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100,253 results on '"Arteaga A"'

1. A search for the anomalous events detected by ANITA using the Pierre Auger Observatory

Author: The Pierre Auger Collaboration, Halim, A. Abdul, Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Allekotte, I., Cheminant, K. Almeida, Almela, A., Aloisio, R., Alvarez-Muñiz, J., Yebra, J. Ammerman, Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Andringa, S., Apollonio, L., Aramo, C., Ferreira, P. R. Araújo, Arnone, E., Velázquez, J. C. Arteaga, Assis, P., Avila, G., Avocone, E., Bakalova, A., Barbato, F., Mocellin, A. Bartz, Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bhatta, G., Bianciotto, M., Biermann, P. L., Binet, V., Bismark, K., Bister, T., Biteau, J., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Blümer, J., Boháčová, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Arbeletche, L. Bonneau, Borodai, N., Brack, J., Orchera, P. G. Brichetto, Briechle, F. L., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Büsken, M., Bwembya, A., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Cabana-Freire, S., Caccianiga, L., Campuzano, F., Caracas, I. A., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Catalani, F., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cerda, M., Cermenati, A., Chinellato, J. A., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Clay, R. W., Cerutti, A. C. Cobos, Colalillo, R., Coluccia, M. R., Conceição, R., Condorelli, A., Consolati, G., Conte, M., Convenga, F., Santos, D. Correia dos, Costa, P. J., Covault, C. E., Cristinziani, M., Sanchez, C. S. Cruz, Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., de Almeida, R. M., de Jesús, J., de Jong, S. J., Neto, J. R. T. de Mello, De Mitri, I., de Oliveira, J., Franco, D. de Oliveira, de Palma, F., de Souza, V., de Errico, B. P. de Souza, De Vito, E., Del Popolo, A., Deligny, O., Denner, N., Deval, L., di Matteo, A., Dobre, M., Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J. C., Mendes, L. M. Domingues, Dorosti, Q., Anjos, J. C. dos, Anjos, R. C. dos, Ebr, J., Ellwanger, F., Emam, M., Engel, R., Epicoco, I., Erdmann, M., Etchegoyen, A., Evoli, C., Falcke, H., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fazzini, N., Feldbusch, F., Fenu, F., Fernandes, A., Fick, B., Figueira, J. M., Filipčič, A., Fitoussi, T., Flaggs, B., Fodran, T., Fujii, T., Fuster, A., Galea, C., Galelli, C., García, B., Gaudu, C., Gemmeke, H., Gesualdi, F., Gherghel-Lascu, A., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Glombitza, J., Gobbi, F., Gollan, F., Golup, G., Berisso, M. Gómez, Vitale, P. F. Gómez, Gongora, J. P., González, J. M., González, N., Góra, D., Gorgi, A., Gottowik, M., Grubb, T. D., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Guido, E., Gülzow, L., Hahn, S., Hamal, P., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harvey, V. M., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Hojvat, C., Hörandel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovský, M., Huege, T., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Janecek, P., Jilek, V., Johnsen, J. A., Jurysek, J., Kampert, K. -H., Keilhauer, B., Khakurdikar, A., Covilakam, V. V. Kizakke, Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Knapp, F., Köhler, J., Kunka, N., Lago, B. L., Langner, N., de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui, Lema-Capeans, Y., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Lopes, L., Lu, L., Luce, Q., Lundquist, J. P., Payeras, A. Machado, Majercakova, M., Mandat, D., Manning, B. C., Mantsch, P., Mariani, F. M., Mariazzi, A. G., Mariş, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinelli, S., Bravo, O. Martínez, Martins, M. A., Mastrodicasa, M., Mathes, H. -J., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Mayotte, E., Mayotte, S., Mazur, P. O., Medina-Tanco, G., Meinert, J., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Merx, C., Michal, S., Micheletti, M. I., Miramonti, L., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morejon, L., Morello, C., Mulrey, K., Mussa, R., Namasaka, W. M., Negi, S., Nellen, L., Nguyen, K., Nicora, G., Niechciol, M., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nožka, L., Nucita, A., Núñez, L. A., Oliveira, C., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Panja, S., Parente, G., Paulsen, T., Pawlowsky, J., Pech, M., Pękala, J., Pelayo, R., Pereira, L. A. S., Martins, E. E. Pereira, Armand, J. Perez, Bertolli, C. Pérez, Perrone, L., Petrera, S., Petrucci, C., Pierog, T., Pimenta, M., Platino, M., Pont, B., Pothast, M., Shahvar, M. Pourmohammad, Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Querchfeld, S., Rautenberg, J., Ravignani, D., Akim, J. V. Reginatto, Reininghaus, M., Ridky, J., Riehn, F., Risse, M., Rizi, V., de Carvalho, W. Rodrigues, Rodriguez, E., Rojo, J. Rodriguez, Roncoroni, M. J., Rossoni, S., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Ruehl, P., Saftoiu, A., Saharan, M., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Salina, G., Gomez, J. D. Sanabria, Sánchez, F., Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarmento, R., Sato, R., Savina, P., Schäfer, C. M., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schimassek, M., Schimp, M., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schoorlemmer, H., Schovánek, P., Schröder, F. G., Schulte, J., Schulz, T., Sciutto, S. J., Scornavacche, M., Sedoski, A., Segreto, A., Sehgal, S., Shivashankara, S. U., Sigl, G., Silli, G., Sima, O., Simkova, K., Simon, F., Smau, R., Šmída, R., Sommers, P., Soriano, J. F., Squartini, R., Stadelmaier, M., Stanič, S., Stasielak, J., Stassi, P., Strähnz, S., Straub, M., Suomijärvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Svozilikova, Z., Szadkowski, Z., Tairli, F., Tapia, A., Taricco, C., Timmermans, C., Tkachenko, O., Tobiska, P., Peixoto, C. J. Todero, Tomé, B., Torrès, Z., Travaini, A., Travnicek, P., Trimarelli, C., Tueros, M., Unger, M., Vaclavek, L., Vacula, M., Galicia, J. F. Valdés, Valore, L., Varela, E., Vásquez-Ramírez, A., Veberič, D., Ventura, C., Quispe, I. D. Vergara, Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Vink, J., Vorobiov, S., Watanabe, C., Watson, A. A., Weindl, A., Wiencke, L., Wilczyński, H., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Yue, B., Yushkov, A., Zapparrata, O., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Prechelt, R., Romero-Wolf, A., Wissel, S., and Zeolla, A. more...
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: A dedicated search for upward-going air showers at zenith angles exceeding $110^\circ$ and energies $E>0.1$ EeV has been performed using the Fluorescence Detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory. The search is motivated by two "anomalous" radio pulses observed by the ANITA flights I and III which appear inconsistent with the Standard Model of particle physics. Using simulations of both regular cosmic ray showers and upward-going events, a selection procedure has been defined to separate potential upward-going candidate events and the corresponding exposure has been calculated in the energy range [0.1-33] EeV. One event has been found in the search period between 1 Jan 2004 and 31 Dec 2018, consistent with an expected background of $0.27 \pm 0.12$ events from mis-reconstructed cosmic ray showers. This translates to an upper bound on the integral flux of $(7.2 \pm 0.2) \times 10^{-21}$ cm$^{-2}$ sr$^{-1}$ y$^{-1}$ and $(3.6 \pm 0.2) \times 10^{-20}$ cm$^{-2}$ sr$^{-1}$ y$^{-1}$ for an $E^{-1}$ and $E^{-2}$ spectrum, respectively. An upward-going flux of showers normalized to the ANITA observations is shown to predict over 34 events for an $E^{-3}$ spectrum and over 8.1 events for a conservative $E^{-5}$ spectrum, in strong disagreement with the interpretation of the anomalous events as upward-going showers., Comment: 10+5 Pages of Manuscript plus Supplemental Material, 3+8 figures, Accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters more...
Published: 2025

2. Search for a diffuse flux of photons with energies above tens of PeV at the Pierre Auger Observatory

Author: The Pierre Auger Collaboration, Halim, A. Abdul, Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Allekotte, I., Cheminant, K. Almeida, Almela, A., Aloisio, R., Alvarez-Muñiz, J., Ambrosone, A., Yebra, J. Ammerman, Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Dourado, L. Andrade, Andringa, S., Apollonio, L., Aramo, C., Arnone, E., Velázquez, J. C. Arteaga, Assis, P., Avila, G., Avocone, E., Bakalova, A., Barbato, F., Mocellin, A. Bartz, Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bianciotto, M., Biermann, P. L., Binet, V., Bismark, K., Bister, T., Biteau, J., Blazek, J., Blümer, J., Boháčová, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Arbeletche, L. Bonneau, Borodai, N., Brack, J., Orchera, P. G. Brichetto, Briechle, F. L., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Büsken, M., Bwembya, A., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Cabana-Freire, S., Caccianiga, L., Campuzano, F., Caraça-Valente, J., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Catalani, F., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cerda, M., Čermáková, B., Cermenati, A., Chinellato, J. A., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Clay, R. W., Cerutti, A. C. Cobos, Colalillo, R., Conceição, R., Condorelli, A., Consolati, G., Conte, M., Convenga, F., Santos, D. Correia dos, Costa, P. J., Covault, C. E., Cristinziani, M., Sanchez, C. S. Cruz, Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., de Almeida, R. M., de Boone, E. -T., de Errico, B., de Jesús, J., de Jong, S. J., Neto, J. R. T. de Mello, De Mitri, I., de Oliveira, J., Franco, D. de Oliveira, de Palma, F., de Souza, V., De Vito, E., Del Popolo, A., Deligny, O., Denner, N., Deval, L., di Matteo, A., Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J. C., Mendes, L. M. Domingues, Dorosti, Q., Anjos, J. C. dos, Anjos, R. C. dos, Ebr, J., Ellwanger, F., Emam, M., Engel, R., Epicoco, I., Erdmann, M., Etchegoyen, A., Evoli, C., Falcke, H., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fehler, T., Feldbusch, F., Fernandes, A., Fick, B., Figueira, J. M., Filip, P., Filipčič, A., Fitoussi, T., Flaggs, B., Fodran, T., Freitas, M., Fujii, T., Fuster, A., Galea, C., García, B., Gaudu, C., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Gobbi, F., Gollan, F., Golup, G., Berisso, M. Gómez, Vitale, P. F. Gómez, Gongora, J. P., González, J. M., González, N., Góra, D., Gorgi, A., Gottowik, M., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Guido, E., Gülzow, L., Hahn, S., Hamal, P., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harvey, V. M., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Hojvat, C., Hörandel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovský, M., Huege, T., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Janecek, P., Jilek, V., Kampert, K. -H., Keilhauer, B., Khakurdikar, A., Covilakam, V. V. Kizakke, Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Köhler, J., Krieger, F., Kubatova, M., Kunka, N., Lago, B. L., Langner, N., de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui, Lema-Capeans, Y., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Lopes, L., Lundquist, J. P., Payeras, A. Machado, Mallamaci, M., Mandat, D., Manning, B. C., Mantsch, P., Mariani, F. M., Mariazzi, A. G., Mariş, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinelli, S., Martins, M. A., Mathes, H. -J., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Mayotte, E., Mayotte, S., Mazur, P. O., Medina-Tanco, G., Meinert, J., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Merx, C., Michal, S., Micheletti, M. I., Miramonti, L., Mogarkar, M., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morejon, L., Mulrey, K., Mussa, R., Namasaka, W. M., Negi, S., Nellen, L., Nguyen, K., Nicora, G., Niechciol, M., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novikov, A., Novotny, V., Nožka, L., Nucita, A., Núñez, L. A., Ochoa, J., Oliveira, C., Östman, L., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Panja, S., Parente, G., Paulsen, T., Pawlowsky, J., Pech, M., Pękala, J., Pelayo, R., Pelgrims, V., Pereira, L. A. S., Martins, E. E. Pereira, Bertolli, C. Pérez, Perrone, L., Petrera, S., Petrucci, C., Pierog, T., Pimenta, M., Platino, M., Pont, B., Shahvar, M. Pourmohammad, Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Pytel, K., Querchfeld, S., Rautenberg, J., Ravignani, D., Akim, J. V. Reginatto, Reuzki, A., Ridky, J., Riehn, F., Risse, M., Rizi, V., Rodriguez, E., Fernandez, G. Rodriguez, Rojo, J. Rodriguez, Roncoroni, M. J., Rossoni, S., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Saftoiu, A., Saharan, M., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Salina, G., Sampathkumar, P., Martin, N. San, Gomez, J. D. Sanabria, Sánchez, F., Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarmento, R., Sato, R., Savina, P., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schimassek, M., Schimp, M., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schoorlemmer, H., Schovánek, P., Schröder, F. G., Schulte, J., Schulz, T., Sciutto, S. J., Scornavacche, M., Sedoski, A., Segreto, A., Sehgal, S., Shivashankara, S. U., Sigl, G., Simkova, K., Simon, F., Šmída, R., Sommers, P., Squartini, R., Stadelmaier, M., Stanič, S., Stasielak, J., Stassi, P., Strähnz, S., Straub, M., Suomijärvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Svozilikova, Z., Szadkowski, Z., Tairli, F., Tapia, A., Taricco, C., Timmermans, C., Tkachenko, O., Tobiska, P., Peixoto, C. J. Todero, Tomé, B., Travaini, A., Travnicek, P., Tueros, M., Unger, M., Uzeiroska, R., Vaclavek, L., Vacula, M., Vaiman, I., Galicia, J. F. Valdés, Valore, L., Varela, E., Vašíčková, V., Vásquez-Ramírez, A., Veberič, D., Quispe, I. D. Vergara, Verpoest, S., Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Vink, J., Vorobiov, S., Vuta, J. B., Watanabe, C., Watson, A. A., Weindl, A., Weitz, M., Wiencke, L., Wilczyński, H., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Yue, B., Yushkov, A., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., and Zavrtanik, M. more...
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: Diffuse photons of energy above 0.1 PeV, produced through the interactions between cosmic rays and either interstellar matter or background radiation fields, are powerful tracers of the distribution of cosmic rays in the Galaxy. Furthermore, the measurement of a diffuse photon flux would be an important probe to test models of super-heavy dark matter decaying into gamma-rays. In this work, we search for a diffuse photon flux in the energy range between 50 PeV and 200 PeV using data from the Pierre Auger Observatory. For the first time, we combine the air-shower measurements from a 2 km$^2$ surface array consisting of 19 water-Cherenkov surface detectors, spaced at 433 m, with the muon measurements from an array of buried scintillators placed in the same area. Using 15 months of data, collected while the array was still under construction, we derive upper limits to the integral photon flux ranging from 13.3 to 13.8 km$^{-2}$ sr$^{-1}$ yr$^{-1}$ above tens of PeV. We extend the Pierre Auger Observatory photon search program towards lower energies, covering more than three decades of cosmic-ray energy. This work lays the foundation for future diffuse photon searches: with the data from the next 10 years of operation of the Observatory, this limit is expected to improve by a factor of $\sim$20., Comment: Submitted to JCAP more...
Published: 2025

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3. Study of long-term spectral evolution and X-ray and Gamma-ray correlation of blazars seen by HAWC

