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Pelatihan pemisahan ayam Parent Stock pada fase meratakan bobot merupakan langkah penting dalam manajemen peternakan unggas untuk memastikan keseragaman bobot ayam, yang berpengaruh langsung pada produktivitas dan kualitas hasil produksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas pelatihan yang diberikan kepada mahasiswa program Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) di PT. Satwa Indo Perkasa. Pelatihan ini melibatkan 5 mahasiswa dan berlangsung selama empat bulan, mencakup teori dan praktik langsung di lapangan. Pelatihan ini melibatkan tiga tahapan: pengumpulan ayam, penimbangan, dan pemisahan, dengan tujuan meratakan timbangan anakan ayam fase grower. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan signifikan dalam keterampilan teknis mahasiswa, dengan 85% peserta pelatihan mampu melakukan pemisahan ayam sesuai standar setelah pelatihan, dibandingkan dengan hanya 30% sebelum pelatihan. Selain itu, pelatihan ini berhasil meningkatkan keseragaman bobot ayam Parent Stock, dengan penurunan koefisien variasi dari 15% menjadi 8%.

The role of students in religious moderation is significant to note. This is because student organizations have members from various religious ideologies, which have the potential to clash with each other. This is because many students need help understanding the concept of religious moderation that occurs. This research aims to analyze and discover the role of extra-campus student organizations in increasing religious moderation among university students, especially in the Cipayung Plus student group in Kendari City. The Cipayung Plus Kendari student group is a campus organization of various religions and religious ideologies. Islamic-based organizational groups are represented by the Muhammadiyah Student Association (IMM), the Islamic Student Association (HMI), the Indonesian Islamic Student Movement (PMII), and the Indonesian Muslim Student Action Union (KAMMI). Christian student organizations, namely the Republic of Indonesia Catholic Student Association (PMKRI) and the Indonesian Christian Student Movement (GMKI). ORGANIZATIONS with nationalist backgrounds, such as the Indonesian National Student Movement (GMNI) and the National Democratic Student League (LMND). The method in this study is descriptive qualitative. Observation, interviews, and documentation are used to do power collection. The data is processed using the Miles model and Huberman theory analysis: data collection, data reduction, data presentation, verification, and conclusion. The results showed that the Cipayung plus Kendari City student organization group significantly increased religious moderation among students. This is demonstrated by tolerance values, egalitarian values ​​(equality), and unity between organizations with different beliefs. The Cipayung Plus organization, Kendari City, has carried out this role.

The purpose of this study is to find out the causes and provide alternative solutions to the increase in divorce of the Malay community in Sambas Regency, West Kalimantan. The emergence of Covid-19 at the beginning of 2019 as a very scary and deadly virus for mankind in this world. One of them is Indonesia, which has been greatly affected by Covid-19, both from the family economy side and from the family resilience side. One of the cases that occurred in Sambas Regency was that in 2021 there was an increase in divorce during the Covid-19 pandemic, resulting in a change in status. This type of research is a type of qualitative research that prioritizes field studies with a normative juridical approach. The focus in this research is what causes the increasing divorce status of the Malay community during the Covid-19 period in Sambas Regency? And what are the alternative solutions to reduce the high divorce rate during the Covid-19 period in Sambas Regency. The findings of this study are the increase in divorce in Sambas Regency, the existence of conflicts in the families of married couples which results in divorce the main cause of problems in life or family economic resilience, communication in the family is tenuous and marriage. immaturity is caused by being too young to start a household. The alternative solution provided by this study is that husband and wife must communicate actively without prioritizing 2E, namely emotion and egoism to avoid conflict, synergistic active intervention from religious leaders, government, KUA, BBKN and families, to conduct socialization in order to create good relationships for newly married couple or husband and wife who have been married for a long time

