31 results on '"B. Liese"'
Search Results
2. Global Development-Related Assistance for Mental Health: A Review of the Last Decade
- Author
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E. Huang, B. Liese, and M. Wickremsinhe
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Medicine ,General Medicine ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 ,business ,Psychiatry ,International development ,Mental health - Published
- 2017
Catalog
3. APOC’s strategy of community-directed treatment with ivermectin (CDTI) and its potential for providing additional health services to the poorest populations
- Author
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D. E. Etya'alé, Oladele O. Kale, A. Sékétéli, B. Benton, B. Liese, Mamoun M. A. Homeida, K. Y. Dadzie, E. Elhassan, Uche V. Amazigo, E. I. Braide, and Mounkaila Noma
- Subjects
Window of opportunity ,Economic growth ,Poverty ,business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Capacity building ,Developing country ,medicine.disease ,Infectious Diseases ,Environmental protection ,General partnership ,Health care ,Medicine ,Parasitology ,business ,Onchocerciasis ,Empowerment ,media_common - Abstract
Since its inauguration in 1995, the African Programme for Onchocerciasis Control (APOC) has made significant progress towards achieving its main objective: to establish sustainable community-directed treatment with ivermectin (CDTI) in onchocerciasis-endemic areas outside of the remit of the Onchocerciasis Control Programme in West Africa (OCP). In the year 2000, the programme, in partnership with governments, non-governmental organizations and the endemic communities themselves, succeeded in treating 20,298,138 individuals in 49,654 communities in 63 projects in 14 countries. Besides the distribution of ivermectin, the programme has strengthened primary healthcare (PHC) through capacity-building, mobilization of resources and empowerment of communities. The community-directed-treatment approach is a model that can be adopted in developing other community-based health programmes. The approach has also made it possible to bring to the poor some measure of intervention in some other healthcare programmes, such as those for malaria control, eye care, maternal and child health, nutrition and immunization. CDTI presents, at all stages of its implementation, a unique window of opportunity for promoting the functional integration of healthcare activities. For this to be done successfully and in a co-ordinated manner, adequate funding of CDTI within PHC is as important as an effective sensitization of the relevant policy-makers, healthworkers and communities on the value of integration (accompanied by appropriate training at all levels). Evaluation of the experiences in integration of health services, particularly at community level, is crucial to the success of the integration. more...
- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Lymphatic filariasis: setting the scene for elimination
- Author
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David H. Molyneux, David L Heymann, B. Liese, and Maria Neira
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,International Cooperation ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Disease control ,Surgery ,Albendazole ,Filariasis ,Elephantiasis, Filarial ,Filaricides ,Infectious Diseases ,Ivermectin ,Lymphatic system ,medicine ,Humans ,Parasitology ,Public Health ,Intensive care medicine ,business ,Lymphatic filariasis ,medicine.drug - Published
- 2000
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Factor VIII Inhibitor–Tests Could Be Less Sensitive Than Supposed
- Author
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B. Liese, R. Eisert, U. Bohn, Arnold Ganser, M. von Depka, M. Kraus, and Monika Barthels
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Paraproteinemias ,Hemorrhage ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,Isoantibodies ,Internal medicine ,Humans ,Medicine ,Child ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,Factor VIII ,business.industry ,Factor VIII inhibitor ,Thrombin ,Hematology ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,Immunoglobulin A ,Endocrinology ,Lupus Coagulation Inhibitor ,Immunology ,Female ,Blood Coagulation Tests ,business - Published
- 1999
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Editorial: Lymphatic filariasis endemicity--an indicator of poverty?
- Author
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John O. Gyapong, David N Durrheim, Shona Wynd, and B. Liese
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Poverty ,Endemic Diseases ,business.industry ,Public health ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Developing country ,Millennium Development Goals ,Quarter (United States coin) ,medicine.disease ,Infectious Diseases ,Elephantiasis, Filarial ,Development economics ,medicine ,Global health ,Humans ,Parasitology ,Prosperity ,business ,Developing Countries ,Malaria ,media_common - Abstract
Health is a cherished human value shared across geopolitical and sociocultural divides. It is thus a sad indictment on our global morality that despite enormous biomedical advances and global economic prosperity in the past few decades, huge disparities in health status persist between and often within countries. The Public Health movement, notwithstanding an apparent metamorphosis from the ‘Old’ to the ‘New’, has largely failed to narrow the health divide between wealthy and poor nations. In no sphere is this disparity more obvious than that of infectious diseases. Thirty per cent of the global burden of disease and a quarter of all deaths are still attributed to infectious diseases, and more than 95% of these deaths occur in the developing world where poverty is prevalent (Gwatkin et al. 1999; Folch et al. 2003). more...
