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The space industry is growing and space data are becoming accessible to businesses that were previously unthinkable. Constellations of small satellites in Very Low Earth Orbit (VLEO) have created a gap that is allowing small and medium-sized space companies to gain momentum by developing new strategies and technologies. According to Euroconsult forecasting, the NewSpace market will grow from $12.6 billion to $42.8 billion in the next decade (2019–2028). Despite the study’s limitations and the uncertainties of the small satellite market, the results obtained in this exploratory research suggest that the Low-Cost Carriers (LCC) market, an already established market in the aviation industry, and the growing market of EO small satellite constellations in VLEO have similar behaviours. This behaviour shows that the evolution of EO smallsat constellations in VLEO is comparable with the evolution of the LCC airlines. In addition, the result also identifies a set of competitive factors that allow the researchers to observe similar strategic behaviour in both markets Peer Reviewed Objectius de Desenvolupament Sostenible::9 - Indústria, Innovació i Infraestructura

Law and policy provide the foundation for space actors engaging in space activities. Likewise, various levels of policy and regulation apply internationally, domestically, and even institutionally to both governmental and nongovernmental entities. Consequently, teaching the policy frameworks for space regulations and best practices is essential for a comprehensive university curriculum in space education. Challenges arise, however, when instructing technical and non-policy university students in humanities-centered topics. Reading comprehension, writing ability, critical thinking, and communication skills are critical elements of policy education, yet many technically oriented students struggle with these requirements. Given these are fundamental skillsets necessary for success in both academia and a dynamic space work force, adapting traditional teaching methodologies may be required to optimize desired learning outcomes for technical student audiences. Customizable strategies exist that can combine and scale these fundamental skillsets with substantive content and materials, providing a range of teaching and learning modalities for study, assessment, and experience. This presentation will highlight potential learning approaches tried at one aeronautical university to address these challenges. For instance, overarching strategies may include commencing with a visual of the student journey (much like a user journey in an investment pitch) delineating the value-added experience for students engaging in course content, and building substantive skill-based learning components which are introduced sequentially and with increasing level of difficulty. Examples of learning methodologies include applying Bloom’s Taxonomy in assignment creation. Most importantly: 1) Knowledge: involves identifying, understanding and remembering core content (e.g. pop quizzes, reading quizzes, cumulative review quizzes, question bank assessments); 2) Analysis: involves reading comprehension, interpretation, evaluation, analysis (e.g. essays, summaries, case studies); 3) Application: involves investigation, research and designing research projects (e.g. research articles, posters, digital presentations, short videos). Scaffolding assignments and artifacts into manageable pieces throughout the semester is key to guiding students towards success and reducing potential for ‘expert blind spots.’ Lastly, an end-of-course review and self-reflection of the student journey is helpful in underlining the critical thinking process and provide a visual review of the student journey in acquiring substantive knowledge, skills, and experience throughout the term

Submitted by Maria Aparecida (cidazen@gmail.com) on 2022-05-17T17:53:06Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Uanser M.E. Ezeanowai.pdf: 52981358 bytes, checksum: 08955d4eeb58e71bfa6c7372c53807b1 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2022-05-17T17:53:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Uanser M.E. Ezeanowai.pdf: 52981358 bytes, checksum: 08955d4eeb58e71bfa6c7372c53807b1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2022-03-21 This study proposes the formulation and application of a methodology that will awaken in Elementary School students an interest in Science, in particular, in Physics, Astronomy and Astronautics. For that, a Didactic Sequence based on Physics was elaborated, the latter necessary for the understanding of Astronomy and Astronautics, directed to the launching rockets. This work was carried out in ninth grade classes at the Tiradentes I Military School, located in São Luís do Maranhão.For data collection two questionnaires were applied using the platform “Google Forms”. Such knowledge was imparted through classes, seminars and workshops carried out in person and/or remotely. The apps Symbolab, Tracker and Origin were used to solve integrals, model and graph the rockets movement from PET bottles. To evaluated previous knowledge, learning and possible changes to be incorporated into the project, questionnaires implemented via Google Forms were developed. The results obtained validate both the didactic sequence and the methodology used. Este trabalho propõe a formulação e aplicação de uma metodologia que venha a despertar, em alunos do Ensino Fundamental, o interesse pela Ciência, em particular pela Física, Astronomia e Astronáutica. Para tanto, elaborou-se uma sequência didática fundamentada na Física, necessária à compreensão da Astronomia e Astronáutica, direcionada ao lançamento de foguetes. Esse trabalho foi executado em turmas do nono ano da Escola Militar Tiradentes I, localizada em São Luís do Maranhão. Na elaboração da sequência didática foram considerados os temas básicos de Física necessários à compreensão de conceitos e modelos utilizados no lançamento de foguetes. Tais conhecimentos foram ministrados através de aulas, seminários e oficinas executadas presencialmente e/ou remotamente. Utilizou-se os aplicativos Symbolab, Tracker e Origin para resolver integrais, modelar e elaborar gráficos sobre o movimento de foguetes de garrafas PET. Para avaliarmos os conhecimentos prévios, a aprendizagem e possíveis mudanças a serem incorporadas ao projeto, questionários implementados via Google Forms foram trabalhados. Os resultados obtidos validam tanto a sequência didática quanto a metodologia utilizada.

