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202 results on '"Arunkumar, Govindakarnavar"'

1. Pathogen genomic surveillance status among lower resource settings in Asia

Author

Getchell, Marya, Wulandari, Suci, de Alwis, Ruklanthi, Agoramurthy, Shreya, Khoo, Yoong Khean, Mak, Tze-Minn, Moe, La, Stona, Anne-Claire, Pang, Junxiong, Momin, Muhd Haziq Fikry Haji Abdul, Amir, Afreenish, Andalucia, Lucia Rizka, Azzam, Ghows, Chin, Savuth, Chookajorn, Thanat, Arunkumar, Govindakarnavar, Hung, Do Thai, Ikram, Aamer, Jha, Runa, Karlsson, Erik A., Le Thi, Mai Quynh, Mahasirimongkol, Surakameth, Malavige, Gathsaurie Neelika, Manning, Jessica E., Munira, Syarifah Liza, Trung, Nguyen Vu, Nisar, Imran, Qadri, Firdausi, Qamar, Farah Naz, Robinson, Matthew T., Saloma, Cynthia P., Setk, Swe, Shirin, Tahmina, Tan, Le Van, Dizon, Timothy John R., Thayan, Ravindran, Thu, Hlaing Myat, Tissera, Hasitha, Xangsayarath, Phonepadith, Zaini, Zainun, Lim, John C. W., Maurer-Stroh, Sebastian, Smith, Gavin J. D., Wang, Lin-Fa, and Pronyk, Paul

Published
2024
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2. Assessment of geographical accessibility to COVID-19 testing facilities in Nepal (2021)Research in context

Author

Parvathy Krishnan Krishnakumari, Hannah Bakker, Nadia Lahrichi, Fannie L. Côté, Joaquim Gromicho, Arunkumar Govindakarnavar, Priya Jha, Saugat Shrestha, Rashmi Mulmi, Nirajan Bhusal, Deepesh Stapith, Runa Jha, Lilee Shrestha, Reuben Samuel, Dhamari Naidoo, and Victor Del Rio Vilas

Subjects
Geospatial data analysis, Access to COVID-19 diagnostic laboratories, Optimised location of health facilities, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Summary: Background: Ensuring equitable physical access to SARS-CoV-2 testing has proven to be crucial for controlling the COVID-19 epidemic, especially in countries like Nepal with its challenging terrain. During the second wave of the pandemic in May 2021, there was immense pressure to expand the laboratory network in Nepal to ensure calibration of epidemic response. The expansion led to an increase in the number of testing facilities from 69 laboratories in May 2021 to 89 laboratories by November 2021. We assessed the equity of physical access to COVID-19 testing facilities in Nepal during 2021. Furthermore, we investigated the potential of mathematical optimisation in improving accessibility to COVID-19 testing facilities. Methods: Based on up-to-date publicly available data sets and on the COVID-19-related daily reports published by Nepal's Ministry of Health and Population from May 1 to November 15, 2021, we measured the disparities in geographical accessibility to COVID-19 testing across Nepal at a resolution of 1 km2. In addition, we proposed an optimisation model to prescribe the best possible locations to set up testing laboratories maximizing access, and tested its potential impact in Nepal. Findings: The analysis identified vulnerable districts where, despite ramping up efforts, physical accessibility to testing facilities remains low under two modes of travel—walking and motorized driving. Both geographical accessibility and its equality were better under the motorised mode compared with the walking mode. If motorised transportation were available to everyone, the population coverage within 60 min of any testing facility (public and private) would be close to threefold the coverage for pedestrians within the same hour: 61.4% motorised against 22.2% pedestrian access within the hour, considering the whole population of Nepal. Very low accessibility was found in most areas except those with private test centres concentrated in the capital city of Kathmandu. The hypothetical use of mathematical optimisation to select 20 laboratories to add to the original 69 could have improved access from the observed 61.4% offered by the laboratories operating in November to 71.4%, if those 20 could be chosen optimally from all existing healthcare facilities in Nepal. In mountainous terrain, accessibility is very low and could not be improved, even considering all existing healthcare facilities as potential testing locations. Interpretation: The findings related to geographical accessibility to COVID-19 testing facilities should provide valuable information for health-related planning in Nepal, especially in emergencies where data might be limited and decisions time-sensitive. The potential use of publicly available data and mathematical optimisation could be considered in the future. Funding: WHO Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR).

