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Extended Abstract Background: Forests are one of the complex ecosystems of natural resources with an important role in the environment and multiple production capacities and functions. The benefit of different human societies from these resources in various forms has various effects and consequences. Without accurate and complete identification of all its stakeholders, logical and acceptable results cannot be achieved in decision-making and policy-making. Therefore, it is essential to fully understand the stakeholders (actors) and their identification criteria in line with basic policies for planning, decision-making, and success in this field. Because decision-making in the management of forest resources always faces challenges and is often associated with complexity, immutability, and uncertainty due to the multi-purpose nature of the benefits and services of these resources, the difficulty of monetary valuation of ecological services, and the great diversity of the stakeholders of their services. Therefore, the stakeholders in the fields of natural resources and forests are considered vital components, and their presence and activity in these fields are undeniable and provide a guarantee of success in cooperative management for the protection of forests. The advancement of the sustainable management goals of natural resources and forests is realized by identifying an active presence of key actors and the most important and effective groups involved, i.e. forest producers and users, along with other identified stakeholders. The primary purpose of identifying those involved is the names of all those who can and should have a role in the planning and management process, and their identification is an important part of the participatory planning process because it is considered a part of the prerequisite for participation. Therefore, identifying and determining the stakeholders make it possible to take advantage of their cooperation in a planned way in the implementation and management of forestry projects and to facilitate the implementation process of the programs. Methods: To identify, weight, and prioritize the stakeholders involved in the Hyrcanian forest ecosystem services using multi-criteria decision-making models, the stakeholders involved in the Hyrcanian forest ecosystem services were first identified and gathered based on the review of various studies. Then, the research questionnaire was designed to answer two important questions in this study: a) who are the people involved in Hyrcanian forest areas? and b) what is their priority? Therefore, the beneficiaries of the economy of Hyrcanian forests were identified by designing a questionnaire scored with a Likert scale, designing items with five priority options, and determining the individuals or groups of stakeholders. In this research, the opinions of 50 experts, academics, and experts of the Natural Resources and Watershed Management Organization at the provincial and regional levels were used to identify the beneficiaries of the ecosystem services of Hyrcanian forests. The questionnaire was validated and confirmed by experts, and its reliability was confirmed with a Cronbach's alpha statistic of α = 0.97. The stakeholders of the forest ecosystem services were weighted with the Step-Wise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis (SWARA) method, the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW), and Additive Ratio Assessment (ARAS), and the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) was used to prioritize them. Results: By analyzing the findings of the questionnaire using experts' opinions, the Hyrcanian forest ecosystem goods and services stakeholders were identified in 19 groups and five levels, such as international, national, regional, stakeholders outside the forest, and stakeholders inside the forest. Based on the results of the weighting of the stakeholders using the SWARA technique, the forest dwellers and communities downstream of the forest edge are among the most important Hyrcanian forest ecosystem goods and services stakeholders with the highest weight, and other stakeholders were placed in the next priorities based on the received weight. The prioritization of the stakeholders of the goods and services of the Hyrcanian forest ecosystem in the TOPSIS, ARAS, and SAW models showed similar results in terms of the prioritization of the stakeholders of the surveyed services. Conclusion: The results of stakeholder prioritization models were compared using the slope of the service weight curve (R2) in three models. The slope of the relative closeness curve of the weights in the ARAS model was a descending exponential function with an explanatory degree of 0.93, which indicated an obvious difference between the stakeholders of Hyrcanian forest ecosystem services. The slope of the curve of the relative closeness of the weights is higher and closer to one in the ARAS model than in the other two models from different points of view. Based on this result and the consensus of some experts, the prioritization of stakeholders in the ARAS model is closer to reality. Therefore, the ARAS model was proposed as a suitable model for prioritizing the stakeholders of Hyrcanian forest ecosystem services. According to the results of this model, forest dwellers, downstream communities on the edge of the forest, and the off-site users of the forests are considered the major stakeholders of Hyrcanian forest services. Therefore, the role, presence, and influence of these stakeholders cannot be ignored in the management of natural resources and the environment, especially in forestry projects, and it is recommended to optimally use the presence of these communities in cooperative forest management. Furthermore, the human relationship with the natural ecosystem should be at the top of policies and comprehensive management of forest resources. It is necessary to support wood planting projects through subsidy policies and to grant facilities and low-interest loans to forest dwellers and communities downstream of the forest edge. Other necessary measures include efforts to reduce deprivations and increase the socioeconomic development of the villages on the edge of the forest, holding training entrepreneurship courses and classes, introducing handicrafts and non-wood products, identifying target markets, and strengthening the marketing network for the export of non-wood products to increase the share of the forest in the growth and economic development of rural communities on the edge of the forest. Employment programs should also be developed for local communities in the forest protection sectors.

