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Amaç: Geleneksel tedaviye kombine edilentekrarlı amaca özgü egzersizi içeren iş uğraşı tedavisinin üst ekstremite motorve fonksiyonel gelişimi üzerine ek bir fayda sağlayıp sağlamadığınıaraştırmaktır.Gereç ve yöntem: Çalışma prospektif,randomize, tek kör kontrollü bir klinik çalışma olarak planlandı. Çalışmayahemiparezi gelişmiş olan 51 hasta dahil edildi. Hastalar iki gruba ayrılarak,1. gruba geleneksel rehabilitasyon (dört hafta boyunca haftada beş gün) ve işuğraşı tedavisi (dört hafta haftada beş gün, günde bir saat) , 2. grubayalnızca geleneksel rehabilitasyon uygulandı. Tüm hastalar tedavi öncesi ve bitimindedeğerlendirildi. Tedavi etkinliğini değerlendirmek için Vizüel Anolog Skalası(VAS), Brunnstrom evrelemesi, Modifiye Ashworth Skalası, Nine Hole Peg Testi(NHPT), Barthel İndeksi, Fugl Meyer Motor Fonksiyon Skalası üst ekstremitebölümü ve Nottingham Sağlık Profili (NHP) kaydedildi. Bulgular: Her iki grup arasında sonuçparametrelerinde istatistiksel anlamlı bir fark yok idi. Ancak grup 1’deBrunnstrom üst ekstremite evrelemesinde ve NHP duygusal reaksiyonlar altbölümünde elde edilen istatistiksel anlamlı gelişmeler grup 2’de görülmemiştir.Sonuç: Sonuçlarımız kombinasyontedavisinin belirgin lehine olmamakla birlikte, literatür ve çeşitli tedavikılavuzları göstermektedir ki tekrarlı amaca özgü egzersizleri içeren iş uğraşıtedavisi üst ekstremite inme rehabilitasyonunda tamamlayıcı bir yöntem olarakyer almalıdır. Bu konuda hala yanıtlanması gereken sorular olduğundan ileri çalışmalara ihtiyaç olduğukanısındayız., Introdoction:Thisstudy aimed to investigate whether combine application of conventional therapywith occupational therapy in the content of repetitive task specific trainingprovided additional benefits to motor and functional outcome of upper extremityin patients with stroke.Materialand Method: The study was designed as prospective, randomized,controlled, single blind clinical trial.51 inpatient who have had hemiparesisrelated cerebrovascular accident involved to study. Patients were assigned intotwo groups, conventional therapy (five days in a week, for four weeks) andoccupational therapy in the content of repetitive task specific training (anhour once in a day, five days in a week, for four weeks) were performed forgroup 1, only conventional therapy was performed for group 2. All patients wereevaluated before and after the treatment. To assess efficiency of treatmentVisual Analog Scale (VAS), Brunnstrom grades, Modified Ashworth Scale, NineHole Peg Test (NHPT), Barthel Index, Fugl Meyer Motor Assessment upperextremity component and Nottingham Health Profile (NHP) were performed. Results:Therewas not a significant statistical difference between two group’s outcomeparameters. But improvements statistical significant at Brunnstrom grade upperextemity and NHP emotional reactions in group 1 there was not seen in group 2.Despite our results are not supporting combined therapy clearly.Conclusion: Accordingto literature and treatment guidelines occupational therapy includingrepetitive task specific training is suggested in upper extremity strokerehabilitation as a complemantary procedure. Because of still there arequestions that have to be answered, we think further studies are required onthis issue.

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the role of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and mean platelet volume (MPV) as activation and inflammatory markers in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients with nephritis. Patients and methods: A total of 108 SLE patients (8 males, 100 females; mean age 35.3 +/- 10.2 years; range 16 to 64 years) including 78 patients with renal involvement (8 males, 70 females; mean age 33.9 +/- 10.6 years; range 16 to 64 years) (SLEn+ group) and 30 patients without renal involvement (30 females; mean age 39.1 +/- 8.2 years; range 22 to 55 years) (SLEn-group) were included in this retrospective study. All patients' clinical characteristics and laboratory data which include erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, white blood counts, neutrophil counts, lymphocyte counts, platelet counts, and MPV levels were obtained from medical records. The laboratory data at the highest proteinuria periods of the patients with renal involvement were recorded. Results: Mean MPV (SLEn+ = 9.1 +/- 2.2, SLEn-= 7.9 +/- 1.2, p= 0.001) and NLR (SLEn+ = 5.9 +/- 5.9, SLEn-= 2.6 +/- 2.5, p< 0.001) values were significantly higher in lupus nephritis group. Besides, a positive correlation between NLR and C-reactive protein was found in lupus nephritis group (r= 1.97, p= 0.045). Based on receiver operating characteristic curve with area under the curve of 0.76, cutoff NLR value of 1.93 had 83% sensitivity and 54% specificity [95% confidence interval, 0.66-0.85] in differentiating SLE patients with or without nephritis. Conclusion: Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and MPV may be discriminative for lupus nephritis. Also, NLR may be a predictor of lupus nephritis. Both MPV and NLR values may be affected by a great number of factors; therefore, further prospective studies are needed to evaluate the use of these parameters in SLE.

The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and features of low back pain (LBP) among stroke caregivers.Participants included 64 caregivers of stroke survivors in our inpatient clinic. Age, gender, body weight, FIMTM, and Brunnstrom Scale of patients and low back pain history, Short Form-36 (SF-36), Beck Depression Measure (BDM), and Oswestry Disability Scale (ODS) of caregivers were reported. Descriptive statistics, Spearman correlation, and Mann-Whitney U test were used.Fifty-three (82.8 %) of caregivers had LBP. Stroke survivors of caregivers with LBP (group 1) had significantly lower FIMTM scores when compared with stroke survivors of caregivers without LBP (group 2) (P.05). All SF-36 subscores and total score of group 1 except mental health were significantly lower than SF-36 scores of group 2.The lifetime, 12-month period, and point prevalence of LBP were 44.1%, 34.0%, and 19.7%, respectively, in our country. Caregivers had a higher frequency of LBP in this study. However it was a study with a small number of participants. There are many studies about stroke caregivers' depression and life quality. LBP should also be investigated.