Search

Distribution is a form of supply and demand management. Suppliers send the raw materials to producers, where they are transformed into finished products. Likewise, producers distribute their products to consumers. This situation shows that distribution is an important activity in trade or business, and any obstacles to this risk disrupting the performance of the supply chain; one of its stakeholders are the producers. However, previous research has not examined the distribution problems experienced by producers. For this reason, this study aims to identify the obstacles that occur for producers in their distribution activities. This research uses a case study approach, with three respondents from electronics, textile, and food manufacturing companies. Referring to the results of the interviews, the loading and unloading problems at ports implies additional costs. The result shows that distribution activities are inefficient, which results in much higher logistics costs. This research concludes that bottlenecks at ports have negative consequences for supply chain networks. Barriers to the distribution process in ports disrupt the activities of organizations in the supply chain's network.

The aim of this meta-synthesis is to determine the findings of qualitative research on prospective teacher training in Turkey, the aspects of future prospective teacher training programs, and the deep knowledge and insights in them. Fourteen studies dealing with new prospective teacher training program using qualitative methods introduced in Turkey in 2016 were included in this meta-synthesis. As a result of the analyses, four themes were revealed; mentoring, contribution of prospective teacher training to teacher education, activities, evaluation, and problems encountered in the execution of the program. Then, a second level abstraction was performed, and syntheses were made as follows; 1) mentor selection and workload, 2) professional development, 3) program content and planning, 4) school context, and 5) program accountability. These syntheses point out the aspects that need to be focused on in the in the process of prospective teacher training program development., Bu meta-sentez çalışmasının amacı, Türkiye’de aday öğretmen yetiştirme sürecini konu edinen nitel araştırmalardaki bulguları bir araya getirerek aday öğretmen yetiştirme programının geliştirilmesi gereken yönlerini belirlemek ve programa ilişkin araştırmalardaki derin bilgi ve anlayışları ortaya çıkarmaktır. Çalışmaya, 2016 yılında Türkiye’de uygulanmaya başlanan yeni aday öğretmen yetiştirme programını nitel yöntemlerle ele alan 14 çalışma dahil edilmiştir. Analizler sonucunda ilk olarak dört tema ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Bunlar; mentörlük uygulaması, adaylık eğitiminin öğretmen eğitimine katkısı, faaliyetler ve değerlendirme, programın yürütülmesinde karşılaşılan problemlerdir. Sonraki aşamada ikinci düzey soyutlama yapılarak sentezler ortaya konmuştur. Bunlar; 1) mentör seçimi ve görev yükü, 2) mesleki gelişim, 3) program içeriği ve planlama, 4) okul bağlamı ve 5) program hesap verebilirliğidir. Bu sentezler aday öğretmen yetiştirme programının geliştirilmesinde odaklanılması gereken yönleri vurgulamaktadır.

Teachers are accepted as key factors for the success of change initiatives during educational reforms. Thus, the importance of teacher empowerment at the stages of change is emphasized. However, there is lack of research dealing with the teacher empowerment on their attitudes towards change and its role in change. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to reveal the possible relationship between psychological empowerment and being ready for individual change for teachers. Correlational study design was used. The study group consists of 517 teachers at primary, secondary and high schools selected via cluster and convenience sampling methods. It has been found through multiple linear regression analysis that sub-dimensions of psychological empowerment (meaning, impact, competence and self-determination) predict teachers' cognitive, emotional and intentional readiness for change significantly. However, it has been revealed that self-determination and competence for cognitive readiness; self-determination for emotional readiness; self-determination, competence and impact for intentional readiness are found to be significant predictors. These results were discussed in terms of theories of self-determination and self-efficacy and some suggestions were made for the Turkish education system in practice. C1 [Celik, Osman Tayyar] Pamukkale Univ, Ogrenci Isleri Daire Baskanligi, Denizli, Turkey. [Atik, Servet] Inonu Univ, Malatya, Turkey.

In a Turkish League Against Rheumatism (TLAR) project, evidence-based recommendations for the management of knee osteoarthritis (OA) was developed for the first time in our country in 2012 (TLAR-2012). In accordance with developing medical knowledge and scientific evidence, recommendations were updated. The committee was composed of 22 physical medicine and rehabilitation specialists (4 have rheumatology subspeciality also) and an orthopaedic surgeon. Systematic literature search were applied on Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane and Turkish Medical Index for the dates between January the 1st 2012 and January the 29th of 2015. The articles were assessed for quality and classified according to hierarchy for the level of evidence, and the selected ones sent to committee members electronically. They were asked to develop new recommendations. In the meeting in 2015, the format of the recommendations was decided to be patient-based and considering the grade and the severity of the disease. By the discussion of the each item under the light of new evidences, the final recommendations were developed. Each item was voted electronically on a 10-cm visual analogue scale (VAS) and the strength of recommendation (SoR) was calculated. In the light of evidences, totally 11 titles of recommendations were developed; the first 7 were applicable to each patient in every stages of the disease, remaining were for defined specific clinical situations. The mean SoR value of the recommendations was between 7.44 and 9.93. TLAR-2012 recommendations were updated in a new format. We think that, present recommendations will be beneficial for the physicians who manage, as well as the patients who suffer from the disease. © 2018, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.