Purpose: Since the foot is vital for maintaining stability and posture, knowing the difference between dominant and non-dominant knees can help reduce the risk of knee injury. Basketball players with dynamic knee valgus (DKV) following fatigue application were the subjects of the current study, which compared the angle and pattern of knee valgus in dominant and non-dominant feet. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, our selection process involved choosing 27 basketball players with a knee dynamic valgus pattern (mean age=20.77±3.06 years, mean height=188±9 centimeters, and mean weight=79.68±18.35 kilograms) in a non-random, targeted manner. To assess the knee valgus angle in the frontal plane, we performed imaging using a digital camera positioned at 366 centimeters and a height of 105 centimeters relative to the subject. Furthermore, the subjects performed three countermovement jumps. Data were analyzed using “KINOVEA” software, version 0.9.5. In this study, players engaged in a 40-minute basketball game, conducted under regulations and including all scheduled rest periods. Results: No significant difference was observed between the pre-test and post-test in the dominant foot initial contact valgus variable (P=0.900), non-dominant foot initial contact valgus variable (P=0.134), dominant foot maximum flexion valgus variable (P=0.237), and non-dominant foot maximum flexion valgus variable (P=0.188), according to the results of the paired t-test for within-group comparison of the study’s mean variables. Furthermore, no statistically significant difference was observed in the first contact valgus between the dominant and non-dominant foot prior to the test (P=0.485) or between the two groups after the test (P=0.066). However, a significant difference was found in the maximum flexion valgus between the dominant and non-dominant foot before the test (P=0.012) and after the test (P=0.018), indicating that the dominant foot had a greater valgus angle than the non-dominant foot in both instances. Conclusion: The current study’s results indicate that functional exhaustion, as employed in this investigation, does not raise the knee valgus angle; however, among basketball players, the dominant foot’s valgus angle was larger than the non-dominant foot. Therefore, the basketball players’ dominant foot is probably more vulnerable to non-contact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a global rise in sleep disorders, serving as a critical indicator of societal mental health. This study aims to examine the trends in health information searches related to sleep disorders during the first seven months of the COVID-19 pandemic in Iran, comparing these trends with the same period two years prior. Methods: This descriptive study analyzed the internet search behavior of Iranians seeking health information between 2017 and 2022. Data were collected on sleep disorder-related searches during the initial seven months of the COVID-19 pandemic in Iran using Google Trends. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was employed to compare the volume and percentage of searches related to sleep disorders during the pandemic with those in the corresponding periods of the previous years. Additionally, Pearson's correlation was used to assess the relationship between the daily trends in COVID-19-related deaths and the volume of internet searches concerning sleep disorders. Results: The volume of searches related to sleep disorders significantly increased (p

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the predictors of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) among administrative employees of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences in Rafsanjan, Iran.Methods: A cross-sectional (descriptive-analytical) study was conducted from July to September 2022, involving 171 employees from the administrative departments of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences. Participants did not possess academic qualifications in biomedical fields but met other inclusion criteria. Data were collected on demographic information, Body Mass Index (BMI), waist circumference, blood pressure (BP), fasting blood sugar (FBS), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C).Results: The mean age of the 171 employees (88 men, 51.46%) was 42.7 ± 8.2 years, with ages ranging from 25 to 64 years. MetS was identified in 12.9% (n=22) of the employees. Participants with MetS exhibited significantly higher mean values for age (p=0.005), FBS (p

The objective of this research was to investigate the information search behavior of Iranians on the Internet during the COVID-19 pandemic and to examine the relationship between the peak of the disease and the searches performed on the Internet. The purpose of this research was fundamental, and the research method was descriptive. The statistical population is the searches performed by Iranians from February 2020 to April 2022, and the investigated sample was the searched concepts related to anxiety and mental health. The first part of the data consisted of the queries that were extracted from the Google Trends website in December 2022. The second part, which consisted of the daily statistics of death and new infections, was obtained from the Johns Hopkins University website. Python version 3.12 was employed to conduct data analysis, which included the Granger causality test and Pearson correlation. The results indicate that the search for anxiety-related concepts has increased at the beginning of the epidemic. The quantity of searches for anxiety concepts at the beginning of the epidemic is positively and significantly correlated with the number of deaths caused by the disease. Consequently, the quantity of anxiety searches should increase over a period of a few days as the number of deaths increases. These searches diminished as the number of deaths decreased; however, the trend of anxiety searches ceased to be correlated with the number of deaths after a few months. The search for psychological treatment was modest at the onset of the epidemic; however, it increased after nine months, and the number of deaths also increased, prompting an increase in these searches. The results show that internet inquiries can be a useful tool for monitoring community concerns.