Published
2024
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8. Seroprevalence of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in the general population of Nepal during the first and second generalized waves of the COVID‐19 pandemic—2020–2021

Author

Paudel, Krishna Prasad, primary, Samuel, Reuben, additional, Jha, Runa, additional, Pandey, Basu Dev, additional, Edirisuriya, Chathura, additional, Shrestha, Nebin Lal, additional, Gyawali, Pradip, additional, Pokhrel, Amrit, additional, Shrestha, Lilee, additional, Mahato, Ram Kumar, additional, Hossain, Shaikh Shah, additional, Arunkumar, Govindakarnavar, additional, Bose, Anindya Sekhar, additional, Dhimal, Meghnath, additional, Gautam, Dipendra, additional, Neupane, Subash, additional, Thakur, Nishant, additional, Shrestha, Saugat, additional, Bhusal, Nirajan, additional, Jha, Priya, additional, Gupta, Binod Prasad, additional, Rayamajhi, Rajan Bikram, additional, Subedi, Koshal Chandra, additional, Kandel, Shashi, additional, Poudel, Mukesh, additional, Thapa, Lila Bikram, additional, Sharma, Guna Nidhi, additional, Gocotano, Allison Eugenio, additional, Sunny, Avinash K., additional, Gautam, Rabin, additional, Bhatta, Deepak Raj, additional, Awale, Bal Krishna, additional, Roka, Bhola, additional, Ojha, Hemant Chandra, additional, Baral, Phanindra, additional, Adhikari, Mahendra Dhose, additional, Lohani, Guna Raj, additional, Shrestha, Mahendra, additional, Singh, Dipendra Raman, additional, Aryal, Laxman, additional, Pandav, Rajesh Sambhajirao, additional, and Pokhrel, Roshan, additional

Published
2023
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12. Risk Factors for Acquiring Scrub Typhus among Children in Deoria and Gorakhpur Districts, Uttar Pradesh, India, 2017

Author

Thangaraj, Jeromie Wesley Vivian, Vasanthapuram, Ravi, Machado, Leonard, Arunkumar, Govindakarnavar, Sodha, Samir V., Zaman, Kamran, Bhatnagar, Tarun, Hameed, Shafeeq K. Shahul, Kumar, Arun, Abdulmajeed, Jazeel, Velayudhan, Anoop, Deoshatwar, Avinash, Desai, Anita S., Kumar, K. Hemanth, Gupta, Nivedita, Laserson, Kayla, and Murhekar, Manoj

Subjects
Uttar Pradesh, India -- Health aspects, Children -- Health aspects, Risk assessment -- Analysis, Scrub typhus -- Risk factors -- Research, Health
Abstract

Outbreaks of acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) with high case-fatality rates have been reported from Gorakhpur district, Uttar Pradesh, India, for >2 decades. These outbreaks occur during monsoon and postmonsoon seasons [...]

Published
2018
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18. Molecular epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus among children and adults in India 2016 to 2018

Author

Suresh S. Bandla, Arunkumar Govindakarnavar, Oliver C. Dsa, Rushil Bhatt, and Santhosha Devadiga

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Amino acid substitution, Adolescent, Genotype, India, Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections, Respiratory syncytial virus, Biology, Virus, law.invention, Medical microbiology, law, Virology, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Child, Respiratory Tract Infections, Molecular Biology, Phylogeny, Polymerase chain reaction, Aged, Molecular Epidemiology, Original Paper, Respiratory tract infections, Molecular epidemiology, G gene, Infant, Human orthopneumovirus, General Medicine, Reverse transcriptase, Hypervariable region, Child, Preschool, Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human
Abstract

