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828 results on '"Azhar, Esam I."'

3. Use of Rapid Antigen Detection Tests Versus Viral Culture in De-isolation Decision-Making for Critically Ill Patients Infected with Omicron B.1.1.529

Author

Alshukairi, Abeer N., Dada, Ashraf, Aldabbagh, Yasser, Saeedi, Mohammed F., El-Kafrawy, Sherif A., Hassan, Ahmed M., Alandijany, Thamir A., Al Hroub, Mohammad K., Alraddadi, Basem M., Khalid, Imran, Albishi, Ghadeer E., Qutub, Mohammed, El-Saed, Aiman, Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A., Alhamlan, Fatimah S., Azhar, Esam I., and Al-Omari, Awad

Published
2023
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10. Seroprevalence of Toscana and sandfly fever Sicilian viruses in humans and livestock animals from western Saudi Arabia

Author

Al-numaani, Sarah Ayman, Al-Nemari, Alaa Talat, El-Kafrawy, Sherif A., Hassan, Ahmed M., Tolah, Ahmed M., Alghanmi, Maimonah, Zawawi, Ayat, Masri, Badr Essa, Hindawi, Salwa I., Alandijany, Thamir A., Bajrai, Leena H., Bukhari, Abdullah, Mahmoud, Ahmad Bakur, Al Salem, Waleed S., Algaissi, Abdullah, Charrel, Remi N., Azhar, Esam I., and Hashem, Anwar M.

Published
2023
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22. Structural analogs of 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-6-methyl-3-(pyridin-4-yl)pyrazolo[1,5-a] pyridine for targeting Candida albicans non-essential stress kinase Yck2 through protein-ligand binding and dynamics analysis.

Author

Hassan, Ahmed M., Khateb, Aiah M., Turkistani, Safaa A., Alhamdan, Meshari M., Garout, Raed M., Dwivedi, Vivek Dhar, Azhar, Esam I., Darwish, Khaled Mohamed, and Prakash, Amresh

Abstract

The rise in drug-resistant fungal infections poses a significant public health concern, necessitating the development of new antifungal therapies. We aimed to address this challenge by targeting a yeast casein kinase of Candida albicans for antifungal drug development. The compound library contained 589 chemical structures similar to the previously identified kinase inhibitor GW461484A. Through virtual screening, four compounds with the PubChem IDs 102583821, 12982634, 102487860, and 86260205 were selected based on their binding energies. Hydrophobic bonds and van der Waals interactions stabilised the docked complexes. Comprehensive interaction studies and a 200-nanosecond molecular dynamics simulation suggested that these molecules can maintain stable interactions with the target, as evidenced by satisfactory RMSD and RMSF values. The Rg-RMSD-based Free Energy Landscape of these complexes indicated thermodynamic stability due to the presence of conformers with global minima. These promising findings highlight the potential for developing novel antifungal therapies targeting Yck2 in C. albicans. Further experimental validation is required to assess the efficacy of these compounds as antifungal agents. This research provides a significant step towards combating antifungal resistance and opens up a new avenue for drug discovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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27. Zoonotic Tuberculosis – The Changing Landscape

Author

Kock, Richard, Michel, Anita L., Yeboah-Manu, Dorothy, Azhar, Esam I., Torrelles, Jordi B., Cadmus, Simeon I., Brunton, Lucy, Chakaya, Jeremiah M., Marais, Ben, Mboera, Leonard, Rahim, Zeaur, Haider, Najmul, and Zumla, Alimuddin

Published
2021
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30. Longevity of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Antibody Responses in Humans, Saudi Arabia

Author

Alshukairi, Abeer N., Zhao, Jincun, Mozaini, Maha A. Al-, Wang, Yanqun, Dada, Ashraf, Baharoon, Salim A., Alfaraj, Sara, Ahmed, Waleed A., Enani, Mushira A., Elzein, Fatehi E., Eltayeb, Nazik, Layqah, Laila, Saed, Aiman El-, Bahaudden, Husam A., Haseeb, Abdul, Kafrawy, Sherif A. El-, Hassan, Ahmed M., Siddiq, Najlaa A., Alsharif, Ibtihaj, Qushmaq, Isamel, Azhar, Esam I., Perlman, Stanley, and Memish, Ziad A.

Subjects
Immune response -- Health aspects, Viral antibodies -- Health aspects, Antibodies -- Health aspects, Health
Abstract

Three novel human coronaviruses have caused different worldwide outbreaks that had variable disease severity and geographic distribution: severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) during 2003; Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) [...]