The ESA Academy is the ESA Education Office’s overarching programme for university students. The Academy’s portfolio consists of both ‘hands-on’ activities, and a Training and Learning Programme. Conventionally both of these elements involve a significant number of in person events, for example training sessions, workshops and test and launch campaigns. The educational nature and practical aspects of such events has traditionally necessitated in person participation. Additionally, most of the Academy’s ‘hands-on’ programmes revolve around student teams designing, building, testing and operating an experiment or spacecraft, activities which rely on the availability and delivery of commercial components, and access to manufacturing, testing and launch facilities, and laboratories. In March 2020, as the COVID-19 pandemic, and associated restrictions, began to take hold in Europe, nearly all the ESA Academy programmes were affected. Despite the challenges, the Academy continued to deliver activities, and the student teams participating in the Academy’s programmes continued to achieve major milestones, including launching experiments to the ISS, CubeSat testing and launch and execution of micro- and hyper-gravity experiments. This paper explores the challenges faced during COVID-19 and how both the programmes and the students participating in the programmes adapted to meet their educational, scientific, and technical goals. Furthermore, the longer-term adaptation of some of these changes into the future execution of the programmes is discussed

Space missions need software in order to be aware of the occurrence of geometric events in different phases of their project lifecycle. However, current software packages that provide capabilities to search for geometric events might lack desirable software qualities such as extensibility and reusability, and some conflate the definition of events with the search for the same. In order to improve the state of the art, we propose a framework named Tychonis that, via metamodeling techniques and conscious use of object-oriented design best practices, (i) can integrate with current and future mission software, (ii) enables end-users to extend opportunities and search algorithms without modifying the tools that use the framework, and (iii) promotes the cross-mission reusability of the framework and its extensions. These attributes make it less costly for projects to develop software to search for geometric events. Tychonis is provided as a software library that allows missions to add their own data structures and constructs to the framework, including geometric event types and search algorithms. This is accomplished with Tychonis’ use of the Eclipse Modeling Framework (EMF) to capture its metamodel, which enables the generation of Java classes that represent built-in or user-developed Tychonis constructs. In the present paper, we elaborate on the impetus for the development of Tychonis, present its proposed design and use, and discuss growth opportunities for future consideration.

This work is the result of the experience we had in participating in the Brazilian Rocket Launch Exhibition (MOBFOG) and the Jornada Cearense de Rocket (JCF), using as a teaching strategy for some content, workshops for building PET bottle rockets and bases launches. The work was carried out with elementary and high school students seeking to bring them closer to the competences and skills established by the National Common Curricular Base (BNCC) for the Earth and Universe axis. The contents related to Newton's Laws, center of mass, center of pressure, physical states of matter and their properties were discussed and addressed. In order to collect data that would help us to know if the strategy resulted in learning, we used qualitative activities through forms, questionnaires, interviews and other notes. The execution of the scripts of the didactic sequences allowed a differentiated learning through investigative activities that favored the interdisciplinarity and the contextualization of the contents. Este trabalho é resultado da experiência que tivemos em nossa participação na Mostra Brasileira de Lançamento de Foguetes (MOBFOG) e da Jornada Cearense de Foguetes (JCF), utilizando como estratégia de ensino de conteúdos como mecânica, oficinas de construção de foguetes de garrafa PET e bases de lançamentos. O trabalho foi realizado com alunos do Ensino Fundamental II e Médio buscando aproximá-los das competências e habilidades estabelecidas pela Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) para o eixo de Terra e Universo. Foram discutidos e abordados os conteúdos relacionados as Leis de Newton, centro de massa, centro de pressão, estados físicos da matéria e suas propriedades. Para coletar dados que nos ajudassem a saber se a estratégia resultou em aprendizado fizemos uso de atividades do tipo qualitativas por meio de formulários, questionários, entrevistas e apontamentos. A execução dos roteiros das sequências didáticas possibilitou um aprendizado por meio de atividades investigativas que favoreceram interdisciplinaridade e a contextualização dos conteúdos.