Transportation infrastructure has a significant role towards economic development. Railway infrastructure is expected to give a high contribution in regional development. The study was conducted to understand the role of the railway infrastructure in supporting the regional economy by using Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) as a measurement. By using a dynamic spatial econometric models, it is expected to know how big influence the railway infrastructure on GDP and its effect may differ in national and regional levels. The result of model analysis showed that the addition amount of traffic or route service would raise GDP growth by 0.069%, whereas with the addition of traffic or route service frequency will increase GDP grmuth by 0.005%. Modeling results that positively affect GDP grmuth is the amount of traffic or traffic routes and frequency of services or service routes. Both these variables describe the traffic capacity that has a strong correlation with the availability of rail infrastructure. Through the simulation increases the number of paths, then if the total amount of the current trajectory is increased 1.1 times, it can affect GDP growth up to 0.076% while the frequency of traffic can contribute to GDP growth up to 0.005% and the frequency of cross-influence may continue to increase if the number cross frequency was increased.Keywords: railway infrastructure, regional economy

The on line booking system is one of the breakthrough to impraue seroice to customer. The implementation of on line ticketing strategy has been both exciting and challenging. This study intends to evaluate the implementation of railway on line ticketing system. The methods of analysis use descriptive analysis and cross tabulation. This method will obtain a data description related to the evaluation of on line train ticket sales after implementing this regulation. There are 81.82 % of respondents that bought a train ticket by coming in the railway station, The age respondents between 25 to 34 years knew about this system as much as 31.8%. A total of 14.4% of respondents is ever buy ticket by that system and 56.8% of total respondent are know well how to buy ticketing by on line but they never do that way. From the Pearson chisquare of the probability value can be obtained a description of the relationship between education respondents with knowledge of on line ticketing, relationship between on line ticketing and a have or have not purchased tickets on line, as well as the relationship between respondents opinions about the on line ticketing system with a successfal application.Keywords: train ticket, on line seroices Penjualan tiket secara on line merupakan salah satu terobosan guna meningkatkan layanan kepada pelanggan. Pelaksanaan sistem on line ini cukup menarik dan banyak tantangan. Penelitian ini bermaksud mengevaluasi penerapan sistem layanan tiket kereta api secara on line. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif serta cross tabulation atau disebut juga tabulasi silang. Melalui metode ini diperoleh gambaran/ deskripsi data terkait dengan evaluasi penerapan sistem on line penjualan tiket kereta api, yaitu sebanyak 81,82% responden membeli tiket kereta api dengan datang ke stasiun, responden yang berusia 25 s.d 34 tahun sebanyak 31.8% mengetahui tentang on line ticketing. Sebanyak 14.4 % responden mengetahui tentang on line ticketing pemah membeli secara on line., tetapi sebanyak 56.8% walaupun sudah mengetahui tentang on line ticketing tetapi belum pemah membeli secara on line. Dari nilai probabilitas untuk pearson chi-square diperoleh gambaran adanya hubungan antara pendidikan responden dengan pengetahuan tentang on line ticketing, hubungan antara mengetahui on line ticketing dengan pemah a tau belum membeli tiket secara on line, serta hubungan antara pendapat responden tentang sistem on line ticketing dengan keberhasilan penerapannya.Kata kunci: tiket kereta api, pelayanan on line.

