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2. Coordination of photosynthetic traits across soil and climate gradients

Author

Westerband, A. C., Wright, I. J., Maire, V., Paillassa, J., Prentice, I. C., Atkin, O. K., Bloomfield, K. J., Cernusak, L. A., Dong, N., Gleason, S. M., Guilherme Pereira, C., Lambers, H., Leishman, M. R., Malhi, Y., Nolan, R. H., Westerband, A. C., Wright, I. J., Maire, V., Paillassa, J., Prentice, I. C., Atkin, O. K., Bloomfield, K. J., Cernusak, L. A., Dong, N., Gleason, S. M., Guilherme Pereira, C., Lambers, H., Leishman, M. R., Malhi, Y., and Nolan, R. H.

Abstract

“Least-cost theory” posits that C3 plants should balance rates of photosynthetic water loss and carboxylation in relation to the relative acquisition and maintenance costs of resources required for these activities. Here we investigated the dependency of photosynthetic traits on climate and soil properties using a new Australia-wide trait dataset spanning 528 species from 67 sites. We tested the hypotheses that plants on relatively cold or dry sites, or on relatively more fertile sites, would typically operate at greater CO2 drawdown (lower ratio of leaf internal to ambient CO2, Ci:Ca) during light-saturated photosynthesis, and at higher leaf N per area (Narea) and higher carboxylation capacity (Vcmax 25) for a given rate of stomatal conductance to water, gsw. These results would be indicative of plants having relatively higher water costs than nutrient costs. In general, our hypotheses were supported. Soil total phosphorus (P) concentration and (more weakly) soil pH exerted positive effects on the Narea-gsw and Vcmax 25-gsw slopes, and negative effects on Ci:Ca. The P effect strengthened when the effect of climate was removed via partial regression. We observed similar trends with increasing soil cation exchange capacity and clay content, which affect soil nutrient availability, and found that soil properties explained similar amounts of variation in the focal traits as climate did. Although climate typically explained more trait variation than soil did, together they explained up to 52% of variation in the slope relationships and soil properties explained up to 30% of the variation in individual traits. Soils influenced photosynthetic traits as well as their coordination. In particular, the influence of soil P likely reflects the Australia's geologically ancient low-relief landscapes with highly leached soils. Least-cost theory provides a valuable framework for understanding trade-offs between resource costs and use in plants, including limiting soil nutr

Published
2022

3. Leaf nitrogen from the perspective of optimal plant function

Author

Dong, N., Prentice, I. C., Wright, I. J., Wang, H., Atkin, O. K., Bloomfield, K. J., Domingues, T. F., Gleason, S. M., Maire, V., Onoda, Y., Poorter, H., Smith, N. G., Dong, N., Prentice, I. C., Wright, I. J., Wang, H., Atkin, O. K., Bloomfield, K. J., Domingues, T. F., Gleason, S. M., Maire, V., Onoda, Y., Poorter, H., and Smith, N. G.

Abstract

Leaf dry mass per unit area (LMA), carboxylation capacity (Vcmax) and leaf nitrogen per unit area (Narea) and mass (Nmass) are key traits for plant functional ecology and ecosystem modelling. There is however no consensus about how these traits are regulated, or how they should be modelled. Here we confirm that observed leaf nitrogen across species and sites can be estimated well from observed LMA and Vcmax at 25°C (Vcmax25). We then test the hypothesis that global variations of both quantities depend on climate variables in specific ways that are predicted by leaf-level optimality theory, thus allowing both Narea to be predicted as functions of the growth environment. A new global compilation of field measurements was used to quantify the empirical relationships of leaf N to Vcmax25 and LMA. Relationships of observed Vcmax25 and LMA to climate variables were estimated, and compared to independent theoretical predictions of these relationships. Soil effects were assessed by analysing biases in the theoretical predictions. LMA was the most important predictor of Narea (increasing) and Nmass (decreasing). About 60% of global variation across species and sites in observed Narea, and 31% in Nmass, could be explained by observed LMA and Vcmax25. These traits, in turn, were quantitatively related to climate variables, with significant partial relationships similar or indistinguishable from those predicted by optimality theory. Predicted trait values explained 21% of global variation in observed site-mean Vcmax25, 43% in LMA and 31% in Narea. Predicted Vcmax25 was biased low on clay-rich soils but predicted LMA was biased high, with compensating effects on Narea. Narea was overpredicted on organic soils. Synthesis. Global patterns of variation in observed site-mean Narea can be explained by climate-induced variations in optimal Vcmax25 and LMA. Leaf nitrogen should accordingly be modelled as a consequence (not a cause) of Vcmax25 and LMA, both being optimized to t

Published
2022

9. TRY plant trait database - enhanced coverage and open access

Author

Kattge, J, Bönisch, G, Díaz, S, Lavorel, S, Prentice, IC, Leadley, P, Tautenhahn, A, Werner, GDA, Aakala, T, Abedi, M, Acosta, ATR, Adamidis, GC, K, Adamson., Aiba, M, Albert, CH, Alcántara, JM, Alcázar, C, Aleixo, I, Ali, H, Amiaud, B, Ammer, C, Amoroso, MM, Anand, M, Anderson, C, Anten, N, Antos, J, Apgaua, DMG, Ashman, TL, Asmara, DH, Asner, GP, Aspinwall, M, Atkin, O, Aubin, I, Baastrup-Spohr, L, Bahalkeh, K, Bahn, M, Baker, T, Baker, WJ, Bakker, JP, Baldocchi, D, Baltzer, J, Banerjee, A, Baranger, A, Barlow, J, Barneche, DR, Baruch, Z, Bastianelli, D, Battles, J, Salguero-Gomez, R, and Terrestrial Ecology (TE)

Subjects
Access to Information, Ecology, Plan_S-Compliant-TA, international, food and beverages, Biodiversity, Plants, Ecosystem
Abstract

Plant traits-the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants-determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, and influence ecosystem properties and their benefits and detriments to people. Plant trait data thus represent the basis for a vast area of research spanning from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology, to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem and landscape management, restoration, biogeography and earth system modelling. Since its foundation in 2007, the TRY database of plant traits has grown continuously. It now provides unprecedented data coverage under an open access data policy and is the main plant trait database used by the research community worldwide. Increasingly, the TRY database also supports new frontiers of trait-based plant research, including the identification of data gaps and the subsequent mobilization or measurement of new data. To support this development, in this article we evaluate the extent of the trait data compiled in TRY and analyse emerging patterns of data coverage and representativeness. Best species coverage is achieved for categorical traits-almost complete coverage for 'plant growth form'. However, most traits relevant for ecology and vegetation modelling are characterized by continuous intraspecific variation and trait-environmental relationships. These traits have to be measured on individual plants in their respective environment. Despite unprecedented data coverage, we observe a humbling lack of completeness and representativeness of these continuous traits in many aspects. We, therefore, conclude that reducing data gaps and biases in the TRY database remains a key challenge and requires a coordinated approach to data mobilization and trait measurements. This can only be achieved in collaboration with other initiatives.

