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The crisis faced by foreign students need to be addressed to ensure that the goal of completing their study is achieved successfully. Financial issue has been identified as the main problem. Hence, this study was done to explore major issues faced by foreign students throughout their life in campus. This is a qualitative study using interview sessions as a study design. The subject in this study is a 21 year-old Indonesian student who faced stress and loss of concentration in her study due to financial problem. This study revealed that the financial issue is the common theme experienced by the respondent. This is due to the relevancy that money is one of the most important things to survive in life, and it has become a ‘mediator’ for resources toward basic needs in life. Reality therapy and in particular the techniques of WDEP and SAMIC was employed in the counselling session to help deal with the respondent’s issues. Indeed, this study highlighted the success of using Reality Therapy to help the respondent in making sound decisions to solve issues faced. It was also noted that the therapist plays an active role in helping the respondent to be aware and responsible in solving her issues.

The mother’s role is essential in an adolescent’s development due to the challenges of life and exposure to the outside world, which affect and constantly change the mother’s role. This study intends to explore the experiences of the mother’s roles in the mother-child relationship among adolescents with unwanted pregnancies. A phenomenological approach was employed to obtain the essence of the experiences. A total of 10 participants comprising of five pregnant adolescents and their mothers were interviewed to understand the role played by the adolescents’ mothers during the pregnancy. A diary was distributed among the adolescents to allow them to externalise and express the experiences that they had with their mothers while being pregnant. This study used thematic analysis because it is flexible in interpreting the data and allows to approach large data sets more easily by sorting them into broad themes. Five themes emerged as follows: (a) supervising and monitoring, (b) rules and regulations, (c) showing affection, (d) educating adolescents, and (e) giving encouragement and support. This study provided insights on the mothers’ struggles in raising their adolescents which were highlighted from two perspectives: adolescents and mothers. The findings revealed the challenges faced by the mothers with various types of family structure.

Facing stigma on both HIV and sexuality by the larger society puts significant pressure and stress on the LGBTQ living with HIV to cope with their diagnosis. The promotion of coping strategies as an intervention to increase well-being among PLHIV needs to consider current findings to remain relevant. This systematic review took 17 articles from 2008 to 2018 to provide a comprehensive analysis of issues that influenced coping strategies and investigate the association of the chosen coping strategy with their mental health. The results indicated that the impact of double stigma amplifies the challenge faced by the LGBTQ community to deal with their HIV diagnosis and had a significant impact on their mental health wellbeing. Both positive and negative coping styles were present as coping strategies employed with positive coping being used more as a chosen strategy. Each presenting coping strategy was reviewed, with depression and anxiety becoming the baseline indicator to reflect mental health status. This systematic review also revealed that the positive coping strategy does not necessarily lead to a positive psychological state as it is dependent on the changeability of the stressor faced. The findings emphasized the complexities in untangling the influence of coping on wellbeing among PLHIV. More attention should be paid to the mechanisms of stressor appraisal in selecting a more suitable coping strategy.

This study aims to assess the association between managers' support, motivation to learn, and training application. The survey method utilizes to collect data from employees at Central Government Agencies in Putrajaya, Malaysia. The SmartPLS was employed to evaluate the quality of survey questionnaire data and test the research hypotheses. SmartPLS path analysis model's findings displayed that managers' support affects training application by the mediation with motivation to learn. This finding provides essential recommendations that practitioners may use to understand different motivations to learn and formulate a training master plan that may inspire employees to maintain and accomplish their organizations' strategies and goals in times of global competition and economic uncertainty.JEL Classification: M53, M54How to Cite:Mohamad, N. I., Ismail, A., & Nor, A. M. (2021). Relationship Between Managers’ Support and Training Application with Motivation to Learn as Mediator. Etikonomi, 20(1), 119 – 136. https://doi.org/10.15408/etk.v20i1.15231.

This study examines the prevalence rate of emotional distress and identifies its stressors among Malaysian women during the COVID-19 nationwide lockdown. Self-administered questionnaires based on p...

Online learning has significantly expanded along with the spread of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Personalization becomes an essential component of learning systems due to students' different learning styles and abilities. Recommending materials that meet the needs and are tailored to learners' styles and abilities is necessary to ensure a personalized learning system. The study conducted a systematic literature review (SLR) of papers on recommendation systems for e-learning in the K12 setting published between 2017 and 2021 and aims to identify the most important component of a personalized recommender system for school students' e-learning. Recommendations for later studies were proposed based on the identified components, namely a personalized conceptual framework for providing materials to school students. The proposed framework comprised four stages: student profiling, material collection, material filtering, and validation.

