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1. Temperature responses of ecosystem respiration

Author

Niu, Shuli, Chen, Weinan, Liáng, Lìyǐn L., Sierra, Carlos A., Xia, Jianyang, Wang, Song, Heskel, Mary, Patel, Kaizad F., Bond-Lamberty, Ben, Wang, Jinsong, Yvon-Durocher, Gabriel, Kirschbaum, Miko U. F., Atkin, Owen K., Huang, Yuanyuan, Yu, Guirui, and Luo, Yiqi

Published
2024
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2. The global spectrum of plant form and function: enhanced species-level trait dataset.

Author

Díaz, Sandra, Kattge, Jens, Cornelissen, Johannes HC, Wright, Ian J, Lavorel, Sandra, Dray, Stéphane, Reu, Björn, Kleyer, Michael, Wirth, Christian, Prentice, I Colin, Garnier, Eric, Bönisch, Gerhard, Westoby, Mark, Poorter, Hendrik, Reich, Peter B, Moles, Angela T, Dickie, John, Zanne, Amy E, Chave, Jérôme, Wright, S Joseph, Sheremetiev, Serge N, Jactel, Hervé, Baraloto, Christopher, Cerabolini, Bruno EL, Pierce, Simon, Shipley, Bill, Casanoves, Fernando, Joswig, Julia S, Günther, Angela, Falczuk, Valeria, Rüger, Nadja, Mahecha, Miguel D, Gorné, Lucas D, Amiaud, Bernard, Atkin, Owen K, Bahn, Michael, Baldocchi, Dennis, Beckmann, Michael, Blonder, Benjamin, Bond, William, Bond-Lamberty, Ben, Brown, Kerry, Burrascano, Sabina, Byun, Chaeho, Campetella, Giandiego, Cavender-Bares, Jeannine, Chapin, F Stuart, Choat, Brendan, Coomes, David Anthony, Cornwell, William K, Craine, Joseph, Craven, Dylan, Dainese, Matteo, de Araujo, Alessandro Carioca, de Vries, Franciska T, Domingues, Tomas Ferreira, Enquist, Brian J, Fagúndez, Jaime, Fang, Jingyun, Fernández-Méndez, Fernando, Fernandez-Piedade, Maria T, Ford, Henry, Forey, Estelle, Freschet, Gregoire T, Gachet, Sophie, Gallagher, Rachael, Green, Walton, Guerin, Greg R, Gutiérrez, Alvaro G, Harrison, Sandy P, Hattingh, Wesley Neil, He, Tianhua, Hickler, Thomas, Higgins, Steven I, Higuchi, Pedro, Ilic, Jugo, Jackson, Robert B, Jalili, Adel, Jansen, Steven, Koike, Fumito, König, Christian, Kraft, Nathan, Kramer, Koen, Kreft, Holger, Kühn, Ingolf, Kurokawa, Hiroko, Lamb, Eric G, Laughlin, Daniel C, Leishman, Michelle, Lewis, Simon, Louault, Frédérique, Malhado, Ana CM, Manning, Peter, Meir, Patrick, Mencuccini, Maurizio, Messier, Julie, Miller, Regis, Minden, Vanessa, Molofsky, Jane, and Montgomery, Rebecca

Abstract

Here we provide the 'Global Spectrum of Plant Form and Function Dataset', containing species mean values for six vascular plant traits. Together, these traits -plant height, stem specific density, leaf area, leaf mass per area, leaf nitrogen content per dry mass, and diaspore (seed or spore) mass - define the primary axes of variation in plant form and function. The dataset is based on ca. 1 million trait records received via the TRY database (representing ca. 2,500 original publications) and additional unpublished data. It provides 92,159 species mean values for the six traits, covering 46,047 species. The data are complemented by higher-level taxonomic classification and six categorical traits (woodiness, growth form, succulence, adaptation to terrestrial or aquatic habitats, nutrition type and leaf type). Data quality management is based on a probabilistic approach combined with comprehensive validation against expert knowledge and external information. Intense data acquisition and thorough quality control produced the largest and, to our knowledge, most accurate compilation of empirically observed vascular plant species mean traits to date.