This study intends to determinate criteria of the station location which the aim is to providing input in the policy that criteria. The priority of creteria and sub criteria the station location is determinated by using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Based on processing and analysis of data are obtained the aspect of regulation is more priority than other criteria in determining the railway passenger station location. The other aspects are of the economic environment, accessibility and connectivity, as well as operational. For sub-criteria, the suitability of the national railway master plan (Ripnas) is more priority than land-use aspects (spatial plan). For Sub-economic criteria, the first aspect is the economic potential in the region/ growth area. For sub accessibility and connectivity criteria consider about distance within the downtown stationKey words: criteria, passenger station Kajian ini bermaksud menyusun kriteria penetapan lokasi stasiun kereta api pen um pang dengan tujuan memberikan masukan dalam kebijakan kriteria penetapan lokasi stasiun kereta api penumpang. Dengan menggunakan Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) maka akan ditentukan prioritas dari kriteria dan sub kriteria untuk penentuan lokasi stasiun. Dari pengolahan dan analisis data diperoleh hasil bahwa aspek regulasi merupakan prioritas utama dalam penentuan lokasi stasiun penumpang kereta api, diikuti oleh aspek lingkungan ekonomi, aksesibilitas dan konektivitas, serta operasional. Untuk sub kriteria, kesesuaian rencana induk perkeretaapian nasional (Ripnas) sebagai prioritas dibandingkan aspek tata guna lahan (rencana tata ruang wilayah). Sub kriteria ekonomi yang menjadi urutan pertama adalah potensi ekonomi di wilayah/kawasan pertumbuhan. Untuk sub kriteria aksesibilitas dan konektivitas adalah pertimbangan jarak stasiun dengan pusat kota.Kata kunci: kriteria, stasiun penumpang

Economic growth is closely related to the sustainable development in the transport sector. This relationship is de111onstrated lnj the role of the transport sector which opens the isolation of an area that will proi.>ide a significant economic impact for the welfare of tile people in the region.fudging from tlze contributions, the ven; small contribution of the transport sector to gross do111estic product i11 2005 is 3.97, increasing to 4.28 in 2006, and decreased to 3.24 in 2009. Hai.'i11g i.'icwed from tl1e 111ai11 social fu11ctio11 r.ulziclz consists of 7 groups, the pattenz formationtlzat lzas the lmvest GDP are electricity, gas and water for 46,823 or 0.83%. Transportation was ranked fourth at 181 616, or 3.24%. The average increase in the transport sector over the next five years at 13. 72 % .Key Words: transportation, economic growth

Sebagai upaya meningkatkan layanan PT. KA mulai memberlakukan sistem boarding pass yaitu pengecekan identitas pen um pang pada saat membeli tiket kereta api dan setelah naik di dalam kereta. Salah satu faktor yang menentukan kepuasan pelanggan adalah persepsi pelanggan mengenai kualitas jasa yang berfokus pada lima dimensi kualitas jasa. Kajian ini mengamati kualitas pelayanan sistem boarding pass PT.KA yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui penilaian pelanggan. Metode analisis Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) digunakan untuk menganalisis tingkat kepuasan responden. Hasil kajian menunjukkan nilai CSI 64,357 % dan ini berarti bahwa secara umum kinerja pelayanan sistem boardingpass yang dirasakan oleh responden adalah buruk (poor). Aspek yang perlu ditingkatkan adalah sosialisasi, efisiensi waktu dan sarana pendukung selama pemeriksaan tiket dan kartu identitas, kesigapan petugas dalam memberikan pelayanan. Sedangkan aspek pelayanan yang harus dipertahankan adalah kemudahan penumpang dengan perlakuan khusus, mengurangi kepadatan penumpang di peron, serta meningkatkan keteraturan dan ketertiban di stasiun.

Policies and strategies fur Jmman rewurce derelopment in tranSfX»1ation ~kior is une of effurt to enhanceEerVices. Therefore, generate quality human resources and professional. is needed in aarmiance with theirfu:nctiona1 fXJSitions. Balancing quality and quantity of lmman resources with advance tranSJXJrl technologiesare exprted that transrxJrlation grnls will. re more sucressfa1 as 'lIBll as CXJr11¢e lXJth within and other amtries.Aavrding to improving transp:Jrlation sifthJ rxJlicy is net:ES.'m1j to cklxdap fafhJ audit amcept in prerentioneJjUrts to reduce tk incidence and accidents. Related tk mse is needed functional. fXJSitions as a sup;rvifm/insp?Cfor/auditor of each f£dmical. institution in ministnj of transp:Jrlation !£Cior (diredorale genem1. land trans]XJrl, mil'UXlljS, f£ll and air). Sup?YViror assi.gned to guarantee tk jaslbilittj of transp:Jrlation foci1itX!s indudingritk analysis of ead1 violation of eligibility requirements.Functional. ~J standards is necessary b:cauf£ it is a CUfXlbility that is lxlsed on knowledge, skills andgcxxl attitude whidi refers to tk peformance required This matter is explained in tk study of tk nea:ssity offuncional position by research and developmen of ministry of transport on 2009.