Extended Abstract Background: Forests are considered the main pillars of sustainable development in any country. They play an important role in the socioeconomic development of regions by producing goods and delivering services directly and indirectly. They play a vital role in ensuring the well-being of rural and forest-dwelling communities and rural development. In recent decades, non-timber forest products have been recognized as one of the important components in sustainable forest management and poverty reduction of local and rural communities. Therefore, the need for a deeper understanding of rural livelihood and its complexity to ensure rural development is one of the factors that increases the motivation to study the role and importance of forest resource products in the rural economy. In today's era, therefore, entrepreneurship has created new opportunities for people who are talented and interested in non-wood forest products to improve their income, increase their assets and capital, and grow the standards of living in rural communities in the new economy in small and medium businesses. The development of entrepreneurship in rural areas is one of the major strategies of rural development, which can play a significant role in the sustainable development of villages. The development of rural entrepreneurship with non-wood forest products has a potential to help diversify the sources of income and rural employment, which provides suitable opportunities to reduce livelihood risks and sustainability in rural areas. Therefore, studies on the role of forest ecosystem services and the accompanied development of rural entrepreneurship in the economy of rural communities on the edge of the forest are necessary to better understand the benefits of the forest economy. Methods: This research aimed to identify and prioritize the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of the Hyrcanian forests in the economic promotion of rural communities on the edge of the forest and to provide practical solutions in this field by using survey methods, field studies, and completing questionnaires. The statistical population of the research consisted of specialists and experts of Hyrcanian forests in the Natural Resources and Watershed Management Organization at the provincial and regional levels of the Hyrcanian forests. The questionnaire data were analyzed using SWARA and SWOT techniques. The Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM) was then used to prioritize strategies and solutions for the economic promotion of rural communities on the edge of the forest. Results: The results of the SWOT model identified 11 strengths, 10 weaknesses, 10 opportunities, and 11 threats for the economic improvement of the rural communities on the edge of the Hyrcanian forests. Based on the results, the major strengths and weaknesses of the Hyrcanian forests in the economic promotion of rural communities on the edge of the forest were studied according to the weight score obtained in the evaluation matrix of internal factors. These include increasing the diversity of job opportunities and excessive exploitation and destruction of forest resources due to the high dependence of rural communities on the forest ecosystem. Among the opportunities, the positive consequences of creating employment for rural communities with the development of activities related to the forest and increasing the price of assets (land, buildings, etc.) due to having a forest view were given the most weight among the other factors. A major threat to the role of the Hyrcanian forests in the economic promotion of rural communities on the edge of the forest is the consequences of destruction, changes in the use of forest lands, and the entry of profit-seeking people into forest areas (illegal harvesting of forest timber or smuggling wood, mushrooms, medicinal plants., etc.), which were given the utmost weight among the other threats. Conclusion: According to the scores calculated in the strategic model, the strategies adopted in the study area are close to "competitive" strategies. Therefore, the relevant authorities should try to take steps toward these strategies and make maximum use of its external opportunities by using the strengths of the Hyrcanian forests in the economic promotion of the rural communities on the edge of the forest. The results of the implementation of the QSPM matrix indicated that the strategies of supporting timber and beekeeping projects through subsidy policies, providing facilities and low-interest loans, efforts to reduce deprivations and increase the socioeconomic development of villages on the edge of the forest, introducing the tourist attractions of the Hyrcanian forests, developing nature tourism, rural ecotourism in different ways, promoting the environmental awareness and culture of communities, and the development of NGOs and nature-loving institutions obtained the most points and were assigned the first to fourth priorities among the other strategies. Therefore, the research findings show that entrepreneurship through non-timber forest products and tourism creates new opportunities for talented and interested people to improve their income, increase their assets and capital, and improve the standards of living in rural communities to grow small and medium businesses in the new economy. Therefore, the results of the research indicate that entrepreneurship through non-timber forest products and tourism creates new opportunities for talented and interested people to improve their income, increase their property and capital, and grow the standards of living in rural communities in the new economy in small and medium businesses. Furthermore, rural entrepreneurship and the development of small businesses using non-timber forest products, tourist attractions, nature tourism, and ecotourism in the villages on the edge of the Hyrcanian forests should be regarded as suitable solutions for empowerment and capacity building in the target villages to change the current life pattern, reduce the urban-rural gap, create socioeconomic equality, and economic development and promotion of rural communities on the edge of the forests.

