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1. Ice particle habit and surface roughness derived from PARASOL polarization measurements

Author

B. H. Cole, P. Yang, B. A. Baum, J. Riedi, and L. C.-Labonnote

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract

Ice clouds are an important element in the radiative balance of the earth's climate system, but their microphysical and optical properties still are not well constrained, especially ice particle habit and the degree of particle surface roughness. In situ observations have revealed common ice particle habits and evidence for surface roughness, but these observations are limited. An alternative is to infer the ice particle shape and surface roughness from satellite observations of polarized reflectivity since they are sensitive to both particle shape and degree of surface roughness. In this study an adding–doubling radiative transfer code is used to simulate polarized reflectivity for nine different ice habits and one habit mixture, along with 17 distinct levels of the surface roughness. A lookup table (LUT) is constructed from the simulation results and used to infer shape and surface roughness from PARASOL satellite polarized reflectivity data over the ocean. Globally, the retrievals yield a compact aggregate of columns as the most commonly retrieved ice habit. Analysis of PARASOL data from the tropics results in slightly more aggregates than in midlatitude or polar regions. Some level of surface roughness is inferred in nearly 70% of PARASOL data, with mean and median roughness near σ = 0.2 and 0.15, respectively. Tropical region analyses have 20% more pixels retrieved with particle surface roughness than in midlatitude or polar regions. The global asymmetry parameter inferred at a wavelength of 0.865 μm has a mean value of 0.77 and a median value of 0.75.

Published
2014
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5. Creating Effective Cultural Competence Workshops for Australian Higher Education Staff

Author

Gabrielle Russell, Amy B. McHugh-Cole, and Rachael Freya Simons

Subjects
Torres strait, Higher education, business.industry, Pedagogy, Workforce, Sociology, business, Curriculum, Cultural competence, Indigenous
Abstract

Cultural competence, and Indigenous cultural competence in particular, is recognised as a priority in Australian higher education (Universities Australia, 2011). There is a need to develop the knowledge, skills and attitudes required to engage respectively and effectively in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander contexts in tertiary education settings across the country (Universities Australia, 2011). This chapter details a study conducted by the National Centre for Cultural Competence (NCCC), in its journey to embed cultural competence across a large higher education workforce. The study documents the creation and delivery of in-person workshops to determine the effectiveness of this approach in building understandings of, and commitment to, cultural competence among staff.

Published
2020
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6. P171Blood correction of native T1 increases detection of cardiac involvement in patients with fabry disease

Author

Ravi Vijapurapu, Richard P. Steeds, James C. Moon, Peter Kellman, Rebecca Kozor, Sabrina Nordin, Martin Ugander, Jannike Nickander, and B R Cole

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Internal medicine, medicine, Cardiology, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, In patient, General Medicine, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, medicine.disease, Fabry disease
Published
2019
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7. Cultural competence: a key component for training global citizens

Author

Amy B. McHugh-Cole, Gabrielle Russell-Mundine, and Rachael Freya Simons

Subjects
Strategic planning, Medical education, Higher education, business.industry, Teaching, Educational systems, Australia, Cultural competence, Higher Education, Training (civil), Indigenous, Global citizenship, Globalization, Component (UML), Learning, Sociology, business
Abstract

As globalization continues to make cross-cultural interactions more of a reality, the need to develop the cultural competence of students and staff is imperative. The University of Sydney has included cultural competence in its 2016-20 strategic plan, necessitating the embedding of cultural competence across all functions of the University. The National Centre for Cultural Competence (NCCC) at The University of Sydney was created to lead the thinking on cultural competence, which includes creating teaching and learning resources to guide University students and staff on their cultural competence journey. In this paper, we discuss a cultural competence seminar developed and delivered by the NCCC to students participating in a broader program designed to educate and prepare them to be global citizens. We will examine the efficacy of our approach to cultural competence training with this particular cohort of students.

Published
2018

9. Ice cloud single-scattering property models with the full phase matrix at wavelengths from 0.2 to 100µm

Author

B. H. Cole, Carl G. Schmitt, Andrew J. Heymsfield, Bryan A. Baum, Chenxi Wang, Ping Yang, Aronne Merrelli, and Aaron Bansemer

Subjects
Ice cloud, Radiation, Materials science, Aggregate (composite), business.industry, Scattering, Longwave, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Light scattering, Wavelength, Optics, Radiative transfer, business, Shortwave, Spectroscopy
Abstract

Ice cloud bulk scattering models are derived for 445 discrete wavelengths between 0.2 µm and 100 µm. The methodology for deriving these optical models is based on microphysical data from 11 field campaigns using a variety of in situ probes, and incorporates a correction to mitigate the impact of ice particles that shatter at the probe inlets. The models are also based on a new library of ice habit single scattering properties developed for plates, droxtals, hollow and solid columns, hollow and solid bullet rosettes, an aggregate of solid columns, and a small/large aggregate of plates. Three sets of models are developed that assume the use of solid columns only, the aggregate of solid columns only, and a general habit mixture that incorporates all the habits. The consistency of the resulting models is explored. While the general habit mixture provides consistency with in situ microphysical measurements and the closest agreement with polarized reflectivities observed by the POLDER instrument on the PARASOL satellite, the aggregate of severely roughened solid columns provides the closest agreement between solar and infrared optical thicknesses. Finally, spectral results are presented for the shortwave and longwave models.

Published
2014
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10. Regional Strain Determination and Myocardial Infarction Detection by Three-Dimensional Echocardiography with Varied Temporal Resolution

Author

David J. Sahn, Jill Panosian, Meihua Zhu, Muhammad Ashraf, Zhijun Zhang, B A Cole Streiff, and Xubo Song

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Strain (chemistry), Swine, business.industry, Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional, Myocardial Infarction, Pulsatile flow, Reproducibility of Results, Infarction, Three dimensional echocardiography, medicine.disease, Surgery, Disease Models, Animal, medicine.anatomical_structure, Sonomicrometry, Ventricle, Internal medicine, Temporal resolution, medicine, Cardiology, Animals, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Myocardial infarction, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Abstract

Background: Three-dimensional echocardiography (3DE) is a promising method for strain determination; however, there are temporal resolution concerns. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility and accuracy of 3DE on longitudinal and circumferential strain (LS, CS) determination and infarction detection under variable frame rates (FR) and “heart rates” (stroke rates [SR]) conditions. Methods: Latex balloons were sewn into the left ventricle (LV) of 20 freshly harvested pig hearts which were then passively driven by a pulsatile pump apparatus at stroke volumes (SV) 30–70 mL. The hearts were pumped at 2 normal limits of human heart rate. Full-volume data were acquired before and after a simulated myocardial infarction (MI) at the 2 most commonly used FRs. LS and CS values were evaluated against sonomicrometry. Results: Longitudinal strain and CS derived from high FR acquisitions showed statistically superior correlations with sonomicrometry data (LS: R 2 = 0.85, CS: R 2 = 0.84) than strain values from low FR (LS: R 2 = 0.78, CS: R 2 = 0.76) (all P < 0.01). After MI induction, LS and CS at different FRs were significantly decreased while maintaining excellent correlations with sonomicrometry data (all P < 0.001). There is no statistical difference of strain values between different SR acquisitions. Conclusion: Three-dimensional wall-motion tracking has the ability to accurately determine regional myocardial deformation and detect MI. Different heart rates within a physiologically relevant range have no effect on 3D strain accuracy. Strain values calculated from higher frame rate acquisitions were found to have a slightly better accuracy. (Echocardiography 2014;00:1–10)

Published
2014
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11. Ice particle habit and surface roughness derived from PARASOL polarization measurements

Author

Jerome Riedi, Laurent C.-Labonnote, B. H. Cole, Bryan A. Baum, and Ping Yang

Subjects
Earth's energy budget, Atmospheric Science, Materials science, Mineralogy, Surface finish, Polarization (waves), lcsh:QC1-999, lcsh:Chemistry, Wavelength, lcsh:QD1-999, Middle latitudes, Surface roughness, Radiative transfer, Polar, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, lcsh:Physics, Remote sensing
Abstract

Ice clouds are an important element in the radiative balance of the earth's climate system, but their microphysical and optical properties still are not well constrained, especially ice particle habit and the degree of particle surface roughness. In situ observations have revealed common ice particle habits and evidence for surface roughness, but these observations are limited. An alternative is to infer the ice particle shape and surface roughness from satellite observations of polarized reflectivity since they are sensitive to both particle shape and degree of surface roughness. In this study an adding–doubling radiative transfer code is used to simulate polarized reflectivity for nine different ice habits and one habit mixture, along with 17 distinct levels of the surface roughness. A lookup table (LUT) is constructed from the simulation results and used to infer shape and surface roughness from PARASOL satellite polarized reflectivity data over the ocean. Globally, the retrievals yield a compact aggregate of columns as the most commonly retrieved ice habit. Analysis of PARASOL data from the tropics results in slightly more aggregates than in midlatitude or polar regions. Some level of surface roughness is inferred in nearly 70% of PARASOL data, with mean and median roughness near σ = 0.2 and 0.15, respectively. Tropical region analyses have 20% more pixels retrieved with particle surface roughness than in midlatitude or polar regions. The global asymmetry parameter inferred at a wavelength of 0.865 μm has a mean value of 0.77 and a median value of 0.75.

Published
2014

13. Spectrally Consistent Scattering, Absorption, and Polarization Properties of Atmospheric Ice Crystals at Wavelengths from 0.2 to 100 μm

Author

Kuo-Nan Liou, Bryan A. Baum, Lei Bi, Ping Yang, George W. Kattawar, Michael I. Mishchenko, and B. H. Cole

Subjects
Atmospheric Science, Materials science, Geometrical optics, Ice crystals, business.industry, Scattering, Discrete dipole approximation, Polarization (waves), Molecular physics, Wavelength, Optics, Radiative transfer, Surface roughness, business
Abstract

A data library is developed containing the scattering, absorption, and polarization properties of ice particles in the spectral range from 0.2 to 100 μm. The properties are computed based on a combination of the Amsterdam discrete dipole approximation (ADDA), the T-matrix method, and the improved geometric optics method (IGOM). The electromagnetic edge effect is incorporated into the extinction and absorption efficiencies computed from the IGOM. A full set of single-scattering properties is provided by considering three-dimensional random orientations for 11 ice crystal habits: droxtals, prolate spheroids, oblate spheroids, solid and hollow columns, compact aggregates composed of eight solid columns, hexagonal plates, small spatial aggregates composed of 5 plates, large spatial aggregates composed of 10 plates, and solid and hollow bullet rosettes. The maximum dimension of each habit ranges from 2 to 10 000 μm in 189 discrete sizes. For each ice crystal habit, three surface roughness conditions (i.e., smooth, moderately roughened, and severely roughened) are considered to account for the surface texture of large particles in the IGOM applicable domain. The data library contains the extinction efficiency, single-scattering albedo, asymmetry parameter, six independent nonzero elements of the phase matrix (P11, P12, P22, P33, P43, and P44), particle projected area, and particle volume to provide the basic single-scattering properties for remote sensing applications and radiative transfer simulations involving ice clouds. Furthermore, a comparison of satellite observations and theoretical simulations for the polarization characteristics of ice clouds demonstrates that ice cloud optical models assuming severely roughened ice crystals significantly outperform their counterparts assuming smooth ice crystals.

Published
2013
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14. Comparison of PARASOL Observations with Polarized Reflectances Simulated Using Different Ice Habit Mixtures

Author

F. Thieuleux, Jerome Riedi, Laurent C.-Labonnote, B. H. Cole, Steven Platnick, Bryan A. Baum, and Ping Yang

Subjects
Atmospheric Science, Ice cloud, Materials science, Atmospheric radiative transfer codes, Lidar, Ice crystals, Radiative transfer, Surface roughness, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Sea ice concentration, Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Light scattering, Remote sensing
Abstract

Insufficient knowledge of the habit distribution and the degree of surface roughness of ice crystals within ice clouds is a source of uncertainty in the forward light scattering and radiative transfer simulations of ice clouds used in downstream applications. The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) collection-5 ice microphysical model presumes a mixture of various ice crystal shapes with smooth facets, except for the compact aggregate of columns for which a severely rough condition is assumed. When compared with Polarization and Anisotropy of Reflectances for Atmospheric Sciences coupled with Observations from a Lidar (PARASOL) polarized reflection data, simulations of polarized reflectance using smooth particles show a poor fit to the measurements, whereas very rough-faceted particles provide an improved fit to the polarized reflectance. In this study a new microphysical model based on a mixture of nine different ice crystal habits with severely roughened facets is developed. Simulated polarized reflectance using the new ice habit distribution is calculated using a vector adding–doubling radiative transfer model, and the simulations closely agree with the polarized reflectance observed by PARASOL. The new general habit mixture is also tested using a spherical albedo differences analysis, and surface roughening is found to improve the consistency of multiangular observations. These results are consistent with previous studies that have used polarized reflection data. It is suggested that an ice model incorporating an ensemble of different habits with severely roughened surfaces would potentially be an adequate choice for global ice cloud retrievals.

Published
2013
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17. Toll-like receptors (PP-001)

Author

D. J. Weisdorf, C. Svanborg, Q. Wang, P. Ekpo, D. Kim, M. Park, X. Liang, H. J. Kwak, D. Spencer, N. Srisamut, P. Datta, L. Bulat-Kardum, H. D. Ochs, F. E. Sepulveda, L. Song, A. Kariyone, M. Ogasawara, J. Jang, A. Junpee, K. Agematsu, D. R. Stach-Machado, H. Kariya, Daniela Verthelyi, K. Itoh, K. Yamazaki, W. Cheng, K. Miyake, S. Rezania, Q. Zhang, H. O. Bianchi, Y. Takeda, S. M. Kim, C. M. Blum, S. Ohta, J. C. Lee, F. Liu, M. E. Abdalsalam, Y. Sher, J. Cho, N. Nilsen, S. Das, J. Munz, K. A. Fitzgerald, Y. Jung, S. Hellmig, J. Inoue, W. W. Agace, C. Knetter, S. Sasawatari, F. Willems, T. Tomita, S. Akira, C. A. Palha De Sousa, C. L. Zawislak, D. Cole, P. Thuss-Patience, H. Jarmer, T. Espevik, F. Shokri, Ihsan Gursel, H. Yang, J. Seo, C. Gfell, D. H. Kim, J. N. Smith, X. Shen, F. Skjeldal, O. Bakke, E. P. Sgroe, A. Lennon-Dumenil, T. Hayashi, S. Rasmussen, S. Hong, I. Chung, J. Conlon, L. Cabanie, S. Gretschel, Y. Zhang, Y. Sakurai, S. Amigorena, M. Hattori, A. Ta, J. Zhang, H. An, R. A. Kurt, M. A. Zacks, M. Shirakawa, J. S. Rush, N. Parvizzadeh, M. Chen, J. Y. Kang, S. Kim, M. L. Salem, C. Yang, S. Maschalidi, O. Kumpf, X. Cao, J. S. Miller, O. Naga, D. Kanistanon, J. Lee, B. R. Blazar, Y. Liu, V. Flamand, D. Wakita, L. Grajkowska, Özlem Aslan, T. Seya, R. Lindblom, P. Abrahão, C. Ghirelli, N. M. Rachmawati, H. Oshiumi, L. Lu, U. Rungpanich, K. Inaba, E. Moseman, T. Nishimura, F. Piehl, B. Manoury, B. Nøhr Nielsen, T. Sasazuki, C. Lin, J. A. Hamerman, R. Colisson, T. Nakahama, T. Funasaka, W. Bae, A. Hasebe, K. McMichael, B. C. Cole, Y. Suda, G. A. Obando-Pereda, E. K. Ryu, R. F. Ashman, A. G. D. Bean, A. Wang, B. Bohle, F. Golsaz Shirazi, K. Chakraborty, K. Tosh, T. Olsson, V. Bachanova, P. Lenert, C. J. Kirschning, N. Toyama-Sorimachi, M. Kimoto, S. Paessler, D. Yoo, S. J. Oh, C. Kitzmüller, M. Schmitz, D. Baltzis, K. Ono, A. J. Karpala, L. Hamann, M. Matsumoto, J. Lou, Z. Kato, J. Tak, N. Amirmozzafari, A. T. Egunsola, L. HjerrildZeuthen, Y. Tsai, B. Löbel, D. Wang, M. V. Zeid-Kilani, E. Lien, H. E. Park, H. Liu, A. Kimura, L. Chang, N. Rashidi, N. Kondo, C. Ouyang, J. Wang, H. Fischer, E. K. Persson, M. Yadav, P. Tanthuvanit, J. K. Smith, S. Taki, N. J. Nilsen, V. Younesi, R. Mitamura, H. Jähnisch, I. Chinen, J. Chen, T. Kimura, E. Quivy, M. A. Farrar, N. Abdelmagid, P. Wongprompitak, H. Y. Kim, A H Zarnani, B. Uleng, O. Leo, R. W. Wong, H. Rabbani, Gizem Tincer, S. Bolliger, W. Huang, T. Miethke, D. Rodionov, L. Heslop, N. Makiuchi, O. Moussa, Y. Lee, S. Tanaka, M. S. Lee, M. Hashimoto, K. Takatsu, L. Tussey, H. Kitamura, M. Diez, C. Wang, J. Lum, J. Dutz, M. Puig, G. Robert, Y. Nagai, K. Masuko, S. Liu, W. Chen, M. Arjmand, Z. Dembic, C. Scheibenbogen, H. Weng, T. Matsunaga, Y. Maru, S. Daum, M. Ikutani, Y. Tang, M. Mosallaei, S. Ye, H. Husebye, H. Nikzamir, S. Bauer, E. Yang, Ismail Simsek, Y. Deng, H. Frøkiær, H. Kao, G. Weiss, A. L. Poussard, G. E. Etokebe, R. R. Schumann, H. H. Mu, I. Choi, S. Deifl, K. Masuda, M. Montero-Diaz, T. Kishimoto, M. Yao, U. Kavita, E. Latz, N. E. Yun, H. Ohnishi, C. Leng, J. Knezevic, Q. Yuan, L. Katoozian, S. Koizumi, Y. Aoyagi, A. M. Crespo, S. Takao, A. P. Makrigiannis, R. Wehner, D. Bitchev, P. Chong, S. Nuchprayoon, H. S. Koh, J. W. Lowenthal, S. Chiou, S. Watanabe, R. Zhong, M. Yoshizaki, G. P. Garlet, H. Poo, H. Geng, T. Böldicke, D. Torres, J. Khoshnoodi, H. Chen, U. McKeever, S. Miranda-Hernandez, S. Mutschlechner, J. Goeken, S. Umlauf, H. Tochio, B. Weaver, S. Delbauve, M. Yousefi, J. R. Ribeiro dos Reis, K. Fukudome, K. Harnesk, N. K. Yee, G. Rivell, Seda Yerlikaya, E. Lüdeking, J. Y. Kim, N. Tsuneyoshi, A. Chou, H. Li, G. Liu, H. Tsukamoto, X. Liu, A. Hise, N. Li, P. Cohen, Fuat Cem Yagci, and E. Jaensson