- Published
- 2004
7. A multi-centre study of community-directed ivermectin distributors' (CDDs') involvement in other healthcare and development programme activities in Cameroon, Togo, Sudan, Nigeria and Uganda
- Author
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P Ngang, M T Sama, Uche V. Amazigo, Mamoun M. A. Homeida, A. Sékétéli, and B. Liese
- Subjects
Male ,030231 tropical medicine ,Distribution (economics) ,Nigeria ,Sudan ,03 medical and health sciences ,Random Allocation ,0302 clinical medicine ,Ivermectin ,030225 pediatrics ,Onchocerciasis, Ocular ,Health care ,Outcome Assessment, Health Care ,Medicine ,Humans ,Uganda ,Health and development ,Cameroon ,Community Health Services ,Multi centre ,Socioeconomics ,Community Health Workers ,business.industry ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,medicine.disease ,Health Surveys ,Community-Institutional Relations ,Infectious Diseases ,Filaricides ,Togo ,Sustainability ,Optometry ,Female ,Rural Health Services ,business ,Onchocerciasis ,Qualitative research ,medicine.drug - Abstract
A multi-centre study to determine whether community-directed distributors (CDDs) are capable of carrying out additional healthcare and developmental activities in their communities was carried out in Cameroon, Nigeria, Sudan, Uganda and Togo to ascertain the potential effects of their involvement on the implementation of community-directed treatment with ivermectin (CDTI). Both quantitative and qualitative methods were used to collect data from households, community-directed distributors, community leaders, and health workers. The results showed no major decrease in the CDDs' performance in CDTI: On the contrary, the involvement of CDDs in other health and development activities motivated them to perform their CDTI functions better. However, the results did not show any significant increase in therapeutic coverage of ivermectin distribution. The expansion of the CDDs' experience to include additional healthcare and development related activities would be of interest to onchocerciasis control programmes – it will strengthen CDTI sustainability through greater integration. more...
- Published
- 2003
8. APOC's strategy of community-directed treatment with ivermectin (CDTI) and its potential for providing additional health services to the poorest populations. African Programme for Onchocerciasis Control
- Author
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M, Homeida, E, Braide, E, Elhassan, U V, Amazigo, B, Liese, B, Benton, M, Noma, D, Etya'alé, K Y, Dadzie, O O, Kale, and A, Sékétéli
- Subjects
Filaricides ,Ivermectin ,International Cooperation ,Onchocerciasis, Ocular ,Africa ,Humans ,Community Health Services ,Developing Countries ,Poverty - Abstract
Since its inauguration in 1995, the African Programme for Onchocerciasis Control (APOC) has made significant progress towards achieving its main objective: to establish sustainable community-directed treatment with ivermectin (CDTI) in onchocerciasis-endemic areas outside of the remit of the Onchocerciasis Control Programme in West Africa (OCP). In the year 2000, the programme, in partnership with governments, non-governmental organizations and the endemic communities themselves, succeeded in treating 20,298,138 individuals in 49,654 communities in 63 projects in 14 countries. Besides the distribution of ivermectin, the programme has strengthened primary healthcare (PHC) through capacity-building, mobilization of resources and empowerment of communities. The community-directed-treatment approach is a model that can be adopted in developing other community-based health programmes. The approach has also made it possible to bring to the poor some measure of intervention in some other healthcare programmes, such as those for malaria control, eye care, maternal and child health, nutrition and immunization. CDTI presents, at all stages of its implementation, a unique window of opportunity for promoting the functional integration of healthcare activities. For this to be done successfully and in a co-ordinated manner, adequate funding of CDTI within PHC is as important as an effective sensitization of the relevant policy-makers, healthworkers and communities on the value of integration (accompanied by appropriate training at all levels). Evaluation of the experiences in integration of health services, particularly at community level, is crucial to the success of the integration. more...
