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1. Development and Refinement of a Corner-Based Injury Prevention Programme for Latino Day Labourers

Author

Springer, Andrew E., King, Yesmel, Field, Craig, Ojeda, Martha Alicia, Brown, Louis, Monforton, Celeste, Hernandez, Rodrigo, Diamond, Pamela, Atkinson, John, and Fernández-Esquer, Maria Eugenia

Abstract

Objective: Latino day labourers (LDLs) in the USA are at increased risk for non-fatal and fatal occupational injuries, which are compounded by stressors that include wage theft, job insecurity and discrimination. This paper describes the development and refinement of Vales+Tú (You are Worthy of More), an injury prevention programme currently being evaluated as part of a cluster randomised trial in which health promotion is taken directly to the 'corners' (e.g. street corners, home improvement store parking lots, and public parks) where workers gather to seek employment. Design: Vales+Tú comprises two corner-based intervention approaches, group problem-solving (small group discussions) and brief motivational interviewing (one-on-one dialogue), that aim to activate LDL agency to control their safety and that of their peers. Setting: Corners in Houston, Texas, where LDLs seek employment. Method: Intervention Mapping informed the refinement of Vales+Tú for the current trial. We provide a narrative review of the development process based on needs assessment and formative development activities (surveys, focus group discussions and pilot tests). Results: In addition to documenting the need for LDL injury prevention, with 20.2%-41.6% of Houston-based LDLs surveyed between 2013-2014 and 2019 reporting a severe work-related injury in the past year, we describe key facets of the Vales+Tú corner-based intervention approaches -- including their theoretical basis and LDL-centred activities, as well as enhancements made informed by formative evaluation. Conclusion: The community-engaged development process of Vales+Tú resulted in two practical intervention approaches that can be adopted by worker centres and other organisations to promote LDL worker safety.

Published
2023
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3. List Of Contributors

Author

Abraham, Roshini Sarah, primary, Afzali, Behdad, additional, Águeda, Ana, additional, Akin, Cem, additional, Albanesi, Cristina, additional, Antiochos, Brendan, additional, Aranow, Cynthia, additional, Atkinson, John P., additional, Aune, Thomas M., additional, Babu, Subash, additional, Balko, Justin, additional, Ballow, Mark, additional, Bean, Rachel, additional, Belavgeni, Alexia, additional, Berek, Claudia, additional, Beukelman, Timothy, additional, Beziat, Vivien, additional, Bimler, Lynn, additional, Andrew Bird, J., additional, Blutt, Sarah E., additional, Boguniewicz, Mark, additional, Boisson, Bertrand, additional, Boisson-Dupuis, Stéphanie, additional, Borzova, Elena, additional, Bottazzi, Maria, additional, Boyaka, Prosper N., additional, Bridges, John, additional, Browne, Sarah K., additional, Burks, A. Wesley, additional, Bustamante, Jacinta, additional, Casanova, Jean-Laurent, additional, Chan, Alice, additional, Chan, Edwin S.L., additional, Chatham, Walter Winn, additional, Chinen, Javier, additional, Christopher-Stine, Lisa, additional, Coates, Emily, additional, Cope, Andrew P., additional, Corry, David B., additional, Cosme, Joana, additional, Cron, Randy Q., additional, Dalakas, Marinos C., additional, Dann, Sara M., additional, Das, Satya, additional, Daughety, Molly M., additional, Diamond, Betty, additional, Dispenzieri, Angela, additional, Durham, Stephen R., additional, Eagar, Todd N., additional, Al-Hosni, Michelle, additional, Elitzur, Sarah, additional, Elmets, Craig A., additional, Erkan, Doruk, additional, Fleisher, Thomas A., additional, Fonacier, Luz, additional, Fontenot, Andrew P., additional, Fragoulis, George, additional, Francischetti, Ivo M.B., additional, Freiwald, Tilo, additional, Frew, Anthony J., additional, Fujihashi, Kohtaro, additional, Gadina, Massimo, additional, Gapin, Laurent, additional, Gatt, Moshe E., additional, Gershwin, M. Eric, additional, Gillespie, Susan L., additional, Gordon, Lynn K., additional, Goronzy, Jörg J., additional, Grattan, Clive E., additional, Greenspan, Neil S., additional, Gschwend, Anna, additional, Gustafson, Claire E., additional, Hackett, Tillie-Louise, additional, Hamilton, Robert G., additional, Happe, Myra, additional, Harrison, Leonard C., additional, Helbling, Arthur, additional, Heckmann, Emmaline, additional, Hogquist, Kristin, additional, Hohl, Tobias M., additional, Holland, Steven M., additional, Hotez, Peter J., additional, Houser, Katherine, additional, Huntingdon, Nicholas D., additional, Hwangpo, Tracy, additional, Izraeli, Shai, additional, Jaffe, Elaine S., additional, Jalkanen, Sirpa, additional, Java, Anuja, additional, Johnson, Douglas B., additional, Johnson, Tory, additional, Jordan, Michael B., additional, Joshi, Shyam R., additional, Jouanguy, Emmanuelle, additional, Kaminski, Henry J., additional, Kaufmann, Stefan H.E., additional, Khan, David A., additional, Kheradmand, Farrah, additional, Khokar, Dilawar Singh, additional, Khoury, Paneez, additional, Klein, Bruce S., additional, Klion, Amy D., additional, Kohn, Donald B., additional, Kono, Michihito, additional, Korngold, Robert, additional, Koulouri, Vasiliki, additional, Kuhns, Douglas B., additional, Kulkarni, Hrishikesh S., additional, Kuo, Caroline Y., additional, Kusner, Linda L., additional, Lahouti, Arash, additional, Lane, Laura C., additional, Laurence, Arian, additional, Lee, Joyce S., additional, Lee, S. Thera, additional, Leung, Donald Y.M., additional, Levy, Ofer, additional, Lewis, Dorothy E., additional, Li, Evan, additional, Libby, Peter, additional, Lichtman, Andrew H., additional, Linkermann, Andreas, additional, Lionakis, Michail S., additional, Liszewski, M. Kathryn, additional, Lockshin, Michael D., additional, Priel, Debra Long, additional, Lorenz, Adi Zoref, additional, Ludwig, Ralf J., additional, Luong, Amber, additional, Luqmani, Raashid Ahmed, additional, Mackay, Meggan, additional, Mahr, Alfred, additional, Malley, Tamir, additional, Mannon, Elinor C., additional, Mannon, Peter J., additional, Mannon, Roslyn B., additional, Manns, Michael P., additional, Maresso, Anthony, additional, Matson, Scott M., additional, Mavragani, Clio P., additional, Maynard, Craig L., additional, McDonald, Douglas, additional, Meylan, Françoise, additional, Miller, Stephen D., additional, Mitchell, Anna L., additional, Monos, Dimitri S., additional, Mueller, Scott N., additional, Mulders-Manders, Catharina M., additional, Munshi, Pashna N., additional, Murphy, Philip M., additional, Noel, Pierre, additional, Notarangelo, Luigi D., additional, Nunes-Santos, Cristiane J., additional, Nussbaum, Robert L., additional, Nutman, Thomas B., additional, Nutt, Stephen L., additional, O'Neill, Lorraine, additional, O'Shea, John J., additional, Ortel, Thomas L., additional, Pai, Sung-Yun, additional, Paul, Mary E., additional, Pearce, Simon, additional, Peterson, Erik J., additional, Pittaluga, Stefania, additional, Polverino, Francesca, additional, Puck, Jennifer M., additional, Puel, Anne, additional, Radbruch, Andreas, additional, Rajalingam, Raja, additional, Reece, Stephen T., additional, Reveille, John D., additional, Rich, Robert R., additional, Ridley, Lauren K., additional, Romeo, Andrew R., additional, Rooney, Cliona M., additional, Rosen, Antony, additional, Rosenzweig, Sergio, additional, Rouse, Barry T., additional, Rowley, Scott D., additional, Sahiner, Umit Murat, additional, Sakaguchi, Shimon, additional, Salinas, Whitney, additional, Salmi, Marko, additional, Satola, Sarah, additional, Schechter, Marcos, additional, Schmidt, Enno, additional, Schroeder, Harry W., additional, Schwartzberg, Pamela L., additional, Sciumè, Giuseppe, additional, Segal, Benjamin M., additional, Selmi, Carlo, additional, Sharabi, Amir, additional, Shimano, Kristin Ammon, additional, Sikorski, Patricia M., additional, Simon, Anna, additional, Smith, Gideon P., additional, Song, Joo Y., additional, Stephens, David S., additional, Stephens, Robin, additional, Sun, Michel M., additional, Beretta-Piccoli, Benedetta Terziroli, additional, Tonnus, Wulf, additional, Torgerson, Troy R., additional, Torres, Raul Martin, additional, Treat, Jennifer D., additional, Tsokos, George C., additional, Uzel, Gülbü, additional, Uzonna, Jude E., additional, van der Hilst, Jeroen C.H., additional, van der Meer, Jos W.M., additional, Varga, John, additional, Waldman, Meryl, additional, Weatherhead, Jill, additional, Weiser, Peter, additional, Weyand, Cornelia M., additional, Wigley, Fredrick M., additional, Wing, James B., additional, Wood, Kathryn J., additional, Wilde, Shyra, additional, Xu, Hui, additional, Yusuf, Nabiha, additional, Zerbe, Christa S., additional, Zhang, Qian, additional, Ben-Yehuda, Dina, additional, Zhang, Shen-Ying, additional, and Zieske, Arthur W., additional

