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Author(s): Elyas Barabadi [sup.1] , Gholam Hassan Khajavy [sup.1] , James R. Booth [sup.2] , Mohsen Rahmani Tabar [sup.1] , Mohammad Reza Vahdani Asadi [sup.3] Author Affiliations: (1) https://ror.org/05khxfe53, grid.488432.1, [...], The current study mainly aimed at examining the link between perfectionistic cognitions on the one hand and L2 anxiety, willingness to communicate (WTC) and achievement on the other hand. The other purpose of the research was investigating the factor structure of perfectionistic cognitions as proposed by Stoeber et al. (2010 (See CR60)). To this aim, 1,349 Iranian secondary school students completed questionnaires related to L2 anxiety, willingness to communicate, and perfectionistic cognitions. The results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis indicated that perfectionistic cognitions had only two dimensions: personal standards (PS) and concerns over mistakes (COM). As hypothesized, personal standards dimension had a positive correlation to L2 achievement and willingness to communicate and was negatively related to L2 anxiety. Moreover, concern over mistakes was positively related to L2 anxiety. In both cases, anxiety mediated the relationship between perfectionism and outcome variables (i.e., L2 achievement and willingness to communicate). Therefore, although concern over mistakes was not directly related to L2 achievement and willingness to communicate, it was indirectly related to them through L2 anxiety.

This correlational study investigates the relationship between mobile phone use among elementary school students in Iran during the COVID-19 epidemic, and its effect on emotional-behavioural functioning and academic and social competencies. A researcher-devised questionnaire, and the Achenbach Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL)-parental version, was used to assess parental perception of the effects of mobile phone use. Questionnaires were completed by 500 parents, of which 470 were analysed. Findings showed a perceived relationship between the use of cyberspace (smartphone, tablet, games, and social networks) and anxious/depressed, withdrawn, somatic complaints, social problems, thought problems, attention problems, antisocial behaviour, and aggressive behaviour in children. Findings indicate that children's cultural context affects their exposure to online dangers, including receiving threatening images and messages, and cyberbullying; the effects in the current study being lower than the international average. It is recommended that there should be focus on promoting students' media literacy, and parental awareness.

The founders of the modern criminal justice system in Iran initiated a transition from the traditional to the modern system by drawing inspiration from the criminal justice systems of developed countries. However, this process of change has consistently faced numerous challenges, and in some cases, the adoption of foreign models has been relatively unsuccessful. The adoption of the jury trial institution in English law is one such unsuccessful experience. This article, based on a scientific and systematic approach using the multiple streams theory, seeks to explain the reasons for this failure. The theory focuses on the changes in public policies and aims to identify the influential variables in this area. According to this theory, to develop a new policy, an undesirable situation, referred to as a "problem", must first be identified. This issue is heavily influenced by the values dominant in a society. After identifying a problem, multiple solutions are proposed, but only a solution that meets criteria such as feasibility, practicality, and normative acceptability remains as the answer to the problem. This article demonstrates, through the application of the aforementioned theory, that although the jury trial institution is a successful and effective institution in common law jurisdictions, it has not gained popularity in Iran. The reason for this failure should be sought in the lack of relevance of the jury trial institution to the Iranian context and its conflict with the public values and the values of the Islamic judicial system, which is judge-oriented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Some people expect that the quality of teaching and learning will be improved by using technology, while empirical evidence has proven the opposite. But education is too complicated to improve its quality simply by employing new technologies. The purpose of this study is to investigate the barriers to the use of ICT in primary school in North Khorasan province in early 2021 academic years. Methods: To do so, we used a mixed method. In the qualitative part of the study, interview questions were identified using scientific resources and focal group. Then, 14 primary teachers and experts, who had experience of working in a school with minimal ICT equipment were selected using purposeful sampling. The exclusion criterion was the subjects' unwillingness to continue cooperation. The qualitative data were analyzed using Colaizzi method. Based on qualitative findings, a researcher-made questionnaire with 22 items and 6 subscales was developed. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by experts, and its reliability was obtained from 0.61 to 0.92 for its various parts. To ensure the accuracy of the questionnaire, we performed exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis on the questionnaire. In the quantitative part of the study, the sample was randomly selected according to the size and access to technology in the classroom. Results: Quantitative analyses revealed that there was a negative association (r=-0.182; P=0.021) between the teaching-learning quality and the use of emerging technology. Regression test showed that the most important barrier to the ICT use in school was "Equipment and infrastructure" (β=-0.256; P<0.001) and then the "Budget and monetary resources" (β=-0.148; P=0.053), "Teachers' self-confidence" (β=-0.119; P=0.137), and "Teachers' knowledge and skill" (β=-0.058; P=0.473). Conclusion: The quality of teaching and learning is not improved by the mere presence of ICT equipment. Based on the findings of the current study, if the managers intend to remove the obstacles related to the integration of ICT in education, they have to provide sufficient "Equipment and infrastructure" and "Budget and monetary resources", and plan for improving "Teachers' selfconfidence" and "Teachers' knowledge and skill". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a heterogeneous degenerative brain disorder with a rising prevalence worldwide. SHISA7 (CKAMP59) has emerged as one of the most intriguing new members of the SHISA family, in that, unlike other CKAMP counterparts, it exhibits a direct function in inhibitory synaptic GABAAR regulation. We used bioinformatics and experimental methods in this research to explore competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulation of BCAS4 and SHISA7 in tau pathogenesis and their capacity as peripheral biomarkers linked to an abnormal inflammatory response in AD. The Gene Expression Omnibus database included two microarray datasets, including information on mRNAs (GSE106241) and miRNAs (GSE157239) from individuals with AD with different degrees of AD-associated neurofibrillary pathology in the temporal cortex (TC) tissue specimens and corresponding controls were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The limma package in the R software was used to identify differently expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs) and miRNAs (DEmiRNAs) associated with AD-related neurofibrillary pathology. Additionally, we used the quantitative polymerase chain reaction technique to examine the expression of the BCAS4 / hsa-miR-185-5p / SHISA7 ceRNA axis in the peripheral blood (PB) of fifty AD patients and fifty control subjects. BCAS4 was shown to act as a ceRNA to control the SHISA7 expression throughout AD-associated neurofibrillary pathology in TC tissue specimens by sponging hsa-miR-185-5p , based on our bioinformatics study. Furthermore, in PB specimens from individuals suffering from AD and normal controls, we found no substantial differences in BCAS4 expression patterns. SHISA7 expression in AD patients' PB was found to be reduced, as was the case in the TC. On the other hand, we discovered reduced amounts of hsa-miR-185-5p in AD patients' PB samples compared to control subjects, unlike in TC tissue, where it had been demonstrated to be overexpressed. BCAS4 and SHISA7 expression levels showed a strong positive correlation, suggesting the presence of an interconnected network, most likely as a result of ceRNA regulation among PB specimens. The present study is the first evidence to highlight the expression of the BCAS4 / miR-185-5p / SHISA7 ceRNA axis in the brain and PB of AD patients, and offers a new viewpoint on molecular processes underlying AD pathogenic mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A case-control study was designed to investigate the association Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPSII) is described as a metabolic disorder resulting from an enzymatic failure causing from mutations in IDS gene, MPSII is divided into two forms; mild and severe. The first form does not affect intelligence and patients show no neurologic involvements, usually survive for the fourth decade of life. In patients with severe form, death mostly occurs due to neurologic involvement during the second decade of life. We reported a case, a 31-year-old patient, clinically suspicious to MPSII which was primarily diagnosed by the presence of the increased levels of dermatan and heparan sulfate in urine and I2S deficiency in plasma. Whole exome sequencing was utilized to detect the disease-causing variant in our patient. A de novo mutation (c.253G>A, (p.A85T) in exon 3 of the IDS gene was identified, which probably can describe the mild form of MPSII and clinical manifestations observed in the patient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]