Overvoltage and low current are observed for ethanol electrooxidation on the surface of many unmodified electrodes. Therefore, it is desirable to use a suitable catalyst for ethanol electrooxidation to increase the current. This research introduces a new sensor to catalyze ethanol oxidation in an alkaline environment. This new Zn-Mn-Co LDH/PolyPyrrole/GCE nanocomposite sensor exhibits high catalytic activity for ethanol electrooxidation. It changes the oxidation potential of ethanol to a less positive potential. To identify this proposed sensor, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brauner Emmett-Teller (BET), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), FT-IR spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), thermal analysis (TGA), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) and cyclic voltammetry techniques were used. Ethanol electrooxidation was investigated by cyclic voltammetry technique. The effects of scan rate and ethanol concentration on the ethanol oxidation peak have been investigated. The proposed sensor showed long-term stability. This prepared nanocomposite can be used as an anode catalyst for ethanol fuel cells.

This study provides a unique electrochemical sensor that exhibits both excellent sensitivity and selectivity, while also being environmentally friendly. The CuAl-LDH/GCE sensor, proposed as the recommended sensor, was synthesized using a straightforward one-step co-precipitation procedure. It was first used to measure dopamine levels using differential pulse voltammetry. At the ideal pH level of 8, dopamine has a positive charge, but ascorbic acid and uric acid have a negative charge. LDH, on the other hand, carries a negative charge and exhibits high electrostatic attraction towards dopamine, but is electrostatically repelled by negatively charged ascorbic acid and uric acid. Hence, CuAl-LDH/GCE has the potential to specifically ascertain the existence of dopamine in the presence of these particular species. The examination of the composition and morphology of CuAl-LDH was conducted using various analytical techniques, including scanner electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), element mapping (MAP), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET), X-ray photoelectron diffraction (XRD), and Raman techniques. Under ideal circumstances, the calibration graph of dopamine was generated using differential pulse voltammetry. A linear range of 4.194–1151.54 μM was achieved for dopamine, with a limit of detection of 0.33 μM. The findings of the study indicate that the sensor created for dopamine determination has exceptional stability, repeatability, and reproducibility. The sensor that was presented was effectively used for the measurement of dopamine in both pharmaceutical ampoules and human plasma samples.

Purpose: Past research supports the hypothesis that the position of basketball players affects their susceptibility to injury; however, there is disagreement among researchers regarding which positions are at greater risk of injury. The current study compares the lower limb joint angles in basketball players with dynamic knee valgus deficiency across different positions. Methods: In this study, 27 basketball players with dynamic knee valgus deficiency were purposefully selected in three groups as follows: Guards (mean age=19.77±2.68 years, mean height=1.77±0.04 cm, and mean weight=63.40±5.10 kg), forwards (mean age=20.22±2.90 years, mean height=187±0.04 cm, and mean weight=76.80±2.94 kg ) and centers (mean age=22.33±3.27years, mean height=1.99±0.04 cm, and mean weight=98.84±18.42 kg), within the age range of 16 to 26 years. The anthropometric characteristics of the players, including height, weight, shoulder width, hip width, anterior superior iliac spine distance, lower limb length, Q angle, knee width, and ankle width, were measured. To evaluate the lower limb angles in the sagittal and frontal planes, imaging was performed using two digital cameras at a distance of 366 cm and a height of 105 cm relative to the subject, and the subjects performed three countermovement jumps. The analysis was conducted using the Kinovea software. To compare the mean variables of the study, mixed-design analysis of variance (2×3), one-way analysis of variance, and the Bonferroni post hoc tests were utilized. All hypothesis tests were conducted at a significance level of P≤0.05. Results: There was no significant difference in the initial contact angle of the hip joint (P=0.537), maximum hip flexion (P=0.891), initial contact angle of the knee joint (P=0.264), maximum knee flexion (P=0.321), initial contact angle of the ankle joint (P=0.116), and maximum ankle flexion (P=0.393) among the three groups. Additionally, there was no significant difference in the initial contact angle of the knee joint in dominant (P=0.059) and non-dominant (P=0.490) legs, as well as in the maximum knee flexion in dominant (P=0.872) and non-dominant (P=0.552) legs. Conclusion: No significant differences were observed in the lower limb joint angles among the three groups of guards, forwards, and centers. Therefore, different basketball positions may not be a significant risk factor for non-contact anterior cruciate ligament injuries.