The purpose of this studtj is to identifiJ the various problems that caused bottlenecking marement ofpeople and vehicles in the Greater Jakarta area on the vertices of a strategic transport. By using themethod of transportation development strategtJ through the Transport Demand Management (IDM)and Transport Supply Management (TSM), each of which is prepared through the optimiZJltionapproadi and the development and amstruction of infrastructure networks and facilities is expectedto provide input in the formulation of development strategies in urban transportation major dties inIndonesia so that national transport polictj to get solutions that are comprehensive, sustai.nable andoriented in short term, medium term and long term. It also required the existence of network integrationservices and network infrastructure for delivery through the integration of route and schedule ofop?1'l1lion and arrangement of transportation fur the node to create a single F£amless service to serviceusers.Keywords: Urban Transportation, TDM, TSM

Kinds of urban transportation policy are used to overcome public transportation's problemin big cities. One of them is the development of public transportation based on railways.This policy has already implemented in J abodetabek as public transportation besides buses.The potency of J abodetabek railways development can be seen from the trends of passengersand land use patterns. In addition, the synergy of settlement area in cities and railwaysdevelopment can be seen as potency as well. The cooperation between PT.KA and privatecompanies has already exists and can be improved by considering the potency. The growthsof those settlements area refers to the regional planning which can take advantage fromthe railways track through on the area, conversely PT.KA will gain profit from the passengerswho stay in that area. This matter is explained in the study of The Synergy of UrbanRailways Network and Settlement Property conducted by Research and Development ofTransportation Agency in 2008.

T7re goal of electronic ticketing in commuter train Jabodetahek is to improving passenger services andoperator fermofmance. Nowdatjs, there are three level of KRL senrices such as Express AC, ACEconomic, and economic class so that it is difficu.lt to implement that program.T7te studt; will analyze tlte program of electronic ticketing implementation from operator and passengerside. Factor analyze is used to identifiJ the factors which influence electronic ticket implementation.T7te analysis result is grouped into utilihj, eficienetj, recharge, pm1ment medumism, sosialization andsafeh;.Implementation of electronic ticketing SIJStem need some requirements such as ticket design in accorda.nce with the tariff SIJStem, supporting both the Juzrdware components and software whidi Juzrdwareconsist of tickets, ticket machines and software, experimental phase, supennsion and maintenance.In addition, the people's respon or readiness of communihJ should be considered towardsimplementing electronic ticketing.Keyword: Electronic tikecting, Services, Cornrnutter train Jabodetabek.

Transportation safehJ a prominent issue lntely. 17iis research was conducted in order to obtnin adescription of perceptions and behmrior of the co1nnz11nihJ /consumers of the rail transport safety.Transport safety culture can be grown in a Wat} to strengthen the institutional, clarifiJ regulations,tighten supen1ision and strengthen prosecution/ enforcement. It also develops programs on activecommunihJ participation in maintaining the railwm; infrastructure.Tiiis research is using grrp analysis, where tire nnnlysis cnn he used to nzensure the let~l of publicawareness of safety. Tire analyses slzmued lnrgest miemge ml11e ndzieued In; the application of variable5 (seniice attributes), nnmely the instructions/ infomzntion on train schedules are eaSJ} to obtninfor 4.111 and the smallest average mlue on 26 variables (behavioral attributes), throwing objects intothe train fire that is equal to 2.526. While the largest m~age value for the benefit achieved lnj the 11variables (a ttributes of safety faci.lities), the signs warning! ban, amounting to 4.656 and the smallestmierage value on 29 variables (beluwioral attributes of people wlw perform activities in the landawned rai.lwm;s), such as selling the mlue of 2.436.Keywords: safeti;, rail transport, public perception.

On time perfomance refers to the level of service remaining on the published schedule by provider. On time performance is one of many factors to indicate KRL Jabodetabek service measurement.Therefore, the passengers of KRL Jabodetabek are not convenient because of delay. This paper calculated an time performance in KRL Jabodetabek far each rute of KRL Ekspress. The method of analysis and eval.uation used score of delay such as score 1; 0,75; 0,5; 0,25 and 0,1 for range delatj 0-9 minute, 10-19 minute, 20-29 minute, 30-39 minute and 39 minute, respectively. Therefore, on time performance far departure and arrival group are categorized very poor (0-20%), poor (21%-40%), enough (41%-60%), good (61%-80%) and ven; good (81%-100%) On time performance departure is better than on time performance arrival for whole result of on time performance analysis and evaluation in KRL Jabodetabek Express. The result of on time performance of Bekasi expres-shows the lower which is about 73,45% and Serpong expres represents the higger on time performance which is around 92,92%. Delay' s KRL is influenced by many factors such as queuing in entrance station in Gambir, Manggarai and Jatinegara station Queuing in those stations is the high factor of train delay in five mounths period such as 39% (Manggarai Station), 30% (Gambir Station) and 12% (Jatinegara Station). Another factor is internal factor of the train (9% ). Key words : KRL Jabodetabek Expres, KRL service, on time performance.