Published
2023
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5. The American College of Surgeons Responds to COVID-19

Author

Rusch, Valerie W, Wexner, Steven D, Atala, Anthony, Atkinson, John LD, Denneny, James C, Eberlein, Timothy J, Elsey, James K, Farmer, Diana L, Ford, Henri R, Fried, Gerald M, Gigantelli, James W, Hancock, BJ, Hernandez, Enrique, Jacobs, Lenworth M, Levin, L Scott, Meredith, J Wayne, Michelassi, Fabrizio, Napolitano, Lena M, Phillips, Linda G, Sharp, Kenneth W, Sidawy, Anton N, Stain, Steven C, Sutton, Beth H, Timmerman, Gary L, and Wood, Douglas E

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Patient Safety, 8.1 Organisation and delivery of services, Health and social care services research, Good Health and Well Being, Betacoronavirus, COVID-19, Coronavirus Infections, General Surgery, Humans, Infection Control, Leadership, Pandemics, Pneumonia, Viral, SARS-CoV-2, Societies, Medical, United States, American College of Surgeons COVID-19 Communications Committee, Board of Regents, and Officers, Surgery, Clinical sciences
Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic abruptly, and perhaps irrevocably, changed the way we live, conduct our business affairs, and practice medicine and surgery. In mid-March 2020, as COVID-19 infections escalated exponentially across many areas of the US, the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), the Surgeon General, and the American College of Surgeons (ACS) recommended that hospitals and surgeons postpone non-urgent operations in order to provide care to COVID-19 patients.1-3 It quickly became obvious that the COVID-19 pandemic presented unprecedented medical challenges. ACS leadership, including the Board of Regents and Officers (Appendix), worked with the ACS Executive Director (Dr David Hoyt) and staff to rapidly organize a response to the COVID-19 crisis. The aim of this effort was to support ACS members and Fellows, as well as the broader medical community, in continuing to provide optimal patient care. Because other similar public health crises could arise in the future, we report the measures taken by the ACS to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Published
2020

9. Reflecting on Our Times: Valuing Transformative Leadership in Real-World 'Living Systems'

Author

Atkinson, John, Lasbennes, Florence, and Nabarro, David

Abstract

We present this brief reflection on key aspects of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the implications of the worldwide focus on achieving the sustainable development goals as external observers of the evaluation endeavor around the world. We have conducted and participated in evaluations, but it is not our primary field of work and we are not engaged in the global community of evaluation specialists. However, we believe that the urgency of the challenges confronting the world today should inspire those influencing and shaping evaluation internationally to focus much more fiercely on the value of evaluation and its implications for leadership at all levels and in all fields of work. We propose that evaluation as practice should support and help inspire, value, and evaluate the type of leadership that the world needs now--dynamic and purposeful "living systems" leaders working toward large-scale, drastic change.