Published
2022

4. AusTraits, a curated plant trait database for the Australian flora

Author

Falster, Daniel, Gallagher, Rachael, Wenk, Elizabeth H, Wright, Ian J, Indiarto, Dony, Andrew, Samuel C, Baxter, Caitlan, Lawson, James, Allen, Stuart, Fuchs, Anne, Monro, Anna, Kar, Fonti, Adams, Mark A, Ahrens, Collin W, Alfonzetti, Matthew, Angevin, Tara, Apgaua, Deborah MG, Arndt, Stefan, Atkin, Owen K, Atkinson, Joe, Auld, Tony, Baker, Andrew, von Balthazar, Maria, Bean, Anthony, Blackman, Chris J, Bloomfield, Keith, Bowman, David MJS, Bragg, Jason, Brodribb, Timothy J, Buckton, Genevieve, Burrows, Geoff, Caldwell, Elizabeth, Camac, James, Carpenter, Raymond, Catford, Jane A, Cawthray, Gregory R, Cernusak, Lucas A, Chandler, Gregory, Chapman, Alex R, Cheal, David, Cheesman, Alexander W, Chen, Si-Chong, Choat, Brendan, Clinton, Brook, Clode, Peta L, Coleman, Helen, Cornwell, William K, Cosgrove, Meredith, Crisp, Michael, Cross, Erika, Crous, Kristine Y, Cunningham, Saul, Curran, Timothy, Curtis, Ellen, Daws, Matthew I, DeGabriel, Jane L, Denton, Matthew D, Dong, Ning, Du, Pengzhen, Duan, Honglang, Duncan, David H, Duncan, Richard P, Duretto, Marco, Dwyer, John M, Edwards, Cheryl, Esperon-Rodriguez, Manuel, Evans, John R, Everingham, Susan E, Farrell, Claire, Firn, Jennifer, Fonseca, Carlos Roberto, French, Ben J, Frood, Doug, Funk, Jennifer L, Geange, Sonya R, Ghannoum, Oula, Gleason, Sean M, Gosper, Carl R, Gray, Emma, Groom, Philip K, Grootemaat, Saskia, Gross, Caroline, Guerin, Greg, Guja, Lydia, Hahs, Amy K, Harrison, Matthew Tom, Hayes, Patrick E, Henery, Martin, Hochuli, Dieter, Howell, Jocelyn, Huang, Guomin, Hughes, Lesley, Huisman, John, Ilic, Jugoslav, Jagdish, Ashika, Jin, Daniel, Jordan, Gregory, Jurado, Enrique, Kanowski, John, and Kasel, Sabine

Subjects
Plant Biology, Biological Sciences, Ecology, Australia, Databases, Factual, Phenotype, Plant Physiological Phenomena, Plants
Abstract

We introduce the AusTraits database - a compilation of values of plant traits for taxa in the Australian flora (hereafter AusTraits). AusTraits synthesises data on 448 traits across 28,640 taxa from field campaigns, published literature, taxonomic monographs, and individual taxon descriptions. Traits vary in scope from physiological measures of performance (e.g. photosynthetic gas exchange, water-use efficiency) to morphological attributes (e.g. leaf area, seed mass, plant height) which link to aspects of ecological variation. AusTraits contains curated and harmonised individual- and species-level measurements coupled to, where available, contextual information on site properties and experimental conditions. This article provides information on version 3.0.2 of AusTraits which contains data for 997,808 trait-by-taxon combinations. We envision AusTraits as an ongoing collaborative initiative for easily archiving and sharing trait data, which also provides a template for other national or regional initiatives globally to fill persistent gaps in trait knowledge.

Published
2021

8. Addressing Research Bottlenecks to Crop Productivity

Author

Reynolds, Matthew, Atkin, Owen K., Bennett, Malcolm, Cooper, Mark, Dodd, Ian C., Foulkes, M. John, Frohberg, Claus, Hammer, Graeme, Henderson, Ian R., Huang, Bingru, Korzun, Viktor, McCouch, Susan R., Messina, Carlos D., Pogson, Barry J., Slafer, Gustavo A., Taylor, Nicolas L., and Wittich, Peter E.

