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1. Impact of Free Energy of Polymers on Polymorphism of Polymer-Grafted Nanoparticles

Author

Ishiyama, Masanari, Yasuoka, Kenji, and Asai, Makoto

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter, Physics - Chemical Physics, Physics - Computational Physics
Abstract

We focus on polymer-grafted nanoparticles (PGNP). A PGNP is composed of two different layers: the hard core of a nanoparticle and the soft corona of grafted polymers on the surface. It is predicted that PGNPs with these two distinct layers will have similar behaviors as star polymers and hard spheres. The interaction between PGNPs strongly depend upon their grafting density and the length of the grafted polymer chains, N. Thus, PGNP may exhibit polymorphism. Moreover, it is expected that crystals made from PGNPs will be structurally tough due to the entanglement of grafted polymers. The crystal polymorph of PGNP is explored using molecular dynamics simulations. We succeeded in finding FCC/HCP and BCC crystals depending on the length of the grafted polymer chain. When N is small, PGNPs behave like hard spheres. The crystals formed are arranged in FCC/HCP structure, much like the phase transition observed in an Alder transition. When N is large enough, the increase in the free energy of grafted polymers can no longer be neglected. Thus, the crystals formed in these systems are arranged in BCC structure, which has a lower density than FCC/HCP. When N is not too small or large, FCC/HCP structures are observed when the concentration of PGNPs is low, but a phase transition occurs when the concentration of PGNPs becomes higher with the compression of the system. Again, the increase in free energy of grafted polymers can no longer be neglected and the crystals arrange themselves in a BCC structure. Also, it can be revealed that the lattice spacing of PGNP crystals can be controlled easily and widely by the chain length. These results should play an important role in many future simulations and experimental studies of PGNP crystals.

Published
2022
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2. Origin of the in-orbit instrumental background of the Hard X-ray Imager onboard Hitomi

Author

Hagino, Kouichi, Odaka, Hirokazu, Sato, Goro, Sato, Tamotsu, Suzuki, Hiromasa, Mizuno, Tsunefumi, Kawaharada, Madoka, Ohno, Masanori, Nakazawa, Kazuhiro, Kobayashi, Shogo B., Murakami, Hiroaki, Miyake, Katsuma, Asai, Makoto, Koi, Tatsumi, Madejski, Greg, Saito, Shinya, Wright, Dennis H., Enoto, Teruaki, Fukazawa, Yasushi, Hayashi, Katsuhiro, Kataoka, Jun, Katsuta, Junichiro, Kokubun, Motohide, Laurent, Philippe, Lebrun, Francois, Limousin, Olivier, Maier, Daniel, Makishima, Kazuo, Mori, Kunishiro, Nakamori, Takeshi, Nakano, Toshio, Noda, Hirofumi, Ohta, Masayuki, Sato, Rie, Tajima, Hiroyasu, Takahashi, Hiromitsu, Takahashi, Tadayuki, Takeda, Shin'ichiro, Tanaka, Takaaki, Terada, Yukikatsu, Uchiyama, Hideki, Uchiyama, Yasunobu, Watanabe, Shin, Yamaoka, Kazutaka, Yatsu, Yoichi, and Yuasa, Takayuki

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

Understanding and reducing the in-orbit instrumental backgrounds are essential to achieving high sensitivity in hard X-ray astronomical observations. The observational data of the Hard X-ray Imager (HXI) on board the Hitomi satellite provides useful information on the background components, owing to its multi-layer configuration with different atomic numbers: the HXI consists of a stack of four layers of Si (Z = 14) detectors and one layer of CdTe (Z = 48, 52) detector surrounded by well-type BGO (Bi4Ge3O12) active shields. Based on the observational data, the backgrounds of top Si layer, the three underlying Si layers, and the CdTe layer are inferred to be dominated by different components, namely, low-energy electrons, albedo neutrons, and proton-induced radioactivation, respectively. Monte Carlo simulations of the in-orbit background of the HXI reproduce the observed background spectrum of each layer well, thereby verifying the above hypothesis quantitatively. In addition, we suggest the inclusion of an electron shield to reduce the background., Comment: 12 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in JATIS

Published
2020
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3. Modeling of proton-induced radioactivation background in hard X-ray telescopes: Geant4-based simulation and its demonstration by Hitomi's measurement in a low Earth orbit

Author

Odaka, Hirokazu, Asai, Makoto, Hagino, Kouichi, Koi, Tatsumi, Madejski, Greg, Mizuno, Tsunefumi, Ohno, Masanori, Saito, Shinya, Sato, Tamotsu, Wright, Dennis H., Enoto, Teruaki, Fukazawa, Yasushi, Hayashi, Katsuhiro, Kataoka, Jun, Katsuta, Junichiro, Kawaharada, Madoka, Kobayashi, Shogo B., Kokubun, Motohide, Laurent, Philippe, Lebrun, Francois, Limousin, Olivier, Maier, Daniel, Makishima, Kazuo, Mimura, Taketo, Miyake, Katsuma, Mori, Kunishiro, Murakami, Hiroaki, Nakamori, Takeshi, Nakano, Toshio, Nakazawa, Kazuhiro, Noda, Hirofumi, Ohta, Masayuki, Ozaki, Masanobu, Sato, Goro, Sato, Rie, Tajima, Hiroyasu, Takahashi, Hiromitsu, Takahashi, Tadayuki, Takeda, Shin'ichiro, Tanaka, Takaaki, Tanaka, Yasuyuki, Terada, Yukikatsu, Uchiyama, Hideki, Uchiyama, Yasunobu, Watanabe, Shin, Yamaoka, Kazutaka, Yasuda, Tetsuya, Yatsu, Yoichi, Yuasa, Takayuki, and Zoglauer, Andreas

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

Hard X-ray astronomical observatories in orbit suffer from a significant amount of background due to radioactivation induced by cosmic-ray protons and/or geomagnetically trapped protons. Within the framework of a full Monte Carlo simulation, we present modeling of in-orbit instrumental background dominated by radioactivation. To reduce the computation time required by straightforward simulations of delayed emissions from activated isotopes, we insert a semi-analytical calculation that converts production probabilities of radioactive isotopes by interaction of the primary protons into decay rates at measurement time of all secondary isotopes. Therefore, our simulation method is separated into three steps: (1) simulation of isotope production, (2) semi-analytical conversion to decay rates, and (3) simulation of decays of the isotopes at measurement time. This method is verified by a simple setup that has a CdTe semiconductor detector, and shows a 100-fold improvement in efficiency over the straightforward simulation. The simulation framework was tested against data measured with a CdTe sensor in the Hard X-ray Imager onboard the Hitomi X-ray Astronomy Satellite, which was put into a low Earth orbit with an altitude of 570 km and an inclination of 31 degrees, and thus experienced a large amount of irradiation from geomagnetically trapped protons during its passages through the South Atlantic Anomaly. The simulation is able to treat full histories of the proton irradiation and multiple measurement windows. The simulation results agree very well with the measured data, showing that the measured background is well described by the combination of proton-induced radioactivation of the CdTe detector itself and thick Bi4Ge3O12 scintillator shields, leakage of cosmic X-ray background and albedo gamma-ray radiation, and emissions from naturally contaminated isotopes in the detector system., Comment: 18 pages, 13 figures

Published
2018
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4. A Roadmap for HEP Software and Computing R&D for the 2020s

Author

Albrecht, Johannes, Alves, Antonio Augusto, Amadio, Guilherme, Andronico, Giuseppe, Anh-Ky, Nguyen, Aphecetche, Laurent, Apostolakis, John, Asai, Makoto, Atzori, Luca, Babik, Marian, Bagliesi, Giuseppe, Bandieramonte, Marilena, Banerjee, Sunanda, Barisits, Martin, Bauerdick, Lothar AT, Belforte, Stefano, Benjamin, Douglas, Bernius, Catrin, Bhimji, Wahid, Bianchi, Riccardo Maria, Bird, Ian, Biscarat, Catherine, Blomer, Jakob, Bloom, Kenneth, Boccali, Tommaso, Bockelman, Brian, Bold, Tomasz, Bonacorsi, Daniele, Boveia, Antonio, Bozzi, Concezio, Bracko, Marko, Britton, David, Buckley, Andy, Buncic, Predrag, Calafiura, Paolo, Campana, Simone, Canal, Philippe, Canali, Luca, Carlino, Gianpaolo, Castro, Nuno, Cattaneo, Marco, Cerminara, Gianluca, Cervantes Villanueva, Javier, Chang, Philip, Chapman, John, Chen, Gang, Childers, Taylor, Clarke, Peter, Clemencic, Marco, Cogneras, Eric, Coles, Jeremy, Collier, Ian, Colling, David, Corti, Gloria, Cosmo, Gabriele, Costanzo, Davide, Couturier, Ben, Cranmer, Kyle, Cranshaw, Jack, Cristella, Leonardo, Crooks, David, Crépé-Renaudin, Sabine, Currie, Robert, Dallmeier-Tiessen, Sünje, De, Kaushik, De Cian, Michel, De Roeck, Albert, Delgado Peris, Antonio, Derue, Frédéric, Di Girolamo, Alessandro, Di Guida, Salvatore, Dimitrov, Gancho, Doglioni, Caterina, Dotti, Andrea, Duellmann, Dirk, Duflot, Laurent, Dykstra, Dave, Dziedziniewicz-Wojcik, Katarzyna, Dziurda, Agnieszka, Egede, Ulrik, Elmer, Peter, Elmsheuser, Johannes, Elvira, V Daniel, Eulisse, Giulio, Farrell, Steven, Ferber, Torben, Filipcic, Andrej, Fisk, Ian, Fitzpatrick, Conor, Flix, José, Formica, Andrea, Forti, Alessandra, Franzoni, Giovanni, Frost, James, Fuess, Stu, Gaede, Frank, Ganis, Gerardo, Gardner, Robert, Garonne, Vincent, and Gellrich, Andreas

Subjects
Information and Computing Sciences, Physical Sciences, Software Engineering, physics.comp-ph, hep-ex
Abstract

Particle physics has an ambitious and broad experimental programme for the coming decades. This programme requires large investments in detector hardware, either to build new facilities and experiments, or to upgrade existing ones. Similarly, it requires commensurate investment in the R&D of software to acquire, manage, process, and analyse the shear amounts of data to be recorded. In planning for the HL-LHC in particular, it is critical that all of the collaborating stakeholders agree on the software goals and priorities, and that the efforts complement each other. In this spirit, this white paper describes the R&D activities required to prepare for this software upgrade.

