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Resumen Objetivo Determinar el nivel de actividad fisica (AF) y la presencia de alteraciones posturales (AP) en la columna vertebral, relacionados con la jornada laboral en administrativos universitarios. Metodos Se realizo un estudio transversal en la Universidad Popular Autonoma del Estado de Puebla (UPAEP) en 302 colaboradores administrativos, desde los meses de agosto a diciembre de 2019. Se aplico el cuestionario International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short-Form (IPAQ-SF) para determinar el nivel de AF, la prueba flechas sagitales para evaluar las AP de la columna vertebral, medidas antropometricas y cuestionario laboral. Para el analisis estadistico se utilizo la prueba t de Student para las variables numericas y la χ2 de Pearson para las variables categoricas. Resultados El 59,94% de la muestra pasa mas de 6 h frente al ordenador. La prevalencia fue mayor en las mujeres respecto al nivel mas bajo de AF (p Conclusiones Los trabajadores administrativos universitarios presentan un nivel de AF bajo, sobre todo en las mujeres. Se propone que el numero de horas frente al ordenador puede ser un mecanismo potencialmente danino. Es necesario un estudio de seguimiento para establecer la relacion causa/efecto a largo plazo.

The problem that the world is currently facing and that has claimed more than 3.2 million lives worldwide is COVID-19. Being a highly contagious disease, the WHO recommended limiting the movement of people out of their residence. Given this, Peru took the necessary measures to control the spread of this virus, therefore, the government decreed a general quarantine in the country, which from March 6th to May 9th, 2020, had reported the death of 1814 people in the country, because the health system at the national level was not prepared for such magnitude, in addition to that the number of infections continued to grow since they do not respect social distancing. In view of this problem, this article will design a thermal image processing system to detect possible cases of patients with COVID-19, in such a way that it allows companies or institutions to know the body temperature of each person, and thus know they are possibly COVID-19 patients. Through the design of this system, it will be possible to measure body temperature with the drone and the thermal camera at 50 cm from the person, in such a way that if the person has a body temperature higher than 38°C it could be infected with COVID-19. Therefore, the implementation of this system will help reduce the number of infections within an institution or workplace. © 2021 International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering. All rights reserved.

BACKGROUND: As robotic surgery becomes more ubiquitous, determining clinical benefit is necessary in order to justify the cost and time investment required to become proficient. We hypothesized that robotic cholecystectomy would be associated with improved clinical outcomes but also increased cost as compared with standard laparoscopic cholecystectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All patients undergoing robotic or laparoscopic cholecystectomy at a single academic hospital between 2007-2017 were identified using an institutional clinical data repository. Patients were stratified by operative approach (robotic vs. laparoscopic) for comparison and propensity score-matched 1:10 based on relevant comorbidities and demographics. Categorical variables were analyzed by Chi-square test and continuous variables using Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS: 3,255 patients underwent cholecystectomy during the study period. There were no differences in demographics or BMI, but greater rates of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and gastroesophageal reflux disease were present in the laparoscopic group. After matching (n=106 robotic, n=1060 laparoscopic), there were no differences in preoperative comorbidities. Patients who underwent robotic cholecystectomy had lesser durations of stay (Robot: 0.1±0.7 vs. Lap: 0.8±1.9, p < 0.0001) and lesser 90-day readmission rates (Robot: 0% [0], Lap: 4.1% [43], p = 0.035); however, both operative and hospital costs were greater compared with laparoscopic cholecystectomy. CONCLUSIONS: Robotic cholecystectomy is associated with lesser duration of stay and lesser readmission rate within 90-days of the index operation, but also greater operative duration and hospital cost compared with laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Hospitals and surgeons need to consider the improved clinical outcomes but also the monetary and time investment required prior to pursuing robotic cholecystectomy.

Speech has a very significant impact on the life quality of people with cleft and lip palate. Restore tissue anatomy and functionality is the main aim of primary palatal surgery. Multiple factors are associated with successful handling, including the need for a velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) secondary surgery. The study's aim is to determine speech and velopharyngeal function outcomes in children with cleft palate operated in our institution and to determine VPI secondary surgery outcomes, if appropriate. Clinical records of nonsyndromic patients with cleft palate born between January 2009 and December 2012, who performed their multidisciplinary care on our institution, were analyzed retrospectively. One hundred forty-two patients received primary palatal surgery. Eighty (56%) were male and 62 (44%) female. Twenty-two had soft cleft palate, 9 hard and soft cleft palate, 84 unilateral, and 27 bilateral cleft lip and palate. Twelve percent of patients presented palatal fistula, with a significantly higher presentation in Soft Cleft Palate and Hard and Soft Cleft Palate. Twenty-seven patients (19%) had surgical indication for VPI correction, and 20 of them received VPI surgery, before school age. Cleft type and gender were significantly associated with VPI surgery indication rate. Postsurgery, 80% presented normal resonance. Nasal emission improved in 85% of patients. Nasometry decreased from 45% to 31%. Hyponasality increased by 10%. One case presented total flap dehiscence. Preoperative planning must be done carefully and individualized to succeed. Future prospective research that considers all the variables for a correct analysis is advisable, to improve our results.