Author: Alfaro, R., Alvarez, C., Andrés, A., Arteaga-Velázquez, J. C., Rojas, D. Avila, Solares, H. A. Ayala, Babu, R., Belmont-Moreno, E., Bernal, A., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Capistrán, T., Carramiñana, A., Carreón, F., Casanova, S., Cotti, U., Cotzomi, J., de León, S. Coutiño, De la Fuente, E., Depaoli, D., Di Lalla, N., Hernandez, R. Diaz, Dingus, B. L., DuVernois, M. A., Durocher, M., Díaz-Vélez, J. C., Engel, K., Espinoza, C., Fan, K. L., Fraija, N., Fraija, S., García-González, J. A., Garfias, F., Muñoz, A. Gonzalez, González, M. M., Goodman, J. A., Groetsch, S., Harding, J. P., Hernández-Cadena, S., Herzog, I., Huang, D., Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, F., Iriarte, A., Joshi, V., Kaufmann, S., Kieda, D., Lara, A., Lee, W. H., Lee, J., Vargas, H. León, Linnemann, J. T., Longinotti, A. L., Luis-Raya, G., Malone, K., Martinez, O., Martinez-Castellanos, I., Martínez-Castro, J., Matthews, J. A., Miranda-Romagnoli, P., Montes, J. A., Moreno, E., Mostafá, M., Nayerhoda, A., Nellen, L., Nisa, M. U., Noriega-Papaqui, R., Omodei, N., Osorio, M., Araujo, Y. Pérez, Pérez-Pérez, E. G., Rho, C. D., Rosa-González, D., Ruiz-Velasco, E., Salazar, H., Salazar-Gallegos, D., Sandoval, A., Schneider, M., Serna-Franco, J., Smith, A. J., Son, Y., Springer, R. W., Tibolla, O., Tollefson, K., Torres, I., Torres-Escobedo, R., Turner, R., Ureña-Mena, F., Varela, E., Villaseñor, L., Wang, X., Watson, I. J., Whitaker, K., Willox, E., Yun-Cárcamo, S., Zhou, H., de León, C., Falcone, Abraham D., and Hancock, Fredric more...
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: The HAWC Observatory collected 6 years of extensive data, providing an ideal platform for long-term monitoring of blazars in the Very High Energy (VHE) band, without bias towards specific flux states. HAWC continuously monitors blazar activity at TeV energies, focusing on sources with a redshift of {z \lt 0.3}, based on the Third Fermi-LAT Catalog of High-Energy sources. We specifically focused our analysis on Mrk 421 and Mrk 501, as they are the brightest blazars observed by the HAWC Observatory. With a dataset of 2143 days, this work significantly extends the monitoring previously published, which was based on 511 days of observation. By utilizing HAWC data for the VHE {\gamma}-ray emission in the 300 GeV to 100 TeV energy range, in conjunction with Swift-XRT data for the 0.3 to 10 keV X-ray emission, we aim to explore potential correlations between these two bands. For Mrk 501, we found evidence of a long-term correlation. Additionally, we identified a period in the light curve where the flux was very low for more than two years. On the other hand, our analysis of Mrk 421 measured a strong linear correlation for quasi-simultaneous observations collected by HAWC and Swift-XRT. This result is consistent with a linear dependence and a multiple-zone synchrotron self-Compton model to explain the X-ray and the {\gamma}-ray emission. Finally, as suggested by previous findings, we confirm a harder-when-brighter behavior in the spectral evolution of the flux properties for Mrk 421. These findings contribute to the understanding of blazar emissions and their underlying mechanisms. more...
Published: 2025

4. Study of the IC 443 region with the HAWC observatory

Author: Alfaro, R., Alvarez, C., Araya, M., Arteaga-Velázquez, J. C., Rojas, D. Avila, Solares, H. A. Ayala, Babu, R., Bernal, A., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Capistran, T., Carramiñana, A., Casanova, S., Cotti, U., Cotzomi, J., de León, S. Coutiño, De la Fuente, E., Depaoli, D., Desiati, P., Di Lalla, N., Hernandez, R. Diaz, Dingus, B. L., DuVernois, M. A., Díaz-Vélez, J. C., Ergin, T., Espinoza, C., Fang, K., Fraija, N., Fraija, S., García-González, J. A., Goksu, H., González-Cervera, J. A., González, M. M., Goodman, J. A., Groetsch, S., Harding, J. P., Hernández-Cadena, S., Herzog, I., Hinton, J., Huang, D., Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, F., Hüntemeyer, P., Kaufmann, S., Lara, A., Lee, J., Vargas, H. León, Linnemann, J. T., Longinotti, A. L., Luis-Raya, G., Malone, K., Martinez, O., Martínez-Castro, J., Matthews, J. A., Miranda-Romagnoli, P., Montes, J. A., Morales-Soto, J. A., Moreno, E., Mostafá, M., Najafi, M., Nellen, L., Nisa, M. U., Noriega-Papaqui, R., Olivera-Nieto, L., Omodei, N., Osorio, M., Ponce, E., Araujo, Y. Pérez, Pérez-Pérez, E. G., Rho, C. D., Rosa-González, D., Roth, M., Ruiz-Velasco, E., Salazar, H., Sandoval, A., Schneider, M., Schwefer, G., Serna-Franco, J., Smith, A. J., Son, Y., Springer, R. W., Tibolla, O., Tollefson, K., Torres, I., Torres-Escobedo, R., Turner, R., Wang, X., Wang, Z., Watson, I. J., Wu, H., Yu, S., Yun-Cárcamo, S., Zhou, H., and de León, C. more...
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: Context. Supernova remnants are one potential source class considered a PeVatron (i.e. capable of accelerating cosmic rays above PeV energies). The shock fronts produced after the explosion of the supernova are ideal regions for particle acceleration. IC 443 is a supernova remnant that has been studied extensively at different wavelengths. We study this region using very-high-energy gamma-ray data. Aims. We explore the region of IC 443 using 2966 days of gamma-ray data from the HAWC observatory. We study the emission of this supernova remnant and search for signatures that would show acceleration of (hadronic) cosmic rays at the PeV range. Methods. We use the maximum likelihood estimation and a likelihood ratio test to perform a multi-source fitting search. We find the best-fit morphology and spectrum of the IC 443 region above $\sim$300 GeV that best describes the HAWC data. Results. We observe a point source located at ($\alpha$=94.42$^{\circ}$, $\delta$=22.35$^{\circ}$) that we associate with IC 443. The measured spectrum is a simple power law with an index of -3.14$\pm$0.18, which is consistent with previous TeV observations. We also find a new extended component in the region whose emission is described by a simple power law with an index of -2.49$\pm$0.08 and which we call HAWC J0615+2213. Conclusions. Although we cannot confirm that IC 443 is a hadronic PeVatron, we do not find any sign that the spectrum has a cut off at tens of TeV energies, with the spectrum extending to $\sim$30 TeV. Furthermore, we find a new extended source in the region. While we show evidence that this new source might be a new TeV halo, we defer a detailed analysis of this new source to another publication. more...
Published: 2025

5. The Challenges of Scaling up Effective Child-Rearing Practices Using Technology in Developing Settings: Experimental Evidence from India. EdWorkingPaper No. 24-964

Author: Annenberg Institute for School Reform at Brown University, Irma Arteaga, Andreas de Barros, and Alejandro J. Ganimian
Abstract: Home-visitation programs have improved child development in low- and middle-income countries, but they are costly to scale due to their reliance on trained workers. We evaluated an inexpensive and low-tech alternative with 2,433 caregivers of children aged 6 to 30 months served by 250 public childcare centers in Uttarakhand, India: automated phone calls offering parenting advice. The intervention was implemented largely as intended, with more than two-thirds of caregivers completing at least 10 calls. Yet, counter to expectations, it had negative but statistically insignificant effects on caregivers' knowledge and interactions with their children, reduced their self-efficacy (by 0.11 standard deviations), and increased their anxiety (by 0.10 standard deviations). Consistent with this pattern, it had precisely estimated null effects on children's development and language. An analysis of program materials suggests four reasons why the program may not have had the desired effects. [Funding for this paper came from The Agency Fund and the Institute for Human Development and Social Change at New York University.] more...
Published: 2024

6. Designing the First Pregnancy Guaranteed Income Program in the United States: Qualitative Needs Assessment and Human-Centered Design to Develop the Abundant Birth Project.

Author: Karasek, Deborah, Williams, Jazzmin, Taylor, Michaela, De La Cruz, Monica, Arteaga, Stephanie, Bell, Sabra, Castillo, Esperanza, Chand, Maile, Coats, Anjeanette, Hubbard, Erin, Love-Goodlett, Latriece, Powell, Breezy, Spellen, Solaire, Malawa, Zea, and Gomez, Anu more...
Subjects: Abundant Birth Project, Black, behavioral interventions, community-centered, economics, financial stress, first pregnancy, infant, infant health, maternal and child health, pregnancy, programs (evaluation and funding), public health, qualitative research methods, racial health, Humans, Female, Pregnancy, Needs Assessment, United States, Adult, Income, San Francisco, Qualitative Research, Focus Groups, Program Development, Social Determinants of Health
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Racial inequities in pregnancy outcomes persist despite investments in clinical, educational, and behavioral interventions, indicating that a new approach is needed to address the root causes of health disparities. Guaranteed income during pregnancy has the potential to narrow racial health inequities for birthing people and infants by alleviating financial stress. OBJECTIVE: We describe community-driven formative research to design the first pregnancy-guaranteed income program in the United States-the Abundant Birth Project (ABP). Informed by birth equity and social determinants of health perspectives, ABP targets upstream structural factors to improve racial disparities in maternal and infant health. METHODS: The research team included community researchers, community members with lived experience as Black or Pacific Islander pregnant, and parenting people in the San Francisco Bay Area. The team conducted needs assessment interviews and facilitated focus groups with participants using human-centered design methods. Needs assessment participants later served as co-designers of the ABP program and research, sharing their experiences with financial hardships and government benefits programs and providing recommendations on key program elements, including fund disbursement, eligibility, and amount. RESULTS: Housing affordability and the high cost of living in San Francisco emerged as significant sources of stress in pregnancy. Participants reported prohibitively low income eligibility thresholds and burdensome enrollment processes as challenges or barriers to existing social services. These insights guided the design of prototypes of ABPs program components, which were used in a design sprint to determine the final components. Based on this design process, the ABP program offered US $1000/month for 12 months to pregnant Black and Pacific Islander people, selected through a lottery called an abundance drawing. CONCLUSIONS: The formative design process maximized community input and shared decision-making to co-design a guaranteed income program for Black and Pacific Islander women and people. Our upstream approach and community research model can inform the development of public health and social service programs. more...
Published: 2025

7. Using Machine Bias To Measure Human Bias

Author: Dong, Wanxue, De-Arteaga, Maria, and Saar-Tsechansky, Maytal
Subjects: Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract: Biased human decisions have consequential impacts across various domains, yielding unfair treatment of individuals and resulting in suboptimal outcomes for organizations and society. In recognition of this fact, organizations regularly design and deploy interventions aimed at mitigating these biases. However, measuring human decision biases remains an important but elusive task. Organizations are frequently concerned with mistaken decisions disproportionately affecting one group. In practice, however, this is typically not possible to assess due to the scarcity of a gold standard: a label that indicates what the correct decision would have been. In this work, we propose a machine learning-based framework to assess bias in human-generated decisions when gold standard labels are scarce. We provide theoretical guarantees and empirical evidence demonstrating the superiority of our method over existing alternatives. This proposed methodology establishes a foundation for transparency in human decision-making, carrying substantial implications for managerial duties, and offering potential for alleviating algorithmic biases when human decisions are used as labels to train algorithms. more...
Published: 2024

8. Spectral study of very high energy gamma rays from SS 433 with HAWC

Author: Alfaro, R., Alvarez, C., Arteaga-Velázquez, J. C., Rojas, D. Avila, Solares, H. A. Ayala, Babu, R., Belmont-Moreno, E., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Capistrán, T., Carramiñana, A., Casanova, S., Cotzomi, J., De la Fuente, E., Depaoli, D., Di Lalla, N., Hernandez, R. Diaz, Dingus, B. L ., DuVernois, M. A., Engel, K., Ergin, T., Espinoza, C ., Fan, K. L., Fang, K., Fraija, N., Fraija, S., García-González, J. A., Muñoz, A. González, González, M. M., Goodman, J. A., Groetsch, S., Harding, J. P., Hernández-Cadena, S., Herzog, I., Huang, D., Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, F., Hüntemeyer, P., Iriarte, A., Kaufmann, S., Lara, A ., Lee, W. H., Lee, J., de León, C., Vargas, H. León, Longinotti, A. L., Luis-Raya, G., Malone, K., Martínez-Castro, J., Matthews, J. A., Miranda-Romagnoli, P., Montes, J. A., Moreno, E., Mostafá, M., Nellen, L., Nisa, M. U ., Noriega-Papaqui, R ., Araujo, Y. Pérez, Pérez-Pérez, E. G., Rho, C. D., Rosa-González, D., Ruiz-Velasco, E ., Salazar, H., Sandoval, A., Schneider, M., Serna-Franco, J., Smith, A. J., Son, Y., Springer, R. W ., Tibolla, O., Tollefson, K., Torres, I., Torres-Escobedo, R., Turner, R., Ureña-Mena, F., Varela, E ., Villaseñor, L., Wang, X., Wang, Z., Watson, I. J., Yu, S ., Yun-Cárcamo, S., and Zhou, H. more...
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: Very-high-energy (0.1-100 TeV) gamma-ray emission was observed in HAWC data from the lobes of the microquasar SS 433, making them the first set of astrophysical jets that were resolved at TeV energies. In this work, we update the analysis of SS 433 using 2,565 days of data from the High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) observatory. Our analysis reports the detection of a point-like source in the east lobe at a significance of $6.6\,\sigma$ and in the west lobe at a significance of $8.2\,\sigma$. For each jet lobe, we localize the gamma-ray emission and identify a best-fit position. The locations are close to the X-ray emission sites "e1" and "w1" for the east and west lobes, respectively. We analyze the spectral energy distributions and find that the energy spectra of the lobes are consistent with a simple power-law $\text{d}N/\text{d}E\propto E^{\alpha}$ with $\alpha = -2.44^{+0.13+0.04}_{-0.12-0.04}$ and $\alpha = -2.35^{+0.12+0.03}_{-0.11-0.03}$ for the east and west lobes, respectively. The maximum energy of photons from the east and west lobes reaches 56 TeV and 123 TeV, respectively. We compare our observations to various models and conclude that the very-high-energy gamma-ray emission can be produced by a population of electrons that were efficiently accelerated. more...
Published: 2024
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9. Ultra-High-Energy Gamma-Ray Bubble around Microquasar V4641 Sgr