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common cause of respiratory tract infections among children less than 5 years of age and the elderly. This study intended to determine the circulating genotypes of RSV among severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) cases during the period 2016–2018 in India, among hospitalized acute febrile illness cases of age ranging from 1 to 65 years. Throat/nasopharyngeal swab samples were subjected for testing RSV and subgroups by real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), further sequencing and phylogenetic analysis were performed for the second hypervariable region of the G gene. RSV-A and B subtypes co-circulated during the years 2016, 2017, and 2018, with RSV-A as the dominant subtype in 2016, and RSV-B as the dominant subgroup in 2017 and 2018. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the circulating genotypes of RSV were GA2 (16/16), of RSV-A, and GB5 (23/23) of RSV-B in the South, North, and Northeast region of India during the period between 2016 and 2018. Here we report the first study comprising the distribution of RSV-A and B genotypes in the different geographic regions of India among children and adults during the year 2016 to 2018. We also report GA2.3.7 lineage of GA2 genotype for the first time in India to the best of our knowledge. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11262-021-01859-4.

Published
2021

19. Author response for 'Results from the second WHO external quality assessment for the molecular detection of respiratory syncytial virus, 2019–2020'

Author

null Thomas Williams, null Sandra Jackson, null Ian Barr, null Shabana Bi, null Jinal Bhiman, null Joanna Ellis, null Anne von Gottberg, null Stephen Lindstrom, null Teresa Peret, null Sanjiv Rughooputh, null Mariana Viegas, null Siddhivinayak Hirve, null Maria Zambon, null Wenqing Zhang, null Ndongo Dia, null Norosoa Razanazatovo, null Ajaeb Dakhilalla M. H. Al‐Nabet, null Abdinasir Abubakar, null Almiro Tivane, null Amal Barakat, null Amel Naguib, null Ammar Aziz, null Andrea Vicari, null Ann Moen, null Arunkumar Govindakarnavar, null Aron Hall, null Badarch Darmaa, null Bastien Nathalie, null Belinda Herring, null Braulia C. Caetano, null Brett Whittaker, null Elsa Baumeister, null Emmanuel Nakouné, null Erica Guthrie, null Francis Inbanathan, null Harish Nair, null Harry Campbell, null Herve A. Kadjo, null Hicham Oumzil, null Jean‐Michel Heraud, null Joshua A. Mott, null Joyce Namulondo, null Juliana Leite, null Karen Nahapetyan, null Lubna Al Ariqi, null Mahmoud Hamad Ibraheem Gazo, null Mandeep Chadha, null Maria Pisareva, null Marietjie Venter, null Marilda M. Siqueira, null Mayan Lumandas, null Mbayame Niang, null Mona Albuaini, null Muhammad Salman, null Steve Oberste, null Padmini Srikantiah, null Patrick Tang, null Paula Couto, null Peter Smith, null Peter Valentine Coyle, null Philippe Dussart, null Phuong Nam Nguyen, null Pilailuk Akkapaiboon Okada, null Pushpa Ranjan Wijesinghe, null Reuben Samuel, null Richard Brown, null Richard Pebody, null Rodrigo Fasce, null Runa Jha, null Sue Gerber, null Varsha Potdar, null Xiaomin Dong, null Yi Mo Deng, and null WHO RSV Surveillance Group