Published
2020

10. TRY plant trait database enhanced coverage and open access

Author

Kattge, J., Bönisch, G., Díaz, S., Lavorel, S., Prentice, I.C., Leadley, P., Tautenhahn, S., Werner, G.D.A., Aakala, T., Abedi, M., Acosta, A.T.R., Adamidis, G.C., Adamson, K., Aiba, M., Albert, C.H., Alcántara, J.M., Alcázar, C, C., Aleixo, I., Ali, H., Amiaud, B., Ammer, C., Amoroso, M.M., Anand, M., Anderson, C., Anten, N., Antos, J., Apgaua, D.M.G., Ashman, T.-L., Asmara, D.H., Asner, G.P., Aspinwall, M., Atkin, O., Aubin, I., Baastrup-Spohr, L., Bahalkeh, K., Bahn, M., Baker, T., Baker, W.J., Bakker, J.P., Baldocchi, D., Baltzer, J., Banerjee, A., Baranger, A., Barlow, J., Barneche, D.R., Baruch, Z., Bastianelli, D., Battles, J., Bauerle, W., Bauters, M., Bazzato, E., Beckmann, M., Beeckman, H., Beierkuhnlein, C., Bekker, R., Belfry, G., Belluau, M., Beloiu, M., Benavides, R., Benomar, L., Berdugo-Lattke, M.L., Berenguer, E., Bergamin, R., Bergmann, J., Bergmann, Carlucci, M., Berner, L., Bernhardt-Römermann, M., Bigler, C., Bjorkman, A.D., Blackman, C., Blanco, C., Blonder, B., Blumenthal, D., Bocanegra-González, K.T., Boeckx, P., Bohlman, S., Böhning-Gaese, K., Boisvert-Marsh, L., Bond, W., Bond-Lamberty, B., Boom, A., Boonman, C.C.F., Bordin, K., Boughton, E.H., Boukili, V., Bowman, D.M.J.S., Bravo, S., Brendel, M.R., Broadley, M.R., Brown, K.A., Bruelheide, H., Brumnich, F., Bruun, H.H., Bruy, D., Buchanan, S.W., Bucher, S.F., Buchmann, N., Buitenwerf, R., Bunker, D.E., Bürger, J., Burrascano, Sabina, Burslem, D.F.R.P., Butterfield, B.J., Byun, C., Marques, M., Scalon, M.C., Caccianiga, M., Cadotte, M., Cailleret, M., Camac, J., Camarero, J.J., Campany, C., Campetella, G., Campos Prieto, Juan Antonio, Cano-Arboleda, L., Canullo, R., Carbognani, M., Carvalho, F., Casanoves, F., Castagneyrol, B., Catford, J.A., Cavender-Bares, J., Cerabolini, Bruno E. L., Cervellini, M., Chacón-Madrigal, E., Chapin, K., Chapin, F.S., Chelli, S., Chen, S.-C., Chen, A., Cherubini, P., Chianucci, F., Choat, B., Chung, K.-S., Chytrý, Milan, Ciccarelli, D., Coll, L., Collins, C.G., Conti, L., Coomes, D., Cornelissen, J.H.C., Cornwell, W.K., Corona, P., Coyea, M., Craine, J., Craven, D., Cromsigt, J.P.G.M., Csecserits, A., Cufar, K., Cuntz, M., and da, Silva, A.C

Abstract

Plant traits the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, and influence ecosystem properties and their benefits and detriments to people. Plant trait data thus represent the basis for a vast area of research spanning from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology, to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem and landscape management, restoration, biogeography and earth system modelling. Since its foundation in 2007, the TRY database of plant traits has grown continuously. It now provides unprecedented data coverage under an open access data policy and is the main plant trait database used by the research community worldwide. Increasingly, the TRY database also supports new frontiers of trait-based plant research, including the identification of data gaps and the subsequent mobilization or measurement of new data. To support this development, in this article we evaluate the extent of the trait data compiled in TRY and analyse emerging patterns of data coverage and representativeness. Best species coverage is achieved for categorical traits almost complete coverage for plant growth form . However, most traits relevant for ecology and vegetation modelling are characterized by continuous intraspecific variation and trait environmental relationships. These traits have to be measured on individual plants in their respective environment. Despite unprecedented data coverage, we observe a humbling lack of completeness and representativeness of these continuous traits in many aspects. We, therefore, conclude that reducing data gaps and biases in the TRY database remains a key challenge and requires a coordinated approach to data mobilization and trait measurements. This can only be achieved in collaboration with other initiatives. © 2019 The Authors. Global Change Biology published by John Wiley and Sons Ltd

Published
2020

11. Traditional plant functional groups explain variation in economic but not size‐related traits across the tundra biome

Author

Thomas, H. J. (H. J. D.), Myers‐Smith, I. H. (I. H.), Bjorkman, A. D. (A. D.), Elmendorf, S. C. (S. C.), Blok, D. (D.), Cornelissen, J. H. (J. H. C.), Forbes, B. C. (B. C.), Hollister, R. D. (R. D.), Normand, S. (S.), Prevéy, J. S. (J. S.), Rixen, C. (C.), Schaepman‐Strub, G. (G.), Wilmking, M. (M.), Wipf, S. (S.), Cornwell, W. K. (W. K.), Kattge, J. (J.), Goetz, S. J. (S. J.), Guay, K. C. (K. C.), Alatalo, J. M. (J. M.), Anadon‐Rosell, A. (A.), Angers‐Blondin, S. (S.), Berner, L. T. (L. T.), Björk, R. G. (R. G.), Buchwal, A. (A.), Buras, A. (A.), Carbognani, M. (M.), Christie, K. (K.), Siegwart Collier, L. (L.), Cooper, E. J. (E. J.), Eskelinen, A. (A.), Frei, E. R. (E. R.), Grau, O. (O.), Grogan, P. (P.), Hallinger, M. (M.), Heijmans, M. M. (M. M. P. D.), Hermanutz, L. (L.), Hudson, J. M. (J. M. G.), Hülber, K. (K.), Iturrate‐Garcia, M. (M.), Iversen, C. M. (C. M.), Jaroszynska, F. (F.), Johnstone, J. F. (J. F.), Kaarlejärvi, E. (E.), Kulonen, A. (A.), Lamarque, L. J. (L. J.), Lévesque, E. (E.), Michelsen, A. (A.), Milbau, A. (A.), Nabe‐Nielsen, J. (J.), Nielsen, S. S. (S. S.), Ninot, J. M. (J. M.), Oberbauer, S. F. (S. F.), Olofsson, J. (J.), Onipchenko, V. G. (V. G.), Petraglia, A. (A.), Rumpf, S. B. (S. B.), Semenchuk, P. R. (P. R.), Soudzilovskaia, N. A. (N. A.), Spasojevic, M. J. (M. J.), Speed, J. D. (J. D. M.), Tape, K. D. (K. D.), te Beest, M. (M.), Tomaselli, M. (M.), Trant, A. (A.), Treier, U. A. (U. A.), Venn, S. (S.), Vowles, T. (T.), Weijers, S. (S.), Zamin, T. (T.), Atkin, O. K. (O. K.), Bahn, M. (M.), Blonder, B. (B.), Campetella, G. (G.), Cerabolini, B. E. (B. E. L.), Chapin III, F. S. (F. S.), Dainese, M. (M.), de Vries, F. T. (F. T.), Díaz, S. (S.), Green, W. (W.), Jackson, R. B. (R. B.), Manning, P. (P.), Niinemets, Ü. (Ü.), Ozinga, W. A. (W. A.), Peñuelas, J. (J.), Reich, P. B. (P. B.), Schamp, B. (B.), Sheremetev, S. (S.), and van Bodegom, P. M. (P. M.)