Author: Alfaro, R., Alvarez, C., Arteaga-Velázquez, J. C., Rojas, D. Avila, Solares, H. A. Ayala, Babu, R., Belmont-Moreno, E., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Capistrán, T., Carramiñana, A., Casanova, S., Cotti, U., Cotzomi, J., de León, S. Coutiño, De la Fuente, E., Depaoli, D., Di Lalla, N., Hernandez, R. Diaz, Dingus, B. L., DuVernois, M. A., Durocher, M., Díaz-Vélez, J. C., Engel, K., Espinoza, C., Fan, K. L., Fang, K., Fraija, N., Fraija, S., García-González, J. A., Garfias, F., Muñoz, A. Gonzalez, González, M. M., Goodman, J. A., Groetsch, S., Harding, J. P., Herzog, I., Hinton, J., Huang, D., Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, F., Hüntemeyer, P., Iriarte, A., Joshi, V., Kaufmann, S., Kieda, D., de León, C., Lee, J., Vargas, H. León, Linnemann, J. T., Longinotti, A. L., Luis-Raya, G., Malone, K., Martinez, O., Martínez-Castro, J., Matthews, J. A., Miranda-Romagnoli, P., Morales-Soto, J. A., Moreno, E., Mostafá, M., Nayerhoda, A., Nellen, L., Newbold, M., Nisa, M. U., Noriega-Papaqui, R., Olivera-Nieto, L., Omodei, N., Osorio, M., Araujo, Y. Pérez, Pérez-Pérez, E. G., Rho, C. D., Rosa-González, D., Ruiz-Velasco, E., Salazar, H., Salazar-Gallegos, D., Sandoval, A., Schneider, M., Serna-Franco, J., Smith, A. J., Son, Y., Springer, R. W., Tibolla, O., Tollefson, K., Torres, I., Torres-Escobedo, R., Turner, R., Ureña-Mena, F., Varela, E., Villaseñor, L., Wang, X., Watson, I. J., Willox, E., Yun-Cárcamo, S., and Zhou, H. more...
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: Microquasars are laboratories for the study of jets of relativistic particles produced by accretion onto a spinning black hole. Microquasars are near enough to allow detailed imaging of spatial features across the multiwavelength spectrum. The recent extension of the spatial morphology of a microquasar, SS 433, to TeV gamma rays \cite{abeysekara2018very} localizes the acceleration of electrons at shocks in the jet far from the black hole \cite{hess2024ss433}. Here we report TeV gamma-ray emission from another microquasar, V4641~Sgr, which reveals particle acceleration at similar distances from the black hole as SS~433. Additionally, the gamma-ray spectrum of V4641 is among the hardest TeV spectra observed from any known gamma-ray source and is detected up to 200 TeV. Gamma rays are produced by particles, either electrons or hadrons, of higher energies. Because electrons lose energy more quickly the higher their energy, such a spectrum either very strongly constrains the electron production mechanism or points to the acceleration of high-energy hadrons. This observation suggests that large-scale jets from microquasars could be more common than previously expected and that microquasars could be a significant source of Galactic cosmic rays. high energy gamma-rays also provide unique constraints on the acceleration mechanisms of extra-Galactic cosmic rays postulated to be produced by the supermassive black holes and relativistic jets of quasars. The distance to quasars limits imaging studies due to insufficient angular resolution of gamma-rays and due to attenuation of the highest energy gamma-rays by the extragalactic background light. more...
Published: 2024
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10. It's Not Indoctrination, It's Criticality: Using Curriculum to Explore Complex Ideas around Race and Social Justice

Author: María Luisa García Underwood and Reshma Ramkellawan-Arteaga
Abstract: This article addresses the challenges and importance of integrating discussions on race and social justice into the classroom. Considering recent legislative actions in various states aimed at restricting such discussions, the article presents an empowering framework designed to support educators in facilitating these conversations. This framework, rooted in culturally responsive pedagogy, offers practical tools and guiding questions to help teachers create an environment that encourages inquiry and exploration of racial complexities without imposing personal viewpoints. The framework aims to move beyond simply identifying disparities to examining systems of oppression and encouraging students to take action. Feedback from teachers who implemented this framework shows significant improvements in their comfort and proficiency in discussing racial issues with students, instilling a sense of confidence and capability. The article also highlights the importance of self-reflection and continuous learning for teachers to lead these conversations effectively. It underscores the need for educators to develop strategies that allow students to engage critically with racial topics and employ counter-narratives to challenge discriminatory rhetoric. In conclusion, the article calls for a concerted effort in teacher education to counteract the resistance to racial equity discussions. more...
Published: 2024

11. Gravitational waves and black holes from the phase transition in models of dynamical symmetry breaking

Author: Arteaga, Martín, Ghoshal, Anish, and Strumia, Alessandro
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: Theories of dynamical electroweak symmetry breaking predict a strong first order cosmological phase transition: we compute the resulting signals, primordial black holes and gravitational waves. These theories employ one SM-neutral scalar, plus some extra model-dependent particle to get the desired quantum potential out of classical scale invariance. We consider models where the extra particle is a scalar singlet, or vectors of an extended U(1) or SU(2) gauge sector. In models where the extra particle is stable, it provides a particle Dark Matter candidate with freeze-out abundance that tends to dominate over primordial black holes. These can instead be DM in models without a particle DM candidate. Gravitational waves arise at a level observable in future searches, even in regions where DM cannot be directly tested., Comment: 23 pages. v2: references added, gravitational waves frequency corrected. Webinar presentation: https://youtu.be/36hLkgREOrA more...
Published: 2024

12. Hallucination Detection in LLMs: Fast and Memory-Efficient Fine-Tuned Models

Author: Arteaga, Gabriel Y., Schön, Thomas B., and Pielawski, Nicolas
Subjects: Computer Science - Machine Learning, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Computation and Language
Abstract: Uncertainty estimation is a necessary component when implementing AI in high-risk settings, such as autonomous cars, medicine, or insurances. Large Language Models (LLMs) have seen a surge in popularity in recent years, but they are subject to hallucinations, which may cause serious harm in high-risk settings. Despite their success, LLMs are expensive to train and run: they need a large amount of computations and memory, preventing the use of ensembling methods in practice. In this work, we present a novel method that allows for fast and memory-friendly training of LLM ensembles. We show that the resulting ensembles can detect hallucinations and are a viable approach in practice as only one GPU is needed for training and inference., Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures more...
Published: 2024

13. Galapagos: Automated N-Version Programming with LLMs

Author: Ron, Javier, Gaspar, Diogo, Cabrera-Arteaga, Javier, Baudry, Benoit, and Monperrus, Martin
Subjects: Computer Science - Software Engineering
Abstract: N-Version Programming is a well-known methodology for developing fault-tolerant systems. It achieves fault detection and correction at runtime by adding diverse redundancy into programs, minimizing fault mode overlap between redundant program variants. In this work, we propose the automated generation of program variants using large language models. We design, develop and evaluate Gal\'apagos: a tool for generating program variants using LLMs, validating their correctness and equivalence, and using them to assemble N-Version binaries. We evaluate Gal\'apagos by creating N-Version components of real-world C code. Our original results show that Gal\'apagos can produce program variants that are proven to be functionally equivalent, even when the variants are written in a different programming language. Our systematic diversity measurement indicates that functionally equivalent variants produced by Gal\'apagos, are statically different after compilation, and present diverging internal behavior at runtime. We demonstrate that the variants produced by Gal\'apagos can protect C code against real miscompilation bugs which affect the Clang compiler. Overall, our paper shows that producing N-Version software can be drastically automated by advanced usage of practical formal verification and generative language models. more...
Published: 2024

14. Large-scale cosmic ray anisotropies with 19 years of data from the Pierre Auger Observatory

Author: The Pierre Auger Collaboration, Halim, A. Abdul, Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Allekotte, I., Cheminant, K. Almeida, Almela, A., Aloisio, R., Alvarez-Muñiz, J., Ambrosone, A., Yebra, J. Ammerman, Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Dourado, L. Andrade, Andringa, S., Apollonio, L., Aramo, C., Ferreira, P. R. Araújo, Arnone, E., Velázquez, J. C. Arteaga, Assis, P., Avila, G., Avocone, E., Bakalova, A., Barbato, F., Mocellin, A. Bartz, Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bhatta, G., Bianciotto, M., Biermann, P. L., Binet, V., Bismark, K., Bister, T., Biteau, J., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Blümer, J., Boháčová, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Arbeletche, L. Bonneau, Borodai, N., Brack, J., Orchera, P. G. Brichetto, Briechle, F. L., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Büsken, M., Bwembya, A., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Cabana-Freire, S., Caccianiga, L., Campuzano, F., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Catalani, F., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cerda, M., Čermáková, B., Cermenati, A., Chinellato, J. A., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Clay, R. W., Cerutti, A. C. Cobos, Colalillo, R., Conceição, R., Condorelli, A., Consolati, G., Conte, M., Convenga, F., Santos, D. Correia dos, Costa, P. J., Covault, C. E., Cristinziani, M., Sanchez, C. S. Cruz, Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., de Almeida, R. M., de Errico, B., de Jesús, J., de Jong, S. J., Neto, J. R. T. de Mello, De Mitri, I., de Oliveira, J., Franco, D. de Oliveira, de Palma, F., de Souza, V., De Vito, E., Del Popolo, A., Deligny, O., Denner, N., Deval, L., di Matteo, A., Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J. C., Mendes, L. M. Domingues, Dorosti, Q., Anjos, J. C. dos, Anjos, R. C. dos, Ebr, J., Ellwanger, F., Emam, M., Engel, R., Epicoco, I., Erdmann, M., Etchegoyen, A., Evoli, C., Falcke, H., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fehler, T., Feldbusch, F., Fernandes, A., Fick, B., Figueira, J. M., Filip, P., Filipčič, A., Fitoussi, T., Flaggs, B., Fodran, T., Freitas, M., Fujii, T., Fuster, A., Galea, C., García, B., Gaudu, C., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Gobbi, F., Gollan, F., Golup, G., Berisso, M. Gómez, Vitale, P. F. Gómez, Gongora, J. P., González, J. M., González, N., Góra, D., Gorgi, A., Gottowik, M., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Guido, E., Gülzow, L., Hahn, S., Hamal, P., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harvey, V. M., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Hojvat, C., Hörandel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovský, M., Huege, T., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Janecek, P., Jilek, V., Jurysek, J., Kampert, K. -H., Keilhauer, B., Khakurdikar, A., Covilakam, V. V. Kizakke, Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Knapp, F., Köhler, J., Krieger, F., Kubatova, M., Kunka, N., Lago, B. L., Langner, N., de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui, Lema-Capeans, Y., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Lopes, L., Lundquist, J. P., Payeras, A. Machado, Mandat, D., Manning, B. C., Mantsch, P., Mariani, F. M., Mariazzi, A. G., Mariş, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinelli, S., Bravo, O. Martínez, Martins, M. A., Mathes, H. -J., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Mayotte, E., Mayotte, S., Mazur, P. O., Medina-Tanco, G., Meinert, J., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Merx, C., Michal, S., Micheletti, M. I., Miramonti, L., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morejon, L., Mulrey, K., Mussa, R., Namasaka, W. M., Negi, S., Nellen, L., Nguyen, K., Nicora, G., Niechciol, M., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nožka, L., Nucita, A., Núñez, L. A., Oliveira, C., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Panja, S., Parente, G., Paulsen, T., Pawlowsky, J., Pech, M., Pękala, J., Pelayo, R., Pelgrims, V., Pereira, L. A. S., Martins, E. E. Pereira, Bertolli, C. Pérez, Perrone, L., Petrera, S., Petrucci, C., Pierog, T., Pimenta, M., Platino, M., Pont, B., Pothast, M., Shahvar, M. Pourmohammad, Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Querchfeld, S., Rautenberg, J., Ravignani, D., Akim, J. V. Reginatto, Reuzki, A., Ridky, J., Riehn, F., Risse, M., Rizi, V., Rodriguez, E., Rojo, J. Rodriguez, Roncoroni, M. J., Rossoni, S., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Saftoiu, A., Saharan, M., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Salina, G., Sampathkumar, P., Gomez, J. D. Sanabria, Sánchez, F., Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarmento, R., Sato, R., Schäfer, C. M., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schimassek, M., Schimp, M., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schoorlemmer, H., Schovánek, P., Schröder, F. G., Schulte, J., Schulz, T., Sciutto, S. J., Scornavacche, M., Sedoski, A., Segreto, A., Sehgal, S., Shivashankara, S. U., Sigl, G., Simkova, K., Simon, F., Šmída, R., Sommers, P., Squartini, R., Stadelmaier, M., Stanič, S., Stasielak, J., Stassi, P., Strähnz, S., Straub, M., Suomijärvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Svozilikova, Z., Szadkowski, Z., Tairli, F., Tapia, A., Taricco, C., Timmermans, C., Tkachenko, O., Tobiska, P., Peixoto, C. J. Todero, Tomé, B., Torrès, Z., Travaini, A., Travnicek, P., Tueros, M., Unger, M., Uzeiroska, R., Vaclavek, L., Vacula, M., Galicia, J. F. Valdés, Valore, L., Varela, E., Vašíčková, V., Vásquez-Ramírez, A., Veberič, D., Quispe, I. D. Vergara, Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Vink, J., Vorobiov, S., Watanabe, C., Watson, A. A., Weindl, A., Weitz, M., Wiencke, L., Wilczyński, H., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Yue, B., Yushkov, A., Zapparrata, O., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., and Zavrtanik, M. more...
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: Results are presented for the measurement of large-scale anisotropies in the arrival directions of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays detected at the Pierre Auger Observatory during 19 years of operation, prior to AugerPrime, the upgrade of the Observatory. The 3D dipole amplitude and direction are reconstructed above $4\,$EeV in four energy bins. Besides the established dipolar anisotropy in right ascension above $8\,$EeV, the Fourier amplitude of the $8$ to $16\,$EeV energy bin is now also above the $5\sigma$ discovery level. No time variation of the dipole moment above $8\,$EeV is found, setting an upper limit to the rate of change of such variations of $0.3\%$ per year at the $95\%$ confidence level. Additionally, the results for the angular power spectrum are shown, demonstrating no other statistically significant multipoles. The results for the equatorial dipole component down to $0.03\,$EeV are presented, using for the first time a data set obtained with a trigger that has been optimized for lower energies. Finally, model predictions are discussed and compared with observations, based on two source emission scenarios obtained in the combined fit of spectrum and composition above $0.6\,$EeV., Comment: Minor typo in table 4 corrected more...
Published: 2024
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15. Polarimetric compressed sensing with hollow, self-assembled diffractive films

Author: Feng, Ji, Perry, Altai J., Weng, Xiaojing, Gonzalez-Alcalde, Alma K., Arteaga, Oriol, Mencagli, Mario J., and Vuong, Luat T.
Subjects: Physics - Optics
Abstract: Sensing light's polarization and wavefront direction enables surface curvature assessment, material identification, shadow differentiation, and improved image quality in turbid environments. Traditional polarization cameras utilize multiple sensor measurements per pixel and polarization-filtering optics, which result in reduced image resolution. We propose a nanophotonic pipeline that enables compressive sensing and reduces the sampling requirements with a low-refractive-index, self-assembled optical encoder. These nanostructures scatter light into lattice modes, which encode the wavefront direction and the polarization ellipticity in the linearly-polarized components of the diffracted, interference patterns. Combining optical encoders with a neural network, the system predicts pointing and polarization when the interference patterns are adequately sampled. A comparison of ``ordered'' and ``random'' optical encoders shows that the latter both blurs the interference patterns and achieves higher resolution. Our work centers on the unexpected modulation and spatial multiplexing of incident light polarization by self-assembled hollow nanocavity arrays as a class of materials distinct from traditional metasurfaces that will not only enable encoding for polarization and optical computing but also for compressed sensing and imaging., Comment: 43 pages, 17 figures more...
Published: 2024

