran yang akan dilakukan pada peserta didik. Dari hasil penelitian ini Asesmen Diagnostik dalam Kurikulum Merdeka di SMA N 1 Kabun sangat membantu guru dalam mengajar, dan membuat para peserta didik mengetahui dan dapat mengukur kemampuan dasar diri sendiri, dan peserta didik juga menjadi lebih aktif dan antusias dalam belajar. Meskipun para guru memiliki berbagai hambatan dan kendala dalam melaksanakan Asesmen Diagnostik ini, tetapi sejauh ini pelaksanaan nya sudah cukup baik dan menunjukkan hasil yang maksimal.

Microbial eukaryotic species play a crucial role in biomedical research, aiding in the study of bacterial impurities, microorganism pathogenesis, and development of tactics to combat antimicrobial struggle. These species represent a complex and diverse aspect of bacteriological life, influencing ecosystems, human health, and technological progress. This study aims to create a comprehensive computational model to analyze the magnetohydrodynamics of a non-Newtonian micropolar nanofluid over an exponentially stretchable surface. It incorporates the Buongiorno model, which considers thermophoretic diffusion and Brownian motion effects to study the thermal behavior of micropolar nanofluids. It is also investigated how thermal radiation affects the current model. The classical Navier's stokes equations of motions of the current model are transform into a system of ordinary differential equation by employing similarity approach. The classical Navier-Stokes equations of motion are transformed into ordinary differential equations using similarity transformations, and MATLAB is used to solve them numerically. Here we considered three different cases, (i)-injection fw>0, (ii)-impermeable wall fw=0, (iii)-suction fw

Turbulent and non-turbulent analysis of thermomagnetic convection, heating rate and mass transport of Darcian radiating nanofluid flow through porous slanted sheet is the aim of present study. Influence of microgravity is more useful for the movement of thermophoresis nanoparticles with maximum temperature and density. Joule heating, porous medium, magnetic field and thermal radiations are incorporated for the performance of thermal convection. Governing equations are reduced in dimensionless form. Oscillatory stokes conditions are applied to separate the steady, real and imaginary equations. Finite difference, Primitive transformation, and Gaussian elimination techniques are applied for numerical outputs. For asymptotic results, the appropriate range of parameters such as 0.1≤JH≤15.0, 0.1≤Pr≤12.0, 0.1≤Rd≤25.0, 0.0≤λT≤5.0, 0.1≤NT≤1.0, 0.1≤Fr≥6.0, and 0.1≤δ≤1.0 is utilized. Main novelty of work is to examine the steady state and oscillatory behavior of friction-rate, heat/mass transport over slanted two-angles π/6 and π/4. Maximum amplitude in fluid velocity is observed by increasing radiations and buoyant forces. Temperature distribution and nanomaterial concentrations enhance as Joule-heating and Prandtl number increases under microgravity region. Amplitude and oscillation of heat and mass rate is increased as reaction rate, Joule heating and Forchheimer parameter increases. Enhancing behavior of energy transport is observed for maximum choice of Prandtl index with small magnetic effects. It is depicted that high rate of oscillating frequency in heat transmission is detected with maximum radiation effects.

In current analysis, the contributions of Joule heating, microgravity, thermal radiations, and porous medium on magnetized Darcy Forchheimer flow of nanofluid with multiple slips are studied. The flow behavior is caused by the inclined surface with velocity slip, thermal slip and concentration slip. The motivation of this analysis is to improve the polishing and cleaning of artificial cardiovascular valves, inner arteries, lubrications, ballistic missiles, aircrafts and plastic fabrications. The microgravity is assumed as temperature dependent with maximum density of nanoparticles for increasing motion along inclined surface. The optimizing non-linear periodical model with slip boundaries is transformed using implicit form of finite difference asymptotic method. Numerical outputs of steady solutions are recorded first for different flow parameters and then used these steady solutions in periodical formula for oscillating skin frictions, oscillating heat rates and oscillating mass rates. It is depicted that significant amplitude in slip velocity is obtained for increasing values of slip-velocity, thermal radiation and slip-thermal parameters. Steady state heat and mass transmission is enhanced for minimum Joule heating impacts along both inclined angles. It is noticed that the steady skin friction and mass transfer enhances as Prandtl value enhances. The minimum layer in mass transfer is observed for small value of Brownian motion but high amplitude in mass rate enhances as Brownian motion enhances. It is depicted that the prominent oscillations and fluctuating amplitude in mass and heat transfer is deduced for maximum values of Schmidt number and thermophoresis parameter. The prominent stability in heat transfer is observed for each value of Schmidt number. The current study is useful in various applications such as energy transport in groundwater, renewable energy devices, geothermal energy sources, crops preservation, nuclear power-plants, biological and chemical processes, heat removal in radioactive waste, and radiators for porous substances.

