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Perform a systematic review to evaluate the influence of smoking on the effectiveness of tooth whitening (TW) and to analyze whether tooth sensitivity is different between smokers and non-smokers.A systematic review modeled according to the PRISMA guidelines was conducted. PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane, Scopus, and OpenGrey databases were searched for related clinical trials. The population, exposure, comparison, outcomes (PECO) was individuals who had TW performed, smoking individuals, non-smoking individuals, and effectiveness of TW, respectively. Risk of bias was assessed with the ROBINS-I tool, and data from included studies were extracted by two researchers independently. The certainty of the evidence was evaluated using the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations) approach.Five studies were selected for qualitative analysis. The ROBINS-I tool classified 3 studies as having a moderate risk of bias, one study as having a serious risk of bias, and one with a critical risk. GRADE performed only for color change results and showed a low certainty of evidence. Limited evidence suggests that effectiveness of TW between smokers and non-smokers is similar. The tooth sensitivity also does not seem to be influenced by smoking. Due to the heterogeneity of the data, a meta-analysis could not be performed.Effectiveness of TW between smokers and non-smokers is comparable. The tooth sensitivity also does not seem to be influenced by smoking.The effectiveness of bleaching among smokers and non-smokers appears to be similar. Tooth sensitivity during TW also appears not to be influenced by smoking.

Purpose To analyze the current evidence on the impact of surface finishing protocols (such as manual polishing or glazing) on the color stability of in vitro simulated pigmentation of CAD/CAM ceramics. Materials and methods Five electronic databases were searched on February 12, 2020. In vitro experimental studies were included based on the following strategy: intervention = surface treatment of CAD/CAM ceramics with glazing agents; comparison = surface treatment of CAD/CAM ceramics with manual polishing; and outcomes = color stability. Two reviewers independently assessed the risk of bias. Results Among 1,390 articles that were screened, 6 in vitro studies were considered for qualitative analysis. Five articles confirmed changes in the color of ceramics when they were immersed in pigmented solutions. One article investigated the color stability of the samples via ultraviolet (UV) aging. Among the 6 studies analyzed, 4 showed clinically acceptable color alteration values represented by ΔE irrespective of the finishing protocol applied (glazing or mechanical polishing). Two articles presented clinically unsatisfactory color variation (ΔE > 3.3 and ΔE > 2.7) following mechanical polishing of a zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate ceramic. Coffee and red wine proved to be the beverages with the greatest potential for ceramic pigmentation. Only 1 article had a high risk of bias. Conclusion For clinicians, most of the studies demonstrated that both manual polishing and glaze application can prevent significant color alterations on CAD/CAM ceramic surfaces. However, due to the relatively limited amount of evidence to support this conclusion, further studies must be conducted.

Alternative whitening strategies to hydrogen peroxide have been proposed, such as the inclusion of abrasive and/or pigmented particles in the toothpaste. This study compared the whitening effectiveness of a toothpaste containing Blue Covarine (BC) vs. an in-office whitening treatment using 35% hydrogen peroxide (HP) in teeth stained. Bovine incisors blocks (6.0x6.0x2.0 mm) were stained with green tea (GT), orange soda (OS), or red wine (RW). The samples were randomly assigned into 8 groups (n=15), according to the type of staining and whitening treatment: G1 – no staining, BC (Control); G2 – no staining, HP (Control); G3 – GT, BC; G4 – GT, HP; G5 – OS, BC; G6 – OS, HP; G7 – RW, BC; G8 – RW, HP. Color change (ΔE), luminosity (L*), green-red axis (a*), and blue-yellow axis (b*) were recorded with spectroscopy at T0 – baseline, T1 – immediately after toothbrushing or in-office tooth whitening, and T2 – after the conclusion of the treatments. The whiteness index for dentistry (WID) was calculated. Data were analyzed by two-way repeated measured mixed ANOVA and Bonferroni test (α=0.05). HP showed a better whitening performance (ΔE) (p ≤ 0.042). Otherwise, no effects of the whitening agent were observed (p = 1.000). Data from ΔL, Δa, and Δb showed statistically significant differences for experimental groups (p < 0.001). In the WID analysis, BC and HP had similar effects within control and RW groups. In conclusion, blue covarine toothpaste may be a viable option for extrinsically stained teeth. However, for severe staining, HP-based whitening agents proved to be the most effective treatment strategy.Keywords: Tooth Bleaching. Dentifrices. Color. ResumoEstratégias de clareamento alternativas ao peróxido de hidrogênio têm sido propostas, como a inclusão de partículas abrasivas e/ou pigmentadas nos cremes dentais. Este estudo comparou a eficácia clareadora de um creme dental contendo Blue Covarine (BC) com um tratamento de clareamento em consultório com peróxido de hidrogênio a 35% (HP) em dentes pigmentados. Blocos de incisivos bovinos (6,0x6,0x2,0 mm) foram pigmentados com chá verde (GT), refrigerante de laranja (OS) ou vinho tinto (RW). As amostras foram distribuídas aleatoriamente em 8 grupos (n = 15), de acordo com o tipo de pigmento e tratamento clareador: G1 - sem coloração, CB (Controle); G2 - sem coloração, HP (Controle); G3 - GT, BC; G4 - GT, HP; G5 - OS, BC; G6 - SO, HP; G7 - RW, BC; G8 - RW, HP. Mudança de cor (ΔE), luminosidade (L *), eixo verde-vermelho (a*) e eixo azul-amarelo (b*) foram registrados com espectroscopia em T0 - baseline, T1 - imediatamente após a escovação ou clareamento dental em consultório, e T2 - após a conclusão dos tratamentos. O índice de brancura para odontologia (WID) foi calculado. Os dados foram analisados por ANOVA mista de duas vidas para medidas repetidas e teste de Bonferroni (α = 0,05). HP apresentou melhor desempenho de clareamento (ΔE) (p ≤ 0,042). Os dados de ΔL, Δa e Δb mostraram diferenças estatisticamente significativas para os grupos experimentais (p

Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T10:59:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-01-01 This study evaluated the persistence of eugenol-containing (PR, Provy) or eugenol-free (RT, Relyx Temp, and TB, Temp Bond) temporary cement residues and its effects on push-out bond strength and dentinal penetration of the self-adhesive resin cement (Relyx U200). Eighty human roots were endodontically treated and post space prepared. Fourty specimens were distributed in four groups (n = 10): Control (CO), without any clinical procedure, PR, RT, and TB, where a metallic post was cemented with one of the temporary cements. After metallic post removal, hemi sections post space were submitted to SEM analysis. Another specimens were distributed in similar groups, but fiberglass post was cemented using Relyx U200 cement and submitted to push-out bond strength and dentinal penetration cement analysis, in post space thirds. SEM analysis were evaluated by Kruskal–Wallis and Dunn tests, while bond strength and dentinal penetration were evaluated by ANOVA One-Way and Tukey test (p

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-29T08:29:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-06-01 Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of surface treatments with 1% peracetic acid (PA), solution containing 17% EDTA (SmearClear, Kerr Endodontics), solution containing a combination of 17% EDTA with 2% chlorhexidine (QMix, Dentsply Sirona) on the post-space root dentin compared to 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) on bond strength and resin tags length in dentin. Material and Methods: Forty human-canine roots were endodontically treated and the post space was prepared. The specimens were randomised into four groups (n = 10): control - irrigation with 2.5% NaOCl solution, PA - irrigation with 1% PA, SmearClear - irrigation with SmearClear solution, and QMix - irrigation with QMix solution. The fibre posts were cemented using a self-adhesive resin system (Relyx U200, 3M ESPE). After six months, the specimens were cross-sectioned and subjected to push-out and confocal laser microscopy tests. One-way ANOVA and Tukey's tests were used to analyse the data (a= 0.05). Results: PA and QMix presented the highest bond strength values compared to the other groups (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the resin tags length in dentin by the groups (p = 0.75). Conclusions: Irrigation of the post space with 1% PA and QMix showed a positive clinical impact on the adhesion between the fiber post and root dentin. However, these materials had no influence on resin tags length in dentin by self-adhesive resin cement. Department of Restorative Dentistry Araraquara School of Dentistry São Paulo State University (UNESP) School of Dentistry Federal University of Para (UFPA) Department of Restorative Dentistry Bauru School of Dentistry University of Sao Paulo (USP) Department of Restorative Dentistry Araraquara School of Dentistry São Paulo State University (UNESP)

To evaluate the occurrence of developmental defects of enamel (DDE) in children and adolescents with Cerebral Palsy (CP) and to analyze the effect of common factors in the etiology of CP on the occurrence of DDE. A case–control study was carried out using the modified DDE index to classify enamel defects. The study group (SG) consisted of 45 participants with CP aged between three and 14 years. The control group (CG) consisted of 88 normotypical schoolchildren, paired by gender and age group. Caregivers answered a questionnaire on their socioeconomic status and medical history. The Chi-square tests, bivariate and multivariate analysis were performed (level significance