Published
2019

5. A Roadmap for HEP Software and Computing R&D for the 2020s

Author

Albrecht, Johannes, Alves Jr, Antonio Augusto, Amadio, Guilherme, Andronico, Giuseppe, Anh-Ky, Nguyen, Aphecetche, Laurent, Apostolakis, John, Asai, Makoto, Atzori, Luca, Babik, Marian, Bagliesi, Giuseppe, Bandieramonte, Marilena, Banerjee, Sunanda, Barisits, Martin, Bauerdick, Lothar A. T., Belforte, Stefano, Benjamin, Douglas, Bernius, Catrin, Bhimji, Wahid, Bianchi, Riccardo Maria, Bird, Ian, Biscarat, Catherine, Blomer, Jakob, Bloom, Kenneth, Boccali, Tommaso, Bockelman, Brian, Bold, Tomasz, Bonacorsi, Daniele, Boveia, Antonio, Bozzi, Concezio, Bracko, Marko, Britton, David, Buckley, Andy, Buncic, Predrag, Calafiura, Paolo, Campana, Simone, Canal, Philippe, Canali, Luca, Carlino, Gianpaolo, Castro, Nuno, Cattaneo, Marco, Cerminara, Gianluca, Villanueva, Javier Cervantes, Chang, Philip, Chapman, John, Chen, Gang, Childers, Taylor, Clarke, Peter, Clemencic, Marco, Cogneras, Eric, Coles, Jeremy, Collier, Ian, Colling, David, Corti, Gloria, Cosmo, Gabriele, Costanzo, Davide, Couturier, Ben, Cranmer, Kyle, Cranshaw, Jack, Cristella, Leonardo, Crooks, David, Crépé-Renaudin, Sabine, Currie, Robert, Dallmeier-Tiessen, Sünje, De, Kaushik, De Cian, Michel, De Roeck, Albert, Peris, Antonio Delgado, Derue, Frédéric, Di Girolamo, Alessandro, Di Guida, Salvatore, Dimitrov, Gancho, Doglioni, Caterina, Dotti, Andrea, Duellmann, Dirk, Duflot, Laurent, Dykstra, Dave, Dziedziniewicz-Wojcik, Katarzyna, Dziurda, Agnieszka, Egede, Ulrik, Elmer, Peter, Elmsheuser, Johannes, Elvira, V. Daniel, Eulisse, Giulio, Farrell, Steven, Ferber, Torben, Filipcic, Andrej, Fisk, Ian, Fitzpatrick, Conor, Flix, José, Formica, Andrea, Forti, Alessandra, Franzoni, Giovanni, Frost, James, Fuess, Stu, Gaede, Frank, Ganis, Gerardo, Gardner, Robert, Garonne, Vincent, Gellrich, Andreas, Genser, Krzysztof, George, Simon, Geurts, Frank, Gheata, Andrei, Gheata, Mihaela, Giacomini, Francesco, Giagu, Stefano, Giffels, Manuel, Gingrich, Douglas, Girone, Maria, Gligorov, Vladimir V., Glushkov, Ivan, Gohn, Wesley, Lopez, Jose Benito Gonzalez, Caballero, Isidro González, Fernández, Juan R. González, Govi, Giacomo, Grandi, Claudio, Grasland, Hadrien, Gray, Heather, Grillo, Lucia, Guan, Wen, Gutsche, Oliver, Gyurjyan, Vardan, Hanushevsky, Andrew, Hariri, Farah, Hartmann, Thomas, Harvey, John, Hauth, Thomas, Hegner, Benedikt, Heinemann, Beate, Heinrich, Lukas, Heiss, Andreas, Hernández, José M., Hildreth, Michael, Hodgkinson, Mark, Hoeche, Stefan, Holzman, Burt, Hristov, Peter, Huang, Xingtao, Ivanchenko, Vladimir N., Ivanov, Todor, Iven, Jan, Jashal, Brij, Jayatilaka, Bodhitha, Jones, Roger, Jouvin, Michel, Jun, Soon Yung, Kagan, Michael, Kalderon, Charles William, Kane, Meghan, Karavakis, Edward, Katz, Daniel S., Kcira, Dorian, Keeble, Oliver, Kersevan, Borut Paul, Kirby, Michael, Klimentov, Alexei, Klute, Markus, Komarov, Ilya, Konstantinov, Dmitri, Koppenburg, Patrick, Kowalkowski, Jim, Kreczko, Luke, Kuhr, Thomas, Kutschke, Robert, Kuznetsov, Valentin, Lampl, Walter, Lancon, Eric, Lange, David, Lassnig, Mario, Laycock, Paul, Leggett, Charles, Letts, James, Lewendel, Birgit, Li, Teng, Lima, Guilherme, Linacre, Jacob, Linden, Tomas, Livny, Miron, Presti, Giuseppe Lo, Lopienski, Sebastian, Love, Peter, Lyon, Adam, Magini, Nicolò, Marshall, Zachary L., Martelli, Edoardo, Martin-Haugh, Stewart, Mato, Pere, Mazumdar, Kajari, McCauley, Thomas, McFayden, Josh, McKee, Shawn, McNab, Andrew, Mehdiyev, Rashid, Meinhard, Helge, Menasce, Dario, Lorenzo, Patricia Mendez, Mete, Alaettin Serhan, Michelotto, Michele, Mitrevski, Jovan, Moneta, Lorenzo, Morgan, Ben, Mount, Richard, Moyse, Edward, Murray, Sean, Nairz, Armin, Neubauer, Mark S., Norman, Andrew, Novaes, Sérgio, Novak, Mihaly, Oyanguren, Arantza, Ozturk, Nurcan, Pages, Andres Pacheco, Paganini, Michela, Pansanel, Jerome, Pascuzzi, Vincent R., Patrick, Glenn, Pearce, Alex, Pearson, Ben, Pedro, Kevin, Perdue, Gabriel, Yzquierdo, Antonio Perez-Calero, Perrozzi, Luca, Petersen, Troels, Petric, Marko, Petzold, Andreas, Piedra, Jónatan, Piilonen, Leo, Piparo, Danilo, Pivarski, Jim, Pokorski, Witold, Polci, Francesco, Potamianos, Karolos, Psihas, Fernanda, Navarro, Albert Puig, Quast, Günter, Raven, Gerhard, Reuter, Jürgen, Ribon, Alberto, Rinaldi, Lorenzo, Ritter, Martin, Robinson, James, Rodrigues, Eduardo, Roiser, Stefan, Rousseau, David, Roy, Gareth, Rybkine, Grigori, Sailer, Andre, Sakuma, Tai, Santana, Renato, Sartirana, Andrea, Schellman, Heidi, Schovancová, Jaroslava, Schramm, Steven, Schulz, Markus, Sciabà, Andrea, Seidel, Sally, Sekmen, Sezen, Serfon, Cedric, Severini, Horst, Sexton-Kennedy, Elizabeth, Seymour, Michael, Sgalaberna, Davide, Shapoval, Illya, Shiers, Jamie, Shiu, Jing-Ge, Short, Hannah, Siroli, Gian Piero, Skipsey, Sam, Smith, Tim, Snyder, Scott, Sokoloff, Michael D., Spentzouris, Panagiotis, Stadie, Hartmut, Stark, Giordon, Stewart, Gordon, Stewart, Graeme A., Sánchez, Arturo, Sánchez-Hernández, Alberto, Taffard, Anyes, Tamponi, Umberto, Templon, Jeff, Tenaglia, Giacomo, Tsulaia, Vakhtang, Tunnell, Christopher, Vaandering, Eric, Valassi, Andrea, Vallecorsa, Sofia, Valsan, Liviu, Van Gemmeren, Peter, Vernet, Renaud, Viren, Brett, Vlimant, Jean-Roch, Voss, Christian, Votava, Margaret, Vuosalo, Carl, Sierra, Carlos Vázquez, Wartel, Romain, Watts, Gordon T., Wenaus, Torre, Wenzel, Sandro, Williams, Mike, Winklmeier, Frank, Wissing, Christoph, Wuerthwein, Frank, Wynne, Benjamin, Xiaomei, Zhang, Yang, Wei, and Yazgan, Efe

Subjects
Physics - Computational Physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

Particle physics has an ambitious and broad experimental programme for the coming decades. This programme requires large investments in detector hardware, either to build new facilities and experiments, or to upgrade existing ones. Similarly, it requires commensurate investment in the R&D of software to acquire, manage, process, and analyse the shear amounts of data to be recorded. In planning for the HL-LHC in particular, it is critical that all of the collaborating stakeholders agree on the software goals and priorities, and that the efforts complement each other. In this spirit, this white paper describes the R&D activities required to prepare for this software upgrade.

Published
2017
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6. The United States Department of Energy and National Institutes of Health Collaboration: Medical Care Advances by Discovery in Radiation Detection.