Published
2021
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10. C5b-9 and MASP2 deposition in skin and bone marrow microvasculature characterize hematopoietic stem cell transplant-associated thrombotic microangiopathy

Author

Elhadad, Sonia, Chadburn, Amy, Magro, Cynthia, Van Besien, Koen, Roberson, Elisha D. O., Atkinson, John P., Terry, Hunter, Greenberg, June, Reid, Whitney, Chapin, John, Copertino, Dennis, Geramfard, Sahar, Rodriguez, Lizamarie Bachier, Orfali, Nina, Gerghis, Usama, Shore, Tsiporah, Mayer, Sebastian, Ahamed, Jasimuddin, and Laurence, Jeffrey

Published
2022
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15. Antibody-drug conjugate targeting CD46 eliminates multiple myeloma cells

Author

Sherbenou, Daniel W, Aftab, Blake T, Su, Yang, Behrens, Christopher R, Wiita, Arun, Logan, Aaron C, Acosta-Alvear, Diego, Hann, Byron C, Walter, Peter, Shuman, Marc A, Wu, Xiaobo, Atkinson, John P, Wolf, Jeffrey L, Martin, Thomas G, and Liu, Bin

Subjects
Hematology, Genetics, Cancer, Biotechnology, Rare Diseases, Clinical Research, Development of treatments and therapeutic interventions, 5.1 Pharmaceuticals, Animals, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Antibodies, Neoplasm, Cell Line, Tumor, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1, Gene Dosage, Humans, Immunoconjugates, Membrane Cofactor Protein, Mice, Multiple Myeloma, Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays, Medical and Health Sciences, Immunology
Abstract

Multiple myeloma is incurable by standard approaches because of inevitable relapse and development of treatment resistance in all patients. In our prior work, we identified a panel of macropinocytosing human monoclonal antibodies against CD46, a negative regulator of the innate immune system, and constructed antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs). In this report, we show that an anti-CD46 ADC (CD46-ADC) potently inhibited proliferation in myeloma cell lines with little effect on normal cells. CD46-ADC also potently eliminated myeloma growth in orthometastatic xenograft models. In primary myeloma cells derived from bone marrow aspirates, CD46-ADC induced apoptosis and cell death, but did not affect the viability of nontumor mononuclear cells. It is of clinical interest that the CD46 gene resides on chromosome 1q, which undergoes genomic amplification in the majority of relapsed myeloma patients. We found that the cell surface expression level of CD46 was markedly higher in patient myeloma cells with 1q gain than in those with normal 1q copy number. Thus, genomic amplification of CD46 may serve as a surrogate for target amplification that could allow patient stratification for tailored CD46-targeted therapy. Overall, these findings indicate that CD46 is a promising target for antibody-based treatment of multiple myeloma, especially in patients with gain of chromosome 1q.

Published
2016

17. Analysis of the Putative Role of CR1 in Alzheimer’s Disease: Genetic Association, Expression and Function

Author

Fonseca, Maria I, Chu, Shuhui, Pierce, Aimee L, Brubaker, William D, Hauhart, Richard E, Mastroeni, Diego, Clarke, Elizabeth V, Rogers, Joseph, Atkinson, John P, and Tenner, Andrea J

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Genetics, Alzheimer's Disease, Aging, Clinical Research, Neurodegenerative, Alzheimer's Disease including Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (AD/ADRD), Human Genome, Acquired Cognitive Impairment, Neurosciences, Prevention, Brain Disorders, Dementia, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Neurological, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Alzheimer Disease, Astrocytes, Brain, Complement C1q, Complement C3b, Erythrocytes, Female, Gene Expression Regulation, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Humans, Male, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Protein Transport, Receptors, Complement 3b, General Science & Technology
Abstract

Chronic activation of the complement system and induced inflammation are associated with neuropathology in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recent large genome wide association studies (GWAS) have identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the C3b/C4b receptor (CR1 or CD35) that are associated with late onset AD. Here, anti-CR1 antibodies (Abs) directed against different epitopes of the receptor, were used to localize CR1 in brain, and relative binding affinities of the CR1 ligands, C1q and C3b, were assessed by ELISA. Most Abs tested stained red blood cells in blood vessels but showed no staining in brain parenchyma. However, two monoclonal anti-CR1 Abs labeled astrocytes in all of the cases tested, and this reactivity was preabsorbed by purified recombinant human CR1. Human brain-derived astrocyte cultures were also reactive with both mAbs. The amount of astrocyte staining varied among the samples, but no consistent difference was conferred by diagnosis or the GWAS-identified SNPs rs4844609 or rs6656401. Plasma levels of soluble CR1 did not correlate with diagnosis but a slight increase was observed with rs4844609 and rs6656401 SNP. There was also a modest but statistically significant increase in relative binding activity of C1q to CR1 with the rs4844609 SNP compared to CR1 without the SNP, and of C3b to CR1 in the CR1 genotypes containing the rs6656401 SNP (also associated with the larger isoform of CR1) regardless of clinical diagnosis. These results suggest that it is unlikely that astrocyte CR1 expression levels or C1q or C3b binding activity are the cause of the GWAS identified association of CR1 variants with AD. Further careful functional studies are needed to determine if the variant-dictated number of CR1 expressed on red blood cells contributes to the role of this receptor in the progression of AD, or if another mechanism is involved.