To evaluate the heart rate (HR) and behaviour of children and teenagers with Cerebral Palsy (CP) when having a dental appointment. A comparative cross-sectional study was carried out with 60 participants with CP, between 2 and 14 years old (study group—SG), and 60 normotypical individuals (CG). The sample was paired according to age, gender and socioeconomic status. Behaviour was evaluated during dental prophylaxis using the Frankl Scale, and HR was measured at five moments: before the appointment, when sitting in the dental chair, during the clinical examination, during prophylaxis and immediately after prophylaxis. Mann–Whitney, Friedman and Chi-square tests were applied at a significance level of 5%. SG presented significantly higher HR (p

The objective of this in vitro study was to assess the effects of two antioxidants (sodium ascorbate [SA] and alpha-tocopherol [AT]) on the adhesive interface and dentin bond strength immediately after bleaching with 38 % hydrogen peroxide (38HP) in endodontically-treated teeth. Two stages of experimentation were carried out. Bovine incisors were allocated into four groups (n = 10/group for each experiment): NB, non-bleached restored crowns; 38HP, bleached and immediately restored crowns; 38HP-SA, bleached crowns and SA use; and 38HP-AT, bleached crowns and AT use. Hybrid layer length in dentin (μm) and bond strength (MPa) were assessed with confocal microscopy laser and micro-shear bond strength (μSBS) test, respectively. Failure mode was determined by stereomicroscope. Data analysis was performed with analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Kruskal-Wallis, Dunn, Tukey, and Fisher-exact tests (a = 0.05). Higher values of hybrid layer length were observed similarly in the NB and 38HP-SA groups. The highest μSBS mean values were observed in the NB group (18 .51 ? 1.33), whereas the SBS values for 38HP-AT (1.68 ? 0.32) were similar to the 38HP group (1.61 ? 0.51) (p > 0.05) and significantly lower than the 38HP-SA group (5.78 ? 0.71). Adhesive failures were predominant in the 38HP and 38HP-AT groups. Cohesive and mixed failures were mostly observed in the NB and 38HP-SA groups, respectively. In conclusion, AT has no immediate effect on the hybrid layer formation and μSBS of dentin. Although SA promotes an increase in hybrid layer formation, it was not reflected in the μSBS values.

Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T10:18:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-11-01 Background: Endodontically treated teeth with extensive structural damage present higher fragility due to the low amount and worse quality of the reminiscent tissues of the crown. Materials and Methods: The present in vitro study evaluated the effect of different intraradicular retainers and cementation agents on the fracture resistance of devitalized teeth. Incisive teeth (n = 40) of bovine mandibles were used. After preparation of the root canals, they were immersed in polyether, in a polyvinyl chloride cylinder containing acrylic resin, to simulate the periodontal ligament. The specimens were randomly divided into four groups (n = 10), according to the type of retainer (anatomical or main with accessory posts) and resin cement used (conventional resin cement-RelyX ARC or self-adhesive resin cement-RelyX U200). The specimens were stored in distilled water at 37°C and submitted to fracture resistance testing. ANOVA and Tukey's test were applied for data analysis, with significance level set at 5%. Results: There was no interaction between cement type and intraradicular retainers (P = 0.56) or even between the types of cement used (P = 0.65). However, in the variation of the types of retainers, the group using main with accessory posts presented greater resistance to the fracture than the anatomical post (P = 0.04). Conclusion: Different cementing agents have no effect on the fracture strength of devitalized teeth, unlike the use of posts, in which the use of accessory post proved more resistant when compared to the anatomical post. Department of Prosthesis and Periodontics School of Dentistry Campinas University Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics School of Dentistry Saõ Paulo State University (Unesp), 1680 Humaita Street, Centro Department of Restorative Dentistry School of Dentistry Saõ Paulo State University (Unesp) Department of Dentistry School of Dentistry Wyden Educational Group FACID WYDEN Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics School of Dentistry Saõ Paulo State University (Unesp), 1680 Humaita Street, Centro Department of Restorative Dentistry School of Dentistry Saõ Paulo State University (Unesp)