Background: Cerebral palsy is a non-progressive neurocognitive disorder that typically manifests early in life due to various causes. As a lifelong condition, it can diminish the affected individual’s abilities and exert significant psychological stress, particularly on mothers of children diagnosed with this disorder. Aims: The objective of the current research was to examine the impact of motivational interviewing on enhancing marital satisfaction and self-efficacy among mothers who have children diagnosed with cerebral palsy. Methods: The study utilized a quasi-experimental design, incorporating pretests, posttests, and follow-up, along with a control group. The research population comprised all mothers of children with cerebral palsy who attended the educational and rehabilitation centers for the physically and motor impaired in Kermanshah in the year 2021. Out of the entire population, 26 mothers who patronized the specified centers were chosen based on their willingness to participate and were then randomly divided into two groups: the experimental group and the control group. Data collection involved the use of Olson’s Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire (1989) and Sherer’s General Self-Efficacy Scale (1982). Participants in the experimental group participated in group counseling sessions that employed Motivational Interviewing (MI) techniques (Miller & Rollnick, 2006), consisting of ten 90-minute sessions. Data analysis was performed using repeated-measures ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc tests in SPSS software, version 24. Results: The findings indicated that motivational interviewing significantly improved the overall scores of marital satisfaction and self-efficacy among mothers with children who have cerebral palsy, with p-values less than 0.05, indicating statistical significance. Conclusion: The study’s results suggest that motivational interviewing has a positive effect on enhancing marital satisfaction and self-efficacy in mothers of children diagnosed with cerebral palsy.

Introduction: Considering the importance of the nursing profession, which serves as the link between the country’s health and treatment organization and patients, most recent research has aimed to investigate nurses’ career and family problems. However, fewer studies have addressed intervention and treatment approaches in this regard. This research was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of group therapy, based on acceptance and commitment, on occupational burnout, couple burnout, and family resilience among married nurses.Methods: The research method was experimental, utilizing a pre-test-post-test design with follow-up phases at one month and three months. The statistical population comprised all the nurses from one of the hospitals in Tehran during the 2020-2022 Coronavirus outbreak. The sample consisted of 24 nurses, 12 in the experimental and 12 in the control group, selected via simple random sampling. The questionnaires used in this research were Meslash’s Burnout Inventory (1981), Pines’s Couple Burnout Measure (1996), and Sixbey’s Family Resilience Assessment Scale (2006). The data were analyzed using a one-way repeated measures Analysis of Variance.Results: The results demonstrated that therapy based on acceptance and commitment significantly reduced occupational and couple burnout and increased family resilience among married nurses (P

Abstract In this work, the full-potential linearized augmented plane wave method (FP- LAPW) and the modified Becke-Johnson (mBJ) functional with spin–orbit (SO) coupling are used the obtain the structural, optoelectronic and thermoelectric properties of Tl2O3 under pressure. The results show that Tl2O3, as transparent conducting oxide (TCO), is a direct bandgap semiconductor with a band gap of 1.23 eV. The band gap value and the effective mass of electrons increases by increasing pressure. Density of state spectra reveal that the nature of electrons in Tl-6s state in the bottom of conduction band, like free electrons in s state, is responsible for the conducting behavior of Tl2O3. A blue shift is observed in optical spectra such as electron energy loss and absorption spectra with an increase in pressure. Obtained dielectric constants under pressure are inversely proportional to the band gap value according to Penn model. The effects of pressure on thermometric properties are also explored. The hydrostatic pressure increases Seebeck coefficient, while it decreases thermal conductivity that is an effective way to the enhancement of the thermoelectric efficiency of TCOs. A figure of merit (ZT) of 0.98 in p-type Tl2O3 is achieved that is desirable for using in thermoelectric devices.