Subjects
vegetation change, plant traits, ecosystem function, food and beverages, tundra biome, community composition, plant functional types, plant functional groups, cluster analysis
Abstract

Aim: Plant functional groups are widely used in community ecology and earth system modelling to describe trait variation within and across plant communities. However, this approach rests on the assumption that functional groups explain a large proportion of trait variation among species. We test whether four commonly used plant functional groups represent variation in six ecologically important plant traits. Location: Tundra biome. Time period: Data collected between 1964 and 2016. Major taxa studied: 295 tundra vascular plant species. Methods: We compiled a database of six plant traits (plant height, leaf area, specific leaf area, leaf dry matter content, leaf nitrogen, seed mass) for tundra species. We examined the variation in species‐level trait expression explained by four traditional functional groups (evergreen shrubs, deciduous shrubs, graminoids, forbs), and whether variation explained was dependent upon the traits included in analysis. We further compared the explanatory power and species composition of functional groups to alternative classifications generated using post hoc clustering of species‐level traits. Results: Traditional functional groups explained significant differences in trait expression, particularly amongst traits associated with resource economics, which were consistent across sites and at the biome scale. However, functional groups explained 19% of overall trait variation and poorly represented differences in traits associated with plant size. Post hoc classification of species did not correspond well with traditional functional groups, and explained twice as much variation in species‐level trait expression. Main conclusions: Traditional functional groups only coarsely represent variation in well‐measured traits within tundra plant communities, and better explain resource economic traits than size‐related traits. We recommend caution when using functional group approaches to predict tundra vegetation change, or ecosystem functions relating to plant size, such as albedo or carbon storage. We argue that alternative classifications or direct use of specific plant traits could provide new insights for ecological prediction and modelling.

Published
2019

12. Traditional plant functional groups explain variation in economic but not size-related traits across the tundra biome

Author

Thomas, H. J. D., Myers-Smith, I. H., Bjorkman, A. D., Elmendorf, S. C., Blok, D., Cornelissen, J. H. C., Forbes, B. C., Hollister, R. D., Normand, S., Prevéy, J. S., Rixen, C., Schaepman-Strub, G., Wilmking, M., Wipf, S., Cornwell, W. K., Kattge, J., Goetz, S. J., Guay, K. C., Alatalo, J. M., Anadon-Rosell, A., Angers-Blondin, S., Berner, L. T., Björk, R. G., Buchwal, A., Buras, A., Carbognani, M., Christie, K., Siegwart Collier, L., Cooper, E. J., Eskelinen, A., Frei, E. R., Grau, O., Grogan, P., Hallinger, M., Heijmans, M. M. P. D., Hermanutz, L., Hudson, J. M. G., Hülber, K., Iturrate-Garcia, M., Iversen, C. M., Jaroszynska, F., Johnstone, J. F., Kaarlejärvi, E., Kulonen, A., Lamarque, L. J., Lévesque, E., Little, C. J., Michelsen, A., Milbau, A., Nabe-Nielsen, J., Nielsen, S. S., Ninot, J. M., Oberbauer, S. F., Olofsson, J., Onipchenko, V. G., Petraglia, A., Rumpf, S. B., Semenchuk, P. R., Soudzilovskaia, N. A., Spasojevic, M. J., Speed, J. D. M., Tape, K. D., te Beest, M., Tomaselli, M., Trant, A., Treier, U. A., Venn, S., Vowles, T., Weijers, S., Zamin, T., Atkin, O. K., Bahn, M., Blonder, B., Campetella, G., Cerabolini, B. E. L., Chapin III, F. S., Dainese, M., de Vries, F. T., Díaz, S., Green, W., Jackson, R. B., Manning, P., Niinemets, Ü., Ozinga, W. A., Peñuelas, J., Reich, P. B., Schamp, B., Sheremetev, S., van Bodegom, P. M., Spatial Ecology and Global Change, and Environmental Sciences

Subjects
vegetation change, plant traits, ecosystem function, food and beverages, tundra biome, community composition, plant functional types, plant functional groups, cluster analysis
Abstract

Aim Plant functional groups are widely used in community ecology and earth system modelling to describe trait variation within and across plant communities. However, this approach rests on the assumption that functional groups explain a large proportion of trait variation among species. We test whether four commonly used plant functional groups represent variation in six ecologically important plant traits. Location Tundra biome. Time period Data collected between 1964 and 2016. Major taxa studied 295 tundra vascular plant species. Methods We compiled a database of six plant traits (plant height, leaf area, specific leaf area, leaf dry matter content, leaf nitrogen, seed mass) for tundra species. We examined the variation in species-level trait expression explained by four traditional functional groups (evergreen shrubs, deciduous shrubs, graminoids, forbs), and whether variation explained was dependent upon the traits included in analysis. We further compared the explanatory power and species composition of functional groups to alternative classifications generated using post hoc clustering of species-level traits. Results Traditional functional groups explained significant differences in trait expression, particularly amongst traits associated with resource economics, which were consistent across sites and at the biome scale. However, functional groups explained 19% of overall trait variation and poorly represented differences in traits associated with plant size. Post hoc classification of species did not correspond well with traditional functional groups, and explained twice as much variation in species-level trait expression. Main conclusions Traditional functional groups only coarsely represent variation in well-measured traits within tundra plant communities, and better explain resource economic traits than size-related traits. We recommend caution when using functional group approaches to predict tundra vegetation change, or ecosystem functions relating to plant size, such as albedo or carbon storage. We argue that alternative classifications or direct use of specific plant traits could provide new insights for ecological prediction and modelling.