Published
2021
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9. Mapping local and global variability in plant trait distributions

Author

Butler, Ethan E, Datta, Abhirup, Flores-Moreno, Habacuc, Chen, Ming, Wythers, Kirk R, Fazayeli, Farideh, Banerjee, Arindam, Atkin, Owen K, Kattge, Jens, Amiaud, Bernard, Blonder, Benjamin, Boenisch, Gerhard, Bond-Lamberty, Ben, Brown, Kerry A, Byun, Chaeho, Campetella, Giandiego, Cerabolini, Bruno EL, Cornelissen, Johannes HC, Craine, Joseph M, Craven, Dylan, de Vries, Franciska T, Díaz, Sandra, Domingues, Tomas F, Forey, Estelle, González-Melo, Andrés, Gross, Nicolas, Han, Wenxuan, Hattingh, Wesley N, Hickler, Thomas, Jansen, Steven, Kramer, Koen, Kraft, Nathan JB, Kurokawa, Hiroko, Laughlin, Daniel C, Meir, Patrick, Minden, Vanessa, Niinemets, Ülo, Onoda, Yusuke, Peñuelas, Josep, Read, Quentin, Sack, Lawren, Schamp, Brandon, Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A, Spasojevic, Marko J, Sosinski, Enio, Thornton, Peter E, Valladares, Fernando, van Bodegom, Peter M, Williams, Mathew, Wirth, Christian, and Reich, Peter B

Subjects
Ecosystem, Environment, Geography, Models, Statistical, Plant Dispersal, Plants, Quantitative Trait, Heritable, Spatial Analysis, plant traits, Bayesian modeling, spatial statistics, global, climate
Abstract

Our ability to understand and predict the response of ecosystems to a changing environment depends on quantifying vegetation functional diversity. However, representing this diversity at the global scale is challenging. Typically, in Earth system models, characterization of plant diversity has been limited to grouping related species into plant functional types (PFTs), with all trait variation in a PFT collapsed into a single mean value that is applied globally. Using the largest global plant trait database and state of the art Bayesian modeling, we created fine-grained global maps of plant trait distributions that can be applied to Earth system models. Focusing on a set of plant traits closely coupled to photosynthesis and foliar respiration-specific leaf area (SLA) and dry mass-based concentrations of leaf nitrogen ([Formula: see text]) and phosphorus ([Formula: see text]), we characterize how traits vary within and among over 50,000 [Formula: see text]-km cells across the entire vegetated land surface. We do this in several ways-without defining the PFT of each grid cell and using 4 or 14 PFTs; each model's predictions are evaluated against out-of-sample data. This endeavor advances prior trait mapping by generating global maps that preserve variability across scales by using modern Bayesian spatial statistical modeling in combination with a database over three times larger than that in previous analyses. Our maps reveal that the most diverse grid cells possess trait variability close to the range of global PFT means.

Published
2017

12. The validity of optimal leaf traits modelled on environmental conditions

Author

Bloomfield, Keith J., Prentice, I. Colin, Cernusak, Lucas A., Eamus, Derek, Medlyn, Belinda E., Rumman, Rizwana, Wright, Ian J., Boer, Matthias M., Cale, Peter, Cleverly, James, Egerton, John J. G., Ellsworth, David S., Evans, Bradley J., Hayes, Lucy S., Hutchinson, Michael F., Liddell, Michael J., Macfarlane, Craig, Meyer, Wayne S., Togashi, Henrique F., Wardlaw, Tim, Zhu, Lingling, and Atkin, Owen K.

Published
2019

17. A continental-scale assessment of variability in leaf traits : Within species, across sites and between seasons

Author

Bloomfield, Keith J., Cernusak, Lucas A., Eamus, Derek, Ellsworth, David S., Prentice, I. Colin, Wright, Ian J., Boer, Matthias M., Bradford, Matt G., Cale, Peter, Cleverly, James, Egerton, John J. G., Evans, Bradley J., Hayes, Lucy S., Hutchinson, Michael F., Liddell, Michael J., Macfarlane, Craig, Meyer, Wayne S., Prober, Suzanne M., Togashi, Henrique F., Wardlaw, Tim, Zhu, Lingling, and Atkin, Owen K.