Vascular streak dieback (VSD) disease, caused by Ceratobasidium theobromae, is one of the cocoa diseases responsible for decreasing cocoa production and declining cocoa plantation area in Indonesia. Planting cocoa clones with partial resistance to VSD has been useful in managing the disease. These have been produced by grafting or budding selected resistant genotype of cocoa onto unselected seedlings. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of rootstock × scion combinations on VSD resistance through top grafting. The experiment used five rootstocks and scions selected from five clones, namely: MCC-01, Sulawesi 1 (S-1), M-05, RB, BB-01 and the disease evaluation was carried out under natural infection conditions for 18 months. The experimental area was surrounded by cocoa trees from a severely VSD-infested cocoa farm. M-05 performed well for suppression of VSD incidence and severity as a scion regardless of the genotype of the rootstocks followed by Sulawesi 1 (S-1). The rootstocks M-05 and S-1 did not significantly reduce VSD incidence or severity on the susceptible scions from different clones such as MCC-01, RB and BB-01. MCC-01 showed a higher incidence and severity of VSD as a scion regardless of the rootstock genotype. This research proves that rootstocks from cocoa genotypes considered resistant, moderately susceptible, or susceptible to VSD, have little effect on cocoa scion resistance to VSD. Cocoa scion genotypes play a crucial role in VSD resistance.

Abstract: This study analyzes the thoughts of Abdullahi Ahmed an-Na'im in Islamic law reform, Abdullahi Ahmed an-Na'im, a Sudanese intellectual figure. The objective of this study is for discovering Naskh's thinking conceptually, as an object for Islamic law studies. This critical study emphasizes that it is a need to review the naskh principle, for an-Na'im, which lies in the requirement to treat the texts in the Quran relevantly to fillenough Islamic law reform in a modern context. By comprehending the naskh verses in the Koran as a form of delaying their implementation to the right time, He uses logic or paradigm reversed from the conventional naskh principles, by re-streamlining the principles of Islamic teachings contained in the verses in the Mecca phase, which in conventional naskh theory have stated by the Madaniyyah verses that came down later. For him, reversing the naskh process is an evolutionary principle of interpretation. The methods used are descriptive, hermeneutic, and phenomenological methods. In practical terms, his naskh thinking which is aimed at revitalizing the interpretation of Islamic teachings in the context of the modern world can be useful for its application for the benefits of the ummah in the renewal of Islamic law in Islamic legal reform. Keywords: reform, Islamic law, critical, Abdullahi Ahmed Na'in Abstrak: Kajian ini menganalisis pemikiran Abdullahi Ahmed an­-Na'im dalam reformasi hukum Islam, Abdullahi Ahmed an-Na’im adalah salah seorang tokoh intelektual Sudan. Arah tujuan dalam kajian ini diarahkan untuk menguak pemikiran naskh secara konseptual, sebuah objek kajian yang diletakkan sebagai bagian dari kajian studi hukum Islam dalam pembahruan. Studi kritis ini menegaskan bahwa perlunya peninjauan kembali prinsip naskh, bagi an-Na'im yang terletak pada keharusan untuk memperlakukan teks-teks al-Quran secara relevan demi mewujudkan pembaruan hukum Islam yang memadai dalam konteks modern. Dengan memahami naskh ayat-ayat dalam al­-Quran sebagai suatu bentuk penundaan pelaksanaannya hingga waktu yang tepat, ia menggunakan logika atau paradigma terbalik dari prinsip naskh konvensional, yaitu dengan mengefektifkan kembali prinsip-prinsip ajaran Islam yang terdapat pada ayat-ayat fase Makkah, yang dalam teori naskh konvensional dinyatakan telah oleh ayat­-ayat Madaniyyah yang turun belakangan. Baginya, membalikkan proses naskh merupakan prinsip interpretasi yang evolusioner. Metode yang digunakan metode deskriptif, hermeneutika, dan fenomenologi. Secara praktis, bahwa pemikiran naskhnya yang ditujukan untuk merelevansikan penafsiran ajaran Islam dalam konteks dunia modem, dapat berguna penerapannya bagi kebaikan dan kemaslahatan umat dalam pembaharuan hukum Islam dalam reformasi hukum Islam. Kata kunci: reformasi, hukum Islam, kritis, Abdullahi Ahmed Na'in

This study was intended to obtain white rust (Puccinia horiana) disease resistance Chrysanthemum transformed with wasabi defensin gene through mediation of Agrobacterium tumefaciens from three explant sources, i.e., leaf, lateral shoot bud, and internode. Observations were made on transformation efficiency, PCR analysis, in vitro and ex vitro disease resistance tests. Results showed that efficiency of transgenic callus and shoot regeneration was found both highest from lateral shoot buds (57.5% and 50.0%, respectively). PCR analysis showed that three putative transgenic plantlets from lateral shoot buds and one from leaf explant were putative transgenic carrying the wasabi, hpt, and nptII genes. Rooting test showed that the highest number of rooted plants was found in treatment of hygromycin (Hg) 25 mg L-1 (81%) and lowest was in treatment combination of kanamycin (Km) 50 mg L-1 + Hg 25 mg L-1 (25%). In vitro disease resistance test with sorus inoculation of P. horiana, directly on the leaves, resulted in 20 resistant plants out of 30 putative transgenic plants (66.67%). Ex vitro testing on adult plants of the same samples in a confined closed greenhouse (CGH) resulted in average of 80% transgenic Chrysanthemum plants were resistant, whereas in control plants caused white rust disease symptom.