- Published
- 2002
9. Partnership and promise: evolution of the African river-blindness campaigns
- Author
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B. Liese, B. Benton, Jesse B. Bump, and A. Sékétéli
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Economic growth ,media_common.quotation_subject ,International Cooperation ,Interprofessional Relations ,Developing country ,Foreign direct investment ,Disease Vectors ,Environmental protection ,Onchocerciasis, Ocular ,Medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Empowerment ,Developing Countries ,media_common ,Ivermectin ,business.industry ,Public health ,Diptera ,International community ,medicine.disease ,Infectious Diseases ,Filaricides ,Donation ,General partnership ,Africa ,Public Health Practice ,Parasitology ,business ,Onchocerciasis - Abstract
This article describes the evolution of the partnership, between various health and developmental agencies, that has sustained the campaign against river blindness in Africa. The international community was oblivious to the devastating public-health and socio-economic consequences of onchocerciasis until towards the end of the 1960s and the beginning of the 1970s. Then a 'Mission to West Africa', supported by the United Nations Development Programme, and a visit to the sub-region by the president of the World Bank culminated, in 1974, in the inauguration of the Onchocerciasis Control Programme in West Africa (OCP). OCP was a landmark event for the World Bank as it represented its first ever direct investment in a public-health initiative. The resounding success of the OCP is a testimony to the power of the partnership which, with the advent of the Mectizan Donation Programme, was emboldened to extend the scope of its activities to encompass the remaining endemic regions of Africa outside the OCP area. The progress that has been made in consolidating the partnership is discussed in this article. The prospects of adapting the various strategies of the African Programme for Onchocerciasis Control, to entrench an integrated approach that couples strong regional co-ordination with empowerment of local communities and thereby address many other health problems, are also explored. more...
- Published
- 2002
10. Global campaign to eradicate malaria
- Author
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S. Meek, J. Edmondson, D. Carroll, D H Molyneux, G Barnish, S Looreesuwan, B Liese, and J Hemingway
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Addiction ,media_common.quotation_subject ,General Engineering ,Non malignant ,General Medicine ,Evidence-based medicine ,medicine.disease ,Pethidine ,Opioid ,Frostbite ,medicine ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Severe pain ,In patient ,business ,Psychiatry ,General Environmental Science ,media_common ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Editor—McQuay in his editorial says that we know that if the opioid sensitive pain later resolves treatment can be stopped without patients becoming addicts.1 Does he mean that there is little or no chance of addiction or that occasionally the patient will not become addicted? There is no reference given for this statement. As a medical student (long before evidence based medicine) I was led to believe that in this situation there was very little risk of addiction. But my faith in this comforting idea was shaken by my experience of being involved with the management of a mountaineer who had severe frostbite of the hands and feet in Nepal 40 years ago. When in hospital in Kathmandu the severe pain in his feet could only be controlled by opioids (pethidine). In discussions about the continued use of this drug I took a relaxed attitude because of the teaching I had received. The man later had to have both legs amputated below the knee. During this time he became thoroughly addicted to pethidine. The management of drug addition was less developed in those days and he decided to come off “cold turkey.” His experience in achieving this is graphically described in his book, No Place for Man.2 From what we know of the effect of opioids in downregulating the opioid receptors it is hardly surprising that continued use of high doses of opioids even in opioid sensitive pain relief is likely to lead to addiction. The outcome, however, may well depend on the dose and route of administration. I agree with McQuay that we urgently need more hard data. more...
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. The Organization of schistosomiasis control programmes
- Author
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B. Liese
- Subjects
Economic growth ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Institutionalisation ,business.industry ,Public health ,Psychological intervention ,Developing country ,Tropical disease ,medicine.disease ,Intervention (law) ,Environmental protection ,medicine ,Parasitology ,Rural electrification ,business ,Constraint (mathematics) - Abstract
A major constraint to the control of communicable diseases in developing countries is the lack of adequate institutionalization of public health activities. The usual political perception is that the public will benefit more from economic and social development than from public health interventions. Planners and politicians generally hold that investment in rural electrification, roads and education will bring more long-term benefit than equivalent investments in public health. Sadly therefore, public health interventions have usually been designed and implemented as short-term, high-return activities in an atmosphere of unrealistic optimism. This criticism can be applied to most tropical diseases, but the potential of new weapons against many of the most widespread parasitic diseases places some urgency on an analysis of the most effective way to implement these interventions. In an attempt to identify and begin to resolve some of these issues, The World Bank, WHO and McConnell Clark Foundation sponsored a workshop on the Organization and Management of Schistosomiasis and other Tropical Disease Control Programmes. The meeting addressed general issues of the organization of public health services, but focused on schistosomiasis where the development of effective, single oral dose chemotherapy (using oxamniquine or praziquantel) is seen as a realistic intervention for large-scale control throughout the 74 endemic countries. In this article, Bernhard Liese reviews the institutional questions, drawing examples from the often cited control programmes in Brazil, Ghana, Egypt, Morocco, Sudan and the Philippines. more...