Published
2016

18. Contributors

Author

Agmon-Levin, Nancy, primary, Alarcón, Graciela S., additional, Amengual, Olga, additional, Ardoin, Stacy P., additional, Arora, Swati, additional, Atisha-Fregoso, Yemil, additional, Atkinson, John P., additional, Atsumi, Tatsuya, additional, Ayoub, Isabelle, additional, Barilla-LaBarca, Maria-Louise, additional, Bermas, Bonnie L., additional, Bernatsky, Sasha, additional, Bertsias, George, additional, Bichile, Tanmayee, additional, Blanco, Patrick, additional, Bohgaki, Miyuki, additional, Bonsmann, Gisela, additional, Borghi, Maria Orietta, additional, Boumpas, Dimitrios T., additional, Bourn, Rebecka, additional, Buyon, Jill P., additional, Caricchio, Roberto, additional, Chan, Edward K.L., additional, Chang, Christopher, additional, Charrier, Manon, additional, Chighizola, Cecilia Beatrice, additional, Clarke, Ann E., additional, Crispín, José C., additional, Cuneo, Bettina, additional, Dörner, Thomas, additional, Damato, Erika M., additional, Denniston, Alastair K.O., additional, Devlin, Amy, additional, Diamond, Betty, additional, Ernandez, T., additional, Falasinnu, Titilola, additional, Fernandez-Ruiz, Ruth, additional, Fitzpatrick, Brianna, additional, Forbess, Lindsy, additional, Frangou, Eleni A., additional, Fritzler, Marvin J., additional, Fu, Shu Man, additional, Furie, Richard, additional, Gaskin, Felicia, additional, Gladman, Dafna, additional, Gordon, Caroline, additional, Grammer, Amrie C., additional, Greidinger, Eric L., additional, Greiling, Teri M., additional, Han, Shuhong, additional, Hansen, James E., additional, Hasni, Sarfaraz A., additional, Hassan, Fadi, additional, Hedrich, Christian M., additional, Hiromura, Keiju, additional, Horowitz, Diane, additional, Huang, Xin, additional, Hunt, David, additional, Izmirly, Peter M., additional, James, Judith A., additional, Jarjour, Wael N., additional, Jefferies, Caroline A., additional, Jefferies, Caroline, additional, Jiang, Xiaoyue, additional, Kaplan, Mariana J., additional, Katsuyama, Takayuki, additional, Khamashta, Munther, additional, Kingsmore, Kathryn M., additional, Koike, Takao, additional, Kono, Dwight H., additional, Kriegel, Martin A., additional, Kuhn, Annegret, additional, Kyttaris, Vasileios C, additional, La Cava, Antonio, additional, Ladouceur, Alexandra, additional, Lahita, Robert G., additional, Landmann, Aysche, additional, Lazaro, Estibaliz, additional, Lennard Richard, Mara L., additional, Lino, Andreia C., additional, Lipsky, Peter E., additional, Liszewski, M. Kathryn, additional, Lo, Mindy S., additional, Lu, Qianjin, additional, Mahieu, Mary, additional, Malkiel, Susan, additional, Manzi, Susan, additional, Marder, Galina, additional, Mayadas, T.N., additional, Meroni, Pier Luigi, additional, Merrill, Joan T., additional, Mohan, Chandra, additional, Mok, Chi Chiu, additional, Moulton, Vaishali R., additional, Murray, Philip I., additional, Naffaa, Mohammad E., additional, Nangaku, Masaomi, additional, Niewold, Timothy, additional, Okubo, K., additional, Olsen, Nancy J., additional, Pal, Trina, additional, Paz, Ziv, additional, Perl, Andras, additional, Pons-Estel, Guillermo J., additional, Qu, Bo, additional, Rahman, Anisur, additional, Raman, Ziaur S.M., additional, Ramsey-Goldman, Rosalind, additional, Reeves, Westley H., additional, Richez, Christophe, additional, Rosetti, Florencia, additional, Rovin, Brad H., additional, Rubin, Robert L., additional, Saeli, Stephanie, additional, Saggu, G., additional, Sammaritano, Lisa R., additional, Satoh, Minoru, additional, Sawalha, Amr H., additional, Saxena, Amit, additional, Sciascia, Savino, additional, Shaharir, Syahrul Sazliyana, additional, Sharabi, Amir, additional, Shen, Nan, additional, Shmerling, Robert H., additional, Simard, Julia F., additional, Sisirak, Vanja, additional, Slight-Webb, Samantha, additional, Stillman, Isaac Ely, additional, Sung, Sun-Sang J., additional, Thakkar, Payal, additional, Theofilopoulos, Argyrios N., additional, Thomas, Jr, Donald E., additional, Tissera, Hiromi, additional, Touma, Zahi, additional, Tsao, Betty P., additional, Ugarte-Gil, Manuel F., additional, Urowitz, Murray B., additional, Vieira, Silvio Manfredo, additional, Wainwright, Benjamin, additional, Wallace, Daniel J., additional, Wang, Hongyang, additional, Wu, Haijing, additional, Yahia, Soad Haj, additional, Yu, C. Yung, additional, Zhao, Zhenhuan, additional, and Zhuang, Haoyang, additional

Published
2021
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20. Risk and protection of different rare protein-coding variants of complement component C4A in age-related macular degeneration.

Author

Seddon, Johanna M., De, Dikha, Casazza, William, Shun-Yun Cheng, Punzo, Claudio, Daly, Mark, Danlei Zhou, Coss, Samantha L., Atkinson, John P., and Chack-Yung Yu

Subjects
MACULAR degeneration, COMPLEMENT (Immunology), FALSE discovery rate, COMPLEMENT activation, VISION disorders, BLOOD group antigens, PROTEIN expression
Abstract

Introduction: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of central vision loss in the elderly. One-third of the genetic contribution to this disease remains unexplained. Methods: We analyzed targeted sequencing data from two independent cohorts (4,245 cases, 1,668 controls) which included genomic regions of known AMD loci in 49 genes. Results: At a false discovery rate of <0.01, we identified 11 low-frequency AMD variants (minor allele frequency <0.05). Two of those variants were present in the complement C4A gene, including the replacement of the residues that contribute to the Rodgers-1/Chido-1 blood group antigens: [VDLL1207-1210ADLR (V1207A)] with discovery odds ratio (OR) = 1.7 (p = 3.2 × 10-5) which was replicated in the UK Biobank dataset (3,294 cases, 200,086 controls, OR = 1.52, p = 0.037). A novel variant associated with reduced risk for AMD in our discovery cohort was P1120T, one of the four C4A-isotypic residues. Gene-based tests yielded aggregate effects of nonsynonymous variants in 10 genes including C4A, which were associated with increased risk of AMD. In human eye tissues, immunostaining demonstrated C4A protein accumulation in and around endothelial cells of retinal and choroidal vasculature, and total C4 in soft drusen. Conclusion: Our results indicate that C4A protein in the complement activation pathways may play a role in the pathogenesis of AMD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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22. Complement receptor 1 is the human erythrocyte receptor for Plasmodium vivax erythrocyte binding protein.