16. Fairly Accurate: Optimizing Accuracy Parity in Fair Target-Group Detection

Author: Gupta, Soumyajit, Kovatchev, Venelin, De-Arteaga, Maria, and Lease, Matthew
Subjects: Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract: In algorithmic toxicity detection pipelines, it is important to identify which demographic group(s) are the subject of a post, a task commonly known as \textit{target (group) detection}. While accurate detection is clearly important, we further advocate a fairness objective: to provide equal protection to all groups who may be targeted. To this end, we adopt \textit{Accuracy Parity} (AP) -- balanced detection accuracy across groups -- as our fairness objective. However, in order to align model training with our AP fairness objective, we require an equivalent loss function. Moreover, for gradient-based models such as neural networks, this loss function needs to be differentiable. Because no such loss function exists today for AP, we propose \emph{Group Accuracy Parity} (GAP): the first differentiable loss function having a one-on-one mapping to AP. We empirically show that GAP addresses disparate impact on groups for target detection. Furthermore, because a single post often targets multiple groups in practice, we also provide a mathematical extension of GAP to larger multi-group settings, something typically requiring heuristics in prior work. Our findings show that by optimizing AP, GAP better mitigates bias in comparison with other commonly employed loss functions. more...
Published: 2024

17. Testing the Molecular Cloud Paradigm for Ultra-High-Energy Gamma Ray Emission from the Direction of SNR G106.3+2.7

Author: Alfaro, R., Alvarez, C., Arteaga-Velázquez, J. C., Rojas, D. Avila, Solares, H. A. Ayala, Babu, R., Belmont-Moreno, E., Bernal, A., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Capistrán, T., Carramiñana, A., Casanova, S., Cotti, U., Cotzomi, J., de León, S. Coutiño, De la Fuente, E., de León, C., Depaoli, D., Desiati, P., Di Lalla, N., Hernandez, R. Diaz, Dingus, B. L., DuVernois, M. A., Engel, K., Ergin, T., Espinoza, C., Fan, K. L., Fang, K., Fraija, N., Fraija, S., García-González, J. A., Garfias, F., González, M. M., Goodman, J. A., Groetsch, S., Harding, J. P., Hernández-Cadena, S., Herzog, I., Hinton, J., Huang, D., Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, F., Humensky, T. B., Hüntemeyer, P., Kaufmann, S., Kieda, D., Lee, W. H., Lee, J., Vargas, H. León, Linnemann, J. T., Longinotti, A. L., Luis-Raya, G., Malone, K., Martinez, O., Martínez-Castro, J., Matthews, J. A., Miranda-Romagnoli, P., Montes, J. A., Moreno, E., Mostafá, M., Nellen, L., Nisa, M. U., Olivera-Nieto, L., Omodei, N., Araujo, Y. Pérez, Pérez-Pérez, E. G., Rho, C. D., Rosa-González, D., Salazar, H., Salazar-Gallegos, D., Sandoval, A., Schneider, M., Serna-Franco, J., Smith, A. J., Son, Y., Springer, R. W., Tibolla, O., Tollefson, K., Torres, I., Torres-Escobedo, R., Turner, R., Ureña-Mena, F., Varela, E., Villaseñor, L., Wang, X., Wang, Z., Watson, I. J., Willox, E., Yu, S., Yun-Cárcamo, S., and Zhou, H. more...
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: Supernova remnants (SNRs) are believed to be capable of accelerating cosmic rays (CRs) to PeV energies. SNR G106.3+2.7 is a prime PeVatron candidate. It is formed by a head region, where the pulsar J2229+6114 and its boomerang-shaped pulsar wind nebula are located, and a tail region containing SN ejecta. The lack of observed gamma ray emission from the two regions of this SNR has made it difficult to assess which region would be responsible for the PeV CRs. We aim to characterize the very-high-energy (VHE, 0.1-100 TeV) gamma ray emission from SNR G106.3+2.7 by determining the morphology and spectral energy distribution of the region. This is accomplished using 2565 days of data and improved reconstruction algorithms from the HAWC Observatory. We also explore possible gamma ray production mechanisms for different energy ranges. Using a multi-source fitting procedure based on a maximum-likelihood estimation method, we evaluate the complex nature of this region. We determine the morphology, spectrum, and energy range for the source found in the region. Molecular cloud information is also used to create a template and evaluate the HAWC gamma ray spectral properties at ultra-high-energies (UHE, >56 TeV). This will help probe the hadronic nature of the highest-energy emission from the region. We resolve one extended source coincident with all other gamma ray observations of the region. The emission reaches above 100~TeV and its preferred log-parabola shape in the spectrum shows a flux peak in the TeV range. The molecular cloud template fit on the higher energy data reveals that the SNR's energy budget is fully capable of producing a purely hadronic source for UHE gamma rays. more...
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

18. TeV Analysis of a Source Rich Region with HAWC Observatory: Is HESS J1809-193 a Potential Hadronic PeVatron?

Author: Albert, A., Alfaro, R., Alvarez, C., Arteaga-Velázquez, J. C., Rojas, D. Avila, Babu, R., Belmont-Moreno, E., Bernal, A., Breuhaus, M., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Capistrán, T., Carramiñana, A., Casanova, S., Cotzomi, J., De la Fuente, E., Depaoli, D., Di Lalla, N., Hernandez, R. Diaz, Dingus, B. L., DuVernois, M. A., Espinoza, C., Fan, K. L., Fang, K., Fick, B., Fraija, N., García-González, J. A., Garfias, F., Munoz, A. Gonzalez, González, M. M., Goodman, J. A., Groetsch, S., Harding, J. P., Hernández-Cadena, S., Herzog, I., Huang, D., Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, F., Hüntemeyer, P., Iriarte, A., Joshi, V., Kaufmann, S., Lara, A., Lee, J., Vargas, H. León, Longinotti, A. L., Luis-Raya, G., Malone, K., Martínez-Castro, J., Matthews, J. A., Miranda-Romagnoli, P., Montes, J. A., Morales-Soto, J. A., Moreno, E., Mostafá, M., Nellen, L., Newbold, M., Nisa, M. U., Noriega-Papaqui, R., Osorio, M., Araujo, Y. Pérez, Pérez-Pérez, E. G., Rho, C. D., Rosa-González, D., Ruiz-Velasco, E., Salazar, H., Sandoval, A., Schneider, M., Serna-Franco, J., Smith, A. J., Son, Y., Springer, R. W., Tibolla, O., Tollefson, K., Torres, I., Torres-Escobedo, R., Turner, R., Ureña-Mena, F., Varela, E., Wang, X., Watson, I. J., Willox, E., Yun-Cárcamo, S., and Zhou, H. more...
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: HESS J1809-193 is an unidentified TeV source, first detected by the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.) Collaboration. The emission originates in a source-rich region that includes several Supernova Remnants (SNR) and Pulsars (PSR) including SNR G11.1+0.1, SNR G11.0-0.0, and the young radio pulsar J1809-1917. Originally classified as a pulsar wind nebula (PWN) candidate, recent studies show the peak of the TeV region overlapping with a system of molecular clouds. This resulted in the revision of the original leptonic scenario to look for alternate hadronic scenarios. Marked as a potential PeVatron candidate, this region has been studied extensively by H.E.S.S. due to its emission extending up-to several tens of TeV. In this work, we use 2398 days of data from the High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) observatory to carry out a systematic source search for the HESS J1809-193 region. We were able to resolve emission detected as an extended component (modelled as a Symmetric Gaussian with a 1 $\sigma$ radius of 0.21 $^\circ$) with no clear cutoff at high energies and emitting photons up-to 210 TeV. We model the multi-wavelength observations for the region HESS J1809-193 using a time-dependent leptonic model and a lepto-hadronic model. Our model indicates that both scenarios could explain the observed data within the region of HESS J1809-193. more...
Published: 2024

19. The flux of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays along the supergalactic plane measured at the Pierre Auger Observatory

Author: The Pierre Auger Collaboration, Halim, A. Abdul, Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Allekotte, I., Cheminant, K. Almeida, Almela, A., Aloisio, R., Alvarez-Muñiz, J., Yebra, J. Ammerman, Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Dourado, L. Andrade, Andringa, S., Apollonio, L., Aramo, C., Ferreira, P. R. Araújo, Arnone, E., Velázquez, J. C. Arteaga, Assis, P., Avila, G., Avocone, E., Bakalova, A., Barbato, F., Mocellin, A. Bartz, Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bhatta, G., Bianciotto, M., Biermann, P. L., Binet, V., Bismark, K., Bister, T., Biteau, J., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Blümer, J., Boháčová, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Arbeletche, L. Bonneau, Borodai, N., Brack, J., Orchera, P. G. Brichetto, Briechle, F. L., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Büsken, M., Bwembya, A., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Cabana-Freire, S., Caccianiga, L., Campuzano, F., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Catalani, F., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cerda, M., Čermáková, B., Cermenati, A., Chinellato, J. A., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Clay, R. W., Cerutti, A. C. Cobos, Colalillo, R., Coluccia, M. R., Conceição, R., Condorelli, A., Consolati, G., Conte, M., Convenga, F., Santos, D. Correia dos, Costa, P. J., Covault, C. E., Cristinziani, M., Sanchez, C. S. Cruz, Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., de Almeida, R. M., de Errico, B., de Jesús, J., de Jong, S. J., Neto, J. R. T. de Mello, De Mitri, I., de Oliveira, J., Franco, D. de Oliveira, de Palma, F., de Souza, V., De Vito, E., Del Popolo, A., Deligny, O., Denner, N., Deval, L., di Matteo, A., Dobre, M., Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J. C., Mendes, L. M. Domingues, Dorosti, Q., Anjos, J. C. dos, Anjos, R. C. dos, Ebr, J., Ellwanger, F., Emam, M., Engel, R., Epicoco, I., Erdmann, M., Etchegoyen, A., Evoli, C., Falcke, H., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fehler, T., Feldbusch, F., Fenu, F., Fernandes, A., Fick, B., Figueira, J. M., Filip, P., Filipčič, A., Fitoussi, T., Flaggs, B., Fodran, T., Fujii, T., Fuster, A., Galea, C., García, B., Gaudu, C., Gherghel-Lascu, A., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Glombitza, J., Gobbi, F., Gollan, F., Golup, G., Berisso, M. Gómez, Vitale, P. F. Gómez, Gongora, J. P., González, J. M., González, N., Góra, D., Gorgi, A., Gottowik, M., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Guido, E., Gülzow, L., Hahn, S., Hamal, P., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harvey, V. M., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Hojvat, C., Hörandel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovský, M., Huege, T., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Janecek, P., Jilek, V., Johnsen, J. A., Jurysek, J., Kampert, K. -H., Keilhauer, B., Khakurdikar, A., Covilakam, V. V. Kizakke, Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Knapp, F., Köhler, J., Krieger, F., Kunka, N., Lago, B. L., Langner, N., de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui, Lema-Capeans, Y., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Lopes, L., Lu, L., Luce, Q., Lundquist, J. P., Payeras, A. Machado, Majercakova, M., Mandat, D., Manning, B. C., Mantsch, P., Mariani, F. M., Mariazzi, A. G., Mariş, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinelli, S., Bravo, O. Martínez, Martins, M. A., Mathes, H. -J., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Mayotte, E., Mayotte, S., Mazur, P. O., Medina-Tanco, G., Meinert, J., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Merx, C., Michal, S., Micheletti, M. I., Miramonti, L., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morejon, L., Mulrey, K., Mussa, R., Namasaka, W. M., Negi, S., Nellen, L., Nguyen, K., Nicora, G., Niechciol, M., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nožka, L., Nucita, A., Núñez, L. A., Oliveira, C., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Panja, S., Parente, G., Paulsen, T., Pawlowsky, J., Pech, M., Pękala, J., Pelayo, R., Pelgrims, V., Pereira, L. A. S., Martins, E. E. Pereira, Bertolli, C. Pérez, Perrone, L., Petrera, S., Petrucci, C., Pierog, T., Pimenta, M., Platino, M., Pont, B., Pothast, M., Shahvar, M. Pourmohammad, Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Querchfeld, S., Rautenberg, J., Ravignani, D., Akim, J. V. Reginatto, Reininghaus, M., Reuzki, A., Ridky, J., Riehn, F., Risse, M., Rizi, V., de Carvalho, W. Rodrigues, Rodriguez, E., Rojo, J. Rodriguez, Roncoroni, M. J., Rossoni, S., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Saftoiu, A., Saharan, M., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Salina, G., Gomez, J. D. Sanabria, Sánchez, F., Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarmento, R., Sato, R., Savina, P., Schäfer, C. M., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schimassek, M., Schimp, M., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schoorlemmer, H., Schovánek, P., Schröder, F. G., Schulte, J., Schulz, T., Sciutto, S. J., Scornavacche, M., Sedoski, A., Segreto, A., Sehgal, S., Shivashankara, S. U., Sigl, G., Simkova, K., Simon, F., Smau, R., Šmída, R., Sommers, P., Squartini, R., Stadelmaier, M., Stanič, S., Stasielak, J., Stassi, P., Strähnz, S., Straub, M., Suomijärvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Svozilikova, Z., Szadkowski, Z., Tairli, F., Tapia, A., Taricco, C., Timmermans, C., Tkachenko, O., Tobiska, P., Peixoto, C. J. Todero, Tomé, B., Torrès, Z., Travaini, A., Travnicek, P., Tueros, M., Unger, M., Uzeiroska, R., Vaclavek, L., Vacula, M., Galicia, J. F. Valdés, Valore, L., Varela, E., Vašíčková, V., Vásquez-Ramírez, A., Veberič, D., Quispe, I. D. Vergara, Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Vink, J., Vorobiov, S., Watanabe, C., Watson, A. A., Weindl, A., Wiencke, L., Wilczyński, H., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Yue, B., Yushkov, A., Zapparrata, O., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., and Zavrtanik, M. more...
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: Ultra-high-energy cosmic rays are known to be mainly of extragalactic origin, and their propagation is limited by energy losses, so their arrival directions are expected to correlate with the large-scale structure of the local Universe. In this work, we investigate the possible presence of intermediate-scale excesses in the flux of the most energetic cosmic rays from the direction of the supergalactic plane region using events with energies above 20 EeV recorded with the surface detector array of the Pierre Auger Observatory up to 31 December 2022, with a total exposure of 135,000 km^2 sr yr. The strongest indication for an excess that we find, with a post-trial significance of 3.1{\sigma}, is in the Centaurus region, as in our previous reports, and it extends down to lower energies than previously studied. We do not find any strong hints of excesses from any other region of the supergalactic plane at the same angular scale. In particular, our results do not confirm the reports by the Telescope Array collaboration of excesses from two regions in the Northern Hemisphere at the edge of the field of view of the Pierre Auger Observatory. With a comparable exposure, our results in those regions are in good agreement with the expectations from an isotropic distribution., Comment: submitted to ApJ more...
Published: 2024