Published
2019

13. Session 17 Ecophysiology

Author

Aktan, N., Palavan-Ünsal, N., Andonov, A. V., Georgieva, K. M., Yordanov, I. T., Atanasiu, L., Petcu, E., Atkin, O. K., Barabás, N. K., Erdei, L., Baumann, J., Bader, K. P., Bayçu, G., Önal, M., Bock, C., Jacob, A., Mayer, A., Kirst, G. O., Borovsky, G., Voronova, L., Voinikov, V., Borowski, E., Kozlowska, L., Botos-Bálo, B., Váradi, Gy., Happ, I., Busuioc, V. M., Toma, S. I., Cabeza, C. E., Ledent, J. F., Chamont, S., Christov, C., Boshcova, M., Furnadzieva, S., Zafirova, T., Čiamporová, M., Banásová, V., Ouzounidou, G., Clement, Han, Van Hasselt, Philip R., De Gara, L., De Tullio, M. C., Paciolla, C., Stefani, A., Arrigoni, O., de Ramon, M., Reigosa, M. J., Doussi, M. A., Thanos, C. A., Fenik, S. I., Trofimyak, T. B., Blume, Ya. B., Fernandez-Pascual, M., De Lorenzo, C., De Felipe, M. R., Minchin, F. R., Gordon, A. J., Filonick, L. A., Frechilla, S., Royuela, M., Arrese-Igor, C., Aparicio-Tejo, P. M., Gabbrielli, R., Gremigni, P., Pandolfini, T., Gloser, J., Gloser, V., Goncharova, N. V., Sheverdov, V. V., Zhebrakova, I. V., Grakhov, V. P., Kozeko, V. G., Greger, M., Heyman, E., Grishko, V. N., Guglielminetti, L., Perata, P., Alpi, A., Gutterman, Yitzchak, Honour, S. J., Ihle, C., Laasch, H., Ivanova, T. I., Yudina, O. S., Kacperska, A., Kadis, C. C., Georghiou, K., Khilko, T. D., Klimov, S. V., Trunova, T. I., Kosakivska, L. V., Maidebura, E. V., Kostyuk, O. P., Mikheev, A. N., Kutlakhmedov, Yu. A., Kozlova, J. I., Reutsky, V. G., Kravetz, A. P., Pavlenco, Y. A., Kubacka, M., Kacperska, A., Kühn, F., Kuznetsov, Vladimir V., Landberg, T., Greger, M., Campos, P. S., Matos, M. C., Laureano, J. A., Ramalho, J. R., Guedes, M. E., Lidon, F. C., Laureano, J. A., Campos, P. S., Ramalho, J. R., Lidon, F. C., Guedes, M. E., Matos, M. C., Leina, G. D., Lopez-Carbonell, M., Prinsen, E., Pastor, A., Van Onckelen, H., Lösch, R., Zohlen, A., Gonzales, A., Jimenez, M. S., Morales, D., Aschan, G., Lütz, C., Kaiser, F., Masarovičová, E., Lux, A., Kobelová, G., Mattioni, C., Gabbrielli, R., Negru, P. V., Medvedeva, T. N., Tudorake, G. F., Newbery, R. M., Olah, R., Masarovičová, E., Ouzounidou, G., Čiamporová, M., Moustakas, M., Karataglis, S., Pedrol, N., Ramos, P., Reigosa, M. J., Peisker, M., Tichá, I., Václavík, J., Ostareck, D., Pfeffer, M., Peisker, M., Pons, T. L., Popović, M., Kevrešan, S., Kandrač, J., Kočiš, J., Štajner, D., Petrivić, N., Kastori, R., Popovicheva, L. A., Shevchenko, Y. B., Porankiewicz, J., Gwóźdź, E. A., Prokhnevsky, A. I., Ruchko, M. V., Sorochinsky, B. V., Sergeeva, A. Y., Kostyuk, O. P., Mikheev, A. N., Przymusiński, R., Rucińska, R., Gwóźdź, E. A., Pugnaire, F. I., Haase, P., Incoll, L. D., Clark, S. C., Pukacki, P. M., Radotić, K., Todorović, S., Zakrzewska, J., Jeremić, M., Ramos, P., Pedrol, N., Reigosa, M. J., Ruchko, M. V., Sorochinsky, B. V., Sakač, Z., Panković, D., Ćupina, T., Plesničar, M., Save, R., Biel, C., Pons, J., Massons, J., Scheuerlein, R., Treml, S., Thar, B., Tirlapur, U. K., Häder, D. -P., Schneider, J., Legocka, J., Winiarska, G., Schreiber, L., Shabala, S. N., Sheremetiev, S. N., Shtemenko, N. I., Sosak-Swiderska, B., Tyrawska, D., Mazurek, U., Stevanović, B., Šinžar, J., Glišić, O., Stroinski, A., Terbea, Maria, Micut, Gh., Titei, V., Thanos, C. A., Thibaud, M. C., Betsche, T., Tosserams, M., Visser, A. J., Groen, M. W., Kalis, G., Kwant, R., Magendans, E., Rozema, J., Tyrawska, D., Bajan, C., Popowska-Nowak, E., Grochala, K., Utrillas, M. J., Alegre, L., Van Den Boogaard, H. A. G. M., Alewijnse, D., Veneklaas, E. J., Lambers, H., Van Der Kooij, T. A. W., De Kok, L. J., Van Der Werf, Adrie, Bouma, Tjeerd, Scheurwater, Ingeborg, Lambers, Hans, Van Hasselt, P. R., Chow, W. S., Anderson, J. M., Vidal, D., Grau, D., Sanjose, M., Fleck, I., Villar, R., Merino, J., Vincze, G. Y., Vallner, J., Balazsy, S., Balogh, A., Kiss, F., Zaric, L. J., Stefanovic, L., Kerecki, B., Radosavljevic, M., Zivalyuk, O. B., and Filonick, I. A.

Published
1994
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17. Traditional plant functional groups explain variation in economic but not size-related traits across the tundra biome

Author

Spatial Ecology and Global Change, Environmental Sciences, Thomas, H. J. D., Myers-Smith, I. H., Bjorkman, A. D., Elmendorf, S. C., Blok, D., Cornelissen, J. H. C., Forbes, B. C., Hollister, R. D., Normand, S., Prevéy, J. S., Rixen, C., Schaepman-Strub, G., Wilmking, M., Wipf, S., Cornwell, W. K., Kattge, J., Goetz, S. J., Guay, K. C., Alatalo, J. M., Anadon-Rosell, A., Angers-Blondin, S., Berner, L. T., Björk, R. G., Buchwal, A., Buras, A., Carbognani, M., Christie, K., Siegwart Collier, L., Cooper, E. J., Eskelinen, A., Frei, E. R., Grau, O., Grogan, P., Hallinger, M., Heijmans, M. M. P. D., Hermanutz, L., Hudson, J. M. G., Hülber, K., Iturrate-Garcia, M., Iversen, C. M., Jaroszynska, F., Johnstone, J. F., Kaarlejärvi, E., Kulonen, A., Lamarque, L. J., Lévesque, E., Little, C. J., Michelsen, A., Milbau, A., Nabe-Nielsen, J., Nielsen, S. S., Ninot, J. M., Oberbauer, S. F., Olofsson, J., Onipchenko, V. G., Petraglia, A., Rumpf, S. B., Semenchuk, P. R., Soudzilovskaia, N. A., Spasojevic, M. J., Speed, J. D. M., Tape, K. D., te Beest, M., Tomaselli, M., Trant, A., Treier, U. A., Venn, S., Vowles, T., Weijers, S., Zamin, T., Atkin, O. K., Bahn, M., Blonder, B., Campetella, G., Cerabolini, B. E. L., Chapin III, F. S., Dainese, M., de Vries, F. T., Díaz, S., Green, W., Jackson, R. B., Manning, P., Niinemets, Ü., Ozinga, W. A., Peñuelas, J., Reich, P. B., Schamp, B., Sheremetev, S., van Bodegom, P. M., Spatial Ecology and Global Change, Environmental Sciences, Thomas, H. J. D., Myers-Smith, I. H., Bjorkman, A. D., Elmendorf, S. C., Blok, D., Cornelissen, J. H. C., Forbes, B. C., Hollister, R. D., Normand, S., Prevéy, J. S., Rixen, C., Schaepman-Strub, G., Wilmking, M., Wipf, S., Cornwell, W. K., Kattge, J., Goetz, S. J., Guay, K. C., Alatalo, J. M., Anadon-Rosell, A., Angers-Blondin, S., Berner, L. T., Björk, R. G., Buchwal, A., Buras, A., Carbognani, M., Christie, K., Siegwart Collier, L., Cooper, E. J., Eskelinen, A., Frei, E. R., Grau, O., Grogan, P., Hallinger, M., Heijmans, M. M. P. D., Hermanutz, L., Hudson, J. M. G., Hülber, K., Iturrate-Garcia, M., Iversen, C. M., Jaroszynska, F., Johnstone, J. F., Kaarlejärvi, E., Kulonen, A., Lamarque, L. J., Lévesque, E., Little, C. J., Michelsen, A., Milbau, A., Nabe-Nielsen, J., Nielsen, S. S., Ninot, J. M., Oberbauer, S. F., Olofsson, J., Onipchenko, V. G., Petraglia, A., Rumpf, S. B., Semenchuk, P. R., Soudzilovskaia, N. A., Spasojevic, M. J., Speed, J. D. M., Tape, K. D., te Beest, M., Tomaselli, M., Trant, A., Treier, U. A., Venn, S., Vowles, T., Weijers, S., Zamin, T., Atkin, O. K., Bahn, M., Blonder, B., Campetella, G., Cerabolini, B. E. L., Chapin III, F. S., Dainese, M., de Vries, F. T., Díaz, S., Green, W., Jackson, R. B., Manning, P., Niinemets, Ü., Ozinga, W. A., Peñuelas, J., Reich, P. B., Schamp, B., Sheremetev, S., and van Bodegom, P. M.