The future plans of the space agencies all across the globe, mainly focus on the advance of the Extravehicular Activities (EVAs) that are orientated in the repair and maintenance of the space vehicles. This thesis presents a brief history of the space suits (EMU, Orlan-M) utilized in space applications and the propulsion units (Hand-Held Maneuvering Unit, Manned Maneuvering Unit and the Simplified Aid for Extravehicular Activity Rescue-SAFER which is currently being used for performing self-rescue maneuvers, in the case the EVA crew member becomes untethered from the orbiter) that have been used during the space activities. After introducing the space environment and the critical conditions that surround the astronaut during these activities, the fundamentals of the Cold Gas Propulsion Systems on which the function of the SAFER propulsion unit is based, are presented. The aim of this thesis is to perform a performance analysis of the SAFER propulsion unit, with the extraction of the basic space propulsion concepts, i.e. thrust, specific impulse, etc. and the verification of the produced results with the technical characteristics of the unit. The orbital dynamics applying on the astronaut during an EVA are also being studied in this thesis, starting from the scenario where the crew member becomes untethered and floats freely in the vacuum of space and at the same time, examining the case where the SAFER propulsion unit is being activated for the performance of the self-rescue maneuver, and the return of the astronaut to the orbiter.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES A Olimpíada Brasileira de Astronomia e Astronáutica (OBA) surgiu com o objetivo de desenvolver a ciência com o intuito de motivar nos estudantes o interesse sobre o tema. A ideia central deste trabalho é investigar a percepção dos alunos sobre a OBA, verificando as possíveis dificuldades enfrentadas pelos mesmos durante o processo de participação na OBA. Este trabalho apresenta um estudo preliminar através da aplicação de um questionário de opinião com os alunos do nível II (4º e 5º ano), da Escola Municipal de Ensino Fundamental José Bessa (Beberibe – CE), que participaram da Olimpíada no ano de 2019. Após esse levantamento, realizamos um estudo diagnóstico da prova aplicada na escola procurando identificar as dificuldades dos estudantes. Com base nos dados coletados, constatamos que os estudantes apresentaram dificuldade na resolução de algumas questões da prova. Diante dessa problemática, o próximo passo dado na pesquisa foi a realização da Gincana Astronômica em formato totalmente virtual por meio do uso do Web App Astronomia em Casa, vinculado a plataformas digitais educacionais como: Google Meet, Wordwall e WhatsApp. No decorrer da gincana, abordamos os conteúdos que constam no edital da OBA, através de metodologias interativas que possam manifestar no aluno o desejo em aprender. Ao final da gincana, foi realizada a aplicação do simulado online, disponível no website da OBA, com o objetivo de motivar e aprimorar a qualidade de ensino dos conteúdos de astronomia e astronáutica, como parte da obtenção de resultados satisfatórios posteriormente. Para concluir, realizou-se a aplicação do questionário de satisfação do produto acerca da aplicabilidade do Web App. Com isso a utilização do aplicativo educacional cumpriu com o objetivo e contribuíu para o processo de aprendizagem de forma divertida e prazerosa The Brazilian Astronomy and Astronautics Olympiad (OBA) emerged intending to develop science and aiming to spark the student's interest in the themes. The main idea of this thesis is to investigate the student’s perception of the OBA, checking the possible difficulties faced by them during their participation in the school Olympiad. This thesis presents a preliminary study through the application of an opinion questionnaire to the students of the fourth and fifth grades from the José Bessa fundamental school (Escola Municipal de Ensino Fundamental José Bessa), located in the city of Beberibe, State of Ceara, Brazil. The participants of this research took part in the Olympiads of 2019. After the survey, we performed a diagnostic study of the test applied in the school to identify the students’ difficulties. Based on the collected data, we could verify that students did present difficulties when solving some questions from the test. Before this problem, the next step of the research was the implementation of the school Astronomy Gymkhana. The school Gymkhana was carried out completely in a virtual format through the Web App Astronomia em casa, which is linked to digital platforms such as Google meet, Wordwall, and Whatsapp. During the school gymkhana, we approached the contents from the OBA edict using interactive methodologies that could spark in the student the desire to learn. At the end of the gymkhana, we applied an online mock test provided by the OBA website aiming to motivate and improve the quality of teaching of contents related to astronomy and astronautics as a way of subsequently obtaining satisfactory results. To conclude, a satisfaction questionnaire on the applicability of the Web App product was carried out. Thus, the use of the educational application fulfilled the objective and contributed to the learning process in a fun and enjoyable way

The emergence of a new private spaceflight industry has taken the Earth Observation (EO) sector by surprise. NewSpace companies are challenging the traditional satellite sector by addressing their services to mass market requirements of high-quality and low-cost EO. As part of the DISCOVERER project, this study aims to determine the Key Success Factors to consider by a new EO company at Low Earth Orbit (LEO). Hence, three businesses fitting the description were analyzed with the Case Study Methodology to establish their Business Model Canvas (BMC), associated Patterns, and Key Success Factors. The investigation consolidated the newly proposed Democratizing Business Model Pattern and added new characteristics. Successful EO NewSpace firms are getting divided between integrated operators, integrated manufacturers, and end-user specialists. A new EO company should consider the Democratizing Pattern success factors and the Vertically Integrated Strategies (VIS), depending on its disruptive idea and resource capabilities. Further research is needed to identify new factors, strengthen the validity of the Pattern, and VIS tendencies.