Objective: The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth restored with different intraradicular posts (carbon fibers, glass, or quartz) with varying post diameters (narrow, medium, or large). Methodology: One hundred and twenty bovine incisors were endodontically treated and the post space was prepared. The teeth were classified according to distinct diameters post space [Narrow (0.91-1.49mm), Medium (1.5-2.08mm), Large (2.09mm-2.67mm)] and randomly allocated to four restorative treatments: control (CO) - without post; and glass fiber (GF), carbon (CF) or quartz (QF) posts. The posts were cemented with dual-cure resin cement (Duo Link, Bisco, Schaumburg, United States) and the coronary portion was reconstructed with dual-cure resin composite (Bis-Core, Bisco, Schaumburg, United States). Fracture resistance values (N) were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni test (α=0.05). Results: The carbon fiber post (CF) was mechanical behavior similar to the other evaluated posts, regardless of the diameter. The control group (without post) showed the highest values of fracture resistance (1013.8 - 1127.2 N) in relation to the groups with the different evaluated posts (236.1 - 615.1 N). Within the same material, the diameter influenced the fracture strength only of the quartz fiber post, with the highest values for diameter large. Conclusion: A larger diameter only gives greater fracture resistance for QF; CF posts have similar resistance to other posts, regardless of diameter; and for large diameter, the type of post used does not differ in fracture resistance. Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio in vitro fue evaluar la resistencia a la fractura de dientes tratados endodónticamente restaurados con diferentes postes intrarradiculares (fibra de carbono, vidrio o cuarzo) con diferentes diámetros de poste (estrecho, mediano o grande). Metodología: Ciento veinte incisivos bovinos fueron tratados endodónticamente y se preparó el espacio del poste. Los dientes se clasificaron según distintos diámetros post espacio [Estrecho (0,91-1,49 mm), Medio (1,5-2,08 mm), Grande (2,09 mm-2,67 mm)] y asignados aleatoriamente a cuatro tratamientos restauradores: control (CO) - sin correo; y postes de fibra de vidrio (GF), carbono (CF) o cuarzo (QF). Los postes se cementaron con cemento de resina de curado dual (Duo Link, Bisco, Schaumburg, Estados Unidos) y la porción coronaria se reconstruyó con composite de resina de curado dual (Bis-Core, Bisco, Schaumburg, Estados Unidos). Los valores de resistencia a la fractura (N) se analizaron mediante ANOVA de dos vías y prueba de Bonferroni (α=0.05) Resultados: El poste de fibra de carbono (CF) tuvo un comportamiento mecánico similar a los demás postes evaluados, independientemente del diámetro. El grupo control (sin poste) presentó los mayores valores de resistencia a la fractura (1013,8 - 1127,2 N) en relación a los grupos con los diferentes postes evaluados (236,1 - 615,1 N). Dentro del mismo material, el diámetro influyó en la resistencia a la fractura únicamente del poste de fibra de cuarzo, con los valores más altos para el diámetro grande. Conclusión: A mayor diámetro solo se obtiene mayor resistencia a la fractura para QF; Los postes CF tienen una resistencia similar a otros postes, independientemente del diámetro; y para diámetro grande, el tipo de poste utilizado no difiere en la resistencia a la fractura. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo in vitro foi avaliar a resistência à fratura de dentes tratados endodonticamente restaurados com diferentes pinos intrarradiculares (fibras de carbono, vidro ou quartzo) com diâmetros variados (estreito, médio ou grande). Metodologia: Cento e vinte incisivos bovinos foram tratados endodonticamente e o espaço do pino foi preparado. Os dentes foram classificados de acordo com os diâmetros distintos do espaço do pino [Estreito (0,91-1,49mm), Médio (1,5-2,08mm), Grande (2,09mm-2,67mm)] e alocados aleatoriamente em quatro tratamentos restauradores: controle (CO) - sem pinos; e pinos de fibra de vidro (GF), carbono (CF) ou quartzo (QF). Os pinos foram cimentados com cimento resinoso de cura dual (Duo Link, Bisco, Schaumburg, Estados Unidos) e a porção coronária foi reconstruída com resina composta de cura dual (Bis-Core, Bisco, Schaumburg, Estados Unidos). Os valores de resistência à fratura (N) foram analisados ​​por ANOVA a dois fatores e teste de Bonferroni (α=0,05). Resultados: O pino de fibra de carbono (CF) apresentou comportamento mecânico semelhante aos demais pinos avaliados, independente do diâmetro. O grupo controle (sem pino) apresentou os maiores valores de resistência à fratura (1013,8 - 1127,2 N) em relação aos grupos com os diferentes pinos avaliados (236,1 - 615,1 N). Dentro do mesmo material, o diâmetro influenciou a resistência à fratura apenas do pino de fibra de quartzo, com os maiores valores para diâmetro grande. Conclusão: Um diâmetro maior só confere maior resistência à fratura para QF. Os pinos CF apresentam resistência semelhante a outros pinos, independente do diâmetro. Para diâmetro grande, o tipo de pino utilizado não difere na resistência à fratura.