Published
2021
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31. Repurposing of antibacterial compounds for suppression of Mycobacterium tuberculosisdormancy reactivation by targeting resuscitation-promoting factors B

Author

Kumar, Geethu S., Dubey, Amit, Panda, Siva Prasad, Alawi, Maha M., Sindi, Anees A., Azhar, Esam I., Dwivedi, Vivek Dhar, and Agrawal, Sharad

Abstract

AbstractTuberculosis infection has always been a global concern for public health, and the mortality rate has increased tremendously every year. The ability of the resuscitation Mycobacterium tuberculosis(Mtb) from the dormant state is one of the major reasons for the epidemic spread of tuberculosis infection, especially latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). The element that encourages resuscitation, RpfB (resuscitation-promoting factors B), is mostly in charge of bringing Mtbout of slumber. This reason makes RpfB a promising target for developing tuberculosis drugs because of the effects of latent tuberculosis. Therefore, this work was executed using a computational three-level screening of the Selleckhem antibiotics database consisting of 462 antibiotics against the ligand binding region of the RpfB protein, followed by an estimation of binding free energy for ideal identification and confirmation of potential RpfB inhibitor. Subsequently, three antibiotic drug molecules, i.e., Amikacin hydrate (−66.87 kcal/mol), Isepamicin sulphate (−60.8 kcal/mol), and Bekanamycin (−46.89 kcal/mol), were selected on the basis of their binding free energy value for further computational studies in comparison to reference ligand, 4-benzoyl-2-nitrophenyl thiocyanate (NPT7). Based on the intermolecular interaction profiling, 200 ns molecular dynamic simulation (MD), post-simulation analysis and principal component analysis (PCA), the selected antibiotics showed substantial stability with the RpfB protein compared to the NPT7 inhibitor. Conclusively based on the computational results, the preferred drugs can be potent inhibitors of the RpfB protein, which can be further validated using in vivoresearch and in vitroenzyme inhibition to understand their therapeutic activity against tuberculosis infection.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma

Published
2024
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32. Allosteric inhibition of dengue virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase by Litsea cubebaphytochemicals: a computational study

Author

Panday, Hrithika, Jha, Saurabh Kumar, Al-Shehri, Mohammed, Panda, Siva Prasad, Rana, Rashmi, Alwathinani, Nada F., Azhar, Esam I., Dwivedi, Vivek Dhar, and Jha, Abhimanyu Kumar

Abstract

AbstractRNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) is considered a potential drug target for dengue virus (DENV) inhibition and has attracted attention in antiviral drug discovery. Here, we screened 121 natural compounds from Litsea cubebaagainst DENV RdRp using various approaches of computer-based drug discovery. Notably, we identified four potential compounds (Ushinsunine, Cassameridine, (+)-Epiexcelsin, (−)-Phanostenine) with good binding scores and allosteric interactions with the target protein. Moreover, molecular dynamics simulation studies were done to check the conformational stability of the complexes under given conditions. Additionally, we performed post-simulation analysis to find the stability of potential drugs in the target protein. The findings suggest Litsea cubeba-derived phytomolecules as a therapeutic solution to control DENV infection.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma

Published
2024
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34. Immunological and molecular assessment of HIV-1 mutations for antiretroviral drug resistance in Saudi Arabia.

Author

El-Daly, Mai M., Zaher, Kawther A., Zaki, Eitezaz A., Bajrai, Leena H., Alhazmi, Mohammad M., Abdulhaq, Ahmed, and Azhar, Esam I.

Subjects
DRUG resistance, NON-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, NUCLEOSIDE reverse transcriptase inhibitors, HIV, ATAZANAVIR, ANTIRETROVIRAL agents, BIOMARKERS
Abstract