This paper presents the results of the application of a residual energy evaluation approach to the oscillatory failure case (OFC) for the electrical flight control system benchmark. The proposed approach is based on calculating the variation of the residual energy and the comparison with a properly selected threshold. Such a criterion provides better performance for OFC detection than the residual energy evaluation. In the current problem of OFC detection, the residual energy criterion fails to work due to the nature of the considered uncertainties and proposed fault scenarios that lead to a strictly increasing energy value of the (low-pass ltered) residual signal. On the other hand, its derivative has an oscillatory behavior and does not grow unbounded.

Este texto es una compilación del trabajo de escritura realizado durante los cuatrosemestresde maestría. Las ideas aquí incluidas aparecieron gracias a algunos ejercicios de clase, y a conversaciones con Erika Montoya sobre asuntos significativos para la investigación: el primate, el androide, el humano, la astronáutica, etc.También aparecen consideraciones propias sobre el uso de los materiales y las formas, los referentes de imagen y texto, conceptos y decisiones que enmarcaron el trabajo plástico. Más que una justificación del trabajo de grado, se trata de una reflexión sobre la producción misma y su significado. Ubica la instalación como un accidente premeditado en un espacio-tiempo contemporáneo que también va al pasado y al futuro y a pesar de ser una ficción, el texto y la pieza se desbordan y tocan la realidad, afirmándo la como pertinente dentro del ámbito artístico. Abstract: This text is a compilation of writings made during four semesters of magister.The included ideas appeared thanks to some class exercises and talks with Erika Montoya about significant matters for the research: primates, androids, humans, astronautics, etc. Also appeared own considerations about materials and forms, image and text referents, concepts and decisions made that did framethe plastic work. More than justify the gradework, this text is a reflection about production itself, and the meaning of it. It place the installation as an premeditated accident, in a contemporary space-time that also goes to the past and into the future, and in spite of being a fiction, the text and the work of art overflows and touch reality, affirming it as pertinent in the artistic ambit. Maestría

Este texto es una compilación del trabajo de escritura realizado durante los cuatro semestres de maestría. Las ideas aquí incluidas aparecieron gracias a algunos ejercicios de clase, y a conversaciones con Erika Montoya sobre asuntos significativos para la investigación: el primate, el androide, el humano, la astronáutica, etc. También aparecen consideraciones propias sobre el uso de los materiales y las formas, los referentes de imagen y texto, conceptos y decisiones que enmarcaron el trabajo plástico. Más que una justificación del trabajo de grado, se trata de una reflexión sobre la producción misma y su significado. Ubica la instalación como un accidente premeditado en un espacio-tiempo contemporáneo que también va al pasado y al futuro, y a pesar de ser una ficción, el texto y la pieza se desbordan y tocan la realidad, afirmándola como pertinente dentro del ámbito artístico. Abstract: This text is a compilation of writings made during four semesters of magister. The included ideas appeared thanks to some class exercises and talks with Erika Montoya about significant matters for the research: primates, androids, humans, astronautics, etc. Also appeared own considerations about materials and forms, image and text referents, concepts and decisions made that did frame the plastic work. More than justify the grade work, this text is a reflection about production itself, and the meaning of it. It place the installation as an premeditated accident, in a contemporary space-time that also goes to the past and into the future, and in spite of being a fiction, the text and the work of art overflows and touch reality, affirming it as pertinent in the artistic ambit. Maestría

El cometido de este proyecto es el de realizar un diseño y cálculo preliminar de un módulo espacial que pueda ponerse en la órbita lunar de forma realista. Para ello se va a desarrollar el proyecto desde su concepción como idea general hasta su particularización en una estructura que cumpla con todo lo necesario para su viabilidad. El cálculo está realizado por el método de elementos finitos, mediante el programa Abaqus, y contribuyendo de forma iterativa al diseño propuesto. El diseño final da a entender que con las condiciones consideradas, tras haber realizado un extenso trabajo de documentación, el proyecto podría pasar la fase preliminar y ser estudiado con más detalle, estableciendo así un punto de partida orientativo para el desarrollo posterior de un proyecto de esta magnitud. Ingeniería en Tecnologías Industriales (Plan 2010)