Latar Belakang dan Tujuan: Program pementoran merupakan satu kaedah latihan di tempat kerja yang dilaksanakan oleh mentor untuk membimbing kerjaya dan psikososial menti bagi mencapai matlamat dan strategi organisasi dalam era persaingan global. Kajian ini merupakan satu tinjauan untuk menilai hubungan langsung antara peranan mentor dalam membantu menti meningkatkan kejayaan kerjaya mereka. Metodologi: Populasi kajian melibatkan 336 penjawat awam yang telah mengikuti program pementoran formal di Jabatan Perkhidmatan Awam, Malaysia. Kaedah persampelan yang digunakan ialah persampelan bertujuan yang mana kajian terdiri daripada penjawat awam yang telah di lantik sebagai menti bagi Program Pementoran Perkhidmatan Awam tahun 2014 hingga 2016 seramai 136 menti. Instrumen yang digunakan ialah kaedah kaji selidik bagi menggumpul data. Data yang diperolehi dikumpul dan dianalisis secara deskriptif menggunakan perisian Smart Partial Least Squares (SmartPLS) untuk menentukan tahap kesahan dan kebolehpercayaan instrumen, serta menguji hipotesis kajian. Dapatan Kajian: Dapatan kajian ini menghasilkan empat penemuan penting: pertama, fungsi kerjaya mempunyai perkaitan yang positif dan signifikan dengan kepuasan kerjaya. Kedua, fungsi kerjaya mempunyai perkaitan yang positif dan signifikan dengan motivasi kerjaya. Ketiga, fungsi psikososial mempunyai perkaitan yang positif dan signifikan dengan kepuasan kerjaya. Akhir sekali, fungsi psikososial mempunyai perkaitan yang positif dan signifikan dengan motivasi kerjaya. Sumbangan: Keputusan kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa keupayaan mentor melaksanakan fungsi kerjaya dan psikososial secara teratur dapat meningkatkan kepuasan kerjaya dan motivasi kerjaya menti dalam organisasi kajian. Kata Kunci: Fungsi kerjaya, fungsi psikososial, kepuasan kerjaya, motivasi kerjaya, pementoran. Abstract Background and Purpose: Mentoring program helps in increasing the morale of the employees and motivates them to achieve organisational goals in an era of global competition. This study was conducted to evaluate a direct relationship between mentors’ roles and mentee achievements. Methodology: The population of the study is 336 civil servants who involved in a formal mentoring program at Public Service Department in Malaysia. A total of 136 respondents were purposively sampled and they were in the Mentoring Program for Public Service Department for year 2014 to 2016. Data collected using questionnaires were analyzed descriptively using Smart Partial Least Squares (SmartPLS) to evaluate the confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modelling for testing the hypothesized ralations. Findings: Result revealed four important outcomes: first, career function was significantly related to mentees’ career satisfaction. Secondly, career function was significantly related to mentees’ career motivation. Thirdly, psychosocial function was significantly related to mentees’ career satisfaction. Finally, psychosocial function was significantly related to mentees’ career motivation. Contributions: This result demonstrates that the ability of mentors to appropriately implement career and psychosocial functions can enhance mentees’ career achievements in the examined organizations. Keywords: Career function, career motivation, job satisfaction, mentoring, psychosocial function. Cite as: Abdullah, N. A., Ismail, A., Mohamad Nor, A., Abu Hasand, N., & Samate, O. (2020). Peranan mentor dalam meningkatkan kejayaan kerjaya menti: Satu kajian di jabatan perkhidmatan awam Malaysia [Mentors’ roles in enhancing mentee’s career outcomes: A case of Malaysian public sector]. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 5(1), 315-335. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol5iss1pp315-335

This study concerns the degree of autonomy in English Language Learning (ELL) amongst the ESL (English as a Second Language) teacher trainees in Sarawak. This is part of a larger study which aims to investigate the relationship between ESL teacher trainees’ self-rating in ELL and their degree of autonomy based on their perceived ELL. The Pedagogy-Andragogy-Heutagogy Continuum Framework is used to guide the study. Data were collected from questionnaire distributed to 259 ESL trainee teachers from four IPG (Teacher Training Institute) campuses in Sarawak. The data were analysed through descriptive analysis and correlation tests using SPSS version 22. The results revealed that the degree of autonomy of the ESL teacher trainees in ELL is high with significant but weak relationship between their self-rating with ELL and their degree of autonomy. This study adds to the limited data on the learner autonomy of ESL teacher trainees which should be addressed in the Malaysian Education Blueprint. We recommend that future education policy gives more attention in developing teacher trainees’ learner autonomy in order to ensure the alignment between second language teacher training and the development of 21st century learner skills as stated in the Malaysian Education Blueprint. Keywords: ESL trainee teachers, learner autonomy, Malaysian education blueprint, second language teacher education, 21st century learner skills Cite as: Sarkawi, S., Sharatol Ahmad Shah, S., Senom, F., & Mohamad Nor, A. (2019). Teacher trainees’ journey to develop learner autonomy. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 4(2), 282-301. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol4iss2pp282-301