20. Observation of the Galactic Center PeVatron Beyond 100 TeV with HAWC

Author: Albert, A., Alfaro, R., Alvarez, C., Andrés, A., Arteaga-Velázquez, J. C., Rojas, D. Avila, Solares, H. A. Ayala, Babu, R., Belmont-Moreno, E., Bernal, A., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Capistrán, T., Carramiñana, A., Casanova, S., Cotti, U., Cotzomi, J., de León, S. Coutiño, De la Fuente, E., de León, C., Depaoli, D., Di Lalla, N., Hernandez, R. Diaz, Dingus, B. L., DuVernois, M. A., Díaz-Vélez, J. C., Engel, K., Ergin, T., Espinoza, C., Fan, K. L., Fang, K., Fraija, N., Fraija, S., García-González, J. A., Garfias, F., Goksu, H., González, M. M., Goodman, J. A., Groetsch, S., Harding, J. P., Hernández-Cadena, S., Herzog, I., Hinton, J., Huang, D., Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, F., Humensky, T. B., Hüntemeyer, P., Iriarte, A., Kaufmann, S., Kieda, D., Lara, A., Lee, W. H., Lee, J., Vargas, H. León, Linnemann, J. T., Longinotti, A. L., Luis-Raya, G., Malone, K., Martinez, O., Martínez-Castro, J., Matthews, J. A., Miranda-Romagnoli, P., Montes, J. A., Morales-Soto, J. A., Moreno, E., Mostafá, M., Najafi, M., Nellen, L., Newbold, M., Nisa, M. U., Noriega-Papaqui, R., Olivera-Nieto, L., Omodei, N., Osorio-Archila, M., Araujo, Y. Pérez, Pérez-Pérez, E. G., Rho, C. D., Rosa-González, D., Ruiz-Velasco, E., Salazar, H., Salazar-Gallegos, D., Sandoval, A., Schneider, M., Schwefer, G., Serna-Franco, J., Smith, A. J., Son, Y., Springer, R. W., Tibolla, O., Tollefson, K., Torres, I., Torres-Escobedo, R., Turner, R., Ureña-Mena, F., Varela, E., Wang, X., Wang, Z., Watson, I. J., Willox, E., Wu, H., Yu, S., Yun-Cárcamo, S., and Zhou, H. more...
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: We report an observation of ultra-high energy (UHE) gamma rays from the Galactic Center region, using seven years of data collected by the High-Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) Observatory. The HAWC data are best described as a point-like source (HAWC J1746-2856) with a power-law spectrum ($\mathrm{d}N/\mathrm{d}E=\phi(E/26 \,\text{TeV})^{\gamma}$), where $\gamma=-2.88 \pm 0.15_{\text{stat}} - 0.1_{\text{sys}} $ and $\phi=1.5 \times 10^{-15}$ (TeV cm$^{2}$s)$^{-1}$ $\pm\, 0.3_{\text{stat}}\,^{+0.08_{\text{sys}}}_{-0.13_{\text{sys}}}$ extending from 6 to 114 TeV. We find no evidence of a spectral cutoff up to $100$ TeV using HAWC data. Two known point-like gamma-ray sources are spatially coincident with the HAWC gamma-ray excess: Sgr A$^{*}$ (HESS J1745-290) and the Arc (HESS J1746-285). We subtract the known flux contribution of these point sources from the measured flux of HAWC J1746-2856 to exclude their contamination and show that the excess observed by HAWC remains significant ($>$5$\sigma$) with the spectrum extending to $>$100 TeV. Our result supports that these detected UHE gamma rays can originate via hadronic interaction of PeV cosmic-ray protons with the dense ambient gas and confirms the presence of a proton PeVatron at the Galactic Center. more...
Published: 2024

21. Analysis of the Emission and Morphology of the Pulsar Wind Nebula Candidate HAWC J2031+415

Author: Alfaro, R., Alvarez, C., Arteaga-Velázquez, J. C., Rojas, D. Avila, Solares, H. A. Ayala, Babu, R., Belmont-Moreno, E., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Capistrán, T., Carramiñana, A., Casanova, S., Cotti, U., Cotzomi, J., de León, S. Coutiño, De la Fuente, E., de León, C., Depaoli, D., Di Lalla, N., Hernandez, R. Diaz, Dingus, B. L., DuVernois, M. A., Díaz-Vélez, J. C., Engel, K., Ergin, T., Espinoza, C., Fan, K. L., Fraija, N., García-González, J. A., González, M. M., Goodman, J. A., Groetsch, S., Harding, J. P., Hernández-Cadena, S., Herzog, I., Huang, D., Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, F., Hüntemeyer, P., Iriarte, A., Kaufmann, S., Lee, J., Vargas, H. León, Longinotti, A. L., Luis-Raya, G., Malone, K., Martínez-Castro, J., Matthews, J. A., Miranda-Romagnoli, P., Montes, . A., Moreno, E., Mostafá, M., Nellen, L., Newbold, M., Nisa, M. U., Noriega-Papaqui, R., Araujo, Y. Pérez, Pérez-Pérez, E. G., Rho, C. D., Rosa-González, D., Ruiz-Velasco, E., Salazar, H., Salazar-Gallegos, D., Sandoval, A., Schneider, M., Serna-Franco, J., Smith, A. J., Son, Y., Springer, R. W., Tibolla, O., Tollefson, K., Torres, I., Torres-Escobedo, R., Turner, R., Ureña-Mena, F., Varela, E., Villaseñor, L., Wang, X., Wang, Zhen, Watson, I. J., Yu, S., Yun-Cárcamo, S., and Zhou, H. more...
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: The first TeV gamma-ray source with no lower energy counterparts, TeV J2032+4130, was discovered by HEGRA. It appears in the third HAWC catalog as 3HWC J2031+415 and it is a bright TeV gamma-ray source whose emission has previously been resolved as 2 sources: HAWC J2031+415 and HAWC J2030+409. While HAWC J2030+409 has since been associated with the \emph{Fermi-LAT} Cygnus Cocoon, no such association for HAWC J2031+415 has yet been found. In this work, we investigate the spectrum and energy-dependent morphology of HAWC J2031+415. We associate HAWC J2031+415 with the pulsar PSR J2032+4127 and perform a combined multi-wavelength analysis using radio, X-ray, and $\gamma$-ray emission. We conclude that HAWC J2031+415 and, by extension, TeV J2032+4130 are most probably a pulsar wind nebula (PWN) powered by PSR J2032+4127. more...
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

22. Social Support Increases Resilience and Affect in Non-Displaced Ukrainians and Refugees After a Year of War /El Apoyo Social Aumenta la Resiliencia y el Afecto en Ucranianos no Desplazados y Refugiados Despues de un ano de Guerra

Author: Moret-Tatay, Carmen, Zharova, Iryna, Cloquell, Alex, Perez-Bermejo, Marcelino, Murphy, Mike, and Arteaga, Francisco
Published: 2025

23. Caracterización de funciones ejecutivas y del desempeño académico en estudiantes de Medicina de la Corporación Universitaria Remington, 2021

Author: Botero-Zapata, Víctor, Ospina-Uribe, Ana Carolina, Alejandro Barrera, Diego, García-Toro, Maritza, Arteaga, Aníbal, and Castro-Álvarez, John Fredy
Published: 2025
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24. Análisis de potencia-específica-vehicular y grado de la carretera en una ciudad a gran altitud

Author: Tipanluisa, Luis, Barros-Merchán, Nicolay Paúl, and Melo-Arteaga, Ángel Mauricio
Published: 2025
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25. Forced hydrolysis synthesis of a lanthanum oxyhydroxide/hydroxide-incorporated adsorbent for fluoride adsorption

Author: Arteaga-Larios, N. V., Ramírez-Muñíz, K. J., Bernal-Jácome, L. A., Berber-Mendoza, M. S., Garzón-Pérez, A. S., and Rodríguez, I.
Published: 2025
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26. ‘Weaving the pandemic’ to make the virus less scary: a performative approach to the making of handicrafts

Author: Varela Mattute, Ambar and Botello, Nelson Arteaga
Published: 2025
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27. The Influence of Average Effective Emissivity in the Determination of Radiance Temperature of a Surface

Author: Cywiak-Córdova, D., Cárdenas-García, D., Martines-López, E., and Rodríguez-Arteaga, H.
Published: 2025
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28. Pore size effect on corrosion resistance of highly porous Ti6Al4V/25Ta composites

Author: Macias, Rogelio, Garnica, Pedro, Villalobos, Julio Cesar, Avila-Olivera, Jorge Alejandro, Olmos, Luis, and Arteaga, Dante
Published: 2025
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29. Anatomical characterization of Fraxinus uhdei wood by coupling computed microtomography and SEM

Author: Rivera-Ramos, J. G., Cruz de León, J., Olmos, L., Espinoza-Herrera, R., and Arteaga, D.
Published: 2025
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30. Attack on the US Capitol: A Translation from the Mexican Civil Sphere

Author: Arteaga Botello, Nelson and Mejia Carrasco, Evelyn
Published: 2025
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31. Precision medicine results from equitable representation

Author: Gomez-Arteaga, Alexandra, Chokr, Nora, and Auletta, Jeffery J.
Published: 2025
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32. COVID-19 Impact On Black and Latina Women: Pregnancy and Parenting

Author: Carrasco, Zoe, Behimino, Aliyah, Jiles, Mariah, Taylor, Brianne, Clary, Chakiya, Negrete, Gabriela, Aponte, Andrea V., Butcher, Brittany D. Chambers, Gomez, Anu Manchikanti, and Arteaga, Stephanie
Published: 2025
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33. Nonlinear optical colloidal metacrystals

Author: Zhang, Ye, Xu, David D., Tanriover, Ibrahim, Zhou, Wenjie, Li, Yuanwei, López-Arteaga, Rafael, Aydin, Koray, and Mirkin, Chad A.
Published: 2025
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34. Effect of pH and temperature on the stability of the natural dye from the roselle flower (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) and its application in flavored milk

Author: Zuluaga-Vega, Juan, Fernández-Fernández, Johana, Santana-Fuentes, Nilson, Arteaga-Márquez, Margarita, De Paula, Claudia, Simanca-Sotelo, Mónica, Durango-Villadiego, Alba, Pastrana-Puche, Yenis, Álvarez-Badel, Beatriz, Bustamante-Vargas, Cindy, and Andrade-Pizarro, Ricardo more...
Published: 2025
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35. Applications of Information and Communication Technologies in the E-learning education modality (Electronic Learning)

Author: Guaña-Moya, Javier, Arteaga-Alcívar, Yamileth, Espinosa-Cevallos, Alejandra, Cusme-Vélez, Lorena, Minga-Ayabaca, Jeannina Maribel, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Gomide, Fernando, Advisory Editor, Kaynak, Okyay, Advisory Editor, Liu, Derong, Advisory Editor, Pedrycz, Witold, Advisory Editor, Polycarpou, Marios M., Advisory Editor, Rudas, Imre J., Advisory Editor, Wang, Jun, Advisory Editor, Carvalho, João Vidal, editor, Abreu, António, editor, Ferreira da Costa, Eusébio, editor, Vázquez-Justo, Enrique, editor, and Viguera Figueroa, Hernán, editor more...
Published: 2025
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36. Applications of Information and Communication Technologies in Education and Virtual Learning Environments

Author: Guaña-Moya, Javier, Arteaga-Alcívar, Yamileth, Espinosa-Cevallos, Alejandra, Cusme-Vélez, Lorena, Moya-Carrera, Yolanda, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Gomide, Fernando, Advisory Editor, Kaynak, Okyay, Advisory Editor, Liu, Derong, Advisory Editor, Pedrycz, Witold, Advisory Editor, Polycarpou, Marios M., Advisory Editor, Rudas, Imre J., Advisory Editor, Wang, Jun, Advisory Editor, Carvalho, João Vidal, editor, Abreu, António, editor, Ferreira da Costa, Eusébio, editor, Vázquez-Justo, Enrique, editor, and Viguera Figueroa, Hernán, editor more...
Published: 2025
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37. Disaggregation Analyses of the External/Internal Parameters for Chloride Diffusion in Concrete Structures: Artificial Intelligence by k-means Algorithm

Author: Zacchei, Enrico, Bastidas-Arteaga, Emilio, Hamani, Ameur, Ghosh, Ashish, Editorial Board Member, Zhou, Lizhu, Editorial Board Member, Mammadova, Gulchohra, editor, Aliev, Telman, editor, and Aida-zade, Kamil, editor more...
Published: 2025
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38. Search for photons above 10$^{18}$ eV by simultaneously measuring the atmospheric depth and the muon content of air showers at the Pierre Auger Observatory