In this study, different mass concentrations of Polyaniline-emeraldine salt (PAni-ES) was mixed with bentonite clay. XRD analysis showed the incorporation of PAni-ES in bentonite. The AC conductivity was calculated from Impedance measurements. The conductivities increased with increasing concentration of PAni-ES. The AC conductivities follow a transition from frequency-independent to frequency-dependent at a critical frequency, ωc. Above ωc, the conductivity follows a universal power law behavior as described for disordered materials. Using jump relaxation model, the conductivity is governed by translational ion hopping in the low-frequency region, and well-localized ion hopping in the high-frequency region.

En el presente artículo se realizan consideraciones sobre el proceso de planificación por objetivos que asumen los directivos del sector educacional. Los autores reflexionan acerca de las vías y métodos más oportunos para el trabajo con las áreas de resultados claves y ejemplifican algunos de los elementos significativos de este proceso de planificación. Proceso que deben ser contextualizados de manera objetiva, para propiciar avances sostenidos en la eficiencia del proceso educativo

In this paper, we present a solution to monitor CO 2 emissions produced by vehicles within a university campus. The system is implemented based on distributed sensor nodes by using ZigBee technology. Several sensors were placed around the main streets on campus in order to monitor CO 2 concentrations. Data suggested that speed bumps generate increased levels of CO 2 , which are emitted by vehicles. We determine that the CO 2 levels in our campus are 410 parts per million, which is within tolerable limits. The wireless system developed has been used as a tool to take actions in order to reduce the environmental pollution around our university campus, and to improve traffic by removing the speed bumps or to restrict the circulation of vehicles at peak hours when the system indicates that pollution levels are high.

La inulina pertenece al tipo de fibra dietética soluble, cuyo consumo recomendado es de 3 a 11 g/día. Esta fibra puede ser extraída de especies vegetales que contienen fructanos como el ajo (Allium sativum). El ajo es una planta herbácea, formada por 6 a 12 hojas que engloban un bulbo subterráneo en la parte inferior del tallo. Este al ser rico en inulina, puede ejercer una acción beneficiosa en el tratamiento o reducción del riesgo en algunas enfermedades como estreñimiento, síndrome de intestino irritable, colitis ulcerosa, diabetes y enfermedades cardiovasculares. Por lo cual, el objetivo del presente trabajo fue extraer inulina a partir del ajo blanco para utilizarlo como condimento en productos cárnicos y que este proporcione fibra al alimento. La extracción de inulina se realizó en el Laboratorio de Alimentos funcionales del Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo. Los ajos se pelaron y lavaron manualmente, posteriormente se trituraron en una licuadora con agua destilada y la mezcla se sometió a tratamiento térmico en constante agitación. En seguida, la muestra se filtró y se precipitó con alcohol manteniéndose bajo refrigeración por 12 horas. Después, la solución fue llevada a centrifugación para poder separar el extracto de inulina, el cual fue llevado a secado en un horno por 12 horas, a 40°C. Finalmente el extracto seco se trituró obteniendo un polvo el que se utilizó como condimento para evaluar su aceptabilidad en carnes. Como resultado de la extracción se obtuvo del 6.70% de inulina a partir de ajo. El producto añadido a un medallón de pollo tuvo características organolépticas adecuadas, sin alterar la textura del cárnico, por lo cual se recomienda su consumo para contribuir al IDR de fibra.

Thrombin activable fibrinolysis inhibitor antigen levels (TAFI Ag ) exhibit a great inter-individual variability in healthy populations. Our aim is to determine whether variability is due to physiologic variations depending on genetic control or due to validation of the method, in order to allow a better interpretation of the results in patients with vascular diseases. With this purpose, we performed a strategy validation of specific ELISA method, Zymutest TAFI Ag Hyphen Biomed, based on a commercial monoclonal antibody. After methodology validation we have recently determined plasma TAFI Ag levels in several groups of diseases such as septic patients, menopause and cerebrovascular diseases. TAFI was finally determined in acute ischemic stroke to know its relationship with stroke evolution and response to thrombolytic treatments.

The lectin from the seeds of Canavalia brasiliensis (Con Br) was tested for its renal effects using the isolated perfusion rat kidney method. Three different doses were examined (3,10 and 30 microgram / ml), which were compared with a control group. The control group was perfused with only Krebs-Henseleit solution containing 6 percent BSA. Con Br caused diuresis and natriuresis, with a mild alteration on the perfusion pressure. Probably the lectin is inhibiting the Na+ / K+ / 2Cl- transporter present in the thick ascending limb of the Henle´s loop.

