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orientalis Schiner Atherigona orientalis Schiner, 1868: 295. Pont 1972: 24 [catalogue]; Peck 1996: 122 [mode of introduction]; Peck et al. 1998: 228 [introduced species]; Carvalho et al. 2005: 12 [catalogue]; Causton et al. 2006: 134 [introduced species]. Atherigona pulvinata (Grimshaw, 1901: 42). Aldrich 1921: 94 [record]. Distribution. Introduced. Cosmopolitan; Galápagos: Española, Floreana, Genovesa, Isabela, Marchena (ICCDRS), San Cristóbal (ICCDRS), Santa Cruz. Remarks. Larvae inhabit mostly decaying fruit and vegetables, but sometimes carrion (Pont 1986). Adults of this species were reared from wet, decaying Jasminocereus., Published as part of Sinclair, Bradley J., 2023, An annotated checklist of the Diptera of the Galápagos Archipelago (Ecuador), pp. 1-102 in Zootaxa 5283 (1) on page 70, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5283.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7912667, {"references":["Schiner, J. R. (1868) Diptera. In: Reise der ˆ sterreichischen Fregatte Novara um die Erde in den Jahren 1857, 1858, 1859 unter den Befehlen des Commodore B. von Wullerstorf-Urbair. Zoologischer Theil. Zweiter Band. 1. Abtheilung. B. K. Gerold's Dohn, Wien, vi + 388 pp.","Pont, A. C. (1972) Family Muscidae. In: Papavero, N. (Ed.), A Catalogue of the Diptera of the Americas, south of the United States. Vol. 97. Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de S \" o Paulo, 97, 1 - 111.","Peck, S. B. (1996) Origin and development of an insect fauna on a remote archipelago: The Galapagos Islands, Ecuador. In: Keast, A. & Miller, S. E. (Eds.), The origin and evolution of Pacific Island biotas, New Guinea to Eastern Polynesia: patterns and processes. Academic Publishing, Amsterdam, pp. 91 - 122.","Peck, S. B., Heraty, J., Landry, B. & Sinclair, B. J. (1998) Introduced insect fauna of an oceanic archipelago: the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador. American Entomologist, 44 (4), 218 - 237. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / ae / 44.4.218","Carvalho, C. J. B. de, Couri, M. S., Pont, A. C., Pamplona, D. & Lopes, S. M. (2005) A Catalogue of the Muscidae (Diptera) of the Neotropical Region. Zootaxa, 860 (1), 1 - 282. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 860.1.1","Causton, C. E., Peck, S. B., Sinclair, B. J., Roque-Albelo, L., Hodgson, C. J. & Landry, B. (2006) Alien insects: threats and implications for conservation of Galapagos Islands. Annals of Entomological Society of America, 99 (1), 121 - 143. https: // doi. org / 10.1603 / 0013 - 8746 (2006) 099 [0121: AITAIF] 2.0. CO; 2","Grimshaw, P. H. (1901) Part I. Diptera. Fauna Hawaiiensis, 3 (1), 1 - 77, pls. 1 - 3.","Aldrich, J. M. (1921) The anthomyiid genus Atherigona in America. Insecutor Inscitiae Menstruus, 9, 93 - 98.","Pont, A. C. (1986) Studies on Australian Muscidae (Diptera). VII. The genus Atherigona Rondani. Australian Journal of Zoology, Supplementary Series, 120, 1 - 90. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / AJZS 120"]}

Atherigona (s. str.) fililoba Deeming, 1979 Material examined BURKINA FASO • 2 ♂♂; Bobo Dioulasso, Farako Bâ; Jul.–Nov. 1989; J. Zongo leg.; fish meal bait in sorghum plot; NMWC. MALI • 1 ♂; Yanfolila; 19 Sep.–7 Oct. 1986; J. Durham leg.; NMWC. NIGERIA • 1 ♂; “M.W.” [Mid. West] State, Uhonmora; Nov. 1974; J.T. Medler leg.; NMWC. Remarks Described from Nigeria, Cameroun and Ivory Coast (Deeming 1979: 45). Distribution Burkina Faso, Cameroun, Ivory Coast, Mali, Nigeria., Published as part of Deeming, John C., 2022, Some Afrotropical species of Atherigona Rondani (Diptera: Muscidae) revisited and a new species described, pp. 121-144 in European Journal of Taxonomy 847 (1) on page 126, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.847.1987, http://zenodo.org/record/7387430, {"references":["Deeming J. C. 1979. New and little known species of Atherigona Rondani (Dipt., Muscidae) from Nigeria and Cameroun. Entomologist's Monthly Magazine [1978] 114: 31 - 51."]}

Atherigona (Acritochaeta) orientalis Schiner, 1868 Atherigona orientalis Schiner, 1868: 295. Coenosia excisa Thomson, 1869: 560. Ross Island. Atherigona trilineata Stein, 1900: 157. New Guinea. Acritochaeta pulvinata Grimshaw, 1901: 42. Hawaii. Atherigona magnipalpis Stein, 1906: 66. Cameroon. Described from the Nicobar Islands (Schiner 1868: 295) and widespread throughout the tropics of the World, this is the only species of its subgenus to have become established in the Americas. This species has a very varied larval biology, the larvae being predaceous but also probably ingesting the decaying organic matter in which they develop. In the case of the recent record of this species being reared from turtle eggs in Cyprus (McGowan et al. 2001) the larvae of other Diptera present might be the primary source of nutrition. The mislaid types of Atherigona magnipalpis Stein, 1906: 66, which is listed as a junior synonym of orientalis, are in the box of material discovered in the Smithsonian Institution and have been returned to MNB. These, a male and a female, are in very good condition, micropinned on card mounts on ‘continental’ pins and bear the following labels: Male 1) grey rectangular “N. Kamerun, Johann-Alberechtshöhe, L. Conradt S6, 17.6.96” machine-printed with date added. 2) red rectangular “ Type ” machine-printed. 3) grey rectangular “ Atherigona magnipalpis sp. n. ♂ ♀ Stein” in Stein’s handwriting. 4) white rectangular “ Atherigona excisa Thom. Det. J.R. Malloch ” in Malloch’s hand. Female 1) white rectangular “17/6.96” in red ink. 2) as 1 above for male, but without date. 3) as 2 above for male. Distribution Cyprus, pan-tropical, southern Nearctic., Published as part of Deeming, John C., 2022, Some Afrotropical species of Atherigona Rondani (Diptera: Muscidae) revisited and a new species described, pp. 121-144 in European Journal of Taxonomy 847 (1) on pages 140-141, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.847.1987, http://zenodo.org/record/7387430, {"references":["Schiner I. R. 1868. Diptera. In: Reise der o sterreichischen Fregatta Novara um die Erde in den Jahren 1857, 1858, 1859, unter den Befehlen des Commodore B. von Wullerstorf-Urbair. Zoologischer Theil 2, 1. Abtheilung B. Kaiserlich-Konigliche Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, Wien. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 1597","Thomson C. G. 1869. Diptera. Species novas descripsit C. G. Thomson. In: Kongliga svenska fregatten Eugenies resa omkring jorden under befal af C. A. Virgin, aren 1851 - 1853. 2 (Zoologi), [section] 1 (Insecta): 443 - 614. Norstedt, Stockholm. \" 1868 \". https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 2467","Stein P. 1900. Anthomyiden aus Neu-Guinea, gesammelt von Herrn L. Biro. Termeszetrajzi Fuzetek kiadja a Magyar nemzeti Muzeum 23: 129 - 159.","Grimshaw P. H. 1901. Fauna Hawaiiensis or the Zoology of the Sandwich (Hawaiian) Isles: being results of the explorations instituted by the Joint Committee appointed by the Royal Society of London for promoting natural knowledge and the British Association for the Advancement of Science and carried out with the assistance of those bodies and of the Trustees of the Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum at Honolulu [ed. D. Sharp.] Diptera. Fauna Hawaiiensis 3. Cambridge University Press.","Stein P. 1906. Die afrikanischen Anthomyiden des Konigl. Zoologischen Museums zu Berlin. Berliner entomologische Zeitschrift 51: 33 - 80. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 8338189 [accessed 18 Oct. 2022].","McGowan A., Broderick A. C., Deeming J., Godley B. J. & Hancock E. G. 2001. Dipteran infestation of loggerhead (Caretta caretta) and green (Chelonia mydas) sea turtle nests in northern Cyprus. Journal of Natural History 35: 573 - 581. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930151098233"]}

Atherigona (s. str.) humeralis (Wiedemann, 1830) Coenosia humeralis Wiedemann, 1830: 441. Atherigona ferruginea van Emden, 1940: 116. Sudan. Remarks Described (Wiedemann 1830: 441) from the Sudan as a species of Coenosia, much confusion has arisen in nomenclature between this and related species. The junior synonym Atherigona (s. str.) ferruginea was also described from the Sudan (van Emden 1940: 116). At present the synonymy of the two species that have appeared under this name is thus: 1) humeralis (Wiedemann) (Pont 1986, 1997) (Skidmore 1985, non Hennig 1964, nec auctt.), syn. ferruginea van Emden (Pont 1986). 2) bedfordi van Emden, syn. humeralis (Wiedemann) sensu Hennig 1964, et auctt., non Skidmore, 1985, nec Pont, 1986. Amongst the material discovered in the Smithsonian Institution is a specimen labelled as being the type of Coenosia humeralis. This specimen is an Atherigona and it is in quite good condition, but teneral, lacking both middle legs and having the one remaining hind leg heavily damaged. It is pinned onto a card mount on a ‘continental’ pin and bears the following labels: 1) blue rectangular “ Tete Peters” in copperplate of an unknown hand. 2) white rectangular “6618” [or possibly 8199] machine-printed. 3) red rectangular “ Type ” machine-printed. 4) blue rectangular “ humeralis Wied. Loew *” in copperplate as 1 above. 5) grey rectangular “ Atherigona varia Meig. ♂ ” in Stein’s handwriting [this is a simple misidentification, fortunately not introduced into the literature]. 6) white rectangular “Mus. Berol.” [this refers to Museo Regio Berolinensi, the Royal Museum of Berlin, of which Museo academico Berolinensi and Royal Prussian Museum are alternative names for the Museum für Naturkunde Berlin, formerly the Museum für Naturkunde der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin]. Wiedemann only described a single species of Muscidae under the specific name of humeralis, which is this species, and the types of it from Senckenberg Museum (Frankfurt am Main) have been clearly identified by Pont (1997: 98). Pont (1995) further gives much information on the collectors with whom Wiedemann cooperated and the nature of the collections upon which he worked and was able to identify the type with certainty. Clearly, this specimen is falsely labelled as being the type. Upon dissection it was found on the structure, colouration and chaetotaxy of the trifoliate process to be undoubtedly A. hyalinipennis van Emden, 1959. A further label has been added to the specimen to that effect and the abdomen pinned beneath the specimen in a van Doesburg vial of glycerine. Distribution The species is further known from the Canary Islands, Cape Verde Islands, Chad, Egypt, Ethiopia, the Gambia, Jordan, Libya, Madagascar, Nigeria, Oman, Rwanda, Palestine, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Uganda and United Arab Emirates., Published as part of Deeming, John C., 2022, Some Afrotropical species of Atherigona Rondani (Diptera: Muscidae) revisited and a new species described, pp. 121-144 in European Journal of Taxonomy 847 (1) on pages 126-127, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.847.1987, http://zenodo.org/record/7387430, {"references":["Wiedemann C. R. W. 1830. Aussereuropaische zweiflugelige Insekten [concl.]. Vol. 2. Schulzische Buchhandlung, Hamm. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 14603","Emden F. I. van. 1940. Muscidae: B. - Coenosiinae. In: British Museum (Natural History) Ruwenzori Expedition 1934 - 36 Vol. 2 (4): 91 - 255. London, British Museum (Natural History). Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 43295377 [accessed 17 Oct. 2022].","Pont A. C. 1986 Family Muscidae. In: Soos A. & Papp L. (eds) Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera. Volume 11. Scathophagidae - Hypodermatidae: 57 - 215. Akademiai Kiado, Budapest.","Pont A. C. 1997. The Muscidae and Fanniidae (Insecta, Diptera) described by C. R. W. Wiedemann. Steenstrupia 23: 87 - 122.","Skidmore P. 1985. The Biology of the Muscidae of the World. Series Entomologica 29. Springer, Dordrecht.","Hennig W. 1964. 63 b Muscidae. In: Lindner E. (ed.) Die Fliegen der palaarktischen Region 7 (2). E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung Erwin Nagele, Stuttgart."]}