IntroductionOnline mental healthcare has gained significant attention due to its effectiveness, accessibility, and scalability in the management of mental health symptoms. Despite these advantages over traditional in-person formats, including higher availability and accessibility, issues with low treatment adherence and high dropout rates persist. Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies could help address these issues, through powerful predictive models, language analysis, and intelligent dialogue with users, however the study of these applications remains underexplored. The following mixed methods review aimed to supplement this gap by synthesizing the available evidence on the applications of AI in online mental healthcare.MethodWe searched the following databases: MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, EMBASE, and Cochrane. This review included peer-reviewed randomized controlled trials, observational studies, non-randomized experimental studies, and case studies that were selected using the PRISMA guidelines. Data regarding pre and post-intervention outcomes and AI applications were extracted and analyzed. A mixed-methods approach encompassing meta-analysis and network meta-analysis was used to analyze pre and post-intervention outcomes, including main effects, depression, anxiety, and study dropouts. We applied the Cochrane risk of bias tool and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) to assess the quality of the evidence.ResultsTwenty-nine studies were included revealing a variety of AI applications including triage, psychotherapy delivery, treatment monitoring, therapy engagement support, identification of effective therapy features, and prediction of treatment response, dropout, and adherence. AI-delivered self-guided interventions demonstrated medium to large effects on managing mental health symptoms, with dropout rates comparable to non-AI interventions. The quality of the data was low to very low.DiscussionThe review supported the use of AI in enhancing treatment response, adherence, and improvements in online mental healthcare. Nevertheless, given the low quality of the available evidence, this study highlighted the need for additional robust and high-powered studies in this emerging field.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=443575, identifier CRD42023443575.

Background: According to previous studies, the health of the family of origin and the spouse's perceived responsiveness are among the relevant and influencing variables on marital quality. The role of the aforementioned variables on the marital quality of couples has been studied, but there is a research gap regarding the mediating role of the spouse's perceived responsiveness in the relationship between the health of the family of origin and marital quality. Aims: The present study was conducted with the purpose of investigating the mediating role of spouse's perceived responsiveness in the relationship between the health of the family of origin and marital quality. Method: The research method was descriptive-correlation and structural equation modeling. The statistical population included all married women who referred to counseling centers in 2022 in Tehran city, and 397 of them were selected by convenience sampling method. To collect data, Family–Of-Origin (Hovestadt et al., 1985), Marital Quality Scale (Busby et al., 1995) and Perceived Partner Responsiveness Scales (Reis et al., 2017) were used. Structural equation modeling and SPSS22 and Amos22 software were used for data analysis. Results: Structural equation modeling showed that the health of the Family of origin has a significant effect on women's marital quality both directly and indirectly (through perceived responsiveness) (p

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are a leading cause of mortality globally, with health literacy playing a crucial role in predicting mortality rates. Social media has emerged as an effective tool for disseminating information and promoting public health. This study aimed to assess social media usage among patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).Methods: This prospective, observational, multicenter study was conducted between July 2021 and August 2023 in Tehran, IRAN. Patients of both genders, over 20 years of age, who experienced STEMI consecutively were included in the study. Data were obtained using questionnaires after obtaining permission.Results: There were 221 patients, 44.3% (98/221) of patients at the Taleghani Hospital and 55.7% (123/221) at the Shahid Modarres Hospital. The mean age of patients was 57.34 ± 11.30, and 87.3% of patients were male. Totally, 94.5% (209/221) had cell phones, 71.0% (157/221) had smartphones, and 65.6% (145/221) used social networks. WhatsApp was the most commonly used social network, 91.0% (132/145). Patients with higher education had a significantly higher proportion of using email or smartphones. Also, younger patients had a higher proportion of email or smartphone usage.Conclusions: Most patients diagnosed with STEMI own smartphones and frequently use social networks. WhatsApp is the most commonly used social network platform. However, older individuals or those with lower literacy tend to use social networks less frequently.

Background: Kidney stones are one of the most common urological diseases. Renal colic is a medical emergency due to severe pain, and the repetition of its periods greatly impacts the patient's life quality. Providing different treatments while increasing the patient's life expectancy causes changes in their lifestyle, health status, and life quality. This study aimed to evaluate the life quality of patients with kidney stones in Mashhad in 2019 with a review of Persian medicine.Materials and Methods: The present descriptive-analytical study was performed on 96 patients. Data were collected by SF-36 quality of life questionnaire, researcher-made demographic questionnaire, and the Salmannejad temperament determination questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using SPSS-16 software.Results: The mean age of patients was 45.6 years; the mean number of stones was 18.1± 84.1 and the mean size of stones was 12.32 ± 8.53 mm. The mean and standard deviation of patients' life quality was 369.26±98.32. The highest mean was related to the physical function dimension (82.68 ± 21.8) and the lowest mean was related to the pain dimension (52.23 ± 25.47). There was a statistically significant relationship between some dimensions of life quality with blood pressure and temperament (Mizaj) variables (p