Author: The Pierre Auger Collaboration, Halim, A. Abdul, Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Allekotte, I., Cheminant, K. Almeida, Almela, A., Aloisio, R., Alvarez-Muñiz, J., Yebra, J. Ammerman, Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Dourado, L. Andrade, Andringa, S., Apollonio, L., Aramo, C., Ferreira, P. R. Araújo, Arnone, E., Velázquez, J. C. Arteaga, Assis, P., Avila, G., Avocone, E., Bakalova, A., Barbato, F., Mocellin, A. Bartz, Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bhatta, G., Bianciotto, M., Biermann, P. L., Binet, V., Bismark, K., Bister, T., Biteau, J., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Blümer, J., Boháčová, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Arbeletche, L. Bonneau, Borodai, N., Brack, J., Orchera, P. G. Brichetto, Briechle, F. L., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Büsken, M., Bwembya, A., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Cabana-Freire, S., Caccianiga, L., Campuzano, F., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Catalani, F., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cerda, M., Čermáková, B., Cermenati, A., Chinellato, J. A., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Clay, R. W., Cerutti, A. C. Cobos, Colalillo, R., Coluccia, M. R., Conceição, R., Condorelli, A., Consolati, G., Conte, M., Convenga, F., Santos, D. Correia dos, Costa, P. J., Covault, C. E., Cristinziani, M., Sanchez, C. S. Cruz, Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., de Almeida, R. M., de Errico, B., de Jesús, J., de Jong, S. J., Neto, J. R. T. de Mello, De Mitri, I., de Oliveira, J., Franco, D. de Oliveira, de Palma, F., de Souza, V., De Vito, E., Del Popolo, A., Deligny, O., Denner, N., Deval, L., di Matteo, A., do, J. A., Dobre, M., Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J. C., Mendes, L. M. Domingues, Dorosti, Q., Anjos, J. C. dos, Anjos, R. C. dos, Ebr, J., Ellwanger, F., Emam, M., Engel, R., Epicoco, I., Erdmann, M., Etchegoyen, A., Evoli, C., Falcke, H., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fehler, T., Feldbusch, F., Fenu, F., Fernandes, A., Fick, B., Figueira, J. M., Filip, P., Filipčič, A., Fitoussi, T., Flaggs, B., Fodran, T., Fujii, T., Fuster, A., Galea, C., García, B., Gaudu, C., Gherghel-Lascu, A., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Glombitza, J., Gobbi, F., Gollan, F., Golup, G., Berisso, M. Gómez, Vitale, P. F. Gómez, Gongora, J. P., González, J. M., González, N., Góra, D., Gorgi, A., Gottowik, M., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Guido, E., Gülzow, L., Hahn, S., Hamal, P., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harvey, V. M., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Hojvat, C., Hörandel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovský, M., Huege, T., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Janecek, P., Jilek, V., Johnsen, J. A., Jurysek, J., Kampert, K. -H., Keilhauer, B., Khakurdikar, A., Covilakam, V. V. Kizakke, Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Knapp, F., Köhler, J., Krieger, F., Kunka, N., Lago, B. L., Langner, N., de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui, Lema-Capeans, Y., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Lopes, L., Lu, L., Luce, Q., Lundquist, J. P., Payeras, A. Machado, Majercakova, M., Mandat, D., Manning, B. C., Mantsch, P., Mariani, F. M., Mariazzi, A. G., Mariş, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinelli, S., Bravo, O. Martínez, Martins, M. A., Mathes, H. -J., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Mayotte, E., Mayotte, S., Mazur, P. O., Medina-Tanco, G., Meinert, J., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Merx, C., Michal, S., Micheletti, M. I., Miramonti, L., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morejon, L., Mulrey, K., Mussa, R., Namasaka, W. M., Negi, S., Nellen, L., Nguyen, K., Nicora, G., Niechciol, M., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nožka, L., Nucita, A., Núñez, L. A., Oliveira, C., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Panja, S., Parente, G., Paulsen, T., Pawlowsky, J., Pech, M., Pękala, J., Pelayo, R., Pelgrims, V., Pereira, L. A. S., Martins, E. E. Pereira, Bertolli, C. Pérez, Perrone, L., Petrera, S., Petrucci, C., Pierog, T., Pimenta, M., Platino, M., Pont, B., Pothast, M., Shahvar, M. Pourmohammad, Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Querchfeld, S., Rautenberg, J., Ravignani, D., Akim, J. V. Reginatto, Reininghaus, M., Reuzki, A., Ridky, J., Riehn, F., Risse, M., Rizi, V., de Carvalho, W. Rodrigues, Rodriguez, E., Rojo, J. Rodriguez, Roncoroni, M. J., Rossoni, S., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Saftoiu, A., Saharan, M., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Salina, G., Gomez, J. D. Sanabria, Sánchez, F., Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarmento, R., Sato, R., Savina, P., Schäfer, C. M., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schimassek, M., Schimp, M., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schoorlemmer, H., Schovánek, P., Schröder, F. G., Schulte, J., Schulz, T., Sciutto, S. J., Scornavacche, M., Sedoski, A., Segreto, A., Sehgal, S., Shivashankara, S. U., Sigl, G., Simkova, K., Simon, F., Smau, R., Šmída, R., Sommers, P., Squartini, R., Stadelmaier, M., Stanič, S., Stasielak, J., Stassi, P., Strähnz, S., Straub, M., Suomijärvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Svozilikova, Z., Szadkowski, Z., Tairli, F., Tapia, A., Taricco, C., Timmermans, C., Tkachenko, O., Tobiska, P., Peixoto, C. J. Todero, Tomé, B., Torrès, Z., Travaini, A., Travnicek, P., Tueros, M., Unger, M., Uzeiroska, R., Vaclavek, L., Vacula, M., Galicia, J. F. Valdés, Valore, L., Varela, E., Vašíčková, V., Vásquez-Ramírez, A., Veberič, D., Quispe, I. D. Vergara, Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Vink, J., Vorobiov, S., Watanabe, C., Watson, A. A., Weindl, A., Wiencke, L., Wilczyński, H., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Yue, B., Yushkov, A., Zapparrata, O., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., and Zavrtanik, M. more...
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: The Pierre Auger Observatory is the most sensitive instrument to detect photons with energies above $10^{17}$ eV. It measures extensive air showers generated by ultra high energy cosmic rays using a hybrid technique that exploits the combination of a fluorescence detector with a ground array of particle detectors. The signatures of a photon-induced air shower are a larger atmospheric depth of the shower maximum ($X_{max}$) and a steeper lateral distribution function, along with a lower number of muons with respect to the bulk of hadron-induced cascades. In this work, a new analysis technique in the energy interval between 1 and 30 EeV (1 EeV = $10^{18}$ eV) has been developed by combining the fluorescence detector-based measurement of $X_{max}$ with the specific features of the surface detector signal through a parameter related to the air shower muon content, derived from the universality of the air shower development. No evidence of a statistically significant signal due to photon primaries was found using data collected in about 12 years of operation. Thus, upper bounds to the integral photon flux have been set using a detailed calculation of the detector exposure, in combination with a data-driven background estimation. The derived 95% confidence level upper limits are 0.0403, 0.01113, 0.0035, 0.0023, and 0.0021 km$^{-2}$ sr$^{-1}$ yr$^{-1}$ above 1, 2, 3, 5, and 10 EeV, respectively, leading to the most stringent upper limits on the photon flux in the EeV range. Compared with past results, the upper limits were improved by about 40% for the lowest energy threshold and by a factor 3 above 3 EeV, where no candidates were found and the expected background is negligible. The presented limits can be used to probe the assumptions on chemical composition of ultra-high energy cosmic rays and allow for the constraint of the mass and lifetime phase space of super-heavy dark matter particles., Comment: 19 pages, 22 figures more...
Published: 2024

39. Measurement of the Depth of Maximum of Air-Shower Profiles with energies between $\mathbf{10^{18.5}}$ and $\mathbf{10^{20}}$ eV using the Surface Detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory and Deep Learning

Author: The Pierre Auger Collaboration, Halim, A. Abdul, Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Allekotte, I., Cheminant, K. Almeida, Almela, A., Aloisio, R., Alvarez-Muñiz, J., Yebra, J. Ammerman, Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Dourado, L. Andrade, Andringa, S., Apollonio, L., Aramo, C., Ferreira, P. R. Araújo, Arnone, E., Velázquez, J. C. Arteaga, Assis, P., Avila, G., Avocone, E., Bakalova, A., Barbato, F., Mocellin, A. Bartz, Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bhatta, G., Bianciotto, M., Biermann, P. L., Binet, V., Bismark, K., Bister, T., Biteau, J., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Blümer, J., Boháčová, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Arbeletche, L. Bonneau, Borodai, N., Brack, J., Orchera, P. G. Brichetto, Briechle, F. L., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Büsken, M., Bwembya, A., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Cabana-Freire, S., Caccianiga, L., Campuzano, F., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Catalani, F., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cerda, M., Čermáková, B., Cermenati, A., Chinellato, J. A., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Clay, R. W., Cerutti, A. C. Cobos, Colalillo, R., Coluccia, M. R., Conceição, R., Condorelli, A., Consolati, G., Conte, M., Convenga, F., Santos, D. Correia dos, Costa, P. J., Covault, C. E., Cristinziani, M., Sanchez, C. S. Cruz, Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., de Almeida, R. M., de Errico, B., de Jesús, J., de Jong, S. J., Neto, J. R. T. de Mello, De Mitri, I., de Oliveira, J., Franco, D. de Oliveira, de Palma, F., de Souza, V., De Vito, E., Del Popolo, A., Deligny, O., Denner, N., Deval, L., di Matteo, A., do, J. A., Dobre, M., Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J. C., Mendes, L. M. Domingues, Dorosti, Q., Anjos, J. C. dos, Anjos, R. C. dos, Ebr, J., Ellwanger, F., Emam, M., Engel, R., Epicoco, I., Erdmann, M., Etchegoyen, A., Evoli, C., Falcke, H., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fehler, T., Feldbusch, F., Fenu, F., Fernandes, A., Fick, B., Figueira, J. M., Filip, P., Filipčič, A., Fitoussi, T., Flaggs, B., Fodran, T., Fujii, T., Fuster, A., Galea, C., García, B., Gaudu, C., Gherghel-Lascu, A., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Glombitza, J., Gobbi, F., Gollan, F., Golup, G., Berisso, M. Gómez, Vitale, P. F. Gómez, Gongora, J. P., González, J. M., González, N., Góra, D., Gorgi, A., Gottowik, M., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Guido, E., Gülzow, L., Hahn, S., Hamal, P., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harvey, V. M., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Hojvat, C., Hörandel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovský, M., Huege, T., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Janecek, P., Jilek, V., Johnsen, J. A., Jurysek, J., Kampert, K. -H., Keilhauer, B., Khakurdikar, A., Covilakam, V. V. Kizakke, Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Knapp, F., Köhler, J., Krieger, F., Kunka, N., Lago, B. L., Langner, N., de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui, Lema-Capeans, Y., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Lopes, L., Lu, L., Luce, Q., Lundquist, J. P., Payeras, A. Machado, Majercakova, M., Mandat, D., Manning, B. C., Mantsch, P., Mariani, F. M., Mariazzi, A. G., Mariş, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinelli, S., Bravo, O. Martínez, Martins, M. A., Mathes, H. -J., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Mayotte, E., Mayotte, S., Mazur, P. O., Medina-Tanco, G., Meinert, J., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Merx, C., Michal, S., Micheletti, M. I., Miramonti, L., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morejon, L., Mulrey, K., Mussa, R., Namasaka, W. M., Negi, S., Nellen, L., Nguyen, K., Nicora, G., Niechciol, M., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nožka, L., Nucita, A., Núñez, L. A., Oliveira, C., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Panja, S., Parente, G., Paulsen, T., Pawlowsky, J., Pech, M., Pękala, J., Pelayo, R., Pelgrims, V., Pereira, L. A. S., Martins, E. E. Pereira, Bertolli, C. Pérez, Perrone, L., Petrera, S., Petrucci, C., Pierog, T., Pimenta, M., Platino, M., Pont, B., Pothast, M., Shahvar, M. Pourmohammad, Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Querchfeld, S., Rautenberg, J., Ravignani, D., Akim, J. V. Reginatto, Reininghaus, M., Reuzki, A., Ridky, J., Riehn, F., Risse, M., Rizi, V., de Carvalho, W. Rodrigues, Rodriguez, E., Rojo, J. Rodriguez, Roncoroni, M. J., Rossoni, S., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Saftoiu, A., Saharan, M., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Salina, G., Gomez, J. D. Sanabria, Sánchez, F., Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarmento, R., Sato, R., Savina, P., Schäfer, C. M., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schimassek, M., Schimp, M., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schoorlemmer, H., Schovánek, P., Schröder, F. G., Schulte, J., Schulz, T., Sciutto, S. J., Scornavacche, M., Sedoski, A., Segreto, A., Sehgal, S., Shivashankara, S. U., Sigl, G., Simkova, K., Simon, F., Smau, R., Šmída, R., Sommers, P., Squartini, R., Stadelmaier, M., Stanič, S., Stasielak, J., Stassi, P., Strähnz, S., Straub, M., Suomijärvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Svozilikova, Z., Szadkowski, Z., Tairli, F., Tapia, A., Taricco, C., Timmermans, C., Tkachenko, O., Tobiska, P., Peixoto, C. J. Todero, Tomé, B., Torrès, Z., Travaini, A., Travnicek, P., Tueros, M., Unger, M., Uzeiroska, R., Vaclavek, L., Vacula, M., Galicia, J. F. Valdés, Valore, L., Varela, E., Vašíčková, V., Vásquez-Ramírez, A., Veberič, D., Quispe, I. D. Vergara, Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Vink, J., Vorobiov, S., Watanabe, C., Watson, A. A., Weindl, A., Wiencke, L., Wilczyński, H., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Yue, B., Yushkov, A., Zapparrata, O., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., and Zavrtanik, M. more...
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: We report an investigation of the mass composition of cosmic rays with energies from 3 to 100 EeV (1 EeV=$10^{18}$ eV) using the distributions of the depth of shower maximum $X_\mathrm{max}$. The analysis relies on ${\sim}50,000$ events recorded by the Surface Detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory and a deep-learning-based reconstruction algorithm. Above energies of 5 EeV, the data set offers a 10-fold increase in statistics with respect to fluorescence measurements at the Observatory. After cross-calibration using the Fluorescence Detector, this enables the first measurement of the evolution of the mean and the standard deviation of the $X_\mathrm{max}$ distributions up to 100 EeV. Our findings are threefold: (1.) The evolution of the mean logarithmic mass towards a heavier composition with increasing energy can be confirmed and is extended to 100 EeV. (2.) The evolution of the fluctuations of $X_\mathrm{max}$ towards a heavier and purer composition with increasing energy can be confirmed with high statistics. We report a rather heavy composition and small fluctuations in $X_\mathrm{max}$ at the highest energies. (3.) We find indications for a characteristic structure beyond a constant change in the mean logarithmic mass, featuring three breaks that are observed in proximity to the ankle, instep, and suppression features in the energy spectrum., Comment: Version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D, 29 pages, 19 figures, 5 tables more...
Published: 2024
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40. Inference of the Mass Composition of Cosmic Rays with energies from $\mathbf{10^{18.5}}$ to $\mathbf{10^{20}}$ eV using the Pierre Auger Observatory and Deep Learning