We calculate the photonic band structure for a two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystal (PC) formed by a hexagonal array of circular rings embedded in air. This crystal has been used as the cladding of a photonic crystal fibre whose core is composed by air. We solve the Maxwell equations using the plane wave method. Our calculations reveal that for propagation in the plane of periodicity, the PC possesses no complete photonic band gap. However we demonstrate the existence of complete photonic band gaps for propagation out of the plane of periodicity.

OBJETIVO: Estimar a frequência de história pregressa de chiado, descrevendo as características clínicas e formas de tratamento utilizadas. MÉTODOS: Coorte retrospectiva incluindo lactentes (6-23 meses de vida) com sintomas de infecção de vias aéreas superiores e relato de episódio prévio de chiado. Os dados foram registrados em questionário anteriormente validado. RESULTADOS: Dos 451 avaliados, 164 (36,4%; IC95% = 31,9-41,0) apresentaram história pregressa de chiado, 148 (32,8%; IC95% = 28,5-37,4) no primeiro ano de vida. A média de idade no primeiro episódio de chiado foi de 5,3±3,9 meses. Para quem começou a chiar no primeiro ano de vida, 38,5% referiram entre três e seis episódios e 14,2% > seis episódios. A média da idade no primeiro episódio foi menor para os que apresentaram > três episódios em comparação aos que apresentaram até dois episódios (3,2±2,7 versus 5,7±2,5 meses, p < 0,001). CONCLUSÃO: Um terço dos lactentes apresentou chiado no primeiro ano de vida. Quanto mais cedo ocorre o primeiro episódio, mais frequente é a recorrência do chiado. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the frequency and describe the clinical characteristics and respective treatments of previous history of wheezing. METHODS: Infants aged 6-23 months with upper respiratory tract complaints and reporting previous wheezing were followed-up retrospectively. Data were registered on a validated standardized form. RESULTS: Out of 451 infants, 164 (36.4%; 95%CI: 31.9-41.0) had a report of prior history of wheezing, 148 (32.8%; 95%CI: 28.5-37.4) during the first year of life. The mean age at the first episode of wheezing was 5.3±3.9 months. Among those who had had their first episode before 12 months of age, 38.5% reported 3 to 6 episodes and 14.2% > 6 episodes. Mean age at first episode was lower for those with > 3 episodes in comparison with those with < 2 episodes (3.2±2.7 vs. 5.7±2.5 months, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: One third of the infants reported wheezing during the first year of life. The earlier the first episode occurs, the more frequently wheezing recurs.

The purpose of this study was to carry out an historical rescue of the institutionalization of nursing education as it occurred in Paraíba. Due to the lack of written information on this subject, the authors carried out the research relying on primary and secondary oral sources. The authors verified that the institutionalization of nursing education in Paraíba occurred in the 1950's, period in which the so-called medical-sanitary model was in vogue at public health services. Among the many significant moments of the study, the authors highlight an interview with Mrs. Doralice Kluppel, a nurse which participated in the team of teachers which established the first School of Nursing in Paraíba, for she brings out feelings of worth and respect for the work carried out by this group of forerunners in nursing education in Paraíba.

Architects instruct (un)built environments using drawings, specifications, and snagging lists that foremost pertain to construction. But can such architectural instructions also support the entangled interactions that our “broken world” necessarily involves? In her plea for a more caring and democratic architecture, Joan C. Tronto notes that the problem is not that architects’ do not care, but that they care wrongly. Architects, she writes, care for “things” but should rather be “caring by participating in the ongoing relations of those who are cared for.” (Tronto, 2019: 27). I bring Tronto’s call to current challenges in the transformation of Northern European PostWW2 large-scale housing areas. Here, I conceptualize architectural documents as material instructions that do not only act as commands for construction but also enhance situated ways of knowing and participating in socio-material situations.While instructions are central to architects’ communicative processes, their standardized and object-oriented purposes are often at odds with residents’ particular and localised social processes. To link these incongruent processes, I adopt a lingering approach associated to caring participation and conditioned by the time it takes to do “paperwork, the domestic work, care work, diversity work” (Ahmed, 2019: 206). In the book What’s the Use? Sara Ahmed shows, how 20th century utilitarianism led to and restricted somethings’ usefulness, and she shows, that to diversify something can even be to refuse it’s proper use. Taking this possibility to architecture, I refuse to use instructions properly. Instead, I analyse architectural documents by intersecting notions of care as “human trouble” (e.g. Tronto, Puig de la Bellacasa, Ahmed, Krasni, Frichot) with archival- and document studies (e.g. Yaneva, Hull, Eichhorn). From here, this paper exemplifies techniques for making documents work for more democratic and caring purposes following: 1.Urgent minor matters of an office archive compiled as a motley collection of participatory techniques and genres. 2. Plan drawing acting in siting-processes with residents over time; 3. Residents’ lists and letters of complaints used to transfer information across document genres, and 4. Idle talk as it is translated from oral interactions to paper. These (im)possible instructions–engaging those who are cared for–act in both restrained and open-ended ways in the architectural design process.