Author

Buchsbaum, Jeffrey, Capala, Jacek, Obcemea, Ceferino, Keppel, Cynthia, Asai, Makoto, Chen, Guang‐Hong, Christy, M. Eric, Fakhri, Georges El, Gueye, Paul, Pogue, Brian, Ruckman, Larry, Tourassi, Georgia, Vetter, Kai, Zhao, Wei, Squires, Allison, Saboury, Babak, Wang, Ge, Domurat‐Sousa, Kepler, and Weisenberger, Andrew

Subjects
NUCLEAR counters, ASTROPHYSICAL radiation, IMAGE reconstruction, ARTIFICIAL intelligence, ACQUISITION of data
Abstract

A National Institutes of Health (NIH) and U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science virtual workshop on shared general topics was held in July of 2021 and reported on in this publication in January of 2023. Following the inaugural 2021 joint meeting representatives from the DOE Office of Science and NIH met to discuss organizing a second joint workshop that would concentrate on radiation detection to bring together teams from both agencies and their grantee populations to stimulate collaboration and efficiency. To meet this scientific mission within the NIH and DOE radiation detection space, the organizers assembled workshop sessions covering the state‐of‐the‐art in cameras, detectors, and sensors for radiation external and internal (diagnostic and therapeutic) to human, data acquisition and electronics, image reconstruction and processing, and the application of artificial intelligence. NIH and DOE are committed to continuing the process of convening a joint workshop every 12–24 months. This Special Report recaps the findings of this second workshop. Beyond showing only the innovations and areas of success, important gaps in our knowledge were defined and presented. We summarize by defining four areas of greatest opportunity and need that emerged from the unique, dynamic dialogue the in‐person workshop provided the attendees. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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8. Multi-threaded Geant4 on the Xeon-Phi with Complex High-Energy Physics Geometry

Author

Farrell, Steven, Dotti, Andrea, Asai, Makoto, Calafiura, Paolo, and Monnard, Romain

Subjects
Physics - Computational Physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

To study the performance of multi-threaded Geant4 for high-energy physics experiments, an application has been developed which generalizes and extends previous work. A highly-complex detector geometry is used for benchmarking on an Intel Xeon Phi coprocessor. In addition, an implementation of parallel I/O based on Intel SCIF and ROOT technologies is incorporated and studied.

Published
2016

9. Extending Geant4 Parallelism with External Libraries (MPI, TBB) and Its Use on HPC Resources

Author

Dotti, Andrea, Asai, Makoto, Barrand, Guy, Hrivnacova, Ivana, and Murakami, Koichi

Subjects
Physics - Computational Physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

With Geant4 Version 10.0, released in December 2013, one of the most widely used Monte-Carlo codes has been ported to take full advantage of multi- and many-core CPUs thanks to the introduction of event-level parallelism via multithreading. In this paper we review recent developments to allow for a better integration of parallel Geant4 jobs with external libraries. We have chosen to develop examples using the popular Intel Threading Building Block (for short TBB) as an alternative parallelization approach to the native Geant4 POSIX. To simplify the scaling of a Geant4 application across nodes on a cluster we are improving the support of MPI in Geant4. In particular it is now possible to run an hybrid MPI/MT application that uses MPI to scale across nodes and MT to scale across cores. %The recent developments allow users to easily implement parallel application resources that scale on a very large number of nodes and cores typical of HPC resources., Comment: conference

Published
2016

10. High Energy Physics Forum for Computational Excellence: Working Group Reports (I. Applications Software II. Software Libraries and Tools III. Systems)

Author

Habib, Salman, Roser, Robert, LeCompte, Tom, Marshall, Zach, Borgland, Anders, Viren, Brett, Nugent, Peter, Asai, Makoto, Bauerdick, Lothar, Finkel, Hal, Gottlieb, Steve, Hoeche, Stefan, Sheldon, Paul, Vay, Jean-Luc, Elmer, Peter, Kirby, Michael, Patton, Simon, Potekhin, Maxim, Yanny, Brian, Calafiura, Paolo, Dart, Eli, Gutsche, Oliver, Izubuchi, Taku, Lyon, Adam, and Petravick, Don

Subjects
Physics - Computational Physics, Computer Science - Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science, Computer Science - Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

Computing plays an essential role in all aspects of high energy physics. As computational technology evolves rapidly in new directions, and data throughput and volume continue to follow a steep trend-line, it is important for the HEP community to develop an effective response to a series of expected challenges. In order to help shape the desired response, the HEP Forum for Computational Excellence (HEP-FCE) initiated a roadmap planning activity with two key overlapping drivers -- 1) software effectiveness, and 2) infrastructure and expertise advancement. The HEP-FCE formed three working groups, 1) Applications Software, 2) Software Libraries and Tools, and 3) Systems (including systems software), to provide an overview of the current status of HEP computing and to present findings and opportunities for the desired HEP computational roadmap. The final versions of the reports are combined in this document, and are presented along with introductory material., Comment: 72 pages

Published
2015

12. The ASTRO-H X-ray Astronomy Satellite

Author

Takahashi, Tadayuki, Mitsuda, Kazuhisa, Kelley, Richard, Aharonian, Felix, Akamatsu, Hiroki, Akimoto, Fumie, Allen, Steve, Anabuki, Naohisa, Angelini, Lorella, Arnaud, Keith, Asai, Makoto, Audard, Marc, Awaki, Hisamitsu, Azzarello, Philipp, Baluta, Chris, Bamba, Aya, Bando, Nobutaka, Bautz, Marshall, Bialas, Thomas, Blandford, Roger, Boyce, Kevin, Brenneman, Laura, Brown, Greg, Cackett, Edward, Canavan, Edgar, Chernyakova, Maria, Chiao, Meng, Coppi, Paolo, Costantini, Elisa, de Plaa, Jelle, Herder, Jan-Willem den, DiPirro, Michael, Done, Chris, Dotani, Tadayasu, Doty, John, Ebisawa, Ken, Eckart, Megan, Enoto, Teruaki, Ezoe, Yuichiro, Fabian, Andrew, Ferrigno, Carlo, Foster, Adam, Fujimoto, Ryuichi, Fukazawa, Yasushi, Funk, Stefan, Furuzawa, Akihiro, Galeazzi, Massimiliano, Gallo, Luigi, Gandhi, Poshak, Gilmore, Kirk, Guainazzi, Matteo, Haas, Daniel, Haba, Yoshito, Hamaguchi, Kenji, Harayama, Atsushi, Hatsukade, Isamu, Hayashi, Takayuki, Hayashi, Katsuhiro, Hayashida, Kiyoshi, Hiraga, Junko, Hirose, Kazuyuki, Hornschemeier, Ann, Hoshino, Akio, Hughes, John, Hwang, Una, Iizuka, Ryo, Inoue, Yoshiyuki, Ishibashi, Kazunori, Ishida, Manabu, Ishikawa, Kumi, Ishimura, Kosei, Ishisaki, Yoshitaka, Ito, Masayuki, Iwata, Naoko, Iyomoto, Naoko, Jewell, Chris, Kaastra, Jelle, Kallman, Timothy, Kamae, Tuneyoshi, Kataoka, Jun, Katsuda, Satoru, Katsuta, Junichiro, Kawaharada, Madoka, Kawai, Nobuyuki, Kawano, Taro, Kawasaki, Shigeo, Khangulyan, Dmitry, Kilbourne, Caroline, Kimball, Mark, Kimura, Masashi, Kitamoto, Shunji, Kitayama, Tetsu, Kohmura, Takayoshi, Kokubun, Motohide, Konami, Saori, Kosaka, Tatsuro, Koujelev, Alex, Koyama, Katsuji, Krimm, Hans, Kubota, Aya, Kunieda, Hideyo, LaMassa, Stephanie, Laurent, Philippe, Lebrun, Franccois, Leutenegger, Maurice, Limousin, Olivier, Loewenstein, Michael, Long, Knox, Lumb, David, Madejski, Grzegorz, Maeda, Yoshitomo, Makishima, Kazuo, Markevitch, Maxim, Masters, Candace, Matsumoto, Hironori, Matsushita, Kyoko, McCammon, Dan, Mcguinness, Daniel, McNamara, Brian, Miko, Joseph, Miller, Jon, Miller, Eric, Mineshige, Shin, Minesugi, Kenji, Mitsuishi, Ikuyuki, Miyazawa, Takuya, Mizuno, Tsunefumi, Mori, Koji, Mori, Hideyuki, Moroso, Franco, Muench, Theodore, Mukai, Koji, Murakami, Hiroshi, Murakami, Toshio, Mushotzky, Richard, Nagano, Housei, Nagino, Ryo, Nakagawa, Takao, Nakajima, Hiroshi, Nakamori, Takeshi, Nakashima, Shinya, Nakazawa, Kazuhiro, Namba, Yoshiharu, Natsukari, Chikara, Nishioka, Yusuke, Nobukawa, Masayoshi, Noda, Hirofumi, Nomachi, Masaharu, Dell, Steve O', Odaka, Hirokazu, Ogawa, Hiroyuki, Ogawa, Mina, Ogi, Keiji, Ohashi, Takaya, Ohno, Masanori, Ohta, Masayuki, Okajima, Takashi, Okamoto, Atsushi, Okazaki, Tsuyoshi, Ota, Naomi, Ozaki, Masanobu, Paerels, Frits, Paltani, St'ephane, Parmar, Arvind, Petre, Robert, Pinto, Ciro, Pohl, Martin, Pontius, James, Porter, F. Scott, Pottschmidt, Katja, Ramsey, Brian, Reis, Rubens, Reynolds, Christopher, Ricci, Claudio, Russell, Helen, Safi-Harb, Samar, Saito, Shinya, Sakai, Shin-ichiro, Sameshima, Hiroaki, Sato, Goro, Sato, Yoichi, Sato, Kosuke, Sato, Rie, Sawada, Makoto, Serlemitsos, Peter, Seta, Hiromi, Shibano, Yasuko, Shida, Maki, Shimada, Takanobu, Shinozaki, Keisuke, Shirron, Peter, Simionescu, Aurora, Simmons, Cynthia, Smith, Randall, Sneiderman, Gary, Soong, Yang, Stawarz, Lukasz, Sugawara, Yasuharu, Sugita, Hiroyuki, Sugita, Satoshi, Szymkowiak, Andrew, Tajima, Hiroyasu, Takahashi, Hiromitsu, Takahashi, Hiroaki, Takeda, Shin-ichiro, Takei, Yoh, Tamagawa, Toru, Tamura, Takayuki, Tamura, Keisuke, Tanaka, Takaaki, Tanaka, Yasuo, Tanaka, Yasuyuki, Tashiro, Makoto, Tawara, Yuzuru, Terada, Yukikatsu, Terashima, Yuichi, Tombesi, Francesco, Tomida, Hiroshi, Tsuboi, Yohko, Tsujimoto, Masahiro, Tsunemi, Hiroshi, Tsuru, Takeshi, Uchida, Hiroyuki, Uchiyama, Yasunobu, Uchiyama, Hideki, Ueda, Yoshihiro, Ueda, Shutaro, Ueno, Shiro, Uno, Shinichiro, Urry, Meg, Ursino, Eugenio, de Vries, Cor, Wada, Atsushi, Watanabe, Shin, Watanabe, Tomomi, Werner, Norbert, White, Nicholas, Wilkins, Dan, Yamada, Takahiro, Yamada, Shinya, Yamaguchi, Hiroya, Yamaoka, Kazutaka, Yamasaki, Noriko, Yamauchi, Makoto, Yamauchi, Shigeo, Yaqoob, Tahir, Yatsu, Yoichi, Yonetoku, Daisuke, Yoshida, Atsumasa, Yuasa, Takayuki, Zhuravleva, Irina, Zoghbi, Abderahmen, and ZuHone, John