Atherigona (s. str.) zongoi sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: F164A4E6-522D-4F57-9DA0-A06153A6AB78 Figs 4–7 Diagnosis This species is very similar to A. kenierobaensis Muller & Mostovski, 2018 from Mali, differing from it in having the occiput grey dusted throughout, the frontal plate with only a slight indication of shine between the upper three orbital setae, the fore leg yellow throughout, the fore tarsus with specialised chaetotaxy on anterior surface. The hypopygial prominence and trifoliate process of the two species show strong similarities to one another, but in A. zongoi sp. nov. the hypopygial prominence is deeper than wide, rather than wider than deep, the trifoliate process has only traces of infuscation and its median lobe, though bearing a very similar chaetotaxy, very strongly bent when viewed in profile rather than almost straight (Fig. 4b). In the most recent key to Nigerian Atherigona (Dike 1990) it would trace to A. africana Deeming, 1971 but that species has an entirely black trifoliate process, the median lobe of which bears only minute apical setae. The new species is also very similar to A. piscatoris Muller, 2015 in the shape of the hypopygial prominence, as well as in the shape of the median lobe when viewed laterally, but looks quite different when viewed ventrally, although the dark colour in Fig. 7a is an optical artefact. Etymology The species epithet refers to the collector’s name (J.O. Zongo) in whose honour the species is named. Material examined Holotype BURKINA FASO • ♂; Bobo Dioulasso, Farako Bâ; Aug. 1988; J.O. Zongo leg.; on fishmeal bait in sorghum field; NMWC. Paratypes BURKINA FASO • 8 ♂♂; same collection data as for holotype; NMWC • 3 ♂♂ (on same mount, 1 fragmented); same collection data as for holotype; Aug.–Oct. 1978; R.T. Gahuhar leg.; NMWC. GUINÉE [GUINEA] • 1 ♂; Nimba; Jul.–Dec. 51 [1951]; Lamotte and Roy leg.; MNHN. Description MEASUREMENTS. Body length, male 3.7 mm; wing, 2.3 mm. Male HEAD (Fig. 6a). Black, with black setae; frontal vitta black and with heavy grey dusting, which is less dense on superior orbits and becomes brownish on occiput; 2 long and 1 short inferior orbital seta; frontofacial angle 93°, parafacialia at this point broad and prominent, becoming as broad as base of arista at narrowest part, just above base of vibrissa; genal setae weak and short; antenna and palpus black, but basal half of arista brownish; setae on truncate apex of male palpus pale. THORAX (Fig. 5a–b). Scutum and scutellum dark in ground colour, grey dusted, former with an indication of a darker median vitta presuturally; postpronotal lobe yellow and pleura dirty yellow, but somewhat infuscate on parts of anepisternum, anepimeron and katepisternum, pleural dusting more yellow; anepisternum with a strong seta at the lower posterior corner and 2 shorter setae above it; katepisternum with 3 setae in an isosceles triangle; all setae and setulae black. WING. Hyaline with yellowish brown veins and anterior crossvein situated at 0.4 of length of discal cell; haltere creamy white. LEGS. Yellow, apical 3 segments of fore tarsus (Figs 4e, 6b) with a comb of curved setae anteriorly, longest seta over twice as long as tarsus is wide. ABDOMEN. Yellow and yellowish grey dusted; tergite 3 with a pair of long oval black spots occupying quite two thirds of its length; tergite 4 with a pair of short oval black spots on apical half; remaining tergites immaculate. POSTABDOMEN. Trifoliate process (Figs 4a–b, 7a–b) yellow, with apices of lobes becoming white, stem somewhat infuscate, as also is a line extending to the shoulders of the lateral lobes; the pair of long setae on apex of median lobe of trifoliate process pale. HYPOPYGIAL PROMINENCE (Fig. 4c–d). Female Unknown. Distribution Burkina Faso, Guinea., Published as part of Deeming, John C., 2022, Some Afrotropical species of Atherigona Rondani (Diptera: Muscidae) revisited and a new species described, pp. 121-144 in European Journal of Taxonomy 847 (1) on pages 134-140, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.847.1987, http://zenodo.org/record/7387430, {"references":["Muller B. S. & Mostovski M. B. 2018. A key to males of Atherigona s. str. (Diptera: Muscidae) from Mali, with new records and a new species for the country. Zootaxa 4425 (2): 342 - 356. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4425.2.9","Dike M. C. 1990. Key to males of Nigerian species of the shootfly genus Atherigona Rondani (Diptera: Muscidae). Samaru Journal of Agricultural Research 7: 97 - 124.","Deeming J. C. 1971. Some species of Atherigona Rondani (Diptera, Muscidae) from northern Nigeria, with special reference to those injurious to cereal crops. Bulletin of Entomological Research 61: 133 - 190. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0007485300057527","Muller B. S. 2015. Illustrated key and systematics of male South African Atherigona s. str. (Diptera: Muscidae). African Invertebrates 56 (3): 845 - 918. https: // doi. org / 10.5733 / afin. 056.0301"]}

Atherigona (s. str.) africana Deeming, 1971 Material examined BURKINA FASO • 2 ♂♂; Bobo Dioulasso, Farako Bâ; Jul.–Nov. 1989; J. Zongo leg.; fish meal bait in sorghum plot; NMWC. MALI • 1 ♂; Yanfolila; 19 Sep.–7 Oct. 1986; J. Durham leg.; NMWC. Remarks Described from both sexes and illustrated from the male. The species was collected in Nigeria (Deeming, 1971: 149–151, figs 24–25). Distribution Burkina Faso, Mali, Nigeria., Published as part of Deeming, John C., 2022, Some Afrotropical species of Atherigona Rondani (Diptera: Muscidae) revisited and a new species described, pp. 121-144 in European Journal of Taxonomy 847 (1) on page 123, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.847.1987, http://zenodo.org/record/7387430, {"references":["Deeming J. C. 1971. Some species of Atherigona Rondani (Diptera, Muscidae) from northern Nigeria, with special reference to those injurious to cereal crops. Bulletin of Entomological Research 61: 133 - 190. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0007485300057527"]}

Atherigona (s. str.) varia (Meigen, 1826) Fig. 3b–c Described into the genus Anthomyia Meigen, 1803 (Meigen 1826: 187), this species is found around the Mediterranean and in Europe north to southern England, France and Hungary. It is further recorded from U.A.E., Oman and China and is the type species of Atherigona. On 28 Aug.1996, I found an isolated deadheart shoot of an unidentified grass in mixed forest at Vallombrosa in the mountains of eastern Tuscany. From this a female Atherigona emerged in the laboratory, which on structure generally and especially that of the eighth tergite agrees with A. varia. The grass shoot was distinctive in having the ligule bearing long hairs and was kindly examined by Dr G. Hutchinson, NMWC, who believed it might be Danthonia decumbens (L.). To the best of my knowledge this species has never been reared, so a brief description of the puparium is given and the larval mandibular sclerite figured. Description MEASUREMENTS. Length 3.5 mm and 1.1 mm in greatest width. PUPARIUM. Yellowish brown, subshiny, with cephaloskeleton and posterior spiracles black, which latter are projecting to a distance equal to one half of their individual width and with their apical surfaces separated from one another by their individual width. Mandibular sclerite (Fig. 3b) robust, black, with no indication of a separate dorsal tooth-like projection. Anterior spiracle (Fig. 3c) a rosette of 7 digitations. Distribution Widespread in southern Europe, Middle East and China.

Atherigona (s. str.) nigrithorax Stein, 1906 Fig. 1c–d Described from a female from Togo (Stein 1906: 66) and not since reported. The holotype appears in the material discovered in the Smithsonian Institution and has been returned to MNB. The type is in good condition and mounted on a black steel pin with the following labels: 1) rectangular grey label “ Togo, Bismarckburg, 17-23.XII.92, L. Conradt S.” 2) rectangular red label “ Type ”. 3) rectangular white label “Mus. Berol.” 4) rectangular grey label “ Atherigona nigrithorax sp. n. Stein ♀ ”. The first three labels are machine-printed and the fourth is in the handwriting of Stein. Redescription MEASUREMENTS. Body length, female 4.0 mm; wing 3.0 mm. Female HEAD. Frontal vitta deep velvety black; frontal plate undusted from base of second inferior orbital seta to level of posterior ocellus; parafacialia, facialia and gena white dusted, this most strongly developed on frontofacial angle; occiput and ocellar prominence dark grey dusted, the postorbital strip paler grey; width of parafacialia at narrowest part equal to diameter of an ocellus; antenna black, somewhat brownish on extreme apex of pedicel and on arista; palpus black. THORAX. Scutum and scutellum black in ground colour and weakly grey dusted, the former without apparent darker dusted longitudinal vittae; postpronotal lobe infuscate dorsally; pleura ranging from yellow on propleuron to yellowish brown elsewhere, more heavily and yellowish dusted than scutum; propleuron with one long and one moderate and one fine seta; one moderate prostigmatical and a fine seta; lower katepisternal seta equidistant from the two upper setae (these lacking on both sides, but the scars of their attachment visible). WING. Hyaline with brown veins; anterior crossvein at 0.4 of length of discal cell. LEGS. All tarsi more or less infuscate; fore tibia black, but obscurely yellowish on basal one third of its length; fore femur somewhat infuscate on apical two fifths of its length and hind tibia somewhat infuscate on apical two thirds. ABDOMEN (Fig. 1d). Yellow with black markings and tergites very weakly yellowish dusted; 8 th tergite (Fig. 1c). The abdomen is contained in a van Doesburg vial of glycerine pinned under the specimen. Male Unknown. Remarks In the structure of the head and thorax this species is almost identical to A. bimaculata Stein, 1910 but the area of infuscation of the fore femur is much more restricted than in that species, the abdominal pattern is quite different and the eighth tergite has more heavily sclerotised basal lobes and their pair of separated sclerites triangular, rather than slug-shaped. Distribution Togo., Published as part of Deeming, John C., 2022, Some Afrotropical species of Atherigona Rondani (Diptera: Muscidae) revisited and a new species described, pp. 121-144 in European Journal of Taxonomy 847 (1) on pages 130-131, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.847.1987, http://zenodo.org/record/7387430, {"references":["Stein P. 1906. Die afrikanischen Anthomyiden des Konigl. Zoologischen Museums zu Berlin. Berliner entomologische Zeitschrift 51: 33 - 80. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 8338189 [accessed 18 Oct. 2022].","Stein P. 1910. The Percy Sladen Trust expedition to the Indian Ocean in 1905, under the leadership of Mr J. Stanley Gardiner. Vol. 3 no. IX. Diptera Anthomyidae, mit den Gattungen Rhinia und Idiella. Transactions of the Linnaean Society of London (2, Zoology) 14: 149 - 163. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1910. tb 00528. x"]}