Published
2022

26. Kinetics of human infection with Kyasanur Forest Disease Virus.

Author

Devadiga, Santhosha and Arunkumar, Govindakarnavar

Subjects
FLAVIVIRUSES, RNA, DYNAMICS, VIREMIA
Abstract

Background: Kyasanur Forest disease (KFD) was first reported in 1957 and became an emerging tick-borne viral disease of public health importance in India. However, very little is known about the host-virus interaction and pathogenesis of KFD in humans. This study described the presence, duration, and kinetics of KFDV RNA in body fluids in infected human cases.Methodology: We enrolled 76 laboratory-confirmed KFD individuals and followed them up in the study. We obtained serial samples of blood, throat swabs in viral transport medium (VTM), urine, stool, and semen during the acute and convalescent phase of KFD illness. In addition, specimens were inactivated, and nucleic acid was extracted and tested for KFDV real-time reverse transcriptase -PCR. Clinical data was also obtained from the subjects.Result: The study provides evidence of KFD virus RNA in different biological body fluids of humans. The percentage positivity of KFDV RNA in blood was 100% during the first four days of illness. PCR became negative in most cases by 7-8 days; a subset of cases (14%) had prolonged viremia for up to 15 days post-onset of illness. Relatively low copies of KFDV RNA were also detected in throat swabs and urine in the first week of illness. In addition, we detected KFDV RNA in stool samples of cases of those who had diarrhea at an early stage of infection.Conclusion: The study provides evidence of KFDV RNA in different biological body fluids, which will help understand the pathogenesis, transmission pattern and develop diagnostic algorithms of KFDV in humans. In Kyasanur Forest disease infection, the blood has more RNA copies/ml than other body fluids, and viremia may last up to two weeks post-infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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27. Genetic analysis of Enterovirus D68 associated with pneumonia in children from South India

Author

Sanjay, Ramachandran Erathodi, primary, Sabeena, Sasidharanpillai, additional, Robin, Sudandiradas, additional, Shaji, John T., additional, Jayakrishnan, M. P., additional, Suresh, E. K. Kumar, additional, Michael, C. J., additional, Aswathyraj, S., additional, Josmi, Joseph, additional, Shahin, Sheik, additional, Anup, Jayaram, additional, and Arunkumar, Govindakarnavar, additional

Published
2021
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32. Coxsackievirus-B4 Infection Can Induce the Expression of Human Endogenous Retrovirus W in Primary Cells

Author

Dechaumes, Arthur, primary, Bertin, Antoine, additional, Sane, Famara, additional, Levet, Sandrine, additional, Varghese, Jennifer, additional, Charvet, Benjamin, additional, Gmyr, Valéry, additional, Kerr-Conte, Julie, additional, Pierquin, Justine, additional, Arunkumar, Govindakarnavar, additional, Pattou, François, additional, Perron, Hervé, additional, and Hober, Didier, additional

Published
2020
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35. Community-Based Prevalence of Genital Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) Infection: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Author

Sabeena, Sasidharanpillai, Bhat, Parvati V, Kamath, Veena, Bhat, Shashikala K, Nair, Sreekumaran, N, Ravishankar, Chandrabharani, Kiran, and Arunkumar, Govindakarnavar

Subjects
Cancer screening, HPV, cervical cancer, Human Papilloma Virus, prevalence, community, Research Article
Abstract

Introduction: Cervical cancer probably represents the best-studied human cancer caused by a viral infection and the causal association of this preventable cancer with human papilloma virus (HPV) is well established. Worldwide there is a scarcity of data regarding HPV prevalence with vast differences existing among populations. Objective: The aim of this meta-analysis was to determine the community-based HPV prevalence estimates among asymptomatic women from urban and rural set ups and in participants of cancer screening clinics. Study design: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: PubMed-Medline, CINAHL, Scopus, and Google scholar were systematically searched for studies providing prevalence data for HPV infection among asymptomatic women between 1986 and 2016. Results: The final analysis included 32 studies comprising a population of 224,320 asymptomatic women. The overall pooled HPV prevalence was 11% (95% confidence interval (CI), 9%-12%). The pooled HPV prevalence of 11% (95% CI, 9%-11%) was observed among women attending cervical cancer screening clinics. The pooled HPV prevalences were 10% (95% CI 8%-12%) and 11% (95% CI 4%-18%) from urban and rural areas respectively, indicating higher infection rates among the rural women with the least access to cancer screening and cancer care. Conclusion: The prevalence rates in this systematic quantitative review provide a reliable estimate of the burden of HPV infection among asymptomatic women from developed as well as developing nations. Rural women and women attending cervical cancer screening programmes feature higher genital HPV prevalences compared to their urban counterparts.