- Published
- 1986
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Additional factor XII (Hageman factor) deficiency in hemophilia A and in von Willebrand syndrome
- Author
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H. E. Karges, J. Edel, B. Liese, and M. Barthels
- Subjects
Male ,congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities ,medicine.medical_specialty ,animal structures ,Adolescent ,Factor XII Deficiency ,Factor XII deficiency ,HAGEMAN FACTOR DEFICIENCY ,Hemophilia A ,Gastroenterology ,Hemophilia B ,Von willebrand ,hemic and lymphatic diseases ,Internal medicine ,Drug Discovery ,medicine ,Humans ,cardiovascular diseases ,Child ,Genetics (clinical) ,Coagulation Disorder ,Factor XII ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,General Medicine ,Plasma levels ,Pedigree ,von Willebrand Diseases ,Factor VIII level ,Molecular Medicine ,Partial Thromboplastin Time ,business ,circulatory and respiratory physiology ,Partial thromboplastin time - Abstract
Factor XII plasma levels were investigated with several methods in patients with hemophilia A and B and von Willebrand syndrome. There seem to be some families with hemophilia A or von Willebrand syndrome, who have an additional, congenital, partial lack of factor XII (Hageman factor). The mode of inheritance is independent of the other coagulation disorder. Frequently, the first indication of an additional factor XII deficiency is the disproportionate prolongation of the activated partial thromboplastin time (PTT) as regards the factor VIII level. The average factor XII level in patients with hemophilia A and von Willebrand syndrome is significantly lower than in normal subjects or patients with hemophilia B. It cannot be excluded that the frequently low levels of factor XII in patients with severe hemophilia are acquired and probably due to liver cell damage. more...
- Published
- 1982
13. [Corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) stimulation test in asthmatic patients with different steroid medications]
- Author
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C, Marsiske, D, Haack, G, Kunkel, K, Grabnitzki, P, Vescei, and B, Liese
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Adolescent ,Adrenocorticotropic Hormone ,Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ,Hydrocortisone ,Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone ,Humans ,Female ,Middle Aged ,Glucocorticoids ,Asthma ,Aged - Published
- 1986
14. Preface
- Author
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B. Liese and G. Webbe
- Subjects
Infectious Diseases ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Parasitology ,General Medicine - Published
- 1987
- Full Text
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15. Global campaign to eradicate malaria. Malaria is paradigm of an emergent disease.
- Author
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H, Molyneux D, G, Barnish, S, Looreesuwan, B, Liese, and J, Hemingway
- Published
- 2001
16. Uptake of microplastics and impacts on plant traits of savoy cabbage.
- Author
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Liese B, Stock NL, Düwel J, Pilger C, Huser T, and Müller C
- Subjects
- Plastics analysis, Ecosystem, Polystyrenes analysis, Plants metabolism, Polyethylene toxicity, Polyethylene analysis, Microplastics toxicity, Brassica metabolism
- Abstract
Anthropogenic influences such as plastic pollution are causing serious environmental problems. While effects of microplastics on marine organisms are well studied, less is known about effects of plastic particles on terrestrial organisms such as plants. We investigated the effects of microplastic particles on different growth and metabolic traits of savoy cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. sabauda). Sections of seedlings exposed to polystyrene particles were analysed by coherent Raman scattering microscopy. These analyses revealed an uptake of particles in a size range of 0.5 µm to 2.0 µm into cells of the hypocotyl. Furthermore, plants were grown in substrate amended with polyethylene and polystyrene particles of different sizes (s
1 : 200-500 µm; s2 : 100-200 µm; s3 : 20-100 µm; s4 : < 100 µm, with most particles < 20 µm; s5 : < 20 µm) and in different concentrations (c1 = 0.1%, c2 = 0.01%, c3 = 0.001%). After several weeks, shoot and root biomass were harvested. Leaves were analysed for their carbon to nitrogen ratio, while amino acid and glucosinolate composition were measured using high performance liquid chromatography. Plastic type, particle size and concentration showed distinct effects on certain plant traits. Shoot biomass was interactively influenced by size and concentration of polyethylene, while root biomass was not modified by any of the plastic exposure treatments. Likewise, the composition and total concentrations of leaf amino acids were not affected, but the leucine concentration was significantly increased in several of the plastic-exposed plants. Glucosinolates were also slightly altered, depending on the particle size. Some of the observed effects may be independent of plastic uptake, as larger particles were not taken up but still could affect plant traits. For example, in the rhizosphere plastic particles may increase the water holding capacity of the soil, impacting some of the plant traits. In summary, this study shows how important the plastic type, particle size and concentration are for the uptake of microplastics and their effects on plant traits, which may have important implications for crops, but also for ecosystems., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.) more...- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Overview of snakebite in Brazil: Possible drivers and a tool for risk mapping.