Subjects
biology, Toll, Immunology, biology.protein, Immunology and Allergy, General Medicine, Receptor, Cell biology
Published
2010
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18. Resources for education on pain and its management: A practitioner’s compendium

Author

B. Eliot Cole

Subjects
Certification, Pain medicine, Primary care, Nursing, Health care, Specialization (functional), Humans, Pain Management, Medicine, Textbooks as Topic, Information Services, Internet, Organizations, Education, Medical, ComputingMilieux_THECOMPUTINGPROFESSION, business.industry, General Medicine, Pain management, United States, Compendium, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Neurology (clinical), Credentialing, Periodicals as Topic, business
Abstract

Knowing enough information about pain and its management to adequately care for people in pain may seem challenging, especially for primary care providers who provide the bulk of pain management services in the United States. Few, if any, primary care providers received training beyond the names of a few analgesics and the rudiments of pain assessments. Fortunately, many national and international societies provide health care practitioners with pain-related education, resources, and tools. Education may be tied to pain certification or specialization, or provided solely for the benefit of practitioners. Due in large part to the World Wide Web, much information about pain is readily available online.

Published
2009
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19. Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathic Pain: Recognition and Management

Author

B. Eliot Cole

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Pain, Thiophenes, Duloxetine Hydrochloride, Norepinephrine (medication), chemistry.chemical_compound, Diabetic Neuropathies, Diabetes mellitus, Epidemiology, medicine, Humans, Duloxetine, Intensive care medicine, Depression (differential diagnoses), business.industry, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Antidepressive Agents, Diabetic Foot, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Peripheral neuropathy, chemistry, Anesthesia, Neurology (clinical), Reuptake inhibitor, business, medicine.drug
Abstract

The occurrence of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is linked to poor glycemic control over time. While most people never develop diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain (DPNP) as a consequence of DPN, enough of them do that we must have effective options for the management of this disabling condition. Two years ago there were no formally approved medications for the treatment of DPNP, and now there are two medications with Food and Drug Administration approval for DPNP. One of these medications, duloxetine has been established to significantly improve pain and to address depression by its reuptake inhibition of norepinephrine and serotonin. This article examines the epidemiology of DPNP, its underlying pathogenesis, necessary evaluation methods, and treatment options available with a focus on the role of duloxetine.

Published
2007
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20. Neuroendocrine implications of opioid therapy

Author

B. Eliot Cole

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Hypogonadism, Pain medicine, Testosterone (patch), General Medicine, Neurosecretory Systems, Psychological dependence, Analgesics, Opioid, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Sexual dysfunction, Opioid, Informed consent, Anesthesia, medicine, Humans, Neurology (clinical), medicine.symptom, Opioid analgesics, business, Intensive care medicine, medicine.drug, Hormone
Abstract

Opioid analgesics are given to people with pain. These medications are highly effective for relieving pain and are generally considered to have little or no end-organ toxi-cities. Although they are generally feared because of their potential for abuse, diversion, and psychological dependence, little attention is given to their neuroendocrine consequences. They are known to have central nervous systems effects and are now understood to impact the regulation of gonadotropic hormones. Providing meaningful informed consent requires disclosure about the risks associated with lowered gonadotropic hormone levels.

Published
2007
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21. Centrality-Dependent Modification of Jet-Production Rates in Deuteron-Gold Collisions at √[s(NN)]=200 GeV

Author

A, Adare, C, Aidala, N N, Ajitanand, Y, Akiba, H, Al-Bataineh, J, Alexander, M, Alfred, A, Angerami, K, Aoki, N, Apadula, Y, Aramaki, H, Asano, E T, Atomssa, R, Averbeck, T C, Awes, B, Azmoun, V, Babintsev, M, Bai, G, Baksay, L, Baksay, N S, Bandara, B, Bannier, K N, Barish, B, Bassalleck, A T, Basye, S, Bathe, V, Baublis, C, Baumann, A, Bazilevsky, M, Beaumier, S, Beckman, S, Belikov, R, Belmont, R, Bennett, A, Berdnikov, Y, Berdnikov, J H, Bhom, D S, Blau, J S, Bok, K, Boyle, M L, Brooks, J, Bryslawskyj, H, Buesching, V, Bumazhnov, G, Bunce, S, Butsyk, S, Campbell, A, Caringi, C-H, Chen, C Y, Chi, M, Chiu, I J, Choi, J B, Choi, R K, Choudhury, P, Christiansen, T, Chujo, P, Chung, O, Chvala, V, Cianciolo, Z, Citron, B A, Cole, Z, Conesa Del Valle, M, Connors, M, Csanád, T, Csörgő, T, Dahms, S, Dairaku, I, Danchev, T W, Danley, K, Das, A, Datta, M S, Daugherity, G, David, M K, Dayananda, K, DeBlasio, K, Dehmelt, A, Denisov, A, Deshpande, E J, Desmond, K V, Dharmawardane, O, Dietzsch, A, Dion, P B, Diss, J H, Do, M, Donadelli, L, D'Orazio, O, Drapier, A, Drees, K A, Drees, J M, Durham, A, Durum, D, Dutta, S, Edwards, Y V, Efremenko, F, Ellinghaus, T, Engelmore, A, Enokizono, H, En'yo, S, Esumi, B, Fadem, N, Feege, D E, Fields, M, Finger, F, Fleuret, S L, Fokin, Z, Fraenkel, J E, Frantz, A, Franz, A D, Frawley, K, Fujiwara, Y, Fukao, T, Fusayasu, C, Gal, P, Gallus, P, Garg, I, Garishvili, H, Ge, F, Giordano, A, Glenn, H, Gong, M, Gonin, Y, Goto, R, Granier de Cassagnac, N, Grau, S V, Greene, G, Grim, M, Grosse Perdekamp, T, Gunji, H-Å, Gustafsson, T, Hachiya, J S, Haggerty, K I, Hahn, H, Hamagaki, J, Hamblen, H F, Hamilton, R, Han, S Y, Han, J, Hanks, S, Hasegawa, T O S, Haseler, K, Hashimoto, E, Haslum, R, Hayano, X, He, M, Heffner, T K, Hemmick, T, Hester, J C, Hill, M, Hohlmann, R S, Hollis, W, Holzmann, K, Homma, B, Hong, T, Horaguchi, D, Hornback, T, Hoshino, N, Hotvedt, J, Huang, S, Huang, T, Ichihara, R, Ichimiya, Y, Ikeda, K, Imai, M, Inaba, A, Iordanova, D, Isenhower, M, Ishihara, M, Issah, D, Ivanishchev, Y, Iwanaga, B V, Jacak, M, Jezghani, J, Jia, X, Jiang, J, Jin, B M, Johnson, T, Jones, K S, Joo, D, Jouan, D S, Jumper, F, Kajihara, J, Kamin, S, Kanda, J H, Kang, J, Kapustinsky, K, Karatsu, M, Kasai, D, Kawall, M, Kawashima, A V, Kazantsev, T, Kempel, J A, Key, V, Khachatryan, A, Khanzadeev, K M, Kijima, J, Kikuchi, A, Kim, B I, Kim, C, Kim, D J, Kim, E-J, Kim, G W, Kim, M, Kim, Y-J, Kim, B, Kimelman, E, Kinney, Á, Kiss, E, Kistenev, R, Kitamura, J, Klatsky, D, Kleinjan, P, Kline, T, Koblesky, L, Kochenda, B, Komkov, M, Konno, J, Koster, D, Kotov, A, Král, A, Kravitz, G J, Kunde, K, Kurita, M, Kurosawa, Y, Kwon, G S, Kyle, R, Lacey, Y S, Lai, J G, Lajoie, A, Lebedev, D M, Lee, J, Lee, K B, Lee, K S, Lee, S, Lee, S H, Lee, M J, Leitch, M A L, Leite, X, Li, P, Lichtenwalner, P, Liebing, S H, Lim, L A, Linden Levy, T, Liška, H, Liu, M X, Liu, B, Love, D, Lynch, C F, Maguire, Y I, Makdisi, M, Makek, M D, Malik, A, Manion, V I, Manko, E, Mannel, Y, Mao, H, Masui, F, Matathias, M, McCumber, P L, McGaughey, D, McGlinchey, C, McKinney, N, Means, A, Meles, M, Mendoza, B, Meredith, Y, Miake, T, Mibe, A C, Mignerey, K, Miki, A, Milov, D K, Mishra, J T, Mitchell, S, Miyasaka, S, Mizuno, A K, Mohanty, P, Montuenga, H J, Moon, T, Moon, Y, Morino, A, Morreale, D P, Morrison, T V, Moukhanova, T, Murakami, J, Murata, A, Mwai, S, Nagamiya, K, Nagashima, J L, Nagle, M, Naglis, M I, Nagy, I, Nakagawa, H, Nakagomi, Y, Nakamiya, K R, Nakamura, T, Nakamura, K, Nakano, S, Nam, C, Nattrass, P K, Netrakanti, J, Newby, M, Nguyen, M, Nihashi, T, Niida, S, Nishimura, R, Nouicer, T, Novák, N, Novitzky, A S, Nyanin, C, Oakley, E, O'Brien, S X, Oda, C A, Ogilvie, M, Oka, K, Okada, Y, Onuki, J D, Orjuela Koop, J D, Osborn, A, Oskarsson, M, Ouchida, K, Ozawa, R, Pak, V, Pantuev, V, Papavassiliou, I H, Park, J S, Park, S, Park, S K, Park, W J, Park, S F, Pate, M, Patel, H, Pei, J-C, Peng, H, Pereira, D V, Perepelitsa, G D N, Perera, D Yu, Peressounko, J, Perry, R, Petti, C, Pinkenburg, R, Pinson, R P, Pisani, M, Proissl, M L, Purschke, H, Qu, J, Rak, B J, Ramson, I, Ravinovich, K F, Read, S, Rembeczki, K, Reygers, D, Reynolds, V, Riabov, Y, Riabov, E, Richardson, T, Rinn, D, Roach, G, Roche, S D, Rolnick, M, Rosati, C A, Rosen, S S E, Rosendahl, Z, Rowan, J G, Rubin, P, Ružička, B, Sahlmueller, N, Saito, T, Sakaguchi, K, Sakashita, H, Sako, V, Samsonov, S, Sano, M, Sarsour, S, Sato, T, Sato, S, Sawada, B, Schaefer, B K, Schmoll, K, Sedgwick, J, Seele, R, Seidl, A, Sen, R, Seto, P, Sett, A, Sexton, D, Sharma, I, Shein, T-A, Shibata, K, Shigaki, M, Shimomura, K, Shoji, P, Shukla, A, Sickles, C L, Silva, D, Silvermyr, C, Silvestre, K S, Sim, B K, Singh, C P, Singh, V, Singh, M, Slunečka, M, Snowball, R A, Soltz, W E, Sondheim, S P, Sorensen, I V, Sourikova, P W, Stankus, E, Stenlund, M, Stepanov, S P, Stoll, T, Sugitate, A, Sukhanov, T, Sumita, J, Sun, J, Sziklai, E M, Takagui, A, Taketani, R, Tanabe, Y, Tanaka, S, Taneja, K, Tanida, M J, Tannenbaum, S, Tarafdar, A, Taranenko, H, Themann, D, Thomas, T L, Thomas, R, Tieulent, A, Timilsina, T, Todoroki, M, Togawa, A, Toia, L, Tomášek, M, Tomášek, H, Torii, C L, Towell, R, Towell, R S, Towell, I, Tserruya, Y, Tsuchimoto, C, Vale, H, Valle, H W, van Hecke, E, Vazquez-Zambrano, A, Veicht, J, Velkovska, R, Vértesi, M, Virius, V, Vrba, E, Vznuzdaev, X R, Wang, D, Watanabe, K, Watanabe, Y, Watanabe, Y S, Watanabe, F, Wei, R, Wei, J, Wessels, A S, White, S N, White, D, Winter, C L, Woody, R M, Wright, M, Wysocki, B, Xia, L, Xue, S, Yalcin, Y L, Yamaguchi, K, Yamaura, R, Yang, A, Yanovich, J, Ying, S, Yokkaichi, J H, Yoo, I, Yoon, Z, You, G R, Young, I, Younus, H, Yu, I E, Yushmanov, W A, Zajc, A, Zelenski, S, Zhou, and L, Zou

Abstract

Jet production rates are measured in p+p and d+Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV recorded in 2008 with the PHENIX detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. Jets are reconstructed using the R=0.3 anti-k_{t} algorithm from energy deposits in the electromagnetic calorimeter and charged tracks in multiwire proportional chambers, and the jet transverse momentum (p_{T}) spectra are corrected for the detector response. Spectra are reported for jets with 12p_{T}50 GeV/c, within a pseudorapidity acceptance of |η|0.3. The nuclear-modification factor (R_{dAu}) values for 0%-100% d+Au events are found to be consistent with unity, constraining the role of initial state effects on jet production. However, the centrality-selected R_{dAu} values and central-to-peripheral ratios (R_{CP}) show large, p_{T}-dependent deviations from unity, challenging the conventional models that relate hard-process rates and soft-particle production in collisions involving nuclei.