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The joint JAXA/NASA ASTRO-H mission is the sixth in a series of highly successful X-ray missions developed by the Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), with a planned launch in 2015. The ASTRO-H mission is equipped with a suite of sensitive instruments with the highest energy resolution ever achieved at E > 3 keV and a wide energy range spanning four decades in energy from soft X-rays to gamma-rays. The simultaneous broad band pass, coupled with the high spectral resolution of Delta E < 7 eV of the micro-calorimeter, will enable a wide variety of important science themes to be pursued. ASTRO-H is expected to provide breakthrough results in scientific areas as diverse as the large-scale structure of the Universe and its evolution, the behavior of matter in the gravitational strong field regime, the physical conditions in sites of cosmic-ray acceleration, and the distribution of dark matter in galaxy clusters at different redshifts., Comment: 24 pages, 18 figures, Proceedings of the SPIE Astronomical Instrumentation "Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2014: Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray"

Published
2014
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14. Multi-Threaded Geant4 on the Xeon-Phi with Complex High-Energy Physics Geometry

Author

Farrell, Steven, Dotti, Andrea, Asai, Makoto, Calafiura, Paolo, and Monnard, Romain

Subjects
Information and Computing Sciences, Applied Computing, Physical Sciences, Affordable and Clean Energy, physics.comp-ph, hep-ex
Abstract

To study the performance of multi-threaded Geant4 for high-energy physics experiments, an application has been developed which generalizes and extends previous work. A highly-complex detector geometry is used for benchmarking on an Intel Xeon Phi coprocessor. In addition, an implementation of parallel I/O based on Intel SCIF and ROOT technologies is incorporated and studied.

Published
2015

15. Geant4 - Current and Future : A Snowmass 2013 White Paper

Author

Asai, Makoto and Mount, Richard

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Computational Physics
Abstract

The US involvement in Geant4 started with its adoption by the BaBar experiment at SLAC in 1997 and the subsequent creation of a group at SLAC supporting BaBar and contributing to Geant4 development. SLAC has provided the leadership of the international Geant4 Collaboration for the recent years and carries major responsibilities for evolutionary development of the existing code with work to implement multithreading and explore new application domains as well as new technologies such as GPUs. This paper presents the current and the future developments being carried by the SLAC Geant4 team., Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, A Snowmass 2013 White Paper

Published
2013

16. The ASTRO-H X-ray Observatory

Author

Takahashi, Tadayuki, Mitsuda, Kazuhisa, Kelley, Richard, Aharonian, Henri AartsFelix, Akamatsu, Hiroki, Akimoto, Fumie, Allen, Steve, Anabuki, Naohisa, Angelini, Lorella, Arnaud, Keith, Asai, Makoto, Audard, Marc, Awaki, Hisamitsu, Azzarello, Philipp, Baluta, Chris, Bamba, Aya, Bando, Nobutaka, Bautz, Mark, Blandford, Roger, Boyce, Kevin, Brown, Greg, Cackett, Ed, Chernyakova, Maria, Coppi, Paolo, Costantini, Elisa, de Plaa, Jelle, Herder, Jan-Willem den, DiPirro, Michael, Done, Chris, Dotani, Tadayasu, Doty, John, Ebisawa, Ken, Eckart, Megan, Enoto, Teruaki, Ezoe, Yuichiro, Fabian, Andrew, Ferrigno, Carlo, Foster, Adam, Fujimoto, Ryuichi, Fukazawa, Yasushi, Funk, Stefan, Furuzawa, Akihiro, Galeazzi, Massimiliano, Gallo, Luigi, Gandhi, Poshak, Gendreau, Keith, Gilmore, Kirk, Haas, Daniel, Haba, Yoshito, Hamaguchi, Kenji, Hatsukade, Isamu, Hayashi, Takayuki, Hayashida, Kiyoshi, Hiraga, Junko, Hirose, Kazuyuki, Hornschemeier, Ann, Hoshino, Akio, Hughes, John, Hwang, Una, Iizuka, Ryo, Inoue, Yoshiyuki, Ishibashi, Kazunori, Ishida, Manabu, Ishimura, Kosei, Ishisaki, Yoshitaka, Ito, Masayuki, Iwata, Naoko, Iyomoto, Naoko, Kaastra, Jelle, Kallman, Timothy, Kamae, Tuneyoshi, Kataoka, Jun, Katsuda, Satoru, Kawahara, Hajime, Kawaharada, Madoka, Kawai, Nobuyuki, Kawasaki, Shigeo, Khangaluyan, Dmitry, Kilbourne, Caroline, Kimura, Masashi, Kinugasa, Kenzo, Kitamoto, Shunji, Kitayama, Tetsu, Kohmura, Takayoshi, Kokubun, Motohide, Kosaka, Tatsuro, Koujelev, Alex, Koyama, Katsuji, Krimm, Hans, Kubota, Aya, Kunieda, Hideyo, LaMassa, Stephanie, Laurent, Philippe, Lebrun, Francois, Leutenegger, Maurice, Limousin, Olivier, Loewenstein, Michael, Long, Knox, Lumb, David, Madejski, Grzegorz, Maeda, Yoshitomo, Makishima, Kazuo, Marchand, Genevieve, Markevitch, Maxim, Matsumoto, Hironori, Matsushita, Kyoko, McCammon, Dan, McNamara, Brian, Miller, Jon, Miller, Eric, Mineshige, Shin, Minesugi, Kenji, Mitsuishi, Ikuyuki, Miyazawa, Takuya, Mizuno, Tsunefumi, Mori, Hideyuki, Mori, Koji, Mukai, Koji, Murakami, Toshio, Murakami, Hiroshi, Mushotzky, Richard, Nagano, Housei, Nagino, Ryo, Nakagawa, Takao, Nakajima, Hiroshi, Nakamori, Takeshi, Nakazawa, Kazuhiro, Namba, Yoshiharu, Natsukari, Chikara, Nishioka, Yusuke, Nobukawa, Masayoshi, Nomachi, Masaharu, Dell, Steve O', Odaka, Hirokazu, Ogawa, Hiroyuki, Ogawa, Mina, Ogi, Keiji, Ohashi, Takaya, Ohno, Masanori, Ohta, Masayuki, Okajima, Takashi, Okamoto, Atsushi, Okazaki, Tsuyoshi, Ota, Naomi, Ozaki, Masanobu, Paerels, Frits, Paltani, Stephane, Parmar, Arvind, Petre, Robert, Pohl, Martin, Porter, F. Scott, Ramsey, Brian, Reis, Rubens, Reynolds, Christopher, Russell, Helen, Safi-Harb, Samar, Sakai, Shin-ichiro, Sameshima, Hiroaki, Sanders, Jeremy, Sato, Goro, Sato, Rie, Sato, Yoichi, Sato, Kosuke, Sawada, Makoto, Serlemitsos, Peter, Seta, Hiromi, Shibano, Yasuko, Shida, Maki, Shimada, Takanobu, Shinozaki, Keisuke, Shirron, Peter, Simionescu, Aurora, Simmons, Cynthia, Smith, Randall, Sneiderman, Gary, Soong, Yang, Stawarz, Lukasz, Sugawara, Yasuharu, Sugita, Hiroyuki, Sugita, Satoshi, Szymkowiak, Andrew, Tajima, Hiroyasu, Takahashi, Hiromitsu, Takeda, Shin-ichiro, Takei, Yoh, Tamagawa, Toru, Tamura, Takayuki, Tamura, Keisuke, Tanaka, Takaaki, Tanaka, Yasuo, Tashiro, Makoto, Tawara, Yuzuru, Terada, Yukikatsu, Terashima, Yuichi, Tombesi, Francesco, Tomida, Hiroshi, Tsuboi, Yoko, Tsujimoto, Masahiro, Tsunemi, Hiroshi, Tsuru, Takeshi, Uchida, Hiroyuki, Uchiyama, Yasunobu, Uchiyama, Hideki, Ueda, Yoshihiro, Ueno, Shiro, Uno, Shinichiro, Urry, Meg, Ursino, Eugenio, de Vries, Cor, Wada, Atsushi, Watanabe, Shin, Werner, Norbert, White, Nicholas, Yamada, Takahiro, Yamada, Shinya, Yamaguchi, Hiroya, Yamasaki, Noriko, Yamauchi, Shigeo, Yamauchi, Makoto, Yatsu, Yoichi, Yonetoku, Daisuke, Yoshida, Atsumasa, and Yuasa, Takayuki