Author: The Pierre Auger Collaboration, Halim, A. Abdul, Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Allekotte, I., Cheminant, K. Almeida, Almela, A., Aloisio, R., Alvarez-Muñiz, J., Yebra, J. Ammerman, Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Dourado, L. Andrade, Andringa, S., Apollonio, L., Aramo, C., Ferreira, P. R. Araújo, Arnone, E., Velázquez, J. C. Arteaga, Assis, P., Avila, G., Avocone, E., Bakalova, A., Barbato, F., Mocellin, A. Bartz, Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bhatta, G., Bianciotto, M., Biermann, P. L., Binet, V., Bismark, K., Bister, T., Biteau, J., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Blümer, J., Boháčová, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Arbeletche, L. Bonneau, Borodai, N., Brack, J., Orchera, P. G. Brichetto, Briechle, F. L., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Büsken, M., Bwembya, A., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Cabana-Freire, S., Caccianiga, L., Campuzano, F., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Catalani, F., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cerda, M., Čermáková, B., Cermenati, A., Chinellato, J. A., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Clay, R. W., Cerutti, A. C. Cobos, Colalillo, R., Coluccia, M. R., Conceição, R., Condorelli, A., Consolati, G., Conte, M., Convenga, F., Santos, D. Correia dos, Costa, P. J., Covault, C. E., Cristinziani, M., Sanchez, C. S. Cruz, Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., de Almeida, R. M., de Errico, B., de Jesús, J., de Jong, S. J., Neto, J. R. T. de Mello, De Mitri, I., de Oliveira, J., Franco, D. de Oliveira, de Palma, F., de Souza, V., De Vito, E., Del Popolo, A., Deligny, O., Denner, N., Deval, L., di Matteo, A., do, J. A., Dobre, M., Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J. C., Mendes, L. M. Domingues, Dorosti, Q., Anjos, J. C. dos, Anjos, R. C. dos, Ebr, J., Ellwanger, F., Emam, M., Engel, R., Epicoco, I., Erdmann, M., Etchegoyen, A., Evoli, C., Falcke, H., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fehler, T., Feldbusch, F., Fenu, F., Fernandes, A., Fick, B., Figueira, J. M., Filip, P., Filipčič, A., Fitoussi, T., Flaggs, B., Fodran, T., Fujii, T., Fuster, A., Galea, C., García, B., Gaudu, C., Gherghel-Lascu, A., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Glombitza, J., Gobbi, F., Gollan, F., Golup, G., Berisso, M. Gómez, Vitale, P. F. Gómez, Gongora, J. P., González, J. M., González, N., Góra, D., Gorgi, A., Gottowik, M., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Guido, E., Gülzow, L., Hahn, S., Hamal, P., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harvey, V. M., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Hojvat, C., Hörandel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovský, M., Huege, T., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Janecek, P., Jilek, V., Johnsen, J. A., Jurysek, J., Kampert, K. -H., Keilhauer, B., Khakurdikar, A., Covilakam, V. V. Kizakke, Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Knapp, F., Köhler, J., Krieger, F., Kunka, N., Lago, B. L., Langner, N., de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui, Lema-Capeans, Y., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Lopes, L., Lu, L., Luce, Q., Lundquist, J. P., Payeras, A. Machado, Majercakova, M., Mandat, D., Manning, B. C., Mantsch, P., Mariani, F. M., Mariazzi, A. G., Mariş, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinelli, S., Bravo, O. Martínez, Martins, M. A., Mathes, H. -J., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Mayotte, E., Mayotte, S., Mazur, P. O., Medina-Tanco, G., Meinert, J., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Merx, C., Michal, S., Micheletti, M. I., Miramonti, L., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morejon, L., Mulrey, K., Mussa, R., Namasaka, W. M., Negi, S., Nellen, L., Nguyen, K., Nicora, G., Niechciol, M., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nožka, L., Nucita, A., Núñez, L. A., Oliveira, C., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Panja, S., Parente, G., Paulsen, T., Pawlowsky, J., Pech, M., Pękala, J., Pelayo, R., Pelgrims, V., Pereira, L. A. S., Martins, E. E. Pereira, Bertolli, C. Pérez, Perrone, L., Petrera, S., Petrucci, C., Pierog, T., Pimenta, M., Platino, M., Pont, B., Pothast, M., Shahvar, M. Pourmohammad, Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Querchfeld, S., Rautenberg, J., Ravignani, D., Akim, J. V. Reginatto, Reininghaus, M., Reuzki, A., Ridky, J., Riehn, F., Risse, M., Rizi, V., de Carvalho, W. Rodrigues, Rodriguez, E., Rojo, J. Rodriguez, Roncoroni, M. J., Rossoni, S., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Saftoiu, A., Saharan, M., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Salina, G., Gomez, J. D. Sanabria, Sánchez, F., Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarmento, R., Sato, R., Savina, P., Schäfer, C. M., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schimassek, M., Schimp, M., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schoorlemmer, H., Schovánek, P., Schröder, F. G., Schulte, J., Schulz, T., Sciutto, S. J., Scornavacche, M., Sedoski, A., Segreto, A., Sehgal, S., Shivashankara, S. U., Sigl, G., Simkova, K., Simon, F., Smau, R., Šmída, R., Sommers, P., Squartini, R., Stadelmaier, M., Stanič, S., Stasielak, J., Stassi, P., Strähnz, S., Straub, M., Suomijärvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Svozilikova, Z., Szadkowski, Z., Tairli, F., Tapia, A., Taricco, C., Timmermans, C., Tkachenko, O., Tobiska, P., Peixoto, C. J. Todero, Tomé, B., Torrès, Z., Travaini, A., Travnicek, P., Tueros, M., Unger, M., Uzeiroska, R., Vaclavek, L., Vacula, M., Galicia, J. F. Valdés, Valore, L., Varela, E., Vašíčková, V., Vásquez-Ramírez, A., Veberič, D., Quispe, I. D. Vergara, Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Vink, J., Vorobiov, S., Watanabe, C., Watson, A. A., Weindl, A., Wiencke, L., Wilczyński, H., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Yue, B., Yushkov, A., Zapparrata, O., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., and Zavrtanik, M. more...
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: We present measurements of the atmospheric depth of the shower maximum $X_\mathrm{max}$, inferred for the first time on an event-by-event level using the Surface Detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory. Using deep learning, we were able to extend measurements of the $X_\mathrm{max}$ distributions up to energies of 100 EeV ($10^{20}$ eV), not yet revealed by current measurements, providing new insights into the mass composition of cosmic rays at extreme energies. Gaining a 10-fold increase in statistics compared to the Fluorescence Detector data, we find evidence that the rate of change of the average $X_\mathrm{max}$ with the logarithm of energy features three breaks at $6.5\pm0.6~(\mathrm{stat})\pm1~(\mathrm{sys})$ EeV, $11\pm 2~(\mathrm{stat})\pm1~(\mathrm{sys})$ EeV, and $31\pm5~(\mathrm{stat})\pm3~(\mathrm{sys})$ EeV, in the vicinity to the three prominent features (ankle, instep, suppression) of the cosmic-ray flux. The energy evolution of the mean and standard deviation of the measured $X_\mathrm{max}$ distributions indicates that the mass composition becomes increasingly heavier and purer, thus being incompatible with a large fraction of light nuclei between 50 EeV and 100 EeV., Comment: Version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Lett., 9 pages, 3 figures, 1 table more...
Published: 2024
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41. Performance of the HAWC Observatory and TeV Gamma-Ray Measurements of the Crab Nebula with Improved Extensive Air Shower Reconstruction Algorithms

Author: Albert, A ., Alfaro, R., Alvarez, C., Andrés, A ., Arteaga-Velázquez, J. C., Rojas, D. Avila, Solares, H. A. Ayala, Babu, R., Belmont-Moreno, E., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Capistrán, T., Carramiñana, A., Casanova, S., Cotti, U., Cotzomi, J., de León, S. Coutiño, De la Fuente, E., de León, C., Depaoli, D., Di Lalla, N., Hernandez, R. Diaz, Dingus, B. L ., DuVernois, M. A., Engel, K., Ergin, T., Espinoza, C ., Fan, K. L., Fang, K., Fraija, N., Fraija, S., García-González, J. A., Garfias, F., Goksu, H ., González, M. M., Goodman, J. A., Groetsch, S., Harding, J. P., Hernández-Cadena, S., Herzog, I., Hinton, J ., Huang, D., Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, F., Hüntemeyer, P., Iriarte, A., Kaufmann, S., Lara, A ., Lee, J., Vargas, H. León, Linnemann, J. T ., Longinotti, A. L., Luis-Raya, G., Malone, K., Martínez-Castro, J., Matthews, J. A., Miranda-Romagnoli, P., Montes, J. A., Moreno, E., Mostafá, M., Nellen, L., Nisa, M. U ., Noriega-Papaqui, R ., Olivera-Nieto, L ., Omodei, N., Osorio, M., Araujo, Y. Pérez, Pérez-Pérez, E. G., Rho, C. D., Rosa-González, D., Ruiz-Velasco, E ., Salazar, H., Salazar-Gallegos, D., Sandoval, A., Schneider, M., Schwefer, G ., Serna-Franco, J., Smith, A. J., Son, Y., Springer, R. W ., Tibolla, O., Tollefson, K., Torres, I., Torres-Escobedo, R., Turner, R., Ureña-Mena, F., Varela, E ., Wang, X., Watson, I. J., Whitaker, K., Willox, E., Wu, H., Yu, S ., Yun-Cárcamo, S., and Zhou, H. more...
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: The High-Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) Gamma-Ray Observatory located on the side of the Sierra Negra volcano in Mexico, has been fully operational since 2015. The HAWC collaboration has recently significantly improved their extensive-air-shower reconstruction algorithms, which has notably advanced the observatory performance. The energy resolution for primary gamma rays with energies below 1~TeV was improved by including a noise-suppression algorithm. Corrections have also been made to systematic errors in direction fitting related to the detector and shower plane inclinations, $\mathcal{O}(0.1^{\circ})$ biases in highly inclined showers, as well as enhancements to the core reconstruction. The angular resolution for gamma rays approaching the HAWC array from large zenith angles ($> 37^{\circ}$) has improved by a factor of four at the highest energies ($> 70$~TeV) as compared to previous reconstructions. The inclusion of a lateral distribution function fit to the extensive air shower footprint on the array to separate gamma-ray primaries from cosmic-ray ones, based on the resulting $\chi^{2}$ values, improved the background rejection performance at all inclinations. At large zenith angles, the improvement in significance is a factor of four compared to previous HAWC publications. These enhancements have been verified by observing the Crab Nebula, which is an overhead source for the HAWC Observatory. We show that the sensitivity to Crab-like point sources ($E^{-2.63}$) with locations overhead to 30$^{\circ}$ zenith is comparable or less than 10\% of the Crab Nebula's flux between 2 and 50~TeV. Thanks to these improvements, HAWC can now detect more sources, including the Galactic Center. more...
Published: 2024

42. Universal Spatial Audio Transcoder

Author: Sagasti, Amaia, Scaini, Davide, and Arteaga, Daniel
Subjects: Computer Science - Sound, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Audio and Speech Processing
Abstract: This paper addresses the challenges associated with both the conversion between different spatial audio formats and the decoding of a spatial audio format to a specific loudspeaker layout. Existing approaches often rely on layout remapping tools, which may not guarantee optimal conversion from a psychoacoustic perspective. To overcome these challenges, we present the Universal Spatial Audio Transcoder (USAT) method and its corresponding open source implementation. USAT generates an optimal decoder or transcoder for any input spatial audio format, adapting it to any output format or 2D/3D loudspeaker configuration. Drawing upon optimization techniques based on psychoacoustic principles, the algorithm maximizes the preservation of spatial information. We present examples of the decoding and transcoding of several audio formats, and show that USAT approach is advantageous compared to the most common methods in the field., Comment: 12 pages, 8 figures. Accepted for presentation at the AES 156th Convention, Madrid, Spain (June 2024) more...
Published: 2024

43. Search for joint multimessenger signals from potential Galactic PeVatrons with HAWC and IceCube

Author: Alfaro, R., Alvarez, C., Arteaga-Velázquez, J. C., Rojas, D. Avila, Solares, H. A. Ayala, Babu, R., Belmont-Moreno, E., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Capistrán, T., Carramiñana, A., Casanova, S., Cotti, U., Cotzomi, J., de León, S. Coutiño, De la Fuente, E., Depaoli, D., Di Lalla, N., Hernandez, R. Diaz, Díaz-Vélez, J. C., Engel, K., Ergin, T., Fan, K. L., Fang, K., Fraija, N., Fraija, S., García-González, J. A., Garfias, F., González, M. M., Goodman, J. A., Groetsch, S., Harding, J. P., Hernández-Cadena, S., Herzog, I., Huang, D., Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, F., Hüntemeyer, P., Iriarte, A., Kaufmann, S., Lee, J., Vargas, H. León, Longinotti, A. L., Luis-Raya, G., Malone, K., Martínez-Castro, J., Matthews, J. A., Miranda-Romagnoli, P., Montes, J. A., Moreno, E., Mostafá, M., Nellen, L., Omodei, N., Osorio, M., Araujo, Y. Pérez, Pérez-Pérez, E. G., Rho, C. D., Rosa-González, D., Salazar, H., Salazar-Gallegos, D., Sandoval, A., Schneider, M., Serna-Franco, J., Smith, A. J., Son, Y., Tibolla, O., Tollefson, K., Torres, I., Torres-Escobedo, R., Turner, R., Ureña-Mena, F., Wang, X., Watson, I. J., Whitaker, K., Willox, E., Wu, H., Yun-Cárcamo, S., Zhou, H., de León, C., Abbasi, R., Ackermann, M., Adams, J., Agarwalla, S. K., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., Alameddine, J. M., Amin, N. M., Andeen, K., Argüelles, C., Ashida, Y., Athanasiadou, S., Ausborm, L., Axani, S. N., Bai, X., V., A. Balagopal, Baricevic, M., Barwick, S. W., Bash, S., Basu, V., Bay, R., Beatty, J. J., Tjus, J. Becker, Beise, J., Bellenghi, C., Benning, C., BenZvi, S., Berley, D., Bernardini, E., Besson, D. Z., Blaufuss, E., Bloom, L., Blot, S., Bontempo, F., Motzkin, J. Y. Book, Meneguolo, C. Boscolo, Böser, S., Botner, O., Böttcher, J., Braun, J., Brinson, B., Brostean-Kaiser, J., Brusa, L., Burley, R. T., Butterfield, D., Campana, M. A., Caracas, I., Carloni, K., Carpio, J., Chattopadhyay, S., Chau, N., Chen, Z., Chirkin, D., Choi, S., Clark, B. A., Coleman, A., Collin, G. H., Connolly, A., Conrad, J. M., Coppin, P., Corley, R., Correa, P., Cowen, D. F., Dave, P., De Clercq, C., DeLaunay, J. J., Delgado, D., Deng, S., Desai, A., Desiati, P., de Vries, K. D., de Wasseige, G., DeYoung, T., Diaz, A., Dierichs, P., Dittmer, M., Domi, A., Draper, L., Dujmovic, H., Dutta, K., DuVernois, M. A., Ehrhardt, T., Eidenschink, L., Eimer, A., Eller, P., Ellinger, E., Mentawi, S. El, Elsässer, D., Engel, R., Erpenbeck, H., Evans, J., Evenson, P. A., Farrag, K., Fazely, A. R., Fedynitch, A., Feigl, N., Fiedlschuster, S., Finley, C., Fischer, L., Fox, D., Franckowiak, A., Fukami, S., Fürst, P., Gallagher, J., Ganster, E., Garcia, A., Garcia, M., Garg, G., Genton, E., Gerhardt, L., Ghadimi, A., Girard-Carillo, C., Glaser, C., Glüsenkamp, T., Gonzalez, J. G., Goswami, S., Granados, A., Grant, D., Gray, S. J., Gries, O., Griffin, S., Griswold, S., Groth, K. M., Günther, C., Gutjahr, P., Ha, C., Haack, C., Hallgren, A., Halve, L., Halzen, F., Hamdaoui, H., Minh, M. Ha, Handt, M., Hanson, K., Hardin, J., Harnisch, A. A., Hatch, P., Haungs, A., Häußler, J., Helbing, K., Hellrung, J., Hermannsgabner, J., Heuermann, L., Heyer, N., Hickford, S., Hidvegi, A., Hill, C., Hill, G. C., Hoffman, K. D., Hori, S., Hoshina, K., Hostert, M., Hou, W., Huber, T., Hultqvist, K., Hünnefeld, M., Hussain, R., Hymon, K., Ishihara, A., Iwakiri, W., Jacquart, M., Janik, O., Jansson, M., Japaridze, G. S., Jeong, M., Jin, M., Jones, B. J. P., Kamp, N., Kang, D., Kang, W., Kang, X., Kappes, A., Kappesser, D., Kardum, L., Karg, T., Karl, M., Karle, A., Katil, A., Katz, U., Kauer, M., Kelley, J. L., Khanal, M., Zathul, A. Khatee, Kheirandish, A., Kiryluk, J., Klein, S. R., Kochocki, A., Koirala, R., Kolanoski, H., Kontrimas, T., Köpke, L., Kopper, C., Koskinen, D. J., Koundal, P., Kovacevich, M., Kowalski, M., Kozynets, T., Krishnamoorthi, J., Kruiswijk, K., Krupczak, E., Kumar, A., Kun, E., Kurahashi, N., Lad, N., Gualda, C. Lagunas, Lamoureux, M., Larson, M. J., Latseva, S., Lauber, F., Lazar, J. P., Lee, J. W., DeHolton, K. Leonard, Leszczyńska, A., Liao, J., Lincetto, M., Liu, Y. T., Liubarska, M., Lohfink, E., Love, C., Mariscal, C. J. Lozano, Lu, L., Lucarelli, F., Luszczak, W., Lyu, Y., Madsen, J., Magnus, E., Mahn, K. B. M., Makino, Y., Manao, E., Mancina, S., Sainte, W. Marie, Mariş, I. C., Marka, S., Marka, Z., Marsee, M., Martinez-Soler, I., Maruyama, R., Mayhew, F., McNally, F., Mead, J. V., Meagher, K., Mechbal, S., Medina, A., Meier, M., Merckx, Y., Merten, L., Micallef, J., Mitchell, J., Montaruli, T., Moore, R. W., Morii, Y., Morse, R., Moulai, M., Mukherjee, T., Naab, R., Nagai, R., Nakos, M., Naumann, U., Necker, J., Negi, A., Neste, L., Neumann, M., Niederhausen, H., Noda, K., Noell, A., Novikov, A., Pollmann, A. Obertacke, O'Dell, V., Oeyen, B., Olivas, A., Orsoe, R., Osborn, J., O'Sullivan, E., Pandya, H., Park, N., Parker, G. K., Paudel, E. N., Paul, L., Heros, C. Pérez de los, Pernice, T., Peterson, J., Philippen, S., Pizzuto, A., Plum, M., Pontén, A., Popovych, Y., Rodriguez, M. Prado, Pries, B., Procter-Murphy, R., Przybylski, G. T., Raab, C., Rack-Helleis, J., Ravn, M., Rawlins, K., Rechav, Z., Rehman, A., Reichherzer, P., Resconi, E., Reusch, S., Rhode, W., Riedel, B., Rifaie, A., Roberts, E. J., Robertson, S., Rodan, S., Roellinghoff, G., Rongen, M., Rosted, A., Rott, C., Ruhe, T., Ruohan, L., Ryckbosch, D., Safa, I., Saffer, J., Sampathkumar, P., Sandrock, A., Santander, M., Sarkar, S., Savelberg, J., Savina, P., Schaile, P., Schaufel, M., Schieler, H., Schindler, S., Schlüter, B., Schlüter, F., Schmeisser, N., Schmidt, T., Schneider, J., Schröder, F. G., Schumacher, L., Sclafani, S., Seckel, D., Seikh, M., Seo, M., Seunarine, S., Myhr, P. Sevle, Shah, R., Shefali, S., Shimizu, N., Silva, M., Skrzypek, B., Smithers, B., Snihur, R., Soedingrekso, J., Søgaard, A., Soldin, D., Soldin, P., Sommani, G., Spannfellner, C., Spiczak, G. M., Spiering, C., Stamatikos, M., Stanev, T., Stezelberger, T., Stürwald, T., Stuttard, T., Sullivan, G. W., Taboada, I., Ter-Antonyan, S., Terliuk, A., Thiesmeyer, M., Thompson, W. G., Thwaites, J., Tilav, S., Tönnis, C., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Trettin, A., Turcotte, R., Twagirayezu, J. P., Elorrieta, M. A. Unland, Upadhyay, A. K., Upshaw, K., Vaidyanathan, A., Valtonen-Mattila, N., Vandenbroucke, J., van Eijndhoven, N., Vannerom, D., van Santen, J., Vara, J., Veitch-Michaelis, J., Venugopal, M., Vereecken, M., Verpoest, S., Veske, D., Vijai, A., Walck, C., Wang, A., Weaver, C., Weigel, P., Weindl, A., Weldert, J., Wen, A. Y., Wendt, C., Werthebach, J., Weyrauch, M., Whitehorn, N., Wiebusch, C. H., Williams, D. R., Witthaus, L., Wolf, A., Wolf, M., Wrede, G., Xu, X. W., Yanez, J. P., Yildizci, E., Yoshida, S., Young, R., Yu, S., Yuan, T., Zhang, Z., Zhelnin, P., Zilberman, P., and Zimmerman, M. more...
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: Galactic PeVatrons are sources that can accelerate cosmic rays to PeV energies. The high-energy cosmic rays are expected to interact with the surrounding ambient material or radiation, resulting in the production of gamma rays and neutrinos. To optimize for the detection of such associated production of gamma rays and neutrinos for a given source morphology and spectrum, a multi-messenger analysis that combines gamma rays and neutrinos is required. In this study, we use the Multi-Mission Maximum Likelihood framework (3ML) with IceCube Maximum Likelihood Analysis software (i3mla) and HAWC Accelerated Likelihood (HAL) to search for a correlation between 22 known gamma-ray sources from the third HAWC gamma-ray catalog and 14 years of IceCube track-like data. No significant neutrino emission from the direction of the HAWC sources was found. We report the best-fit gamma-ray model and 90% CL neutrino flux limit from the 22 sources. From the neutrino flux limit, we conclude that the gamma-ray emission from five of the sources can not be produced purely from hadronic interactions. We report the limit for the fraction of gamma rays produced by hadronic interactions for these five sources. more...
Published: 2024