Published
2019

18. Mapping local and global variability in plant trait distributions

Author

BUTLER, E. E., DATTA, A., FLORES-MORENO, H., CHEN, M., WYTHERS, K. R., FAZAYELI, F., BANERJEE, A., ATKIN, O. K., KATTGE, J., AMIAUD, B., BLONDER, B., BOENISCH, G., BOND-LAMBERTY, B., BROWN, K. A., BYUN, C., CAMPETELLA, G., CERABOLINI, B. E. L., CORNELISSEN, J. H. C., CRAINE, J. M., CRAVEN, D., DE VRIES, F. T., DIAZ, S., DOMINGUES, T. F., FOREY, E., GONZALEZ-MELO, A., GROSS, N., HAN, W., HATTINGH, W. N., HICKLER, T., JANSEN, S., SOSINSKI JUNIOR, E. E., KRAMER, K., ETHAN E. BUTLER, ABHIRUP DATTA, HABACUC FLORES-MORENO, MING CHEN, KIRK R. WYTHERS, FARIDEH FAZAYELI, ARINDAM BANERJEE, OWEN K. ATKIN, JENS KATTGE, BERNARD AMIAUD, BENJAMIN BLONDER, GERHARD BOENISCH, BEN BOND-LAMBERTY, KERRY A. BROWN, CHAEHO BYUN, GIANDIEGO CAMPETELLA, BRUNO E. L. CERABOLINI, JOHANNES H. C. CORNELISSEN, JOSEPH M. CRAINE, DYLAN CRAVEN, FRANCISKA T. DE VRIES, SANDRA DIAZ, TOMAS F. DOMINGUES, ESTELLE FOREY, ANDR?ES GONZALEZ-MELO, NICOLAS GROSS, WENXUAN HAN, WESLEY N. HATTINGH, THOMAS HICKLER, STEVEN JANSEN, ENIO EGON SOSINSKI JUNIOR, CPACT, and KOEN KRAMER.

Subjects
Clima
Abstract

Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-16T23:25:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Enio2017PNAS2017ButlerE1093746.pdf: 2780433 bytes, checksum: 6961da4bb1493e231123f5627751b471 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-01-16

Published
2017

19. Traditional plant functional groups explain variation in economic but not size‐related traits across the tundra biome

Author

Thomas, H. J. D., primary, Myers‐Smith, I. H., additional, Bjorkman, A. D., additional, Elmendorf, S. C., additional, Blok, D., additional, Cornelissen, J. H. C., additional, Forbes, B. C., additional, Hollister, R. D., additional, Normand, S., additional, Prevéy, J. S., additional, Rixen, C., additional, Schaepman‐Strub, G., additional, Wilmking, M., additional, Wipf, S., additional, Cornwell, W. K., additional, Kattge, J., additional, Goetz, S. J., additional, Guay, K. C., additional, Alatalo, J. M., additional, Anadon‐Rosell, A., additional, Angers‐Blondin, S., additional, Berner, L. T., additional, Björk, R. G., additional, Buchwal, A., additional, Buras, A., additional, Carbognani, M., additional, Christie, K., additional, Siegwart Collier, L., additional, Cooper, E. J., additional, Eskelinen, A., additional, Frei, E. R., additional, Grau, O., additional, Grogan, P., additional, Hallinger, M., additional, Heijmans, M. M. P. D., additional, Hermanutz, L., additional, Hudson, J. M. G., additional, Hülber, K., additional, Iturrate‐Garcia, M., additional, Iversen, C. M., additional, Jaroszynska, F., additional, Johnstone, J. F., additional, Kaarlejärvi, E., additional, Kulonen, A., additional, Lamarque, L. J., additional, Lévesque, E., additional, Little, C. J., additional, Michelsen, A., additional, Milbau, A., additional, Nabe‐Nielsen, J., additional, Nielsen, S. S., additional, Ninot, J. M., additional, Oberbauer, S. F., additional, Olofsson, J., additional, Onipchenko, V. G., additional, Petraglia, A., additional, Rumpf, S. B., additional, Semenchuk, P. R., additional, Soudzilovskaia, N. A., additional, Spasojevic, M. J., additional, Speed, J. D. M., additional, Tape, K. D., additional, te Beest, M., additional, Tomaselli, M., additional, Trant, A., additional, Treier, U. A., additional, Venn, S., additional, Vowles, T., additional, Weijers, S., additional, Zamin, T., additional, Atkin, O. K., additional, Bahn, M., additional, Blonder, B., additional, Campetella, G., additional, Cerabolini, B. E. L., additional, Chapin III, F. S., additional, Dainese, M., additional, de Vries, F. T., additional, Díaz, S., additional, Green, W., additional, Jackson, R. B., additional, Manning, P., additional, Niinemets, Ü., additional, Ozinga, W. A., additional, Peñuelas, J., additional, Reich, P. B., additional, Schamp, B., additional, Sheremetev, S., additional, and van Bodegom, P. M., additional

Published
2018
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20. Phenotyping wheat photosynthesis using ‘Leaf Hyperspectral Reflectance’

Author

Khan, H.A., Gaju, O., Molero, G., Clarke, T., Reynolds, M., Atkin, O., Furbank, R.T., Evans, J.R., Khan, H.A., Gaju, O., Molero, G., Clarke, T., Reynolds, M., Atkin, O., Furbank, R.T., and Evans, J.R.

Abstract

Wheat is an important cereal crop contributing to global food security. Growing human population requires continuous increase in production. While increases in wheat yield gained by modifying harvest index have been fully exploited by plant breeders, improving photosynthesis has the potential to increase wheat yield. Due to a lack of efficient phenotyping methods for photosynthetic traits, it has been hard to explore photosynthetic variation and its genetic regulation. This has prevented the use of photosynthetic traits for crop improvement in wheat. We used ‘leaf hyperspectral reflectance’, a high-throughput phenotyping method, to predict multiple leaf photosynthetic traits in two wheat populations (Seri/Babax, and PSTails) grown at the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT, Mexico). Leaf reflectance spectra were measured on wheat plants at four different growth stages (tillering, booting, anthesis+7 days and grain-filling) from which nitrogen content per unit leaf area (Narea), leaf dry mass per unit leaf area, Rubisco capacity per unit area or nitrogen (Vcmax25, Vcmax25/Narea, respectively) and electron transport rate (J) were calculated. We observed significant variation for different photosynthetic traits among the genotypes of Seri/Babax and PSTails when measured at different growth stages, but rankings between genotypes were not consistent across different growth stages. The average predicted values for Vcmax25, J, and Vcmax25/Narea differed among different growth stages. For Seri/Babax and PSTails, predicted values for Vcmax25/Narea were highest at the tillering stage and lowest at the anthesis+7 stage. Further experiments are being conducted in both Australia and Mexico.