- Author
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Schneider MC, Min KD, Hamrick PN, Montebello LR, Ranieri TM, Mardini L, Camara VM, Raggio Luiz R, Liese B, Vuckovic M, Moraes MO, and Lima NT
- Subjects
- Animals, Antivenins, Brazil epidemiology, Decision Making, Geographic Mapping, Humans, Incidence, Risk Assessment, Snakes, Socioeconomic Factors, Snake Bites epidemiology
- Abstract
Snakebite envenoming affects close to 2.7 million people globally every year. In Brazil, snakebites are reported to the Ministry of Health surveillance system and cases receive antivenom free of charge. There is an urgent need to identify higher risk areas for antivenom distribution, and to develop prevention activities. The objective of this study is to provide an overview of the epidemiological situation of snakebite envenoming in Brazil and explore possible drivers; as well as to create a flowchart tool to support decision-makers identify higher risk areas. An ecological-type study was carried out using data by municipality (2013-2017). Study parts: 1) Create a geocoded database and perform a descriptive and cluster analysis; 2) Statistical analysis to measure the association of snakebite and possible environmental and socioeconomic drivers; 3) Develop a flowchart to support decision-makers and the application of this tool in one state (Rio Grande do Sul) as an example. An average of 27,120 snakebite cases per year were reported at the country level. Clusters of municipalities with high numbers of snakebites are mostly found in the Amazon Legal Region. The negative binomial regression model showed association with the snakebite case count: the type of major habitat, tropical or non-tropical; temperature; percentage of urbanization; precipitation; elevation; GDP per capita; a weaker relation with forest loss; and with venomous snake richness. The state where the instrument was applied reported 4,227 snakebites in the period. Most municipalities were considered as medium risk and 56/496 as high risk according to the tool created. Snakebite cases are distributed across the entire country with the highest concentration in the Legal Amazon Region. This creates a complex situation both for better understanding of the association of environmental and socioeconomic factors with snakebites and for the distribution and maintenance of antivenom to remote areas. Research into types of antivenom with a longer shelf life without the need for refrigeration is needed., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. more...
- Published
- 2021
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18. The CD14 rs2569190 TT Genotype Is Associated with an Improved 30-Day Survival in Patients with Sepsis: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study.
- Author
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Mansur A, Liese B, Steinau M, Ghadimi M, Bergmann I, Tzvetkov M, Popov AF, Beissbarth T, Bauer M, and Hinz J
- Subjects
- Adult, Disease-Free Survival, Female, Humans, Male, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Survival Rate, Alleles, Homozygote, Lipopolysaccharide Receptors genetics, Polymorphism, Genetic, Sepsis genetics, Sepsis mortality
- Abstract
According to previous investigations, CD14 is suggested to play a pivotal role in initiating and perpetuating the pro-inflammatory response during sepsis. A functional polymorphism within the CD14 gene, rs2569190, has been shown to impact the pro-inflammatory response upon stimulation with lipopolysaccharide, a central mediator of inflammation in sepsis. In this study, we hypothesized that the strong pro-inflammatory response induced by the TT genotype of CD14 rs2569190 may have a beneficial effect on survival (30-day) in patients with sepsis. A total of 417 adult patients with sepsis (and of western European descent) were enrolled into this observational study. Blood samples were collected for rs2569190 genotyping. Patients were followed over the course of their stay in the ICU, and the 30-day mortality risk was recorded as the primary outcome parameter. Sepsis-related organ failure assessment (SOFA) scores were quantified at sepsis onset and throughout the observational period to monitor organ failure as a secondary variable. Moreover, organ support-free days were evaluated as a secondary outcome parameter. TT-homozygous patients were compared to C-allele carriers. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed a higher 30-day mortality risk among C-allele carriers compared with T homozygotes (p = 0.0261). To exclude the effect of potential confounders (age, gender, BMI and type of infection) and covariates that varied at baseline with a p-value < 0.2 (e.g., comorbidities), we performed multivariate Cox regression analysis to examine the survival time. The CD14 rs2569190 C allele remained a significant covariate for the 30-day mortality risk in the multivariate analysis (hazard ratio, 2.11; 95% CI, 1.08-4.12; p = 0.0282). The 30-day mortality rate among C allele carriers was 23%, whereas the T homozygotes had a mortality rate of 13%. Additionally, an analysis of organ-specific SOFA scores revealed a significantly higher SOFA-Central nervous system score among patients carrying the C allele compared with T-homozygous patients (1.9±1.1 and 1.6±1.0, respectively; p = 0.0311). In conclusion, CD14 rs2569190 may act as a prognostic variable for the short-term outcome (30-day survival) in patients with sepsis. more...