The influence of different glaze firing protocols and cooling on the behavior of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) ceramics is unclear.The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the influence of different glaze firing protocols on the abrasion resistance, surface roughness, microhardness, and brittleness index of CAD-CAM ceramics.Rectangular specimens of IPS e.max CAD (MAX), IPS Empress CAD (PRE), and CEREC Blocs (CER) were obtained and divided into 5 groups according to the glaze firing protocol (n=8): control (CO), 1 conventional glaze firing (GF), 2 conventional glaze firings (GFGroups GFCeramic specimens with conventional glaze firing presented less surface wear than those with extended glaze firing. The number of firings did not have a statistically significant influence.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the dental caries experience and its associated factors in homeless persons. A non-probabilistic sample of 176 participants (mean age 37.8 years) was included in this cross-sectional study. Interviews and clinical examinations were performed. Dental caries experience was recorded based on the decayed, missing and filled teeth-index (DMFT). The dental caries experience was observed among 98.9 % of participants (mean DMFT 11.0 ± 6.95). Individuals in the “Over 44 years” age groups (PR = 1.4; 95 % CI = 1.1-1.6) and “30 to 36 years” (PR = 1.2; 95 % CI = 1.0 -1.4) had significantly higher caries experience. Individuals who do not brush or brush only 1x/day have 40 % and 20 % higher caries experience, respectively. Homeless persons had a high experience of dental caries, with significant tooth loss. Individuals in the advanced age groups, lack of income and non-achievement or low frequency of tooth brushing are factors associated with a greater experience of the disease in these individuals.

This in vitro study evaluated the anti-erosive effect of an experimental varnish containing 5% stannous chloride (SnCl₂) associated with different concentrations of NaF (NaF-free, 2.5% NaF, or 5.2% NaF) on bovine enamel and root dentin. One hundred samples were pre-eroded (0.3% citric acid, pH 2.6, 10 min) and randomized into five groups (n=10 for each substrate): Negative control - milli-Q water; NaF-free - Experimental varnish SnCl₂-free and NaF-free; 2.5 NaF - Experimental varnish 5% SnCl₂ associated with 2.5% NaF; 5.2 NaF: Experimental varnish 5% SnCl₂ associated with 5.2% NaF and positive control - Commercial varnish containing 5% NaF (Duraphat). After the varnishes were applied, the erosive and abrasive challenges were carried out for five days. Loss of tooth structure (TSL) was determined by optical profilometry, and the loss of calcium (ΔCa2+) using atomic absorption spectroscopy. Dentin analysis was also performed by SEM. A one-way ANOVA/Bonferroni test was performed to analyze the data (α=0.05). The experimental 2.5 NaF and 5.2 NaF groups showed greater effectiveness in preventing TSL when compared to the other groups (p

Poor oral hygiene seems to be the norm in children and teenagers with Down Syndrome (DS). Advances in design and types of toothbrushes may improve biofilm control. This randomized, single-blind, crossover clinical trial evaluated the effectiveness of electric toothbrushes regarding mechanical control of biofilm in children and teenagers with DS and their cooperation. Twenty-nine participants with DS, aged 6 to 14 years, used both types of toothbrushes: electric (ET) and manual (MT). The order of use of the different types of toothbrushes was randomly defined, including a 7-day period with each type with 7-day washout period in between. The Turesky-Quigley-Hein biofilm index was used before and after brushing to assess the effectiveness of the technique. Frankl’s behavioral scale was used during toothbrushing to assess the participants’ cooperation. Paired T-test, Mann Whitney, Chi-square, and Fisher’s Exact tests were applied, with a significance level of 5%. The quantity of dental biofilm was significantly reduced after both brushing techniques (p < 0.001). However, no significant difference was found in total biofilm (ET: 0.73 ± 0.36; MT: 0.73 ± 0.34; p = 0.985) or % biofilm reduction (ET: 72.22%; MT: 70.96%; p = 0.762) after brushing between techniques or in % biofilm reduction between toothbrushes of age groups (6 –9 years, p = 0.919; 10–14 years, p = 0.671). Participants showed similar cooperation level with the two types of toothbrush (p = 1.000). The use of electric or manual toothbrush had no effect on the quantity of dental biofilm removed in children and teenagers with DS, nor did it influence their cooperation during the procedure.