Penelitian ini membahas tentang anak al-Laqith atau yang sering disebut pengangkatan anak dalam Islam, terutama mengenai ketentuan hukum dalam pembagian warisannya. Adopsi anak dalam hukum yang berlaku di Indonesia masih dalam perdebatan baik menurut hukum Islam maupun hukum Perdata Indonesia serta menjadi delematika bagi masyarakat Indonesia yang bergama Islam. Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana perbadingan hukum tentang hak waris anak al-liqath dalam perspektif Kompilasi Hukum Islam dan Hukum Perdata Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisa persamaan dan perbedaan dalam pembagian harta warisan kepada anak al-Laqith berdasarkan Kompilasi Hukum Islam dan Hukum Perdata di Indonesia. Metode dalam penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian hukum normatif. Hasil dari penelitian menjelaskan bahwa persamaan anak hasil adopsi memperoleh bagian dari warisan dari orang tua angkatnya. Pernyataan tersebut selaras dengan ketentuan KHI dan Hukum Perdata Indonesia. Perbedaannya adalah dalam KHI anak al-Laqith tidak menjadi ahli waris dari orang tua angkatnya namun bisa memperoleh harta warisan melalui wasiat wajibah memperoleh 1/3 warisan, menurut Hukum Perdata Indonesia anak al-Laqith ahli waris dari orang tua angkatnya dan bisa menjadi ahli waris golongan pertama yang bagiannya sama dengan diperoleh anak kandung dari orang tuanya.

Abstract Background Ceratobasidium theobromae, a member of the Ceratobasidiaceae family, is the causal agent of vascular-streak dieback (VSD) of cacao, a major threat to the chocolate industry in the South-East Asia. The fastidious pathogen is very hard to isolate and maintain in pure culture, which is a major bottleneck in the study of its genetic diversity and genome. Result This study describes for the first time, a 33.90 Mbp de novo assembled genome of a putative C. theobromae isolate from cacao. Ab initio gene prediction identified 9264 protein-coding genes, of which 800 are unique to C. theobromae when compared to Rhizoctonia spp., a closely related group. Transcriptome analysis using RNA isolated from 4 independent VSD symptomatic cacao stems identified 3550 transcriptionally active genes when compared to the assembled C. theobromae genome while transcripts for only 4 C. theobromae genes were detected in 2 asymptomatic stems. De novo assembly of the non-cacao associated reads from the VSD symptomatic stems uniformly produced genes with high identity to predicted genes in the C. theobromae genome as compared to Rhizoctonia spp. or genes found in Genbank. Further analysis of the predicted C. theobromae transcriptome was carried out identifying CAZy gene classes, KEGG-pathway associated genes, and 138 putative effector proteins. Conclusion These findings put forth, for the first time, a predicted genome for the fastidious basidiomycete C. theobromae causing VSD on cacao providing a model for testing and comparison in the future. The C. theobromae genome predicts a pathogenesis model involving secreted effector proteins to suppress plant defense mechanisms and plant cell wall degrading enzymes.

This article aims to learn more about marriage in an aged wawah because of an extramarital pregnancy and the psychological impact on children in the village of Makrampai West Kalimantan. This study uses a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach, namely observations in the field, the authors want to describe how the attention of the people of Makrampai Village in Tebas Subdistrict to underage marriages due to pregnancy out of wedlock itself. From the results of this study it was found that underage marriages in Makrampai Village came from a background of lack of parental attention to their biological children so that their children fell into promiscuity which cannot be changed so that the future of children is damaged and the educational background of parents is also very influential towards the education of children at home. Underage marriage has many impacts on the perpetrator, including depression, anxiety, fear and stress which are the effects of underage marriage in Makrampai Village, Tebas District, Sambas Regency.