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The joint JAXA/NASA ASTRO-H mission is the sixth in a series of highly successful X-ray missions initiated by the Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS). ASTRO-H will investigate the physics of the high-energy universe via a suite of four instruments, covering a very wide energy range, from 0.3 keV to 600 keV. These instruments include a high-resolution, high-throughput spectrometer sensitive over 0.3-2 keV with high spectral resolution of Delta E < 7 eV, enabled by a micro-calorimeter array located in the focal plane of thin-foil X-ray optics; hard X-ray imaging spectrometers covering 5-80 keV, located in the focal plane of multilayer-coated, focusing hard X-ray mirrors; a wide-field imaging spectrometer sensitive over 0.4-12 keV, with an X-ray CCD camera in the focal plane of a soft X-ray telescope; and a non-focusing Compton-camera type soft gamma-ray detector, sensitive in the 40-600 keV band. The simultaneous broad bandpass, coupled with high spectral resolution, will enable the pursuit of a wide variety of important science themes., Comment: 22 pages, 17 figures, Proceedings of the SPIE Astronomical Instrumentation "Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2012: Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray"

Published
2012
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19. GPU Acceleration of Monte Carlo Simulation at the Cellular and DNA Levels

Author

Okada, Shogo, Murakami, Koichi, Amako, Katsuya, Sasaki, Takashi, Incerti, Sébastien, Karamitros, Mathieu, Henderson, Nick, Gerritsen, Margot, Asai, Makoto, Dotti, Andrea, Howlett, Robert J., Series editor, Jain, Lakhmi C., Series editor, Chen, Yen-Wei, editor, Torro, Carlos, editor, Tanaka, Satoshi, editor, and C. Jain, Lakhmi, editor

Published
2016
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22. Optimization of Geant4 for the Belle II software library

Author

Banerjee Swagato, Wright Dennis H., Asai Makoto, and Kim Doris Y.

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

During the next decade, the SuperKEKB/Belle II experiment expects to collect almost two orders of magnitude more collision data than the previous generation B-Factory experiments. Study of this data requires monumental computing resources to process and to generate the required simulation events necessary for physics analysis. At the core of the Belle II simulation library is the Geant4 toolkit. To use the available computing resources more efficiently, the physics list for Geant4 has been optimized for the Belle II environment, and various other strategies were applied to improve the performance of the Geant4 toolkit in the Belle II software library. Following the inclusion of this newly optimized physics list in an updated version of Geant4 toolkit, we obtain much better CPU usage during event simulation and reduce the computing resource usage by ~ 44%.

Published
2021
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29. Additional file 3 of Characteristics of auditory steady-state responses to different click frequencies in awake intact macaques

Author

Nakamura, Tomoya, Dinh, Trong Ha, Asai, Makoto, Nishimaru, Hiroshi, Matsumoto, Jumpei, Setogawa, Tsuyoshi, Ichijo, Hiroyuki, Honda, Sokichi, Yamada, Hiroshi, Mihara, Takuma, and Nishijo, Hisao

Abstract

Additional file 3: Fig. S3. Frequency distribution of laterality indices at 83.3 Hz of click train based on Powers (A) and ITCs (B) derived from bootstrap sampling. Ant, anterior; Mid, middle; Post, posterior.

Published
2022
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30. Additional file 2 of Characteristics of auditory steady-state responses to different click frequencies in awake intact macaques

Author

Nakamura, Tomoya, Dinh, Trong Ha, Asai, Makoto, Nishimaru, Hiroshi, Matsumoto, Jumpei, Setogawa, Tsuyoshi, Ichijo, Hiroyuki, Honda, Sokichi, Yamada, Hiroshi, Mihara, Takuma, and Nishijo, Hisao

Abstract

Additional file 2: Fig. S2. Comparison of the ERSPs (A) and ITCs (B) at Cz among the four click train frequencies. The data were generated by bootstrap sampling. ****p < 0.0001 (Steel–Dwass multiple comparison test). Error bars represent SEMs.

Published
2022
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31. Additional file 1 of Characteristics of auditory steady-state responses to different click frequencies in awake intact macaques

Author

Nakamura, Tomoya, Dinh, Trong Ha, Asai, Makoto, Nishimaru, Hiroshi, Matsumoto, Jumpei, Setogawa, Tsuyoshi, Ichijo, Hiroyuki, Honda, Sokichi, Yamada, Hiroshi, Mihara, Takuma, and Nishijo, Hisao

Abstract

Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Comparison of the averaged powers between different click train frequencies at 20-83.3 Hz. Mean powers during 300 ms from 150 to 450 ms after stimulus onset for five monkeys in response to 20, 40, 58.8, and 83.3-Hz click trains were computed at each electrode. **p < 0.01, *p < 0.05 (Tukey HSD test). Error bars represent SEMs.

Published
2022
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32. The PENELOPE physics models and transport mechanics. Implementation into Geant4

Author

Asai, Makoto, Cortés-Giraldo, Miguel A., Giménez-Alventosa, Vicent, Giménez Gómez, Vicent, Salvat, Francesc, and Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear

Subjects
PENELOPE code system, Materials Science (miscellaneous), Physics, QC1-999, FORTRAN (Llenguatge de programació), Biophysics, General Physics and Astronomy, Coupled electron-photon transport, Random-hinge method, Geant4 toolkit, coupled electron-photon transport, Monte Carlo method, FORTRAN (Computer program language), CIENCIAS DE LA COMPUTACION E INTELIGENCIA ARTIFICIAL, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, random-hinge method, Mètode de Montecarlo, Mathematical Physics, Monte Carlo simulation
Abstract

[EN] A translation of the penelope physics subroutines to C++, designed as an extension of the Geant4 toolkit, is presented. The Fortran code system penelope performs Monte Carlo simulation of coupled electron-photon transport in arbitrary materials for a wide energy range, nominally from 50 eV up to 1 GeV. Penelope implements the most reliable interaction models that are currently available, limited only by the required generality of the code. In addition, the transport of electrons and positrons is simulated by means of an elaborate class II scheme in which hard interactions (involving deflection angles or energy transfers larger than pre-defined cutoffs) are simulated from the associated restricted differential cross sections. After a brief description of the interaction models adopted for photons and electrons/positrons, we describe the details of the class-II algorithm used for tracking electrons and positrons. The C++ classes are adapted to the specific code structure of Geant4. They provide a complete description of the interactions and transport mechanics of electrons/positrons and photons in arbitrary materials, which can be activated from the G4ProcessManager to produce simulation results equivalent to those from the original penelope programs. The combined code, named PenG4, benefits from the multi-threading capabilities and advanced geometry and statistical tools of Geant4., Financial support from the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades/Agencia Estatal de Investigacion/European Regional Development Fund, European Union, (projects nos. RTI2018-098117-B-C21 and RTI2018-098117-B-C22) is gratefully aknowledged. The work of VA was supported by the program Ayudas para la contratacion de personal investigador en formacion de caracter predoctoral, programa VALi+d under grant number ACIF/2018/148 from the Conselleria dEducacio of the Generalitat Valenciana and the Fondo Social Europeo (FSE). VG acknowledges partial support from FEDER/MCIyU-AEI under grant FPA2017-84543-P, by the Severo Ochoa Excellence Program under grant SEV-2014-0398 and by Generalitat Valenciana through the project PROMETEO/2019/087.