The objective of the study was to evaluate marginal adaptation of Class II mesial-occlusal-distal (MOD) restorations before and after thermo-mechanical loading and volumetric shrinkage of the bulk-fill vs conventional composite resin. For marginal adaptation assessment, 24 Class II MOD cavities with cervical margins extending 1.0 mm below (distal) and 1.0 mm beyond (mesial) the cement-enamel junction were prepared in extracted human molars. The teeth were filled as follows: Group A - bulk-fill with SureFil SDR flow (first increment, 4 mm; second increment, 2 mm); Group B - bulk-fill with SureFil SDR flow as a base (first increment, 4 mm) and covered with the conventional nanohybrid composite Esthet-X HD (second increment, 2 mm); and Group C - incrementally filled with Esthet-X HD. Marginal adaptation was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy before and after thermomechanical loading (240,000 loading cycles and simultaneous 600 thermal cycles). To evaluate volumetric polymerization shrinkage, a semi-spherical mold was filled with the tested composites and placed in an AccuVol device after light curing. Both before and after loading, marginal adaptation in cervical dentin was superior (p < 0.05) for Groups A and B compared with Group C. In cervical enamel, Group B showed better marginal adaptation than Group C, and Group A presented intermediary results, between Groups B and C. Furthermore, bulk-fill flow resulted in greater shrinkage than Esthet-X HD. A significant improvement of marginal adaptation was observed when bulkfill flow was used instead of conventional composite resin both before and after thermomechanical loading. However, the bulk-fill flow presented higher volumetric polymerization shrinkage than the conventional composite.

Dentistry undergraduates do not acquire much experience managing Patients with Special Needs (PSN) during their university training. This knowledge deficit contributes to the situation where PSNs face barriers to accessing oral health services. This study was a cross-sectional, descriptive and exploratory study about the perception of Dentistry students and professors at the Federal University of Piaui (UFPI - Brazil) on whether care of PSN should be included in their course. The reactions of students facing a simulated situation of dental care for PSN was also analyzed. A survey of the situation regarding PSN inclusion at other universities in Brazil was also carried out. Professors and students filled out questionnaires and information regarding university curriculums was collected from their websites. Descriptive data analysis was performed, and Fisher's exact test was applied. Most UFPI students reported never having treated a PSN (54.8%) and, of these, 67.7% did not feel confident to provide this treatment. Most professors (73.1%) reported having treated PSN. Most students (84.7%) and professors (53.8%) agree that Dentistry for PSN should be mandatory in the curricular structure. Lack of confidence was the most common reaction of students to a simulation of dental care for a PSN. Dentistry for PSN is part of the curriculum of 67.8% of the Dentistry courses surveyed. In conclusion, the lack of Dentistry for PSN during student training can make dentists-to-be unsure about how to treat PSN in real-life situations. The inclusion of dental care for PSN in the curriculum is supported by students and teachers. The topic is present in most Dentistry courses in Brazil.

Objective: To measure the heart rate (HR) and the behavior of children and teenagers with Down Syndrome (DS) during the dental appointment. Material and Methods: Two groups (n = 52), of both genders, aged 2-14 years, matched by age group were formed: study group (SG) - individuals with DS and control group (CG) - normotypical school children. The participants were submitted to clinical examination and prophylaxis. An oximeter was used to measure the HR at five moments of the dental consultation: before entering the practice room (T0), when sitting in the dental chair (T1), during the clinical examination (T2), during prophylaxis (T3) and immediately after prophylaxis (T4). Behavior, classified according to the Frankl Scale, was observed at T3. Mann Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, Dunn and Pearson's Chi-square tests were used to analyze and compare variables (significance level at 5%) . Results: In SG, a significant difference in HR was observed according to the moment of dental appointment (p