Atherigona (s. str.) subnigripes (Karsch, 1888) Fig. 3a Described into the genus Cleigastra Macquart, 1835 and from Bondei in what is now Tanzania, this species is only known from the female holotype (Karsch 1888: 380). This type, previously recorded by me (Deeming 1971: 183) as being lost, appears in the material discovered in the Smithsonian Institution and has been returned to MNB. The specimen is mounted on a white steel 39 mm long ‘continental’ pin and is in good condition. It bears the following labels: 1) blue rectangular “Bondei, C.W. Schmidt, Jan. 86” machine-printed. 2) white rectangular “13848” machine-printed. 3) red rectangular “ Type ” machine-printed. 4) white rectangular “ Cleigastra subnigripes Karsch ” handwritten in an unknown hand. 5) grey rectangular “ Atherigona [illegible short word]” in Stein’s hand. Redescription MEASUREMENTS: Body length female 4.5 mm; wing 3.5 mm. Female HEAD. Black dorsally and on upper four fifths of occiput; yellow elsewhere, yellow parts whitish to yellow dusted, postorbital stripe pale grey dusted, occiput darker dusted, especially medially, where it is as dark as ocellar prominence; frontal plate undusted from level of posterior ocellus to base of the posterior of the two inferior orbital setae; frontal vitta black throughout; parafacialia at narrowest part as wide as two thirds of width of anterior ocellus; antenna dark brown, ferruginous on the basoventral angle of postpedicel; palpus yellow, slightly infuscate on basal one third of its length. THORAX. Scutum and scutellum black and very lightly yellowish dusted, the former with indications of three darker longitudinal vittae and becoming yellowish in ground colour on lateral declivities; pleura yellow in ground colour and heavily golden yellow dusted; one long and one moderate propleural seta and a fine setula; one moderate prostigmatical and a fine setula; lower katepisternal seta situated closer to the more posterior of the two upper setae. WING. Hyaline with yellowish veins; anterior crossvein situated at 0.38 of length of discal cell. LEGS. Yellow with tarsi more or less infuscate, fore femur black on apical two fifths, fore tibia black but obscurely yellowish at extreme base and hind tibia brown. ABDOMEN. Yellow, shining through weak yellowish dust; tergite 4 with a pair of round dark spots which are one quarter of the exposed length of the tergite and are separated from its apex by their own diameter; tergite 5 with a pair of long oval black spots occupying the apical half of its exposed length; tergite 8 (Fig. 7). The abdomen is contained in a van Doesburg vial of glycerine pinned under the specimen. Male Unknown. Remarks This species may well be conspecific with one known only from males. There are several African species whose females bear a superficial resemblance to this one, but none of those that I have been able to inspect has a similar structure to the eighth tergite. Distribution Tanzania., Published as part of Deeming, John C., 2022, Some Afrotropical species of Atherigona Rondani (Diptera: Muscidae) revisited and a new species described, pp. 121-144 in European Journal of Taxonomy 847 (1) on pages 132-133, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.847.1987, http://zenodo.org/record/7387430, {"references":["Karsch F. A. 1888. Bericht uber die durch Herrn Lieutenant Dr. Karl Wilhelm Schmidt in Ost-Afrika gesammelten und von der zoologischen Abtheilung des Koniglichen Museums fur Naturkunde in Berlin erworbenen Dipteren. Berliner entomologische Zeitschrift [1887] 31: 367 - 382. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / mmnd. 18880310225","Deeming J. C. 1971. Some species of Atherigona Rondani (Diptera, Muscidae) from northern Nigeria, with special reference to those injurious to cereal crops. Bulletin of Entomological Research 61: 133 - 190. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0007485300057527"]}

Atherigona (Acritochaeta) maculipennis Stein, 1910 Described from both sexes from the Seychelles (Stein 1910: 158), the types appear in the material discovered in the Smithsonian Institution. These, a male and female, are in excellent condition, are micropinned onto pith mounts on ‘continental’ pins and are identically labelled, thus: 1) white rectangular “ Seychelles [short illegible word]” handwritten. 2) red rectangular “ Type ” machine-printed. 3) white rectangular “ Atherigona maculipennis Type (Stein) det. Stein”, and with respective sex symbol. Remarks The diagnosis of this species as given by van Emden (1940: 105), correct in every other detail, cites the frontal vitta as being orange-red. This is certainly true of the female, but in the male it is much darker, being black and only slightly paler anteriorly. The palpus of the male, on its apical one third, bears an area of erect wavy fine pale hairs on its ventral surface. Distribution Seychelles., Published as part of Deeming, John C., 2022, Some Afrotropical species of Atherigona Rondani (Diptera: Muscidae) revisited and a new species described, pp. 121-144 in European Journal of Taxonomy 847 (1) on page 140, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.847.1987, http://zenodo.org/record/7387430, {"references":["Stein P. 1910. The Percy Sladen Trust expedition to the Indian Ocean in 1905, under the leadership of Mr J. Stanley Gardiner. Vol. 3 no. IX. Diptera Anthomyidae, mit den Gattungen Rhinia und Idiella. Transactions of the Linnaean Society of London (2, Zoology) 14: 149 - 163. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1910. tb 00528. x","Emden F. I. van. 1940. Muscidae: B. - Coenosiinae. In: British Museum (Natural History) Ruwenzori Expedition 1934 - 36 Vol. 2 (4): 91 - 255. London, British Museum (Natural History). Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 43295377 [accessed 17 Oct. 2022]."]}

Atherigona (s. str.) falcata (Thomson, 1869) Coenosia falcata Thomson, 1869: 560. China (Hong Kong). Atherigona nudiseta Malloch, 1923: 186. India. Atherigona nudiseta ssp. megaloba Fan, 1965: 69. China. Material examined ETHIOPIA • 2 ♂♂; Oromo Prov., Debre Zeit; 1800 m a.s.l.; 23 Feb. 2005; M.R. Wilson leg.; Malaise trap in Pennisetum purpureum Schumach.; NMWC. NAMIBIA • 1 ♂; West Caprivi Park, Kwando River Susuwe; 17°45ʹ37″ S, 23°20ʹ55″ E; 28 Sep.–2 Oct. 1998; A.H. Kirk-Spriggs leg.; Malaise trap, dry woodland; NMNW • 4 ♂♂; Katima Mulilo Distr., Salambala pan; 17°50ʹ00″ S, 24°35ʹ58″ E; 23–27 Dec. 2002; A.H. and M.K. Kirk-Spriggs leg.; Malaise trap; NMNW • 1 ♂, 3 ♀♀; Caprivi Park, Kwando Meander, Kwando River; 17°50ʹ49″ S, 3°18ʹ53″ E; 5 Dec. 1999; D.J. Mann leg.; swept from floating vegetation, mainly grasses; OUMNH • 3 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀; same collection data as for preceding; NMWC. Remarks Described into the genus Coenosia Meigen, 1826 (Thomson 1869: 560), this species has a wide oriental and australasian distribution. A single male was recorded (Deeming 1975: 2) from Ongeama, Namibia. Pont & Magpayo (1995: 43–44) list 22 known hostplants. The puparium is described by Skidmore (1985: 305, fig. 92g –i). Distribution Ethiopia, Namibia, South Africa and widespread Oriental and Australasian Regions., Published as part of Deeming, John C., 2022, Some Afrotropical species of Atherigona Rondani (Diptera: Muscidae) revisited and a new species described, pp. 121-144 in European Journal of Taxonomy 847 (1) on page 126, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.847.1987, http://zenodo.org/record/7387430, {"references":["Thomson C. G. 1869. Diptera. Species novas descripsit C. G. Thomson. In: Kongliga svenska fregatten Eugenies resa omkring jorden under befal af C. A. Virgin, aren 1851 - 1853. 2 (Zoologi), [section] 1 (Insecta): 443 - 614. Norstedt, Stockholm. \" 1868 \". https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 2467","Malloch J. R. 1923. Exotic Muscaridae (Diptera). 10. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (9) 12: 177 - 194. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222932308632934","Fan Z. - d. 1965. Key to Species of Common Synanthropic Flies in China. Peking.","Meigen J. W. 1826. Systematische Beschreibung der bekannten europaischen zweiflugeligen Insekten. Vol. 5. Verlag der Schultz- Wundermann'schen Buchhandlung, Hamm. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12464","Deeming J. C. 1975. Some species of Atherigona (Diptera, Muscidae) collected by Prof. E. Lindner in Africa. Stuttgarter Beitrage zur Naturkunde. Serie A (Biologie) 279: 1 - 4.","Pont A. C. & Magpayo F. R. 1995. Muscid shoot-flies of the Philippine Islands (Diptera: Muscidae, genus Atherigona Rondani). Bulletin of Entomological Research Supplement Series Supplement 3: 1 - 121. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 1367426900000321","Skidmore P. 1985. The Biology of the Muscidae of the World. Series Entomologica 29. Springer, Dordrecht."]}

Atherigona (s. str.) tetrastigma Paterson, 1956 Material examined ETHIOPIA • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Alemaya; 29 Jul. 1993; S. Gudeta leg.; NMWC • 1 ♂; Debre Zeit; 28–30 Sep. 2005; M.R. Wilson leg.; Malaise trap; NMWC. KENYA • 1 ♂ (very teneral, with incomplete puparium); Nairobi; emerged 14 Dec. 1981; A. Delobel leg.; from shoot of Cynodon nlemfuensis Vanderyst; NMWC. Remarks Described from both sexes from Tanzania (Paterson 1956: 169). Distribution D.R. Congo, Ethiopia, Kenya, South Africa, Tanzania., Published as part of Deeming, John C., 2022, Some Afrotropical species of Atherigona Rondani (Diptera: Muscidae) revisited and a new species described, pp. 121-144 in European Journal of Taxonomy 847 (1) on page 134, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.847.1987, http://zenodo.org/record/7387430, {"references":["Paterson H. E. 1956. East-African Muscidae (Diptera). (Ergebnisse der Deutschen Zoologischen Ostafrica-Expedition 1951 / 1952, Gruppe Lindner, Stuttgart, Nr. 20). Beitrage zur Entomologie 6: 154 - 179."]}

Atherigona (s. str.) medleri Deeming, 1979 Material examined BURKINA FASO • 1 ♂; Matourkou; Jul.–Aug. 1987; J. Zongo leg.; on sorghum shoot; NMWC. “R.P.” [Democratic Republic] CONGO • 1 ♂ (both fore legs missing); Matane, Boko, Songo; 19 May 1984; A. Delobel leg.; NMWC. UGANDA • 1 ♂; Serere; 24 Oct. 1972; J.L. Overman leg.; NMWC. Remarks Described only from the male sex from Nigeria (Deeming 1979: 50). The Congo male is unusual in having the median lobe of the trifoliate process shorter and tergite 7 immaculate. Distribution Burkina Faso, D.R. Congo, Nigeria, Uganda., Published as part of Deeming, John C., 2022, Some Afrotropical species of Atherigona Rondani (Diptera: Muscidae) revisited and a new species described, pp. 121-144 in European Journal of Taxonomy 847 (1) on page 130, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.847.1987, http://zenodo.org/record/7387430, {"references":["Deeming J. C. 1979. New and little known species of Atherigona Rondani (Dipt., Muscidae) from Nigeria and Cameroun. Entomologist's Monthly Magazine [1978] 114: 31 - 51."]}

Genus Atherigona Rondani, 1856 Type species Anthomyia varia Meigen, 1826., Published as part of Deeming, John C., 2022, Some Afrotropical species of Atherigona Rondani (Diptera: Muscidae) revisited and a new species described, pp. 121-144 in European Journal of Taxonomy 847 (1) on page 123, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.847.1987, http://zenodo.org/record/7387430, {"references":["Meigen J. W. 1826. Systematische Beschreibung der bekannten europaischen zweiflugeligen Insekten. Vol. 5. Verlag der Schultz- Wundermann'schen Buchhandlung, Hamm. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12464"]}

Atherigona (s. str.) angustiloba van Emden, 1956 Material examined ETHIOPIA • 2 ♂♂; Alemaya; Sep. 1992; S. Gudeta leg.; NMWC. GUINEA • 1 ♂; Nimba; Jul.–Dec. 1951; Lamotte and Roy leg.; NMWC. SOUTH AFRICA • 1 ♂; E of Cape Province, Hogsback N of Alice; 2–3 Nov. 1964; B. and P. Stuckenberg leg.; NMSA • 1 ♂; Natal, Richmond; 22 Nov.1973; F. Zumpt leg.; NMWC. Remarks Described (van Emden 1956: 521) from Burundi and further recorded from South Africa (Muller 2015: 859). The Ethiopian material is unusual in that the fore tibia is yellow throughout its length rather than being infuscated on its apical half. Distribution Burundi, Ethiopia, Guinea, South Africa., Published as part of Deeming, John C., 2022, Some Afrotropical species of Atherigona Rondani (Diptera: Muscidae) revisited and a new species described, pp. 121-144 in European Journal of Taxonomy 847 (1) on page 123, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.847.1987, http://zenodo.org/record/7387430, {"references":["Emden F. I. van 1956. Contributions a l'etude de la faune entomologique du Ruanda-Urundi (Mission P. Basilewsky 1953) CVIII. Diptera Muscidae. Annales du Musee royal du Congo belge, Serie 8 (Zoologie) 51: 506 - 531.","Muller B. S. 2015. Illustrated key and systematics of male South African Atherigona s. str. (Diptera: Muscidae). African Invertebrates 56 (3): 845 - 918. https: // doi. org / 10.5733 / afin. 056.0301"]}

Atherigona (s. str.) parviclivis Muller, 2015 Fig. 2 Material examined BOTSWANA • 5 ♂♂; Goodhope; 28 Feb. 1990; J.M. Mashonja leg.; NMWC. Remarks Described (Muller 2015: 891) from males from South Africa with illustrations of the hypopygial prominence and trifoliate process of the holotype (Muller 2015: 910, fig. 3a–d). In the Botswanan material listed here, the hypopygial prominence in dorsal view is much more weakly developed. Distribution Botswana, South Africa., Published as part of Deeming, John C., 2022, Some Afrotropical species of Atherigona Rondani (Diptera: Muscidae) revisited and a new species described, pp. 121-144 in European Journal of Taxonomy 847 (1) on pages 131-132, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.847.1987, http://zenodo.org/record/7387430, {"references":["Muller B. S. 2015. Illustrated key and systematics of male South African Atherigona s. str. (Diptera: Muscidae). African Invertebrates 56 (3): 845 - 918. https: // doi. org / 10.5733 / afin. 056.0301"]}