Published
2017

21. Drought-induced shoot dieback starts with massive root xylem embolism and variable depletion of nonstructural carbohydrates in seedlings of two tree species

Author

Cano, F. J. [0000-0001-5720-5865], Pita, Pilar [0000-0001-8238-5044], Rodríguez-Calcerrada, J., Li, M., López, Rosana, Cano, F. J., Oleksyn, J., Atkin, O. K., Pita, Pilar, Aranda García, Ismael, Gil, Luis, Cano, F. J. [0000-0001-5720-5865], Pita, Pilar [0000-0001-8238-5044], Rodríguez-Calcerrada, J., Li, M., López, Rosana, Cano, F. J., Oleksyn, J., Atkin, O. K., Pita, Pilar, Aranda García, Ismael, and Gil, Luis

Abstract

Combining hydraulic- and carbon-related measurements helps to understand drought-induced plant mortality. Here, we investigated the role that plant respiration (R) plays in determining carbon budgets under drought. We measured the hydraulic conductivity of stems and roots, and gas exchange and nonstructural carbohydrate (NSC) concentrations of leaves, stems and roots of seedlings of two resprouting species exposed to drought or well-watered conditions Ulmus minor (riparian tree) and Quercus ilex (dryland tree). With increasing water stress (occurring more rapidly in larger U. minor), declines in leaf, stem and root R were less pronounced than that in leaf net photosynthetic CO2 uptake (Pn). Daytime whole-plant carbon gain was negative below −4 and −6 MPa midday xylem water potential in U. minor and Q. ilex, respectively. Relative to controls, seedlings exhibiting shoot dieback suffered c. 80% loss of hydraulic conductivity in both species, and reductions in NSC concentrations in U. minor. Higher drought-induced depletion of NSC reserves in U. minor was related to higher plant R, faster stomatal closure, and premature leaf-shedding. Differences in drought resistance relied on the ability to maintain hydraulic conductivity during drought, rather than tolerating conductivity loss. Root hydraulic failure elicited shoot dieback and precluded resprouting without root NSC reserves being apparently limiting for R. © 2016 The Authors. New Phytologist © 2016 New Phytologist Trust

Published
2017

23. Global variability in leaf respiration in relation to climate, plant functional types and leaf traits

Author

Atkin, O., Bloomfield, K., Reich, P.B., Tjoelker, M.G., Asner, G., Bonal, D., Bönisch, G., Poorter, L., Atkin, O., Bloomfield, K., Reich, P.B., Tjoelker, M.G., Asner, G., Bonal, D., Bönisch, G., and Poorter, L.

Abstract

Leaf dark respiration (R-dark) is an important yet poorly quantified component of the global carbon cycle. Given this, we analyzed a new global database of R-dark and associated leaf traits. Data for 899 species were compiled from 100 sites (from the Arctic to the tropics). Several woody and nonwoody plant functional types (PFTs) were represented. Mixed-effects models were used to disentangle sources of variation in R-dark. Area-based R-dark at the prevailing average daily growth temperature (T) of each siteincreased only twofold from the Arctic to the tropics, despite a 20 degrees C increase in growing T (8-28 degrees C). By contrast, R-dark at a standard T (25 degrees C, R-dark(25)) was threefold higher in the Arctic than in the tropics, and twofold higher at arid than at mesic sites. Species and PFTs at cold sites exhibited higher R-dark(25) at a given photosynthetic capacity (V-cmax(25)) or leaf nitrogen concentration ([N]) than species at warmer sites. R-dark(25) values at any given V-cmax(25) or [N] were higher in herbs than in woody plants. The results highlight variation in R-dark among species and across global gradients in T and aridity. In addition to their ecological significance, the results provide a framework for improving representation of R-dark in terrestrial biosphere models (TBMs) and associated land-surface components of Earth system models (ESMs).

Published
2015

24. TRY - a global database of plant traits

Author

Kattge J, Díaz S, Lavorel S, Ic, Prentice, Leadley P, Bönisch G, Garnier E, Westoby M, Pb, Reich, Ij, Wright, Jhc, Cornelissen, Violle C, Sp, Harrison, Pm, Bodegom, Reichstein M, Bj, Enquist, Na, Soudzilovskaia, Dd, Ackerly, Anand M, Atkin O, Bahn M, Tr, Baker, Baldocchi D, Bekker R, Cc, Blanco, Blonder B, Wj, Bond, Bradstock R, Bunker DE, Casanoves F, Cavender-Bares J, Jq, Chambers, Fs Iii, Chapin, Chave J, Coomes D, Wk, Cornwell, Jm, Craine, Bh, Dobrin, Duarte L, Durka W, Elser J, Esser G, Estiarte M, Wf, Fagan, Fang J, Fernández-Méndez F, Fidelis A, Finegan B, Flores O, Ford H, Frank D, Gt, Freschet, Nm, Fyllas, Rv, Gallagher, Wa, Green, Ag, Gutierrez, Hickler T, Si, Higgins, Jg, Hodgson, Jalili A, Jansen S, Ca, Joly, Aj, Kerkhoff, Kirkup D, Kitajima K, Kleyer M, Klotz S, Jmh, Knops, Kramer K, Kühn I, Kurokawa H, Laughlin D, Td, Lee, Leishman M, Lens F, Lenz T, Sl, Lewis, Lloyd J, Llusià J, Louault F, Ma S, Md, Mahecha, Manning P, Massad T, Be, Medlyn, Messier J, At, Moles, Sc, Müller, Nadrowski K, Naeem S, Ülo Niinemets, Nöllert S, Nüske A, Ogaya R, Oleksyn J, Vg, Onipchenko, Onoda Y, Ordoñez J, Overbeck G, Wa, Ozinga, Patiño S, Paula S, Jg, Pausas, Peñuelas J, Ol, Phillips, Pillar V, Poorter H, Poorter L, Poschlod P, Prinzing A, Proulx R, Rammig A, Reinsch S, Reu B, Sack L, Salgado-Negret B, Sardans J, Shiodera S, Shipley B, Siefert A, Sosinski E, Soussana J, Swaine E, Swenson N, Thompson K, Thornton P, Waldram M, Weiher E, White M, White S, Sj, Wright, Yguel B, Zaehle S, Ae, Zanne, and Wirth C

Subjects
SUB-ARCTIC FLORA, environmental gradient, HAWAIIAN METROSIDEROS-POLYMORPHA, plant trait, TROPICAL RAIN-FOREST, Original Articles, global analysis, functional diversity, OLD-FIELD SUCCESSION, plant attribute, vegetation model, WIDE-RANGE, FUNCTIONAL TRAITS, intraspecific variation, ddc:570, comparative ecology, LEAF ECONOMICS SPECTRUM, interspecific variation, plant functional type, RELATIVE GROWTH-RATE, LITTER DECOMPOSITION RATES, TERRESTRIAL BIOSPHERE, database, global change
Abstract

Plant traits – the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants and their organs – determine how primary producers respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, influence ecosystem processes and services and provide a link from species richness to ecosystem functional diversity. Trait data thus represent the raw material for a wide range of research from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology to biogeography. Here we present the global database initiative named TRY, which has united a wide range of the plant trait research community worldwide and gained an unprecedented buy-in of trait data: so far 93 trait databases have been contributed. The data repository currently contains almost three million trait entries for 69 000 out of the world’s 300 000 plant species, with a focus on 52 groups of traits characterizing the vegetative and regeneration stages of the plant life cycle, including growth, dispersal, establishment and persistence. A first data analysis shows that most plant traits are approximately log-normally distributed, with widely differing ranges of variation across traits. Most trait variation is between species (interspecific), but significant intraspecific variation is also documented, up to 40% of the overall variation. Plant functional types (PFTs), as commonly used in vegetation models, capture a substantial fraction of the observed variation – but for several traits most variation occurs within PFTs, up to 75% of the overall variation. In the context of vegetation models these traits would better be represented by state variables rather than fixed parameter values. The improved availability of plant trait data in the unified global database is expected to support a paradigm shift from species to trait-based ecology, offer new opportunities for synthetic plant trait research and enable a more realistic and empirically grounded representation of terrestrial vegetation in Earth system models.