Published
2015

22. Consensus Guidelines: Treatment Planning and Options

Author

Gordon Irving, Gary J. Bennett, Bill McCarberg, David A. Fishbain, B. Eliot Cole, Michael J. McLean, Michael R. Clark, Miles J. Belgrade, Charles E. Argoff, and M. Backonja

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.drug_class, business.industry, Pregabalin, Tricyclic antidepressant, General Medicine, Evidence-based medicine, Clinical trial, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, medicine, Number needed to treat, Duloxetine, Intensive care medicine, Adverse effect, business, Psychiatry, medicine.drug, Serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
Abstract

Despite the number of patients affected by diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain (DPNP), little consensus exists about the pathophysiology, best diagnostic tools, and primary treatment choices. Theories about the causes of DPNP are inextricably linked with the causes of diabetic neuropathies, yet most patients with such neuropathies do not experience pain. The factors that differentiate patients with pain from those without remain unknown and are the subject of much research. When choosing treatment for patients with DPNP, physicians are confronted with a myriad of choices, none of which has been shown to be effective for all patients. This article reviews the evidence for these treatments and attempts to guide physicians in choosing those treatments based on evidence from well-designed clinical trials to support their use. Two agents, duloxetine and pregabalin, are formally approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of DPNP. In addition, several other agents, including the tricyclic class of antidepressants, have been effective in clinical trials. Ultimately, treatment choice must also include consideration of adverse effects, individual patient factors such as comorbidities, and often cost.

Published
2006
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23. Wavelength-specific laser-activated switches for improved contrast ratio in generation of short THz pulses

Author

Mark S. Sherwin, B. E. Cole, Matthew F. Doty, and B. T. King

Subjects
Materials science, Terahertz radiation, business.industry, Free-electron laser, Laser, Optical switch, law.invention, Wavelength, Optics, Interference (communication), law, Optoelectronics, Figure of merit, Contrast ratio, business, Instrumentation
Abstract

A method for designing and manufacturing wavelength-specific laser-activated reflection switches for use at THz frequencies is described. A key figure of merit for such switches is the contrast ratio, the ratio of power reflected after activation to that reflected before activation. The new switches improve the pulse contrast ratio by utilizing interference to suppress reflections prior to laser activation. Measurements using the University of California, Santa Barbara Free Electron Laser indicate that contrast ratios can be improved from approximately 60 to as large as 4.5×104 using the new switches. The switches improve contrast ratio by an average factor of 400, with peak improvement by a factor as large as 740. Such switches can be used in the generation of short THz pulses from narrow bandwidth sources and may also find applications in the extraction of single pulses from longer pulse trains.

Published
2004
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24. The psychiatric management of end-of-life pain and associated psychiatric comorbidity

Author

B. Eliot Cole

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Pain medicine, Pain, Terminally ill, behavioral disciplines and activities, Psychiatric comorbidity, mental disorders, Humans, Pain Management, Terminally Ill, Medicine, Dementia, Psychiatry, Depression (differential diagnoses), Terminal Care, business.industry, Mental Disorders, General Medicine, Pain management, medicine.disease, Mental health, Psychotherapy, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Delirium, Neurology (clinical), medicine.symptom, business
Abstract

Involvement by psychiatrists in the care of patients who are terminally ill has been limited historically; however, psychiatrists increasingly are participating in the care of these people who are facing the most challenging times of their lives. Pain management is considered to be an area of subspecialization for psychiatrists beyond their traditional role of being psychopharmacologists and psychotherapists. Biologically focused psychiatrists are able to address neuropsychiatric disorders, including pain and depression in the medically ill, and actively improve the quality of life for dying patients and their family members. This article provides a review of the recent literature that has addressed the involvement of psychiatrists in end-of-life care. Beginning with an example of the scientific aspects of cancer-related treatment from a patient's perspective, and into the major treatment considerations, this article addresses pain, its recognition, and management challenges when the end of life approaches. The prompt recognition of frequently overlooked and underestimated concomitant depressions, delirium, dementia, and other mental disorders is important for mental health specialists. The importance of psychiatric care for patients who are terminally ill and the role of psychiatrists in the phase of care also are discussed.

Published
2003
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25. Comprehensive evaluation of cardiac function and detection of myocardial infarction based on a semi-automated analysis using full-volume real time three-dimensional echocardiography

Author

Jill Panosian, B A Cole Streiff, Meihua Zhu, David J. Sahn, and Muhammad Ashraf

Subjects
Cardiac function curve, medicine.medical_specialty, Swine, Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional, Myocardial Infarction, Ventricular Dysfunction, Left, Linear regression, medicine, Circumferential strain, Animals, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Myocardial infarction, Sheep, business.industry, Ultrasound, Reproducibility of Results, Three dimensional echocardiography, Heart, medicine.disease, Surgery, Disease Models, Animal, Sonomicrometry, Feature tracking, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Biomedical engineering
Abstract

Objective Quantitative left ventricular mass (LVM) as well as regional strain values may be obtained from full-volume real time 3D echocardiography data via semi-automated feature tracking and represent indices of heart function, both in health and disease. Methods Fresh adult porcine and ovine hearts were passively pumped to simulate normal cardiac motion at stroke volumes (SVs) varying from 30 to 70 mL. A 3V-D Matrix probe, interfaced with a GE Vivid E9 ultrasound system, was used to image each heart at baseline conditions and after simulated myocardial infarction (MI). The 4D LV quantification function of EchoPAC PC was used to quantify the LVM and longitudinal and circumferential strain (LS & CS) of LV segments at each SV prior and subsequent to simulated MI. LVM was validated by volumetric displacement, while LS and CS values were compared to sonomicrometry-based strain. Results Linear regression analyses show excellent correlations in LVM, LS, and CS between the 4D echo and volumetric/sonomicrometric displacement with R2 values of 0.99, 0.88, and 0.67, respectively. Bland–Altman analyses for all variables validate the compatibility of both methods. It was also determined that EchoPAC PC was able to detect a decrease in LS and CS in the relevant segments between pre- and post-MI at all SVs (P

Published
2014

26. Centrality Dependence of Charged Particle Multiplicity in Au-Au Collisions atsNN=130GeV

Author

I. Ravinovich, N. N. Ajitanand, M. Rosati, F. Plasil, L. Paffrath, M. Velkovsky, S. S. Ryu, Z. Sun, A. A. Vinogradov, Henrik Tydesjö, A. Durum, Hiroyuki Sako, T. Ichihara, D. S. Brown, F. K. Wohn, T. K. Ghosh, Jiangyong Jia, Y. Goto, Sean A. Kelly, A. G. Hansen, A. A. Tsvetkov, J. P. Sullivan, S. F. Pate, B. Khachaturov, D. Kochetkov, Y. H. Shin, Hideki Hamagaki, I. D. Ojha, M. Suzuki, J. Simon-Gillo, T. Peitzmann, G. David, Saskia Mioduszewski, T. L. Thomas, S. Esumi, R. E. Mischke, Tai Sakuma, X. He, V.A. Onuchin, A. Glenn, B. V. Dinesh, L. Aphecetche, V. Papavassiliou, P. L. McGaughey, S. H. Aronson, S. K. Tuli, H. Wang, Norio Saito, W. A. Zajc, P. Pitukhin, Ryugo S. Hayano, S. Markacs, Y. Riabov, Kenta Shigaki, S. Belikov, Yoshio Arai, V. Cianciolo, Yves Roland Schutz, C. Pinkenburg, P. D. Barnes, I. Shein, Joakim Nystrand, Shiv K. Gupta, P. J. Kroon, J. M. Burward-Hoy, V. S. Pantuev, Ju Hwan Kang, Y. Nakada, J. M. Heuser, J. Chiba, Shunji Nishimura, A. Franz, L. Kochenda, A. S. Nyanin, Sergey Fokin, Senta Greene, B. R. Schlei, E. M. Takagui, B. A. Cole, T. C. Sangster, S. N. White, S. Butsyk, G. C. Mishra, R. S. Towell, E. J. Desmond, C. P. Singh, Akira Masaike, S. S. Adler, G. S. Kyle, D. J. Lim, James Alexander, Kwang Souk Sim, J. H. Thomas, Takao Sakaguchi, Junji Tojo, K. Kurita, A. Ster, A. Hoover, I. Tserruya, C. L. Woody, Vladimir Samsonov, I. Otterlund, K. El Chenawi, R. Averbeck, Byung-Sik Hong, C. Klein-Boesing, I. G. Sibiriak, E. O'Brien, M. Hibino, Yu. Efremenko, A. Bazilevsky, M. J. Bennett, S. Garpman, O. Dietzsch, Minghui Liu, J.R. Mahon, M. Sivertz, A. P.T. Palounek, A. D. Frawley, N. Hayashi, V. Singh, J. S. Haggerty, S. Y. Kim, A. A. Rose, Alexandre Lebedev, D. S. Ho, R. A. Soltz, Dipanwita Dutta, Kenneth Francis Read, D. M. Lee, H. A. Gustafsson, F. Messer, D. E. Fields, Hiroaki Ohnishi, T. Ushiroda, W. W. Kinnison, M. J. Leitch, A. L. Godoi, S. T. Belyaev, An.A. Vorobyov, A. Denisov, S. Sawada, T. E. Miller, D. Koehler, Julia Velkovska, C. Y. Chi, B. V. Jacak, H. En'yo, L. Nikkinen, M. Grosse Perdekamp, H. Tsuruoka, T. A. Carey, E. P. Hartouni, Y. I. Makdisi, H. Hara, J. L. Nagle, S. C. Johnson, Y. J. Mao, S. S. Kapoor, T. Kohama, K. Ebisu, S. P. Stoll, M. S. Chung, H. Torii, X. Liu, S. Yokkaichi, L. L. Chavez, M. J. Kweon, H. Buesching, Y. J. Kwon, Viktor Riabov, I. E. Yushmanov, Alexei Khanzadeev, G. R. Young, K. Adcox, Susumu Sato, M. Muniruzzaman, M. Messer, A. Kozlov, C. Velissaris, R. Seto, Zhedong Zhang, Xingguo Li, M. Pollack, E. Vznuzdaev, V. Baublis, V. Bumazhnov, Hirohiko Sato, N. Bruner, M. J. Tannenbaum, E. Stenlund, T. C. Awes, P. Chand, Jun Kikuchi, S. P. Sorensen, Takehiko Matsumoto, Atsushi Taketani, E. Taniguchi, David Olle Rickard Silvermyr, K. N. Barish, R. Santo, Martin Purschke, P. Steinberg, D. Bucher, Peter M. Nilsson, T. Shiina, F. G. Bellaiche, J. G. Lajoie, M. Ono, A. Kiyomichi, P. Chung, W. C. Chang, S. Kametani, Y. Watanabe, Z. Fraenkel, S. Nagamiya, Roy A. Lacey, K. Pope, K. S. Joo, Wei Xie, Dong Jo Kim, Yasushi Nagasaka, N. Starinsky, B. M. Johnson, A. Soldatov, M. L. Brooks, A. Deshpande, Alexander Milov, C. Witzig, D. P. Morrison, K. Imai, V. E. Semenov, M. Sugioka, T. Christ, Jason Newby, M. Chiu, Ajit Kumar Mohanty, T. A. Shibata, J. Murata, W. Guryn, B. K. Nandi, Y. Akiba, S. K. Mark, David D'Enterria, R. P. Pisani, Nikolay Tyurin, German Martinez, Vladislav Manko, M. D. Marx, R. K. Choudhury, H. Delagrange, T. Chujo, K. Yagi, S. Zhou, Markus Merschmeyer, S. Bathe, Kensuke Homma, E. Melnikov, S. Chernichenko, B. Bassalleck, F. Mühlbacher, L. Ewell, J. Lauret, Aya Sakaguchi, Agneta Oskarsson, Y. Berdnikov, Lennart Osterman, Kazuhiro Tanaka, Klaus Johannes Reygers, V. Kochetkov, M. A. Volkov, J. Chang, C. A. Ogilvie, Yongsun Kim, P. W. Stankus, T. K. Hemmick, J. T. Mitchell, Yasuo Miake, H. W. Van Hecke, Zhongfan Liu, W. Y. Jang, G. Bunce, T. Ferdousi, H. J. Kim, Juergen Thomas, M. Ishihara, Athanasios Petridis, Y. Tanaka, T. K. Shea, F. Matathias, J. Barrette, M. Kann, Charles Maguire, S. Klinksiek, Y. Sumi, Wei Tian, A. Drees, Josh Moss, M. Tamai, E. Kistenev, Mikhail Ippolitov, S. Botelho, S. Y. Fung, John Hill, K. Oyama, Toru Sugitate, and Z. Li

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear physics, Particle physics, General Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Multiplicity (mathematics), PHENIX detector, Nuclear Experiment, Particle density, Nucleon, Centrality, Charged particle, Multiplicity distribution
Abstract

We present results for the charged-particle multiplicity distribution at midrapidity in Au-Au collisions at square root of [s(NN)] = 130 GeV measured with the PHENIX detector at RHIC. For the 5% most central collisions we find dN(ch)/d eta(vertical line eta = 0) = 622+/-1(stat)+/-41(syst). The results, analyzed as a function of centrality, show a steady rise of the particle density per participating nucleon with centrality.

Published
2001
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27. Predicted proton and two-proton decay energies for nuclei in the upperfpshell

Author

B. J. Cole

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Proton, Isotope, Proton decay, Nuclear Theory, Binding energy, Coulomb, Nuclear drip line, Nuclide, Atomic physics, Proton emission, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The stability of proton-rich nuclei with $Z=31--42$ is investigated using measured binding energies of the analog neutron-rich nuclei and Coulomb energy shifts deduced from a parametrization of measured Coulomb displacement energies in the same mass region. Predicted binding energies and separation energies for proton and two-proton decay are compared with experimental information and with previous calculations where these are available. The positions of the one-proton and diproton drip lines are determined from the computed decay energies. Additional nuclides predicted to be proton stable but unstable to two-proton emission include several isotopes of Sr, Zr, and Mo.

Published
1999
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28. Can we continue to do business as usual?

Author

B. Eliot Cole

Subjects
business.industry, Palliative Care, General Medicine, Opioid-Related Disorders, Business as usual, Analgesics, Opioid, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Education, Medical, Graduate, Humans, Pain Management, Medicine, Education, Medical, Continuing, Pharmacology (medical), Practice Patterns, Physicians', Marketing, business
Published
2007
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30. QUADRUPOLE DEFORMATION IN NUCLEI AT FINITE TEMPERATURE

Author

H.G. Miller, R.M. Quick, and B. J. Cole

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Phase transition, Condensed matter physics, Operator (physics), Quadrupole, SHELL model, General Physics and Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Deformation (meteorology), Zero temperature, Nuclear shape, Square (algebra)
Abstract

The intrinsic quadrupole deformation has been calculated at finite temperature in 20 Ne both in the mean-field approximation and using an exact shell model diagonalization. The results support the view that the phase transition seen at finite temperature in mean-field calculations is not due to the change in nuclear shape from deformed to spherical, but rather is a collective-to-non-collective transition. Both calculations indicate that the average deformation of 20 Ne changes from β rms ≈0.31 at zero temperature to just over β rms =0.2 at T=3.0 MeV. The calculations also suggest that, in the mean-field approximation, the square of the quadrupole operator, Q[2]·Q[2], is a better indicator of shape changes than Q[2] itself.