Atherigona (s. str.) contrastiloba Deeming, 1987 Fig. 1b Material examined MADAGASCAR • 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀; Toliara (Tulear) Distr., Betioky, Beamalo; 24°08ʹ S, 45°15ʹ E; 21 Feb. 1993; C.C.D. Tingle leg.; NMWC • 6 ♂♂, 8 ♀♀; same collection data as for preceding; 14 Feb. 1993; NMWC. Remarks Described from the male sex from Madagascar (Deeming 1987: 23) and additional material (males only) also from several localities in Madagascar was reported by Deeming (2019). Female: apart from sexual differences differing from the male in the following respects: all tarsi more or less infuscate; fore femur black on all but basal one fifth of its length and on extreme apex; fore tibia black on all but basal one fifth of its length; tergite 1+2 with a dark median vitta, which is connected to a broad transverse band occupying two thirds of the width of dorsum of tergite 2 and its apical half; tergite 3 with an equally broad trapezoid dark marking having rounded shoulders, which is wider at apex than at base and occupies the entire exposed length of the tergite (in some specimens this marking divided by a pair of longitudinal yellow vittae, but whether divided or not a pair of grey dusted vittae giving it the appearance of being so); tergite 4 with a little narrower but similar marking to that of tergite 3, but this always divided by yellow vittae into a dark median vitta bounded on either side by a triangular spot; tergite 5 with a dark median vitta on basal half and a pair of oblong dark spots level with its apex; tergite 8 (Fig. 1b). Distribution Madagascar., Published as part of Deeming, John C., 2022, Some Afrotropical species of Atherigona Rondani (Diptera: Muscidae) revisited and a new species described, pp. 121-144 in European Journal of Taxonomy 847 (1) on page 124, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.847.1987, http://zenodo.org/record/7387430, {"references":["Deeming J. C. 1987. Some new and little known species of Atherigona Rondani (Diptera: Muscidae) from the Malgasian subregion. Entomologist's Monthly Magazine 123: 1 - 25.","Deeming J. C. 2019. Atherigonini (Diptera: Muscidae) from Madagascar. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences Series 4, 66 (4): 87 - 98."]}

Atherigona (s. str.) bifida Deeming, 1971 Fig. 1a Material examined GUINEA • 5 ♂♂, 12 ♀♀; Nimba, “Fôrét du Zié” [Zié Forest]; 1500 m a.s.l.; 6 Jan. 1984; C. Girard leg.; MNHN • 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for preceding; NMWC. Remarks Described from a single male from the Mambilla Plateau, Nigeria (Deeming 1971: 173). Female: apart from sexual characters differing from the male in the following respects: palpus black; scutellum black throughout; pleura black in ground colour with exception of propleuron and anterior one third of anepisternum; all tarsi infuscate; fore femur black on all but extreme base and apex; fore tibia black on apical two thirds of its length; a pair of brownish black spots on tergites 4 and 5, those on 4 longer and more triangular in shape, those on 5 oblong; tergite 8 (Fig. 1a). Distribution Guinea, Nigeria., Published as part of Deeming, John C., 2022, Some Afrotropical species of Atherigona Rondani (Diptera: Muscidae) revisited and a new species described, pp. 121-144 in European Journal of Taxonomy 847 (1) on page 124, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.847.1987, http://zenodo.org/record/7387430, {"references":["Deeming J. C. 1971. Some species of Atherigona Rondani (Diptera, Muscidae) from northern Nigeria, with special reference to those injurious to cereal crops. Bulletin of Entomological Research 61: 133 - 190. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0007485300057527"]}

Atherigona (s. str.) laevigata (Loew, 1852) Coenosia laevigata Loew, 1852: 660. Atherigona scutellaris Stein in Becker, 1903: 110. Egypt. Atherigona laeta – authors nec Wiedemann (misidentifications). Described as a species of Coenosia from Mozambique (Loew 1852: 660), this species ranges from Cape Province to Egypt and Yemen and from Nigeria to the Seychelles, Comoros and Madagascar. The holotype female is amongst the material recently discovered in the Smithsonian Institution. It is in poor condition, lacking both wings and having only one mid and one hind leg complete. Nevertheless, the frontal vitta can be seen to be yellow on anterior half, becoming abruptly black, and the palpus yellow. These characters, along with the tergal markings, leave one in no doubt that the concept of authors of this species is correct. The specimen is mounted on a ‘continental’ (39 mm long) pin and bears the following labels: 1) blue long rectangular “Inhamb. Pet.” in a copperplate hand. 2) red rectangular “ Type ” machine-printed. 3) as (1) above “ laevigata Loew ”. 4) grey rectangular “ Atherigona laevigata Lw. ” in Stein’s handwriting. This specimen is accompanied by a ♂ micropinned on pith on a black ‘continental’ pin and bearing the following labels, all of which are white rectangular: 1) “Africa or., Katona 904” machine-printed. 2) “Mto-ja-Kifaru” machine-printed. 3) “ Atherigona laeta (Wied.) ♂ det. Stein” [a misidentification, laeta being an oriental species with a superficial resemblance to laevigata]. 4) “ Atherigona laevigata Lw. det. J.R. Malloch”. This specimen undoubtedly originates from the Hungarian National Museum, where the East African collection of K. Katona is deposited (Horn & Kahle 1935: 131). Material examined CYPRUS • 1 ♀; Kyrenia, SE of New Harbour; 550 m a.s.l.; 23 Oct. 1995; C.E. Dyte leg.; plants near stream; NMWC. ISRAEL • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Jordan Valley, N of Tiberias; 27 Apr. 1984; K.A. Spencer leg.; det. A.C. Pont; NMWC. KENYA • 2 ♂♂; Rift Valley, Ol Arabe Gorge; 18 Nov. 1988; R.K. Butlin leg.; NMWC • 5 ♂♂, 6 ♀♀; Kasarani; 10–11 Aug. 1989; J.W. Ismay leg.; swept, savannah; NMWC • 1 ♂; Limuru P.O.; 12 Apr. 1983; K.A. Spencer leg.; NMWC. MAURITIUS • 1 ♂, 3 ♀♀; 1–2 km S of Wolmar; 21 May 2000; coast roadside; J.W. Ismay leg.; NMWC. NAMIBIA • 2 ♂♂; Noachabeb, 27 miles NNE of Grunau; 10–12 Jan. 1972; BMSAE expedition; NHMUK • 1 ♀; Skeleton Coast, Kunene Mouth; 17°16ʹ S, 11°47ʹ E; 20–22 Apr. 1994; E. Marais leg.; NMNW • 2 ♀♀; Rundu Distr., Rundu, Kavango Lodge; 17°54ʹ43ʺ S, 19°45ʹ33ʺ E; 27–29 Mar. 2003; A.H. Kirk-Spriggs and W. Mey leg.; light trap; NMNW • 1 ♀; Opuwa Distr., Ekuju village, Kunene River; 17°19ʹ30ʺ S, 13°48ʹ56ʺ E; 11–12 Oct. 1999; Kirk-Spriggs leg.; Malaise trap in riverine forest; NMNW. DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO • 6 specs (with puparia unassociated with individual specimens); P.K. 45, “route du Nord, Ferme laitiere” [North road, dairy farm]; 28 Nov. 1985; A. Delobel leg.; reared from Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.; NMWC. UGANDA • 2 ♀♀; Kawanda; 30 Sep. 1962; J. Bowden leg.; NMWC. UNITED ARAB EMIRATES • 1 ♀; Al-Ajban; 26 Mar.–4 Apr. 2006; A. van Harten leg.; Malaise trap; NMWC. YEMEN • 1 ♂; Medina Al Shirq; 20 Feb. 1991; A. van Harten, H. Mahdi and M. Mahyoub leg.; NMWC • 3 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; Ta’izz; 5 Jan.–2 Feb. 1998; A. van Harten and M. Mahyoub leg.; light trap; NMWC • 5 ♀♀; Ta’izz; Nov.–Dec. 1999; A. van Harten and A. Awad leg.; light trap; NMWC • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Sana’a; Jan. 1991; A. van Harten leg; NMWC • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding: Mar. 1991; NMWC • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; Mar. 1992; NMWC • 6 ♂♂, same collection data as for preceding; Apr. 1992; NMWC. Remarks Females of the Kasarani material show a tendency to large size, being 5–5.4 mm in length, as against 3 mm in males, have the scutum and tergites more extensively darkened and a more accentuated frontofacial angle, whereas the material from Yemen is diminutive, being hardly more than half the length of the largest Kasarani female, is extensively pale and has a frontofacial angle of little less than a right angle. The Kawanda females resemble those from Kasarani. It is apparent that large species of this genus tend towards a more acute frontofacial angle (see Skidmore’s 1985: 301, fig. 89g, figure of the head in profile of A. mitrata Séguy, 1955), and it would appear that large individuals of A. laevigata do the same. The darker colouration of the Kasarani material points to melanism associated with lower temperatures at high altitude. Extreme variation in colour pattern of Kenyan female material was figured (Clearwater 1981: 309, figs 9, 10a–d.) Distribution Angola, Comoros, Cyprus, D.R. Congo, Egypt, Ethiopia, Jordan, Kenya, Madagascar, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, ‘Palestine’, Rwanda, Seychelles, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe., Published as part of Deeming, John C., 2022, Some Afrotropical species of Atherigona Rondani (Diptera: Muscidae) revisited and a new species described, pp. 121-144 in European Journal of Taxonomy 847 (1) on pages 127-129, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.847.1987, http://zenodo.org/record/7387430, {"references":["Loew H. 1852. [Hr. Peters legte Diagnosen und Abbildungen der von ihm in Mossambique neu entdeckten Dipteren vor, welche von Hrn. Professor Loew bearbeitet worden sind.] Bericht uber die zur Bekanntmachung geeigneten Verhandlungen der Koniglichen Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaft zu Berlin 1852: 658 - 661.","Becker T. 1903 Aegyptische Dipteren (Fortsetzung und Schluss). Mitteilungen aus der zoologischen Museum in Berlin 2: 67 - 195.","Horn W. & Kahle I. 1935. Uber entomologische Sammlungen, Entomologen & Ento-Museologie 2. Berlin-Dahlem.","Skidmore P. 1985. The Biology of the Muscidae of the World. Series Entomologica 29. Springer, Dordrecht.","Clearwater J. R. 1981. Practical identification of the females of five species of Atherigona Rondani (Diptera, Muscidae) in Kenya. Tropical Pest Management 27 (3): 303 - 312. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 09670878109413799"]}

Atherigona soccata Rondani, 1871 ORIGINAL DESCRIPTION: 1871a: 332. TYPE LOCALITY: “ in Etruria [Etruria (= Tuscany, Italy)]”. TYPE MATERIAL: 1 ♀, syntype (missing fore- and left mid-legs) (MZUF: Box 24): Atherigona Rndn. / soccata Rnd., ♀, Etruria / 1273. CURRENT STATUS: valid species (Pont 1986b: 114, Gorodkov et al. 1995: 12). REMARKS: Rondani (1871a: 332) described Atherigona soccata from just the female sex, without specifying either the number or the length of the specimens: “ Semel foeminam legit in Etruria D. Piccioli [the female once collected in Etruria by D. Piccioli]”. We found one syntype in this study., Published as part of Sforzi, Alessandra & Sommaggio, Daniele, 2021, Catalog of the Diptera types described by Camillo Rondani, pp. 1-438 in Zootaxa 4989 (1) on page 141, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4989.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4980621, {"references":["Pont, A. C. (1986 b) Family Muscidae. In: Soos, A. & Papp, L. (Eds.), Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera. Volume 11. Scathophagidae - Hypodermatidae. Elsevier Science Publishers, Amsterdam & Akademiai Kiado, Budapest, pp. 57 - 215.","Gorodkov, K., Pont, A. C. & Rozkosny, R. (1995) Diptera Muscoidea. In: Minelli, A., Ruffo, S. & La Posta, S. (Eds.), Checklist delle specie della fauna italiana. 77. Calderini, Bologna, pp. 1 - 18.","Rondani, C. (1871 a) Diptera italica non vel minus cognita descripta aut annotata. Fasc. IV. Addenda Anthomynis Prodr. Vol. VI. Bullettino della Societa Entomologica Italiana, 2 (4) [1870], 317 - 338."]}