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-29T08:32:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-09-01 Background: The effects of fixed orthodontic therapy on the occurrence of halitosis are not yet fully understood. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of fixed orthodontic appliances on self-assessment and diagnosis of halitosis in undergraduate dental students. Materials and Methods: Sixty-two undergraduate dental students were included in this cross-sectional study. Two groups (n = 31 per group) were composed of participants with (study group) or without (control group) fixed orthodontic appliance. Halitosis self-assessment and clinical diagnosis were assessed using a visual analogic scale (VAS) and sulfur volatile compounds (SVCs) assessment, respectively. The subjective (VAS) and objective (SVC) malodor assessments were classified in absence, light, moderate, or severe malodor. Chi-square Pearson test and Spearman’s correlation were applied for data analysis, with a significance level of 5%. Results: The use of fixed orthodontic appliances had no effect on self-assessment (P = 0.490) or clinical diagnosis (P = 0.610) of halitosis. Self-assessment was not significantly associated with the diagnosis of halitosis regardless the use of fixed orthodontic appliance (P ≥ 0.737). Male participants showed higher diagnosis of halitosis (P = 0.007). SVC measurements showed the absence of halitosis in 51.6% and 58.1% of participants with or without orthodontic appliances, respectively. Conclusion: The use of fixed orthodontic appliances affected the self-assessment of halitosis but no SVC measurements. It was not verified a correlation between subjective and objective methods to diagnose halitosis in dental students. Department of Dentistry Faculdade Integral Diferencial – FACID/ Wyden Department of Restorative Dentistry School of Dentistry Araraquara São Paulo State University – UNESP Department of Restorative Dentistry School of Dentistry Araraquara São Paulo State University – UNESP

Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T10:53:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-11-01 Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a laser-activated bleaching agent containing titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles on enamel roughness and hardness. Materials and Methods: Twenty human premolars were randomized into two groups according to the bleaching treatments performed: HP-35% hydrogen peroxide and HP + TiO2-30% hydrogen peroxide containing TiO2 light-activated by diode laser (980 nm). It was performed two bleaching sessions with an interval of 7 days. Microhardness and roughness of the enamel were assessed at three times: T0-Before 1st appointment, T1-after 2nd appointment, and T2-7 days after 2nd appointment. Results: The HP + TiO2 did not cause changes on enamel roughness and hardness and presented the same effects of the HP. Conclusions: Both bleaching agents showed no difference between them. Then, it is possible to conclude that both are viable for clinical use during in-office dental bleaching technique regarding the microstructural changes that they might cause. Department of Restorative Dentistry Araraquara School of Dentistry São Paulo State University-UNESP Department of Oral Medicine and Paediatric Dentistry State University of Londrina-UEL Department of Restorative Dentistry State University of Londrina-UEL Department of Restorative Dentistry Araraquara School of Dentistry São Paulo State University-UNESP

Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) é um espectro de transtornos do desenvolvimento neurológico que afeta o desenvolvimento e funcionamento do cérebro, por mecanismos ainda desconhecidos. A prevalência estimada para TEA é de um a dois para cada mil nascidos vivos e estes indivíduos apresentam limitações físicas e psicológicas que incluem atrasos no desenvolvimento da linguagem, dificuldades de comunicação e interação social, comportamentos restritos e repetitivos e muitos podem ter deficiência intelectual. Supõe-se que a saúde bucal de indivíduos com TEA é precária, em parte por suas limitações e pouca destreza manual para realização de cuidados em saúde, bem como pelo maior consumo de alimentos com adição de açúcar e retenção prolongada do bolo alimentar na cavidade bucal, que são observados nesta população. O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar uma revisão da literatura sobre as condições de saúde bucal de indivíduos autistas. Para o desenvolvimento da presente revisão de literatura foram realizadas buscas nas bases de dados MedLine/PubMed, Scopus e SciELO. Os artigos foram selecionados segundo descritores relacionados com saúde bucal e transtorno do espectro autista. Menor prevalência de cárie em indivíduos com TEA é relatada na maioria dos estudos, porém, observa-se a necessidade de estudos longitudinais que possam avaliar incidência e fatores associados com cárie dentária nesta população. Estudos sugerem que indivíduos autistas tenham pior condição periodontal, havendo uma lacuna sobre as condições associadas a essa maior prevalência. Embora com um número limitado de estudos, indivíduos autistas parecem não serem mais propensos a traumatismos dentários.Palavras-chave: Transtorno do Espectro Autista; Cárie Dentária; Doenças Periodontais; Traumatismos Dentários.AbstractAutism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a spectrum of neurodevelopmental disorders that affect the brain development and functioning, by still unknown mechanisms. The estimated prevalence for ASD is one to two per thousand live births and these individuals present physical and psychological limitations that include delays in language development, difficulties in social interaction, communication and restricted and repetitive behaviors, and many may have intellectual disabilities. It is assumed that the oral health of ASD individuals is precarious, in part because of their limitations and little manual dexterity to perform health care, as well as the high consumption of foods with added sugar and prolonged retention of the food bolus in the oral cavity, which are observed in this population. The aim of this article is to present a review of the literature about the oral health conditions of autistic individuals. For the development of the present literature review, the MedLine / PubMed, Scopus and SciELO databases were searched. The articles were selected according to descriptors related to oral health and autism spectrum disorder. Lower caries prevalence in ASD individuals is reported in most of the studies, however, it is observed the need for longitudinal studies that can assess incidence and factors associated with dental caries in this population. Studies suggest that autistic individuals have worse periodontal conditions, and there is a lack of conditions associated with this higher prevalence. Despite the limited number of studies, autistic individuals do not appear to be more prone to dental trauma.Keywords: Autism Spectrum Disorder. Dental Caries. Periodontal Diseases. Tooth Injuries.