Published
1998
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32. Azimuthal-angle dependence of charged-pion-interferometry measurements with respect to second- and third-order event planes in Au+Au collisions at √[S(NN)]=200 GeV

Author

A, Adare, S, Afanasiev, C, Aidala, N N, Ajitanand, Y, Akiba, H, Al-Bataineh, J, Alexander, K, Aoki, Y, Aramaki, E T, Atomssa, R, Averbeck, T C, Awes, B, Azmoun, V, Babintsev, M, Bai, G, Baksay, L, Baksay, K N, Barish, B, Bassalleck, A T, Basye, S, Bathe, V, Baublis, C, Baumann, A, Bazilevsky, S, Belikov, R, Belmont, R, Bennett, A, Berdnikov, Y, Berdnikov, A A, Bickley, J S, Bok, K, Boyle, M L, Brooks, H, Buesching, V, Bumazhnov, G, Bunce, S, Butsyk, C M, Camacho, S, Campbell, C-H, Chen, C Y, Chi, M, Chiu, I J, Choi, R K, Choudhury, P, Christiansen, T, Chujo, P, Chung, O, Chvala, V, Cianciolo, Z, Citron, B A, Cole, M, Connors, P, Constantin, M, Csanád, T, Csörgő, T, Dahms, S, Dairaku, I, Danchev, K, Das, A, Datta, G, David, A, Denisov, A, Deshpande, E J, Desmond, O, Dietzsch, A, Dion, M, Donadelli, O, Drapier, A, Drees, K A, Drees, J M, Durham, A, Durum, D, Dutta, S, Edwards, Y V, Efremenko, F, Ellinghaus, T, Engelmore, A, Enokizono, H, En'yo, S, Esumi, B, Fadem, D E, Fields, M, Finger, F, Fleuret, S L, Fokin, Z, Fraenkel, J E, Frantz, A, Franz, A D, Frawley, K, Fujiwara, Y, Fukao, T, Fusayasu, I, Garishvili, A, Glenn, H, Gong, M, Gonin, Y, Goto, R, Granier de Cassagnac, N, Grau, S V, Greene, M, Grosse Perdekamp, T, Gunji, H-Å, Gustafsson, J S, Haggerty, K I, Hahn, H, Hamagaki, J, Hamblen, R, Han, J, Hanks, E P, Hartouni, E, Haslum, R, Hayano, X, He, M, Heffner, T K, Hemmick, T, Hester, J C, Hill, M, Hohlmann, W, Holzmann, K, Homma, B, Hong, T, Horaguchi, D, Hornback, S, Huang, T, Ichihara, R, Ichimiya, J, Ide, Y, Ikeda, K, Imai, M, Inaba, D, Isenhower, M, Ishihara, T, Isobe, M, Issah, A, Isupov, D, Ivanischev, B V, Jacak, J, Jia, J, Jin, B M, Johnson, K S, Joo, D, Jouan, D S, Jumper, F, Kajihara, S, Kametani, N, Kamihara, J, Kamin, J H, Kang, J, Kapustinsky, K, Karatsu, D, Kawall, M, Kawashima, A V, Kazantsev, T, Kempel, A, Khanzadeev, K M, Kijima, B I, Kim, D H, Kim, D J, Kim, E, Kim, E-J, Kim, S H, Kim, Y-J, Kim, E, Kinney, K, Kiriluk, A, Kiss, E, Kistenev, L, Kochenda, B, Komkov, M, Konno, J, Koster, D, Kotchetkov, A, Kozlov, A, Král, A, Kravitz, G J, Kunde, K, Kurita, M, Kurosawa, Y, Kwon, G S, Kyle, R, Lacey, Y S, Lai, J G, Lajoie, A, Lebedev, D M, Lee, J, Lee, K, Lee, K B, Lee, K S, Lee, M J, Leitch, M A L, Leite, E, Leitner, B, Lenzi, X, Li, P, Liebing, L A, Linden Levy, T, Liška, A, Litvinenko, H, Liu, M X, Liu, B, Love, R, Luechtenborg, D, Lynch, C F, Maguire, Y I, Makdisi, A, Malakhov, M D, Malik, V I, Manko, E, Mannel, Y, Mao, H, Masui, F, Matathias, M, McCumber, P L, McGaughey, N, Means, B, Meredith, Y, Miake, A C, Mignerey, P, Mikeš, K, Miki, A, Milov, M, Mishra, J T, Mitchell, A K, Mohanty, Y, Morino, A, Morreale, D P, Morrison, T V, Moukhanova, J, Murata, S, Nagamiya, J L, Nagle, M, Naglis, M I, Nagy, I, Nakagawa, Y, Nakamiya, T, Nakamura, K, Nakano, J, Newby, M, Nguyen, T, Niida, R, Nouicer, A S, Nyanin, E, O'Brien, S X, Oda, C A, Ogilvie, M, Oka, K, Okada, Y, Onuki, A, Oskarsson, M, Ouchida, K, Ozawa, R, Pak, V, Pantuev, V, Papavassiliou, I H, Park, J, Park, S K, Park, W J, Park, S F, Pate, H, Pei, J-C, Peng, H, Pereira, V, Peresedov, D Yu, Peressounko, C, Pinkenburg, R P, Pisani, M, Proissl, M L, Purschke, A K, Purwar, H, Qu, J, Rak, A, Rakotozafindrabe, I, Ravinovich, K F, Read, K, Reygers, V, Riabov, Y, Riabov, E, Richardson, D, Roach, G, Roche, S D, Rolnick, M, Rosati, C A, Rosen, S S E, Rosendahl, P, Rosnet, P, Rukoyatkin, P, Ružička, B, Sahlmueller, N, Saito, T, Sakaguchi, K, Sakashita, V, Samsonov, S, Sano, T, Sato, S, Sawada, K, Sedgwick, J, Seele, R, Seidl, A Yu, Semenov, R, Seto, D, Sharma, I, Shein, T-A, Shibata, K, Shigaki, M, Shimomura, K, Shoji, P, Shukla, A, Sickles, C L, Silva, D, Silvermyr, C, Silvestre, K S, Sim, B K, Singh, C P, Singh, V, Singh, M, Slunečka, R A, Soltz, W E, Sondheim, S P, Sorensen, I V, Sourikova, N A, Sparks, P W, Stankus, E, Stenlund, S P, Stoll, T, Sugitate, A, Sukhanov, J, Sziklai, E M, Takagui, A, Taketani, R, Tanabe, Y, Tanaka, K, Tanida, M J, Tannenbaum, S, Tarafdar, A, Taranenko, P, Tarján, H, Themann, T L, Thomas, T, Todoroki, M, Togawa, A, Toia, L, Tomášek, H, Torii, R S, Towell, I, Tserruya, Y, Tsuchimoto, C, Vale, H, Valle, H W, van Hecke, E, Vazquez-Zambrano, A, Veicht, J, Velkovska, R, Vértesi, A A, Vinogradov, M, Virius, V, Vrba, E, Vznuzdaev, X R, Wang, D, Watanabe, K, Watanabe, Y, Watanabe, F, Wei, R, Wei, J, Wessels, S N, White, D, Winter, J P, Wood, C L, Woody, R M, Wright, M, Wysocki, W, Xie, Y L, Yamaguchi, K, Yamaura, R, Yang, A, Yanovich, J, Ying, S, Yokkaichi, Z, You, G R, Young, I, Younus, I E, Yushmanov, W A, Zajc, C, Zhang, S, Zhou, and L, Zolin

Abstract

Charged-pion-interferometry measurements were made with respect to the second- and third-order event plane for Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV. A strong azimuthal-angle dependence of the extracted Gaussian-source radii was observed with respect to both the second- and third-order event planes. The results for the second-order dependence indicate that the initial eccentricity is reduced during the medium evolution, which is consistent with previous results. In contrast, the results for the third-order dependence indicate that the initial triangular shape is significantly reduced and potentially reversed by the end of the medium evolution, and that the third-order oscillations are largely dominated by the dynamical effects from triangular flow.

Published
2014

33. Collective cyclotron modes in high-mobility two-dimensional hole systems in GaAs - (Ga, Al)As heterojunctions: II. Experiments at magnetic fields of up to forty Tesla

Author

N. Miura, L. Li, Mohamed Henini, Y. Shimamoto, Y. Imanaka, F M Peeters, John Singleton, L. Van Bockstal, W. Batty, J.M. Chamberlain, B. E. Cole, and Tin S. Cheng

Subjects
Condensed matter physics, Chemistry, law, Cyclotron, Cyclotron resonance, General Materials Science, Heterojunction, Substrate (electronics), Condensed Matter Physics, Magnetic field, law.invention
Abstract

The cyclotron resonance of very high-mobility holes in GaAs - (Ga, Al)As heterojunctions grown on (111), (311) and (100) substrates has been studied in high magnetic fields of up to 40 T. As the temperature is increased from to , the cyclotron resonance is found to shift to lower magnetic fields, the size of shift depending on the cyclotron frequency and the substrate orientation. These observations may be explained using the model of interacting hole subsystems developed by Cole et al.

Published
1997
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34. Collective cyclotron modes in high-mobility two-dimensional hole systems in GaAs - (Ga, Al)As heterojunctions: I. Experiments at low magnetic fields and theory

Author

B. E. Cole, W. Batty, A Polisskii, John Singleton, J.M. Chamberlain, Stephen Hill, Tin S. Cheng, Arzhang Ardavan, F M Peeters, and Mohamed Henini

Subjects
Condensed matter physics, Scattering, Chemistry, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Cyclotron, Cyclotron resonance, Resonance, Condensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect, Condensed Matter Physics, Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance, Electron cyclotron resonance, Magnetic field, law.invention, law, General Materials Science, Atomic physics, Ion cyclotron resonance
Abstract

The cyclotron resonance of very high-mobility two-dimensional holes in GaAs - (Ga, Al)As heterojunctions grown on (111), (311) and (100) substrates has been studied over the frequency range 30 to 200 GHz. Although the presence of two hole spin subbands in the samples suggests that two cyclotron resonances should be observed, in practice only a single resonance occurs for a wide range of conditions (temperature, field) and sample properties (hole density, mobility). Furthermore, the cyclotron resonance spectra often exhibit a strong temperature dependence. In the case of a single, sharp cyclotron resonance, the resonance field may shift by as much as 20% when warming the sample from 1.4 to 4.2 K. In the case of spectra containing multiple cyclotron resonances, similar changes in temperature shift the resonance positions together to form a single cyclotron absorption. This behaviour is explained in terms of two interacting hole subsystems with different effective masses formed by the two spin subbands. An analytical expression for the contribution to the high-frequency conductivity due to coupled cyclotron motion of the two hole systems is derived and shown to encompass previous theories developed for more restricted ranges of conditions. The expression predicts the complex behaviour of the experimental spectra very well, and enables hole masses, hole - lattice scattering rates and hole - hole scattering rates to be extracted. Comparisons between theory and data also show that a reactive interaction dominates the coupling between the spin subsystems at low temperatures. This is the first of two papers dealing with correlated hole cyclotron resonance; the second shows that the model derived in this work can also be used to treat cyclotron resonance data recorded at very high magnetic fields .

Published
1997
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35. Cyclotron resonance in ultra-low-hole-density narrow p-type GaAs/(Al,Ga)As quantum wells

Author

A. Wittlin, J.A.A.J. Perenboom, A. Polisski, Tin S. Cheng, W. Batty, Mohamed Henini, J.M. Chamberlain, B. E. Cole, Arzhang Ardavan, and J. Singleton

Subjects
Physics, Condensed matter physics, Scattering, Quantum limit, Cyclotron resonance, Resonance, Landau quantization, Correlated Electron Systems / High Field Magnet Laboratory (HFML), Condensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect, symbols.namesake, Effective mass (solid-state physics), symbols, Hamiltonian (quantum mechanics), GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.,dictionaries,encyclopedias,glossaries), Quantum well
Abstract

The cyclotron-resonance behavior of a series of p-type, low ${\mathrm{p}}_{\mathrm{s}}$ , asymmetrically doped (311)A quantum wells has been measured over two orders of magnitude in energy. Landau levels for the structures studied have been calculated for comparison with experiment. The calculations use a rotated Luttinger Hamiltonian and invoke the axial approximation. In the quantum limit and at certain far-infrared energies we observe two resonances widely separated in field. We find at the lowest fields that the samples exhibit a light effective mass. For the narrowest quantum well the cyclotron resonance (CR) broadens and shifts to a slightly lighter mass into the quantum limit, above about 2 T. The CR energy is modeled by inter-Landau-level transitions from the highest level, and a discontinuous evolution to a higher effective mass, observed as the second resonance above 8 T, is explained by crossing of the highest two Landau levels, as modeled in the calculation. The discontinuous evolution to a higher mass is found to shift to lower fields as the well width increases, as suggested from the modeling. For the wider quantum wells the influence of additional anticrossings at intermediate fields, due to the proximity of the second subband, is observed. CR energy for these samples is adequately modeled at energies above and below the region of subband anticrossing. The limitations of the modeling procedure have been discussed and a number of features of the experimental data are explained qualitatively in terms of the expected modifications to the hole Landau-level structure when full Landau-level mixing is incorporated into the modeling. The influence of hole-hole interactions and factors influencing the CR scattering time are also discussed briefly.

Published
1997

36. Nuclear modification of ψ', χc, and J/ψ production in d+Au collisions at sqrt[s(NN)]=200 GeV

Author

A, Adare, C, Aidala, N N, Ajitanand, Y, Akiba, H, Al-Bataineh, J, Alexander, A, Angerami, K, Aoki, N, Apadula, Y, Aramaki, E T, Atomssa, R, Averbeck, T C, Awes, B, Azmoun, V, Babintsev, M, Bai, G, Baksay, L, Baksay, K N, Barish, B, Bassalleck, A T, Basye, S, Bathe, V, Baublis, C, Baumann, A, Bazilevsky, S, Belikov, R, Belmont, R, Bennett, J H, Bhom, D S, Blau, J S, Bok, K, Boyle, M L, Brooks, H, Buesching, V, Bumazhnov, G, Bunce, S, Butsyk, S, Campbell, A, Caringi, C-H, Chen, C Y, Chi, M, Chiu, I J, Choi, J B, Choi, R K, Choudhury, P, Christiansen, T, Chujo, P, Chung, O, Chvala, V, Cianciolo, Z, Citron, B A, Cole, Z, Conesa del Valle, M, Connors, M, Csanád, T, Csörgő, T, Dahms, S, Dairaku, I, Danchev, K, Das, A, Datta, G, David, M K, Dayananda, A, Denisov, A, Deshpande, E J, Desmond, K V, Dharmawardane, O, Dietzsch, A, Dion, M, Donadelli, O, Drapier, A, Drees, K A, Drees, J M, Durham, A, Durum, D, Dutta, L, D'Orazio, S, Edwards, Y V, Efremenko, F, Ellinghaus, T, Engelmore, A, Enokizono, H, En'yo, S, Esumi, B, Fadem, D E, Fields, M, Finger, F, Fleuret, S L, Fokin, Z, Fraenkel, J E, Frantz, A, Franz, A D, Frawley, K, Fujiwara, Y, Fukao, T, Fusayasu, I, Garishvili, A, Glenn, H, Gong, M, Gonin, Y, Goto, R, Granier de Cassagnac, N, Grau, S V, Greene, G, Grim, M, Grosse Perdekamp, T, Gunji, H-Å, Gustafsson, J S, Haggerty, K I, Hahn, H, Hamagaki, J, Hamblen, R, Han, J, Hanks, E, Haslum, R, Hayano, X, He, M, Heffner, T K, Hemmick, T, Hester, J C, Hill, M, Hohlmann, W, Holzmann, K, Homma, B, Hong, T, Horaguchi, D, Hornback, S, Huang, T, Ichihara, R, Ichimiya, Y, Ikeda, K, Imai, M, Inaba, D, Isenhower, M, Ishihara, M, Issah, D, Ivanischev, Y, Iwanaga, B V, Jacak, J, Jia, X, Jiang, J, Jin, B M, Johnson, T, Jones, K S, Joo, D, Jouan, D S, Jumper, F, Kajihara, J, Kamin, J H, Kang, J, Kapustinsky, K, Karatsu, M, Kasai, D, Kawall, M, Kawashima, A V, Kazantsev, T, Kempel, A, Khanzadeev, K M, Kijima, J, Kikuchi, A, Kim, B I, Kim, D J, Kim, E-J, Kim, Y-J, Kim, E, Kinney, Á, Kiss, E, Kistenev, D, Kleinjan, L, Kochenda, B, Komkov, M, Konno, J, Koster, A, Král, A, Kravitz, G J, Kunde, K, Kurita, M, Kurosawa, Y, Kwon, G S, Kyle, R, Lacey, Y S, Lai, J G, Lajoie, A, Lebedev, D M, Lee, J, Lee, K B, Lee, K S, Lee, M J, Leitch, M A L, Leite, X, Li, P, Lichtenwalner, P, Liebing, L A, Linden Levy, T, Liška, H, Liu, M X, Liu, B, Love, D, Lynch, C F, Maguire, Y I, Makdisi, M D, Malik, V I, Manko, E, Mannel, Y, Mao, H, Masui, F, Matathias, M, McCumber, P L, McGaughey, D, McGlinchey, N, Means, B, Meredith, Y, Miake, T, Mibe, A C, Mignerey, K, Miki, A, Milov, J T, Mitchell, A K, Mohanty, H J, Moon, Y, Morino, A, Morreale, D P, Morrison, T V, Moukhanova, T, Murakami, J, Murata, S, Nagamiya, J L, Nagle, M, Naglis, M I, Nagy, I, Nakagawa, Y, Nakamiya, K R, Nakamura, T, Nakamura, K, Nakano, S, Nam, J, Newby, M, Nguyen, M, Nihashi, R, Nouicer, A S, Nyanin, C, Oakley, E, O'Brien, S X, Oda, C A, Ogilvie, M, Oka, K, Okada, Y, Onuki, A, Oskarsson, M, Ouchida, K, Ozawa, R, Pak, V, Pantuev, V, Papavassiliou, I H, Park, S K, Park, W J, Park, S F, Pate, H, Pei, J-C, Peng, H, Pereira, D, Perepelitsa, D Yu, Peressounko, R, Petti, C, Pinkenburg, R P, Pisani, M, Proissl, M L, Purschke, H, Qu, J, Rak, I, Ravinovich, K F, Read, S, Rembeczki, K, Reygers, V, Riabov, Y, Riabov, E, Richardson, D, Roach, G, Roche, S D, Rolnick, M, Rosati, C A, Rosen, S S E, Rosendahl, P, Ružička, B, Sahlmueller, N, Saito, T, Sakaguchi, K, Sakashita, V, Samsonov, S, Sano, T, Sato, S, Sawada, K, Sedgwick, J, Seele, R, Seidl, R, Seto, D, Sharma, I, Shein, T-A, Shibata, K, Shigaki, M, Shimomura, K, Shoji, P, Shukla, A, Sickles, C L, Silva, D, Silvermyr, C, Silvestre, K S, Sim, B K, Singh, C P, Singh, V, Singh, M, Slunečka, R A, Soltz, W E, Sondheim, S P, Sorensen, I V, Sourikova, P W, Stankus, E, Stenlund, S P, Stoll, T, Sugitate, A, Sukhanov, J, Sziklai, E M, Takagui, A, Taketani, R, Tanabe, Y, Tanaka, S, Taneja, K, Tanida, M J, Tannenbaum, S, Tarafdar, A, Taranenko, H, Themann, D, Thomas, T L, Thomas, M, Togawa, A, Toia, L, Tomášek, H, Torii, R S, Towell, I, Tserruya, Y, Tsuchimoto, C, Vale, H, Valle, H W, van Hecke, E, Vazquez-Zambrano, A, Veicht, J, Velkovska, R, Vértesi, M, Virius, V, Vrba, E, Vznuzdaev, X R, Wang, D, Watanabe, K, Watanabe, Y, Watanabe, F, Wei, R, Wei, J, Wessels, S N, White, D, Winter, C L, Woody, R M, Wright, M, Wysocki, Y L, Yamaguchi, K, Yamaura, R, Yang, A, Yanovich, J, Ying, S, Yokkaichi, Z, You, G R, Young, I, Younus, I E, Yushmanov, W A, Zajc, and S, Zhou