Atherigona (Acritochaeta) orientalis Schiner, 1868 (Fig. 43) Atherigona orientalis Schiner, 1868: 295. Atherigona excisa (Thomson) is an often cited synonym. Specimens examined. 1m, Asir, Keratha, Al-Ethrebany Fruit Farm, 1–20.xi.2013, Malaise trap, H.A. Dawah (CERS). Distribution. This species was previously recorded from Saudi Arabia by Beccari (1971). This species is tropically and subtropically cosmopolitan. It was described from the Nicobar Islands. In Arabian Peninsula it is known from Oman and Yemen (Pont 1991). Biological remarks. Developing in a variety of substrates, from rotting fruit to dung, the larvae are active predators upon those of other flies and other soft-bodied insects., Published as part of Dawah, Hassan A., Abdullah, Mohammed A. & Deeming, John C., 2020, The Muscidae (Diptera) of Saudi Arabia, descriptions of two new species, new records and updated list of species, pp. 1-54 in Zootaxa 4869 (1) on pages 30-31, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4869.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4418246, {"references":["Schiner, I. R. (1868) Diptera. In: Reise der osterreichischen Fregatte Novara um die Erde in den Jahren 1857, 1858, 1859, unter den Befehlen des Commodore B. von Wullerstorf-Urbait, Zoologischer Theil 2. 1 (B). Kaiserlich-K, Wien, VI + 388 pp.","Beccari, F. (1971) Contribuo alla conoscenza dell' Entomofauna dell' Arabia Saudita. Primo elenco di insetti, acari e nematodi (Part). Rivista di Agricoltura Subtropicale e Tropicale, 65, 178 - 211.","Pont, A. C. (1991) A review of the Fanniidae and Muscidae (Diptera) of the Arabian Peninsula. Fauna of Saudi Arabia, 12, 312 - 265."]}

Atherigona (Atherigona) varia (Meigen, 1826) (Fig. 40) Anthomyia varia Meigen, 1826: 187. Specimens examined. 1m, Jazan, Sabya, Basahy Farm, 4–25.iii.2014, Malaise trap, H.A. Dawah (NMWC); 1m, Al-Hassa, 23.vi.2008, sweeping (palm grove), K. Al-Hudaib (NMWC). Distribution. New to Saudi Arabia. This species was described without type-locality being specified. In the Middle East it is known from Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Syria, Turkey and United Arab Emirates (Pont et al. 2005). Biological remarks. Biology unknown. Like other species of the subgenus Atherigona, its larvae develop in the shoots of grasses and cereals (Deeming 2008)., Published as part of Dawah, Hassan A., Abdullah, Mohammed A. & Deeming, John C., 2020, The Muscidae (Diptera) of Saudi Arabia, descriptions of two new species, new records and updated list of species, pp. 1-54 in Zootaxa 4869 (1) on page 28, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4869.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4418246, {"references":["Meigen, J. W. (1826) Systematische Beschreibung der bekannten europaischen zwei-flugeligen Insekten. 5. Schultz, Hamm, 412 pp.","Pont, A. C., Werner, D. & Kachvoryan, E. A. (2005) A preliminary list of the Fannidae and Muscidae (Diptera) of Armenia. Zoology in the Middle East, 36 (1), 73 - 86. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 09397140.2005.10638130","Deeming, J. C. (2008) Order Diptera, family Muscidae. In: van Harten, A. (Ed.), Arthropod Fauna of the United Arab Emirates. Vol. 1. Dar Al-Ummah Printing, Publishing, Distribution & Advertising, Abu Dhabi, pp. 714 - 723."]}

Atherigona (Atherigona) conigera van Emden, 1940 (Fig. 28) Atherigona (Atherigona) conigera van Emden, 1940: 118. Specimens examined. 2m, Asir, Al-Souda, Bani Mazen, 19.vi.–9.vii.2013, Malaise trap, H. A. Dawah (CERS); 2m, Asir, Abha, Hay Al-Nusub, 6–27.vii.2013, Malaise trap, H. A. Dawah (CERS); 1m, Asir, Abha, Hay Al-Menhel, 1–19.ii.2014, Malaise trap, H. A. Dawah (NMWC; CERS); 3m, 2f, Asir, Abha, Madenate Al-Ameer Sultan, Hay Al-Sad, 25.ii.–25.v.2002, Malaise trap, H. A. Dawah (NMWC). Distribution. This species was previously recorded from Saudi Arabia by Dawah & Abdullah (2009); El-Hawagry et al. (2017). It was described from Kenya, Uganda and Yemen. No other material is known from the Arabian Peninsula (Pont 1991). Biological remarks. Reared from Cynodon nlemfuensis Vanderyst in Kenya and Pennisetum purpureum Schumach in Ethiopia., Published as part of Dawah, Hassan A., Abdullah, Mohammed A. & Deeming, John C., 2020, The Muscidae (Diptera) of Saudi Arabia, descriptions of two new species, new records and updated list of species, pp. 1-54 in Zootaxa 4869 (1) on pages 22-23, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4869.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4418246, {"references":["van Emden, F. I. (1940) s. n. In: Muscidae: B, Coenosiinae. Ruwenzori Expedition 1934 - 1935. Vol. II (4). British Museum (Natural History), London, pp. 91 - 255.","Dawah, H. A. & Abdullah, M. A. (2009) The Muscidae (Diptera: Brachycera: Muscomorpha) of south-western Saudi Arabia. Fauna of Arabia, 24, 373 - 396.","El-Hawagry, M. S., Abdel-Dayem, M. S., El-Sonbati & Al Dhafer, H. M. (2017) A preliminary account of the fly fauna in Gard Raydah Nature Reserve, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, with new records and biogeographical remarks (Diptera: Insecta). Journal of Natural History, 51 (25 - 26), 1499 - 1530. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222933.2017.1347299","Pont, A. C. (1991) A review of the Fanniidae and Muscidae (Diptera) of the Arabian Peninsula. Fauna of Saudi Arabia, 12, 312 - 265."]}

Atherigona (Atherigona) theodori Hennig, 1963 (Fig. 39) Atherigona (Atherigona) theodori Hennig, 1963: 2 as a variety of laevigata Loew. Specimens examined. 1m, Jazan, Abu Aresh, Al-Mahdag Village, 1.ii.–3.iv.2011, Malaise trap, H.A. Dawah (NMWC); 1f, Najran, Al-Shurfa, Saleh Maqbol Farm, 17.ix.2014, Malaise trap, H.A. Dawah (CERS); 2m, Asir, Abha, Madenate Al-Ameer Sultan, Hay Al-Sad, 25.ii.–25.v.2002, Malaise trap, H.A. Dawah (NMWC); 1f, Asir, Maraba, Al-Hudaithy Fruit Farm, 1–30.v.2004, Malaise trap, H.A. Dawah (NMWC); 2m, 3f, Asir, Keratha, Al-Ethrebany Fruit Farm, 15.v.–11.vi.2006, Malaise trap, H.A. Dawah (NMWC; CERS); 8m, 47f, Al-Dawaseer, Al-Joba village, 1.iii.–30.iv.2005, Malaise trap, H.A. Dawah and M.A. Abdullah (NMWC; CERS). Distribution. This species was previously recorded from Saudi Arabia by Pont (1991); Dawah & Abdullah 2009). It was described from Egypt. In the Middle East it it has been recorded from Egypt, Palestine, Oman, and Yemen (Pont 1991; Deeming 2000; 2008). Taxonomic remarks. A. (Atherigona) theodori is very closely related to A. (Atherigona) laevigata but the former flourishes in drier conditions while the latter prefers damp situations (Deemimg 2000: 286)., Published as part of Dawah, Hassan A., Abdullah, Mohammed A. & Deeming, John C., 2020, The Muscidae (Diptera) of Saudi Arabia, descriptions of two new species, new records and updated list of species, pp. 1-54 in Zootaxa 4869 (1) on page 28, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4869.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4418246, {"references":["Hennig, W. (1963) Zwei neue palaarktische Arten aus der Familie Muscidae (Diptera). Stuttgarter Beitrage zur Naturkunde, 101, 1 - 3.","Pont, A. C. (1991) A review of the Fanniidae and Muscidae (Diptera) of the Arabian Peninsula. Fauna of Saudi Arabia, 12, 312 - 265.","Dawah, H. A. & Abdullah, M. A. (2009) The Muscidae (Diptera: Brachycera: Muscomorpha) of south-western Saudi Arabia. Fauna of Arabia, 24, 373 - 396.","Deeming, J. C. (2000) Muscidae: Atherigonini (Diptera: Muscoidea). Cimbebasia Memoir, 9, 283 - 287.","Deeming, J. C. (2008) Order Diptera, family Muscidae. In: van Harten, A. (Ed.), Arthropod Fauna of the United Arab Emirates. Vol. 1. Dar Al-Ummah Printing, Publishing, Distribution & Advertising, Abu Dhabi, pp. 714 - 723."]}

Atherigona (Atherigona) bedfordi van Emden, 1940 (Fig. 27) Atherigona (Atherigona) bedfordi van Emden, 1940: 120. Atherigona humeralis Wiedemann sensu Hennig, 1964 et auctt., non Skidmore 1985 nec Pont 1986. Specimens examined. 1m, 1f, Asir, Abha, Hay Al-Nusub (Abha Farm Centre), 9–30.v.2014, Malaise trap, H. A. Dawah (CERS); 1m, 1f, Asir, Maraba, Al-Hudaithy Fruit Farm, 23.xii.2012, Malaise trap, H. A. Dawah (CERS); 2m, same data but 1–30.v.2004, (CERS); 3f, same data but 1–17.vi.2003 (NMWC); 1f, Asir, Abha, Madenate Al-Ameer Sultan, Hay Al-Sad, 25.ii.–25.v.2002, Malaise trap, M. A. Abdullah (NMWC). Distribution. This species was previously recorded from Saudi Arabia by Dawah & Abdullah, (2009); El-Hawagry et al. (2017). It was described from Sudan. Pont (1991) recorded it from Oman and Deemig (2000) from Egypt. Biological remarks. The types were reared from sorghum grown on residual water on the flood plain of the River Nile at Shendi and Shambat in Sudan (van Emden 1940). The late Dr. El-Serwy reared it from a dead heart in cultivated wheat, Triticum aestivum L., in Egypt (Deeming 2000: 284). Taxonomic remarks. The synonymys of A. humeralis Wiedemann and A. bedfordi are very confusing. Hennig wrongly placed A. bedfordi as a junior synonym of humeralis without having seen the type. Drs. A.C. Pont and J.C. Deeming have examined the type of A. humeralis and found it to be the same species as A. ferruginea van Emden. Thus a lot of records from a variety of authors during the intervening period are based upon misidentifications., Published as part of Dawah, Hassan A., Abdullah, Mohammed A. & Deeming, John C., 2020, The Muscidae (Diptera) of Saudi Arabia, descriptions of two new species, new records and updated list of species, pp. 1-54 in Zootaxa 4869 (1) on page 22, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4869.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4418246, {"references":["van Emden, F. I. (1940) s. n. In: Muscidae: B, Coenosiinae. Ruwenzori Expedition 1934 - 1935. Vol. II (4). British Museum (Natural History), London, pp. 91 - 255.","Skidmore, P. (1985) The Biology of the Muscidae of the World. Series Entomologica 29. Dr. W. Junk Publishers, Dordrecht, 550 pp.","Pont, A. C. (1986) Families Fannidae, Muscidae. In: Soos, A. & Papp. L. (Eds.), Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera, Scathophagidae-Hypodermatidae. Vol. 11. Akademiai Kiado, Budapest, pp. 57 - 215.","El-Hawagry, M. S., Abdel-Dayem, M. S., El-Sonbati & Al Dhafer, H. M. (2017) A preliminary account of the fly fauna in Gard Raydah Nature Reserve, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, with new records and biogeographical remarks (Diptera: Insecta). Journal of Natural History, 51 (25 - 26), 1499 - 1530. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222933.2017.1347299","Pont, A. C. (1991) A review of the Fanniidae and Muscidae (Diptera) of the Arabian Peninsula. Fauna of Saudi Arabia, 12, 312 - 265.","Deeming, J. C. (2000) Muscidae: Atherigonini (Diptera: Muscoidea). Cimbebasia Memoir, 9, 283 - 287."]}