Author

Seong-Kyun Lee, Crosnier, Cécile, Valenzuela-Leon, Paola Carolina, Dizon, Brian L. P., Atkinson, John P., Jianbing Mu, Wright, Gavin J., Calvo, Eric, Gunalan, Karthigayan, and Miller, Louis H.

Subjects
COMPLEMENT receptors, CARRIER proteins, PLASMODIUM vivax, CELL receptors, ANTIGEN receptors, SPIDER silk
Abstract

The discovery that Africans were resistant to infection by Plasmodium vivax (P. vivax) led to the conclusion that P. vivax invasion relied on the P. vivax Duffy Binding Protein (PvDBP) interacting with the Duffy Antigen Receptor for Chemokines (DARC) expressed on erythrocytes. However, the recent reporting of P. vivax infections in DARC-negative Africans suggests that the parasite might use an alternate invasion pathway to infect DARC-negative reticulocytes. To identify the parasite ligands and erythrocyte receptors that enable P. vivax invasion of both DARC-positive and -negative erythrocytes, we expressed region II containing the Duffy Binding-Like (DBL) domain of P. vivax erythrocyte binding protein (PvEBP-RII) and verified that the DBL domain binds to both DARC-positive and -negative erythrocytes. Furthermore, an AVidity-based EXtracelluar Interaction Screening (AVEXIS) was used to identify the receptor for PvEBP among over 750 human cell surface receptor proteins, and this approach identified only Complement Receptor 1 (CR1, CD35, or C3b/C4b receptor) as a PvEBP receptor. CR1 is a well-known receptor for P. falciparum Reticulocyte binding protein Homology 4 (PfRh4) and is present on the surfaces of both reticulocytes and normocytes, but its expression decreases as erythrocytes age. Indeed, PvEBP-RII bound to a subpopulation of both reticulocytes and normocytes, and this binding was blocked by the addition of soluble CR1 recombinant protein, indicating that CR1 is the receptor of PvEBP. In addition, we found that the Long Homology Repeat A (LHR-A) subdomain of CR1 is the only subdomain responsible for mediating the interaction with PvEBP-RII. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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24. Developing Good Practice in New Deal in Colleges.

Author

Learning and Skills Development Agency, London (England)., Sussex Univ., Brighton (England). Inst. for Employment Studies., Ratcliffe, Michael, Atkinson, John, Burgess, Carol, and Cartner, Nadine

Abstract

This document explains how further education colleges, employment services, and other providers can develop the delivery of full-time education and training (FTET) within the United Kingdom's New Deal programs for 18- to 24-year-olds. The document identifies principles of good practice related to the following aspects of New Deal FTET: (1) transition into FTET; (2) learner-centered delivery (individual learning plans, flexible learning programs); (3) assessment and delivery of basic and key skills; (4) monitoring and tracking (trainee monitoring and follow-up, managing early leavers); (5) links with employers and work preparation (supporting students' occupational choices, job search); (6) trainee achievement and progression; (7) strategic planning and management of training; (8) staff development; and (9) quality improvement. Each of the nine aspects of New Deal FTET is examined in its own section of the document containing some or all of the following items: (1) good practice features; (2) barriers to good practice; (3) present good practice; (4) one or more case studies (including critical success factors, resources used, impacts on delivery of New Deal, and quality indicators); and (5) suggestions for improving practice. The following items are appended: case studies and contact details; a list of project steering group members; and a list of acronyms and abbreviations. (MN)

Published
2001

25. Supermassive black holes in the Sbc spiral galaxies NGC 3310, NGC 4303 and NGC 4258

Author

Pastorini, Guia, Marconi, Alessandro, Capetti, Alessandro, Axon, David J., Alonso-Herrero, Almudena, Atkinson, John, Batcheldor, Dan, Carollo, C. Marcella, Collett, James, Dressel, Linda, Hughes, Mark A., Macchetto, Duccio, Maciejewski, Witold, Sparks, William, and van der Marel, Roeland

Subjects
Astrophysics
Abstract

We present new Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) observations of three spiral galaxies, NGC 4303, NGC 3310 and NGC 4258. The bright optical emission lines H$\alpha$ $\lambda$ $6564 \AA$, [NII] $\lambda$$\lambda$ $6549,6585 \AA$ and [SII] $\lambda$$\lambda$ $ 6718,6732 \AA$ were used to study the kinematics of the ionized gas in the nuclear region of each galaxy with a $\sim 0.07\arcsec$ spatial resolution. In NGC 3310, the observed gas kinematics is well matched by a circularly rotating disk model but we are only able to set an upper limit to the BH mass which, taking into account the allowed disk inclinations, varies in the range $5.0 \times 10^{6} - 4.2 \times 10^{7} M_{\odot}$ at the 95% confidence level. In NGC 4303 the kinematical data require the presence of a BH with mass $M_{BH}=(5.0)^{+0.87}_{-2.26}\times 10^{6}M_{\odot}$ (for a disk inclination $i=70$ deg).In NGC 4258, the observed kinematics require the presence of a black hole with $M_{BH}= (7.9)^{+6.2}_{-3.5} \times 10^{7}M_{\odot}$ ($i=60$ deg). This result is in good agreement with the published value $(3.9 \pm 0.1) \times 10^{7} M_{\odot}$, derived from $H_{2}O$-maser observations. Our attempt at measuring BH masses in these 3 late type Sbc spiral galaxies has shown that these measurements are very challenging and at the limit of the highest spatial resolution currently available. Nonetheless our estimates are in good agreement with the scaling relations between black holes and their host spheroids suggesting that (i) they are reliable and (ii) black holes in spiral galaxies follows the same scaling relations as those in more massive early-type galaxies. A crucial test for the gas kinematical method, the correct recovery of the known BH mass in NGC 4258, has been successful. [abridged], Comment: 24 pages, 21 figures, A&A in press

Published
2007
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26. Hyperfunctional complement C3 promotes C5-dependent atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome in mice

Author

Smith-Jackson, Kate, Yang, Yi, Denton, Harriet, Pappworth, Isabel Y., Cooke, Katie, Barlow, Paul N., Atkinson, John P., Liszewski, M. Kathryn, Pickering, Matthew C., Kavanagh, David, Cook, H. Terence, and Marchbank, Kevin J.