Published
2018

18. Leaf Respiration in Terrestrial Biosphere Models

Author

Atkin, Owen K., Bahar, Nur H. A., Bloomfield, Keith J., Griffin, Kevin L., Heskel, Mary A., Huntingford, Chris, de la Torre, Alberto Martinez, Turnbull, Matthew H., Govindjee, Series Editor, Sharkey, Thomas D., Series Editor, Tcherkez, Guillaume, editor, and Ghashghaie, Jaleh, editor

Published
2017
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26. Photosynthesis in newly developed leaves of heat-tolerant wheat acclimates to long-term nocturnal warming.

Author

Coast, Onoriode, Scafaro, Andrew P, Bramley, Helen, Taylor, Nicolas L, and Atkin, Owen K

Subjects
ELECTRON transport, WHEAT, PHOTOSYNTHESIS, WHEAT farming, PHOTOSYNTHETIC rates
Abstract

We examined photosynthetic traits of pre-existing and newly developed flag leaves of four wheat genotypes grown in controlled-environment experiments. In newly developed leaves, acclimation of the maximum rate of net CO2 assimilation (A n) to warm nights (i.e. increased A n) was associated with increased capacity of Rubisco carboxylation and photosynthetic electron transport, with Rubisco activation state probably contributing to increased Rubisco activity. Metabolite profiling linked acclimation of A n to greater accumulation of monosaccharides and saturated fatty acids in leaves; these changes suggest roles for osmotic adjustment of leaf turgor pressure and maintenance of cell membrane integrity. By contrast, where A n decreased under warm nights, the decline was related to lower stomatal conductance and rates of photosynthetic electron transport. Decreases in A n occurred despite higher basal PSII thermal stability in all genotypes exposed to warm nights: T crit of 45–46.5 °C in non-acclimated versus 43.8–45 °C in acclimated leaves. Pre-existing leaves showed no change in A n–temperature response curves, except for an elite heat-tolerant genotype. These findings illustrate the impact of night-time warming on the ability of wheat plants to photosynthesize during the day, thereby contributing to explain the impact of global warming on crop productivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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27. Heat tolerance of a tropical–subtropical rainforest tree species Polyscias elegans: time‐dependent dynamic responses of physiological thermostability and biochemistry.

Author

Zhu, Lingling, Scafaro, Andrew P., Vierling, Elizabeth, Ball, Marilyn C., Posch, Bradley C., Stock, Frederike, and Atkin, Owen K.

Subjects
RAIN forests, BIOCHEMISTRY, CLIMATE change, HEAT shock proteins, HEAT waves (Meteorology), MEMBRANE lipids, ARTIFICIAL membranes
Abstract

Summary: Heat stress interrupts physiological thermostability and triggers biochemical responses that are essential for plant survival. However, there is limited knowledge on the speed plants adjust to heat in hours and days, and which adjustments are crucial.Tropical–subtropical rainforest tree species (Polyscias elegans) were heated at 40°C for 5 d, before returning to 25°C for 13 d of recovery. Leaf heat tolerance was quantified using the temperature at which minimal chl a fluorescence sharply rose (Tcrit). Tcrit, metabolites, heat shock protein (HSP) abundance and membrane lipid fatty acid (FA) composition were quantified.Tcrit increased by 4°C (48–52°C) within 2 h of 40°C exposure, along with rapid accumulation of metabolites and HSPs. By contrast, it took > 2 d for FA composition to change. At least 2 d were required for Tcrit, HSP90, HSP70 and FAs to return to prestress levels.The results highlight the multi‐faceted response of P. elegans to heat stress, and how this response varies over the scale of hours to days, culminating in an increased level of photosynthetic heat tolerance. These responses are important for survival of plants when confronted with heat waves amidst ongoing global climate change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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28. Reduced global plant respiration due to the acclimation of leaf dark respiration coupled with photosynthesis.

