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Background- Diabetic keratopathy is a known entity that affects approximately 70% of diabetic population and includes decrease in corneal endothelial cell density (CED) and hexagonality, polymegathism, pleomorphism, increase in CCT, higher corneal autofluorescence, and lower corneal sensitivity. Objectives: To study the central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior chamber depth (ACD) in patients with type II diabetes mellitus and compare it with healthy controls. Methods: This was a prospective; hospital‑based study approved by institutional ethical committee conducted on 50 type II diabetics and 50 healthy controls. Complete ophthalmic examination was performed. CCT was measured using an ultrasound pachymeter, ACD, and AL was measured using an optical biometer. Analysis of data was done by using SPSS software ver. 22. Data were statistically described in terms of mean (±SD), frequencies (number of cases) and percentages when appropriate. Results: The mean age of all recruited patients was 57.52 ± 9.66 years. The study was female preponderance (60%). Mean IOP in diabetic was 13.11 while in Non-diabetics was 13.4 and it was not significant. The mean CCT in diabetics 511 (±33.42) μm was significantly thicker than the CCT of healthy controls 505.70 (±32.19) μm (P < 0.01).

Background: Lasik-Laser in situ keratomileusis is by for the predominant refractive procedure in use today. We are beginning to learn both its full potential and its limitations. This includes refining our knowledge about how much refractive error can be corrected with LASIK while maintaining a high quality of vision. Aim: To evaluate and compare the outcome of LASIK performed in patients with mild, moderate and severe myopia using SCHWIND ESIRIS excimer laser system. Methods: A hospital based, prospective, randomized case study was conducted on 78 eyes of 40 patients underwent LASIK with SCHWIND ESIRIS Laser system of which 40 eyes were of low myopia, 28 eyes were of moderate myopia and 10 eyes were of high myopia at Vinayaka Mission Hospital, Salem, between January-2010 to December-2010. Results: Preoperative & postoperative BCVA was compared which was found to be statistically significant, there was no postoperative decrease in vision during the 6 months follow up. There was no incidence of corneal ectasia during the 6 months. There was no retreatment in this study. Importantly the safety profile of LASIK in the study was found to be excellent.

Background- Phacoemulsification is considered not only as a cataract surgery but also as a refractive surgery due to negligible astigmatism following micro incision and refractive error correcting/ presbyopia correcting IOLs. Objective- To evaluate the effect of anterior capsule polishing on capsular bag and IOL position after phacoemulsification. Methods- In this prospective randomized clinical trial comprised of 120 eyes of 60 consecutive patients with bilateral age related cataract who undergoes phacoemulsification in VMKVMCH, Salem is evaluated. The ACD was measured 1 week, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months and1 year after surgery. The actual axial movement of IOL was defined as the root mean square (RMS) of the change in ELP at each visit. Results- A total of 120 eyes of 60 patients were included, and 60 patients (50%) were men. All the patients underwent uneventful surgeries with­out intra-operative or postoperative complica­tions, and returned on time for measurements. The mean age of them was 70.4±7.2 years (range 54 to 78 years). Mean ELP among differ­ent visits of the polished group was more stable than that of the control group.

Introduction-Mucormycosis is an angio invasive infection that occurs due to fungi Mucorales. It occurs primarily in severe immunocompromised individuals and in poorly controlled diabetes mellitus patients. Objectives-To study the clinical features and assess the severity of orbital involvement among the rhino-orbital mucormycosis patients. To study the management & outcome in post covid rhino orbital mucormycosis patients. Methods- It was a Hospital based retrospective study conducted from a period June 2021 to August 2021(3 months) in Vinayaka Mission’s Kirupananda Variyar Medical College, Salem. Sample size of 50 taken from medical records section.Patient’s demographic data like age, gender were noted. Data such as presenting symptoms, signs, history of presenting illness, COVID history, and associated co morbidities were noted. Findings of anterior segment evaluation (done by slit lamp biomicroscopy in ambulatory patients, torch light examination for bed ridden patients) were noted. SPSS (Version 22.0) was used for analysis. Results-the most common age group was 40-60 years (58%), followed by >60 years (24%), this suggest that mostly mucormycosis is more common after 40 years as per present study. most common duration was between 2-4 weeks when the symptoms of mucormycosis starts to seen from COVID seen in 58% of patients (p>0.05).

Adult onset xanthogranuloma(AOX) is one of the very uncommon four varieties of adult xanthogranulomatous disease diagnosed mostly by characteristic histology. The work focusses on excision of the mass in the control of recurrence and associated periocular manifestations. The entity of above case report is very rare and unique and needs proper treatment and careful follow up to prevent cosmetic disfigurement.

The study examines the barriers related to Library and Information Science. A structured questionnaire was designed and directly administered to the LIS Research Scholars who are currently involved in the Research in the Universities/Colleges of Tamil Nadu (India). A total of 124 questionnaires were distributed and 109 respondents have replied. The majority of common barriers faced by the respondents are ‘High Expenditure’, ‘Lack of Statistical Skills’, and ‘Inadequate of infrastructures’ and ‘Poor response in data collection’. The study is also recommended that the Universities/Colleges offered the research programmes should consider to reduce the expenditure in terms of fee structures for the research and also the schools/departments which offer the research programme should redesign the syllabus to include the skills required to carry out the research. Further, it is emphasized that the LIS professionals should encourage and support the research scholars by means of providing the required data for the research. Este artigo analisa as barreiras relacionadas ao campo científico da Biblioteconomia e Ciência da Informação (BCI). Um questionário estruturado foi elaborado e aplicado diretamente aos bolsistas de pesquisa da área de BCI, e que estão atualmente desenvolvendo pesquisas nas universidades/faculdades de Tamil Nadu (Índia). Um total de 124 questionários foi distribuído entre os pesquisadores e obteve-se o retorno de 109 respondentes. A maioria dos obstáculos enfrentados pelos entrevistados refere-se a ‘gastos excessivos’, ‘falta de conhecimento estatístico’, ‘infraestrutura inadequada’ e ‘má qualidade das respostas obtidas na coleta de dados’. Recomenda-se que as universidades/faculdades que oferecem programas de investigação devem considerar a redução de gastos, no que tange a estrutura de custos para o desenvolvimento de pesquisa e, também, as escolas/departamentos e seu corpo docente que oferecem programas de investigação devem redesenhar o conteúdo programático, a fim de incluir os conhecimentos necessários para se executar uma pesquisa. Além disso, enfatiza-se que os profissionais de BCI devem estimular e dar apoio aos bolsistas de pesquisa, provendo-lhes os dados indispensáveis à pesquisa.