Malang quartzite contains a highly silica content. The silica changes the structural composition of Zeolite Y. Currently, a heterogeneous catalyst is developed to optimize transesterification of Off Grade CPO (Crude Palm Oil). The aims of this study are: (1) synthesize K2O/Zeolite Y using silica from Malang quartzite, (2) synthesize methyl esters from Off Grade CPO using K2O/Zeolite Y catalyst, and (3) to evaluate quartzite based-silica contribution in Zeolite Y for the reaction activity via GC-MS analysis. The experimental stages were: the oil preparation, esterification of the prepared oil, preparation of K2O/zeolite Y catalyst, and the transesterification. This study applied variations of [KOH] in Zeolite Y (10, 20, and 30 % w/w) and the concentration of the transesterification catalyst (2, 3, and 4 % w/w). The K2O/Zeolite Y catalyst was successfully synthesized by impregnation method. Methyl esters of Off Grade CPO resulted the highest yield of 95.05 % with 4 wt% of 30-K2O/Zeolite Y (30 % KOH impregnation). The synthesized methyl esters have a density of 0.877 g/mL, a viscosity of 4.6 cSt, a refractive index of 1.445 and an acid number of 0.384 mg/g according to the standard (SNI 7182:2015). The main components of the methyl ester based on GC-MS results were methyl octanoate, methyl decanoate, methyl dodecanoate, methyl 9-octadecanoate, methyl octadecanoate and methyl tetracosanoate. Using quartzite-based silica, a co-activity of the reaction has occurred.

The influence of thermal radiations and Soret/Dufour significantly increases the mass and heat transport in material science, geothermal process, chemical rectors and heat exchangers due to temperature and concentration variation of nanoparticles. Main objective is to enhance the amplitude, oscillation and frequency of heat transfer using the Soret and Dufour characteristics in Darcian radiating flow of thermophoretic nanoparticles along vertical porous surface. The dimensionless analysis is performed to develop the convenient form of governing thermodynamic Darcian nanofluid formulation. To develop the programming algorithm in FORTRAN language, the primitive variable formulation is used for both time-dependent and steady models. The numerical and graphical outcomes of primitive type equations under boundary conditions are explored by using implicit finite difference approach with Gaussian elimination scheme. Various pertinent parameters are used to elaborate the steady fluid velocity, surface temperature and steady concentrated nanoparticle volume fraction. Valuable novelty of current research is to use steady results for fluctuating shear stress, fluctuation heating rate and fluctuating mass rate. It is found that the influence of Soret and Dufour parameter enhances the fluid velocity and temperature distribution with maximum variations. It is noticed that the temperature distribution enhances as thermal radiation parameter increases. The oscillation and transient stability of heating rate enhances with prominent variations as thermal radiation and Soret/Dufour parameter increases. It is depicted that amplitude in shear stress and mass rate enhances as Soret and Dufour parameter enhances.

This research aims to identify the implementation of bureaucratic reform, while presenting solutions to improve license management services. The research method used is a qualitative approach with an informative case study that focuses on the Licensing Service Agency in Bone Regency covering several aspects. From an institutional perspective, licensing services have developed into a One Stop Service. However, from the aspect of human resources, employee qualifications do not match the needs of the organization, and employee discipline and responsibility are still low. In terms of systems and procedures, there are delays in completing permits, discrimination and contradictions. This study also confirms the concept of formalism as a characteristic of prismatic society described by Fred W. Riggs. This phenomenon has been confirmed in research as “Regulatory Heresy.” Thus, this research not only identifies the problems of implementing bureaucratic reform, but also contributes to the verification of relevant concepts and theories in the context of this research.