Author

Ren, Yanghang, Wang, Han, Harrison, Sandy P., Prentice, I. Colin, Atkin, Owen K., Smith, Nicholas G., Mengoli, Giulia, Stefanski, Artur, and Reich, Peter B.

Subjects
ACCLIMATIZATION, RESPIRATION in plants, PHOTOSYNTHESIS, RESPIRATION, CARBON cycle
Abstract

Summary: Leaf dark respiration (Rd) acclimates to environmental changes. However, the magnitude, controls and time scales of acclimation remain unclear and are inconsistently treated in ecosystem models.We hypothesized that Rd and Rubisco carboxylation capacity (Vcmax) at 25°C (Rd,25, Vcmax,25) are coordinated so that Rd,25 variations support Vcmax,25 at a level allowing full light use, with Vcmax,25 reflecting daytime conditions (for photosynthesis), and Rd,25/Vcmax,25 reflecting night‐time conditions (for starch degradation and sucrose export). We tested this hypothesis temporally using a 5‐yr warming experiment, and spatially using an extensive field‐measurement data set. We compared the results to three published alternatives: Rd,25 declines linearly with daily average prior temperature; Rd at average prior night temperatures tends towards a constant value; and Rd,25/Vcmax,25 is constant.Our hypothesis accounted for more variation in observed Rd,25 over time (R2 = 0.74) and space (R2 = 0.68) than the alternatives. Night‐time temperature dominated the seasonal time‐course of Rd, with an apparent response time scale of c. 2 wk. Vcmax dominated the spatial patterns.Our acclimation hypothesis results in a smaller increase in global Rd in response to rising CO2 and warming than is projected by the two of three alternative hypotheses, and by current models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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35. REPLY TO ADAMS ET AL. : Empirical versus process-based approaches to modeling temperature responses of leaf respiration

Author

Heskel, Mary A., Atkin, Owen K., O’Sullivan, Odhran S., Reich, Peter, Tjoelker, Mark G., Weerasinghe, Lasantha K., Penillard, Aurore, Egerton, John J. G., Creek, Danielle, Bloomfield, Keith J., Xiang, Jen, Sinca, Felipe, Stangl, Zsofia R., Martinez-de la Torre, Alberto, Griffin, Kevin L., Huntingford, Chris, Hurry, Vaughan, Meir, Patrick, and Turnbull, Matthew H.

Published
2016

37. Enhancing crop yields through improvements in the efficiency of photosynthesis and respiration

Author

Garcia, Andres, primary, Gaju, Oorbessy, additional, Bowerman, Andrew F., additional, Buck, Sally A., additional, Evans, John R., additional, Furbank, Robert T., additional, Gilliham, Matthew, additional, Millar, A. Harvey, additional, Pogson, Barry J., additional, Reynolds, Matthew P., additional, Ruan, Yong‐Ling, additional, Taylor, Nicolas L., additional, Tyerman, Stephen D., additional, and Atkin, Owen K., additional

Published
2022
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38. Coordination of photosynthetic traits across soil and climate gradients

Author

Westerband, Andrea C., primary, Wright, Ian J., additional, Maire, Vincent, additional, Paillassa, Jennifer, additional, Prentice, Iain Colin, additional, Atkin, Owen K., additional, Bloomfield, Keith J., additional, Cernusak, Lucas A., additional, Dong, Ning, additional, Gleason, Sean M., additional, Guilherme Pereira, Caio, additional, Lambers, Hans, additional, Leishman, Michelle R., additional, Malhi, Yadvinder, additional, and Nolan, Rachael H., additional

Published
2022
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43. Leaf nitrogen from the perspective of optimal plant function

Author

Dong, Ning, primary, Prentice, Iain Colin, additional, Wright, Ian J., additional, Wang, Han, additional, Atkin, Owen K., additional, Bloomfield, Keith J., additional, Domingues, Tomas F., additional, Gleason, Sean M., additional, Maire, Vincent, additional, Onoda, Yusuke, additional, Poorter, Hendrik, additional, and Smith, Nicholas G., additional