Abstract

We present results for three charmonia states (ψ', χc, and J/ψ) in d+Au collisions at |y|0.35 and sqrt[s(NN)]=200 GeV. We find that the modification of the ψ' yield relative to that of the J/ψ scales approximately with charged particle multiplicity at midrapidity across p+A, d+Au, and A+A results from the Super Proton Synchrotron and the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. In large-impact-parameter collisions we observe a similar suppression for the ψ' and J/ψ, while in small-impact-parameter collisions the more weakly bound ψ' is more strongly suppressed. Owing to the short time spent traversing the Au nucleus, the larger ψ' suppression in central events is not explained by an increase of the nuclear absorption owing to meson formation time effects.

Published
2013

37. Effective mass anisotropy and many-body effects in 2D GaAs/(Ga,Al)As hole gases observed in very high magnetic fields: comparison of theory and experiment

Author

B. E. Cole, N. Miura, Stephen Hill, J.M. Chamberlain, Mohamed Henini, W. Batty, Y. Imanaka, John Singleton, Y. Shimamoto, and Tin S. Cheng

Subjects
Condensed matter physics, Chemistry, Cyclotron resonance, Surfaces and Interfaces, Atmospheric temperature range, Condensed Matter Physics, Many body, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Magnetic field, Effective mass (solid-state physics), Nuclear magnetic resonance, Materials Chemistry, Anisotropy, Order of magnitude, Millimetre wave
Abstract

The effective masses of two-dimensional GaAs/(Ga,Al)As hole systems grown with (100), (311)B, (211)B, (111)B and (110) substrate orientations have been measured in magnetic fields of up to 80 T. The measured anisotropy is discussed in terms of bulk effects using a newly developed theory. Low energy (millimetre wave) cyclotron resonance absorptions show a 15% shift to higher fields in the temperature range 1.4 to 4.2 K over two orders of magnitude of energy. Many-body effects are used to discuss this observation.

Published
1996
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38. Effective-mass anisotropy in GaAs-(Ga,Al)As two-dimensional hole systems: comparison of theory and very high-field cyclotron resonance experiments

Author

B. E. Cole, W. Batty, John Singleton, Yasuhiro Shimamoto, Tin S. Cheng, Y. Imanaka, J.M. Chamberlain, N. Miura, and Mohamed Henini

Subjects
Condensed matter physics, Chemistry, Cyclotron resonance, Landau quantization, Condensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect, Condensed Matter Physics, Magnetic field, symbols.namesake, Effective mass (solid-state physics), Luttinger liquid, symbols, General Materials Science, Ground state, Hamiltonian (quantum mechanics), Anisotropy
Abstract

Cyclotron resonance of two-dimensional holes in high-mobility GaAs-(Ga,Al)As heterojunctions with the growth directions (011), (111), (211), (311) and (100) has been measured at magnetic fields of around 35 T, corresponding to Landau level occupancies deep in the ultraquantum limit. A manipulation of the standard four-band Luttinger Hamiltonian has been used to show that the behaviour of the hole ground state is dominated by the leading field-dependent term in a power series expansion for the Landau level dispersion. The experimentally observed trend in measured effective mass with substrate orientation can therefore be qualitatively explained in terms of the variation of bulk hole mass with crystallographic direction.

Published
1995
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39. High magnetic field millimetre and submillimetre spectroscopy of ultra-high mobility 2D hole systems

Author

T.J.B.M. Janssen, G. Hill, P.J. Rodgers, B. E. Cole, Mohamed Henini, John Singleton, J.M. Chamberlain, B. L. Gallagher, Stephen Hill, and P.A. Pattenden

Subjects
Electron mobility, Materials science, Condensed matter physics, Cyclotron resonance, Heterojunction, Condensed Matter Physics, Molecular physics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Magnetic field, Effective mass (solid-state physics), Millimeter, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Spectroscopy, Order of magnitude
Abstract

Ultra-high mobility holes in (311)A GaAs-(Ga,Al)As heterojunctions are studied by cyclotron resonance (CR) experiments covering almost two orders of magnitude of magnetic field and energy. Features including several distinct CR branches, discontinuities in the CR energy versus field curves, strong non-parabolicity and temperature-dependent effective masses are observed, in reasonable agreement with theoretical predictions.

Published
1995
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40. Erratum: Measurement of transverse single-spin asymmetries forJ/ψproduction in polarizedp+pcollisions ats=200 GeV[Phys. Rev. D82, 112008 (2010)]

Author

A. Adare, S. Afanasiev, C. Aidala, N. N. Ajitanand, Y. Akiba, H. Al-Bataineh, J. Alexander, H. Al-Ta’ani, A. Angerami, K. Aoki, N. Apadula, L. Aphecetche, Y. Aramaki, J. Asai, E. T. Atomssa, R. Averbeck, T. C. Awes, B. Azmoun, V. Babintsev, M. Bai, G. Baksay, L. Baksay, A. Baldisseri, K. N. Barish, P. D. Barnes, B. Bassalleck, A. T. Basye, S. Bathe, S. Batsouli, V. Baublis, C. Baumann, A. Bazilevsky, S. Belikov, R. Belmont, R. Bennett, A. Berdnikov, Y. Berdnikov, J. H. Bhom, A. A. Bickley, D. S. Blau, J. G. Boissevain, J. S. Bok, H. Borel, N. Borggren, K. Boyle, M. L. Brooks, H. Buesching, V. Bumazhnov, G. Bunce, S. Butsyk, C. M. Camacho, S. Campbell, A. Caringi, B. S. Chang, W. C. Chang, J.-L. Charvet, C.-H. Chen, S. Chernichenko, C. Y. Chi, M. Chiu, I. J. Choi, J. B. Choi, R. K. Choudhury, P. Christiansen, T. Chujo, P. Chung, A. Churyn, O. Chvala, V. Cianciolo, Z. Citron, B. A. Cole, Z. Conesa del Valle, M. Connors, P. Constantin, M. Csanád, T. Csörgő, T. Dahms, S. Dairaku, I. Danchev, K. Das, A. Datta, G. David, M. K. Dayananda, A. Denisov, D. d’Enterria, A. Deshpande, E. J. Desmond, K. V. Dharmawardane, O. Dietzsch, A. Dion, M. Donadelli, L. D’Orazio, O. Drapier, A. Drees, K. A. Drees, A. K. Dubey, J. M. Durham, A. Durum, D. Dutta, V. Dzhordzhadze, S. Edwards, Y. V. Efremenko, F. Ellinghaus, T. Engelmore, A. Enokizono, H. En’yo, S. Esumi, K. O. Eyser, B. Fadem, D. E. Fields, M. Finger, F. Fleuret, S. L. Fokin, Z. Fraenkel, J. E. Frantz, A. Franz, A. D. Frawley, K. Fujiwara, Y. Fukao, T. Fusayasu, I. Garishvili, A. Glenn, H. Gong, M. Gonin, J. Gosset, Y. Goto, R. Granier de Cassagnac, N. Grau, S. V. Greene, G. Grim, M. Grosse Perdekamp, T. Gunji, H.-Å. Gustafsson, A. Hadj Henni, J. S. Haggerty, K. I. Hahn, H. Hamagaki, J. Hamblen, J. Hanks, R. Han, E. P. Hartouni, K. Haruna, E. Haslum, R. Hayano, M. Heffner, T. K. Hemmick, T. Hester, X. He, J. C. Hill, M. Hohlmann, W. Holzmann, K. Homma, B. Hong, T. Horaguchi, D. Hornback, S. Huang, T. Ichihara, R. Ichimiya, H. Iinuma, Y. Ikeda, K. Imai, J. Imrek, M. Inaba, D. Isenhower, M. Ishihara, T. Isobe, M. Issah, A. Isupov, D. Ivanischev, Y. Iwanaga, B. V. Jacak, J. Jia, X. Jiang, J. Jin, B. M. Johnson, T. Jones, K. S. Joo, D. Jouan, D. S. Jumper, F. Kajihara, S. Kametani, N. Kamihara, J. Kamin, J. H. Kang, J. Kapustinsky, K. Karatsu, M. Kasai, D. Kawall, M. Kawashima, A. V. Kazantsev, T. Kempel, A. Khanzadeev, K. M. Kijima, J. Kikuchi, A. Kim, B. I. Kim, D. H. Kim, D. J. Kim, E. J. Kim, E. Kim, S. H. Kim, Y.-J. Kim, E. Kinney, K. Kiriluk, Á. Kiss, E. Kistenev, J. Klay, C. Klein-Boesing, L. Kochenda, B. Komkov, M. Konno, J. Koster, A. Kozlov, A. Král, A. Kravitz, G. J. Kunde, K. Kurita, M. Kurosawa, M. J. Kweon, Y. Kwon, G. S. Kyle, R. Lacey, Y. S. Lai, J. G. Lajoie, D. Layton, A. Lebedev, D. M. Lee, J. Lee, K. B. Lee, K. S. Lee, T. Lee, M. J. Leitch, M. A. L. Leite, B. Lenzi, P. Lichtenwalner, P. Liebing, L. A. Linden Levy, T. Liška, A. Litvinenko, H. Liu, M. X. Liu, X. Li, B. Love, D. Lynch, C. F. Maguire, Y. I. Makdisi, A. Malakhov, M. D. Malik, V. I. Manko, E. Mannel, Y. Mao, L. Mašek, H. Masui, F. Matathias, M. McCumber, P. L. McGaughey, N. Means, B. Meredith, Y. Miake, T. Mibe, A. C. Mignerey, P. Mikeš, K. Miki, A. Milov, M. Mishra, J. T. Mitchell, A. K. Mohanty, H. J. Moon, Y. Morino, A. Morreale, D. P. Morrison, T. V. Moukhanova, D. Mukhopadhyay, T. Murakami, J. Murata, S. Nagamiya, J. L. Nagle, M. Naglis, M. I. Nagy, I. Nakagawa, Y. Nakamiya, K. R. Nakamura, T. Nakamura, K. Nakano, S. Nam, J. Newby, M. Nguyen, M. Nihashi, T. Niita, R. Nouicer, A. S. Nyanin, C. Oakley, E. O’Brien, S. X. Oda, C. A. Ogilvie, K. Okada, M. Oka, Y. Onuki, A. Oskarsson, M. Ouchida, K. Ozawa, R. Pak, A. P. T. Palounek, V. Pantuev, V. Papavassiliou, I. H. Park, J. Park, S. K. Park, W. J. Park, S. F. Pate, H. Pei, J.-C. Peng, H. Pereira, V. Peresedov, D. Yu. Peressounko, R. Petti, C. Pinkenburg, R. P. Pisani, M. Proissl, M. L. Purschke, A. K. Purwar, H. Qu, J. Rak, A. Rakotozafindrabe, I. Ravinovich, K. F. Read, S. Rembeczki, K. Reygers, V. Riabov, Y. Riabov, E. Richardson, D. Roach, G. Roche, S. D. Rolnick, M. Rosati, C. A. Rosen, S. S. E. Rosendahl, P. Rosnet, P. Rukoyatkin, P. Ružička, V. L. Rykov, B. Sahlmueller, N. Saito, T. Sakaguchi, S. Sakai, K. Sakashita, V. Samsonov, S. Sano, T. Sato, S. Sawada, K. Sedgwick, J. Seele, R. Seidl, A. Yu. Semenov, V. Semenov, R. Seto, D. Sharma, I. Shein, T.-A. Shibata, K. Shigaki, M. Shimomura, K. Shoji, P. Shukla, A. Sickles, C. L. Silva, D. Silvermyr, C. Silvestre, K. S. Sim, B. K. Singh, C. P. Singh, V. Singh, M. Slunečka, A. Soldatov, R. A. Soltz, W. E. Sondheim, S. P. Sorensen, I. V. Sourikova, F. Staley, P. W. Stankus, E. Stenlund, M. Stepanov, A. Ster, S. P. Stoll, T. Sugitate, C. Suire, A. Sukhanov, J. Sziklai, E. M. Takagui, A. Taketani, R. Tanabe, Y. Tanaka, S. Taneja, K. Tanida, M. J. Tannenbaum, S. Tarafdar, A. Taranenko, P. Tarján, H. Themann, D. Thomas, T. L. Thomas, M. Togawa, A. Toia, L. Tomášek, Y. Tomita, H. Torii, R. S. Towell, V-N. Tram, I. Tserruya, Y. Tsuchimoto, C. Vale, H. Valle, H. W. van Hecke, E. Vazquez-Zambrano, A. Veicht, J. Velkovska, R. Vértesi, A. A. Vinogradov, M. Virius, V. Vrba, E. Vznuzdaev, X. R. Wang, D. Watanabe, K. Watanabe, Y. Watanabe, F. Wei, J. Wessels, S. N. White, D. Winter, C. L. Woody, R. M. Wright, M. Wysocki, W. Xie, Y. L. Yamaguchi, K. Yamaura, R. Yang, A. Yanovich, J. Ying, S. Yokkaichi, G. R. Young, I. Younus, Z. You, I. E. Yushmanov, W. A. Zajc, O. Zaudtke, C. Zhang, S. Zhou, and L. Zolin

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, media_common.quotation_subject, Zero (complex analysis), Value (computer science), 01 natural sciences, Asymmetry, Nuclear physics, Transverse plane, Correlation function (statistical mechanics), 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Production (computer science), Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, media_common, Spin-½
Abstract

We previously reported [Phys. Rev. D 82, 112008 (2010)] measurements of transverse single-spin asymmetries, A_N, in J/psi production from transversely polarized p+p collisions at sqrt(s)=200 GeV with data taken by the PHENIX experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider in 2006 and 2008. Subsequently, we have found errors in the analysis procedures for the 2008 data, which resulted in an erroneous value for the extracted A_N. The errors affected the sorting of events into the correct left/right and forward/backward bins. This produced an incorrect value for the 2008 result, but the 2006 result is unaffected. We have conducted two independent reanalyses with these errors corrected, and we present here the corrected values for the 2008 data and the combined results for 2006 and 2008. The new combined spin asymmetry in the forward region is A_N = -0.026+/-0.026(stat)+/-0.003(sys). Since this asymmetry is consistent with zero, we no longer claim that our results suggest a possible non-zero trigluon correlation function in transversely polarized protons.