In recent years, the number of bullying cases, especially among teenagers, has been increasing, with many mass media reports on bullying cases that have resulted in the death of the victim. The aim of the study was to explore the impact of bullying on adolescents by analysing of network visualisation, overlay visualisation and density visualisation on the topic through bibliometric analysis. Records were identified through a database search at https://app.dimensions.ai/. The data obtained was then selected further by the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) flow diagram. Papers were limited to publication years 2019-2023 and focussed on the fields of psychology, human society, health science , clinical biomedicine, clinical education and health psychology. Data were analysed using VOSviewer, then reviewed by co-occurrence and co-author. After identifying the clusters, the impacts of bullying on adolescents were suicidal behaviour, mental disorders, non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), loneliness, psychological distress and adolescent childhood experiences (ACEs). From the overlay visualisation, it was indicated that the newest topics that were being widely researched related to the impact of bullying on adolescents were social anxiety, suicidal ideation, depressive symptoms, suicidal thought, integrated behaviour change (IBC) and peer victimisation. From density visualisation, it was indicated that topics that were rarely researched related to the topic of the impact of bullying on adolescent were suicide attempts, early victimisation, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and suicidality. The theme regarding the impact of bullying needs and developed to be researched more deeply, especially on themes with low visualisation found in density visualisation, in order to enrich the variety of research.

Pyogenic granuloma (PG) is a benign vascular tumor removed surgically or by physical modalities, such as electrocautery and cryotherapy. Other treatment options may be warranted, especially in children, using nonsurgical approach. The study aims to determine the effectiveness and safety of topical treatments on PG in children in the clearance of lesions. Systematic literature search were done in February 2023 in the following database: PubMed, HERDIN, Cochrane Library, Hindawi, Directory of Open Access Journals, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. The search included studies involving PG treated with topical medications in the pediatric age group. Twenty-five studies (9 cohort studies, 6 case series, and 10 case reports) were included and utilized the following medications: timolol, propranolol, corticosteroids, common table salt, imiquimod, and ingenol mebutate. Among the medications, timolol was the most reported drug to provide partial to complete resolution in 62 out of 149 patients. All the reviewed topical medications provided partial to complete resolution with minimal adverse effects. Among them, topical timolol, propranolol, and table salt have demonstrated high response rates. Topical therapy in children with PG may be considered as a nonsurgical option. However, further clinical trials are warranted to determine its effectiveness.

A 7-year-old male Persian cat was referred to IPB University Veterinary Teaching Hospital with clinical signs of lethargy, weight loss, and loss of appetite and was diagnosed with nephrolithiasis before being referred to IPB University Veterinary Teaching Hospital. Physical examination revealed tachycardia, tachypnoea, pale mucous membrane, 5–6% dehydration rate, cachexia, and palpated masses on the left and right side of the abdominal region. The abdominal cavity was seen as more radiopaque, which resulted in some organs being invisible in the radiographic view. Abdominal ultrasonography showed abnormalities in the liver, gall bladder, and kidneys. The patient was diagnosed with polycystic kidney disease (PKD) with the prognosis of infausta, as the patient was already in a sternal recumbency and could not stand by himself. During hospitalization, the patient was force-fed with a commercial renal diet, and the medical treatments given were intravenous ceftriaxone, vitamins, furosemide, Azodyl®, and intravenous infusion. The patient regained standing ability and survived until the seventh day of hospitalization. However, the owner persisted in bringing the patient home on the seventh day of hospitalization, and the patient died the next day after being brought home.