Subjects
Hemolytic-uremic syndrome -- Genetic aspects -- Care and treatment -- Research, Promoters (Genetics) -- Research, Complement (Immunology) -- Research, Health care industry
Abstract

Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) is frequently associated in humans with loss-of-function mutations in complement-regulating proteins or gain-of-function mutations in complement- activating proteins. Thus, aHUS provides an archetypal complement-mediated disease with which to model new therapeutic strategies and treatments. Herein, we show that, when transferred to mice, an aHUS-associated gain-of-function change (D1115N) to the complementactivation protein C3 results in aHUS. Homozygous C3 p.D1115N (C3KI) mice developed spontaneous chronic thrombotic microangiopathy together with hematuria, thrombocytopenia, elevated creatinine, and evidence of hemolysis. Mice with active disease had reduced plasma C3 with C3 fragment and C9 deposition within the kidney. Therapeutic blockade or genetic deletion of C5, a protein downstream of C3 in the complement cascade, protected homozygous C3KI mice from thrombotic microangiopathy and aHUS. Thus, our data provide in vivo modeling evidence that gain-of-function changes in complement C3 drive aHUS. They also show that long-term C5 deficiency is not accompanied by development of other renal complications (such as C3 glomerulopathy) despite sustained dysregulation of C3. Our results suggest that this preclinical model will allow testing of novel complement inhibitors with the aim of developing precisely targeted therapeutics that could have application in many complement-mediated diseases., Introduction Our understanding and treatment of complement-mediated diseases has grown exponentially over the last 20 years. We now understand that complement plays an integral role in many autoimmune-and inflammation-based diseases [...]

Published
2019
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28. Employers, Recruitment and the Unemployed. IES Report 325.

Author

Sussex Univ., Brighton (England). Inst. for Employment Studies. and Atkinson, John

Abstract

A representative sample of 800 employers in the United Kingdom were surveyed by telephone to determine their attitudes toward, recruitment of, and rejection of unemployed job seekers. The employer sample was selected to be representative from the standpoints of sector, firm size, and firm location. Twenty employers participated in face-to-face follow-up interviews. The literature on employers' attitudes toward and recruitment of unemployed individuals was also reviewed. Half of the 74% of respondents who had recruited during the past year had recruited from among unemployed individuals. Larger firms and public sector establishments were most likely to recruit unemployed workers. Nearly one-third of respondents stated that they usually/often recruited short-term unemployed individuals; however, only one-fifth reported hiring long-term unemployed workers. Only 29% of respondents ever had any involvement with government programs to help unemployed individuals. Three of four respondents did not consider recruiting an unemployed individual any riskier than recruiting an employed person. Most employers believed that unemployed people do possess needed skills; however, many respondents believed that the experience of unemployment renders individuals less attractive through demoralization and deterioration. (Appended are descriptions of the study methodology, achieved sample structure, and the contact letter and telephone interview questionnaire. Eighty tables/figures and 90 references are included.) (MN)

Published
1996

29. Getting Unemployed Adults into Jobs. Does Jobsearch Training Add Value to 'Training for Work'? Report 273.

Author

Sussex Univ., Brighton (England). Inst. of Manpower Studies. and Atkinson, John

Abstract

The effectiveness of Training for Work, which is the United Kingdom's main public program for helping long-term unemployed adults find jobs, was examined through interviews with training managers in 8 training and enterprise councils (TECs), 53 training providers, and 374 individuals who had joined Training for Work in spring/summer 1993 and left to seek work. It was discovered that, although the TECs recognized the importance of job search training in achieving positive job outcomes after Training for Work, they generally left decisions regarding the nature and scope of job search training to local providers. According to the training providers, participants received an average of 9 days of job search training (approximately 9% of the available training days), with 3 days centered on self-preservation skills. However, of every 10 participants, only 4 received job search training and 3 did not want it. Approximately half of job search training recipients credited it with improving their confidence and having a marked effect on the intensity and scope of their job search. The job search success rate after leaving Training for Work averaged 32% for those who had received job search training versus 26% for all leavers. (Includes 49 tables/figures.) (MN)

Published
1994

31. Basic Skills and Jobs. A Report on the Basic Skills Needed at Work.

Author

Institute of Manpower Studies, London (England)., Atkinson, John, and Spilsbury, Mark

Abstract

A study examined the demand for basic literacy and numeracy skills in the workplace in England and Wales. Surveys were administered to 73 Training and Enterprise Councils and covered approximately 1.3 million jobs below the professional and technical level in 24,000 establishments. Skills were summarized by six broad occupational categories: clerical/secretarial; personal service; selling; skilled/craft manual; plant, vehicle, and machine operatives; and other manual jobs. Relatively few jobs were found that can be performed successfully without competence in the basic skills, particularly reading and oral communication skills. Considerable demand among employers for higher-level basic skills was found even for relatively low skill jobs, and level of basic skills sought generally increased with movement up the occupational hierarchy. Clerical/secretarial jobs had higher-than-average basic skills requirements, whereas manual occupations generally had lower-than-average requirements. Basic skills have become more important to employers in the past 5 years and will likely become even more important. Most employers surveyed rated the basic skills possessed by their employees as fairly adequate; however, 1 in 10 establishments rated their employees' basic skill levels as just adequate or worse. (Includes 10 figures, 13 tables.) (MN)