Published
2012
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41. Measurement of direct photons in Au+Au collisions at √(s(NN))=200 GeV

Author

S, Afanasiev, C, Aidala, N N, Ajitanand, Y, Akiba, A, Al-Jamel, J, Alexander, K, Aoki, L, Aphecetche, R, Armendariz, S H, Aronson, R, Averbeck, T C, Awes, B, Azmoun, V, Babintsev, A, Baldisseri, K N, Barish, P D, Barnes, B, Bassalleck, S, Bathe, S, Batsouli, V, Baublis, F, Bauer, A, Bazilevsky, S, Belikov, R, Bennett, Y, Berdnikov, M T, Bjorndal, J G, Boissevain, H, Borel, K, Boyle, M L, Brooks, D S, Brown, D, Bucher, H, Buesching, V, Bumazhnov, G, Bunce, J M, Burward-Hoy, S, Butsyk, S, Campbell, J-S, Chai, S, Chernichenko, C Y, Chi, J, Chiba, M, Chiu, I J, Choi, T, Chujo, V, Cianciolo, C R, Cleven, Y, Cobigo, B A, Cole, M P, Comets, M, Connors, P, Constantin, M, Csanád, T, Csörgő, T, Dahms, K, Das, G, David, H, Delagrange, A, Denisov, D, d'Enterria, A, Deshpande, E J, Desmond, O, Dietzsch, A, Dion, J L, Drachenberg, O, Drapier, A, Drees, A K, Dubey, A, Durum, V, Dzhordzhadze, Y V, Efremenko, J, Egdemir, A, Enokizono, H, En'yo, B, Espagnon, S, Esumi, D E, Fields, F, Fleuret, S L, Fokin, B, Forestier, Z, Fraenkel, J E, Frantz, A, Franz, A D, Frawley, Y, Fukao, S-Y, Fung, S, Gadrat, F, Gastineau, M, Germain, A, Glenn, M, Gonin, J, Gosset, Y, Goto, R, Granier de Cassagnac, N, Grau, S V, Greene, M, Grosse Perdekamp, T, Gunji, H-Å, Gustafsson, T, Hachiya, A, Hadj Henni, J S, Haggerty, M N, Hagiwara, H, Hamagaki, H, Harada, E P, Hartouni, K, Haruna, M, Harvey, E, Haslum, K, Hasuko, R, Hayano, X, He, M, Heffner, T K, Hemmick, J M, Heuser, H, Hiejima, J C, Hill, R, Hobbs, M, Holmes, W, Holzmann, K, Homma, B, Hong, T, Horaguchi, M G, Hur, T, Ichihara, H, Iinuma, K, Imai, J, Imrek, M, Inaba, D, Isenhower, L, Isenhower, M, Ishihara, T, Isobe, M, Issah, A, Isupov, B V, Jacak, J, Jia, J, Jin, O, Jinnouchi, B M, Johnson, K S, Joo, D, Jouan, F, Kajihara, S, Kametani, N, Kamihara, M, Kaneta, J H, Kang, T, Kawagishi, A V, Kazantsev, S, Kelly, A, Khanzadeev, D J, Kim, E, Kim, Y-S, Kim, E, Kinney, A, Kiss, E, Kistenev, A, Kiyomichi, C, Klein-Boesing, L, Kochenda, V, Kochetkov, B, Komkov, M, Konno, D, Kotchetkov, A, Kozlov, P J, Kroon, G J, Kunde, N, Kurihara, K, Kurita, M J, Kweon, Y, Kwon, G S, Kyle, R, Lacey, J G, Lajoie, A, Lebedev, Y, Le Bornec, S, Leckey, D M, Lee, M K, Lee, M J, Leitch, M A L, Leite, X H, Li, H, Lim, A, Litvinenko, M X, Liu, C F, Maguire, Y I, Makdisi, A, Malakhov, M D, Malik, V I, Manko, H, Masui, F, Matathias, M C, McCain, P L, McGaughey, Y, Miake, T E, Miller, A, Milov, S, Mioduszewski, G C, Mishra, J T, Mitchell, D P, Morrison, J M, Moss, T V, Moukhanova, D, Mukhopadhyay, J, Murata, S, Nagamiya, Y, Nagata, J L, Nagle, M, Naglis, T, Nakamura, J, Newby, M, Nguyen, B E, Norman, A S, Nyanin, J, Nystrand, E, O'Brien, C A, Ogilvie, H, Ohnishi, I D, Ojha, K, Okada, O O, Omiwade, A, Oskarsson, I, Otterlund, K, Ozawa, R, Pak, D, Pal, A P T, Palounek, V, Pantuev, V, Papavassiliou, J, Park, W J, Park, S F, Pate, H, Pei, J-C, Peng, H, Pereira, V, Peresedov, D Yu, Peressounko, C, Pinkenburg, R P, Pisani, M L, Purschke, A K, Purwar, H, Qu, J, Rak, I, Ravinovich, K F, Read, M, Reuter, K, Reygers, V, Riabov, Y, Riabov, G, Roche, A, Romana, M, Rosati, S S E, Rosendahl, P, Rosnet, P, Rukoyatkin, V L, Rykov, S S, Ryu, B, Sahlmueller, N, Saito, T, Sakaguchi, S, Sakai, V, Samsonov, H D, Sato, S, Sato, S, Sawada, V, Semenov, R, Seto, D, Sharma, T K, Shea, I, Shein, T-A, Shibata, K, Shigaki, M, Shimomura, T, Shohjoh, K, Shoji, A, Sickles, C L, Silva, D, Silvermyr, K S, Sim, C P, Singh, V, Singh, S, Skutnik, W C, Smith, A, Soldatov, R A, Soltz, W E, Sondheim, S P, Sorensen, I V, Sourikova, F, Staley, P W, Stankus, E, Stenlund, M, Stepanov, A, Ster, S P, Stoll, T, Sugitate, C, Suire, J P, Sullivan, J, Sziklai, T, Tabaru, S, Takagi, E M, Takagui, A, Taketani, K H, Tanaka, Y, Tanaka, K, Tanida, M J, Tannenbaum, A, Taranenko, P, Tarján, T L, Thomas, M, Togawa, J, Tojo, H, Torii, R S, Towell, V-N, Tram, I, Tserruya, Y, Tsuchimoto, S K, Tuli, H, Tydesjö, N, Tyurin, C, Vale, H, Valle, H W, van Hecke, J, Velkovska, R, Vértesi, A A, Vinogradov, E, Vznuzdaev, M, Wagner, X R, Wang, Y, Watanabe, J, Wessels, S N, White, N, Willis, D, Winter, C L, Woody, M, Wysocki, W, Xie, A, Yanovich, S, Yokkaichi, G R, Young, I, Younus, I E, Yushmanov, W A, Zajc, O, Zaudtke, C, Zhang, J, Zimányi, and L, Zolin

Abstract

We report the measurement of direct photons at midrapidity in Au+Au collisions at √(s(NN))=200 GeV. The direct photon signal was extracted for the transverse momentum range of 4 GeV/cp(T)22 GeV/c, using a statistical method to subtract decay photons from the inclusive photon sample. The direct photon nuclear modification factor R(AA) was calculated as a function of p(T) for different Au+Au collision centralities using the measured p+p direct photon spectrum and compared to theoretical predictions. R(AA) was found to be consistent with unity for all centralities over the entire measured p(T) range. Theoretical models that account for modifications of initial direct photon production due to modified parton distribution functions in Au and the different isospin composition of the nuclei predict a modest change of R(AA) from unity. They are consistent with the data. Models with compensating effects of the quark-gluon plasma on high-energy photons, such as suppression of jet-fragmentation photons and induced-photon bremsstrahlung from partons traversing the medium, are also consistent with this measurement.

Published
2012

42. Evolution of π(0) suppression in Au+Au collisions from √(s(NN))=39 to 200 GeV

Author

A, Adare, S, Afanasiev, C, Aidala, N N, Ajitanand, Y, Akiba, R, Akimoto, H, Al-Ta'ani, J, Alexander, A, Angerami, K, Aoki, N, Apadula, Y, Aramaki, H, Asano, E C, Aschenauer, E T, Atomssa, T C, Awes, B, Azmoun, V, Babintsev, M, Bai, B, Bannier, K N, Barish, B, Bassalleck, S, Bathe, V, Baublis, S, Baumgart, A, Bazilevsky, R, Belmont, A, Berdnikov, Y, Berdnikov, X, Bing, D S, Blau, K, Boyle, M L, Brooks, H, Buesching, V, Bumazhnov, S, Butsyk, S, Campbell, P, Castera, C-H, Chen, C Y, Chi, M, Chiu, I J, Choi, J B, Choi, S, Choi, R K, Choudhury, P, Christiansen, T, Chujo, O, Chvala, V, Cianciolo, Z, Citron, B A, Cole, M, Connors, M, Csanád, T, Csörgő, S, Dairaku, A, Datta, M S, Daugherity, G, David, A, Denisov, A, Deshpande, E J, Desmond, K V, Dharmawardane, O, Dietzsch, L, Ding, A, Dion, M, Donadelli, O, Drapier, A, Drees, K A, Drees, J M, Durham, A, Durum, L, D'Orazio, S, Edwards, Y V, Efremenko, T, Engelmore, A, Enokizono, S, Esumi, K O, Eyser, B, Fadem, D E, Fields, M, Finger, F, Fleuret, S L, Fokin, J E, Frantz, A, Franz, A D, Frawley, Y, Fukao, T, Fusayasu, K, Gainey, C, Gal, A, Garishvili, I, Garishvili, A, Glenn, X, Gong, M, Gonin, Y, Goto, R, Granier de Cassagnac, N, Grau, S V, Greene, M, Grosse Perdekamp, T, Gunji, L, Guo, H-Å, Gustafsson, T, Hachiya, J S, Haggerty, K I, Hahn, H, Hamagaki, J, Hanks, K, Hashimoto, E, Haslum, R, Hayano, X, He, T K, Hemmick, T, Hester, J C, Hill, R S, Hollis, K, Homma, B, Hong, T, Horaguchi, Y, Hori, S, Huang, T, Ichihara, H, Iinuma, Y, Ikeda, J, Imrek, M, Inaba, A, Iordanova, D, Isenhower, M, Issah, A, Isupov, D, Ivanischev, B V, Jacak, M, Javani, J, Jia, X, Jiang, B M, Johnson, K S, Joo, D, Jouan, J, Kamin, S, Kaneti, B H, Kang, J H, Kang, J S, Kang, J, Kapustinsky, K, Karatsu, M, Kasai, D, Kawall, A V, Kazantsev, T, Kempel, A, Khanzadeev, K M, Kijima, B I, Kim, C, Kim, D J, Kim, E-J, Kim, H J, Kim, K-B, Kim, Y-J, Kim, Y K, Kim, E, Kinney, A, Kiss, E, Kistenev, J, Klatsky, D, Kleinjan, P, Kline, Y, Komatsu, B, Komkov, J, Koster, D, Kotchetkov, D, Kotov, A, Král, F, Krizek, G J, Kunde, K, Kurita, M, Kurosawa, Y, Kwon, G S, Kyle, R, Lacey, Y S, Lai, J G, Lajoie, A, Lebedev, B, Lee, D M, Lee, J, Lee, K B, Lee, K S, Lee, S H, Lee, S R, Lee, M J, Leitch, M A L, Leite, M, Leitgab, B, Lewis, S H, Lim, L A, Linden Levy, A, Litvinenko, M X, Liu, B, Love, C F, Maguire, Y I, Makdisi, M, Makek, A, Malakhov, A, Manion, V I, Manko, E, Mannel, S, Masumoto, M, McCumber, P L, McGaughey, D, McGlinchey, C, McKinney, M, Mendoza, B, Meredith, Y, Miake, T, Mibe, A C, Mignerey, A, Milov, D K, Mishra, J T, Mitchell, Y, Miyachi, S, Miyasaka, A K, Mohanty, H J, Moon, D P, Morrison, S, Motschwiller, T V, Moukhanova, T, Murakami, J, Murata, T, Nagae, S, Nagamiya, J L, Nagle, M I, Nagy, I, Nakagawa, Y, Nakamiya, K R, Nakamura, T, Nakamura, K, Nakano, C, Nattrass, A, Nederlof, M, Nihashi, R, Nouicer, N, Novitzky, A S, Nyanin, E, O'Brien, C A, Ogilvie, K, Okada, A, Oskarsson, M, Ouchida, K, Ozawa, R, Pak, V, Pantuev, V, Papavassiliou, B H, Park, I H, Park, S K, Park, S F, Pate, L, Patel, H, Pei, J-C, Peng, H, Pereira, V, Peresedov, D Yu, Peressounko, R, Petti, C, Pinkenburg, R P, Pisani, M, Proissl, M L, Purschke, H, Qu, J, Rak, I, Ravinovich, K F, Read, R, Reynolds, V, Riabov, Y, Riabov, E, Richardson, D, Roach, G, Roche, S D, Rolnick, M, Rosati, P, Rukoyatkin, B, Sahlmueller, N, Saito, T, Sakaguchi, V, Samsonov, M, Sano, M, Sarsour, S, Sawada, K, Sedgwick, R, Seidl, A, Sen, R, Seto, D, Sharma, I, Shein, T-A, Shibata, K, Shigaki, M, Shimomura, K, Shoji, P, Shukla, A, Sickles, C L, Silva, D, Silvermyr, K S, Sim, B K, Singh, C P, Singh, V, Singh, M, Slunečka, R A, Soltz, W E, Sondheim, S P, Sorensen, M, Soumya, I V, Sourikova, P W, Stankus, E, Stenlund, M, Stepanov, A, Ster, S P, Stoll, T, Sugitate, A, Sukhanov, J, Sun, J, Sziklai, E M, Takagui, A, Takahara, A, Taketani, Y, Tanaka, S, Taneja, K, Tanida, M J, Tannenbaum, S, Tarafdar, A, Taranenko, E, Tennant, H, Themann, T, Todoroki, L, Tomášek, M, Tomášek, H, Torii, R S, Towell, I, Tserruya, Y, Tsuchimoto, T, Tsuji, C, Vale, H W, van Hecke, M, Vargyas, E, Vazquez-Zambrano, A, Veicht, J, Velkovska, R, Vértesi, M, Virius, A, Vossen, V, Vrba, E, Vznuzdaev, X R, Wang, D, Watanabe, K, Watanabe, Y, Watanabe, Y S, Watanabe, F, Wei, R, Wei, S N, White, D, Winter, S, Wolin, C L, Woody, M, Wysocki, Y L, Yamaguchi, R, Yang, A, Yanovich, J, Ying, S, Yokkaichi, Z, You, I, Younus, I E, Yushmanov, W A, Zajc, A, Zelenski, and L, Zolin

Abstract

Neutral-pion π(0) spectra were measured at midrapidity (|y|0.35) in Au+Au collisions at √(s(NN))=39 and 62.4 GeV and compared with earlier measurements at 200 GeV in a transverse-momentum range of 1p(T)10 GeV/c. The high-p(T) tail is well described by a power law in all cases, and the powers decrease significantly with decreasing center-of-mass energy. The change of powers is very similar to that observed in the corresponding spectra for p+p collisions. The nuclear modification factors (R(AA)) show significant suppression, with a distinct energy, centrality, and p(T) dependence. Above p(T)=7 GeV/c, R(AA) is similar for √(s(NN))=62.4 and 200 GeV at all centralities. Perturbative-quantum-chromodynamics calculations that describe R(AA) well at 200 GeV fail to describe the 39 GeV data, raising the possibility that, for the same p(T) region, the relative importance of initial-state effects and soft processes increases at lower energies. The p(T) range where π(0) spectra in central Au+Au collisions have the same power as in p+p collisions is ≈5 and 7 GeV/c for √(s(NN))=200 and 62.4 GeV, respectively. For the √(s(NN))=39 GeV data, it is not clear whether such a region is reached, and the x(T) dependence of the x(T)-scaling power-law exponent is very different from that observed in the √(s(NN))=62 and 200 GeV data, providing further evidence that initial-state effects and soft processes mask the in-medium suppression of hard-scattered partons to higher p(T) as the collision energy decreases.