After the consent is granted in the marriage of a husband and wife, the recitation of taklik talak takes place as part of a marriage agreement in Islam. This research is based on the consideration of the pros and cons of the Sambas Malay community, especially religious leaders regarding the marriage agreement called taklik talak in Islam. With a qualitative research method that is a phenomenological approach in the field, the author described how taklik talak exists as a marriage agreement in Islam and its application to the Sambas Malay community. The fact is that almost every married couple in the Malay community of Sambas does not say taklik talak by the husband to his wife after the consent is granted, only knowing it has been written or included in the marriage book without notification to the husband and wife. Although it is not obligatory to verbally express the taklik talak which is already written on the marriage certificate, once the taklik talak has been read out, it cannot be challenged again. If an agreement that has been agreed with a husband and wife is not fulfilled by one of the parties, then the other party has the right to submit the matter to the Religious Court to resolve it. The results in the study concluded that the pros and cons of implementing taklik talak as a marriage agreement in Islam were caused by a lack of knowledge of the Marriage Law Number 1 of 1974 Article 29 concerning Marriage Agreement and Islamic Law Compilation (KHI) Article 46 concerning taklik talak as well as the lack of exposure from the KUA through religious counselors and BP4 to premarital couples in Sambas.

Imam Syafi’i berpendapat bahwa perkawinan akibat hamil diluar nikah adalah sah, perkawinan boleh dilangsungkan ketika seorang wanita dalam keadaan hamil. Baik perkawinan itu dilakuan dengan laki-laki yang menghamilinya ataupun dengan laki-laki yang bukan menghamilinya. Argumen Imam Syafi’i tentang kebolehan perkawinan tersebut adalah karena wanita tersebut bukanlah termasuk golongan wanita yang haram untuk dinikahi. Bayi yang lahir akibat hubungan diluar nikah nasabnya kembali kepadanya. Sedangkan menurut Imam Ahmad Bin Hambal berpendapat bahwa perkawinan hamil di luar nikah dilakukan dengan laki-laki yang menghamilinya tidak boleh. Sedangkan perkawinan hamil di luar nikah dengan laki-laki yang bukan menghamilinya itu haram hukumnya. Dari pendapat dua tokoh ulama tersebut ada perbedaan pendapat sehingga menarik untuk dibahas. Jenis penelitian ini adalah library research, penelitian yang digunakan penelitian normatif, yaitu penelitian yang diarahkan dan difokuskan terhadap penelitian bahan-bahan pustaka. Fokus kajian ini adalah bagaimana pendapat Imam Syafi’i dan Imam Ahmad bin Hambal tentang hamil di luar nikah dan status nasab anak. Dari fokus kajian menyimpulkan bahwa setiap mazhab khusus mazhab Imam Syafi’i yang digunakan di Indonesia, sepakat bahwa batas minimal kehamilan adalah enam bulan, apabila seorang wanita dan laki-laki kawin lalu melahirkan seorang anak dalam keadaan hidup dan sempurna bentuknya sebelum enam bulan, maka anak tersebut tidak bisa dikaitkan dengan nasab atas nama suaminya.

Endophytic Trichoderma inoculated into roots have been known to colonize above ground tissues of cacao. In this study, we evaluated Trichoderma asperellum spread and impact on endophytic fungi occurring naturally in leaf, stem and root tissues after application through foliar spraying, stem infusion, and soil drenching into cacao seedling of two, four, and five months old respectively. This fungus was isolated from all plant tissues, although by stem infusion was not detected in leaf tissues, and regulated different co-occurring fungal endophytes influenced by seedling age. Dominant endophytes detected were Fusarium 1 and 3 in seedlings used for foliar spraying, morphospecies 1 and 3, and Lasiodiplodia 1 in seedlings used for stem infusion, and Lasiodiplodia 2, 3 and 4, and Paecilomyces in seedlings used for soil drenching. In general, these dominant fungi were more numerous in tissues of the control than in those inoculated with T. asperellum over three weeks post inoculation, but instead four weeks post inoculation. The pattern changed in tissues following soil drenching where higher colonization of dominant fungi in treated seedlings began earlier. These data showed that T. asperellum can deploy systemically, through the application of foliar spraying, infusion, and soil drenching, to almost all parts of the cacao plant even in the presence of endogenous fungal endophytes and the last fungi their self can reach high colonization in the presence of T. Asperellum. Therefore, this presence together of introduced and co-occurrence of endophyte fungi could potentially be used to develop a method for suppressing cacao pathogens.