Published
2017

37. Clinical Manifestations of Nipah Virus–Infected Patients Who Presented to the Emergency Department During an Outbreak in Kerala State in India, May 2018

Author

Chandni, Radhakrishnan, primary, Renjith, T P, primary, Fazal, Arshad, primary, Yoosef, Noufel, primary, Ashhar, C, primary, Thulaseedharan, N K, primary, Suraj, K P, primary, Sreejith, M K, primary, Sajeeth Kumar, K G, primary, Rajendran, V R, primary, Remla Beevi, A, primary, Sarita, R L, primary, Sugunan, Attayur P, primary, Arunkumar, Govindakarnavar, primary, Mourya, D T, primary, and Murhekar, Manoj, primary

Published
2019
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40. The Utility of Urine-Based Sampling for Cervical Cancer Screening in Low-Resource Settings

Author

Sabeena, Sasidharanpillai, primary, Kuriakose, Santhosh, additional, Binesh, Damodaran, additional, Abdulmajeed, Jazeel, additional, Dsouza, Giselle, additional, Ramachandran, Amrutha, additional, Vijaykumar, Bindu, additional, Aswathyraj, Sushama, additional, Devadiga, Santhosha, additional, Ravishankar, Nagaraja, additional, and Arunkumar, Govindakarnavar, additional

Published
2019
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44. Adaptive Immune Responses in Humans During Nipah Virus Acute and Convalescent Phases of Infection

Author

Arunkumar, Govindakarnavar, primary, Devadiga, Santhosha, additional, McElroy, Anita K, additional, Prabhu, Suresh, additional, Sheik, Shahin, additional, Abdulmajeed, Jazeel, additional, Robin, Sudandiradas, additional, Sushama, Aswathyraj, additional, Jayaram, Anup, additional, Nittur, Sudheesh, additional, Shakir, Mohammed, additional, Kumar, Keeriyatt Govindan Sajeeth, additional, Radhakrishnan, Chandni, additional, Sakeena, Karayil, additional, Vasudevan, Jayasree, additional, Reena, Kalathil Joseph, additional, Sarita, Ragini Lohithakshan, additional, Klena, John D, additional, Spiropoulou, Christina F, additional, Laserson, Kayla F, additional, and Nichol, Stuart T, additional

Published
2019
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45. Geographical distribution of primary & secondary dengue cases in India – 2017: A cross-sectional multicentric study

Author

Arunkumar, Govindakarnavar, primary, Rao, Chaitra, additional, Kaur, Harmanmeet, additional, Gupta, Nivedita, additional, Sabeena, SasidharanPillai, additional, Ambica, R, additional, Jain, Amita, additional, Yadav, Ashvini, additional, Dwibedi, Bhagirathi, additional, Malhotra, Bharti, additional, Kakru, DalipK, additional, Biswas, Debasis, additional, Savargaonkar, Deepali, additional, Ganesan, M, additional, Sabat, Jyotsnamayee, additional, Dhingra, Kanwardeep, additional, Lalitha, S, additional, Valecha, Neena, additional, Madhavilatha, Pamireddy, additional, Barde, PradipV, additional, Joshi, PiyushD, additional, Sharma, Pratibha, additional, Gupta, Rajarshi, additional, Ratho, RK, additional, Sidhu, Shailpreet, additional, Shrivastava, ShaktiSaumnam, additional, Dutta, Shanta, additional, Shantala, GB, additional, Imtiaz, Sheikh, additional, Sethi, Shveta, additional, Kalawat, Usha, additional, Vijayachari, P, additional, Raj, Vimal, additional, Vijay, Neetu, additional, Borkakoty, Biswajyoti, additional, Barua, Purnima, additional, and Majumdar, Tapan, additional