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a significant threat to public health. HIV genotyping and antiretroviral resistance testing may have contributed to improved non-treated management. Immune markers might assist HIV-1 diagnosis and drug-resistant variant identification. HIV-1 immunogenicity and molecular characteristics of antiretroviral drug resistance are evaluated in 56 treatment-naive HIV patients. DNA sequencing and retroviral resistance testing identified HIV-1 genotypes. 55.4% of patients were susceptible to protease inhibitors (PI), nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI), and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI) antiretroviral drugs, whereas 44.6% had drug-resistance mutations against at least one antiretroviral drug. 3.6% of cases had PI-resistant mutations, while 30.4% had NRTI-resistant mutations, and 30.4% had NNRTI-resistant mutations. In patients who are susceptible to PI, the mean value of human plasma sCD80 is 2.11 ± 0.65 ng/mL; in patients with mutations, it is 3.93 ± 2.91 ng/mL. Individuals who are susceptible to PI have plasma sCD27 levels of 78.7 ± 63.2 U/mL, whereas individuals who are mutant have levels of 56.5 ± 32.1 U/mL. IP-10's mean value was 363 ± 109.2 pg/mL for the susceptible patients and 429 ± 20.7 pg/mL for the mutated patients. In susceptible patients, the plasma sCD4 level is 0.163 ± 0.229 ng/mL; in mutant patients, it is 0.084 ± 0.012 ng/mL. The data showed a relative relation between immunological parameters such as sCD80, sCD27, sCD4, and IP-10 and mutation for drug resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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48. Meningitis and Bacteremia by Unusual Serotype of Salmonella enterica Strain: A Whole Genome Analysis.

Author

Brek, Thamer, Gohal, Gassem A., Yasir, Muhammad, Azhar, Esam I., and Al-Zahrani, Ibrahim A.

Subjects
GENOME-wide association studies, MENINGITIS, BACTEREMIA, SEROTYPES, SALMONELLA, CHILDREN
Abstract

Background. Although meningitis caused by Salmonella species is relatively rare and accounts for <1% of the confirmed cases in neonates, it is associated with case complications and fatality rates up to 50–70% when compared to other forms of Gram-negative bacilli meningitis. Objectives. We conducted an investigation into the first reported case of neonatal meningitis caused by nontyphoidal S. enterica in Jazan, a region in the southwestern part of Saudi Arabia. Methods. CSF and blood culture were collected from a female neonate patient to confirm the presence of bacterial meningitis. WGS was conducted to find out the comprehensive genomic characterization of S. enterica isolate. Results. A 3-week-old infant was admitted to a local hospital with fever, poor feeding, and hypoactivity. She was diagnosed with Salmonella meningitis and bacteremia caused by S. enterica, which was sensitive to all antimicrobials tested. WGS revealed the specific strain to be S. enterica serotype Johannesburg JZ01, belonging to ST515 and cgMLST 304742. Conclusions. We presented a genomic report of rare case of NTS meningitis in an infant who is living in a rural town in Jazan region, Saudi Arabia. Further research is required to understand the impact of host genetic factors on invasive nontyphoidal Salmonella infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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49. Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C Infections among Female Inmates in a Prison in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Author

El-Daly, Mai M., Fageeh, Wafa, El-Kafrawy, Sherif A., Farraj, Suha A., Uthman, Norah A., Badroon, Nassrin, Alwathinani, Nada F., Yaghmoor, Soonham S., Kumosani, Taha A., and Azhar, Esam I.

Subjects
HEPATITIS B, VIRAL hepatitis, HEPATITIS C, SEXUALLY transmitted diseases, HEPATITIS C virus, HEPATITIS B virus
Abstract

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are major health concerns worldwide. Recent data indicate a decline in prevalence in the Saudi population; however, there are no data on the prevalence in prisoners. This study is the first to investigate the prevalence of viral hepatitis in female inmates in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. This study aimed to explore the prevalence of HBV and HCV infections and to assess the knowledge and attitudes related to these infections among inmates. Methods: Inmates were interviewed using a pre-designed questionnaire, and their blood samples were tested for HBV and HCV infections using serology, PCR, and phylogenetic analysis. Results: The overall prevalence of HBV infection in the study population was 4.4%. The age group > 25 years was predominantly affected; 11.1% of the infected cases were Saudi nationals, and 88.9% were non-Saudis. The prevalence of HCV infection was 2.4%. Among the studied variables, age and previous employment were significantly associated with positive HBV PCR, while conviction, knowledge about protection from sexually transmitted infections (STIs), knowledge about condom use for protection against STIs, and condom use for protection against STIs were significantly associated with HCV infection. Conclusions: This study shows higher HBV and HCV prevalence in the female prisoners in Briman prison compared to the general population. Uneducated prisoners, over 25 years old, and convicted of prostitution are more associated with both HBV and HCV infection. Future preventive plans should include screening new prisoners with these risk factors for HBV and HCV at the time of entry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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