Trichoderma asperellum, composted plant residues, and its combination can control vascular-streak dieback (VSD) disease caused by fungus Ceratobasidium theobromae in laboratory conditions. In this trial, we evaluated these treatments in two years through the application of foliar spraying and stem infusion for T. asperellum alone, through soil amendment for compost alone, and T. asperellum plus this organic fertilizer in the field on susceptible cacao clone. The disease is characterized by full-leaf chlorosis and necrosis that can develop rapidly to the entire branch, with around 70% incidence in seven months, and we detected the pathogen in branches showing light symptoms. All treatments except for T. asperellum plus composted plant residues three and seven months post application did not have any impact on the reduction of VSD incidence in the first year. In the second year, we observed a significant reduction of the disease by both T. asperellum in combination with compost and compost alone in a time span of three to seven months, and with T. asperellum spraying and infusion in a time span of five to seven months. By comparing to the control, the efficacy of these treatments in controlling the VSD disease seven months post-first application in the last year was 44.4%, 23.5%, 23.1%, and 15.1%, respectively. Detection of trees inoculated with T. asperellum indicated that this fungus was present in root and branch tissues except for treatment through infusions, while in the uninoculated trees, Trichoderma was not present or was present at a very low level. These data showed that combination of T. asperellum and composted plant residues applied through soil amendment was able to control VSD disease effectively and could potentially be used at large scale to control this disease and other diseases infesting aerial parts of cacao, and to improve soil fertility.

A disease presumed to be caused by Fusarium was observed in cocoa open fields with few or without shade trees. Within the population of cocoa trees in the field, some trees had died, some had yellowing leaves and dieback, and the others were apparently healthy. In order to demonstrate Fusarium species as the causal pathogen and to obtain information concerning the incidence of the disease, its distribution and its impact on sustainability of cocoa, isolation of the pathogen, inoculation of cocoa seedlings with isolates and a survey of disease has been conducted. Fusarium was isolated from roots and branches, and inoculated onto cocoa seedlings (one month old) via soil. Symptoms appeared within 3-4 weeks after infection. These symptoms consisted of yellowing of leaves beginning from the bottom until the leaves falldown, and browning internal of vascular tissue. Darkened vascular traces in the petiole characteristic of vascularstreak dieback infection were absent. The occurrence of Fusarium in the field was characterized by the absence of obvious signs of fungal infestation on root of infected trees, yellowing of leaves on twigs, dieback, and tree mortality in severe infestations. Disease incidence could reach 77% and in this situation it was difficult for trees recover from heavy infections or to be regenerated in the farm. The study proves that Fusarium is a pathogen causing dieback and the disease is called as Fusarium vascular dieback (FVD). Its development is apparently enhanced by dry conditions in the field. Key words: Fusarium sp., vascular disease, dieback, FVD, Theobroma cacao L.