Research Aims: This study is undertaken to extend the literature by examining the mediating effect of trust in supervisors between perceived interactional fairness in reward systems and organizational commitment . Design/Methodology/Approach: The SmartPLS was applied to analyze the survey questionnaire data gathered from employees at a national audit department in Malaysia. Research Findings: The results display effect of perceived interactional fairness in reward systems on organizational commitment is mediated by trust in supervisors. Theoretical Contribution/Originality: This study has proved the effectiveness of perceived interactional fairness as an essential mediating variable in the administration of reward systems. Managerial Implication in the Southeast Asian Context: The findings of this study could help superiors in public organizations to encourage and support their supervisors in implementing good treatment styles for enhancing fairness in making pay decisions and interacting with diverse subordinates. If employees trust to their supervisors this situation may enhance the effect of employees’ perceived fairness in reward systems on organizational commitment in Southeast public organizations. Research Limitations & Implications : T his study is limited by its sample , self-report questionnaire scale and exclusion of several imporant demographic variables (e.g., gender, age, education, position and length of service) in the research model.

Since the first nationwide movement control order was implemented on 18 March 2020 in Malaysia to contain the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak, to what extent the uncertainty and continuous containment measures have imposed psychological burdens on the population is unknown. This study aimed to measure the level of mental health of the Malaysian public approximately 2 months after the pandemic’s onset. Between 12 May and 5 September 2020, an anonymous online survey was conducted. The target group included all members of the Malaysian population aged 18 years and above. The Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21) was used to assess mental health. There were increased depressive, anxiety and stress symptoms throughout the study period, with the depression rates showing the greatest increase. During the end of the data collection period (4 August–5 September 2020), there were high percentages of reported depressive (59.2%) and anxiety (55.1%) symptoms compared with stress (30.6%) symptoms. Perceived health status was the strongest significant predictor for depressive and anxiety symptoms. Individuals with a poorer health perception had higher odds of developing depression (odds ratio [OR] = 5.68; 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.81–8.47) and anxiety (OR = 3.50; 95%CI 2.37–5.17) compared with those with a higher health perception. By demographics, young people–particularly students, females and people with poor financial conditions–were more vulnerable to mental health symptoms. These findings provide an urgent call for increased attention to detect and provide intervention strategies to combat the increasing rate of mental health problems in the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.

Perceived fairness in pay system has two critical features, namely procedural fairness and distributive fairness. Recent studies have shown that the capability of employers to propose and administer pay systems appropriately, including allocating pay and determining the value of pay in a fair manner, has a positive association with employees’ work-related attitude. Although this association has been well-researched, the role of perceived fairness as a vital predicting variable of work-related attitude, particularly towards job satisfaction and organizational commitment, has still not been thoroughly deliberated. Hence, this study fills this gap. Self-report survey questionnaires were collected from the employees of a public audit agency in Peninsular Malaysia. Smart PLS software was utilized to assess the quality of the research instrument and test the research hypotheses. The results of hypothesis testing confirm that perceived procedural fairness and distributive fairness in managing the pay system, are important determinants of job satisfaction and organizational commitment in the examined organization. Additionally, this study offers useful guidelines for practitioners to improve the pay management system and proposes future studies.

Tekanan kerja dapat mempengaruhi kesejahteraan dan prestasi organisasi. Kajian terbaharu mendedahkan bahawa tahap tekanan kerja mempunyai tiga elemen yang sangat penting, iaitu kesamaran tanggungjawab, pertelingkahan tanggungjawab dan beban tanggungjawab. Tahap tekanan yang tinggi tidak meningkatkan konflik kerja-keluarga apabila kesanggupan penyelia menghulurkan sokongan kepada pekerja dalam organisasi. Sungguhpun perhubungan ini dikaji secara meluas, namun peranan sokongan penyelia sebagai pemboleh ubah penyederhanaan yang efektif kurang dibincangkan secara terperinci dalam literatur penyelidikan tingkah laku organisasi. Kajian ini dilaksanakan untuk menilai perhubungan antara tekanan kerja, sokongan penyelia dan konflik kerja-keluarga. Borang soal selidik tadbir sendiri telah digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data daripada staf yang berkhidmat di berbagai bahagian dalam sebuah agensi pusat kerajaan persekutuan Malaysia. Keputusan analisis model SmartPLS menunjukkan bahawa tahap tekanan kerja (tahap kesamaran tanggungjawab, pertelingkahan tanggungjawab dan beban tanggungjawab) yang tinggi tidak berupaya meningkatkan konflik kerja-keluarga apabila penyelia sanggup menghulurkan sokongan yang berkesan dalam melaksanakan operasi kerja harian. Oleh itu, dapatan kajian ini boleh digunakan sebagai perakuan-perakuan penting bagi membantu pihak pengurusan dalam memahami konsep sokongan penyelia yang bersifat multidimensi dan merangka program sokongan pekerja bagi mencapai dan mengekalkan misi dan wawasan organisasi dalam zaman globalisasi dan ekonomi yang sukar diramalkan.