Próteses articulares são fabricadas com ligas de Ti-6Al-4V ou Co-Cr-Mo, porém, a liberação de íons nestas ligas pode causar efeitos tóxicos. O revestimento de superfícies articulares com um “filme protetor“ visa aumentar a longevidade das próteses e evitar a liberação de íons causadores de hipersensibilidade, além de diminuir a dor, ocasionalmente provocada pela alteração da temperatura do metal. O filme de Diamond-Like Carbon (DLC) vem sendo pesquisado, devido sua biocompatibilidade, alta resistência ao desgaste e à corrosão, baixo coeficiente de atrito, inércia química e efeito bactericida. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a neoformação óssea em amostras de liga Ti-6Al-4V recobertas com filme de DLC associados ou não a nanopartículas de prata (nAg). Após caracterização estrutural as amostras foram fixadas bilateralmente no ângulo da mandíbula de 30 coelhos. Quinze e 90 dias após a cirurgia, as amostras foram removidas junto ao osso, e novamente caracterizadas. Os filmes de DLC e DLC-Ag mostraram alta resistência elétrica e não sofreram alterações significativas no espectro Raman após exposição in vivo. No teste de Micro scratch test observou- se que os filmes aumentaram sua resistência mecânica após o teste in vivo. Em todos os animais, foi ocorreu neoformação óssea na interface osso-amostra, caracterizando a osseointegração da mesma e não observou-se diferença estatística entre os grupos no mesmo período (p>0,05). Concluiu-se que os filmes de DLC e DLC-Ag reagem in vivo de forma semelhante à liga Ti-6Al-4V, que é considerada o padrão ouro para uso biomédico.Palavras-chave: Osseointegração. Carbono. Articulação Temporomandibular.

Background: Viral hepatitis B (VHB) is an occupational risk for dentists. It is necessary that dental students start clinical practice immunized with the vaccine, response monitored and informed about the means of transmission of the disease. Rarely, there are studies, which evaluate concomitantly knowledge of these academics and their vaccine situation? Objectives: To evaluate the knowledge about Hepatitis B, the vaccine situation and the immunization status of dental students and to investigate the probable correlation between the status of immunization, vaccination membership and adherence to the test of seroconversion and associated factors. Patients and Methods: 189 students from the dentistry course at the Federal University of Piaui (UFPI) who attended from the 3rd to 9th period were invited to participate in the research. Their knowledge about HBV, attitude regarding protection and their vaccine situation were assessed through a self-administered form. Antibodies against surface antigens of Hepatitis B virus (Anti-HBs) and against the antigens of the virus nucleous of Hepatitis B (Anti-HBc total) were measured qualitatively using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: Of the 179 students surveyed, 58.1% knew about the degree of virulence of the Hepatitis B virus (HBV). As to the means of transmission, 98.3% considered blood transmission, 82.6% plates and cutlery, 15.6% cough and 12.3% vertical transmission. Most students (87.4%) knew that they should take 3 doses of the vaccine and 62.2% completed the immunization schedule. A minority of students (48.6%) knew the about the Anti-HBs test and 5.6% took the test. Among the students who reported having taken three doses of the vaccine, 12.5% were not seroconverted. There was no significant correlation between the variables. Conclusions: Dental academics were unsure about the means of infection and prevention against HBV. Many of them had not completed the immunization scheme and did not have the test of seroconversion. The serological analysis revealed unprotection, even after students completed the vaccination schedule.