- Published
- 2015
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- View/download PDF
19. Programmes, partnerships, and governance for elimination and control of neglected tropical diseases.
- Author
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Liese B, Rosenberg M, and Schratz A
- Subjects
- Animals, Attitude of Health Personnel, Disease Vectors, Humans, International Cooperation, Terminology as Topic, Tropical Medicine economics, Tropical Medicine trends, World Health Organization, Tropical Medicine methods
- Abstract
Neglected tropical diseases represent one of the most serious burdens to public health. Many can be treated cost-effectively, yet they have been largely ignored on the global health policy agenda until recently. In this first paper in the Series we review the fragmented structure of elimination and control programmes for these diseases, starting with the ambiguous definition of a neglected tropical disease. We describe selected international control initiatives and present their effect, governance arrangements, and financing mechanisms, including substantial drug-donation programmes. We also discuss efforts to exploit shared features of these diseases by integration of selected control activities within countries, thus creating economies of scope. Finally we address the challenges, resulting from the diversity of disease control approaches and governance structures-both nationally and internationally-and provide some suggestions for the way forward., (Copyright 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.) more...
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. What aspects of treatment matter to the patient in the treatment of cocaine dependence?
- Author
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Siqueland L, Crits-Christoph P, Barber JP, Connolly Gibbons MB, Gallop R, Griffin M, Frank A, Thase ME, Luborsky L, and Liese B
- Subjects
- Adult, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy methods, Counseling methods, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Female, Humans, Male, New England, Patient Compliance, Psychotherapeutic Processes, Surveys and Questionnaires, Attitude to Health, Cocaine-Related Disorders rehabilitation, Psychotherapy methods
- Abstract
Patient views of the helpful aspects of treatment were examined in the NIDA Collaborative Cocaine Treatment Study, a multi-site trial comparing four psychosocial treatments: individual cognitive therapy (CT), individual supportive expressive dynamic therapy (SE), individual drug counseling, and group drug counseling only, for the treatment of cocaine dependence. Factor analysis of the items of Helpful Aspects of Treatment measure suggested a general therapy factor, a group treatment/education factor, and a treatment structure factor. No differences were found among the four treatments on the ratings of helpfulness of these three factors, common factors, or drug intervention components. However, treatment specific cognitive therapy items (e.g. use of the cognitive model) and treatment structure differentiated individual CT from individual SE, and to a lesser extent from individual drug counseling. Ratings of helpfulness were significantly related to retention and alliance but were largely unrelated to changes in drug use or psychiatric outcomes. more...
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Editorial: Lymphatic filariasis endemicity--an indicator of poverty?
- Author
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Durrheim DN, Wynd S, Liese B, and Gyapong JO
- Subjects
- Humans, Developing Countries economics, Developing Countries statistics & numerical data, Elephantiasis, Filarial epidemiology, Endemic Diseases, Poverty
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Partnership and promise: evolution of the African river-blindness campaigns.
- Author
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Benton B, Bump J, Sékétéli A, and Liese B
- Subjects
- Africa, Animals, Diptera, Disease Vectors, Filaricides therapeutic use, Humans, Ivermectin therapeutic use, Onchocerciasis, Ocular epidemiology, Public Health Practice, Developing Countries, International Cooperation, Interprofessional Relations, Onchocerciasis, Ocular prevention & control
- Abstract
This article describes the evolution of the partnership, between various health and developmental agencies, that has sustained the campaign against river blindness in Africa. The international community was oblivious to the devastating public-health and socio-economic consequences of onchocerciasis until towards the end of the 1960s and the beginning of the 1970s. Then a 'Mission to West Africa', supported by the United Nations Development Programme, and a visit to the sub-region by the president of the World Bank culminated, in 1974, in the inauguration of the Onchocerciasis Control Programme in West Africa (OCP). OCP was a landmark event for the World Bank as it represented its first ever direct investment in a public-health initiative. The resounding success of the OCP is a testimony to the power of the partnership which, with the advent of the Mectizan Donation Programme, was emboldened to extend the scope of its activities to encompass the remaining endemic regions of Africa outside the OCP area. The progress that has been made in consolidating the partnership is discussed in this article. The prospects of adapting the various strategies of the African Programme for Onchocerciasis Control, to entrench an integrated approach that couples strong regional co-ordination with empowerment of local communities and thereby address many other health problems, are also explored. more...
- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Global campaign to eradicate malaria. Malaria is paradigm of an emergent disease.
- Author
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Molyneux DH, Barnish G, Looreesuwan S, Liese B, and Hemingway J
- Subjects
- Animals, Anopheles genetics, Drug Resistance, Humans, Insecticides, Mutation, Communicable Diseases, Emerging prevention & control, Malaria prevention & control
- Published
- 2001
24. Onchocerciasis control strategies.
- Author
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Abiose A, Homeida M, Liese B, Molyneux D, and Remme H
- Subjects
- Africa, Endemic Diseases prevention & control, Humans, Communicable Disease Control methods, Onchocerciasis prevention & control
- Published
- 2000
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Video display terminal workstation improvement program: II. Ergonomic intervention and reduction of musculoskeletal discomfort.