Published
2011

25. TRY: a global database of plant traits

Author

Kattge, J., Diaz, S., Lavorel, S., Prentice, I. C., Leadley, P., Bonisch, G., Garnier, E., Westoby, M., Reich, P. B., Wright, I. J., Cornelissen, J. H. C., Violle, C., Harrison, S. P., van Bodegom, P. M., Reichstein, M., Soudzilovskaia, N. A., Ackerly, D. D., Anand, M., Atkin, O., Bahn, M., Baker, T. R., Baldocchi, D., Bekker, R., Blanco, C., Blonder, B., Bond, W., Bradstock, R., Bunker, D. E., Casanoves, F., Cavender-Bares, J., Chambers, J., Chapin, F. S., Chave, J., Coomes, D., Cornwell, W. K., Craine, J. M., Dobrin, B. H., Durka, W., Elser, J., Enquist, B. J., Esser, G., Estiarte, M., Fagan, W. F., Fang, J., Fernandez, F., Fidelis, A., Finegan, B., Flores, O., Ford, H., Frank, D., Freschet, G. T., Fyllas, N. M., Gallagher, R., Green, W., Gutierrez, A. G., Hickler, T., Higgins, S., Hodgson, J. G., Jalili, A., Jansen, S., Kerkhoff, A. J., Kirkup, D., Kitajima, K., Kleyer, M., Klotz, S., Knops, J. M. H., Kramer, K., Kuhn, I., Kurokawa, H., Laughlin, D., Lee, T. D., Leishman, M., Lens, F., Lenz, T., Lewis, S. L., Lloyd, J., Llusia, J., Louault, F., Ma, S., Mahecha, M. D., Manning, P., Massad, T., Medlyn, B., Messier, J., Moles, A., Muller, S., Nadrowski, K., Naeem, S., Niinemets, U., Nollert, S., Nuske, A., Ogaya, R., Joleksyn, J., Onipchenko, V. G., Onoda, Y., Ordonez, J., Overbeck, G., Ozinga, W., Patino, S., Paula, S., Pausas, J. G., Penuelas, J., Phillips, O. L., Pillar, V., Poorter, H., Poorter, L., Poschlod, P., Proulx, R., Rammig, A., Reinsch, S., Reu, B., Sack, L., Salgado, B., Sardans, J., Shiodera, S., Shipley, B., Sosinski, E., Soussana, J.-F., Swaine, E., Swenson, N., Thompson, K., Thornton, P., Waldram, M., Weiher, E., White, M., Wright, S. J., Zaehle, S., Zanne, A. E., and Wirth, C.

Abstract

Plant traits – the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants and their organs – determine how primary producers respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, influence ecosystem processes and services and provide a link from species richness to ecosystem functional diversity. Trait data thus represent the raw material for a wide range of research from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology to biogeography. Here we present the global database initiative named TRY, which has united a wide range of the plant trait research community worldwide and gained an unprecedented buy-in of trait data: so far 93 trait databases have been contributed. The data repository currently contains almost three million trait entries for 69 000 out of the world's 300 000 plant species, with a focus on 52 groups of traits characterizing the vegetative and regeneration stages of the plant life cycle, including growth, dispersal, establishment and persistence. A first data analysis shows that most plant traits are approximately log-normally distributed, with widely differing ranges of variation across traits. Most trait variation is between species (interspecific), but significant intraspecific variation is also documented, up to 40% of the overall variation. Plant functional types (PFTs), as commonly used in vegetation models, capture a substantial fraction of the observed variation – but for several traits most variation occurs within PFTs, up to 75% of the overall variation. In the context of vegetation models these traits would better be represented by state variables rather than fixed parameter values. The improved availability of plant trait data in the unified global database is expected to support a paradigm shift from species to trait-based ecology, offer new opportunities for synthetic plant trait research and enable a more realistic and empirically grounded representation of terrestrial vegetation in Earth system models.

Published
2011

27. Thermal acclimation of leaf and root respiration: an investigation comparing inherently fast- and slow-growing plant species

Author

Loveys, B. R., Atkinson, L. J., Sherlock, D. J., Roberts, R. L., Fitter, A. H., and Atkin, O. K.

Abstract

We investigated the extent to which leaf and root respiration W differ in their response to short- and long-term changes in temperature in several contrasting plant species (herbs, grasses, shrubs and trees) that differ in inherent relative growth rate (RGR, increase in mass per unit starting mass and time). Two experiments were conducted using hydroponically grown plants. In the long-term (LT) acclimation experiment, 16 species were grown at constant 18,23 and 28degreesC. In the short-term (ST) acclimation experiment, 9 of those species were grown at 25/20degreesC (day/night) and then shifted to a 15/10degreesC for 7 days. Short-term Q(10) values (proportional change in R per 10degreesC) and the degree of acclimation to. longer-term changes in temperature were compared. The effect of growth temperature on root and leaf soluble sugar and nitrogen concentrations was examined. Light-saturated photosynthesis (A(sat)) was also measured in the LT acclimation experiment. Our results show that Q(10) values and the degree of acclimation are highly variable amongst species and that roots exhibit lower Q(10) values than leaves over the 15-25degreesC measurement temperature range. Differences in RGR or concentrations of soluble sugars/nitrogen could not account for the inter-specific differences in the Q(10) or degree of acclimation. There were no systematic differences in the ability of roots and leaves to acclimate when plants developed under contrasting temperatures (LT acclimation). However, acclimation was greater in both leaves and roots that developed at the growth temperature (LT acclimation) than in pre-existing leaves and roots shifted from one temperature to another (ST acclimation). The balance between leaf R and A(sat) was maintained in plants grown at different temperatures, regardless of their inherent relative growth rate. We conclude that there is tight coupling between the respiratory acclimation and the temperature under which leaves and roots developed and that acclimation plays an important role in determining the relationship between respiration and photosynthesis.