Published
1993

32. The Basic Skills Needed at Work: A Directory. A Companion Report to 'Basic Skills and Jobs.'

Author

Institute of Manpower Studies, London (England). and Atkinson, John

Abstract

This directory details the requirements for and supply of basic skills in the work force of England and Wales as determined in a survey of 73 Training and Enterprise Councils that covered approximately 1.3 million jobs below the professional and technical level in 24,000 establishments. The first chapter describes the survey and the structure of the directory. Chapter 2 covers the overall level of demand for literacy and numeracy skills and examines how skill requirements vary form job to job. Data are summarized by 49 occupations. Examined in chapter 3 are the trends in the demand for basic skills and the importance of various job-related, workplace-related, and communication factors in influencing overall patterns of basic skill demands. Chapter 4 considered recent changes in employers' demands for basic skills in the workplace. In chapter 5, the adequacy of the current basic skills supply is reviewed from the standpoints of (1) employers' perceptions of their own employees' reading, writing, numeracy, and oral communications skills; and (2) their perceptions of labor supply in the labor market as a whole. A description of the research methods used is appended along with technical information on the survey. The report includes 23 figures and 37 tables. (MN)

Published
1993

38. Identification of complement factor H variants that predispose to pre‐eclampsia: A genetic and functional study.

Author

Lokki, A. Inkeri, Ren, Zhen, Triebwasser, Michael, Daly, Emma, Perola, Markus, Auro, Kirsi, Burwick, Richard, Salmon, Jane E., Daly, Mark, Laivuori, Hannele, Atkinson, John P., Java, Anuja, Meri, Seppo, Heinonen, Seppo, Kajantie, Eero, Kere, Juha, Kivinen, Katja, and Pouta, Anneli

Subjects
COMPLEMENT factor H, ECLAMPSIA, PREECLAMPSIA, COMPLEMENT activation, GENETIC variation, MISSENSE mutation
Abstract

Objective: The objective of the study was to investigate the role of genetic variants in complement proteins in pre‐eclampsia. Design: In a case–control study involving 609 cases and 2092 controls, five rare variants in complement factor H (CFH) were identified in women with severe and complicated pre‐eclampsia. No variants were identified in controls. Setting: Pre‐eclampsia is a leading cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Immune maladaptation, in particular, complement activation that disrupts maternal‐fetal tolerance leading to placental dysfunction and endothelial injury, has been proposed as a pathogenetic mechanism, but this remains unproven. Population: We genotyped 609 pre‐eclampsia cases and 2092 controls from FINNPEC and the national FINRISK cohorts. Methods: Complement‐based functional and structural assays were conducted in vitro to define the significance of these five missense variants and each compared with wild type. Main outcome measures: Secretion, expression and ability to regulate complement activation were assessed for factor H proteins harbouring the mutations. Results: We identified five heterozygous rare variants in complement factor H (L3V, R127H, R166Q, C1077S and N1176K) in seven women with severe pre‐eclampsia. These variants were not identified in controls. Variants C1077S and N1176K were novel. Antigenic, functional and structural analyses established that four (R127H, R166Q, C1077S and N1176K) were deleterious. Variants R127H and C1077S were synthesised, but not secreted. Variants R166Q and N1176K were secreted normally but showed reduced binding to C3b and consequently defective complement regulatory activity. No defect was identified for L3V. Conclusions: These results suggest that complement dysregulation due to mutations in complement factor H is among the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying severe pre‐eclampsia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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39. The Human Complement System

Author

Atkinson, John P., primary, Du Clos, Terry W., additional, Mold, Carolyn, additional, Kulkarni, Hrishikesh, additional, Hourcade, Dennis, additional, and Wu, Xiaobo, additional

Published
2019
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40. List of Contributors