Published
2012

43. Allograft osteoarticular resurfacing

Author

A. G. McNickle, B. J. Cole, and M. J. DeFranco

Subjects
musculoskeletal diseases, medicine.medical_specialty, Allograft transplantation, business.industry, Articular cartilage, musculoskeletal system, medicine.disease, Osteochondritis dissecans, Surgery, surgical procedures, operative, medicine, Tibial plateau fracture, Defect size, Implant, Cadaveric spasm, business, Disease transmission
Abstract

Osteochondral allograft transplantation is a surgical technique that relies on obtaining tissue from cadaveric “living” donors. Th e objective is to procure healthy articular cartilage from a donor and transfer it to the damaged area of the recipient’s knee. Using cadaveric tissue eliminates the donor site morbidity associated with osteochondral autografting and allows for the treatment of larger and more aggressive lesions in virtually any joint. Th e technique also allows for the ability to implant fully formed articular cartilage without specific limitation with respect to defect size, and it can be completed as a singlestage procedure. Issues regarding cost, graft availability, cell viability, immunogenicity, and risk of disease transmission are some of the factors that may limit the use of this technique.

Published
2012
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44. Determination of nuclear level densities from experimental information

Author

B. J. Cole, H.G. Miller, and N.J. Davidson

Subjects
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th), Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Nuclear Theory, Thermal, Energy interval, Density of states, FOS: Physical sciences, Atmospheric temperature range, Information theory, Energy (signal processing), Prior information, Computational physics
Abstract

A novel Information Theory based method for determining the density of states from prior information is presented. The energy dependence of the density of states is determined from the observed number of states per energy interval and model calculations suggest that the method is sufficiently reliable to calculate the thermal properties of nuclei over a reasonable temperature range., 7 pages + 6 eps figures, REVTEX 3.0

Published
1994
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45. Quantitative relation between emphysema and lung mineral content in coalworkers

Author

J. Leigh, B. D. Cole, T. R. Driscoll, R. W. Beck, Brynley P Hull, and Jihong Yang

Subjects
Male, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Time Factors, complex mixtures, Gastroenterology, Forced Expiratory Volume, Occupational Exposure, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Coal, Lung, biology, business.industry, Pneumoconiosis, Smoking, Lung fibrosis, Respiratory disease, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Dust, respiratory system, Silicon Dioxide, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Coal Mining, respiratory tract diseases, Time of death, Occupational Diseases, Silica dust, medicine.anatomical_structure, Pulmonary Emphysema, Tasa, business, Research Article
Abstract

The relation between quantified emphysema and measured lung content of coal and silica was investigated in the lungs of 264 deceased underground coalworkers who had been exposed to mixed coal and silica dust. Lung specimens obtained at postmortem and inflated and fixed under standard conditions were used to quantify the extent of emphysema and then to measure the amount of coal and silica present in the lungs at the time of death. These data were combined with clinical and other pathological information from the subjects. Multiple regression analysis showed that the extent of emphysema (E score) had a strong positive quantitative relation with coal content of the lungs (p < 0.0003), age (p < 0.0001), and smoking (p < 0.0001). There was a significant negative interaction of uncertain biological importance between coal content of the lungs and smoking (p < 0.004; E score = -1.79 + 0.62 coal + 0.06 age + 0.21 smoking -0.17 coal x smoking; adjusted R2 = 0.25). In lifelong non-smokers emphysema was particularly strongly related to coal content and age (coal: p < 0.001; age: p < 0.002; E score = -1.56 + 0.78 coal + 0.06 age; adjusted R2 = 0.66). The relation was basically unchanged by adding a lung silica content term. Emphysema score was highly negatively correlated with forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1; % predicted, obtained within five years of death) (r = -0.44, p < 0.0001). Degree of lung fibrosis was highly positively associated with lung silica content (chi 2(1) = 12.9, p < 0.0003). These results provide strong evidence that emphysema in coalworkers is actually related to lung coal content. The role silica in development of emphysema, however remains unclear.

Published
1994
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46. Pain in the Older Person

Author

B. Eliot Cole and Bill H. McCarberg

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, education.field_of_study, Modalities, Postherpetic neuralgia, business.industry, Population, Chronic pain, medicine.disease, Regimen, Health care, medicine, Pain catastrophizing, Intensive care medicine, business, education, Psychosocial
Abstract

The US population is aging with those 65 years or older reaching 70 million (20% of the population) by the year 2030. Chronic conditions such as osteoarthritis, atherosclerosis, cancer, and diabetes prevalent in older Americans will contribute to the increasing costs of health care. Despite the frequency of pain and the suffering that occurs, it is often underreported and undertreated in older people. The incidence of undertreated pain ranges from 25 to 50% in adult communities, from 45 to 80% in nursing homes, and as high as 85% in long-term care facilities. Since cures for many of the chronic conditions manifesting in older patients are not always readily available, there must be a focus on the management of the pain associated with these conditions. There are multiple treatment modalities which have been shown to be effective for older people. The choice of pharmacologic treatment for an individual patient will depend upon multiple factors, including the source and pathophysiology of the pain, and the presence of comorbid conditions. Combining pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic options helps keep the drug effects lower. The growing number and types of analgesics available permit an individualized pharmacologic regimen that targets chronic pain while addressing the issues associated with treating older patients. The goal of this chapter is to explore the topic of pain in the older persons including neurophysiology, measurement of pain in the cognitively intact and nonintact patients, and psychosocial issues associated with pain. Complementary and alternative modalities and pain at the end of life will also be discussed. Suggestions will be made about the future research in the field of pain and aging.

Published
2011
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47. Observation of direct-photon collective flow in Au + Au collisions at √s(NN)] = 200 GeV

Author

A, Adare, S, Afanasiev, C, Aidala, N N, Ajitanand, Y, Akiba, H, Al-Bataineh, J, Alexander, K, Aoki, Y, Aramaki, E T, Atomssa, R, Averbeck, T C, Awes, B, Azmoun, V, Babintsev, M, Bai, G, Baksay, L, Baksay, K N, Barish, B, Bassalleck, A T, Basye, S, Bathe, V, Baublis, C, Baumann, A, Bazilevsky, S, Belikov, R, Belmont, R, Bennett, A, Berdnikov, Y, Berdnikov, A A, Bickley, J S, Bok, K, Boyle, M L, Brooks, H, Buesching, V, Bumazhnov, G, Bunce, S, Butsyk, C M, Camacho, S, Campbell, C-H, Chen, C Y, Chi, M, Chiu, I J, Choi, R K, Choudhury, P, Christiansen, T, Chujo, P, Chung, O, Chvala, V, Cianciolo, Z, Citron, B A, Cole, M, Connors, P, Constantin, M, Csanád, T, Csörgő, T, Dahms, S, Dairaku, I, Danchev, K, Das, A, Datta, G, David, A, Denisov, A, Deshpande, E J, Desmond, O, Dietzsch, A, Dion, M, Donadelli, O, Drapier, A, Drees, K A, Drees, J M, Durham, A, Durum, D, Dutta, S, Edwards, Y V, Efremenko, F, Ellinghaus, T, Engelmore, A, Enokizono, H, En'yo, S, Esumi, B, Fadem, D E, Fields, M, Finger, F, Fleuret, S L, Fokin, Z, Fraenkel, J E, Frantz, A, Franz, A D, Frawley, K, Fujiwara, Y, Fukao, T, Fusayasu, I, Garishvili, A, Glenn, H, Gong, M, Gonin, Y, Goto, R, Granier de Cassagnac, N, Grau, S V, Greene, M, Grosse Perdekamp, T, Gunji, H-Å, Gustafsson, J S, Haggerty, K I, Hahn, H, Hamagaki, J, Hamblen, R, Han, J, Hanks, E P, Hartouni, E, Haslum, R, Hayano, X, He, M, Heffner, T K, Hemmick, T, Hester, J C, Hill, M, Hohlmann, W, Holzmann, K, Homma, B, Hong, T, Horaguchi, D, Hornback, S, Huang, T, Ichihara, R, Ichimiya, J, Ide, Y, Ikeda, K, Imai, M, Inaba, D, Isenhower, M, Ishihara, T, Isobe, M, Issah, A, Isupov, D, Ivanischev, B V, Jacak, J, Jia, J, Jin, B M, Johnson, K S, Joo, D, Jouan, D S, Jumper, F, Kajihara, S, Kametani, N, Kamihara, J, Kamin, J H, Kang, J, Kapustinsky, K, Karatsu, D, Kawall, M, Kawashima, A V, Kazantsev, T, Kempel, A, Khanzadeev, K M, Kijima, B I, Kim, D H, Kim, D J, Kim, E, Kim, E J, Kim, S H, Kim, Y J, Kim, E, Kinney, K, Kiriluk, A, Kiss, E, Kistenev, C, Klein-Boesing, L, Kochenda, B, Komkov, M, Konno, J, Koster, D, Kotchetkov, A, Kozlov, A, Král, A, Kravitz, G J, Kunde, K, Kurita, M, Kurosawa, Y, Kwon, G S, Kyle, R, Lacey, Y S, Lai, J G, Lajoie, A, Lebedev, D M, Lee, J, Lee, K, Lee, K B, Lee, K S, Lee, M J, Leitch, M A L, Leite, E, Leitner, B, Lenzi, X, Li, P, Liebing, L A, Linden Levy, T, Liška, A, Litvinenko, H, Liu, M X, Liu, B, Love, R, Luechtenborg, D, Lynch, C F, Maguire, Y I, Makdisi, A, Malakhov, M D, Malik, V I, Manko, E, Mannel, Y, Mao, H, Masui, F, Matathias, M, McCumber, P L, McGaughey, N, Means, B, Meredith, Y, Miake, A C, Mignerey, P, Mikeš, K, Miki, A, Milov, M, Mishra, J T, Mitchell, A K, Mohanty, Y, Morino, A, Morreale, D P, Morrison, T V, Moukhanova, J, Murata, S, Nagamiya, J L, Nagle, M, Naglis, M I, Nagy, I, Nakagawa, Y, Nakamiya, T, Nakamura, K, Nakano, J, Newby, M, Nguyen, R, Nouicer, A S, Nyanin, E, O'Brien, S X, Oda, C A, Ogilvie, M, Oka, K, Okada, Y, Onuki, A, Oskarsson, M, Ouchida, K, Ozawa, R, Pak, V, Pantuev, V, Papavassiliou, I H, Park, J, Park, S K, Park, W J, Park, S F, Pate, H, Pei, J-C, Peng, H, Pereira, V, Peresedov, D Yu, Peressounko, C, Pinkenburg, R P, Pisani, M, Proissl, M L, Purschke, A K, Purwar, H, Qu, J, Rak, A, Rakotozafindrabe, I, Ravinovich, K F, Read, K, Reygers, V, Riabov, Y, Riabov, E, Richardson, D, Roach, G, Roche, S D, Rolnick, M, Rosati, C A, Rosen, S S E, Rosendahl, P, Rosnet, P, Rukoyatkin, P, Ružička, B, Sahlmueller, N, Saito, T, Sakaguchi, K, Sakashita, V, Samsonov, S, Sano, T, Sato, S, Sawada, K, Sedgwick, J, Seele, R, Seidl, A Yu, Semenov, R, Seto, D, Sharma, I, Shein, T-A, Shibata, K, Shigaki, M, Shimomura, K, Shoji, P, Shukla, A, Sickles, C L, Silva, D, Silvermyr, C, Silvestre, K S, Sim, B K, Singh, C P, Singh, V, Singh, M, Slunečka, R A, Soltz, W E, Sondheim, S P, Sorensen, I V, Sourikova, N A, Sparks, P W, Stankus, E, Stenlund, S P, Stoll, T, Sugitate, A, Sukhanov, J, Sziklai, E M, Takagui, A, Taketani, R, Tanabe, Y, Tanaka, K, Tanida, M J, Tannenbaum, S, Tarafdar, A, Taranenko, P, Tarján, H, Themann, T L, Thomas, M, Togawa, A, Toia, L, Tomášek, H, Torii, R S, Towell, I, Tserruya, Y, Tsuchimoto, C, Vale, H, Valle, H W, van Hecke, E, Vazquez-Zambrano, A, Veicht, J, Velkovska, R, Vértesi, A A, Vinogradov, M, Virius, V, Vrba, E, Vznuzdaev, X R, Wang, D, Watanabe, K, Watanabe, Y, Watanabe, F, Wei, R, Wei, J, Wessels, S N, White, D, Winter, J P, Wood, C L, Woody, R M, Wright, M, Wysocki, W, Xie, Y L, Yamaguchi, K, Yamaura, R, Yang, A, Yanovich, J, Ying, S, Yokkaichi, Z, You, G R, Young, I, Younus, I E, Yushmanov, W A, Zajc, C, Zhang, S, Zhou, and L, Zolin

Abstract

The second Fourier component v(2) of the azimuthal anisotropy with respect to the reaction plane is measured for direct photons at midrapidity and transverse momentum (p(T)) of 1-12 GeV/c in Au + Au collisions at √s(NN)] = 200 GeV. Previous measurements of this quantity for hadrons with p(T)6 GeV/c indicate that the medium behaves like a nearly perfect fluid, while for p(T)6 GeV/c a reduced anisotropy is interpreted in terms of a path-length dependence for parton energy loss. In this measurement with the PHENIX detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider we find that for p(T)4 GeV/c the anisotropy for direct photons is consistent with zero, which is as expected if the dominant source of direct photons is initial hard scattering. However, in the p(T)4 GeV/c region dominated by thermal photons, we find a substantial direct-photon v(2) comparable to that of hadrons, whereas model calculations for thermal photons in this kinematic region underpredict the observed v(2).

