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Aims: The aims of this study were: (1) to assess the association of adiponectin, leptin and interleukin-6 (IL-6) with incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in Asian Indian men with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and (2) to evaluate the additional contribution of these with the well-established glycaemic marker HbA1c.Methods: This is an ancillary analyses of a nested case-control study derived from a prospective, prevention trial in India. All the participants had IGT at baseline. For this subanalysis a total of 147 (T2DM: 71; nondiabetic: 76) participants were selected based on the final glycemic outcomes. Association of these selected adipokines with T2DM were assessed using logistic regression analyses. Clinical usefulness of adding adipokine markers with HbA1c on prediction of T2DM was assessed using the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristics.Results: Baseline levels of adiponectin were lower and the levels of IL-6 were higher in T2DM cases when compared with non-diabetic cases (P<0.05). Levels of leptin were similar in both groups. In fully adjusted models, adiponectin (odds ratio (OR): 0.55 [95%CI: 0.33-0.91]; P=0.019) and IL-6 (OR: 2.27 [95%CI: 1.40-3.691]; P=0.001) were associated with diabetes. Addition of adiponectin to HbA1c improved the AUC (ΔAUC: 0.0619; P=0.0251), whereas addition of IL-6 did not improve the predictive power of HbA1c alone.Conclusions: Adiponectin and IL-6 are independently associated with incident diabetes. However, they are unlikely to serve as simple tools to predict future risk of diabetes but may have a role in understanding the pathogenesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE Objectives of this ancillary analysis of a prospective, prevention study among Asian Indians with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) were a) to quantify the reduction in incident diabetes at 24 months in participants who achieved normal glucose tolerance (NGT) at 6 months (NGT-6 m) compared with the other participants, b) the factors influencing the reversal to NGT at the end of the study at 24months (NGT-24 m), and c) to assess changes in cardiometabolic risk factors in different categories of dysglycemia at 24 months. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Data from a 2-year primary prevention trial were used. Effect of reversion to NGT-6 m on incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was analyzed using the Cox proportional hazards model. Predictive variables for reversal to NGT were identified using multiple logistic regression analysis. Changes in cardiometabolic risk factors were estimated according to the final glycemic status using fixed-effect, mixed-linear regression modeling. RESULTS The risk of T2DMin 2 years was lower by 75% in NGT-6 m group (hazard ratio 0.25 [95% CI 0.12-0.52]). Predictive variables for reversal to NGT-24 m were good baseline β-cell function (odds ratio [OR] 2.79 [95% CI 2.30-3.40]) and its further improvement (OR 5.70 [95% CI 4.58-7.08]), and NGT-6 m (OR 2.10 [95% CI 1.14-3.83]). BMI decreased in those who reverted to NGT. Deterioration to T2DM was associated with an increase in the levels of cardiometabolic risk factors. CONCLUSIONS Early reversion to NGT by lifestyle intervention in prediabetic men was associated with a significant reduction in subsequent incidence of diabetes. Good baseline β-cell function and its further improvement and NGT-6 m were associated with reversion to NGT-24 months. Reversion to NGT was associated with modest improvements, whereas conversion to T2DM was associated with significant worsening of the cardiometabolic risk profile. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]