Author

Abraham, Roshini Sarah, primary, Albanesi, Cristina, additional, Alevizos, Ilias, additional, Anguita, Juan, additional, Antiochos, Brendan, additional, Aranow, Cynthia, additional, Atkinson, John P., additional, Austin, Howard A., additional, Babu, Subash, additional, Ballow, Mark C., additional, Balow, James E., additional, Belmont, John W., additional, Berek, Claudia, additional, Beukelman, Timothy, additional, Bhavsar, Tapan, additional, Bird, J. Andrew, additional, Blutt, Sarah E., additional, Boguniewicz, Mark, additional, Bonamichi-Santos, Rafael, additional, Boisson, Bertrand, additional, Borzova, Elena, additional, Boyaka, Prosper N., additional, Boyce, Joshua, additional, Browne, Sarah K., additional, Burks, Wesley, additional, Bustamante, Jacinta, additional, Calder, Virginia L., additional, Campbell, Matthew, additional, Cardones, Adela Rambi G., additional, Casanova, Jean-Laurent, additional, Castells, Mariana, additional, Cavacini, Lisa A., additional, Chan, Edwin S.L., additional, Chaplin, David D., additional, Chatham, W. Winn, additional, Chen, Edward S., additional, Chinen, Javier, additional, Christopher-Stine, Lisa, additional, Ciancanelli, Michael, additional, Cope, Andrew P., additional, Corry, David B., additional, Crea, Filippo, additional, Cron, Randy Q., additional, Cuellar-Rodriguez, Jennifer M., additional, Dalakas, Marinos C., additional, Dann, Sara M., additional, Diamond, Betty, additional, Du, Terry W., additional, Dupuis-Boisson, Stéphanie, additional, Eagar, Todd N., additional, Elmets, Craig A., additional, Erkan, Doruk, additional, Fanning, Laura, additional, Fikrig, Erol, additional, Flego, Davide, additional, Fleisher, Thomas A., additional, Fonacier, Luz, additional, Fontenot, Andrew P., additional, Freeman, Alexandra F., additional, Frew, Anthony J., additional, Fujihashi, Kohtaro, additional, Gadina, Massimo, additional, Gatt, Moshe E., additional, Gershwin, M. Eric, additional, Gillespie, Susan L., additional, Goronzy, Jörg J., additional, Goswami, Sangeeta, additional, Grattan, Clive E.H., additional, Greenspan, Neil S., additional, Gupta, Sarthak, additional, Gustafson, Claire E., additional, Hall, Russell P., additional, Hamilton, Robert G., additional, Harrington, Laurie E., additional, Harrison, Leonard C., additional, Hasni, Sarfaraz A., additional, Helbling, Arthur, additional, Hester, Joanna, additional, Holland, Steven M., additional, Hourcade, Dennis, additional, Huntington, Nicholas D., additional, Hwangpo, Tracy, additional, Imboden, John B., additional, Issa, Fadi, additional, Izraeli, Shai, additional, Jaffe, Elaine S., additional, Jalkanen, Sirpa, additional, Jones, Stacie, additional, Jouanguy, Emmanuelle, additional, Kabbani, Sarah, additional, Kaufmann, Stefan H.E., additional, Kheradmand, Farrah, additional, Kohn, Donald B., additional, Korngold, Robert, additional, Kovalszki, Anna, additional, Kuhns, Douglas B., additional, Kulkarni, Hrishikesh, additional, Kuo, Caroline Y., additional, Lahouti, Arash, additional, Landgren, C. Ola, additional, Laurence, Arian, additional, Lee, Joyce S., additional, Lemière, Catherine, additional, Leung, Donald Y.M., additional, Levinson, Arnold I., additional, Levy, Ofer, additional, Lewis, Dorothy E., additional, Lin, Phoebe, additional, Linkermann, Andreas, additional, Liuzzo, Giovanna, additional, Lockshin, Michael D., additional, Lord, Allison K., additional, Lozier, Jay N., additional, Luong, Amber, additional, Luqmani, Raashid, additional, Mackay, Meggan, additional, Maltzman, Jonathan S., additional, Mannon, Peter J., additional, Manns, Michael P., additional, Martin, James G., additional, Maynard, Craig L., additional, McCash, Samual, additional, McDonald, Douglas R., additional, Melby, Peter C., additional, Miller, Stephen D., additional, Mitchell, Anna L., additional, Mohd-Zaki, Amirah, additional, Mold, Carolyn, additional, Moller, David R., additional, Monos, Dimitrios S., additional, Mueller, Scott N., additional, Mulders-Manders, Catharina M., additional, Mulligan, Mark J., additional, Müller, Ulrich R., additional, Munshi, Pashna N., additional, Murata, Kazunori, additional, Murphy, Philip M., additional, Navasa, Nicolás, additional, Noel, Pierre, additional, Notarangelo, Luigi D., additional, Nussbaum, Robert L., additional, Nutman, Thomas B., additional, Nutt, Stephen L., additional, Oliveira, João B., additional, Ortel, Thomas L., additional, O'Shea, John J., additional, Pai, Sung-Yun, additional, Pandit, Lavannya, additional, Paul, Mary E., additional, Pearce, Simon H.S., additional, Pedicino, Daniela, additional, Peterson, Erik J., additional, Picard, Capucine, additional, Pittaluga, Stefania, additional, Priel, Debra Long, additional, Puck, Jennifer, additional, Puel, Anne, additional, Radbruch, Andreas, additional, Reece, Stephen T., additional, Reveille, John D., additional, Rich, Robert R., additional, Roifman, Chaim M., additional, Rosen, Antony, additional, Rosenbaum, James T., additional, Rosenzweig, Sergio D., additional, Rouse, Barry T., additional, Rowley, Scott D., additional, Sakaguchi, Shimon, additional, Salmi, Marko, additional, Sant, Andrea J., additional, Satola, Sarah W., additional, Saw, Valerie, additional, Schechter, Marcos C., additional, Schroeder, Harry W., additional, Segal, Benjamin M., additional, Selmi, Carlo, additional, Shankar, Sushma, additional, Sharma, Anu, additional, Sharma, Padmanee, additional, Shearer, William T., additional, Siegel, Richard M., additional, Simon, Anna, additional, Smith, Gideon P., additional, Stephens, David S., additional, Stephens, Robin, additional, Straumann, Alex, additional, Teos, Leyla Y., additional, Timares, Laura, additional, Tonnus, Wulf, additional, Torres, Raul M., additional, Uzel, Gülbü, additional, van der Hilst, Jeroen C.H., additional, van der Meer, Jos W.M., additional, Varga, John, additional, Vyas, Jatin M., additional, Waldman, Meryl, additional, Weiser, Peter, additional, Weller, Peter F., additional, Weyand, Cornelia M., additional, Wigley, Fredrick M., additional, Winchester, Robert J., additional, Wing, James B., additional, Wood, Kathryn J., additional, Wu, Xiaobo, additional, Xu, Hui, additional, Yee, Cassian, additional, and Zhang, Shen-Ying, additional

Published
2019
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41. Should College Education Play a Significant Role in Teaching Students about Ethics?

Author

Coleman, Phillip D., Atkinson, John K., and Waduge, Shashie

Abstract

A ten question survey was administered to a medium size university in the Midwest. The responses were fashioned in a 5-item Likert Scale ranging from Strongly Disagree to Strongly Agree. The results were interpreted by SPSS and relationships, frequencies, and descriptive statistics were drawn from the results of this program. The purpose of this study was to investigate the findings of this survey that indicated that one's education institution should be responsible for ethics training and whether one's sex or race would determine their stand on ethics education. Several items of interest were derived from this study including science and engineering as the only discipline that indicated ethical training could be achieved before one enters university life as indicated in the appendices.

Published
2015

45. Lung epithelial cell–derived C3 protects against pneumonia-induced lung injury

Author

Sahu, Sanjaya K., primary, Ozantürk, Ayşe N., additional, Kulkarni, Devesha H., additional, Ma, Lina, additional, Barve, Ruteja A., additional, Dannull, Linus, additional, Lu, Angel, additional, Starick, Marick, additional, McPhatter, Ja’Nia, additional, Garnica, Lorena, additional, Sanfillipo-Burchman, Maxwell, additional, Kunen, Jeremy, additional, Wu, Xiaobo, additional, Gelman, Andrew E., additional, Brody, Steven L., additional, Atkinson, John P., additional, and Kulkarni, Hrishikesh S., additional

Published
2023
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