Atherigona (Atherigona) reversura Villeneuve, 1936 (Fig. 37)xxx Atherigona reversura Villeneuve, 1936: 13. Specimen examined. 1m, Asir, Maraba, Al-Hudaithy fruit farm, 1-30.v.2004, Malaise trap, H. A.Dawah. (CERS). Distribution. This species was previously recorded from Saudi Arabia by Dawah & Abdullah (2009). It was described from China. In the Middle East it is known from Oman and Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates (Deeming 2008; El-Hawagry et al. 2016; 2017). Biological remarks. A. reversura is a serious pest which can cause severe damage to plants. Although the larvae of A. reversura known as Bermudagrass breeds mainly in Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon (L.) which is regarded as invasive pest species in USA (Grzywacz et al. 2013; Patitucci et al. 2016), other Poaceae host plants have been listed by Pont & Magpayo (1995) such as Echinochloa colona (L.) Link, Eleusine coracana Gaertn, Eriochloa procera (Retz.), Sehima nervosum (Rottler), Sorghum bicolor and Zea mays L. Grzywacz et al. (2013) described the immature stages of A. reversura but the life cycle and the biology has yet to be researched. Since its initial introduction to the U.S.A. it has in a very short time increased its distribution from Canada to Chile and Argentina., Published as part of Dawah, Hassan A., Abdullah, Mohammed A. & Deeming, John C., 2020, The Muscidae (Diptera) of Saudi Arabia, descriptions of two new species, new records and updated list of species, pp. 1-54 in Zootaxa 4869 (1) on page 27, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4869.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4418246, {"references":["Villeneuve, J. (1936) 52. Dipteren. 16. Muscidae. In: Schwedisch-chinesische wissenschaftliche Expedition nach den nordwestlichen Provinzen Chinas, unter Leitung von Dr. Sven Hedin und Prof. Su Ping-chang. Insekten gesammelt vom schwedischen Art der Expedition Dr. David Hummerl 1927 - 1930. Arkiv for Zoologi, Stockholm, 27 A (34), pp. 1 - 13.","Dawah, H. A. & Abdullah, M. A. (2009) The Muscidae (Diptera: Brachycera: Muscomorpha) of south-western Saudi Arabia. Fauna of Arabia, 24, 373 - 396.","Deeming, J. C. (2008) Order Diptera, family Muscidae. In: van Harten, A. (Ed.), Arthropod Fauna of the United Arab Emirates. Vol. 1. Dar Al-Ummah Printing, Publishing, Distribution & Advertising, Abu Dhabi, pp. 714 - 723.","El-Hawagry, M. S., Abdel-Dayem, M. S., Elgharbawy, A. A. & Al Dhafer, H. M. (2016) A preliminary account of the fly fauna in Jabal Shada al-A'la Nature Reserve, Saudi Arabia, with new records and biogeographical remarks (Diptera, Insecta). Zookeys, 636, 107 - 139. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 636.9905","El-Hawagry, M. S., Abdel-Dayem, M. S., El-Sonbati & Al Dhafer, H. M. (2017) A preliminary account of the fly fauna in Gard Raydah Nature Reserve, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, with new records and biogeographical remarks (Diptera: Insecta). Journal of Natural History, 51 (25 - 26), 1499 - 1530. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222933.2017.1347299","Grzywacz, A., Pape, T., Hudson, W. G. & Gomez, S. (2013) Morphology and immature stages of Atherigona reversura (Diptera: Muscidae) with notes on the recent invasion of North America. Journal of Natural History, 47 (15 - 16), 1055 - 1067. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222933.2012.742244","Pont, A. C. & Magpayo, F. R. (1995) Muscid shoot-flies of the Philippine Islands (Diptera: Muscidae, genus Atherigona Rondani). Bulletin of Entomological Research, Supplement Series, Supplement No. 3, 1 - 123. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 1367426900000321"]}

Atherigona (Atherigona) humeralis (Wiedemann, 1830) (Fig. 30) Coenosia humeralis Wiedemann, 1830: 441; Pont, 1986; Skidmore 1985, non Hennig,1964 nec auctt., syn. A. ferruginea van Emden, 1940. Specimens examined. 2m, Asir, Abha, Hay Al-Nusub, 6–27.vii.2013, Malaise trap, H.A. Dawah (CERS); 2f, same data but 3.iii.–3.vi.2001; 1m, Asir, Keratha, Al-Ethrebany Fruit Farm, 1–20.xi.2013, Malaise trap, H.A. Dawah (CERS); 1f, Asir, Abha, Madenate Al-Ameer Sultan, Hay Al-Sad, 25.ii.–25.v.2002, Malaise trap, H.A. Dawah (CERS); 1m, Asir, Maraba, Al-Hudaithy Fruit Farm, 1–30.v.2004, Malaise trap, H.A. Dawah (NMWC); 1m, Najran, Al-Shurfa, Saleh Maqbol Farm, 1–29.iv.2013, Malaise trap, H.A. Dawah (CERS). Distribution. This species was previously recorded from Saudi Arabia by Pont (1991); Dawah & Abdullah (2009); El-Hawagry et al. (2013; 2016; 2017). It was described from Sudan. In the Middle East it has been recorded from Egypt, Jordan, Palestine, Oman and the United Arab Emirates (Pont 1980; 1991; Deeming 2008). Biological remarks. Reared from Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. in Kenya., Published as part of Dawah, Hassan A., Abdullah, Mohammed A. & Deeming, John C., 2020, The Muscidae (Diptera) of Saudi Arabia, descriptions of two new species, new records and updated list of species, pp. 1-54 in Zootaxa 4869 (1) on pages 23-24, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4869.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4418246, {"references":["Wiedemann, C. R. W. (1830) Aussereuropaische zweiflugelige Insekten (concl.). Vol. 2. in der Schulzischen Buchhandlung, Hamm, xii + 684 pp.","Pont, A. C. (1986) Families Fannidae, Muscidae. In: Soos, A. & Papp. L. (Eds.), Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera, Scathophagidae-Hypodermatidae. Vol. 11. Akademiai Kiado, Budapest, pp. 57 - 215.","Skidmore, P. (1985) The Biology of the Muscidae of the World. Series Entomologica 29. Dr. W. Junk Publishers, Dordrecht, 550 pp.","van Emden, F. I. (1940) s. n. In: Muscidae: B, Coenosiinae. Ruwenzori Expedition 1934 - 1935. Vol. II (4). British Museum (Natural History), London, pp. 91 - 255.","Pont, A. C. (1991) A review of the Fanniidae and Muscidae (Diptera) of the Arabian Peninsula. Fauna of Saudi Arabia, 12, 312 - 265.","Dawah, H. A. & Abdullah, M. A. (2009) The Muscidae (Diptera: Brachycera: Muscomorpha) of south-western Saudi Arabia. Fauna of Arabia, 24, 373 - 396.","El-Hawagry, M. S., Khalil, M. W., Sharaf, M. R., Fadl, H. H. & Aldawood, A. S. (2013) A preliminary study on the insect fauna of Al-Baha province, Saudi Arabia, with description of two new species. Zookeys, 274, 1 - 88. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 274.4529","El-Hawagry, M. S., Abdel-Dayem, M. S., Elgharbawy, A. A. & Al Dhafer, H. M. (2016) A preliminary account of the fly fauna in Jabal Shada al-A'la Nature Reserve, Saudi Arabia, with new records and biogeographical remarks (Diptera, Insecta). Zookeys, 636, 107 - 139. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 636.9905","El-Hawagry, M. S., Abdel-Dayem, M. S., El-Sonbati & Al Dhafer, H. M. (2017) A preliminary account of the fly fauna in Gard Raydah Nature Reserve, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, with new records and biogeographical remarks (Diptera: Insecta). Journal of Natural History, 51 (25 - 26), 1499 - 1530. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222933.2017.1347299","Pont, A. C. (1980) 85 Family Muscidae. In: Crosskey, R. W. (Ed.), Catalogue of the Diptera of the Afrotropical Region. British Museum (Natural History), London, pp. 721 - 761.","Deeming, J. C. (2008) Order Diptera, family Muscidae. In: van Harten, A. (Ed.), Arthropod Fauna of the United Arab Emirates. Vol. 1. Dar Al-Ummah Printing, Publishing, Distribution & Advertising, Abu Dhabi, pp. 714 - 723."]}

Atherigona (Atherigona) longifolia van Emden, 1940 (Fig. 34) Atherigona (Atherigona) longifolia van Emden, 1940: 130. Specimens examined. 1m, 1f, Jazan, Sabya, Basahy Farm, 4–25.iii.2014, Malaise trap, H. A. Dawah (CERS); 1f, Asir, Maraba, Al-Hudaithy Fruit Farm, 1–30.x.2004, Malaise trap, H. A. Dawah (NMWC); 1m, same data but 15.x.–3.xii.2004 (CERS). Distribution. This species was previously recorded from Saudi Arabia by Dawah & Abdullah (2009). It was described from Ruwenzori in Uganda from a single male. Biological remarks. Reared during January and February from shoots of Rhytachne rottboellioides Desv. growing on the margins of Samaru lake in Nigeria (Deeming 1971) and from cultivated tef (Eragrostis tef) in Ethiopia (Nigus & Damte 2018)., Published as part of Dawah, Hassan A., Abdullah, Mohammed A. & Deeming, John C., 2020, The Muscidae (Diptera) of Saudi Arabia, descriptions of two new species, new records and updated list of species, pp. 1-54 in Zootaxa 4869 (1) on pages 25-26, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4869.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4418246, {"references":["van Emden, F. I. (1940) s. n. In: Muscidae: B, Coenosiinae. Ruwenzori Expedition 1934 - 1935. Vol. II (4). British Museum (Natural History), London, pp. 91 - 255.","Dawah, H. A. & Abdullah, M. A. (2009) The Muscidae (Diptera: Brachycera: Muscomorpha) of south-western Saudi Arabia. Fauna of Arabia, 24, 373 - 396.","Deeming, J. C. (1971) Some species of Atherigona Rondani (Diptera: Muscidae) from Northern Nigeria, with special reference to those injurious to cereal crops. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 61, 133 - 190. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0007485300057527","Nigus, C. & Damte, T. (2018) Identification of tef shoot fly species from major tef (Eragrostis tef [Zucc] Trotter growing areas of [sic] Ethiopian. African Journal of Insects, 5 (3), 181 - 184."]}

Atherigona (Acritochaeta) tedderi Deeming, 1979 (1978) (Fig. 44) Atherigona (Acritochaeta) tedderi Deeming, 1979: 33. Specimen examined. 1m, Asir, Maraba, cultivation under palms, 24.ii.2013, H.A. Dawah (NMWC). Taxonomic remarks. This species was described from both sexes from Nigeria and has not since been recorded. Since the surstylus of the Maraba specimen differs somewhat in shape and chaetotaxy from that of the holotype (Deeming, 1979: 32, Fig. 4) it is figured here (Fig. 44) in profile. Dike (1990: 301, Fig. 12)) figured the surstylus of the holotype from beneath, which figure aids understanding of its structure., Published as part of Dawah, Hassan A., Abdullah, Mohammed A. & Deeming, John C., 2020, The Muscidae (Diptera) of Saudi Arabia, descriptions of two new species, new records and updated list of species, pp. 1-54 in Zootaxa 4869 (1) on page 31, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4869.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4418246, {"references":["Deeming, J. C. (1979) New and little known species of Atherigona Rondani (Dipt., Muscidae) from Nigeria and Cameroun. Entomologist's Monthly Magazine, 114, 31 - 52.","Dike, M. C. (1990) Two new species of Atherigona from Nigeria with a key for identification of Afrotropical species of the subgenus Acritochaeta (Diptera: Muscidae). Systematic Entomology, 15, 297 - 303. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3113.1990. tb 00065. x"]}

Atherigona (Atherigona) angulata Deeming, 1971 (Fig. 26) Atherigona (Atherigona) angulata Deeming, 1971: 167. Specimens examined. 8m, 1f, Najran, Al-Shurfa, Saleh Maqbol Farm, 1–29.iv.2013, Malaise trap, H.A. Dawah (CERS); 4m, Asir, Abha, Hay Al-Nusub, 1–22.i.2014, Malaise trap, H.A. Dawah (CERS). Distribution. New to Saudi Arabia. It was described from Nigeria., Published as part of Dawah, Hassan A., Abdullah, Mohammed A. & Deeming, John C., 2020, The Muscidae (Diptera) of Saudi Arabia, descriptions of two new species, new records and updated list of species, pp. 1-54 in Zootaxa 4869 (1) on page 22, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4869.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4418246, {"references":["Deeming, J. C. (1971) Some species of Atherigona Rondani (Diptera: Muscidae) from Northern Nigeria, with special reference to those injurious to cereal crops. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 61, 133 - 190. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0007485300057527"]}