Published
2011

48. Suppression of back-to-back hadron pairs at forward rapidity in d+Au collisions at √s(NN)=200 GeV

Author

A, Adare, S, Afanasiev, C, Aidala, N N, Ajitanand, Y, Akiba, H, Al-Bataineh, J, Alexander, A, Angerami, K, Aoki, N, Apadula, Y, Aramaki, E T, Atomssa, R, Averbeck, T C, Awes, B, Azmoun, V, Babintsev, M, Bai, G, Baksay, L, Baksay, K N, Barish, B, Bassalleck, A T, Basye, S, Bathe, V, Baublis, C, Baumann, A, Bazilevsky, S, Belikov, R, Belmont, R, Bennett, A, Berdnikov, Y, Berdnikov, J H, Bhom, D S, Blau, J S, Bok, K, Boyle, M L, Brooks, H, Buesching, V, Bumazhnov, G, Bunce, S, Butsyk, S, Campbell, A, Caringi, C-H, Chen, C Y, Chi, M, Chiu, I J, Choi, J B, Choi, R K, Choudhury, P, Christiansen, T, Chujo, P, Chung, O, Chvala, V, Cianciolo, Z, Citron, B A, Cole, Z, Conesa del Valle, M, Connors, M, Csanád, T, Csörgo, T, Dahms, S, Dairaku, I, Danchev, K, Das, A, Datta, G, David, M K, Dayananda, A, Denisov, A, Deshpande, E J, Desmond, K V, Dharmawardane, O, Dietzsch, A, Dion, M, Donadelli, O, Drapier, A, Drees, K A, Drees, J M, Durham, A, Durum, D, Dutta, L, D'Orazio, S, Edwards, Y V, Efremenko, F, Ellinghaus, T, Engelmore, A, Enokizono, H, En'yo, S, Esumi, B, Fadem, D E, Fields, M, Finger, F, Fleuret, S L, Fokin, Z, Fraenkel, J E, Frantz, A, Franz, A D, Frawley, K, Fujiwara, Y, Fukao, T, Fusayasu, I, Garishvili, A, Glenn, H, Gong, M, Gonin, Y, Goto, R, Granier de Cassagnac, N, Grau, S V, Greene, G, Grim, M, Grosse Perdekamp, T, Gunji, H-Å, Gustafsson, J S, Haggerty, K I, Hahn, H, Hamagaki, J, Hamblen, R, Han, J, Hanks, E, Haslum, R, Hayano, X, He, M, Heffner, T K, Hemmick, T, Hester, J C, Hill, M, Hohlmann, W, Holzmann, K, Homma, B, Hong, T, Horaguchi, D, Hornback, S, Huang, T, Ichihara, R, Ichimiya, Y, Ikeda, K, Imai, M, Inaba, D, Isenhower, M, Ishihara, M, Issah, A, Isupov, D, Ivanischev, Y, Iwanaga, B V, Jacak, J, Jia, X, Jiang, J, Jin, B M, Johnson, T, Jones, K S, Joo, D, Jouan, D S, Jumper, F, Kajihara, J, Kamin, J H, Kang, J, Kapustinsky, K, Karatsu, M, Kasai, D, Kawall, M, Kawashima, A V, Kazantsev, T, Kempel, A, Khanzadeev, K M, Kijima, J, Kikuchi, A, Kim, B I, Kim, D J, Kim, E J, Kim, Y-J, Kim, E, Kinney, Á, Kiss, E, Kistenev, L, Kochenda, B, Komkov, M, Konno, J, Koster, A, Král, A, Kravitz, G J, Kunde, K, Kurita, M, Kurosawa, Y, Kwon, G S, Kyle, R, Lacey, Y S, Lai, J G, Lajoie, A, Lebedev, D M, Lee, J, Lee, K B, Lee, K S, Lee, M J, Leitch, M A L, Leite, X, Li, P, Lichtenwalner, P, Liebing, L A, Linden Levy, T, Liška, A, Litvinenko, H, Liu, M X, Liu, B, Love, D, Lynch, C F, Maguire, Y I, Makdisi, A, Malakhov, M D, Malik, V I, Manko, E, Mannel, Y, Mao, H, Masui, F, Matathias, M, McCumber, P L, McGaughey, N, Means, B, Meredith, Y, Miake, T, Mibe, A C, Mignerey, K, Miki, A, Milov, J T, Mitchell, A K, Mohanty, H J, Moon, Y, Morino, A, Morreale, D P, Morrison, T V, Moukhanova, T, Murakami, J, Murata, S, Nagamiya, J L, Nagle, M, Naglis, M I, Nagy, I, Nakagawa, Y, Nakamiya, K R, Nakamura, T, Nakamura, K, Nakano, S, Nam, J, Newby, M, Nguyen, M, Nihashi, R, Nouicer, A S, Nyanin, C, Oakley, E, O'Brien, S X, Oda, C A, Ogilvie, M, Oka, K, Okada, Y, Onuki, A, Oskarsson, M, Ouchida, K, Ozawa, R, Pak, V, Pantuev, V, Papavassiliou, I H, Park, S K, Park, W J, Park, S F, Pate, H, Pei, J-C, Peng, H, Pereira, V, Peresedov, D Yu, Peressounko, R, Petti, C, Pinkenburg, R P, Pisani, M, Proissl, M L, Purschke, H, Qu, J, Rak, I, Ravinovich, K F, Read, K, Reygers, V, Riabov, Y, Riabov, E, Richardson, D, Roach, G, Roche, S D, Rolnick, M, Rosati, C A, Rosen, S S E, Rosendahl, P, Rukoyatkin, P, Ružička, B, Sahlmueller, N, Saito, T, Sakaguchi, K, Sakashita, V, Samsonov, S, Sano, T, Sato, S, Sawada, K, Sedgwick, J, Seele, R, Seidl, R, Seto, D, Sharma, I, Shein, T-A, Shibata, K, Shigaki, M, Shimomura, K, Shoji, P, Shukla, A, Sickles, C L, Silva, D, Silvermyr, C, Silvestre, K S, Sim, B K, Singh, C P, Singh, V, Singh, M, Slunečka, R A, Soltz, W E, Sondheim, S P, Sorensen, I V, Sourikova, P W, Stankus, E, Stenlund, S P, Stoll, T, Sugitate, A, Sukhanov, J, Sziklai, E M, Takagui, A, Taketani, R, Tanabe, Y, Tanaka, S, Taneja, K, Tanida, M J, Tannenbaum, S, Tarafdar, A, Taranenko, H, Themann, D, Thomas, T L, Thomas, M, Togawa, A, Toia, L, Tomášek, H, Torii, R S, Towell, I, Tserruya, Y, Tsuchimoto, C, Vale, H, Valle, H W, van Hecke, E, Vazquez-Zambrano, A, Veicht, J, Velkovska, R, Vértesi, M, Virius, V, Vrba, E, Vznuzdaev, X R, Wang, D, Watanabe, K, Watanabe, Y, Watanabe, F, Wei, R, Wei, J, Wessels, S N, White, D, Winter, C L, Woody, R M, Wright, M, Wysocki, Y L, Yamaguchi, K, Yamaura, R, Yang, A, Yanovich, J, Ying, S, Yokkaichi, Z, You, G R, Young, I, Younus, I E, Yushmanov, W A, Zajc, S, Zhou, and L, Zolin

Abstract

Back-to-back hadron pair yields in d+Au and p+p collisions at √s(NN)=200 GeV were measured with the PHENIX detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. Rapidity separated hadron pairs were detected with the trigger hadron at pseudorapidity |η|0.35 and the associated hadron at forward rapidity (deuteron direction, 3.0η3.8). Pairs were also detected with both hadrons measured at forward rapidity; in this case, the yield of back-to-back hadron pairs in d+Au collisions with small impact parameters is observed to be suppressed by a factor of 10 relative to p+p collisions. The kinematics of these pairs is expected to probe partons in the Au nucleus with a low fraction x of the nucleon momenta, where the gluon densities rise sharply. The observed suppression as a function of nuclear thickness, p(T), and η points to cold nuclear matter effects arising at high parton densities.

Published
2011

49. Measurements of higher order flow harmonics in Au+Au collisions at √s(NN)=200 GeV

Author

A, Adare, S, Afanasiev, C, Aidala, N N, Ajitanand, Y, Akiba, H, Al-Bataineh, J, Alexander, K, Aoki, Y, Aramaki, E T, Atomssa, R, Averbeck, T C, Awes, B, Azmoun, V, Babintsev, M, Bai, G, Baksay, L, Baksay, K N, Barish, B, Bassalleck, A T, Basye, S, Bathe, V, Baublis, C, Baumann, A, Bazilevsky, S, Belikov, R, Belmont, R, Bennett, A, Berdnikov, Y, Berdnikov, A A, Bickley, J S, Bok, K, Boyle, M L, Brooks, H, Buesching, V, Bumazhnov, G, Bunce, S, Butsyk, C M, Camacho, S, Campbell, C-H, Chen, C Y, Chi, M, Chiu, I J, Choi, R K, Choudhury, P, Christiansen, T, Chujo, P, Chung, O, Chvala, V, Cianciolo, Z, Citron, B A, Cole, M, Connors, P, Constantin, M, Csanád, T, Csörgo, T, Dahms, S, Dairaku, I, Danchev, K, Das, A, Datta, G, David, A, Denisov, A, Deshpande, E J, Desmond, O, Dietzsch, A, Dion, M, Donadelli, O, Drapier, A, Drees, K A, Drees, J M, Durham, A, Durum, D, Dutta, S, Edwards, Y V, Efremenko, F, Ellinghaus, T, Engelmore, A, Enokizono, H, En'yo, S, Esumi, B, Fadem, D E, Fields, M, Finger, F, Fleuret, S L, Fokin, Z, Fraenkel, J E, Frantz, A, Franz, A D, Frawley, K, Fujiwara, Y, Fukao, T, Fusayasu, I, Garishvili, A, Glenn, H, Gong, M, Gonin, Y, Goto, R, Granier de Cassagnac, N, Grau, S V, Greene, M, Grosse Perdekamp, T, Gunji, H-Å, Gustafsson, J S, Haggerty, K I, Hahn, H, Hamagaki, J, Hamblen, R, Han, J, Hanks, E P, Hartouni, E, Haslum, R, Hayano, X, He, M, Heffner, T K, Hemmick, T, Hester, J C, Hill, M, Hohlmann, W, Holzmann, K, Homma, B, Hong, T, Horaguchi, D, Hornback, S, Huang, T, Ichihara, R, Ichimiya, J, Ide, Y, Ikeda, K, Imai, M, Inaba, D, Isenhower, M, Ishihara, T, Isobe, M, Issah, A, Isupov, D, Ivanischev, B V, Jacak, J, Jia, J, Jin, B M, Johnson, K S, Joo, D, Jouan, D S, Jumper, F, Kajihara, S, Kametani, N, Kamihara, J, Kamin, J H, Kang, J, Kapustinsky, K, Karatsu, D, Kawall, M, Kawashima, A V, Kazantsev, T, Kempel, A, Khanzadeev, K M, Kijima, B I, Kim, D H, Kim, D J, Kim, E, Kim, E J, Kim, S H, Kim, Y J, Kim, E, Kinney, K, Kiriluk, Á, Kiss, E, Kistenev, L, Kochenda, B, Komkov, M, Konno, J, Koster, D, Kotchetkov, A, Kozlov, A, Král, A, Kravitz, G J, Kunde, K, Kurita, M, Kurosawa, Y, Kwon, G S, Kyle, R, Lacey, Y S, Lai, J G, Lajoie, A, Lebedev, D M, Lee, J, Lee, K, Lee, K B, Lee, K S, Lee, M J, Leitch, M A L, Leite, E, Leitner, B, Lenzi, X, Li, P, Liebing, L A, Linden Levy, T, Liška, A, Litvinenko, H, Liu, M X, Liu, B, Love, R, Luechtenborg, D, Lynch, C F, Maguire, Y I, Makdisi, A, Malakhov, M D, Malik, V I, Manko, E, Mannel, Y, Mao, H, Masui, F, Matathias, M, McCumber, P L, McGaughey, N, Means, B, Meredith, Y, Miake, A C, Mignerey, P, Mikeš, K, Miki, A, Milov, M, Mishra, J T, Mitchell, A K, Mohanty, Y, Morino, A, Morreale, D P, Morrison, T V, Moukhanova, J, Murata, S, Nagamiya, J L, Nagle, M, Naglis, M I, Nagy, I, Nakagawa, Y, Nakamiya, T, Nakamura, K, Nakano, J, Newby, M, Nguyen, R, Nouicer, A S, Nyanin, E, O'Brien, S X, Oda, C A, Ogilvie, M, Oka, K, Okada, Y, Onuki, A, Oskarsson, M, Ouchida, K, Ozawa, R, Pak, V, Pantuev, V, Papavassiliou, I H, Park, J, Park, S K, Park, W J, Park, S F, Pate, H, Pei, J-C, Peng, H, Pereira, V, Peresedov, D Yu, Peressounko, C, Pinkenburg, R P, Pisani, M, Proissl, M L, Purschke, A K, Purwar, H, Qu, J, Rak, A, Rakotozafindrabe, I, Ravinovich, K F, Read, K, Reygers, V, Riabov, Y, Riabov, E, Richardson, D, Roach, G, Roche, S D, Rolnick, M, Rosati, C A, Rosen, S S E, Rosendahl, P, Rosnet, P, Rukoyatkin, P, Ružička, B, Sahlmueller, N, Saito, T, Sakaguchi, K, Sakashita, V, Samsonov, S, Sano, T, Sato, S, Sawada, K, Sedgwick, J, Seele, R, Seidl, A Yu, Semenov, R, Seto, D, Sharma, I, Shein, T-A, Shibata, K, Shigaki, M, Shimomura, K, Shoji, P, Shukla, A, Sickles, C L, Silva, D, Silvermyr, C, Silvestre, K S, Sim, B K, Singh, C P, Singh, V, Singh, M, Slunečka, R A, Soltz, W E, Sondheim, S P, Sorensen, I V, Sourikova, N A, Sparks, P W, Stankus, E, Stenlund, S P, Stoll, T, Sugitate, A, Sukhanov, J, Sziklai, E M, Takagui, A, Taketani, R, Tanabe, Y, Tanaka, K, Tanida, M J, Tannenbaum, S, Tarafdar, A, Taranenko, P, Tarján, H, Themann, T L, Thomas, M, Togawa, A, Toia, L, Tomášek, H, Torii, R S, Towell, I, Tserruya, Y, Tsuchimoto, C, Vale, H, Valle, H W, van Hecke, E, Vazquez-Zambrano, A, Veicht, J, Velkovska, R, Vértesi, A A, Vinogradov, M, Virius, V, Vrba, E, Vznuzdaev, X R, Wang, D, Watanabe, K, Watanabe, Y, Watanabe, F, Wei, R, Wei, J, Wessels, S N, White, D, Winter, J P, Wood, C L, Woody, R M, Wright, M, Wysocki, W, Xie, Y L, Yamaguchi, K, Yamaura, R, Yang, A, Yanovich, J, Ying, S, Yokkaichi, Z, You, G R, Young, I, Younus, I E, Yushmanov, W A, Zajc, C, Zhang, S, Zhou, and L, Zolin

Abstract

Flow coefficients ν(n) for n=2, 3, 4, characterizing the anisotropic collective flow in Au+Au collisions at √s(NN)=200 GeV, are measured relative to event planes Ψ(n), determined at large rapidity. We report ν(n) as a function of transverse momentum and collision centrality, and study the correlations among the event planes of different order n. The ν(n) are well described by hydrodynamic models which employ a Glauber Monte Carlo initial state geometry with fluctuations, providing additional constraining power on the interplay between initial conditions and the effects of viscosity as the system evolves. This new constraint can serve to improve the precision of the extracted shear viscosity to entropy density ratio η/s.

Published
2011

50. Lower Extremity-Articular Cartilage Injuries

Author

B. J. Cole, S. Bajaj, and M. O. Petrera

Subjects
musculoskeletal diseases, medicine.medical_specialty, Debridement, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Articular cartilage injuries, Articular cartilage, medicine.disease, Asymptomatic, Surgery, Lesion, Subchondral bone, medicine, Etiology, medicine.symptom, Autologous chondrocyte implantation, business
Abstract

Articular cartilage provides for a smooth low-friction articulation, joint lubrication, and proper stress distribution in order to minimize peak force on the subchondral bone. Acute or repetitive impact can result in articular cartilage lesions, but fortunately in most cases these are asymptomatic. However, when symptomatic, these lesions cause pain, swelling, joint dysfunction, and instability. Multiple non-surgical and surgical therapeutic options are available to treat such chondral injuries. Non-surgical options include oral medications, injections, bracing, and physical therapy. Surgical interventions range from a simple arthroscopic debridement and lavage to allograft transplantation. To determine the proper treatment approach, it is crucial for the operating surgeon to consider the patient’s age, symptom intensity, clinical history, post-operative expectations, and lesion characteristics. This chapter provides an overview of the etiology, diagnosis, and management of articular cartilage lesions.

Published
2011
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