Published
2019
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46. Persistence of Nipah Virus RNA in Semen of Survivor

Author

Arunkumar, Govindakarnavar, primary, Abdulmajeed, Jazeel, additional, Santhosha, Devadiga, additional, Aswathyraj, Sushama, additional, Robin, Sudandiradas, additional, Jayaram, Anup, additional, Radhakrishnan, Chandni, additional, Sajeeth, Kumar K G, additional, Sakeena, Karayil, additional, Jayasree, Vasudevan, additional, Reena, Joseph K, additional, and Sarita, Lohitakshan R, additional

Published
2018
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47. Towards global health security: response to the May 2018 Nipah virus outbreak linked to Pteropus bats in Kerala, India

Author

Sadanadan, Rajeev, primary, Arunkumar, Govindakarnavar, additional, Laserson, Kayla F, additional, Heretik, Katherine Hartman, additional, Singh, Sujeet, additional, Mourya, Devendra T, additional, Gangakhedkar, Raman R, additional, Gupta, Nivedita, additional, Sharma, Rajeev, additional, Dhuria, Meera, additional, Jain, Sudhir Kumar, additional, Nichol, Stuart, additional, Gupta, Promila, additional, and Bhargava, Balram, additional

Published
2018
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48. Acute flaccid paralysis due to West nile virus infection in adults: A paradigm shift entity

Author

Maramattom, Boby, Philips, Geetha, Sudheesh, Nittur, and Arunkumar, Govindakarnavar

Subjects
West Nile fever -- Case studies, Paralysis -- Case studies, Neurological research, Health
Abstract

Byline: Boby. Maramattom, Geetha. Philips, Nittur. Sudheesh, Govindakarnavar. Arunkumar Three cases of acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) with preceding fever are described. One patient had a quadriparesis with a florid meningoencephalitic [...]

Published
2014

50. Development and Evaluation of a Mobile App for Guiding Rabies Prophylaxis among Health-Care Professionals in India.

Author

Swathi, Muralidhar, Sabeena, Sasidharanpillai, Abdulmajeed, Jazeel, Pattanaik, Sarthak, Dsa, Oliver, Shubha, H. S., Varma, Muralidhar, Bhatt, Puneet, Ravishankar, Nagaraja, and Arunkumar, Govindakarnavar

Subjects
RABIES prevention, STATISTICAL correlation, INTERNET, WEB development, PREVENTIVE health services, QUESTIONNAIRES, RABIES, RELIABILITY (Personality trait), RESEARCH evaluation, SOFTWARE architecture, MOBILE apps, TERTIARY care
Abstract

Background: The majority of dog-mediated human rabies as well as rabies-related human deaths are reported from low-income countries of Asia and Africa where access to appropriate postexposure prophylaxis is limited or nonexistent. At present, India is second in position after China in terms of having the highest number of mobile phone users surpassing the United States. Objective: In this context, we decided to develop a user-friendly, technically less demanding, mobile App for health-care professionals, which is accessible even without Internet facility. Methodology: The current study was conducted in four phases, namely assemblage of informational contents on rabies, development of the software, assessment of the reliability of the questionnaire tool and evaluation of the mobile App. The evaluation of App was conducted among physicians and nursing staffs in a tertiary care referral hospital. Results: The information content was prepared referring national and international guidelines. The App was designed with Hypertext Markup Language 5 for presentation on the World Wide Web and was coined the name of "RabiApp." This is a hybrid App of the native App and web App, allowing the information to be stored in the local server. The mobile App was assessed using a validated and reliable questionnaire after confirming the internal consistency by means of Cronbach's alpha. The overall Cronbach's alpha for the main scale was 0.788, which was a respectable score. Conclusion: The developed App is a user-friendly, easily accessible platform, which can help health-care professionals in making decisions regarding rabies wound management, treatment, and prophylaxis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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