Lasiodiplodia theobromae causes several severe diseases in cocoa, including cocoa dieback disease. The dieback caused by L. theobromae on cocoa is considered an emerging disease in Sulawesi. The fungus colonises stem tissues, producing leaf chlorosis, wilting and sudden dieback. To cope with the dieback, selecting and planting existing clones with partial resistance to the pathogen would be a good strategy. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the resistance of locally selected cocoa clones in Sulawesi to L. theobromae infection. Ten cocoa clones were assessed in the laboratory and the greenhouse for disease severity caused by an isolate of L. theobromae. The responses of the clones visible in laboratory and greenhouse tests through stem‐wounded inoculation ranged from susceptible to tolerant. The majority of the clones (nine clones) showed a significantly severe dieback and necrotic lesions. In contrast, another clone, designated MCC 02, performed consistently better in suppressing dieback and reducing necrotic lesions. Symptoms on the leaves varied, including chlorotic, yellowing on leaf veins and sudden browning, while in the stem, necrotic lesions and vascular streaking from dark brown to black were consistently visible. The clone MCC 02, with its superior resistance to L. theobromae, holds great potential for use in breeding programs to produce promising progeny clones with good resistance, yield and quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dieback disease is one of the constraints to cocoa production in Indonesia. A newly identified dieback symptom has been observed in cocoa farms in East Luwu since 2015 and later observed in Luwu, Pinrang, Enrekang and Soppeng Regency, South Sulawesi. The potential causal agent identity was determined using morphological characteristics, DNA sequences, and phylogenetic analyses. A total of four fungal isolates out of seven isolates that were recovered from diseased stems morphologically resembled Lasiodiplodia species. ITS and EF1α sequencing confirmed that three of the Lasiodiplodia isolates were Lasiodiplodia theobromae, and one isolate was Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae. The aggresiveness of all fungal isolates and control was further determined by a leaf disk assay. Experiments showed that L. theobromae isolate CAS0321 was the most aggressive isolate in a leaf disk assay, while other Lasiodiplodia isolates, Fusarium isolates and Diaporthe isolate, were less aggressive. L. theobromae isolate CAS0321 was further used for a pathogenicity test on cocoa seedlings. Two months after inoculation, L. theobromae isolate CAS0321 caused elongated streaks on seedling stems with dark brown to black streaking of vascular tissues similar to that observed in natural infections. This is the first report of a virulent isolate of L. theobromae associated with cocoa dieback in Sulawesi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction Lasiodiplodia theobromae (Pat.) Griffon & Maubl., a member of the family Botryosphaeriaceae, is often considered a latent plant pathogen attacking more than 500 plant species in the tropics and [...], Lasiodiplodia theobromae (Pat.) Griffon & Maubl., a member of the family Botryosphaeriaceae, is becoming a significant threat to crops and woody plants in many parts of the world, including the major cacao growing areas. While attempting to isolate Ceratobasidium theobromae, a causal agent of vascular streak dieback (VSD), from symptomatic cacao stems, 74% of isolated fungi were Lasiodiplodia spp. Sequence-based identification of 52 putative isolates of L. theobromae indicated that diverse species of Lasiodiplodia were associated with cacao in the studied areas, and the isolates showed variation in aggressiveness when assayed using cacao leaf discs. The present study reports a 43.75 Mb de novo assembled genome of an isolate of L. theobromae from cacao. Ab initio gene prediction generated 13 061 protein-coding genes, of which 2862 are unique to L. theobromae, when compared with other closely related Botryosphaeriaceae. Transcriptome analysis revealed that 11 860 predicted genes were transcriptionally active and 1255 were more highly expressed in planta compared with cultured mycelia. The predicted genes differentially expressed during infection were mainly those involved in carbohydrate, pectin, and lignin catabolism, cytochrome P450, necrosis-inducing proteins, and putative effectors. These findings significantly expand our knowledge of the genome of L. theobromae and the genes involved in virulence and pathogenicity. Keywords: cacao, Lasiodiplodia, genome, transcriptome, effectors. Le Lasiodiplodia theobramae (Pat.) Griffon & Maubl., un membre de la famille des Botryosphaeriaceae, est en train de devenir une menace importante chez plusieurs cultures et especes ligneuses dans plusieurs regions du monde, incluant les regions productrices de cacaoyer. En tentant d'isoler le Ceratobasidium theobromae, l'agent causal du deperissement avec necrose vasculaire (VSD), a partir de tiges symptomatiques, 74 % des champignons isoles appartenaient aux Lasiodiplodia spp. Une identification moleculaire de 52 isolats putatifs du Lasiodiplodia a permis de montrer que diverses especes de Lasiodiplodia etaient associees au cacaoyer dans les regions etudiees et que ces isolats montraient une agressivite variable lorsque celle-ci etait mesuree sur des disques foliaires. La presente etude rapporte un genome de 43,75 Mb assemble de novo a partir d'un isolat L. theobromae du cacaoyer. Une prediction de genes ab initio a produit 13 061 genes codant pour des proteines, dont 2862 etaient uniques au L. theobromae par rapport a d'autres Botryosphaeriaceae. Une analyse transcriptomique a revele que 11 860 des genes predits etaient transcrits et que 1255 de ceux-ci etaient plus fortement exprimes in planta que chez le mycelium en culture. Les genes predits qui etaient exprimes de maniere differentielle au cours de l'infection etaient principalement ceux impliques dans le catabolisme des hydrates de carbone, de la pectine et de la lignine, ainsi que des cytochromes P450, des proteines induisant la necrose et des effecteurs putatifs. Ces resultats accroissent significativement nos connaissances sur le genome ainsi que les genes du L. theobromae que sont impliques dans la virulence et la pathogenicite. [Traduit par la Redaction] Mots-cles : cacaoyer, Lasiodiplodia, genome, transcriptome, effecteurs.

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