Published
2021

34. The ASTRO-H (Hitomi) X-Ray Astronomy Satellite

Author

Takahashi, Tadayuki, Kokubun, Motohide, Mitsuda, Kazuhisa, Kelley, Richard, Ohashi, Takaya, Aharonian, Felix, Akamatsu, Hiroki, Akimoto, Fumie, Allen, Steve, Anabuki, Naohisa, Angelini, Lorella, Arnaud, Keith, Asai, Makoto, Audard, Marc, Awaki, Hisamitsu, Axelsson, Magnus, Azzarello, Philipp, Baluta, Chris, Bamba, Aya, Bando, Nobutaka, Bautz, Marshall, Bialas, Thomas, Blandford, Roger, Boyce, Kevin, Brenneman, Laura, Brown, Greg, Bulbul, Esra, Cackett, Edward, Canavan, Edgar, Chernyakova, Maria, Chiao, Meng, Coppi, Paolo, Costantini, Elisa, De Plaa, Jelle, Den Herder, Jan-Willem, DiPirro, Michael, Done, Chris, Dotani, Tadayasu, Doty, John, Ebisawa, Ken, Eckart, Megan, Enoto, Teruaki, Ezoe, Yuichiro, Fabian, Andrew, Ferrigno, Carlo, Foster, Adam, Fujimoto, Ryuichi, Fukazawa, Yasushi, Furuzawa, Akihiro, Galeazzi, Massimiliano, Gallo, Luigi, Gandhi, Poshak, Gilmore, Kirk, Giustini, Margherita, Goldwurm, Andrea, Gu, Liyi, Guainassi, Matteo, Haas, Daniel, Haba, Yoshito, Hagino, Kouichi, Hamaguchi, Kenji, Harayama, Atsushi, Harrus, Ilana, Hatsukade, Isamu, Hayashi, Takayuki, Hayashi, Katsuhiro, Hayashida, Kiyoshi, Hiraga, Junko, Hirose, Kazuyuki, Hornschemeier, Ann, Hoshino, Akio, Hughes, John, Ichinohe, Yuto, Iizuka, Ryo, Inoue, Yoshiyuki, Inoue, Hajime, Ishibashi, Kazunori, Ishida, Manabu, Ishikawa, Kumi, Ishimura, Kosei, Ishisaki, Yoshitaka, Itoh, Masayuki, Iwata, Naoko, Iyomoto, Naoko, Jewell, Chris, Kaastra, Jelle, Kallman, Timothy, Kamae, Tuneyoshi, Kara, Erin, Kataoka, Jun, Katsuda, Satoru, Katsuta, Junichiro, Kawaharada, Madoka, Kawai, Nobuyuki, Kawano, Taro, Kawasaki, Shigeo, Khangulyan, Dmitry, Kilbourne, Caroline, Kimball, Mark, King, Ashley, Kitaguchi, Takao, Kitamoto, Shunji, Kitayama, Tetsu, Kohmura, Takayoshi, Kosaka, Tatsuro, Koujelev, Alex, Koyama, Katsuji, Koyama, Shu, Kretschmar, Peter, Krimm, Hans, Kubota, Aya, Kunieda, Hideyo, Laurent, Philippe, Lebrun, Francois, Lee, Shiu-Hang, Leutenegger, Maurice, Limousin, Olivier, Loewenstein, Michael, Long, Knox, Lumb, David, Madejski, Grzegorz, Maeda, Yoshitomo, Maier, Daniel, Makishima, Kazuo, Markevitch, Maxim, Matsumoto, Hironori, Matsushita, Kyoko, McCammon, Dan, McNamara, Brian, Masters, Candace, McGuinness, Daniel, Mehdipour, Missagh, Miko, Joseph, Miller, Jon, Miller, Eric, Mineshige, Shin, Minesugi, Kenji, Mitsuishi, Ikuyuki, Miyazawa, Takuya, Mizuno, Tsunefumi, Mori, Koji, Mori, Hideyuki, Moroso, Franco, Moseley, Harvey, Muench, Theodore, Mukai, Koji, Murakami, Hiroshi, Murakami, Toshio, Mushotzky, Richard, Nagano, Housei, Nagino, Ryo, Nakagawa, Takao, Nakajima, Hiroshi, Nakamori, Takeshi, Nakano, Toshio, Nakashima, Shinya, Nakazawa, Kazuhiro, Namba, Oshiharu, Natsukari, Chikara, Nishioka, Yusuke, Nobukawa, Masayoshi, Noda, Hirofumi, Nobukawa, Kumiko, Nomachi, Masaharu, O'Dell, Steve, Odaka, Hirokazu, Ogawa, Hiroyuki, Ogawa, Mina, Ogi, Keiji, Ohno, Masanori, Ohta, Masayuki, Okajima, Takashi, Okamoto, Atsushi, Okazaki, Tsuyoshi, Ota, Naomi, Ozaki, Masanobu, Paerels, Frits, Paltani, Stephane, Parmar, Arvind, Petre, Robert, Pinto, Ciro, Pohl, Martin, Pontius, James, Porter, F. Scott, Pottschmidt, Katja, Ramsey, Brian, Reynolds, Christopher, Russell, Helen, Safi-Harb, Samar, Saito, Shinya, Sakai, Shin-ichiro, Sakai, Kazuhiro, Sameshima, Hiroaki, Sasaki, Toru, Sato, Goro, Sato, Yoichi, Sato, Kosuke, Sato, Rie, Sawada, Makoto, Schartel, Norbert, Serlemitsos, Peter, Seta, Hiromi, Shibano, Yasuko, Shida, Maki, Shidatsu, Megumi, Shimada, Takanobu, Shinozaki, Keisuke, Shirron, Peter, Simionescu, Aurora, Simmons, Cynthia, Smith, Randall, Sneiderman, Gary, Soong, Yang, Stawarz, Lukasz, Sugawara, Yasuharu, Sugita, Hiroyuki, Sugita, Satoshi, Szymkowiak, Andrew, Tajima, Hiroyasu, Takahashi, Hiromitsu, Takeda, Shin'ichiro, Takei, Yoh, Tamagawa, Toru, Tamura, Takayuki, Tamura, Keisuke, Tanaka, Takaaki, Tanaka, Yasuo, Tanaka, Yasuyuki, Tashiro, Makoto, Tawara, Yuzuru, Terada, Yukikatsu, Terashima, Yuichi, Tombesi, Francesco, Tomida, Hiroshi, Tsuboi, Yohko, Tsujimoto, Masahiro, Tsunemi, Hiroshi, Tsuru, Takeshi, Uchida, Hiroyuki, Uchiyama, Yasunobu, Uchiyama, Hideki, Ueda, Yoshihiro, Ueda, Shutaro, Ueno, Shiro, Uno, Shin'ichiro, Urry, Meg, Ursino, Eugenio, de Vries, Cor, Wada, Atsushi, Watanabe, Shin, Watanabe, Tomomi, Werner, Norbert, Wik, Daniel, Wilkins, Dan, Williams, Brian, Yamada, Takahiro, Yamada, Shinya, Yamaguchi, Hiroya, Yamaoka, Kazutaka, Yamasaki, Noriko, Yamauchi, Makoto, Yamauchi, Shigeo, Yaqoob, Tahir, Yonetoku, Daisuke, Yoshida, Atsumasa, Yuasa, Takayuki, Zhuravleva, Irina, and Zoghbi, Abderahmen

Subjects
Astrophysics
Abstract

The Hitomi (ASTRO-H) mission is the sixth Japanese X-ray astronomy satellite developed by a large international collaboration, including Japan, USA, Canada, and Europe. The mission aimed to provide the highest energy resolution ever achieved at E greater than 2 keV, using a microcalorimeter instrument, and to cover a wide energy range spanning four decades in energy from soft X-rays to gamma-rays. After a successful launch on 2016 February 17, the spacecraft lost its function on 2016 March 26, but the commissioning phase for about a month provided valuable information on the on-board instruments and the spacecraft system, including astrophysical results obtained from first light observations. The paper describes the Hitomi (ASTRO-H) mission, its capabilities, the initial operation, and the instruments/spacecraft performances confirmed during the commissioning operations for about a month.

Published
2016
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39. The effects of nuclear fragmentation models on single event effect prediction

Author

Clemens, Michael Andrew, Dodds, Nathaniel A., Weller, Robert A., Mendenhall, Marcus H., Reed, Robert A., Schrimpf, Ronald D., Koi, Tatsumi, Wright, Dennis H., and Asai, Makoto

Subjects
Nuclear reactions -- Models, Computer-generated environments -- Methods, Computer simulation -- Methods, Monte Carlo method -- Models, Business, Electronics, Electronics and electrical industries
Published
2009

40. Graded-index plastic optical fiber prepared by the coextrusion process

Author

Hirose, Ryoma, Asai, Makoto, Kondo, Atsushi, and Koike, Yasuhiro

Subjects
Fiber optics -- Research, Integrated circuit fabrication -- Research, Plastics -- Extrusion, Plastics -- Methods, Fiber optics, Integrated circuit fabrication, Astronomy, Physics
Abstract

A graded-index plastic optical fiber (GI POF) has been proposed as the transmission medium to realize high-speed information transmission. We have succeeded in fabricating a GI POF by the dopant diffusion coextrusion process, a method that allows continuous fabrication of GI POF. Although it has been indicated that the refractive index distribution of GI POF fabricated by this process is formed by Fick diffusion with the diffusion coefficient dependent on dopant concentration, the method to control it remains unknown. The purposes of this study are to establish the technology of stable fabricating of GI POF by the coextrusion process and to analyze the bandwidth. OCIS codes: 060.2280, 060.2300.

Published
2008

41. The PENELOPE Physics Models and Transport Mechanics. Implementation into Geant4

Author

Universitat Politècnica de València. Instituto de Instrumentación para Imagen Molecular - Institut d'Instrumentació per a Imatge Molecular, European Social Fund, Generalitat Valenciana, Agencia Estatal de Investigación, European Regional Development Fund, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Asai, Makoto, Cortés-Giraldo, Miguel A., Giménez-Alventosa, Vicent, Giménez Gómez, Vicent, Salvat, Francesc, Universitat Politècnica de València. Instituto de Instrumentación para Imagen Molecular - Institut d'Instrumentació per a Imatge Molecular, European Social Fund, Generalitat Valenciana, Agencia Estatal de Investigación, European Regional Development Fund, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Asai, Makoto, Cortés-Giraldo, Miguel A., Giménez-Alventosa, Vicent, Giménez Gómez, Vicent, and Salvat, Francesc

Abstract

[EN] A translation of the penelope physics subroutines to C++, designed as an extension of the Geant4 toolkit, is presented. The Fortran code system penelope performs Monte Carlo simulation of coupled electron-photon transport in arbitrary materials for a wide energy range, nominally from 50 eV up to 1 GeV. Penelope implements the most reliable interaction models that are currently available, limited only by the required generality of the code. In addition, the transport of electrons and positrons is simulated by means of an elaborate class II scheme in which hard interactions (involving deflection angles or energy transfers larger than pre-defined cutoffs) are simulated from the associated restricted differential cross sections. After a brief description of the interaction models adopted for photons and electrons/positrons, we describe the details of the class-II algorithm used for tracking electrons and positrons. The C++ classes are adapted to the specific code structure of Geant4. They provide a complete description of the interactions and transport mechanics of electrons/positrons and photons in arbitrary materials, which can be activated from the G4ProcessManager to produce simulation results equivalent to those from the original penelope programs. The combined code, named PenG4, benefits from the multi-threading capabilities and advanced geometry and statistical tools of Geant4.