The simulation of travel management st;stem by vehicle emission consideration is using faur steps modeling. The congestion existed in cimahi city especially in peak periods c.aused btj the increasing the number of private c.ars. Based on the reasons, the study only considers private car passengers as mode of transportation that will be assigned in peak hour periods. To obtain the peak period result, the result of traffic assignment should be multiplied btj 10.5% for collector road and 9% for arterial road. The technique assignment is used user equilibrium and traffic assignment is run by using generalized cost. Generalized cost is c.alculated btj actual cost and -perceive cost (emission cost). CUBE software has been employed for this research to analyze traffic performance. CUBE software applies existing condition (base) and faur scenarios. The analysis will compare between the assignment with emission cost and the assignment without emission cost. Cimahi CihJ is study case for transportation improvements c.ause changes in the existing traffic network Therefore, The scenarios are built high side friction reduction on arterial road (scenario 1) and building ringroad (scenario 2). These changes analyzed is reduction of v/c ratio as well as length of congested links. The first analysis is v/c ratio reduction all of scenario which compared with base condition. The scenario 1 result create only 9 congested links with is the v/c ratio reduction of scenario btj assignment with emission cost is 29% and withour emission cost is 26%. and scenario 2 (26%). In additional , the second scenario result achieve the best scenario bec.ause the v/c ratio reduction without cost is 31 % with 6 congested links and assignment with emission cost is 26% with 2 congested links The result of both scenarios shJw that assignment with consideration vehicle emission cost more efektif because provide more v/c ratio reduction and number of congested link reductions. Key words: traffic assignment, private c.ar, peak hour, emission.

WOS: 000370465300010, PubMed ID: 26852516

Kebutuhan akan bandar udara di wilayah selatan Pulau Jawa dianggap sangat penting dalam mendukung kemajuan sosial ekonomi, mendukung poros maritim dunia dan mewujudkan nawa cita. Berdasarkan kriteria pembangunan bandar udara, Kabupaten Tulungagung paling memenuhi kriteria jika dibandingkan dengan kabupaten lainnya di wilayah selatan Pulau Jawa. Hasil studi pra FS diperoleh bahwa lokasi pembangunan bandara tersebut paling tepatnya di Kec Tanggungunung dan Kec. Besuki. Untuk itu, kajian ini dilakukan guna melihat konektivitas jaringan transportasi antarmoda, didasarkan pada aksesibilitas yang ada. Tujuan dari kajian adalah mengidentifikasi indeks aksesibilitas transportasi antarmoda terhadap rencana pembangunan bandara. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis aksesibilitas, analisis potensi demand, analisis pemetaan konektivitas untuk mengidentifikasi usulan pengembangan keterpaduan transportasi terhadap pembangunan bandar udara.Berdasakan analisis konektivitaas diperoleh usulan pengembangan jaringan angkutan umum yang menghubungkan Kabupaten Tulungagung dengan daerah sekitarnya dan keterhubungan inter kabupaten Tulungagung itu sendiri. Usulan konektivitas transportasi terdiri dari optimalisasi jaringan jalan yang menghubungkan Kecamatan Tanggunggunung - Kecamatan Besuki, Kecamatan Tanggunggunung – Kecamatan Bandung, Kecamatan Tanggunggunung – Kecamatan Rejotangan, Kecamatan Tangunggung – Kecamatan Ngantru; Optimalisasi jaringan trayek Optimalisasi jaringan pelayanan angkutan umum untuk trayek (A, B, O, OM2, OM1, E, L, J dan K); Penyediaan jaringan pelayanan angkutan umum dari Kecamatan Besuki - lokasi Bandar udara; Optimalisasi jaringan prasarana seperti terminal tipe A kec Tulungagung, terminal tipe C Kec Rejotangan, terminal tipe C Kec Ngantru, dan Terminal tipe C Kec Bandung; Optimalisasi Stasiun Tulungagung, Stasiun Rejotangan, dan Stasiun Ngunut; dan Penyediaan transfer center untuk mengurangi kemacetan di kawasan perkotaan Tulungagung di 3 lokasi yang terkoneksi dengan daerah sekitar Kab Tulungagung. Usulan untuk lokasi transfer center adalah Kec Bandung, Kec Rejotangan dan Kec Ngantru