Atherigona (Acritochaeta) afrotropicalis Deeming sp. nov. Male, female (Fig. 41 & 42; A,B,C) Type material examined. Holotype male, BOTSWANA: Gabarone, Tlokweng, 6–13.iii.1990, Malaise trap in sorghum field, J.M. Mashonja (NMWC). Paratypes 20m, same data as holotype; 6m, Tlokweng, 26.i. 1990, J.M. Mashonja; 2m, SAUDI ARABIA, Abha, Al-Souda, Bani Mazen, 18°12’N 42°27’E, 19.vi–9.vii.2013, Malaise trap, H.A.Dawah; 4m, YEMEN: Ar Rujum, 9.iv–5.vi.2001, A. van Harten; 2m, Ar Rujum, i–iv.2001, Malaise trap, A. van Harten (all in NMWC). Type locality. Botswana, Gabarone, Tlokweng. Diagnosis. In the most recent key to the Afrotropical species of the subgenus Acritochaeta Grimshaw, being that of Dike (1990), the new species would trace to A. orientalis Schiner, from which it differs by colouration, wing venation and structure of the male postabdomen, but in the male shares with it the very distinctive dorsoapical excision of the fore femur, this set about by identical compact short curved setulae, the lack of specialised chaetotaxy of the fore tarsus, the similar structure and chaetotaxy of the palpus and the completely hyaline wing. In terms of the position of the anterior crossvein on the discal cell, which resembles that of species of Atherigona sensu stricto, this species is most unusual for the subgenus Acritochaeta. A. (Acritochaeta) fuscicephala Dike, described from Nigeria, shares with the new species the more basally-situated anterior crossvein. However, that species is distinctive in its black shiny parafrontalia and in having the thorax yellow throughout and golden dusted. The differences separating the two species are as follows, Published as part of Dawah, Hassan A., Abdullah, Mohammed A. & Deeming, John C., 2020, The Muscidae (Diptera) of Saudi Arabia, descriptions of two new species, new records and updated list of species, pp. 1-54 in Zootaxa 4869 (1) on page 28, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4869.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4418246, {"references":["Dike, M. C. (1990) Two new species of Atherigona from Nigeria with a key for identification of Afrotropical species of the subgenus Acritochaeta (Diptera: Muscidae). Systematic Entomology, 15, 297 - 303. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3113.1990. tb 00065. x"]}

Atherigona (Atherigona) lineata (Adams, 1905) (Fig. 33) Coenosia lineata Adams, 1905: 208. Specimens examined. 1m, Najran, Al-Shurfa, Saleh Maqbol Farm, 1–20.i.2014, Malaise trap, H. A. Dawah (CERS); 1m, Jazan, Abu Aresh, Al-Mahdag village, 1.ii.–3.vi.2011, Malaise trap, H. A. Dawah (CERS); 1m, same data but 5–20.vi.2011 (CERS); 1m, Asir, Maraba, Al-Hudaithy Fruit Farm, 24.ii.2013, Malaise trap, H. A. Dawah (CERS); 1m, same data but 1–30.v.2004 (NMWC); 2m, same data but 1–31.v.2004 (NMWC); 1f, Asir, Abha, Hay Al-Nusub (Abha farm centre), 1–31. V. 2004, Malaise trap, H. A. Dawah (CERS); same data but 10.v.2001 (CERS). Distribution. This species was previously recorded from Saudi Arabia by Dawah & Abdullah (2009). It was described from Salisbury, Zimbabwe. In the Middle East it has been recorded from Oman, Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates (Pont 1991; Deeming 2008; Dawah & Abdullah 2009). Taxonomic remarks. In terms of size, colouration and the development of the frontofacial angle A. lineata is a very variable species and the possibility exists that it may be a species complex. The subspecies Atherigona lineata ugandae van Emden is, however, a distinct taxon. Biological remarks. It has been reared from sorghum (S. bicolor), but has also been recorded from other poaceous hosts (e.g., Paspalum scrobiculatum L., Setaria pumila (Poir.) Roem Schult) (Skidmore 1985; Pont 1991; Deeming 2000)., Published as part of Dawah, Hassan A., Abdullah, Mohammed A. & Deeming, John C., 2020, The Muscidae (Diptera) of Saudi Arabia, descriptions of two new species, new records and updated list of species, pp. 1-54 in Zootaxa 4869 (1) on page 25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4869.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4418246, {"references":["Adams, C. F. (1905) Diptera africana. Kansas University Science Bulletin, 3, 149 - 208. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 8100","Dawah, H. A. & Abdullah, M. A. (2009) The Muscidae (Diptera: Brachycera: Muscomorpha) of south-western Saudi Arabia. Fauna of Arabia, 24, 373 - 396.","Pont, A. C. (1991) A review of the Fanniidae and Muscidae (Diptera) of the Arabian Peninsula. Fauna of Saudi Arabia, 12, 312 - 265.","Deeming, J. C. (2008) Order Diptera, family Muscidae. In: van Harten, A. (Ed.), Arthropod Fauna of the United Arab Emirates. Vol. 1. Dar Al-Ummah Printing, Publishing, Distribution & Advertising, Abu Dhabi, pp. 714 - 723.","Skidmore, P. (1985) The Biology of the Muscidae of the World. Series Entomologica 29. Dr. W. Junk Publishers, Dordrecht, 550 pp.","Deeming, J. C. (2000) Muscidae: Atherigonini (Diptera: Muscoidea). Cimbebasia Memoir, 9, 283 - 287."]}

Atherigona (Atherigona) naqvii Steyskal, 1966 (Fig. 35) Atherigona (Atherigona) naqvii Steyskal, 1966: 53. “ Sind wheat-stem fly” of Ramachandra Rao (1924) Specimens examined. 2m, Jazan, Farasan Island, Aziz Yousef Village, 29.x.2014, Malaise trap, H.A. Dawah (CERS); 9m, 39f, Asir, Abha, Hay Al-Nusub, 3.iii.–3.vi.2001, Malaise trap, H.A. Dawah (NMWC; CERS); 1m, Asir, Abha, Madenate Al-Ameer Sultan, Hay Al-Sad, 27.viii.2013, Malaise trap, H.A. Dawah (CERS); 3f, same data but 25.ii.–25.v.2002 (NMWC); 1m, Jazan, Abu Aresh, Al-Mahdag Village, 1.ii.–3.iv.2011, Malaise trap, H.A. Dawah (CERS); 2m, 2f, Asir, Maraba, Al-Hudaithy Fruit Farm, 1–30.v.2004, Malaise trap, H.A. Dawah (NMWC); 2m, Asir, Keratha, Al-Ethrebany Fruit Farm, 15.v.–11.vi.2006, Malaise trap, H.A. Dawah (NMWC); 2m, 1f, Al-Dawaseer, Al-Joba village, 1.iii.–30.iv.2005, Malaise trap, H.A. Dawah & M.A. Abdullah (NMWC). Distribution. This species was previously recorded from Saudi Arabia by Deeming (1971); Dawah & Abdullah (2009). It was described from specimens reared from wheat shoots in West Pakistan. In the Middle East It was recorded from Oman, UAE and Yemen (Pont 1991; Deeming 2000; 2008; Muller & Mostovski 2018) Taxonomic remarks. Ramachandra Rao (1924) was the first person to comment on the importance of the male trifoliate process, which had been overlooked by previous dipterists. He referred to the species since described as A. naqvii as the Sind wheat-stem fly on p. 334 of his report, and on plate 33 it is listed as the Sindh wheat-stem fly, where two photographs of the trifoliate process are produced. The material that he had at hand was from Mirpurkhas in Sind, from Lahore and from Peshawar, all localities now in the far east of Pakistan, those specimens from Peshawar reared from wheat. These were all collected between 1913 and 1918. Biological remarks. This species is of considerable economic importance as it is a serious pest of bulrush millet in west Africa and wheat and barley in Arabia and Pakistan. It also infests a number of wild grasses (Pont 1973b; 1991; Deeming 1971; 2008). Since the initial finding of A. (Atherigona) naqvii in Africa (attacking millet in Nigeria in 1960) it has become one of the most widespread and common Atherigona species in Africa., Published as part of Dawah, Hassan A., Abdullah, Mohammed A. & Deeming, John C., 2020, The Muscidae (Diptera) of Saudi Arabia, descriptions of two new species, new records and updated list of species, pp. 1-54 in Zootaxa 4869 (1) on pages 26-27, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4869.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4418246, {"references":["Steyskal, G. C. (1966) A new species of Atherigona Rondani causing damage to wheat plants in West Pakistan (Diptera: Muscidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 68, 53 - 56.","Ramachandra Rao, Y. (1924) The genitalia of certain Anthomyiad flies (Atherigona spp.). Report of the Proceedings of the 5 th entomological Meeting at Pusa, 1923, 330 - 335.","Deeming, J. C. (1971) Some species of Atherigona Rondani (Diptera: Muscidae) from Northern Nigeria, with special reference to those injurious to cereal crops. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 61, 133 - 190. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0007485300057527","Dawah, H. A. & Abdullah, M. A. (2009) The Muscidae (Diptera: Brachycera: Muscomorpha) of south-western Saudi Arabia. Fauna of Arabia, 24, 373 - 396.","Pont, A. C. (1991) A review of the Fanniidae and Muscidae (Diptera) of the Arabian Peninsula. Fauna of Saudi Arabia, 12, 312 - 265.","Deeming, J. C. (2000) Muscidae: Atherigonini (Diptera: Muscoidea). Cimbebasia Memoir, 9, 283 - 287.","Deeming, J. C. (2008) Order Diptera, family Muscidae. In: van Harten, A. (Ed.), Arthropod Fauna of the United Arab Emirates. Vol. 1. Dar Al-Ummah Printing, Publishing, Distribution & Advertising, Abu Dhabi, pp. 714 - 723.","Muller, B. S. & Mostovski, M. B. (2018) A key to males of Atherigona s. str. (Diptera: Muscidae) from Mali, with new records and a new species for the country. Zootaxa, 4425 (2), 342 - 356. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4425.2.9","Loew, H. (1852) (Hr. Peters legte Diagnosen und Abbildungen der von ihm in Mossambique neu entdeckten Dipteren vor, welche von Hrn. Professor Loew bearbeitet worden sind.). Berichte der Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, 1852, 658 - 661.","Adams, C. F. (1905) Diptera africana. Kansas University Science Bulletin, 3, 149 - 208. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 8100","van Emden, F. I. (1940) s. n. In: Muscidae: B, Coenosiinae. Ruwenzori Expedition 1934 - 1935. Vol. II (4). British Museum (Natural History), London, pp. 91 - 255.","Wiedemann, C. R. W. (1830) Aussereuropaische zweiflugelige Insekten (concl.). Vol. 2. in der Schulzischen Buchhandlung, Hamm, xii + 684 pp.","Pont, A. C. (1973 b) A review of the Oriental species of Atherigona Rondani (Diptera, Muscidae) of economic importance. In: Jotwani, M. G. & Young, R. W. (Eds.), Control of Sorghum Shoot Fly. Oxford and IBH Publishing Co., New Delhi, pp. 27 - 102."]}