Published
2021

42. The PENELOPE Physics Models and Transport Mechanics. Implementation into Geant4

Author

Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Asai, Makoto, Cortés Giraldo, Miguel Antonio, Giménez Alventosa, Vicent, Giménez Gómez, Vicent, Salvat, Francesc, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Asai, Makoto, Cortés Giraldo, Miguel Antonio, Giménez Alventosa, Vicent, Giménez Gómez, Vicent, and Salvat, Francesc

Abstract

A translation of the penelope physics subroutines to C++, designed as an extension of the Geant4 toolkit, is presented. The Fortran code system penelope performs Monte Carlo simulation of coupled electron-photon transport in arbitrary materials for a wide energy range, nominally from 50 eV up to 1 GeV. Penelope implements the most reliable interaction models that are currently available, limited only by the required generality of the code. In addition, the transport of electrons and positrons is simulated by means of an elaborate class II scheme in which hard interactions (involving deflection angles or energy transfers larger than pre-defined cutoffs) are simulated from the associated restricted differential cross sections. After a brief description of the interaction models adopted for photons and electrons/positrons, we describe the details of the class-II algorithm used for tracking electrons and positrons. The C++ classes are adapted to the specific code structure of Geant4. They provide a complete description of the interactions and transport mechanics of electrons/positrons and photons in arbitrary materials, which can be activated from the G4ProcessManager to produce simulation results equivalent to those from the original penelope programs. The combined code, named PenG4, benefits from the multi-threading capabilities and advanced geometry and statistical tools of Geant4.

Published
2021

44. Origin of the in-orbit instrumental background of the Hard X-ray Imager onboard Hitomi

Author

Hagino, Kouichi, primary, Odaka, Hirokazu, additional, Sato, Goro, additional, Sato, Tamotsu, additional, Suzuki, Hiromasa, additional, Mizuno, Tsunefumi, additional, Kawaharada, Madoka, additional, Ohno, Masanori, additional, Nakazawa, Kazuhiro, additional, Kobayashi, Shogo B., additional, Murakami, Hiroaki, additional, Miyake, Katsuma, additional, Asai, Makoto, additional, Koi, Tatsumi, additional, Madejski, Greg, additional, Saito, Shinya, additional, Wright, Dennis H., additional, Enoto, Teruaki, additional, Fukazawa, Yasushi, additional, Hayashi, Katsuhiro, additional, Kataoka, Jun, additional, Katsuta, Junichiro, additional, Kokubun, Motohide, additional, Laurent, Philippe, additional, Lebrun, François, additional, Limousin, Olivier, additional, Maier, Daniel, additional, Makishima, Kazuo, additional, Mori, Kunishiro, additional, Nakamori, Takeshi, additional, Nakano, Toshio, additional, Noda, Hirofumi, additional, Ohta, Masayuki, additional, Sato, Rie, additional, Tajima, Hiroyasu, additional, Takahashi, Hiromitsu, additional, Takahashi, Tadayuki, additional, Takeda, Shin’ichiro, additional, Tanaka, Takaaki, additional, Terada, Yukikatsu, additional, Uchiyama, Hideki, additional, Uchiyama, Yasunobu, additional, Watanabe, Shin, additional, Yamaoka, Kazutaka, additional, Yatsu, Yoichi, additional, and Yuasa, Takayuki, additional

Published
2020
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45. Additional file 1 of Nuclear factor kappa B activation appears weaker in schizophrenia patients with high brain cytokines than in non-schizophrenic controls with high brain cytokines

Author

Murphy, Caitlin E., Lawther, Adam J., Maree J. Webster, Asai, Makoto, Kondo, Yuji, Matsumoto, Mitsuyuki, Walker, Adam K., and Weickert, Cynthia Shannon

Abstract

Additional file 1: Table S1. Detailed cohort demographics. Table S2. Relationship of NF-κB transcripts in dorsolateral PFC with demographic variables

Published
2020
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46. A roadmap for HEP software and computing R&D for the 2020s