This article discusses the reception of the community towards the tradition of Selawat Benghanyut in the Perkumpulan Sholawat Laut Indonesia in Bengkalis Regency, Riau. The tradition of Selawat is performed by the Bengkalis community with the aim of preserving the village. The people of Bengkalis refer to it as "bele kampung," but now this tradition is known as "Selawat Beghanyut." Selawat Beghanyut is a salawat activity performed on boats. It is called Selawat Beghanyut because it involves floating with boats moving along the river or sea currents. This tradition is interesting to explore further because it contains the values of the Qur'an, conceptually known as the study of the living Qur'an. This field research employs a descriptive-qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. Data collection involves observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the research indicate that the tradition of Selawat Beghanyut is a cultural behavior resulting from the reception of Muslims towards the Qur'an, especially Surah Al-Ahzab verse 56. This verse contains the command to send blessings upon the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him), and this command is implemented by the community in the form of Selawat Beghanyut. Furthermore, the tradition of Selawat Beghanyut also embodies religious and social values. The religious values include constant reminders to worship Allah, have faith in the Prophet, and adhere to the Qur'an. As for the social values, this tradition fosters brotherhood and serves as a platform for fostering relationships among all members of the community. Abstrak: Artikel ini membahas tentang resepsi masyarakat pada tradisi Selawat Benghanyut pada Perkumpulan Sholawat Laut Indonesia di Kabupaten Bengkalis, Riau. Tradisi selawat dilakukan oleh masyarakat Bengkalis bertujuan untuk memelihara kampung. Masyarakat Bengkalis menyebutnya dengan istilah “bele kampung”, namun sekarang tradisi ini dikenal dengan “Selawat Beghanyut”. Selawat Beghanyut adalah suatu kegiatan berselawat yang dilakukan di atas perahu. Dinamakan dengan Selawat Beghanyut karena diambil dari istilah berhanyut dengan perahu yang bergerak mengikuti arus sungai atau laut. Tradisi ini menarik untuk dikaji lebih mendalam karena memuat nilai-nilai Al-Qur’an atau secara konseptual dikenal dengan kajian living Qur’an. Penelitian dengan jenis penelitian lapangan ini menggunakan metode deskriptif-kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Data penelitian diperoleh melalui observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tradisi Selawat Beghanyut merupakan hasil perilaku kultural dari resepsi umat Islam terhadap Al-Qur’an, khususnya surat Al-Ahzab ayat 56. Ayat tersebut berisi tentang perintah ber-selawat kepada Nabi Muhammad Saw, perintah tersebut diimplementasikan oleh masyarakat dengan bentuk Selawat Beghanyut. Selain itu, tradisi Selawat Beghanyut juga memuat nilai-nilai keagamaan dan nilai-nilai sosial. Nilai keagamaan yaitu senantiasa mengingatkan untuk selalu beribadah kepada Allah, beriman kepada Nabi, serta agar selalu berpegang kepada Al-Qur’an. Adapun nilai-nilai sosial dalam tradisi ini yaitu memuat nilai persaudaraan serta ajang silahturahmi seluruh anggota masyarakat.

Construction also causes environmental pollution due to excessive cement production, so an alternative to cement is needed. Geopolymer is considered an alternative material to replace cement. This research compares three variations of mortar (PPC, geopolymer, and geopolymer with white soil) in a seawater environment. Research in the laboratory with 5x5x5 cm mortar specimens and test parameters for porosity, compressive and direct tensile strength, density, and absorption has been carried out. Microstructure due to immersion effect was also carried out but only on MGT15 mortar. The results showed that the PPC mortar had the highest compressive and tensile strength among the three variations, namely 27.80 MPa and 2.540 MPa at 28 days of age, the most negligible porosity and absorption were 1.124% and 76 gram/100cm2, and increased density after immersion. However, when immersing for 56 days, the decrease in strength reached 21%, while geopolymer mortar tended to be stable and even increased to 19%. Microstructure tests in the form of SEM and EDX on MGT15 showed the effect of seawater immersion, such as the presence of cracks, ettringite, and bad reactions. Soaking in seawater caused a decrease in some mortar strength supporting compounds and the appearance of 0.3% free chloride at 28 days of immersion.

The study of financial literacy and sustainability has attracted much interest recently and is expanding quickly. This paper offers a trustworthly, consistent, and current financial literacy and sustainability analysis following bibliometric analysis and systematic literature review. Concerning 127 documents published between 2008 and October 2022, we specifically examined the co-occurrence of author keywords, co-citation analysis of cited references, and subsequent in-depth analysis. Results show that the following topics have received the most attention in analyzing financial literacy and sustainability research: (1) financial inclusion; (2) financial behaviour; (3) financial systems; and (4) decision-making. The trick-down growth and development theory, the consumption function theory, the resource-based view theory, and the theory of entrepreneurship are the theoretical pillars supporting this study’s structure. Next, we create an integrative framework as the foundation for additional research. As a result, this review provides a thorough overview of financial literacy and sustainability research.

This study aims to create a theoretical model of business sustainability with financial literacy antecedents. The antecedents of financial literacy are intellectual capital and risk attitudes. The research location is in the province of East Java, Indonesia. Batik SMEs are only found in Indonesia because it is a cultural heritage belonging to Indonesia that does not exist in other countries. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling, with 222 respondents from the batik SMEs spread across six cities. The data was taken using a questionnaire on a Likert scale. Data analysis uses SEM (structural equation modeling) with the SmartPLS application. The study results show that risk attitudes toward financial literacy have a positive effect. The effect of financial literacy on the business sustainability of the batik industry has a positive influence. The impact of intellectual capital on the business sustainability of the batik industry has a positive effect. Risk attitudes have no significant positive impact on business sustainability. Financial literacy has yet to be able to mediate intellectual capital’s influence on the batik SME’s business sustainability. This needs to be explored further with further research. Furthermore, financial literacy can mediate risk attitudes towards the business sustainability of batik SMEs.