Atherigona (Acritochaeta) yorki Deeming 1971 (Fig. 45) Atherigona (Acritochaeta) yorki Deeming, 1971: 147. Specimens examined. 1m, 3f, Asir, Abha, Madenate Al-Ameer Sultan, Hay Al-Sad, 25.ii–25.v.2002, Malaise trap, H. A. Dawah (NMWC; CERS); 1m, same data but 19.vi.–9.vii.2013 (CERS); 2m, Asir, Maraba, Al-Hudaithy Fruit Farm, 1–30.v.2004, Malaise trap, H. A. Dawah (CERS); 1m, same data but 1–17.vi.2003 (NMWC). Distribution. This species was previously recorded for Saudi Arabia by Dawah & Abdullah (2009). It was described from Nigeria, Kenya, Senegal, Sierra Leone and Sudan. In Arabian Peninsula it was recorded from Yemen (Ba-angood & Hubaishan 1985). Biological remarks. Deeming (1971) reared this species from guinea corn shoots (S. bicolor), millet stems (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R.Br.), elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schumach) shoots and maize. It has been recorded from millet as a parasitoid of pyralid moth caterpillars (i.e. Coniesta ignefusalis (Hampson) and Chilo zonellus (Swinhoe)). Also this species has been reported as a pest of introduced high-yielding cultivars of sorghum, but not the variety “Baini” (Ba-angood & Hubaishan 1985)., Published as part of Dawah, Hassan A., Abdullah, Mohammed A. & Deeming, John C., 2020, The Muscidae (Diptera) of Saudi Arabia, descriptions of two new species, new records and updated list of species, pp. 1-54 in Zootaxa 4869 (1) on page 32, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4869.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4418246, {"references":["Deeming, J. C. (1971) Some species of Atherigona Rondani (Diptera: Muscidae) from Northern Nigeria, with special reference to those injurious to cereal crops. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 61, 133 - 190. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0007485300057527","Dawah, H. A. & Abdullah, M. A. (2009) The Muscidae (Diptera: Brachycera: Muscomorpha) of south-western Saudi Arabia. Fauna of Arabia, 24, 373 - 396.","Ba-angood, S. A. & Hubaishan, M. A. (1985) Effect of sowing date and cultivars of sorghum on infestation by Atherigona yorki, Sesamia cretica and Chilo partellus in Yemen. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge, 104, 61 - 66. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0021859600042982"]}

Atherigona (Atherigona) pulla (Wiedemann, 1830) (Fig.36) Coenosia pulla Wiedemann, 1830: 441. Specimens examined. 5m, Asir, Abha, Hay Al-Nusub (Abha farm centre), 1–22.i.2014, Malaise trap, H.A. Dawah (CERS). Distribution. New to Saudi Arabia. It was described from India., Published as part of Dawah, Hassan A., Abdullah, Mohammed A. & Deeming, John C., 2020, The Muscidae (Diptera) of Saudi Arabia, descriptions of two new species, new records and updated list of species, pp. 1-54 in Zootaxa 4869 (1) on page 27, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4869.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4418246, {"references":["Wiedemann, C. R. W. (1830) Aussereuropaische zweiflugelige Insekten (concl.). Vol. 2. in der Schulzischen Buchhandlung, Hamm, xii + 684 pp."]}

Atherigona (Atherigona) hyalinipennis van Emden, 1959 (Fig. 31) Atherigona (Atherigona) hyalinipennis van Emden, 1959: 193. Specimens examined. 3m, 3f, Asir, Abha, Madenate Al-Ameer Sultan, Hay Al-Sad, 25.ii.–25.v.2002, Malaise trap, H. A. Dawah & M. A. Abdullah (NMWC; CERS); 1m, same data but 10.v.2002 (CERS); 1f, same data but 4–25.v.2013 (CERS); 2m, Asir, Maraba, Al-Hudaithy farm, l– 31.v. 2004, Malaise trap, H. A. Dawah (CERS); same data but 15.x.–30.xi.2004 (CERS); 1m, Asir, Keratha, Al-Ethrebany Fruit Farm, 15.v.–11.vi.2006, Malaise trap, H. A. Dawah (CERS); Al-Dawaseer, Al-Joba village, 1.iii.–30.iv.2005, Malaise trap, H. A. Dawah (CERS). Distribution. This species was previously recorded from Saudi Arabia by Dawah & Abdullah (2009). It was described from Eritrea (as “ Ethiopia ”). In the Middle East it has been recorded from Oman and the United Arab Emirates (Pont 1991; Deeming 2008). Biological remarks. Hosts include the Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana Kunth) which is grown widely in Arabia for feeding livestock and horses. Also it attacks cultivated Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench and several other cereals and grasses (Deeming 1971; 2000; 2008; Skidmore 1985; Pont 1991). In Oman this species is a serious pest of Rhodes grass (Deeming 2000) and in Ethiopia of the staple cereal tef (Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter) (Nigus & Damte 2018). Deeming (2019) deals in detail with larval diagnosis, various aspects of biology of immature stages, parasitic Hymenoptera and distribution of this species., Published as part of Dawah, Hassan A., Abdullah, Mohammed A. & Deeming, John C., 2020, The Muscidae (Diptera) of Saudi Arabia, descriptions of two new species, new records and updated list of species, pp. 1-54 in Zootaxa 4869 (1) on pages 24-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4869.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4418246, {"references":["van Emden, F. I. (1959) Journey to high Simien (Northern Ethiopia), 1952 - 1953: Diptera, Calyptrata. Journal of the Linnean Society of London, 44, 186 - 195. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1959. tb 01606. x","Dawah, H. A. & Abdullah, M. A. (2009) The Muscidae (Diptera: Brachycera: Muscomorpha) of south-western Saudi Arabia. Fauna of Arabia, 24, 373 - 396.","Pont, A. C. (1991) A review of the Fanniidae and Muscidae (Diptera) of the Arabian Peninsula. Fauna of Saudi Arabia, 12, 312 - 265.","Deeming, J. C. (2008) Order Diptera, family Muscidae. In: van Harten, A. (Ed.), Arthropod Fauna of the United Arab Emirates. Vol. 1. Dar Al-Ummah Printing, Publishing, Distribution & Advertising, Abu Dhabi, pp. 714 - 723.","van Emden, F. I. (1940) s. n. In: Muscidae: B, Coenosiinae. Ruwenzori Expedition 1934 - 1935. Vol. II (4). British Museum (Natural History), London, pp. 91 - 255.","Wiedemann, C. R. W. (1830) Aussereuropaische zweiflugelige Insekten (concl.). Vol. 2. in der Schulzischen Buchhandlung, Hamm, xii + 684 pp.","Deeming, J. C. (1971) Some species of Atherigona Rondani (Diptera: Muscidae) from Northern Nigeria, with special reference to those injurious to cereal crops. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 61, 133 - 190. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0007485300057527","Deeming, J. C. (2000) Muscidae: Atherigonini (Diptera: Muscoidea). Cimbebasia Memoir, 9, 283 - 287.","Skidmore, P. (1985) The Biology of the Muscidae of the World. Series Entomologica 29. Dr. W. Junk Publishers, Dordrecht, 550 pp.","Nigus, C. & Damte, T. (2018) Identification of tef shoot fly species from major tef (Eragrostis tef [Zucc] Trotter growing areas of [sic] Ethiopian. African Journal of Insects, 5 (3), 181 - 184.","Deeming, J. C. (2019) Biology, ecology, distribution and taxonomy of immature stages of Atherigona (s. s.) hyalinipennis van Emden (Diptera: Muscidae), a pest of the cereal crop tef (Eragrostis tef) and the fodder crop Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana). Entomologist's Monthly Magazine, 155, 107 - 112. https: // doi. org / 10.31184 / M 00138908.1552.3971"]}

Atherigona (Atherigona) ruficornis Stein, 1913 Atherigona ruficornis Stein, 1913: 523. Specimens examined. 1m, Asir, Abha, Madenate Al-Ameer Sultan, Hay Al-Sad, 25.ii.–25.v.2002, Malaise trap, H.A. Dawah (NMWC). Distribution. This species was previously recorded from Saudi Arabia by Abu-Zoherah et al. (1993). It was described from Ethiopia. It was recoded from Yemen by van Emden (1948). The identification of van Emden’s specimens of this species was confirmed by J.C. Deeming (Pont 1991: 342) as the identification was in some doubt., Published as part of Dawah, Hassan A., Abdullah, Mohammed A. & Deeming, John C., 2020, The Muscidae (Diptera) of Saudi Arabia, descriptions of two new species, new records and updated list of species, pp. 1-54 in Zootaxa 4869 (1) on page 27, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4869.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4418246, {"references":["Stein, P. (1913) Neue afrikanische Anthomyiden. Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici, 11, 457 - 583.","Abu-Zoherah, R., Al-Taher, K. & Tilkian, S. (1993) List of Insects Recorded from Saudi Arabia. Ministry of Agriculture and Water, National Agriculture and Water Research Centre, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Riyadh, 394 pp.","van Emden, F. I. (1948) Diptera: Muscidae. In: Expedition to South-West Arabia 1937 - 1938. Vol. I. British Museum (Natural History), London, pp. 161 - 175.","Pont, A. C. (1991) A review of the Fanniidae and Muscidae (Diptera) of the Arabian Peninsula. Fauna of Saudi Arabia, 12, 312 - 265."]}

Atherigona (Atherigona) soccata Rondani, 1871 (Fig. 38) Atherigona soccata Rondani, 1871: 332. Specimens examined. 3m, 1f, Asir, Abha, Madenate Al-Ameer Sultan, Hay Al-Sad, 25.ii.–25.v.2002, Malaise trap, H.A. Dawah (CERS; NMWC); 1m, same data but 1–30.v.2004 (CERS); 1m, Asir, Abha, Hay Al-Nusub (Abha Farm Centre), 9–30.v.2014, Malaise trap, H.A. Dawah (CERS); 2f, same data but 3.iii.–3.vi.2001 (NMWC); 1f, Asir, Maraba, Al-Hudaithy Fruit Farm, 1–30.v.2004, Malaise trap, H.A. Dawah (CERS). Distribution. This species was previously recorded from Saudi Arabia by Pont (1991); Dawah & Abdullah (2009). It was described from Italy. It was recorded from Oman by Pont (1991). Biological remarks. This species is a well-known pest and is commonly known as “Sorghum Shootfly”. It is reported to be reared from 40 graminaceous host species, but sorghum is the main host for this species (Pont 1991). Deeming (1971) and Pont (1973b) have fully discussed the biology of this economically important pest. Larvae pupate in the plant or the soil, and the life cycle takes 2–3 weeks, depending on the temperature and humidity. This species is reported to have 15 generations a year in Pakistan. The eggs, larvae and pupae of this species are attacked by a few species of parasitoids (Skidmore 1985). Prior to 1971 it was commonly referred to as Atherigona indica infuscata van Emden and Atherigona varia soccata Rondani., Published as part of Dawah, Hassan A., Abdullah, Mohammed A. & Deeming, John C., 2020, The Muscidae (Diptera) of Saudi Arabia, descriptions of two new species, new records and updated list of species, pp. 1-54 in Zootaxa 4869 (1) on pages 27-28, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4869.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4418246, {"references":["Rondani, C. (1871) Diptera Italica non vel minus cognita descripta aut annotata. Fasc. 1 V. Addena Anthomyinis Prodr. Vol. V 1. Bullettino della Societa Entomologica italiana, 2 (6), 317 - 338. [1870]","Pont, A. C. (1991) A review of the Fanniidae and Muscidae (Diptera) of the Arabian Peninsula. Fauna of Saudi Arabia, 12, 312 - 265.","Dawah, H. A. & Abdullah, M. A. (2009) The Muscidae (Diptera: Brachycera: Muscomorpha) of south-western Saudi Arabia. Fauna of Arabia, 24, 373 - 396.","Deeming, J. C. (1971) Some species of Atherigona Rondani (Diptera: Muscidae) from Northern Nigeria, with special reference to those injurious to cereal crops. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 61, 133 - 190. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0007485300057527","Pont, A. C. (1973 b) A review of the Oriental species of Atherigona Rondani (Diptera, Muscidae) of economic importance. In: Jotwani, M. G. & Young, R. W. (Eds.), Control of Sorghum Shoot Fly. Oxford and IBH Publishing Co., New Delhi, pp. 27 - 102.","Skidmore, P. (1985) The Biology of the Muscidae of the World. Series Entomologica 29. Dr. W. Junk Publishers, Dordrecht, 550 pp."]}

Atherigona immaculata Stein in Becker, 1910 Atherigona immaculata Stein in Becker, 1910: 150. Distribution. This species was previously recorded from Saudi Arabia by Abu-Zoherah et al. (1993). It was described from Sokotra., Published as part of Dawah, Hassan A., Abdullah, Mohammed A. & Deeming, John C., 2020, The Muscidae (Diptera) of Saudi Arabia, descriptions of two new species, new records and updated list of species, pp. 1-54 in Zootaxa 4869 (1) on page 25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4869.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4418246, {"references":["Becker, T. (1910) Dipteren aus Sudarabien und von der Insel Sokotra. Denkschrift der Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien, 71, 131 - 160. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 9285","Abu-Zoherah, R., Al-Taher, K. & Tilkian, S. (1993) List of Insects Recorded from Saudi Arabia. Ministry of Agriculture and Water, National Agriculture and Water Research Centre, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Riyadh, 394 pp."]}