Author

Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, Albrecht, Johannes, Alves, Antonio A, Amadio, Guilherme, Andronico, Giuseppe, Anh-Ky, Nguyen, Aphecetche, Laurent, Apostolakis, John, Asai, Makoto, Atzori, Luca, Babik, Marian, Bagliesi, Giuseppe, Bandieramonte, Marilena, Banerjee, Sunanda, Barisits, Martin, Bauerdick, Lothar A T, Belforte, Stefano, Benjamin, Douglas, Bernius, Catrin, Bhimji, Wahid, Bianchi, Riccardo M, Bird, Ian, Biscarat, Catherine, Blomer, Jakob, Bloom, Kenneth, Boccali, Tommaso, Bockelman, Brian, Bold, Tomasz, Bonacorsi, Daniele, Boveia, Antonio, Bozzi, Concezio, Bracko, Marko, Britton, David, Buckley, Andy, Buncic, Predrag, Calafiura, Paolo, Campana, Simone, Canal, Philippe, Canali, Luca, Carlino, Gianpaolo, Castro, Nuno, Cattaneo, Marco, Cerminara, Gianluca, Cervantes Villanueva, Javier, Chang, Philip, Chapman, John, Chen, Gang, Childers, Taylor, Clarke, Peter, Clemencic, Marco, Cogneras, Eric, Coles, Jeremy, Collier, Ian, Colling, David, Corti, Gloria, Cosmo, Gabriele, Costanzo, Davide, Couturier, Ben, Cranmer, Kyle, Cranshaw, Jack, Cristella, Leonardo, Crooks, David, Crépé-Renaudin, Sabine, Currie, Robert, Dallmeier-Tiessen, Sünje, De, Kaushik, De Cian, Michel, De Roeck, Albert, Delgado Peris, Antonio, Derue, Frédéric, Di Girolamo, Alessandro, Di Guida, Salvatore, Dimitrov, Gancho, Doglioni, Caterina, Dotti, Andrea, Duellmann, Dirk, Duflot, Laurent, Dykstra, Dave, Dziedziniewicz-Wojcik, Katarzyna, Dziurda, Agnieszka, Egede, Ulrik, Elmer, Peter, Elmsheuser, Johannes, Elvira, V. D, Eulisse, Giulio, Farrell, Steven, Ferber, Torben, Filipcic, Andrej, Fisk, Ian, Fitzpatrick, Conor, Flix, José, Formica, Andrea, Forti, Alessandra, Franzoni, Giovanni, Frost, James, Fuess, Stu, Gaede, Frank, Ganis, Gerardo, Gardner, Robert, Garonne, Vincent, Gellrich, Andreas, Genser, Krzysztof, George, Simon, Geurts, Frank, Gheata, Andrei, Gheata, Mihaela, Giacomini, Francesco, Giagu, Stefano, Giffels, Manuel, Gingrich, Douglas, Girone, Maria, Gligorov, Vladimir V, Glushkov, Ivan, Gohn, Wesley, Gonzalez Lopez, Jose B, González Caballero, Isidro, González Fernández, Juan R, Govi, Giacomo, Grandi, Claudio, Grasland, Hadrien, Gray, Heather, Grillo, Lucia, Guan, Wen, Gutsche, Oliver, Gyurjyan, Vardan, Hanushevsky, Andrew, Hariri, Farah, Hartmann, Thomas, Harvey, John, Hauth, Thomas, Hegner, Benedikt, Heinemann, Beate, Heinrich, Lukas, Heiss, Andreas, Hernández, José M, Hildreth, Michael, Hodgkinson, Mark, Hoeche, Stefan, Holzman, Burt, Hristov, Peter, Huang, Xingtao, Ivanchenko, Vladimir N, Ivanov, Todor, Iven, Jan, Jashal, Brij, Jayatilaka, Bodhitha, Jones, Roger, Jouvin, Michel, Jun, Soon Y, Kagan, Michael, Kalderon, Charles W, Kane, Meghan, Karavakis, Edward, Katz, Daniel S, Kcira, Dorian, Keeble, Oliver, Kersevan, Borut P, Kirby, Michael, Klimentov, Alexei, Klute, Markus, Komarov, Ilya, Konstantinov, Dmitri, Koppenburg, Patrick, Kowalkowski, Jim, Kreczko, Luke, Kuhr, Thomas, Kutschke, Robert, Kuznetsov, Valentin, Lampl, Walter, Lancon, Eric, Lange, David, Lassnig, Mario, Laycock, Paul, Leggett, Charles, Letts, James, Lewendel, Birgit, Li, Teng, Lima, Guilherme, Linacre, Jacob, Linden, Tomas, Livny, Miron, Lo Presti, Giuseppe, Lopienski, Sebastian, Love, Peter, Lyon, Adam, Magini, Nicolò, Marshall, Zachary L, Martelli, Edoardo, Martin-Haugh, Stewart, Mato, Pere, Mazumdar, Kajari, McCauley, Thomas, McFayden, Josh, McKee, Shawn, McNab, Andrew, Mehdiyev, Rashid, Meinhard, Helge, Menasce, Dario, Mendez Lorenzo, Patricia, Mete, Alaettin S, Michelotto, Michele, Mitrevski, Jovan, Moneta, Lorenzo, Morgan, Ben, Mount, Richard, Moyse, Edward, Murray, Sean, Nairz, Armin, Neubauer, Mark S, Norman, Andrew, Novaes, Sérgio, Novak, Mihaly, Oyanguren, Arantza, Ozturk, Nurcan, Pacheco Pages, Andres, Paganini, Michela, Pansanel, Jerome, Pascuzzi, Vincent R, Patrick, Glenn, Pearce, Alex, Pearson, Ben, Pedro, Kevin, Perdue, Gabriel, Perez-Calero Yzquierdo, Antonio, Perrozzi, Luca, Petersen, Troels, Petric, Marko, Petzold, Andreas, Piedra, Jónatan, Piilonen, Leo, Piparo, Danilo, Pivarski, Jim, Pokorski, Witold, Polci, Francesco, Potamianos, Karolos, Psihas, Fernanda, Puig Navarro, Albert, Quast, Günter, Raven, Gerhard, Reuter, Jürgen, Ribon, Alberto, Rinaldi, Lorenzo, Ritter, Martin, Robinson, James, Rodrigues, Eduardo, Roiser, Stefan, Rousseau, David, Roy, Gareth, Rybkine, Grigori, Sailer, Andre, Sakuma, Tai, Santana, Renato, Sartirana, Andrea, Schellman, Heidi, Schovancová, Jaroslava, Schramm, Steven, Schulz, Markus, Sciabà, Andrea, Seidel, Sally, Sekmen, Sezen, Serfon, Cedric, Severini, Horst, Sexton-Kennedy, Elizabeth, Seymour, Michael, Sgalaberna, Davide, Shapoval, Illya, Shiers, Jamie, Shiu, Jing-Ge, Short, Hannah, Siroli, Gian P, Skipsey, Sam, Smith, Tim, Snyder, Scott, Sokoloff, Michael D, Spentzouris, Panagiotis, Stadie, Hartmut, Stark, Giordon, Stewart, Gordon, Stewart, Graeme A, Sánchez, Arturo, Sánchez-Hernández, Alberto, Taffard, Anyes, Tamponi, Umberto, Templon, Jeff, Tenaglia, Giacomo, Tsulaia, Vakhtang, Tunnell, Christopher, Vaandering, Eric, Valassi, Andrea, Vallecorsa, Sofia, Valsan, Liviu, Van Gemmeren, Peter, Vernet, Renaud, Viren, Brett, Vlimant, Jean-Roch, Voss, Christian, Votava, Margaret, Vuosalo, Carl, Vázquez Sierra, Carlos, Wartel, Romain, Watts, Gordon T, Wenaus, Torre, Wenzel, Sandro, Williams, Michael, Winklmeier, Frank, Wissing, Christoph, Wuerthwein, Frank, Wynne, Benjamin, Xiaomei, Zhang, Yang, Wei, Yazgan, Efe, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, Albrecht, Johannes, Alves, Antonio A, Amadio, Guilherme, Andronico, Giuseppe, Anh-Ky, Nguyen, Aphecetche, Laurent, Apostolakis, John, Asai, Makoto, Atzori, Luca, Babik, Marian, Bagliesi, Giuseppe, Bandieramonte, Marilena, Banerjee, Sunanda, Barisits, Martin, Bauerdick, Lothar A T, Belforte, Stefano, Benjamin, Douglas, Bernius, Catrin, Bhimji, Wahid, Bianchi, Riccardo M, Bird, Ian, Biscarat, Catherine, Blomer, Jakob, Bloom, Kenneth, Boccali, Tommaso, Bockelman, Brian, Bold, Tomasz, Bonacorsi, Daniele, Boveia, Antonio, Bozzi, Concezio, Bracko, Marko, Britton, David, Buckley, Andy, Buncic, Predrag, Calafiura, Paolo, Campana, Simone, Canal, Philippe, Canali, Luca, Carlino, Gianpaolo, Castro, Nuno, Cattaneo, Marco, Cerminara, Gianluca, Cervantes Villanueva, Javier, Chang, Philip, Chapman, John, Chen, Gang, Childers, Taylor, Clarke, Peter, Clemencic, Marco, Cogneras, Eric, Coles, Jeremy, Collier, Ian, Colling, David, Corti, Gloria, Cosmo, Gabriele, Costanzo, Davide, Couturier, Ben, Cranmer, Kyle, Cranshaw, Jack, Cristella, Leonardo, Crooks, David, Crépé-Renaudin, Sabine, Currie, Robert, Dallmeier-Tiessen, Sünje, De, Kaushik, De Cian, Michel, De Roeck, Albert, Delgado Peris, Antonio, Derue, Frédéric, Di Girolamo, Alessandro, Di Guida, Salvatore, Dimitrov, Gancho, Doglioni, Caterina, Dotti, Andrea, Duellmann, Dirk, Duflot, Laurent, Dykstra, Dave, Dziedziniewicz-Wojcik, Katarzyna, Dziurda, Agnieszka, Egede, Ulrik, Elmer, Peter, Elmsheuser, Johannes, Elvira, V. D, Eulisse, Giulio, Farrell, Steven, Ferber, Torben, Filipcic, Andrej, Fisk, Ian, Fitzpatrick, Conor, Flix, José, Formica, Andrea, Forti, Alessandra, Franzoni, Giovanni, Frost, James, Fuess, Stu, Gaede, Frank, Ganis, Gerardo, Gardner, Robert, Garonne, Vincent, Gellrich, Andreas, Genser, Krzysztof, George, Simon, Geurts, Frank, Gheata, Andrei, Gheata, Mihaela, Giacomini, Francesco, Giagu, Stefano, Giffels, Manuel, Gingrich, Douglas, Girone, Maria, Gligorov, Vladimir V, Glushkov, Ivan, Gohn, Wesley, Gonzalez Lopez, Jose B, González Caballero, Isidro, González Fernández, Juan R, Govi, Giacomo, Grandi, Claudio, Grasland, Hadrien, Gray, Heather, Grillo, Lucia, Guan, Wen, Gutsche, Oliver, Gyurjyan, Vardan, Hanushevsky, Andrew, Hariri, Farah, Hartmann, Thomas, Harvey, John, Hauth, Thomas, Hegner, Benedikt, Heinemann, Beate, Heinrich, Lukas, Heiss, Andreas, Hernández, José M, Hildreth, Michael, Hodgkinson, Mark, Hoeche, Stefan, Holzman, Burt, Hristov, Peter, Huang, Xingtao, Ivanchenko, Vladimir N, Ivanov, Todor, Iven, Jan, Jashal, Brij, Jayatilaka, Bodhitha, Jones, Roger, Jouvin, Michel, Jun, Soon Y, Kagan, Michael, Kalderon, Charles W, Kane, Meghan, Karavakis, Edward, Katz, Daniel S, Kcira, Dorian, Keeble, Oliver, Kersevan, Borut P, Kirby, Michael, Klimentov, Alexei, Klute, Markus, Komarov, Ilya, Konstantinov, Dmitri, Koppenburg, Patrick, Kowalkowski, Jim, Kreczko, Luke, Kuhr, Thomas, Kutschke, Robert, Kuznetsov, Valentin, Lampl, Walter, Lancon, Eric, Lange, David, Lassnig, Mario, Laycock, Paul, Leggett, Charles, Letts, James, Lewendel, Birgit, Li, Teng, Lima, Guilherme, Linacre, Jacob, Linden, Tomas, Livny, Miron, Lo Presti, Giuseppe, Lopienski, Sebastian, Love, Peter, Lyon, Adam, Magini, Nicolò, Marshall, Zachary L, Martelli, Edoardo, Martin-Haugh, Stewart, Mato, Pere, Mazumdar, Kajari, McCauley, Thomas, McFayden, Josh, McKee, Shawn, McNab, Andrew, Mehdiyev, Rashid, Meinhard, Helge, Menasce, Dario, Mendez Lorenzo, Patricia, Mete, Alaettin S, Michelotto, Michele, Mitrevski, Jovan, Moneta, Lorenzo, Morgan, Ben, Mount, Richard, Moyse, Edward, Murray, Sean, Nairz, Armin, Neubauer, Mark S, Norman, Andrew, Novaes, Sérgio, Novak, Mihaly, Oyanguren, Arantza, Ozturk, Nurcan, Pacheco Pages, Andres, Paganini, Michela, Pansanel, Jerome, Pascuzzi, Vincent R, Patrick, Glenn, Pearce, Alex, Pearson, Ben, Pedro, Kevin, Perdue, Gabriel, Perez-Calero Yzquierdo, Antonio, Perrozzi, Luca, Petersen, Troels, Petric, Marko, Petzold, Andreas, Piedra, Jónatan, Piilonen, Leo, Piparo, Danilo, Pivarski, Jim, Pokorski, Witold, Polci, Francesco, Potamianos, Karolos, Psihas, Fernanda, Puig Navarro, Albert, Quast, Günter, Raven, Gerhard, Reuter, Jürgen, Ribon, Alberto, Rinaldi, Lorenzo, Ritter, Martin, Robinson, James, Rodrigues, Eduardo, Roiser, Stefan, Rousseau, David, Roy, Gareth, Rybkine, Grigori, Sailer, Andre, Sakuma, Tai, Santana, Renato, Sartirana, Andrea, Schellman, Heidi, Schovancová, Jaroslava, Schramm, Steven, Schulz, Markus, Sciabà, Andrea, Seidel, Sally, Sekmen, Sezen, Serfon, Cedric, Severini, Horst, Sexton-Kennedy, Elizabeth, Seymour, Michael, Sgalaberna, Davide, Shapoval, Illya, Shiers, Jamie, Shiu, Jing-Ge, Short, Hannah, Siroli, Gian P, Skipsey, Sam, Smith, Tim, Snyder, Scott, Sokoloff, Michael D, Spentzouris, Panagiotis, Stadie, Hartmut, Stark, Giordon, Stewart, Gordon, Stewart, Graeme A, Sánchez, Arturo, Sánchez-Hernández, Alberto, Taffard, Anyes, Tamponi, Umberto, Templon, Jeff, Tenaglia, Giacomo, Tsulaia, Vakhtang, Tunnell, Christopher, Vaandering, Eric, Valassi, Andrea, Vallecorsa, Sofia, Valsan, Liviu, Van Gemmeren, Peter, Vernet, Renaud, Viren, Brett, Vlimant, Jean-Roch, Voss, Christian, Votava, Margaret, Vuosalo, Carl, Vázquez Sierra, Carlos, Wartel, Romain, Watts, Gordon T, Wenaus, Torre, Wenzel, Sandro, Williams, Michael, Winklmeier, Frank, Wissing, Christoph, Wuerthwein, Frank, Wynne, Benjamin, Xiaomei, Zhang, Yang, Wei, and Yazgan, Efe

Abstract

Particle physics has an ambitious and broad experimental programme for the coming decades. This programme requires large investments in detector hardware, either to build new facilities and experiments, or to upgrade existing ones. Similarly, it requires commensurate investment in the R&D of software to acquire, manage, process, and analyse the shear amounts of data to be recorded. In planning for the HL-LHC in particular, it is critical that all of the collaborating stakeholders agree on the software goals and priorities, and that the efforts complement each other. In this spirit, this white paper describes the R&D activities required to prepare for this software upgrade. ©2019

Published
2020

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