Published
2022
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47. Wheat photosystem II heat tolerance: evidence for genotype-by-environment interactions

Author

Coast, Onoriode, Posch, Bradley C., Rognoni, Bethany G., Bramley, Helen, Gaju, Oorbessy, Mackenzie, John, Pickles, Claire, Kelly, Alison M., Lu, Meiqin, Ruan, Yong-Ling, Trethowan, Richard, Atkin, Owen K., Coast, Onoriode, Posch, Bradley C., Rognoni, Bethany G., Bramley, Helen, Gaju, Oorbessy, Mackenzie, John, Pickles, Claire, Kelly, Alison M., Lu, Meiqin, Ruan, Yong-Ling, Trethowan, Richard, and Atkin, Owen K.

Abstract

SUMMARY High temperature stress inhibits photosynthesis and threatens wheat production. One measure of photosynthetic heat tolerance is Tcrit – the critical temperature at which incipient damage to photosystem II (PSII) occurs. This trait could be improved in wheat by exploiting genetic variation and genotype-by-environment interactions (GEI). Flag leaf Tcrit of 54 wheat genotypes was evaluated in 12 thermal environments over 3 years in Australia, and analysed using linear mixed models to assess GEI effects. Nine of the 12 environments had significant genetic effects and highly variable broad-sense heritability (H2 ranged from 0.15 to 0.75). Tcrit GEI was variable, with 55.6% of the genetic variance across environments accounted for by the factor analytic model. Mean daily growth temperature in the month preceding anthesis was the most influential environmental driver of Tcrit GEI, suggesting biochemical, physiological and structural adjustments to temperature requiring different durations to manifest. These changes help protect or repair PSII upon exposure to heat stress, and may improve carbon assimilation under high temperature. To support breeding efforts to improve wheat performance under high temperature, we identified genotypes superior to commercial cultivars commonly grown by farmers, and demonstrated potential for developing genotypes with greater photosynthetic heat tolerance.

Published
2022

48. Increasing Functional Diversity in a Global Land Surface Model Illustrates Uncertainties Related to Parameter Simplification

Author

Butler, Ethan E., Wythers, Kirk R., Flores-Moreno, Habacuc, Ricciuto, Daniel M., Datta, Abhirup, Banerjee, Arindam, Atkin, Owen K., Kattge, Jens, Thornton, Peter E., Anand, Madhur, Burrascano, Sabina, Byun, Chaeho, Cornelissen, J.H.C., Forey, Estelle, Jansen, Steven, Kramer, Koen, Minden, Vanessa, Reich, Peter B., Butler, Ethan E., Wythers, Kirk R., Flores-Moreno, Habacuc, Ricciuto, Daniel M., Datta, Abhirup, Banerjee, Arindam, Atkin, Owen K., Kattge, Jens, Thornton, Peter E., Anand, Madhur, Burrascano, Sabina, Byun, Chaeho, Cornelissen, J.H.C., Forey, Estelle, Jansen, Steven, Kramer, Koen, Minden, Vanessa, and Reich, Peter B.

Abstract

Simulations of the land surface carbon cycle typically compress functional diversity into a small set of plant functional types (PFT), with parameters defined by the average value of measurements of functional traits. In most earth system models, all wild plant life is represented by between five and 14 PFTs and a typical grid cell (≈100 × 100 km) may contain a single PFT. Model logic applied to this coarse representation of ecological functional diversity provides a reasonable proxy for the carbon cycle, but does not capture the non-linear influence of functional traits on productivity. Here we show through simulations using the Energy Exascale Land Surface Model in 15 diverse terrestrial landscapes, that better accounting for functional diversity markedly alters predicted total carbon uptake. The shift in carbon uptake is as great as 30% and 10% in boreal and tropical regions, respectively, when compared to a single PFT parameterized with the trait means. The traits that best predict gross primary production vary based on vegetation phenology, which broadly determines where traits fall within the global distribution. Carbon uptake is more closely associated with specific leaf area for evergreen PFTs and the leaf carbon to nitrogen ratio in deciduous PFTs.

Published
2022

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