44. Interactions Between Brauer Configuration Algebras and Classical Cryptanalysis to Analyze Bach's Canons

Author: Cañadas, Agustín Moreno, Espinosa, Pedro Fernando Fernández, Nieto, José Gregorio Rodríguez, Mendez, Odette M., and Arteaga-Bastidas, Ricardo Hugo
Subjects: Mathematics - History and Overview, Computer Science - Cryptography and Security, 00A65, 16G20, 16G30, 16G60
Abstract: Since their introduction, Brauer configuration algebras (BCAs) and their specialized messages have helped research in several fields of mathematics and sciences. This paper deals with a new perspective on using such algebras as a theoretical framework in classical cryptography and music theory. It is proved that some block cyphers define labeled Brauer configuration algebras. Particularly, the dimension of the BCA associated with a ciphertext-only attack of the Vigenere cryptosystem is given by the corresponding key's length and the captured ciphertext's coincidence index. On the other hand, historically, Bach's canons have been considered solved music puzzles. However, due to how Bach posed such canons, the question remains whether their solutions are only limited to musical issues. This paper gives alternative solutions based on the theory of Brauer configuration algebras to some of the puzzle canons proposed by Bach in his Musical Offering (BWV 1079) and the canon \^a 4 Voc: Perpetuus (BWV 1073). Specifically to the canon \^a 6 Voc (BWV 1076), canon 1 \^a2 (also known as the crab canon), and canon \^a4 Quaerendo Invenietis. These solutions are obtained by interpreting such canons as ciphertexts (via route and transposition cyphers) of some specialized Brauer messages. In particular, it is noted that the structure or form of the notes used in such canons can be described via the shape of the most used symbols in Bach's works., Comment: 50 pages more...
Published: 2024

45. Impact of the Magnetic Horizon on the Interpretation of the Pierre Auger Observatory Spectrum and Composition Data

Author: The Pierre Auger Collaboration, Halim, A. Abdul, Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Allekotte, I., Cheminant, K. Almeida, Almela, A., Aloisio, R., Alvarez-Muñiz, J., Yebra, J. Ammerman, Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Andringa, S., Apollonio, L., Aramo, C., Ferreira, P. R. Araújo, Arnone, E., Velázquez, J. C. Arteaga, Assis, P., Avila, G., Avocone, E., Bakalova, A., Barbato, F., Mocellin, A. Bartz, Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bhatta, G., Bianciotto, M., Biermann, P. L., Binet, V., Bismark, K., Bister, T., Biteau, J., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Blümer, J., Boháčová, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Arbeletche, L. Bonneau, Borodai, N., Brack, J., Orchera, P. G. Brichetto, Briechle, F. L., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Büsken, M., Bwembya, A., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Cabana-Freire, S., Caccianiga, L., Campuzano, F., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Catalani, F., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cerda, M., Cermenati, A., Chinellato, J. A., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Clay, R. W., Cerutti, A. C. Cobos, Colalillo, R., Coluccia, M. R., Conceição, R., Condorelli, A., Consolati, G., Conte, M., Convenga, F., Santos, D. Correia dos, Costa, P. J., Covault, C. E., Cristinziani, M., Sanchez, C. S. Cruz, Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., de Almeida, R. M., de Jesús, J., de Jong, S. J., Neto, J. R. T. de Mello, De Mitri, I., de Oliveira, J., Franco, D. de Oliveira, de Palma, F., de Souza, V., de Errico, B. P. de Souza, De Vito, E., Del Popolo, A., Deligny, O., Denner, N., Deval, L., di Matteo, A., Dobre, M., Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J. C., Mendes, L. M. Domingues, Dorosti, Q., Anjos, J. C. dos, Anjos, R. C. dos, Ebr, J., Ellwanger, F., Emam, M., Engel, R., Epicoco, I., Erdmann, M., Etchegoyen, A., Evoli, C., Falcke, H., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Feldbusch, F., Fenu, F., Fernandes, A., Fick, B., Figueira, J. M., Filipčič, A., Fitoussi, T., Flaggs, B., Fodran, T., Fujii, T., Fuster, A., Galea, C., García, B., Gaudu, C., Gherghel-Lascu, A., Giaccari, U., Glombitza, J., Gobbi, F., Gollan, F., Golup, G., Berisso, M. Gómez, Vitale, P. F. Gómez, Gongora, J. P., González, J. M., González, N., Góra, D., Gorgi, A., Gottowik, M., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Guido, E., Gülzow, L., Hahn, S., Hamal, P., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harvey, V. M., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Hojvat, C., Hörandel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovský, M., Huege, T., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Janardhana, V., Janecek, P., Jilek, V., Johnsen, J. A., Jurysek, J., Kampert, K. -H., Keilhauer, B., Khakurdikar, A., Covilakam, V. V. Kizakke, Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Knapp, F., Köhler, J., Krieger, F., Kunka, N., Lago, B. L., Langner, N., de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui, Lema-Capeans, Y., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Lopes, L., Lu, L., Luce, Q., Lundquist, J. P., Payeras, A. Machado, Majercakova, M., Mandat, D., Manning, B. C., Mantsch, P., Mariani, F. M., Mariazzi, A. G., Mariş, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinelli, S., Bravo, O. Martínez, Martins, M. A., Mathes, H. -J., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Mayotte, E., Mayotte, S., Mazur, P. O., Medina-Tanco, G., Meinert, J., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Merx, C., Michal, S., Micheletti, M. I., Miramonti, L., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morejon, L., Mulrey, K., Mussa, R., Namasaka, W. M., Negi, S., Nellen, L., Nguyen, K., Nicora, G., Niechciol, M., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nožka, L., Nucita, A., Núñez, L. A., Oliveira, C., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Panja, S., Parente, G., Paulsen, T., Pawlowsky, J., Pech, M., Pękala, J., Pelayo, R., Pelgrims, V., Pereira, L. A. S., Martins, E. E. Pereira, Armand, J. Perez, Bertolli, C. Pérez, Perrone, L., Petrera, S., Petrucci, C., Pierog, T., Pimenta, M., Platino, M., Pont, B., Pothast, M., Shahvar, M. Pourmohammad, Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Querchfeld, S., Rautenberg, J., Ravignani, D., Akim, J. V. Reginatto, Reininghaus, M., Reuzki, A., Ridky, J., Riehn, F., Risse, M., Rizi, V., de Carvalho, W. Rodrigues, Rodriguez, E., Rojo, J. Rodriguez, Roncoroni, M. J., Rossoni, S., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Ruehl, P., Saftoiu, A., Saharan, M., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Salina, G., Gomez, J. D. Sanabria, Sánchez, F., Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarmento, R., Sato, R., Savina, P., Schäfer, C. M., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schimassek, M., Schimp, M., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schoorlemmer, H., Schovánek, P., Schröder, F. G., Schulte, J., Schulz, T., Sciutto, S. J., Scornavacche, M., Sedoski, A., Segreto, A., Sehgal, S., Shivashankara, S. U., Sigl, G., Silli, G., Sima, O., Simkova, K., Simon, F., Smau, R., Šmída, R., Sommers, P., Soriano, J. F., Squartini, R., Stadelmaier, M., Stanič, S., Stasielak, J., Stassi, P., Strähnz, S., Straub, M., Suomijärvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Svozilikova, Z., Szadkowski, Z., Tairli, F., Tapia, A., Taricco, C., Timmermans, C., Tkachenko, O., Tobiska, P., Peixoto, C. J. Todero, Tomé, B., Torrès, Z., Travaini, A., Travnicek, P., Tueros, M., Unger, M., Uzeiroska, R., Vaclavek, L., Vacula, M., Galicia, J. F. Valdés, Valore, L., Varela, E., Vašíčková, V., Vásquez-Ramírez, A., Veberič, D., Quispe, I. D. Vergara, Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Vink, J., Vorobiov, S., Watanabe, C., Weindl, A., Wiencke, L., Wilczyński, H., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Yue, B., Yushkov, A., Zapparrata, O., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., and Zavrtanik, M. more...
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: The flux of ultra-high energy cosmic rays reaching Earth above the ankle energy (5 EeV) can be described as a mixture of nuclei injected by extragalactic sources with very hard spectra and a low rigidity cutoff. Extragalactic magnetic fields existing between the Earth and the closest sources can affect the observed CR spectrum by reducing the flux of low-rigidity particles reaching Earth. We perform a combined fit of the spectrum and distributions of depth of shower maximum measured with the Pierre Auger Observatory including the effect of this magnetic horizon in the propagation of UHECRs in the intergalactic space. We find that, within a specific range of the various experimental and phenomenological systematics, the magnetic horizon effect can be relevant for turbulent magnetic field strengths in the local neighbourhood of order $B_{\rm rms}\simeq (50-100)\,{\rm nG}\,(20\rm{Mpc}/{d_{\rm s})( 100\,\rm{kpc}/L_{\rm coh}})^{1/2}$, with $d_{\rm s}$ the typical intersource separation and $L_{\rm coh}$ the magnetic field coherence length. When this is the case, the inferred slope of the source spectrum becomes softer and can be closer to the expectations of diffusive shock acceleration, i.e., $\propto E^{-2}$. An additional cosmic-ray population with higher source density and softer spectra, presumably also extragalactic and dominating the cosmic-ray flux at EeV energies, is also required to reproduce the overall spectrum and composition results for all energies down to 0.6~EeV., Comment: Matches published version more...
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

46. Método multicriterio neutrosófico para el análisis sobre la falta de conformación de circunscripciones territoriales afroecuatorianas de régimen especial

Author: Rodríguez Huera, Erik Jhosue, Méndez Cabrita, Carmen Marina, Arteaga Rosero, Kevin Libardo, and Chugá Montenegro, Joseline Micaela
Published: 2024

47. Las Casas de las Mujeres Indígenas y Afromexicanas en el norte de México ante la Cuarta Transformación y la pandemia global

Author: Arteaga Bohrt, Ana Cecilia
Published: 2024
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48. Impact of stochastic vehicle generation on traffic microsimulation model output.

Author: Antonio Hurtado-Beltran, José R. Pérez-Cruz, and Víctor M. Madrigal-Arteaga
Published: 2025
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49. 3D tomographic study of the collapse of Eucalyptus nitens wood derived from drying process

Author: Herrera, Raúl Espinoza, Olmos, Luis, García, Erica Arreola, Ramos, Juan Gabriel Rivera, Olivera, Jorge Alejandro Ávila, and Arteaga, Dante
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

50. Adherence to Non-Antibiotic Prophylactic Regimens in Women with Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections

Author: Ashmore, Sarah, Geynisman-Tan, Julia, Ehimiaghe, Eseohi, Cheeks, Morgan, Arteaga, Rebecca, Sarkar, Prottusha, and Das, Deepanjana
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

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