Search

ABSTRACT While the presence of militia in conflicts dates back several centuries, their current nature and importance remains unique and in need of further analysis and understanding. This article attempts [...]

Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and 1,2-dichlorobenzene (1,2-DCB) sorption and desorption rates show that there are marked differences in sorption rates between organobentonites and peat soil. Experimental results show that organobentonites absorb 1,2-DCB faster, that CCl4 has a faster mass transfer rate, that organobentonite alkyl chain lengths were insignificant in mass transfer rates, that solute desorption was slower that uptake for two organobentonites and that a local equilibrium assumption would satisfactorily describe CCl4 and 1,2-DCB in most environmental applications.

The Management Institute for Environment and Business program, aimed at developing environmental courses in business schools, succeeded in linking industry and university in environmental programs. Environmental management education can succeed only if businesses consider environmental literacy a criterion for hiring business school graduates. Such programs also require dedication on the part of the faculty and the company,.

The South Sudan Defence Force (SSDF) is analyzed on the basis of its functions and the impact of its armed presence on the security situation and reconstruction efforts by the government of South Sudan. The efforts made by the government to counteract the SSDF have successfully prevented conflicts, although the SSDF is capable of instigating a return to civil war.

While the presence of militia in conflicts dates back several centuries, their current nature and importance remains unique and in need of further analysis and understanding. This article attempts to further this understanding by providing an interpretative framework for the analysis of militia groups. It does this by first problematising the definition of militias, particularly with regards to the question of being a non-state actor. A framework is then provided which highlights the need to study the rationality and motivations of militias, their strategies and tactics, their structure, their means of achieving legitimacy and accountability and their relationship with other actors. These themes are crucial with regards to disarmament, demobilisation and re-integration (DDR) and the overall peace process. However, demilitarisation of militias cannot be enforced from the top-down only, which is why the contextualisation of the historical, political, economic, identity politics, regional, international and civil society situation must also be considered. Thus, the multi-faceted and multi-layered nature of the demilitarisation of militias is discussed here in the hopes to provide a better theoretical understanding to aid in a more efficient implementation of the peace process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]