- Author
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Demure B, Mundt KA, Bigelow C, Luippold RS, Ali D, and Liese B
- Subjects
- Adult, Cohort Studies, Data Collection, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Job Satisfaction, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Musculoskeletal Diseases etiology, Occupational Diseases etiology, Occupational Health, Computer Terminals, Ergonomics, Musculoskeletal Diseases prevention & control, Occupational Diseases prevention & control, Primary Prevention organization & administration
- Abstract
The effects of an ergonomic intervention on musculoskeletal discomfort in 118 video display terminal (VDT) users were assessed 1 year after intervention. The intervention consisted of recommended changes to workstations, which were based on the evaluation of 15 ergonomic characteristics. Compliance with the intervention was at least 75% for most workstation characteristics. Reduction in discomfort was substantial and was highest for the wrist/hand (57%), lower back (43%), and neck/shoulder (41%) severity of discomfort outcomes. Neither compliance with intervention on individual workstation characteristics nor summary intervention scores were associated with reduction in discomfort. Our results demonstrate that although reduction of musculoskeletal discomfort may be observed in the context of an intervention study, it may be difficult to link these benefits to specific interventions. more...
- Published
- 2000
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26. Video display terminal workstation improvement program: I. Baseline associations between musculoskeletal discomfort and ergonomic features of workstations.
- Author
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Demure B, Luippold RS, Bigelow C, Ali D, Mundt KA, and Liese B
- Subjects
- Adult, Age Distribution, Confidence Intervals, Data Collection, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Multivariate Analysis, Musculoskeletal Diseases epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Diseases etiology, Neck Pain epidemiology, Neck Pain etiology, Neck Pain prevention & control, Occupational Diseases epidemiology, Occupational Diseases etiology, Occupational Health, Odds Ratio, Program Development, Risk Factors, Sex Distribution, Computer Terminals, Ergonomics, Musculoskeletal Diseases prevention & control, Occupational Diseases prevention & control, Primary Prevention organization & administration
- Abstract
Associations between selected sites of musculoskeletal discomfort and ergonomic characteristics of the video display terminal (VDT) workstation were assessed in analyses controlling for demographic, psychosocial stress, and VDT use factors in 273 VDT users from a large administrative department. Significant associations with wrist/hand discomfort were seen for female gender; working 7+ hours at a VDT; low job satisfaction; poor keyboard position; use of new, adjustable furniture; and layout of the workstation. Significantly increased odds ratios for neck/shoulder discomfort were observed for 7+ hours at a VDT, less than complete job control, older age (40 to 49 years), and never/infrequent breaks. Lower back discomfort was related marginally to working 7+ hours at a VDT. These results demonstrate that some characteristics of VDT workstations, after accounting for psychosocial stress, can be correlated with musculoskeletal discomfort. more...
- Published
- 2000
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Risk factors for psychological stress among international business travellers.
- Author
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Striker J, Luippold RS, Nagy L, Liese B, Bigelow C, and Mundt KA
- Subjects
- Adaptation, Psychological, Adult, Family Health, Female, Focus Groups, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Multivariate Analysis, Risk Factors, Workload, Commerce, Occupational Diseases psychology, Stress, Psychological etiology, Travel
- Abstract
Objectives: This study investigated sources of self reported psychological stress among international business travellers at the World Bank, following up on a previous study showing that travellers submitted more insurance claims for psychological disorders. Hypotheses were that work, personal, family, and health concerns, as well as time zone travel, contribute to travel stress., Methods: A travel survey was developed from focus groups and consisted of questions about these potential sources of travel stress. Surveys were sent to a random sample of staff, stratified by number of travel missions, age range, and sex. Canonical correlation analyses estimated the association between key survey items on sources of stress and two measures of travel stress., Results: 498 staff completed the survey. More than a third reported high to very high travel stress. Correlations between predictors and travel stress showed that social and emotional concerns (such as impact of travel on family and sense of isolation) contributed the most to such stress, followed by health concerns, and workload upon return from travel. Surprisingly, time zone travel did not contribute to the self reported stress of these travellers. There were few modifiers of stress, although respondents suggested that a day of rest after travel and reduced workloads would help., Conclusions: The current study confirms clinical impressions about several correlates of travel stress. Similar research with travellers in other organisations could help to determine whether the findings from this study are valid and what measures can be taken to reduce the psychological health risks to travellers. more...