Published
2003

28. TRY: a global database of plant traits

Author

Bradstock, Ross A, Ma, S, Fang, J, van Bodegom, P M, Reichstein, M, Lavorel, S, Blanco, C, Soudzilovskaia, N A, Prentice, I C, Cornelissen, J H C, Baldocchi, D, Violle, C, Bahn, M, Garnier, E, Atkin, O, Reich, P B, Westoby, M, Ackerly, D D, Leadley, P, Bond, W, Kattge, J, Blonder, B, Wright, I J, Diaz, S, Bonisch, G, Anand, M, Harrison, S P, Wright, S J, Zanne, A E, Wirth, C, White, S, Yguel, B, Weiher, E, Zaehle, S, White, M, Baker, T, Bekker, R, Enquist, B, Sosinski, E, Soussana, J F, Waldram, M, Thompson, K, Swenson, A, Thornton, P, Swaine, E, Moles, A T, Manning, P, Naeem, S, Medlyn, B E, Massad, T, Messier, J, Muller, S C, Nadrowski, K, Mahecha, M D, Ogaya, R, Onipchenko, V G, Ozinga, W A, Oleksyn, J, Onoda, Y, Patino, S, Nollert, S, Ordonez, J, Niimemets, U, Nuske, A, Overbeck, G, Pillar, V, Poschlod, P, Paula, S, Penuelas, J, Phillips, O L, Poorter, H, Poorter, L, Prinzing, A, Pausas, J G, Salgado-Negret, B, Reu, B, Reinsch, S, Rammig, A, Sardans, J, Siefert, A, Proulx, R, Sack, L, Shipley, B, Shiodera, S, Chambers, J, Chave, J, Chapin, F, Casanoves, F, Cavender-Bares, J, Bunker, D, Coomes, D, Craine, J M, Cornwell, W K, Dobrin, B H, Esser, G, Durka, W, Elser, J, Estiarte, M, Duarte, L, Fernandez-Mendez, F, Fagan, W F, Ford, H, Flores, O, Finegan, B, Fidelis, A, Frank, D, Gallaghers, R V, Green, W A, Freschet, G T, Gutierrez, A G, Fyllas, N M, Jalili, A, Hodgson, J G, Higgins, S I, Hickler, T, Jansen, S, Kramer, K, Kirkup, D, Knops, J M H, Kleyer, M, Klotz, S, Joly, C A, Kitajima, K, Khun, I, Kerkhoff, A J, Kurokawa, H, Llusia, J, Laughlin, D, Lenz, T, Lee, T D, Lewis, S L, Lloyd, J, Leishman, M, Lens, F, Louault, F, Bradstock, Ross A, Ma, S, Fang, J, van Bodegom, P M, Reichstein, M, Lavorel, S, Blanco, C, Soudzilovskaia, N A, Prentice, I C, Cornelissen, J H C, Baldocchi, D, Violle, C, Bahn, M, Garnier, E, Atkin, O, Reich, P B, Westoby, M, Ackerly, D D, Leadley, P, Bond, W, Kattge, J, Blonder, B, Wright, I J, Diaz, S, Bonisch, G, Anand, M, Harrison, S P, Wright, S J, Zanne, A E, Wirth, C, White, S, Yguel, B, Weiher, E, Zaehle, S, White, M, Baker, T, Bekker, R, Enquist, B, Sosinski, E, Soussana, J F, Waldram, M, Thompson, K, Swenson, A, Thornton, P, Swaine, E, Moles, A T, Manning, P, Naeem, S, Medlyn, B E, Massad, T, Messier, J, Muller, S C, Nadrowski, K, Mahecha, M D, Ogaya, R, Onipchenko, V G, Ozinga, W A, Oleksyn, J, Onoda, Y, Patino, S, Nollert, S, Ordonez, J, Niimemets, U, Nuske, A, Overbeck, G, Pillar, V, Poschlod, P, Paula, S, Penuelas, J, Phillips, O L, Poorter, H, Poorter, L, Prinzing, A, Pausas, J G, Salgado-Negret, B, Reu, B, Reinsch, S, Rammig, A, Sardans, J, Siefert, A, Proulx, R, Sack, L, Shipley, B, Shiodera, S, Chambers, J, Chave, J, Chapin, F, Casanoves, F, Cavender-Bares, J, Bunker, D, Coomes, D, Craine, J M, Cornwell, W K, Dobrin, B H, Esser, G, Durka, W, Elser, J, Estiarte, M, Duarte, L, Fernandez-Mendez, F, Fagan, W F, Ford, H, Flores, O, Finegan, B, Fidelis, A, Frank, D, Gallaghers, R V, Green, W A, Freschet, G T, Gutierrez, A G, Fyllas, N M, Jalili, A, Hodgson, J G, Higgins, S I, Hickler, T, Jansen, S, Kramer, K, Kirkup, D, Knops, J M H, Kleyer, M, Klotz, S, Joly, C A, Kitajima, K, Khun, I, Kerkhoff, A J, Kurokawa, H, Llusia, J, Laughlin, D, Lenz, T, Lee, T D, Lewis, S L, Lloyd, J, Leishman, M, Lens, F, and Louault, F

Abstract

Plant traits the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants andtheir organs determine how primary producers respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels,influence ecosystem processes and services and provide a link from species richness to ecosystem functional diversity.Trait data thus represent the raw material for a wide range of research from evolutionary biology, community andfunctional ecology to biogeography. Here we present the global database initiative named TRY, which has united awide range of the plant trait research community worldwide and gained an unprecedented buy-in of trait data: so far93 trait databases have been contributed. The data repository currently contains almost three million trait entries for69 000 out of the worlds 300 000 plant species, with a focus on 52 groups of traits characterizing the vegetative andregeneration stages of the plant life cycle, including growth, dispersal, establishment and persistence. A first dataanalysis shows that most plant traits are approximately log-normally distributed, with widely differing ranges ofvariation across traits. Most trait variation is between species (interspecific), but significant intraspecific variation isalso documented, up to 40% of the overall variation. Plant functional types (PFTs), as commonly used in vegetationmodels, capture a substantial fraction of the observed variation but for several traits most variation occurs withinPFTs, up to 75% of the overall variation. In the context of vegetation models these traits would better be represented bystate variables rather than fixed parameter values. The improved availability of plant trait data in the unified globaldatabase is expected to support a paradigm shift from species to trait-based ecology, offer new opportunities forsynthetic plant trait research and enable a more realistic and empirically grounded representation of terrestrialvegetation in Earth system models

Published
2011

46. N[sub 2] fixation byAcacia species increases under elevated atmospheric CO[sub 2].

Author

Schortemeyer, M, Atkin, O. K, McFarlane, N, and Evans, J. R

Subjects
*NITROGEN fixation, *ACACIA, *ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide
Abstract

In the present study the effect of elevated CO[sub 2] on growth and nitrogen fixation of seven Australian Acacia species was investigated. Two species from semi-arid environments in central Australia (Acacia aneura and A. tetragonophylla) and five species from temperate south-eastern Australia (Acacia irrorata, A. mearnsii, A. dealbata, A. implexa and A. melanoxylon) were grown for up to 148 d in controlled greenhouse conditions at either ambient (350 µmol mol[sup -1]) or elevated (700 µmol mol[sup -1]) CO[sub 2] concentrations. After establishment of nodules, the plants were completely dependent on symbiotic nitrogen fixation. Six out of seven species had greater relative growth rates and lower whole plant nitrogen concentrations under elevated versus normal CO[sub 2]. Enhanced growth resulted in an increase in the amount of nitrogen fixed symbiotically for five of the species. In general, this was the consequence of lower whole-plant nitrogen concentrations, which equate to a larger plant and greater nodule mass for a given amount of nitrogen. Since the average amount of nitrogen fixed per unit nodule mass was unaltered by atmospheric CO[sub 2], more nitrogen could be fixed for a given amount of plant nitrogen. For three of the species, elevated CO[sub 2] increased the rate of nitrogen fixation per unit nodule mass and time, but this was completely offset by a reduction in nodule mass per unit plant mass. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2002
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47. Leaf respiration of snow gum in the light and dark. Interactions between temperature and irradiance.

Author

Atkin, O K, Evans, J R, Ball, M C, Lambers, H, and Pons, T L

Abstract

We investigated the effect of temperature and irradiance on leaf respiration (R, non-photorespiratory mitochondrial CO(2) release) of snow gum (Eucalyptus pauciflora Sieb. ex Spreng). Seedlings were hydroponically grown under constant 20 degrees C, controlled-environment conditions. Measurements of R (using the Laisk method) and photosynthesis (at 37 Pa CO(2)) were made at several irradiances (0-2,000 micromol photons m(-2) s(-1)) and temperatures (6 degrees C-30 degrees C). At 15 degrees C to 30 degrees C, substantial inhibition of R occurred at 12 micromol photons m(-2) s(-1), with maximum inhibition occurring at 100 to 200 micromol photons m(-2) s(-1). Higher irradiance had little additional effect on R at these moderate temperatures. The irradiance necessary to maximally inhibit R at 6 degrees C to 10 degrees C was lower than that at 15 degrees C to 30 degrees C. Moreover, although R was inhibited by low irradiance at 6 degrees C to 10 degrees C, it recovered with progressive increases in irradiance. The temperature sensitivity of R was greater in darkness than under bright light. At 30 degrees C and high irradiance, light-inhibited rates of R represented 2% of gross CO(2) uptake (v(c)), whereas photorespiratory CO(2) release was approximately 20% of v(c). If light had not inhibited leaf respiration at 30 degrees C and high irradiance, R would have represented 11% of v(c). Variations in light inhibition of R can therefore have a substantial impact on the proportion of photosynthesis that is respired. We conclude that the rate of R in the light is highly variable, being dependent on irradiance and temperature.

Published
2000
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