Relevant information is critical in assisting families and teachers to help students with disabilities in planning their careers appropriate for their capabilities and abilities. Having the correct information and understanding will alleviate the psychological burden faced by family members in dealing with children with special educational needs. This study aimed to explore the knowledge and understanding of parents with special needs on the job marketability of their children. This qualitative study was conducted with 11 multi-case multi-site families of special education students. The consultation process for phase one involved consultations conducted by special education teacher trainees. The second phase of consultation and collaborative process involved students and special education students with undergraduate education guidance and counselling. The verbatim data were analysed using NVivo 11. The study showed that families still lack knowledge in the marketability of their special needs children particularly due to the limited information channel. The findings showed that knowledge on job marketability can help the parents plan their special needs children’s job marketability, which in turn, would directly contribute to the family wellbeing.

Research Aims: According to the present research concerning organizational training, managers' communication are often seen as a critical training management issue that may help to maintain and enhance organizational competitiveness and performance in a borderless world and era of globalization. In this study, the relationship between managers' communication, motivation to learn and training application was evaluated at military hospitals in Peninsular Malaysia. Design/methodology/approach: The SmartPLS path model analysis was utilized to examine the research hypotheses and evaluate the validity and reliability of instrument used. Research Findings: The results demonstrate that the capability of managers to communicate the training courses information will strongly invoke employees' motivation to learn. Theoretical Contribution/Originality: As a result, this motivation may lead to an improved training application in a military health context. Managerial Implication in the South East Asian context : Managers play a critical role in dissemination of the organisation's aspiration to the rank and file. Research limitation & I mplications : The conclusion of this study should be taken carefully with some methodological and conceptual limitations.

There is an average of five rape cases reported in Malaysia on a daily basis. The problem lies not in the hands of an individual or a few misogynistic men but in society as a whole. It lies in the mind-set of the people and every one of us taking part in rape culture by endorsing rape myths. Rape myth acceptance within the Malaysian society encourages sexual assaults or sexual violence. Some of the popular rape myths are the victim’s choice of clothing, emotional reactions of victims, presence of physical injuries, rape happens between strangers, women lie about rape, and men cannot be raped. These most common rape myths are discussed and then debunked. Subsequently, the aftermath of rape is explained. Proactive actions against rape are also presented as many of the existing school-based programs against rape are lopsided as women are taught on how to avoid rape instead of men being taught to respect women and prevent rape. This article aims to serve as an eye-opener for Malaysian counselors, psychologists, educators, and society as a whole to build up their knowledge, skills, and experience when working or dealing with rape victims.

Present literature related to human resource development highlights that training management is a strategic human resource management policy. This issue has been viewed as a remarkable phenomenon in dynamic organizations. Recent studies mostly published in the 21 st century proved that the ability of management to plan and implement training programs may produce a noteworthy effect on work related attitudes, particularly in training transfer. This study incorporates a cross-sectional design as it delivers flexibility to the researchers in incorporating the training management literature, a self-administered questionnaires and semi-structured interview to gather data from participants at a military medical corps using a purposive sampling method. They are the administrators , medical doctors , nurses and supporting staff who work in different divisions with in the organization. The SmartPLS path model analysis was utilized to analyze the validity and reliability of the instrument, and thus testing the research hypotheses. The results of SmartPLS path model analysis revealed that the implementation of communication and assignment in managing training programs had led to higher employees’ motivation to transfer, while implementation of support in managing training programs had not led to higher employees’ motivation to transfer in the organizational sample. Therefore, this study further suggests that communication and assignment should be considered as a critical success factor for the training management domain, as well as external and internal obstacles should be comprehensively evaluated to maintain and achieve the training goals in an era of knowledge-based organization. Keywords: Assignment, communication, support, training management, training transfer. Cite as: Ismail, A., Foboy, N. A., Mohamad Nor, A., Abdullah, A. A., & Ismail, Y. (2019). Training management as an antecedent of training transfer . Journal of Nusantara Studies, 4 (1), 136-158. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol4iss1pp136-158