- Published
- 1999
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Training in cognitive, supportive-expressive, and drug counseling therapies for cocaine dependence.
- Author
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Crits-Christoph P, Siqueland L, Chittams J, Barber JP, Beck AT, Frank A, Liese B, Luborsky L, Mark D, Mercer D, Onken LS, Najavits LM, Thase ME, and Woody G
- Subjects
- Adult, Curriculum, Female, Humans, Inservice Training, Male, Manuals as Topic, Middle Aged, Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care, Professional Competence, Cocaine-Related Disorders rehabilitation, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy education, Counseling education, Psychotherapy education, Social Support
- Abstract
This study assessed the effects of training on the performance of 65 therapists in delivering manual-guided therapies to 202 cocaine-dependent patients. Changes in ratings of therapists' adherence and competence was assessed in 3 treatment modalities: supportive-expressive dynamic therapy (SE), cognitive therapy (CT), and individual drug counseling. Effects of manual-guided training on the therapeutic alliance were also assessed. Training effects were examined through a hierarchical linear modeling approach that examined changes both within cases and across training cases. A large effect across cases was detected for training in CT. Supportive-expressive therapists and individual drug counselors demonstrated statistically significant learning trends over sessions but not over training cases. Training in SE and CT did not have a negative impact on the therapeutic alliance, although alliance scores for trainees in drug counseling initially decreased but then rebounded to initial levels. more...
- Published
- 1998
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Medical insurance claims associated with international business travel.
- Author
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Liese B, Mundt KA, Dell LD, Nagy L, and Demure B
- Subjects
- Adult, Communicable Diseases epidemiology, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Stress, Psychological epidemiology, Insurance, Health statistics & numerical data, Occupational Diseases epidemiology, Travel statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
Objectives: Preliminary investigations of whether 10,884 staff and consultants of the World Bank experience disease due to work related travel. Medical insurance claims filed by 4738 travellers during 1993 were compared with claims of non-travellers., Methods: Specific diagnoses obtained from claims were analysed overall (one or more v no missions) and by frequency of international mission (1, 2-3, or > or = 4). Standardised rate of claims ratios (SSRs) for each diagnostic category were obtained by dividing the age adjusted rate of claims for travellers by the age adjusted rate of claims for non-travellers, and were calculated for men and women travellers separately., Results: Overall, rates of insurance claims were 80% higher for men and 18% higher for women travellers than their non-travelling counterparts. Several associations with frequency of travel were found. SRRs for infectious disease were 1.28, 1.54, and 1.97 among men who had completed one, two or three, and four or more missions, and 1.16, 1.28, and 1.61, respectively, among women. The greatest excess related to travel was found for psychological disorders. For men SRRs were 2.11, 3.13, and 3.06 and for women, SRRs were 1.47, 1.96, and 2.59., Conclusions: International business travel may pose health risks beyond exposure to infectious diseases. Because travellers file medical claims at a greater rate than non-travellers, and for many categories of disease, the rate of claims increases with frequency of travel. The reasons for higher rates of claims among travellers are not well understood. Additional research on psychosocial factors, health practices, time zones crossed, and temporal relation between travel and onset of disease is planned. more...
- Published
- 1997
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Additional factor XII (Hageman factor) deficiency in hemophilia A and in von Willebrand syndrome.
- Author
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Barthels M, Edel J, Liese B, and Karges HE
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Child, Factor XII Deficiency genetics, Hemophilia B complications, Humans, Male, Partial Thromboplastin Time, Pedigree, Factor XII Deficiency complications, Hemophilia A complications, von Willebrand Diseases complications
- Abstract
Factor XII plasma levels were investigated with several methods in patients with hemophilia A and B and von Willebrand syndrome. There seem to be some families with hemophilia A or von Willebrand syndrome, who have an additional, congenital, partial lack of factor XII (Hageman factor). The mode of inheritance is independent of the other coagulation disorder. Frequently, the first indication of an additional factor XII deficiency is the disproportionate prolongation of the activated partial thromboplastin time (PTT) as regards the factor VIII level. The average factor XII level in patients with hemophilia A and von Willebrand syndrome is significantly lower than in normal subjects or patients with hemophilia B. It cannot be excluded that the frequently low levels of factor XII in patients with severe hemophilia are acquired and probably due to liver cell damage. more...
- Published
- 1982
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. [Corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) stimulation test in asthmatic patients with different steroid medications].
- Author
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Marsiske C, Haack D, Kunkel G, Grabnitzki K, Vescei P, and Liese B
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Asthma blood, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Adrenocorticotropic Hormone blood, Asthma drug therapy, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone, Glucocorticoids therapeutic use, Hydrocortisone blood
- Published
- 1986
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